Gearbox with variable planetary structure

Abstract

The invention relates to the field of new energy automobile manufacturing, and particularly discloses a gearbox with a variable planetary structure, which comprises a shell, a planetary gear set mounted in the shell and a first motor for driving the planetary gear set to operate, and further comprises a filtering and lubricating system, the filtering and lubricating system comprises a rotating ring, a filter element and an oil pump, a rotating ring which is rotationally connected and has a horizontal axis is arranged in the shell; the bottom of the shell is provided with a temporary oil storage tank right opposite to the rotating ring. The liquid inlet end of the oil pump is connected into the temporary oil storage tank; the liquid outlet end of the oil pump is connected into one end, far away from the temporary oil storage tank, of the shell; a plurality of filter elements which are sequentially matched with the temporary oil storage tank are arranged in the circumferential direction of the rotating ring; the shell is provided with an access door right opposite to the rotating ring, and the height of the access door is larger than the highest liquid level of lubricating oil in the shell. The filter element can be maintained more conveniently and quickly.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of new energy vehicle manufacturing, and in particular to a transmission with a variable planetary structure. Background Technology

[0002] Currently, the transmission is one of the main components of a car's drivetrain. The actual driving conditions of a car are very complex, including starting, idling, low-speed or high-speed driving, acceleration, deceleration, climbing hills, and reversing. This requires the driving force and speed of the car to vary within a considerable range, while the output torque and speed of the widely used piston engines have a relatively small range of variation. To adapt to frequently changing driving conditions and to allow the engine to operate under favorable conditions (higher power, lower fuel consumption), a transmission is incorporated into the drivetrain.

[0003] In related technologies, lubrication of internal components is necessary for the smooth operation of various types of transmissions, including those used in new energy vehicles. During operation, transmissions inevitably generate impurities; if not filtered, these impurities circulate with the lubricating fluid, causing continuous damage to precision moving parts.

[0004] Currently, lubricant filtration is typically achieved by installing a built-in filtration system inside the transmission. This system continuously filters the lubricant to ensure its performance, reduce wear on moving parts, and extend the transmission's lifespan.

[0005] The aforementioned technologies have the following drawbacks: Current filtration systems are mainly divided into two types; one is to install the filter element at the bottom of the transmission, such as the "transmission housing with filtration function" of CN212407502U, which integrates the filter element at the bottom of the oil pan. Although it can contact settled impurities, it has a fatal flaw: during maintenance, all the lubricating fluid in the transmission (usually 10-15L) must be drained before the filter element can be removed. Even if the lubricating oil has not reached its replacement cycle, it still needs to be discarded, resulting in material waste and increased maintenance costs (an increase of 300-500 yuan per maintenance). Moreover, its single-sided fixed structure limits the filtration area (≤0.15㎡), making it prone to frequent maintenance needs due to impurity accumulation.

[0006] Secondly, some filters are located on top of the transmission or externally. For example, the "Transmission Lubrication and Filtration System" in CN117366211A places the filter module on top of the housing. While this makes disassembly convenient, metallic impurities (accounting for more than 60% of the total impurities in the transmission) settle to the oil pan due to gravity and cannot be captured by the top filter, resulting in wear on precision components such as the planetary gear set. Similarly, the lubrication mechanism in CN212985992U uses an external filter, which also suffers from insufficient impurity capture rate (≤55%).

[0007] In summary, current transmission filtration systems struggle to simultaneously meet the requirements of effectively capturing metallic impurities and being easy to maintain. During maintenance, they face the dual dilemma of troublesome filter maintenance and lubricant loss. Summary of the Invention

[0008] To facilitate convenient and quick maintenance of the filter element, this application provides a gearbox with a variable planetary structure.

[0009] The gearbox with a variable planetary structure provided in this application adopts the following technical solution: A gearbox with a variable planetary structure includes a housing, a planetary gear set mounted within the housing, and a first motor driving the planetary gear set. The gearbox is characterized by further including a filtering and lubrication system, the filtering and lubrication system comprising: An expanding ring is coaxially mounted at one end of the housing. The inner wall of the expanding ring is provided with a coaxial annular groove whose opening communicates with the inner cavity of the housing and a temporary oil storage tank located at the bottom of the annular groove. The temporary oil storage tank is located at the lowest position inside the housing. A rotating ring, which is coaxially and rotatably disposed within the annular groove; Multiple filter elements are distributed circumferentially on the rotating ring. The lubricating oil in the housing is filtered by the filter element at the lowest position and then flows into the temporary oil storage tank. A sealing plate is used to seal the liquid inlet of the filter element except for the lowest position, and the highest position of the sealing plate is higher than the highest level of lubricating oil in the housing; The inspection door is installed on the expansion ring and is located above the highest level of lubricating oil in the housing. By opening the inspection door, the filter element can be maintained. The oil pump has its inlet end connected to the temporary oil storage tank and its outlet end connected to the other end of the housing.

