Diameter-adjustable rotor and pulse generator

Abstract

The invention provides a diameter-adjustable rotor and a pulse generator, the diameter-adjustable rotor comprises a rotor body, a rotating shaft, a barrier strip and an adjusting mechanism, the rotating shaft is arranged in the central axis direction of the rotor body, and the rotor body can rotate around the rotating shaft; the barrier strips are uniformly distributed on the rotor body at intervals along the circumferential direction of the rotating shaft, the length direction of the barrier strips is along the radial direction of the rotor body, and the barrier strips are in sliding connection with the rotor body; the adjusting mechanism is arranged in the rotor body and is rotationally connected with the rotor body; the output end of the adjusting mechanism is in transmission connection with the barrier strip, the adjusting mechanism rotates forwards or reversely to drive the barrier strip to move in the radial direction of the rotor body, and the barrier strip stretches out in the direction away from the rotating shaft or retracts in the direction close to the rotating shaft. The pulse generator comprises a stator and the rotor. The diameter of the rotor can be adjusted. According to the pulse generator, the rotor and the stator can be prevented from being blocked, and the signal accuracy is guaranteed.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of information transmission technology in drilling systems, specifically to an adjustable diameter rotor and pulse generator. Background Technology

[0002] In underground drilling, such as natural gas, oil, or geothermal drilling, a drill pipe with a drill bit rotates downwards into the ground. The drill pipe is generally a hollow, cylindrical structure. During drilling, to lubricate the drill bit and remove cuttings from its path, a pump on the surface pumps a high-pressure fluid, called drilling fluid or drilling mud, through the internal channels of the drill pipe, and discharges it through the drill bit into the wellbore. Then, the drilling fluid mixed with cuttings to form mud flows to the surface through channels formed between the drill pipe and the wellbore.

[0003] To monitor downhole conditions, measurement while drilling (MWD) technology is commonly used to transmit data such as geological logging parameters, wellbore trajectory parameters, and drilling parameters to a surface monitoring system in real time during the drilling process. Drilling engineers and geological analysis engineers can then make timely decisions based on the real-time wellbore trajectory parameters and geological parameters of the formation near the drill bit, and adjust the wellbore trajectory in real time to ensure that the drill bit always drills into the oil and gas reservoir, thereby maximizing the encounter rate and recovery rate of the oil and gas reservoir.

[0004] There are various wireless information transmission methods for measurement while drilling (MSD), among which mud pulse data transmission technology is the most widely used due to its high reliability and economy. The mud pulse signal transmission system utilizes a downhole mud pulse generator to generate a pressure carrier signal of a certain frequency, encoding the signal in its frequency or phase to achieve communication between the downhole and the surface. The pulse generator includes a stator and a rotor. The rotor rotates relative to the stator at a certain frequency to block or allow mud to pass through, thereby generating and transmitting a pressure signal to the surface.

[0005] The quality of the pressure signal sent by the pulse generator affects the decoding success rate. Limited by changes in well depth conditions, the required stator and rotor clearance may differ for different well depths. Generally, the stator has multiple grooves arranged circumferentially on its outer periphery, serving as flow channels for mud. The rotor has multiple raised baffles arranged circumferentially on its outer periphery. As the rotor rotates relative to the stator, the raised baffles continuously align with or deviate from the grooves. When deviated, the grooves are fully open for mud passage; when aligned, the grooves are blocked to impede mud flow. The clearance between the stator and rotor determines the degree of mud obstruction. A smaller clearance results in greater obstruction, making it harder for mud to flow when multiple baffles align with multiple grooves, leading to a stronger pressure signal. Conversely, a larger clearance results in less obstruction, allowing some mud flow even when multiple baffles align with multiple grooves, resulting in a weaker pressure signal. However, under certain geological conditions, a smaller gap between the stator and rotor can easily cause rotor jamming and blockage in shallow wells. Therefore, a larger gap is better in shallow wells. In deep wells, however, the number of influencing factors increases, and the pressure signal is not obvious. It is necessary to increase the pressure peak value to enhance the pressure signal and reduce the gap. The smaller the gap, the better, without damaging the mechanical parts. This leads to the need to replace the pulse generator with one of different specifications after reaching a certain well depth.

[0006] Furthermore, a larger clearance between the rotor and stator helps reduce the interference of mud viscosity on measurements, making the sensor easier to rotate. However, a larger clearance may lead to reduced measurement accuracy and resolution, as well as rotational instability. Therefore, under different geological and mud conditions, it is often necessary to select a pulse generator with an appropriate stator-rotor clearance. Moreover, as drilling depth increases, the conditions that the pulse generator needs to meet may change, which may necessitate replacing it with a pulse generator of different specifications. In some cases, different types of measured parameters may require rotors and stators with different radial clearances. Replacing the pulse generator requires removing the entire drill pipe for replacement, which is cumbersome, requires downtime, delays the project, and necessitates pausing and restarting all drilling-related equipment, inevitably resulting in the loss of consumables and equipment. Therefore, providing a rotor and pulse generator with an adjustable diameter is of great significance.

