Pull rope type soil body layered settlement automatic measuring device and method in water transportation engineering

Abstract

The invention provides a stay rope type soil body layered settlement automatic measuring device and method in water transportation engineering. The stay rope type soil body layered settlement automatic measuring device comprises a settlement assembly, a transmission assembly and a measuring and reading assembly. The settlement assembly comprises a plurality of settlement pipes and a plurality of settlement rings, the settlement rings are arranged on the peripheral surfaces of the settlement pipes in a sleeving mode, and the settlement rings are located in soil body layers with different elevations; the settlement ring is connected with the measuring and reading assembly through the transmission assembly; when the soil body settles, the settlement ring in the soil body layer settles along with the soil body, and the settlement displacement is transmitted to the measuring and reading assembly through the transmission assembly. The settlement ring is arranged on the peripheral face of the settlement pipe in a sleeving mode, the settlement ring can move in the axial direction of the settlement pipe, and meanwhile the settlement ring is embedded into a soil body layer. When the soil layering settles, the settlement ring settles along with the soil so as to feed back to the measuring and reading assembly through the transmission assembly, and the measuring and reading assembly measures and calculates the settlement amount of the soil layering according to the feedback information.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to a device and method for measuring the vertical displacement of soil layers in waterway engineering, and particularly to an automated device and method for measuring the layered settlement of soil using a rope-pulling method in waterway engineering. Background Technology

[0002] In the field of waterway engineering construction, soil stratified settlement monitoring is widely used in foundation treatment projects, deep foundation pits or slopes, etc. By monitoring the vertical displacement of soil layers at different depths, accurate guidance and judgment can be made on the progress, quality and safety of the project construction.

[0003] Compared to traditional engineering fields such as construction and highways, waterway engineering faces more complex geological conditions, resulting in significantly larger stratified soil settlement and displacement during foundation treatment. Since waterway projects are often built in soft soil foundation areas, the stratified soil settlement and displacement can reach approximately 1 meter due to water loads, tidal effects, and construction disturbances, far exceeding the conventional settlement amounts in other engineering fields. This places extremely high demands on the range and accuracy of settlement monitoring devices.

[0004] Currently, existing soil stratified settlement monitoring technologies on the market have many limitations. Traditional manual monitoring methods, such as using stratified settlement markers in conjunction with leveling instruments, are not only inefficient but also highly susceptible to human error and environmental interference, making it difficult to achieve high-frequency, continuous monitoring and resulting in extremely limited data acquisition. This fails to meet the urgent needs of waterway engineering for real-time performance and accuracy. Existing automated monitoring sensors are mostly designed for conventional engineering scenarios, with generally small measurement ranges, making them unsuitable for monitoring the significant settlement in waterway engineering. Even some sensors with larger measurement ranges suffer from insufficient accuracy and poor stability, making long-term stable operation difficult in the complex environment of waterway engineering. With digital and intelligent construction becoming the industry trend, the development of a soil stratified settlement monitoring device suitable for waterway engineering, possessing a large measurement range, high precision, and capable of automated measurement, is urgently needed. Summary of the Invention

[0005] In view of the shortcomings of the prior art described above, the purpose of this invention is to provide an automated measurement device and method for layered soil settlement using a rope-operated method in waterway engineering, which solves the problems of limited data acquisition by manual monitoring in the prior art, and the small range, insufficient accuracy, and poor stability of existing automated monitoring sensors.

[0006] To achieve the above and other related objectives, this invention provides an automated measurement device for layered soil settlement using a rope-operated method in waterway engineering. The device includes a settlement component, a transmission component, and a reading component. The settlement component comprises several settlement tubes and several settlement rings, with the settlement rings fitted onto the outer circumference of the settlement tubes and positioned in soil layers at different elevations. The settlement rings are connected to the reading component via the transmission component. When the soil settles, the settlement rings in the soil layers follow the soil settlement, transmitting the settlement displacement to the reading component via the transmission component.