[0010] By adopting the above technical solution, when the transmission is running, the oil pump starts, drawing lubricating oil from the bottom of the housing to the lowest-positioned filter element. Impurities are intercepted by the filter element, and the filtered lubricating oil enters a temporary oil reservoir. It is then pumped to the other end of the housing by the oil pump, further lubricating components such as the planetary gear set inside the housing. The sealing plate only exposes the inlet of the lowest-positioned filter element, ensuring a seal for non-working filter elements and preventing unfiltered oil from directly contacting filter elements other than the lowest position. When the filter element in the temporary oil reservoir becomes clogged, as the rotating ring rotates, the remaining new filter elements can sequentially engage with the temporary oil reservoir, achieving continuous filtration and extending the service life of the filtration system. When filter element replacement is required, because the height of the access door is greater than the maximum lubricating oil level in the housing, the clogged filter element can be rotated to the access door, allowing for direct opening of the access door for disassembly and maintenance operations without worrying about lubricating oil spillage. This also avoids the current practice of draining all the lubricating fluid from the transmission before removing the filter element, regardless of whether the fluid needs to be replaced, making filter element maintenance convenient and quick.

[0011] Optionally, one end of the rotating ring is provided with an internal gear ring coaxially connected, and the top inner side of the internal gear ring is provided with a meshing drive gear, which is connected to a second motor mounted on the housing.

[0012] By adopting the above technical solution, the second motor drives the active gear to rotate, the active gear drives the meshing inner gear ring to rotate, and the rotating ring rotates synchronously with the inner gear ring, thereby realizing the rotational drive of the rotating ring.

[0013] Optionally, the sealing plate is provided with an oil outlet hole facing the temporary oil storage tank.

[0014] By adopting the above technical solution, the oil outlet, the filter element at the lowest position, and the temporary oil reservoir can form a vertically connected oil passage, which facilitates the smooth flow of lubricating oil through the oil outlet, the filter element at the lowest position, and the temporary oil reservoir.

[0015] Optionally, the oil outlet is located at the lowest position within the housing; Furthermore, the inner bottom of the shell on both sides of the sealing plate is inclined upward.

[0016] By adopting the above technical solution, the lubricating oil in the inner cavity of the housing naturally converges to the lowest oil outlet due to gravity, and then flows into the temporary oil storage tank of the annular groove in a directional manner, forming an oil path of "low-level convergence + precise flow guidance", ensuring that the lubricating oil in the housing enters the filtration system through the oil outlet to the maximum extent.

[0017] Optionally, the outer wall of the rotating ring is provided with a plurality of receiving grooves corresponding to the plurality of filter elements; The inlet of the filter element is located at the top of the receiving tank to receive the lubricating oil flowing out of the oil outlet. The opening of the lowest position of the receiving groove can communicate with the temporary oil storage tank.

[0018] By adopting the above technical solution, the filter elements are placed one-to-one in the tank, and the filter element inlet is installed at the top of the tank, thus realizing the installation of the filter elements. When the rotating ring rotates, as the tank aligns coaxially with the oil outlet, the lubricating oil flowing into the housing through the oil outlet enters the filter element directly opposite the oil outlet, and after filtration, flows to the temporary oil storage tank, thus achieving directional filtration.

[0019] Optionally, the filter element includes: Side filter screen, the side filter screen is tubular and is spaced apart in the receiving groove; A bottom filter screen is located at one end of the side filter screen; A constriction ring is located at the other end of the side filter screen plate; The oil inlet pipe has one end installed in the inner hole of the constriction ring and the other end located at the top of the receiving groove, used to receive the lubricating oil flowing out of the oil outlet.

[0020] By adopting the above technical solution, the filter tube, bottom filter plate, constriction ring, and oil inlet pipe form a constricted bottle-shaped filter element main structure, making it difficult for filter residue inside the filter element to escape from the liquid inlet. The side filter plates are spaced apart in the receiving groove to ensure that the oil outlet of the filter element is not obstructed.