[0007] Chinese patent application number CN201120059734.9, entitled "A Rotary Downhole Mud Pulse Generator," discloses a pulse generator. This pulse generator consists of a pressure-resistant cylinder, a dedicated motor, a drive shaft assembly, a transition joint, a pressure balancing device, a pulse rotor, a pulse stator, and a pulse valve seat. The drive shaft assembly comprises a motor output shaft, bearings, and bearing fixing nuts. The pressure balancing device consists of a balancing piston, a restoring spring, and a plug. When the pulse generator operates, the dedicated motor drives the pulse rotor to rotate according to instructions. When the mud channels on the pulse rotor are completely misaligned with the mud channels on the pulse stator, the mud flow is obstructed, causing a pressure increase. When the dedicated motor drives the pulse rotor to rotate a certain angle, the mud channels on the pulse rotor and the mud channels on the pulse stator overlap again, the mud pressure decreases, and normal pressure is restored, thus generating a pressure pulse. This pulse generator has advantages such as simple structure, low susceptibility to blockage by sediment or fibrous debris, low manufacturing cost, and high reliability. However, this pulse generator does not have the function of adjusting the rotor diameter. Summary of the Invention

[0008] The purpose of this invention is to address at least one of the aforementioned shortcomings of the prior art. For example, one objective of this invention is to provide a diameter-adjustable rotor with a reasonable structure, capable of adjusting its own diameter and the degree of mud obstruction. Another objective of this invention is to provide a diameter-adjustable pulse generator that ensures good pressure signal generation, adapts to different well conditions, and avoids rotor or stator jamming.

[0009] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides a rotor with an adjustable diameter. The rotor may include a rotor body, a rotating shaft, baffles, and an adjusting mechanism. The rotating shaft is arranged along the central axis of the rotor body, and the rotor body is capable of rotating around the rotating shaft. The baffles are evenly spaced on the rotor body along the circumferential direction of the rotating shaft, and the length direction of the baffles is along the radial direction of the rotor body. The baffles are slidably connected to the rotor body. The adjusting mechanism is built into the rotor body and is rotatably connected to the rotor body. The output end of the adjusting mechanism is drivenly connected to the baffles. The forward or reverse rotation of the adjusting mechanism drives the baffles to move along the radial direction of the rotor body, so that the baffles can extend away from the rotating shaft or retract towards the rotating shaft.

[0010] According to one or more exemplary embodiments of one aspect of the present invention, a cavity may be provided in the rotor body, and an adjustment mechanism is disposed in the cavity; a sliding groove may be provided on the rotor body, the sliding grooves being evenly spaced along the circumferential direction of the rotating shaft, the length direction of the sliding grooves being along the radial direction of the rotor body, and the sliding grooves communicating with the cavity; the sliding grooves include a first part of the sliding groove and a second part of the sliding groove, the first part of the sliding groove and the second part of the sliding groove being arranged along the depth direction of the sliding groove, and the length of the first part of the sliding groove being greater than the length of the second part of the sliding groove; the stop bar may include a stop bar body and a slider, the slider being disposed on the stop bar body; the stop bar body is engaged with the first part of the sliding groove, the slider is engaged with the second part of the sliding groove, and the stop bar body at least blocks the second part of the sliding groove during movement.

[0011] According to one or more exemplary embodiments of one aspect of the present invention, the first partial groove may be recessed downward from the surface of the rotor body; the end of the first partial groove away from the rotating shaft extends to the outer peripheral surface of the rotor body, and an opening for the baffle body to extend out may be formed on the outer peripheral surface of the rotor body; the second partial groove may be recessed downward from the bottom of the first partial groove and penetrate into the cavity; the end of the second partial groove away from the rotating shaft is spaced apart from the outer peripheral surface of the rotor body, and the second partial groove is not connected to the outer peripheral surface of the rotor body in the radial direction.

[0012] According to one or more exemplary embodiments of one aspect of the present invention, the cross-sectional shape of the first portion of the groove may be I-shaped.

[0013] According to one or more exemplary embodiments of one aspect of the present invention, the adjusting mechanism may include an adjusting disc, the side of the adjusting disc facing the slide groove being provided with a planar thread, and the bottom of the slider being provided with threads that pass through the slide groove and engage with the planar thread.

[0014] According to one or more exemplary embodiments of one aspect of the present invention, the adjusting disc may be connected to the rotor body via a rotating bearing.

[0015] According to one or more exemplary embodiments of one aspect of the present invention, the rotor may further include a drive motor disposed within a rotating shaft, the rotor body may be provided with a central through hole communicating with the rotating shaft, the central through hole communicating with a cavity, and the output end of the drive motor passing through the central through hole and connected to an adjustment mechanism to drive its rotation.

[0016] According to one or more exemplary embodiments of one aspect of the present invention, the baffle body may be rectangular in shape, and the baffle body may extend beyond the rotor body in the radial direction of the rotor body.

[0017] According to one or more exemplary embodiments of one aspect of the present invention, the baffle body may include a connecting portion and a blocking portion arranged sequentially along the radial direction of the rotor body, a slider may be provided on the connecting portion, the connecting portion is slidably connected to a first partial slide groove, the blocking portion extends out of the slide groove, and the width of the connecting portion is less than the width of the blocking portion.

[0018] According to one or more exemplary embodiments of one aspect of the present invention, the width of the blocking portion may gradually decrease along the direction close to the connecting portion, and the width of the connecting portion may be less than or equal to the minimum width of the blocking portion.

[0019] According to one or more exemplary embodiments of one aspect of the present invention, the connecting portion may be rectangular, the blocking portion may be a partially fan-shaped structure, and the arc length of the outer peripheral surface of the blocking portion is greater than the arc length of its inner peripheral surface.