[0007] Preferably, a groove is provided along the axial direction on the outer circumferential surface of the settling pipe, and a connecting plate is provided on the settling ring. The connecting plate can move axially along the groove. A connecting plate through hole is provided on the connecting plate, and the transmission assembly is connected to the settling ring through the connecting plate through hole and the connecting plate.

[0008] Preferably, the settling ring has a connecting plate mounting hole, the connecting plate has a connecting plate fixing hole, the connecting plate mounting hole and the connecting plate fixing hole are aligned, and fasteners are inserted through both.

[0009] Preferably, the settlement ring is further provided with a plurality of anchor claws; one end of the plurality of anchor claws is circumferentially and evenly disposed on the end face of the settlement ring, and the other end extends outward along the radial direction of the settlement ring.

[0010] Preferably, the settlement ring has an anchor claw mounting hole, and one end of the anchor claw has an anchor claw fixing hole. The anchor claw mounting hole and the anchor claw fixing hole are aligned, and fasteners are inserted through both.

[0011] Preferably, two adjacent settling pipes are connected by a settling pipe joint, wherein the diameter of the settling pipe joint is larger than the diameter of the settling pipe.

[0012] Preferably, the transmission assembly includes a plurality of traction ropes and a dividing plate. The dividing plate is disposed on the inner wall of both ends of the settling pipe. The dividing plate has a plurality of dividing plate through holes. One end of the traction rope is connected to the measuring assembly, and the other end passes through the dividing plate through hole and is connected to the settling ring.

[0013] Preferably, it also includes a collection box, which includes a box body, a connecting pipe, and a connecting pipe flange. The connecting pipe is disposed on the bottom end face of the box body and communicates with the internal space of the box body. The connecting pipe flange is disposed on the bottom end face of the connecting pipe and is connected to the top end face of the settling pipe.

[0014] Preferably, the transmission assembly further includes several guide wheels, which are disposed inside the housing; the reading assembly is disposed in the acquisition box, and the reading assembly includes a processor, an information transmission unit, and several displacement gauges, wherein the processor is communicatively connected to the information transmission unit and the several displacement gauges; the end of the traction rope away from the settlement ring passes through the guide wheels and is connected to the displacement gauges.

[0015] To achieve the above or other objectives, this invention also discloses an automated method for measuring layered soil settlement using a rope-operated system in waterway engineering. The method employs the aforementioned automated measurement device for layered soil settlement using a rope-operated system in waterway engineering, and the steps are as follows:

[0016] S1: Drill a hole in the soil to be tested;

[0017] S2: Several settling rings are fitted onto the outer circumference of the settling pipe;

[0018] S3: Connect the end of the transmission assembly furthest from the reading assembly to the settling ring;

[0019] S4: Insert the settlement tube into the hole drilled in the soil, and embed several settlement rings into each soil layer to be tested;

[0020] S5: Connect the end of the transmission assembly furthest from the settling ring to the reading assembly;

[0021] S6: When each soil layer to be tested settles, the settlement ring follows the settlement of each soil layer to be tested, and the settlement amount is fed back to the reading component through the transmission component.

[0022] As described above, the automated measurement device and method for layered soil settlement using a rope-operated method in waterway engineering, as disclosed in this invention, has the following beneficial effects:

[0023] 1. In this invention, a settlement ring is fitted onto the outer circumference of the settlement pipe. The settlement ring can move axially along the settlement pipe and is embedded in the soil layers. When soil layer settlement occurs, the settlement ring follows the soil settlement and feeds back to the measuring component via a transmission assembly. The measuring component calculates the settlement amount of the soil layer based on the feedback information. Converting the settlement amount into an electronic reading of the measuring component improves measurement accuracy and precision. The invention offers high monitoring accuracy and sensitivity, strong stability, and convenient installation.

[0024] 2. The present invention has dividing plates at both ends of the settlement pipe, and several dividing plate through holes are opened on the dividing plate. The traction rope on each settlement ring is threaded through an independent dividing plate through hole. When the settlement ring settles with the soil in layers, the traction ropes will not be entangled, thus ensuring the validity of the measurement data.