[0021] Optionally, the inner walls of both the side filter plate and the bottom filter plate are provided with magnetic adsorption components.

[0022] By adopting the above technical solution, the magnetic adsorption component is used to adsorb fine metal debris in the lubricating fluid that is not easily intercepted by the filter element mesh.

[0023] Optionally, the oil inlet end of the oil inlet pipe is provided with a one-way valve, which can open towards the inside of the filter element under the oil pressure of the lubricating oil.

[0024] By adopting the above technical solution, when the filter element at the lowest position is blocked, the oil pump is turned off first. At this time, the one-way valve will close after it is no longer under the oil pressure at the oil outlet, thus preventing the filter residue from re-entering the lubricating fluid during the subsequent movement of the filter element. This makes it easier to move and maintain the blocked filter element at will.

[0025] Optionally, there are two one-way doors, which are symmetrically arranged at the oil inlet end of the oil inlet pipe; The opposite ends of the two one-way doors are both hinged to the oil inlet pipe; The opposite ends of the two one-way doors are each connected to the oil inlet pipe by a torsion spring; The two one-way doors are both inclined towards the inside of the filter element at opposite ends. The two one-way doors are provided with a limiting beam installed on the oil inlet pipe on the side away from the bottom filter screen plate; The opposite ends of the two one-way doors are in contact with the limiting beam.

[0026] By adopting the above technical solution, when the oil pump is turned on, the oil flows from the inlet pipe to the filter element under oil pressure. The pressure pushes open the one-way door (torsion spring deformation), allowing the oil to enter the filter element for purification. If the filter element in the temporary oil reservoir needs to be replaced, the oil pump stops, the torsion spring resets, causing the one-way door to close. The limiting beam restricts its transitional rotation, forming a one-way passage to prevent backflow of lubricating fluid and impurities inside the filter element. Then, according to actual needs, the rotating ring can be rotated to switch the filter element in the temporary oil reservoir or replace the filter element at the inspection door. The limiting beam is used to limit the reset position of the one-way door.

[0027] In summary, this application includes at least one of the following beneficial technical effects: 1. In this application, when replacing the filter element, the oil pump is turned off. At this time, under the restoring force of the torsion spring, the one-way door rotates and resets, pressing against the limiting beam, thereby sealing the liquid inlet of the filter element, i.e., the oil inlet pipe, to prevent filter residue from coming out of the filter element during subsequent movement. Then, the rotating ring is rotated to move the clogged filter element to the inspection hole. The inspection door is opened, and after removing the bolt connection between the side connecting rod and the rotating ring, the filter element is pulled out using the handle. Then, the new filter element is installed in the receiving groove, and the inspection door is closed. Since the inspection door is located above the oil level inside the housing, it is not necessary to drain the lubricating oil before opening the inspection door to replace the filter element. This also avoids oil leakage at the bottom of the housing due to the inspection door.

[0028] 2. In this application, since multiple filter elements are provided on the circumference of the rotating ring, and the oil passage is not smooth, if it is inconvenient to replace the filter elements by disassembly and assembly, or if all the filter elements have not been used up and it is not desired to replace the filter elements temporarily, the rotating ring can be directly driven to rotate a certain angle so that the adjacent and new filter elements are aligned with the oil outlet and temporary oil reservoir. In this way, the filter elements at the oil outlet and temporary oil reservoir can be replaced with new ones without disassembling and installing new filter elements. Attached Figure Description

[0029] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of this application, the accompanying drawings used in the description of the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the accompanying drawings described below are only some embodiments of this application. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0030] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of a gearbox with a variable planetary structure according to an embodiment of this application; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the axial cross-sectional structure of a gearbox with a variable planetary structure according to an embodiment of this application; Figure 3 This is a radial cross-sectional view of the expansion ring portion in an embodiment of this application; Figure 4 yes Figure 3 An enlarged schematic diagram of part A in the middle; Figure 5 This is a top view of the overall structure of the filter element; Figure 6 This is a bottom view of the overall structure of the filter element; Figure 7 It is a schematic diagram of the combined structure of the rotating ring, internal gear ring, driving gear, and second motor.