[0020] According to one or more exemplary embodiments of one aspect of the present invention, the rotor may further include an elastic seal, which may be disposed at one end of the baffle near the rotating shaft. The elastic seal connects the rotor body and the baffle, and the elastic seal always closes the slide groove during the movement of the baffle.

[0021] According to one or more exemplary embodiments of one aspect of the present invention, the elastic seal may include a single piece of elastic skin or multiple separate elastic skins; when the elastic seal is a single piece of elastic skin, each baffle is located in the circumferential direction of the elastic skin; when the elastic seal is multiple separate elastic skins, the width of each elastic skin is greater than the width of the baffle, and the two sides of each elastic skin extend out of the two sides of the slide groove, with the direction of the side extension being the tangential direction of the rotor.

[0022] According to one or more exemplary embodiments of one aspect of the present invention, the elastic skin may be made of rubber, rubber polymer or elastic fabric coated with a waterproof coating.

[0023] Another aspect of the present invention provides a pulse generator with an adjustable diameter, which may include a stator and a rotor with an adjustable diameter as described above, wherein the rotor and stator are coaxially arranged, the shaft is rotatably inserted through the axial space of the stator, and the baffle is located on the side close to the stator; the stator includes a main body and protrusions, a plurality of protrusions are spaced apart in the circumferential direction of the main body, and grooves for mud flow are formed between the protrusions; the diameter of the rotor body is less than or equal to the diameter of the stator body, the number of baffles is the same as the number of grooves, and the width of the baffle portion blocking the groove is greater than or equal to the width of the groove; the baffle moves to adjust the overall diameter of the rotor, thereby adjusting the radial gap between the stator and the rotor, and thus adjusting the degree to which the rotor blocks the groove, and the gap is not zero; the rotor body rotates relative to the stator, and the baffles and grooves continuously correspond or offset, generating a pressure signal.

[0024] According to one or more exemplary embodiments of another aspect of the present invention, the gap may range from 0.05 to 10.0 mm.

[0025] According to one or more exemplary embodiments of another aspect of the present invention, the pulse generator may have an operating state and an unlocked state. In the operating state, the gap between the stator and the rotor is 0.05 to 1.0 mm, and in the unlocked state, the gap between the stator and the rotor is 1.0 to 10.0 mm.

[0026] According to one or more exemplary embodiments of another aspect of the present invention, the pulse generator may further include a drill pipe sleeve sleeved on the stator.

[0027] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention include at least one of the following:

[0028] (1) The rotor structure with adjustable diameter proposed in this invention is reasonable and can meet the requirements of mud blockage under different well conditions by adjusting its own diameter.

[0029] (2) The pressure signal generated by the pulse generator with adjustable diameter proposed in this invention is good.

[0030] (3) The pulse generator with adjustable diameter proposed in this invention can adjust the flow area of ​​the blocked mud, which can prevent the rotor or stator from getting stuck and blocked. Attached Figure Description

[0031] The above and other objects and features of the present invention will become clearer from the following description taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, in which:

[0032] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the internal structure of a pulse generator according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention is shown;

[0033] Figure 2 A schematic diagram showing the installation position of the drive motor of the present invention is provided;

[0034] Figure 3 An axial view of the stator is shown in an exemplary embodiment of the present invention;

[0035] Figure 4 An axial view of the rotor of the present invention is shown;

[0036] Figure 5 An axial view of the rotor body of the present invention is shown;

[0037] Figure 6 A side view of the rotor body of the present invention is shown;

[0038] Figure 7 A cross-sectional view of the rotor body of the present invention is shown;

[0039] Figure 8 A schematic diagram of the structure of the baffle bar of the present invention is shown;

[0040] Figure 9 Another cross-sectional view of the rotor body of the present invention is shown;

[0041] Figure 10 A schematic diagram of the elastic seal of the present invention is shown in the initial position of the baffle.

[0042] Figure 11 A schematic diagram of the elastic seal when the baffle bar of the present invention is extended is shown;

[0043] Figure 12 A schematic diagram of the structure of the baffle body of the present invention when the blocking part is retracted is shown;

[0044] Figure 13 A schematic diagram of the structure of the baffle body of the present invention when the blocking portion is extended is shown;

[0045] Figure 14 An axial view of the stop bar of the present invention in its initial position is shown;

[0046] Figure 15 An axial view of the stop bar of the present invention is shown at the moving stop position;

[0047] Figure 16 Another axial view of the rotor of the present invention is shown.

[0048] Figure label:

[0049] 1000-Rotor, 2000-Stator, 2001-Groove, 2002-Structure space of stator, 3000-Drill pipe, 1-Rotor body, 11-Slide groove, 111-First slide groove, 112-Second slide groove, 113-Opening, 12-Cavity, 2-Stop bar, 21-Stop bar body, 211-Connecting part, 212-Shielding part, 22-Slider, 23-Thread, 3-Adjusting mechanism, 31-Adjusting disc, 311-Flat thread, 32-Rotating bearing, 4-Shaft, 5-Elastic seal, 6-Drive motor. Detailed Implementation

[0050] In the following, a diameter-adjustable rotor and pulse generator of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and exemplary embodiments.

[0051] In the description of this application, it should be understood that the terms "middle", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "bottom", "inner", "outer", "positive", "negative", etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are only for the convenience of describing this application and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on this application.