[0025] 3. The design of the data acquisition box of this invention can accommodate up to 12 displacement gauges, which can meet the monitoring needs of projects with thick soft soil layers.

[0026] 4. The guide wheel of the present invention can reduce the friction between the traction rope and the component, and can also adjust the angle of the displacement meter measuring rope, making the results more accurate. Attached Figure Description

[0027] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the settlement tube structure in the rope-operated automated soil layer settlement measurement device for waterway engineering of the present invention;

[0028] Figure 2 for Figure 1 Enlarged view of point A in the middle;

[0029] Figure 3 for Figure 1 Enlarged view of point B in the middle;

[0030] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the dividing plate in the rope-type automated soil layer settlement measurement device for waterway engineering of the present invention;

[0031] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the settlement ring structure in the rope-type automated soil layered settlement measurement device for waterway engineering of the present invention;

[0032] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the annular structure in the rope-operated automated soil layered settlement measurement device for waterway engineering of the present invention;

[0033] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the connecting plate in the rope-operated automated soil layer settlement measurement device for waterway engineering of the present invention;

[0034] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the settlement pipe joint in the rope-type automated soil layered settlement measurement device for waterway engineering of the present invention.

[0035] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the connection between adjacent settlement pipes in the rope-type automated soil layered settlement measurement device for waterway engineering of the present invention.

[0036] Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of the first angle of the data acquisition box in the rope-operated automated soil layered settlement measurement device for waterway engineering of the present invention.

[0037] Figure 11 This is a schematic diagram of the second angle of the data acquisition box in the rope-type automated soil layered settlement measurement device for waterway engineering of the present invention.

[0038] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached figures:

[0039] 1. Settlement pipe; 11. Slide chute; 12. Joint connection hole; 2. Settlement ring; 21. Ring body; 211. Connecting plate mounting hole; 212. Anchor claw mounting hole; 22. Anchor claw; 23. Connecting plate; 231. First end plate; 232. Intermediate plate; 233. Second end plate; 234. Connecting plate fixing hole; 235. Connecting plate through hole; 3. Divider plate; 31. Divider plate through hole; 4. Settlement pipe joint; 41. Joint through hole; 5. Fastener; 6. Box body; 61. Connecting pipe; 62. Connecting pipe flange; 63. Reinforcing rib plate; 64. Guide wheel; 7. Mounting base plate; 71. Information transmission unit; 72. Processor; 73. Displacement gauge; 8. Traction rope. Detailed Implementation

[0040] The following specific embodiments illustrate the implementation of the present invention. Those skilled in the art can easily understand other advantages and effects of the present invention from the content disclosed in this specification.

[0041] It should be understood that the structures, proportions, sizes, etc., illustrated in the accompanying drawings of this specification are merely for illustrative purposes to aid those skilled in the art and are not intended to limit the scope of the invention. Therefore, they have no substantial technical significance. Any modifications to the structure, changes in proportions, or adjustments to size, without affecting the effectiveness and purpose of the invention, should still fall within the scope of the technical content disclosed in this invention. Furthermore, the terms such as "upper," "lower," "left," "right," "middle," and "one" used in this specification are merely for clarity and are not intended to limit the scope of the invention. Changes or adjustments to their relative relationships, without substantially altering the technical content, should also be considered within the scope of the invention's implementation.

[0042] like Figures 1-11 As shown, the present invention provides an automated measurement device for layered soil settlement using a rope-operated method in waterway engineering, comprising a settlement component, a transmission component, and a reading component. The settlement component includes several settlement tubes 1 and several settlement rings 2, which are fitted onto the outer circumference of the settlement tubes 1 and are located in soil layers at different elevations. The settlement rings 2 are connected to the reading component through the transmission component. When the soil settles, the settlement rings 2 located in the soil layers settle with the soil and transmit the settlement displacement to the reading component through the transmission component.