[0031] Figure label: 1. Housing; 11. Planetary gear set; 12. First motor; 2. Filtration and lubrication system; 21. Expanding ring; 2101. Annular groove; 2102. Temporary oil reservoir; 2103. Inspection hole; 22. Inspection door; 23. Sealing plate; 2301. Oil outlet; 24. Rotary ring; 2401. Receiving groove; 241. Internal gear ring; 242. Drive gear; 243. Second motor; 25. Filter element; 251. Side filter screen; 252. Bottom filter screen; 253. Narrowing ring; 254. Oil inlet pipe; 255. One-way door; 256. Torsion spring; 257. Limiting beam; 258. Side connecting rod; 259. Handle; 250. Magnetic adsorption component; 26. Oil pump; 261. Oil outlet pipe. Detailed Implementation

[0032] The following is in conjunction with the appendix Figure 1-7 This application will be described in further detail.

[0033] This application discloses a gearbox with a variable planetary structure.

[0034] Reference Figure 1 and Figure 2 A gearbox with a variable planetary structure includes a housing 1, a planetary gear set 11 installed in the housing 1, and a first motor 12 that drives the planetary gear set 11 to operate. Here, the planetary gear set 11 and the first motor 12 are both prior art.

[0035] Reference Figure 1 , Figure 2 and Figure 3A gearbox with a variable planetary structure also includes a filtration and lubrication system 2. The filtration and lubrication system 2 is disposed on one side of the housing 1. The filtration and lubrication system 2 includes an expansion ring 21, an inspection door 22, a sealing plate 23, a rotating ring 24, a filter element 25, and an oil pump 26. The expansion ring 21 is a circular ring and is sleeved on the housing 1. The expansion ring 21 is coaxially arranged with the planetary gear set 11, and the axis of the expansion ring 21 is horizontal. The expansion ring 21 and the housing 1 are integrally formed.

[0036] Reference Figure 2 , Figure 3 and Figure 4 The inner wall of the expanding ring 21 has a coaxial annular groove 2101, and the opening of the annular groove 2101 communicates with the inner cavity of the housing 1. A temporary oil reservoir 2102 is provided at the bottom of the lowest position of the annular groove 2101. An inspection hole 2103 is provided at the upper part of the annular groove 2101. The height of the inspection hole 2103 must be greater than the maximum level of lubricating oil injected into the inner cavity of the housing 1. For example, the lubricating oil level in the conventional housing 1 is generally between 1 / 3 and 2 / 3 of the inner cavity height of the housing 1. Therefore, the height of the inspection hole 2103 needs to be greater than 2 / 3 of the inner cavity height of the housing 1. However, in actual application, the actual maximum lubricating oil level of the corresponding model of transmission should be used as the standard to ensure that when the vehicle is parked horizontally, the lubricating oil will not flow out of the inspection hole 2103 due to its low height. An inspection door 22 is installed on the housing 1 at the location of the inspection hole 2103 to seal the inspection hole 2103.

[0037] Reference Figure 2 , Figure 3 and Figure 4 The sealing plate 23 is located inside the opening of the annular groove 2101. Both ends of the sealing plate 23 in the width direction are connected to the inner walls of the housing 1 on both sides of the annular groove 2101, and both ends of the sealing plate 23 in the width direction are sealed to the housing 1. An oil outlet 2301 is provided at the lowest position of the sealing plate 23, directly opposite the temporary oil reservoir 2102. To ensure that all lubricating oil in the housing 1 can pass through the oil outlet 2301, refer to... Figure 2The inner bottom of the housing 1 on both sides of the sealing plate 23 should be inclined upwards so that the oil outlet 2301 is at the lowest position of the inner cavity of the housing 1, and both ends of the sealing plate 23 in the width direction should smoothly transition with the inner wall of the housing 1. Both ends of the sealing plate 23 in the length direction should be higher than the highest level of lubricating oil in the housing 1, and should not seal the top opening of the annular groove 2101. Specifically, the width direction of the sealing plate 23 is the axial direction of the housing 1, and the sealing plate 23 is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the housing 1. The cross-sectional shape of the sealing plate 23 is not limited, as long as it can block the other receiving grooves 2401 except for the lowest position, and the highest position of the sealing plate 23 should be higher than the highest level of lubricating oil in the housing 1. Preferably, the cross-sectional shape of the sealing plate 23 is U-shaped or crescent-shaped.

[0038] Reference Figure 2 , Figure 3 and Figure 4 A rotating ring 24 is provided coaxially within the annular groove 2101 between the sealing plate 23 and the expanding ring 21. The rotating ring 24 is located outside the groove opening of the annular groove 2101 and can rotate relative to the expanding ring 21 and the sealing plate 23.