[0052] The terms "first," "second," etc., are used merely for ease of description and distinction, and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of technical features indicated. Therefore, a feature defined with "first," "second," etc., may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of that feature. In the description of this invention, unless otherwise stated, "a plurality of" means two or more.

[0053] In the description of this application, it should be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," and "joining" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; and they can refer to the internal communication between two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this invention based on the specific circumstances.

[0054] Exemplary Example 1

[0055] This exemplary embodiment provides a rotor with an adjustable diameter.

[0056] Figure 2 A schematic diagram showing the installation position of the drive motor of the present invention is provided; Figure 4 An axial view of the rotor of the present invention is shown; Figure 5 An axial view of the rotor body of the present invention is shown; Figure 6 A side view of the rotor body of the present invention is shown; Figure 7 A cross-sectional view of the rotor body of the present invention is shown;

[0057] Figure 8 A schematic diagram of the structure of the baffle bar of the present invention is shown; Figure 9 Another cross-sectional view of the rotor body of the present invention is shown; Figure 10 A schematic diagram of the elastic seal of the present invention is shown in the initial position of the baffle.

[0058] Figure 11 A schematic diagram of the elastic seal when the baffle bar of the present invention is extended is shown; Figure 14 An axial view of the stop bar of the present invention in its initial position is shown; Figure 15An axial view of the stop bar of the present invention at the moving stop position is shown below. Figure 2 , Figures 4 to 11 , Figure 14 and Figure 15 To describe the diameter-adjustable rotor of this exemplary embodiment.

[0059] An adjustable diameter rotor may include a rotor body 1, a rotating shaft 4, a stop bar 2, and an adjustment mechanism 3.

[0060] A rotating shaft 4 is positioned along the central axis of the rotor body 1, allowing the rotor body 1 to rotate around it. Baffles 2 are evenly spaced along the circumferential direction of the rotating shaft 4 on the rotor body 1, with their length along the radial direction of the rotor body 1. In the initial state / position, the baffles 2 can extend radially beyond the rotor body 1, and their length can be greater than the radius of the rotor body 1. The length by which the baffles 2 extend beyond the rotor body 1 during movement is called the elongation length. The diameter of the entire rotor can be adjusted by extending the baffles. The baffles 2 are slidably connected to the rotor body 1. An adjusting mechanism 3 is built into the rotor body 1 and rotatably connected to it. The output end of the adjusting mechanism 3 is drively connected to the baffles 2, driving multiple baffles 2 to move synchronously to adjust their extension lengths. The adjusting mechanism 3 drives the baffles 2 to move radially along the rotor body 1 by rotating in either the forward or reverse direction, allowing the baffles 2 to extend away from the rotating shaft 4 or retract (shrink) towards the rotating shaft 4.

[0061] In this exemplary embodiment, a cavity 12 may be provided in the rotor body 1, and the adjustment mechanism 3 is disposed in the cavity 12. A plurality of sliding grooves 11 may be provided on the rotor body 1, the plurality of sliding grooves 11 being evenly spaced along the circumferential direction of the rotating shaft 4, and the length direction of the sliding grooves 11 being along the radial direction of the rotor body 1, that is, each sliding groove 11 extends radially along the rotor body 1. The sliding grooves 11 communicate with the cavity 12. Each sliding groove 11 may include a first portion sliding groove 111 and a second portion sliding groove 112, the first portion sliding groove 111 and the second portion sliding groove 112 being arranged along the depth direction of the sliding groove 11, and the second portion sliding groove 112 being located directly below the first portion sliding groove 111. The length of the first portion sliding groove 111 is greater than the length of the second portion sliding groove 112. In other words, the first portion sliding groove 111 may be formed by a downward recess from the surface of the rotor body 1, and the second portion sliding groove 112 may be formed by a downward recess from the bottom surface of the first portion sliding groove 111, extending through the cavity 12. Here, at least the cross-sectional shape of the first part of the chute can be I-shaped. On the one hand, this can increase the installation stability of the baffle strip, and on the other hand, the central boss of the I-shape can block the mud and improve the sealing performance.

[0062] Furthermore, the end of the first groove 111 away from the rotating shaft 4 extends to the outer peripheral surface of the rotor body 1, and each of the first grooves has an opening 113 on the outer peripheral surface of the rotor body 1. The opening 113 on the outer peripheral surface of the rotor body 1 allows the baffle body 21 to extend out. That is, multiple baffles 2 are correspondingly arranged in multiple grooves 11, and one end of each baffle can extend out from the opening 113. The end of the second groove 112 away from the rotating shaft 4 is spaced apart from the outer peripheral surface of the rotor body 1. The second groove 112 is not connected to the outer peripheral surface of the rotor body 1 in the radial direction, that is, the second groove 112 is not connected to the outside in the radial direction through the opening 113.