[0043] This invention relates to a rope-operated automated soil settlement measurement device for waterway engineering. A settlement ring 2 is anchored in soil layers at different elevations, and the settlement ring 2 is connected to a reading component via a transmission assembly. When soil settlement occurs, the settlement ring 2 settles along with the soil, moving axially downwards within the settlement tube 1. The settlement amount of the settlement ring 2 is fed back to the reading component via the transmission assembly. The reading component reads and displays the settlement amount based on the feedback information. This invention solves the problems of existing manual monitoring methods being susceptible to human error and environmental interference, as well as the low accuracy and poor stability of existing automated monitoring sensors.

[0044] Preferred, such as Figure 1 , Figure 5 , Figure 7 As shown, a groove 11 is provided along the axial direction on the outer circumferential surface of the settling pipe 1, and a connecting plate 23 is provided on the settling ring 2. The connecting plate 23 can move along the axial direction of the groove 11. A connecting plate through hole 235 is provided on the connecting plate 23, and the transmission component is connected to the settling ring 2 through the connecting plate through hole 235 and the connecting plate 23.

[0045] Furthermore, in this embodiment, there are two chutes 11, symmetrically arranged on both sides of the central axis of the settlement pipe 1. The axial extension length of the chutes 11 depends on the estimated settlement of the soil layer. The edges of the chutes 11 should be polished smooth to reduce the friction between the chutes 11 and the connecting plate 23.

[0046] Preferred, such as Figures 5-7 As shown, the settling ring 2 has a connecting plate mounting hole 211 on the ring body 21 and a connecting plate fixing hole 234 on the connecting plate 23. The connecting plate mounting hole 211 and the connecting plate fixing hole 234 are aligned, and fasteners 5 are inserted through them.

[0047] Furthermore, in this embodiment, there are two sets of connecting plate mounting holes 211, with two holes in each set, for a total of four connecting plate mounting holes 211. The two sets of connecting plate mounting holes 211 are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the central axis of the settling pipe 1, so that when the connecting plate 23 is fastened to the settling ring 2, the connecting plate 23 can move along the sliding groove 11.

[0048] Furthermore, such as Figure 5 , Figure 7As shown, the connecting plate 23 includes a first end plate 231, a second end plate 233, and an intermediate plate 232. The intermediate plate 232 is disposed between the first end plate 231 and the second end plate 233, and the first end plate 231 and the second end plate 233 are symmetrical about the center line of the intermediate plate 232. The end faces of the first end plate 231 and the second end plate 233 away from the intermediate plate 232 are both arc-shaped. When the connecting plate 23 is installed on the ring body 21 of the settling ring 2, the end faces of the first end plate 231 and the second end plate 233 are aligned with the outer peripheral surface of the settling ring 2, and the intermediate plate 232 can move in the sliding groove 11. A through hole 235 is formed in the intermediate plate 232 for connecting the traction rope 8.

[0049] Preferred, such as Figure 5 , Figure 6 As shown, the settlement ring 2 has several anchor claws 22 on its ring body 21; one end of each anchor claw 22 is circumferentially and evenly distributed on the end face of the ring body 21 of the settlement ring 2, and the other end extends radially outward along the ring body 21 of the settlement ring 2. In this embodiment, the settlement ring 2 has anchor claw mounting holes 212, and one end of each anchor claw 22 has an anchor claw fixing hole. The anchor claw mounting holes 212 and the anchor claw fixing holes are aligned, and fasteners 5 are inserted through them. In this embodiment, the anchor claws 22 are made of steel sheets.

[0050] Preferred, such as Figure 2 , Figure 3 , Figure 8 , Figure 9 As shown, two adjacent settling pipes 1 are connected by a settling pipe connector 4, the diameter of which is larger than that of the settling pipe 1. In this embodiment, a connector through hole 41 is radially provided on the settling pipe connector 4, and connector connection holes 12 are radially provided on the outer circumferential surface of the bottom and top ends of the settling pipe 1. The connector through hole 41 and the connector connection hole 12 are aligned, and a fastener 5 passes between them. In other embodiments, the settling pipe connector 4 can also adopt other quick-connect methods, such as spring ball engagement, threaded engagement, etc. The bottom end of the lowest settling pipe 1 is sealed or tapered to facilitate insertion into the rotating hole.