[0039] Reference Figure 2 and Figure 7 An internal gear ring 241, coaxially mounted on the inner side of the end of the rotating ring 24 furthest from the housing 1, is fixedly connected to the rotating ring 24 coaxially. A meshing drive gear 242 is located on the top inner side of the internal gear ring 241. The drive gear 242 is driven by a second motor 243. The sealing and other structures involved in the installation of the second motor 243 can be installed using conventional methods that conform to gearbox production standards. Here, besides being coaxially connected to the rotating ring 24 and meshing with the drive gear 242, the internal gear ring 241 does not contact any other components. This prevents the internal gear ring 241 from being affected by other components outside the rotating ring 24 and the drive gear 242, ensuring smooth drive of the rotating ring 24. Specifically, the second motor 243 drives the drive gear 242, which in turn drives the internal gear ring 241. The rotating ring 24 and the internal gear ring 241 rotate synchronously, thus achieving rotational drive of the rotating ring 24.

[0040] Reference Figure 2 , Figure 3 and Figure 4The outer wall of the rotating ring 24 is provided with a plurality of radially arranged receiving grooves 2401. The plurality of receiving grooves 2401 are evenly spaced along the circumference of the rotating ring 24. By rotating the rotating ring 24, the plurality of receiving grooves 2401 are sequentially engaged with the oil outlet 2301 and the temporary oil storage tank 2102. For example, when a receiving groove 2401 is exactly at the lowest position of the rotating ring 24, the receiving groove 2401, the temporary oil storage tank 2102 and the oil outlet 2301 can be coaxially connected to form a vertical oil channel. In order to ensure the smoothness of the vertical oil channel, the inner diameter of the vertical oil channel needs to be equal or increasing from top to bottom. Therefore, the inner diameter of the receiving groove 2401 is greater than or equal to the inner diameter of the oil outlet 2301, and the inner diameter of the temporary oil storage tank 2102 is greater than or equal to the inner diameter of the receiving groove 2401.

[0041] Reference Figure 3 , Figure 4 , Figure 5 and Figure 6 Each receiving slot 2401 contains a filter element 25, which includes a side filter screen 251, a bottom filter screen 252, a constriction ring 253, and an oil inlet pipe 254. (Refer to...) Figure 5 and Figure 6 Here, the side filter plate 251 is a rectangular tubular filter. In other embodiments, the side filter plate 251 can also be a round tube, a prismatic tube, or other various shapes of filter. The tubular side filter plates 251 are coaxially spaced within the receiving groove 2401. The upper end of the side filter plate 251 is provided with a coaxial constriction ring 253. The inner hole of the constriction ring 253 is fitted with an oil inlet pipe 254 for communicating with the oil outlet 2301. The lower end of the side filter plate 251 is provided with a bottom filter plate 252. Thus, the side filter plate 251, the bottom filter plate 252, the constriction ring 253, and the oil inlet pipe 254 form a constricted bottle-shaped filter element 25 main body structure. This structure makes it difficult for filter residue to come out from the liquid inlet, i.e., the oil inlet pipe 254, of the filter element 25 main body structure when the filter element 25 moves. To ensure a more secure installation of the filter element 25, multiple side connecting rods 258 are provided on the side wall of the filter element 25, and the side connecting rods 258 are connected to the rotating ring 24 by bolts.

[0042] Reference Figure 3 , Figure 4 , Figure 5 and Figure 6During gearbox operation, the lubricating oil impurities mainly consist of solid impurities, primarily metal shavings generated by components such as the planetary gear set 11. The main structure of the filter element 25 primarily filters larger solid impurities in the lubricating oil, while smaller metal shavings are removed by magnetic adsorption. Here, magnetic adsorption elements 250 are spaced apart on the inner walls of the side filter screen 251, the bottom filter screen 252, and the constriction ring 253. When the main structure of the filter element 25 at the oil outlet 2301 becomes clogged and needs cleaning or replacement, the second motor 243 drives the rotating ring 24 to rotate, moving the clogged filter element 25 to the inspection hole 2103, where it can be removed by opening the inspection door 22. To facilitate the movement of the filter element 25, a handle 259 is provided on the back of the bottom filter screen 252.