[0063] In this exemplary embodiment, the surface of the baffle 2 may be flush with one side of the rotor body 1. The baffle 2 may include a baffle body 21 and a slider 22. The baffle body 21 is fitted into a first partial slide groove 111, and the slider 22 is fitted into a second partial slide groove 112. The slider 22 is disposed below the baffle body 21, that is, the slider 22 is connected to the side of the baffle body 21 facing the cavity 12, and the slider 22 passes through the slide groove 11 and is connected to the adjustment mechanism 3. Here, the slider 22 may be disposed between the position directly below the baffle body 21 and the end near the rotating shaft 4, ensuring that the baffle body 21 at least blocks the second partial slide groove 112 during movement. Specifically, after the slider 22 moves outward along the second partial slide groove 112, the baffle 2 can block the second partial slide groove 112 to prevent mud from entering the internal cavity 12 of the rotor body 1 through the second partial slide groove 112, thereby further improving the sealing performance and mechanical stability of the rotor body 1. Here, the baffle body 21 can play a certain role in blocking the second part of the sliding groove 112, making it difficult for mud to enter the internal cavity 12 of the rotor body 1 from the second part of the sliding groove 112, thereby improving the sealing performance and mechanical stability of the rotor body 1 and ensuring the adjustable diameter of the rotor.

[0064] Furthermore, the bottom of the slider 22 may be provided with threads 23.

[0065] In this exemplary embodiment, the baffle body may be a rectangular strip.

[0066] In this exemplary embodiment, the adjusting mechanism 3 may include an adjusting disc 31, which is connected to the rotor body 1 via a rotating bearing 32. The side of the adjusting disc 31 facing the slide groove 11 may be provided with a planar thread 311. The threads 23 of the slider 22 can pass through the slide groove 11 and engage with the planar thread 311, i.e., the threads 23 can mesh with the planar thread 311. Rotation of the adjusting disc 31 causes each stop bar 2 to move radially.

[0067] In this exemplary embodiment, the diameter-adjustable rotor may further include a drive motor 6. The drive motor 6 may be disposed within the rotating shaft 4. The rotor body 1 has a central through hole communicating with the rotating shaft 4. The central through hole communicates with the cavity 12 of the rotor body 1. The output end of the drive motor 6 may pass through the central through hole and be connected to the adjustment mechanism 3 to drive the adjustment mechanism 3 to rotate, thereby driving multiple baffles 2 to move synchronously (extend or retract simultaneously). Specifically, when the drive motor drives the adjustment disk to rotate in the forward direction, the slider moves outward along the planar thread (extends movement) to increase the extension length of the baffles and increase the diameter of the rotor. When the drive motor drives the adjustment disk to rotate in the reverse direction, the slider moves inward along the planar thread (retracts movement) to decrease the extension length of the baffles and decrease the diameter of the rotor.

[0068] In this exemplary embodiment, the rotor 1000 (i.e., the rotor with an adjustable diameter) may further include an elastic seal 5. The elastic seal 5 may be disposed at one end of the stop bar 2 (the end near the shaft). The elastic seal 5 connects the rotor body 1 and the stop bar 2 to close the slide groove 11 when the stop bar 2 extends outward from its initial position. The elastic seal 5 keeps the slide groove 11 closed throughout the movement of the stop bar 2.

[0069] In this exemplary embodiment, the elastic seal may include a single piece of elastic skin or multiple separate elastic skins. The elastic skin is configured to have a certain tensile force in the initial state, so that the elastic skin can remain in close contact with the surface of the rotor body, improving the sealing effect. When the elastic seal is a single piece of elastic skin, each baffle is located in the circumferential direction of the elastic skin; when the elastic seal is multiple separate elastic skins, the width of each elastic skin is greater than the width of the baffle, and the two sides of each elastic skin extend beyond the two sides of the groove, achieving a better sealing effect. The width / length of the extended sides is the dimension along the tangential direction of the rotor. Here, the elastic skin can be made of a material with a certain elasticity, flexibility, and impermeability to water and oil, such as rubber (e.g., styrene-butadiene rubber) and rubber polymers (silicone rubber), elastic fabrics coated with waterproof coatings, etc.

[0070] Furthermore, one end of the elastic skin can be connected to the upper surface of the baffle, and the other end can be connected to one side of the rotor body (the side with the groove), and the elastic skin extends radially beyond the end of the groove away from the opening (the end near the shaft) so that the elastic skin covers the end of the groove.

[0071] Exemplary Example 2

[0072] This exemplary embodiment provides a rotor with an adjustable diameter.

[0073] Figure 12 A schematic diagram of the structure of the baffle body of the present invention when the blocking part is retracted is shown; Figure 13A schematic diagram of the structure of the baffle body of the present invention when the blocking portion is extended is shown; Figure 16 Another axial view of the rotor of the present invention is shown below. (See below in conjunction with...) Figure 12 , Figure 13 and Figure 16 To describe the diameter-adjustable rotor of this exemplary embodiment.

[0074] The rotor structure of this exemplary embodiment is substantially the same as that of the rotor described in Exemplary Embodiment 1. The difference is that the baffle body of the rotor in this exemplary embodiment is not rectangular, but may include a connecting portion and a blocking portion.

[0075] In this exemplary embodiment, the connecting portion 211 and the blocking portion 212 of the baffle body are sequentially arranged along the radial direction of the rotor body 1. A slider can be positioned directly below the connecting portion. The connecting portion is slidably connected to a first partial slide groove, and the slider engages with a second partial slide groove. One end of the connecting portion can be connected to the blocking portion through the opening of the first partial slide groove. In the initial state / position, the blocking portion 212 of the baffle 2 extends beyond the slide groove 11 and beyond the rotor body 1, located on the outer periphery of the rotor body 1. The width of the connecting portion is less than the width of the blocking portion. Width refers to the dimension along the tangential direction of the rotor body.