[0051] To describe the specific structure of the settlement assembly in more detail, this application discloses an embodiment: The settlement pipe 1 is made of galvanized steel pipe, with an inner diameter of 55mm and an outer diameter of 59mm. The width of the sliding groove 11 is 20mm. The connecting plate 23 is made of stainless steel, with a length of 59.3mm and a width of 18mm for the intermediate plate 232. The settlement ring 2 is made of stainless steel, with an inner diameter of 62mm and an outer diameter of 92mm for the ring body 21. There are four anchor claws 22, each with an outward extension dimension of 10mm x 120mm.

[0052] Preferred, such as Figures 2-11 As shown, the transmission assembly includes several traction ropes 8 and a dividing plate 3. The dividing plate 3 is disposed on the inner wall of the top and bottom ends of the settling pipe 1. The dividing plate 3 has several dividing plate through holes 31. The top end of the traction rope 8 is connected to the measuring component, and the bottom end of the traction rope 8 passes through the dividing plate through hole 31 and connects to the connecting plate through hole 235. In this embodiment, the dividing plate 3 is disposed on the inner wall of both ends of the settling pipe 1, and the dividing plate 3 has several dividing plate through holes 31. The traction rope 8 passes through the dividing plate through holes 31. This can avoid the traction ropes 8 from tangling during installation and during the axial movement of the settling ring 2, effectively avoiding invalid data.

[0053] Preferred, such as Figure 10 , Figure 11 As shown, it also includes a data collection box, which comprises a box body 6, a connecting pipe 61, and a connecting pipe flange 62. The connecting pipe 61 is located on the bottom end face of the box body 6, and the top end of the connecting pipe 61 communicates with the internal space of the box body 6. The connecting pipe flange 62 is located on the bottom end face of the connecting pipe 61, and the connecting pipe flange 62 is connected to the top end face of the settling pipe 1. To ensure the connection strength between the connecting pipe 61 and the box body 6, a reinforcing rib plate 63 is also provided between the connecting pipe 61 and the box body 6.

[0054] Preferred, such as Figure 10 , Figure 11 As shown, the transmission assembly also includes several guide wheels 64, which are disposed within the housing 6. The reading assembly is disposed within the data acquisition box and includes a processor 72, an information transmission unit 71, and several displacement gauges 73. The processor 72 is communicatively connected to the information transmission unit 71 and the displacement gauges 73. The end of the traction rope 8 away from the settling ring 2 passes through the guide wheels 64 and connects to the displacement gauges 73. Additionally, the housing 6 also contains a power supply assembly for supplying power to the processor 72, the information transmission unit 71, and the displacement gauges 73. In this embodiment, the angle of the guide wheels 64 within the housing 6 can be adjusted according to the position of the displacement gauges 73.

[0055] Furthermore, such as Figure 10 , Figure 11 As shown, the housing 6 also houses a mounting base plate 7, on which the processor 72, information transmission unit 71, and several displacement gauges 73 are mounted. When the settlement ring 2 settles, it applies a settlement displacement to the displacement gauges 73 via the traction rope 8. The displacement gauges 73 detect the settlement and send it to the processor 72. The processor 72 receives and processes the information, then sends it to the main control console via the information transmission unit 71, completing the automated measurement of the stratified settlement of the soil under test. In this embodiment, the displacement gauge 73 generates a voltage value and a digital value when pulled, which is input to the processor 72 for processing.

[0056] In this embodiment, the traction rope 8 is made of steel wire rope, and the fastener 5 is a combination of screws and nuts. The housing 6 is made of stainless steel.

[0057] To achieve the above or other objectives, this invention also discloses an automated method for measuring layered soil settlement using a rope-operated system in waterway engineering. The method employs the aforementioned automated measurement device for layered soil settlement using a rope-operated system in waterway engineering, and the steps are as follows:

[0058] A1: The operator shall follow the appendix Figures 1-11 Based on the descriptions of the aforementioned components, the aforementioned components are manufactured.