[0043] Reference Figure 3 , Figure 4 and Figure 5 To further prevent filter residue from exiting the inlet of filter element 25 during its movement, two one-way valves 255 are symmetrically arranged at the oil inlet end of oil inlet pipe 254. The opposite ends of the two one-way valves 255 are hinged to oil inlet pipe 254, and a torsion spring 256 connects the one-way valves 255 to oil inlet pipe 254. Specifically, the one-way valves 255 are hinged to the outer top of oil inlet pipe 254 using conventional hinges. A torsion spring 256 is fitted onto the pivot portion of the hinge. One torsion arm of the torsion spring 256 is connected to the one-way valve 255, and the other torsion arm is connected to oil inlet pipe 254. Thus, when the one-way valve 255 is not under lubricating oil pressure, the torsion spring 256 can apply an upward rotational torque to the one-way valve 255 for reset. The opposite ends of the two one-way valves 255 are inclined towards the bottom filter screen plate 252. Two one-way doors 255 are provided with a limiting beam 257 installed on the top of the oil inlet pipe 254 on the side away from the bottom filter screen 252. The opposite ends of the two one-way doors 255 are in contact with the limiting beam 257.

[0044] Reference Figure 1 The bottom of the temporary oil storage tank 2102 is connected to the oil pump 26 via the oil outlet pipe 261. The oil outlet of the oil pump 26 is connected to the inner cavity of the housing 1 away from the oil outlet hole 2301 via the return pipe. The oil outlet of the oil pump 26 is also equipped with a hydraulic oil pressure gauge. By measuring the oil pressure changes, it is determined whether the oil circulation is obstructed, that is, whether the filter element 25 is clogged. Specifically, if the oil circulation is obstructed, the oil pressure is too high; if the circulation is smooth, the oil pressure is within the acceptable range.

[0045] Reference Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 3 and Figure 4When filter element 25 is working, under the pressure of lubricating oil and the suction of oil pump 26, the one-way valve 255 at oil outlet 2301 rotates downward and opens, allowing lubricating oil to flow smoothly into filter element 25, thereby achieving filtration of the lubricating oil. Figure 1 The inlet pipe of oil pump 26 has arrows indicating the direction of lubricating oil flow. Figure 2 The markings indicate the flow direction of lubricating oil in the vertical oil channel formed by the oil outlet 2301, the receiving groove 2401, and the temporary oil storage groove 2102. When cleaning or replacing the filter element 25, the oil pump 26 is turned off. At this time, under the return force of the torsion spring 256, the one-way door 255 rotates and resets, pressing against the limiting beam 257, thereby sealing the liquid inlet of the filter element 25, i.e., the oil inlet pipe 254, to prevent filter residue from coming out of the filter element 25 during subsequent movement. Then, the second motor 243 drives the rotating ring 24 to rotate, moving the blocked filter element 25 to the inspection hole 2103. After opening the inspection door 22 and removing the bolt connection between the side connecting rod 258 and the rotating ring 24, the filter element 25 can be pulled out using the handle 259. Since the access door 22 is located above the oil level inside the housing 1, the filter element 25 can be replaced directly by opening the access door 22 without draining the lubricating oil, which also avoids oil leakage at the bottom of the housing 1 due to the access door 22.

[0046] Furthermore, since multiple filter elements 25 are provided around the circumference of the rotating ring 24, when the oil passage is blocked, if it is inconvenient to replace the filter elements 25 by disassembly or assembly, or if all the filter elements 25 have not been used up and it is not desired to replace them temporarily, the rotating ring 24 can be directly driven by the second motor 243 to rotate a certain angle, so that the adjacent and new filter elements 25 are aligned with the oil outlet 2301 and the temporary oil reservoir 2102. In this way, the filter elements 25 at the oil outlet 2301 and the temporary oil reservoir 2102 can be replaced with new ones without disassembling and installing new filter elements 25.

[0047] Unless otherwise defined, the technical or scientific terms used in this application shall have the ordinary meaning understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this application pertains. The terms "first," "second," "third," and similar terms used in this application specification and claims do not indicate any order, quantity, or importance, but are merely used to distinguish different components. The terms "an" or "a" and similar terms do not indicate a quantity limitation, but rather indicate the presence of at least one. The terms "comprising" or "including" and similar terms mean that the elements or objects preceding "comprising" or "including" encompass the elements or objects listed following "comprising" or "including" and their equivalents, and do not exclude other elements or objects. "Above," "below," "left," "right," etc., are used only to indicate relative positional relationships; when the absolute position of the described object changes, the relative positional relationship may also change accordingly.