[0076] In this exemplary embodiment, the connecting portion may be rectangular. The blocking portion may be a partially fan-shaped structure, with the arc length of the outer peripheral surface of the blocking portion being greater than the arc length of its inner peripheral surface. The width of the blocking portion may gradually decrease along the direction approaching the connecting portion, and the width of the connecting portion may be less than or equal to the minimum width of the blocking portion.

[0077] Exemplary Example 3

[0078] This exemplary embodiment provides a pulse generator with an adjustable diameter.

[0079] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the internal structure of a pulse generator according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention is shown; Figure 3 An axial view of the stator is shown in an exemplary embodiment of the present invention. The following is in conjunction with... Figure 1 and Figure 3 This exemplary embodiment describes a pulse generator with an adjustable diameter.

[0080] The diameter-adjustable pulse generator of this exemplary embodiment may include a stator 2000 and a diameter-adjustable rotor as described in Exemplary Embodiment 1 or Exemplary Embodiment 2 above.

[0081] The rotor 1000 and stator 2000 are coaxially arranged, and the rotor body is fixedly connected to the rotating shaft 4, which rotatably passes through the axial space 2002 of the stator 2000. The stop bars are located on the side closest to the stator, meaning multiple grooves are located on the side of the rotor body facing the stator. Here, the multiple stop bars can be flush with the side of the rotor body facing the stator, making the side of the rotor facing the stator approximately planar, thus preventing axial clearance variations between the rotor and stator from affecting rotational stability, pressure signal magnitude, measurement accuracy, and precision.

[0082] The stator 2000 includes a main body (stator body) and protrusions (edge ​​portions). The main body has a plurality of protrusions spaced apart in the circumferential direction, forming grooves 2001 between the protrusions for the flow of slurry. In other words, the stator 2000 has multiple grooves 2001 arranged circumferentially on its outer periphery, which serve as channels for the flow of slurry. Alternatively, the grooves can be described as being located on the edge portion of the stator surrounding the stator body.

[0083] The diameter of the rotor body is less than or equal to the diameter of the stator body. The number of retaining bars is the same as the number of grooves, and the width of the retaining bar portion blocking the groove is greater than or equal to the width of the groove. Moving the retaining bars adjusts the overall diameter of the rotor, thereby adjusting the radial clearance between the stator and rotor, and thus adjusting the degree to which the rotor blocks the groove. The clearance is never zero during the movement of the retaining bars. Specifically, the drive motor can drive the adjusting disc to rotate forward, and the slider moves outward along the planar thread (extending movement) to increase the extension length of the retaining bars, increase the rotor diameter, and decrease the radial clearance between the stator and rotor. The drive motor can also drive the adjusting disc to rotate in the opposite direction, and the slider moves inward along the planar thread (retracting movement) to decrease the extension length of the retaining bars, decrease the rotor diameter, and increase the radial clearance between the stator and rotor.

[0084] The rotor body can rotate relative to the stator. Specifically, the stator does not rotate. When the rotor body rotates relative to the stator, multiple baffles continuously correspond to and offset multiple grooves on the stator to block the mud and allow the mud to pass through, thereby generating a pressure signal.

[0085] In this exemplary embodiment, the diameter of the rotor body is smaller than the diameter of the stator body to form a clearance space, which increases the adjustability of the radial clearance. When the shielding part is retracted relative to the rotor body toward the clearance space (the shielding part moves toward the central axis of the rotor body), the radial clearance between the stator and the rotor is larger. When the shielding part is extended relative to the rotor body, the radial clearance between the stator and the rotor decreases.

[0086] The diameter-adjustable rotor of the present invention is configured with an overall adjustable diameter structure. By adjusting the extension length of multiple baffles relative to the rotor body, the radial gap between the stator and the rotor can be adjusted, so that the diameter-adjustable rotor of the present invention and the pulse generator having the rotor can adapt to measurement conditions of different depths, different parameter types, different mud viscosities, and different geological types.

[0087] In this exemplary embodiment, the pulse generator may further include a drill pipe cylinder 3000. The drill pipe cylinder 3000 is sleeved around the outer periphery of the stator 2000. Generally, the diameter of the internal space of the drill pipe cylinder is more than ten centimeters, and the width of the baffle body needs to be adapted to this space limitation to ensure that multiple baffle bodies do not easily interfere with each other when retracted. At the same time, since the degree of shielding of the grooves of the stator by the baffle body is related to the signal strength, it is also necessary to ensure that the baffle body has a certain width to play a good shielding role.

[0088] In this exemplary embodiment, if the pulse generator has a rotor with an adjustable diameter as in Exemplary Embodiment 1, Figure 14 This demonstrates the state of the baffle 2 blocking the mud in its initial position, corresponding to the groove 2001. At this time, in its initial position, the baffle's extension length relative to the rotor body is small, the overall diameter of the rotor is small, and the radial clearance between the stator and the rotor is large. Figure 15 This demonstrates the state of the stop bar 2 blocking the mud corresponding to the groove 2001 when it is at its moving stop position. At this position, the stop bar is at its maximum extension, unable to extend further beyond the moving stop. At this maximum extension position, the stop bar's extension length relative to the rotor body is at its maximum, and the overall diameter of the rotor is at its maximum, slightly smaller than the stator diameter. The radial clearance between the stator and rotor is small (e.g., 0.1 mm) to prevent the rotor from contacting the inner wall of the drill pipe barrel, thus avoiding friction that could affect rotation.