[0059] A2: Drill holes in the soil to be tested;

[0060] A3: Several settling rings 2 are fitted onto the outer circumference of the settling pipe 1, and the connecting plate 23 is located in the groove 11 of the settling ring 2;

[0061] A4: Pass the end of the traction rope 8 through the through hole 31 of the dividing plate 3 into the settling pipe 1, and connect the end of the traction rope 8 with the through hole 235 of the connecting plate, thus realizing the connection of multiple traction ropes 8 with multiple settling rings 2.

[0062] A5: The two adjacent sedimentation pipes 1 are connected by sedimentation pipe joint 4, and the top surface of the uppermost sedimentation pipe 1 is fastened to the collection box through the connecting pipe flange 62.

[0063] A6: Use water-soluble paper to gather the anchor claw 22 close to the outer circumference of the settlement tube 1, put the settlement tube 1 into the hole drilled in the soil, and several settlement rings 2 fall at the elevation of the soil layer to be tested. When the water in the soil layer wets the water-soluble paper, the anchor claw 22 unfolds and embeds into each soil layer to be tested.

[0064] A7: Connect the top end of the traction rope 8 to the displacement gauge 73 via the guide wheel 64;

[0065] A8: When each layer of the soil to be tested settles, the settlement ring 2 follows the settlement of each layer of the soil to be tested. The settlement amount is fed back to the displacement meter 73 through the transmission component. The displacement meter 73 detects the settlement amount and sends it to the processor 72. The processor 72 receives the information and processes it, and then sends it to the main control console through the information transmission unit 71 to realize the automated measurement of the settlement of the soil layers to be tested.

[0066] This invention relates to an automated measurement device and method for layered soil settlement in waterway engineering using a rope-operated system. A settlement ring 2 is fitted onto a settlement pipe 1. The settlement ring 2 is connected to a displacement gauge 73 via a traction rope 8. As the settlement ring 2 settles with the soil in layers, the traction rope 8 moves with the settlement ring 2, allowing the displacement gauge 73 to detect the settlement amount, thus achieving automated settlement measurement and improving measurement accuracy. The invention includes dividing plates 3 at both ends of the settlement pipe 1, with several through holes 31 on the dividing plates. A housing 6 contains several guide wheels 64. The traction rope 8 is connected between the displacement gauge 73 and the settlement ring 2 via the guide wheels 64 and the through holes 31, effectively preventing the traction rope 8 from tangling during installation and settlement monitoring, ensuring the validity of the measurement data.

[0067] The rope-type automated soil stratified settlement measurement device and method described in this application for waterway engineering has been successfully applied in the project. A total of three stratified settlement monitoring holes were installed in the project, all of which used this stratified settlement measurement device. It has been running stably for 10 months from August 2024 to June 2025. The F20 hole of the project is used as an example.

[0068] As shown in the table above, the monitoring and management platform shows that the system is operating well and there are no abnormalities such as disconnection or power outage. The monitoring data shows that although there are fluctuations in the daily data, the overall settlement trend is clear, and the soil settlement rate and the settlement amount of each soil layer are consistent with the on-site working conditions.

[0069] Therefore, this invention effectively overcomes the various shortcomings of the prior art and has high industrial application value.

[0070] The above embodiments are merely illustrative of the principles and effects of the present invention and are not intended to limit the invention. Any person skilled in the art can modify or alter the above embodiments without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. Therefore, all equivalent modifications or alterations made by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit and technical concept disclosed in the present invention should still be covered by the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. An automated measurement device for layered soil settlement using a rope-operated method in waterway engineering, characterized in that: It includes a settlement component, a transmission component, and a reading component; the settlement component includes several settlement tubes (1) and several settlement rings (2), the several settlement rings (2) are sleeved on the outer circumference of the settlement tubes (1), and the several settlement rings (2) are located in soil layers at different elevations; the settlement rings (2) are connected to the reading component through the transmission component; when the soil settles, the settlement rings (2) located in the soil layers settle with the soil, and transmit the settlement displacement to the reading component through the transmission component.