[0048] The above are all optional embodiments of this application and are not intended to limit the scope of protection of this application. Therefore, all equivalent changes made in accordance with the structure, shape and principle of this application should be covered within the scope of protection of this application.

Claims

1. A gearbox with a variable planetary structure, comprising a housing (1), a planetary gear set (11) mounted within the housing (1), and a first motor (12) for driving the planetary gear set (11), characterized in that: It also includes a filtration lubrication system (2), which comprises: An expansion ring (21) is coaxially installed at one end of the housing (1). The inner wall of the expansion ring (21) is provided with an annular groove (2101) that is coaxial and whose opening communicates with the inner cavity of the housing (1) and a temporary oil storage tank (2102) located at the bottom of the annular groove (2101). The temporary oil storage tank (2102) is located at the lowest position inside the housing (1). A rotating ring (24) is coaxially and rotatably disposed within the annular groove (2101); Multiple filter elements (25) are distributed circumferentially on the rotating ring (24). The lubricating oil in the housing (1) is filtered by the filter element (25) at the lowest position and then flows into the temporary oil storage tank (2102). A sealing plate (23) is used to seal the liquid inlet of the filter element (25) except for the lowest position, and the highest position of the sealing plate (23) is higher than the highest level of lubricating oil in the housing (1); The inspection door (22) is installed on the expansion ring (21) and is located above the highest level of lubricating oil in the housing (1). By opening the inspection door (22), the filter element (25) can be maintained. The oil pump (26) has its inlet end connected to the temporary oil storage tank (2102) and its outlet end connected to the other end of the housing (1).

2. A gearbox with a variable planetary structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: One end of the rotating ring (24) is provided with an internal gear ring (241) coaxially connected. The inner top of the internal gear ring (241) is provided with a meshing drive gear (242). The drive gear (242) is connected to a second motor (243) installed on the housing (1).

3. A gearbox with a variable planetary structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The sealing plate (23) is provided with an oil outlet (2301) facing the temporary oil storage tank (2102).

4. A gearbox with a variable planetary structure according to claim 3, characterized in that: The oil outlet (2301) is located at the lowest position inside the housing (1); Furthermore, the inner bottom of the shell (1) on both sides of the sealing plate (23) is inclined upward.

5. A gearbox with a variable planetary structure according to claim 3, characterized in that: The outer wall of the rotating ring (24) is provided with a plurality of receiving grooves (2401) corresponding to the plurality of filter elements (25). The inlet of the filter element (25) is located at the top of the receiving tank (2401) to receive the lubricating oil flowing out of the oil outlet (2301); The opening of the lowest position of the receiving tank (2401) can communicate with the temporary oil storage tank (2102).

6. A gearbox with a variable planetary structure according to claim 5, characterized in that: The filter element (25) includes: Side filter screen (251), the side filter screen (251) is tubular and is spaced apart in the receiving groove (2401); A bottom filter plate (252) is provided at one end of the side filter plate (251); A constriction ring (253) is provided at the other end of the side filter plate (251); The oil inlet pipe (254) is installed at one end in the inner hole of the constriction ring (253) and at the other end at the top of the receiving groove (2401) to receive the lubricating oil flowing out of the oil outlet (2301).

7. A gearbox with a variable planetary structure according to claim 6, characterized in that: The inner walls of the side filter plate (251) and the bottom filter plate (252) are provided with magnetic adsorption components (250).

8. A gearbox with a variable planetary structure according to claim 6, characterized in that: The oil inlet pipe (254) is provided with a one-way valve (255) at the oil inlet end, which can open towards the inside of the filter element (25) under the oil pressure of the lubricating oil.

9. A gearbox with a variable planetary structure according to claim 8, characterized in that: There are two one-way doors (255), and the two one-way doors (255) are symmetrically arranged at the oil inlet end of the oil inlet pipe (254); The two one-way doors (255) are hinged to the oil inlet pipe (254) at opposite ends; The two one-way doors (255) are connected to the oil inlet pipe (254) by torsion springs (256) at opposite ends. The two one-way doors (255) are both inclined towards the inside of the filter element (25) at opposite ends; The two one-way doors (255) are provided with a limiting beam (257) installed on the oil inlet pipe (254) on the side away from the bottom filter screen plate (252). The opposite ends of the two one-way doors (255) are in contact with the limiting beam (257).

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