[0089] In this exemplary embodiment, the radial clearance between the stator and rotor can also be understood as the difference between the overall diameter of the stator and the overall diameter of the rotor. The clearance can range from 0.05 to 10.0 mm, for example, 0.007 mm, 5.00 mm, or 7.50 mm.

[0090] In this exemplary embodiment, the pulse generator may have an operating state and a de-jamming state. In the operating state, the gap between the stator and rotor may be 0.05–1.0 mm, for example, 0.006 mm, 0.008 mm, or 1.0 mm, to balance good rotational stability, high pressure signal, accuracy, and resolution. When the rotor and / or stator is jammed by debris in the slurry, the pulse generator enters the de-jamming state. In the de-jamming state, the gap between the stator and rotor may be 1.0–10.0 mm, for example, 1.5 mm, 5.0 mm, or 9.0 mm, so that the debris can be carried away with the slurry, achieving de-jamming and preventing damage to the device.

[0091] In this exemplary embodiment, the pulse generator may further include a power mechanism. The power mechanism is used to drive the shaft to rotate, so that the rotor body rotates about the shaft and relative to the stator to generate a pressure signal.

[0092] In this exemplary embodiment, the drive motor of the rotor in the pulse generator can also be located in the cavity and on the side of the adjustment plate away from the stator, so that the rotor body, multiple baffles, adjustment mechanism and drive mechanism are integrated into one, forming an integrally sealed structure with good sealing and integrity, and making it easy to install, remove and replace the whole from the shaft.

[0093] In this exemplary embodiment, if the pulse generator has a rotor with an adjustable diameter as in Exemplary Embodiment 1, the baffle body of the rotor extends out of the rotor body to block the groove, and the width of the extended baffle body is greater than the cross-sectional width of the groove.

[0094] In this exemplary embodiment, if the pulse generator has a rotor with an adjustable diameter as in Exemplary Embodiment 2, the groove extending from the rotor body of the shielding part in the rotor is a groove for shielding the stator. The shielding part is set to have a width greater than the cross-sectional width of the groove, and the width of the connecting part is smaller than the width of the shielding part. This ensures that the shielding part can play a good shielding role, and also alleviates the problem of mutual interference when multiple baffles are retracted. Furthermore, in conjunction with Figure 12 and Figure 13 It can be seen that when the stop bar moves outward, the elastic seal 5 is stretched. In both the initial and stretched (extended) states, the stop bar always covers the top surface of the groove 11 in the depth direction. This serves two purposes: firstly, it seals the groove and improves sealing; secondly, it further ensures that the rotor's surface facing the stator is generally flat, preventing axial clearance variations between the rotor and stator from affecting rotational stability, pressure signal magnitude, measurement accuracy, and precision.

[0095] Furthermore, the width of the shielding portion gradually decreases along the direction close to the connecting portion, and the minimum width of the shielding portion is greater than the minimum width of the cross-section of the groove, while the width of the connecting portion is less than or equal to the minimum width of the shielding portion.

[0096] Furthermore, the connecting part can be rectangular, which allows for better cooperation with the sliding groove, ensuring stable movement. Meanwhile, the blocking part can be fan-shaped, which, while ensuring blocking, further alleviates the interference problem when multiple baffles are retracted.

[0097] In summary, the advantages proposed by this invention include at least one of the following:

[0098] (1) The present invention sets the rotor as an overall adjustable structure. By adjusting the extension length of multiple baffles, the radial gap between the stator and the rotor can be adjusted, so that the rotor and the pulse generator with the rotor can adapt to measurement conditions of different depths, different parameter types, different mud viscosity and different geological types.

[0099] (2) The present invention can solve the problem that the stator and rotor are not easy to replace after installation in the prior art.

[0100] (3) The present invention can control the gap between the rotor and the stator, thereby improving the accuracy and resolution of the pulse generator measurement and solving problems such as rotational instability. In addition, it does not delay the construction period and can avoid consumables and equipment damage.

[0101] Although an adjustable diameter rotor and pulse generator of the present invention have been described above in conjunction with exemplary embodiments, those skilled in the art will understand that various modifications and changes can be made to the exemplary embodiments of the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope defined by the claims.

Claims

1. A rotor with an adjustable diameter, characterized in that, The rotor includes a rotor body, a rotating shaft, retaining bars, and an adjusting mechanism, wherein, A rotating shaft is provided along the central axis of the rotor body, and the rotor body can rotate around the rotating shaft. The baffles are evenly spaced on the rotor body along the circumferential direction of the shaft, and the length of the baffles is along the radial direction of the rotor body. The baffles are slidably connected to the rotor body. The adjustment mechanism is built into the rotor body and is rotatably connected to the rotor body; The output end of the adjustment mechanism is connected to the baffle drive. The forward or reverse rotation of the adjustment mechanism drives the baffle to move in the radial direction of the rotor body, so that the baffle can extend away from the rotating shaft or retract towards the rotating shaft.