2. The automated measurement device for layered soil settlement in waterway engineering using a rope-operated method as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The outer circumferential surface of the settling pipe (1) is provided with a sliding groove (11) along the axial direction. The settling ring (2) is provided with a connecting plate (23), which can move axially along the sliding groove (11). The connecting plate (23) is provided with a connecting plate through hole (235), and the transmission component is connected to the settling ring (2) through the connecting plate through hole (235) and the connecting plate (23).

3. The automated measurement device for layered soil settlement in waterway engineering using a rope-operated method as described in claim 2, characterized in that: The settling ring (2) has a connecting plate mounting hole (211), and the connecting plate (23) has a connecting plate fixing hole (234). The connecting plate mounting hole (211) and the connecting plate fixing hole (234) are aligned, and fasteners (5) are inserted through them.

4. The automated measurement device for layered soil settlement in waterway engineering using a rope-operated method as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The settling ring (2) is also provided with a number of anchor claws (22); one end of the number of anchor claws (22) is evenly arranged on the end face of the settling ring (2) in a circumferential direction, and the other end extends outward along the radial direction of the settling ring (2).

5. The automated measurement device for layered soil settlement in waterway engineering using a rope-operated method as described in claim 4, characterized in that: The settling ring (2) has an anchor claw mounting hole (212), and one end of the anchor claw (22) has an anchor claw fixing hole. The anchor claw mounting hole (212) and the anchor claw fixing hole are aligned, and fasteners (5) are inserted through them.

6. The automated measurement device for layered soil settlement in waterway engineering using a rope-operated method as described in claim 1, characterized in that: Two adjacent settling pipes (1) are connected by a settling pipe joint (4), the diameter of which is larger than the diameter of the settling pipe (1).

7. The automated measurement device for layered soil settlement in waterway engineering using a rope-operated method as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The transmission assembly includes several traction ropes (8) and a dividing plate (3). The dividing plate (3) is set on the inner wall of both ends of the settling pipe (1). Several dividing plate through holes (31) are opened on the dividing plate (3). One end of the traction rope (8) is connected to the measuring assembly, and the other end passes through the dividing plate through hole (31) and is connected to the settling ring (2).

8. The automated measurement device for layered soil settlement in waterway engineering using a rope-operated method as described in claim 7, characterized in that: It also includes a collection box, which includes a box body (6), a connecting pipe (61), and a connecting pipe flange (62). The connecting pipe (61) is located on the bottom end face of the box body (6) and is connected to the internal space of the box body (6). The connecting pipe flange (62) is located on the bottom end face of the connecting pipe (61) and is connected to the top end face of the settling pipe (1).

9. The automated measurement device for layered soil settlement in waterway engineering using a rope-operated method as described in claim 8, characterized in that: The transmission assembly also includes several guide wheels (64), which are disposed inside the housing (6); the reading assembly is disposed in the acquisition box, which includes a processor (72), an information transmission unit (71), and several displacement gauges (73), and the processor (72) is communicatively connected to the information transmission unit (71) and the several displacement gauges (73); the end of the traction rope (8) away from the settling ring (2) passes through the guide wheel (64) and is connected to the displacement gauge (73).

10. An automated method for measuring layered soil settlement using a rope-guided method in waterway engineering, characterized in that: The automated measurement device for layered soil settlement using a rope-operated method in waterway engineering, as described in any one of claims 1-9, comprises the following steps: S1: Drill a hole in the soil to be tested; S2: Place several settling rings (2) on the outer circumference of the settling pipe (1); S3: Connect the end of the transmission assembly away from the measuring assembly to the settling ring (2); S4: Place the settlement tube (1) into the hole drilled in the soil, and embed several settlement rings (2) into each soil layer to be tested. S5: Connect the end of the transmission assembly away from the settling ring (2) to the reading assembly; S6: When each soil layer to be tested settles, the settlement ring (2) settles with each soil layer to be tested, and the settlement amount is fed back to the reading component through the transmission component.

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