2. The diameter-adjustable rotor according to claim 1, characterized in that, The rotor body has a cavity, and the adjustment mechanism is disposed in the cavity; The rotor body is provided with a sliding groove, which is evenly spaced along the circumferential direction of the rotating shaft and the length direction of the sliding groove is along the radial direction of the rotor body. The sliding groove is connected to the cavity. The sliding groove includes a first part of the sliding groove and a second part of the sliding groove. The first part of the sliding groove and the second part of the sliding groove are arranged along the depth direction of the sliding groove, and the length of the first part of the sliding groove is greater than the length of the second part of the sliding groove. The stop bar includes a stop bar body and a slider, with the slider disposed on the stop bar body; the stop bar body is fitted into a first part of the slide groove, and the slider is fitted into a second part of the slide groove, with the stop bar body at least covering the second part of the slide groove during movement.

3. The diameter-adjustable rotor according to claim 2, characterized in that, The first part of the groove is formed by a downward indentation from the surface of the rotor body; the end of the first part of the groove away from the rotating shaft extends to the outer peripheral surface of the rotor body, and an opening for the baffle body to extend is formed on the outer peripheral surface of the rotor body; the second part of the groove is formed by a downward indentation from the bottom of the first part of the groove and extends through the cavity; the end of the second part of the groove away from the rotating shaft is spaced apart from the outer peripheral surface of the rotor body, and the second part of the groove is not connected to the outer peripheral surface of the rotor body in the radial direction.

4. The diameter-adjustable rotor according to claim 2, characterized in that, The cross-sectional shape of the first part of the chute is I-shaped.

5. The diameter-adjustable rotor according to claim 2, characterized in that, The adjustment mechanism includes an adjustment disc, the side of the adjustment disc facing the slide groove is provided with a planar thread, and the bottom of the slider is provided with threads that pass through the slide groove and engage with the planar thread.

6. The diameter-adjustable rotor according to claim 5, characterized in that, The regulating disc is connected to the rotor body via a rotating bearing.

7. The diameter-adjustable rotor according to claim 2, characterized in that, The rotor also includes a drive motor, which is disposed inside the rotating shaft. The rotor body has a central through hole that communicates with the rotating shaft and is connected to the cavity. The output end of the drive motor passes through the central through hole and is connected to the adjustment mechanism to drive it to rotate.

8. The diameter-adjustable rotor according to claim 2, characterized in that, The baffle body is rectangular and extends beyond the rotor body in the radial direction of the rotor body.

9. The diameter-adjustable rotor according to claim 2, characterized in that, The baffle body includes a connecting part and a blocking part arranged sequentially along the radial direction of the rotor body. A slider is provided on the connecting part. The connecting part is slidably connected to the first part of the slide groove. The blocking part extends out of the slide groove. The width of the connecting part is less than the width of the blocking part.

10. The diameter-adjustable rotor according to claim 9, characterized in that, The width of the shielding portion gradually decreases along the direction close to the connecting portion, and the width of the connecting portion is less than or equal to the minimum width of the shielding portion.

11. The diameter-adjustable rotor according to claim 10, characterized in that, The connecting part is rectangular, and the shielding part is a partially fan-shaped structure, with the arc length of the outer peripheral surface of the shielding part being greater than the arc length of its inner peripheral surface.

12. The diameter-adjustable rotor according to claim 2, characterized in that, The rotor also includes an elastic seal, which is disposed at one end of the stop bar near the rotating shaft. The elastic seal connects the rotor body and the stop bar, and the elastic seal keeps the slide groove closed during the movement of the stop bar.

13. The diameter-adjustable rotor according to claim 12, characterized in that, The elastic seal includes a single piece of elastic skin or multiple separate elastic skins; When the elastic seal is a single piece of elastic skin, each baffle is located in the circumferential direction of the elastic skin; When the elastic seal is composed of multiple separate elastic skins, the width of each elastic skin is greater than the width of the baffle, and the two sides of each elastic skin extend out of the two sides of the slide groove, with the direction of the side extension being the tangential direction of the rotor.

14. The diameter-adjustable rotor according to claim 13, characterized in that, The elastic skin is made of rubber, rubber polymer, or elastic fabric coated with a waterproof coating.

15. A pulse generator with adjustable diameter, characterized in that, The pulse generator includes a stator and a diameter-adjustable rotor as described in any one of claims 1 to 14, wherein, The rotor and stator are coaxially arranged, and the rotating shaft is rotatably inserted through the central space of the stator. The baffle is located on the side closer to the stator. The stator includes a main body and protrusions. Several protrusions are spaced apart in the circumferential direction of the main body, and grooves for mud flow are formed between the protrusions. The diameter of the rotor body is less than or equal to the diameter of the stator body, the number of baffles is the same as the number of grooves, and the width of the baffle portion that blocks the groove is greater than or equal to the width of the groove. The baffle moves to adjust the overall diameter of the rotor, thereby adjusting the radial clearance between the stator and the rotor, and thus adjusting the degree to which the rotor blocks the grooves. The clearance is not zero. The rotor body rotates relative to the stator, and the baffles and grooves continuously correspond or misalign, generating pressure signals.

16. The diameter-adjustable pulse generator according to claim 15, characterized in that, The gap ranges from 0.05 to 10.0 mm.

17. The diameter-adjustable pulse generator according to claim 16, characterized in that, The pulse generator has a working state and an unlocked state. In the working state, the gap between the stator and the rotor is 0.05 to 1.0 mm, and in the unlocked state, the gap between the stator and the rotor is 1.0 to 10.0 mm.

18. The diameter-adjustable pulse generator according to claim 15, characterized in that, The pulse generator also includes a drill pipe sleeve, which is sleeved on the stator.

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