Point and distributed vibration sensing calibration system and method under multi-physics coupling

Abstract

The application discloses a kind of point type and distributed vibration sensing calibration system and method under multi-physical field coupling, it is related to sensor calibration technical field, measured sensing element is installed on point type sensor calibration structure or distributed sensor calibration structure, and is placed in environmental bin;Surrounding pressure medium is injected into environmental bin by high-pressure liquid interface assembly, cold and hot liquid is injected into environmental bin by liquid circulation joint, and cold and hot liquid flows into temperature control heat conduction coil array in vertical temperature control main circulation pipe, to regulate and control temperature in the cavity of environmental bin;Driving exciter occurs vibration, whereby the vibration load generated is transmitted to operating platform, and the measured sensing signal on excitation platform and standard vibration signal acquisition equipment are obtained Standard vibration signal is calibrated in this way.For the performance verification and optimization of vibration sensor under complex working conditions provide standardized platform.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of sensor calibration, in particular to a point and distributed vibration sensor calibration system and method under multi-physical field coupling. BACKGROUND

[0002] The statements in this section merely provide background information related to the present application and do not necessarily constitute prior art.

[0003] In the development of deep underground engineering (such as deep tunnels, mine energy storage facilities, etc.), due to the complex characteristics of high ground stress, high temperature, high seepage, strong power, etc. in underground environment, the disaster-causing mechanism of rock mass disaster presents the characteristics of nonlinearity and chain evolution. Based on this background, vibration sensors can capture key parameters such as structure vibration spectrum, amplitude and time domain characteristics in real time, and the dynamic response accuracy determines the reliability of structure state perception and disaster warning.

[0004] However, traditional vibration sensors still have significant limitations under the coupling effect of ground stress, temperature, humidity, etc. For example, ground stress may cause distortion of the sensor response, temperature fluctuations may change the polarization characteristics of piezoelectric materials, and then cause nonlinear shift of the charge output of piezoelectric accelerometers; humidity changes may cause attenuation of optical signals or increase of phase noise in optical fiber sensors. In addition, the dynamic response frequency range of deep rock mass is wide, and traditional point sensors are limited by installation density and spatial resolution, making it difficult to accurately capture the spatio-temporal evolution characteristics of chain disasters. In contrast, distributed optical fiber acoustic sensors can obtain full-scale dynamic response characteristics of deep rock mass vibration signals through continuous spatial sensing, making up for the shortcomings of traditional point array sensors.

[0005] Whether it is a traditional point sensor or a new type of distributed sensing technology, the perfection of the calibration system directly affects the timeliness and accuracy of disaster warning, and even determines the scientificity of the safety decision-making of the whole life cycle of deep underground engineering.

[0006] According to existing investigations, existing calibration systems have the following shortcomings: Many calibration devices use only a single parameter (such as vibration frequency) as the control variable, lacking the ability to dynamically couple and simulate environmental factors such as confining pressure and temperature, resulting in significant deviations between calibration results and actual working conditions; Traditional calibration equipment is mostly designed for point sensors and cannot provide a uniform excitation field or synchronously calibrate the spatial consistency of distributed sensors. Especially in multi-physics environments, the stability and accuracy of the device cannot be effectively guaranteed, easily leading to phase errors and sensitivity differences; In addition, in multi-physics environments, traditional standard vibration signal acquisition devices are unreliable and difficult to accurately locate the sensor under test, affecting the accuracy and consistency of calibration results. At the same time, the lack of automated control and data acquisition systems in the hardware and software results in low intelligence, increasing the complexity of testing and potentially introducing human error. Summary of the Invention

[0007] To address the aforementioned issues, this invention proposes a point-type and distributed vibration sensing calibration system and method under multi-physics coupling, providing a standardized platform for performance verification and optimization of vibration sensors under complex working conditions.

[0008] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention adopts the following technical solution:

[0009] In a first aspect, the present invention provides a point-type and distributed vibration sensing calibration system under multi-physics coupling, comprising:

[0010] The calibration module, operating platform, support structure and excitation structure respectively located at the upper and lower ends of the operating platform, as well as environmental chamber and standard vibration signal acquisition equipment located on the support structure;

[0011] The excitation structure includes a fixed structure located at the lower end of the operating platform and an exciter located on the fixed structure.

[0012] The environmental chamber includes a main environmental chamber and a functional base chamber located at the lower end of the main environmental chamber;

[0013] The functional base chamber is equipped with a high-pressure liquid interface assembly for injecting confining pressure medium;

[0014] The top of the main environmental chamber is equipped with a liquid circulation connector. Inside the chamber, there is a vertical temperature-controlled main circulation pipe and a vibration platform. A temperature-controlled heat-conducting coil array is spirally arranged along the axial direction outside the vertical temperature-controlled main circulation pipe. The vertical temperature-controlled main circulation pipe is connected to the liquid circulation connector and the temperature-controlled heat-conducting coil array so as to regulate the temperature inside the chamber by allowing hot and cold liquids to flow into the temperature-controlled heat-conducting coil array. The vibration platform includes a point sensor calibration structure and a distributed sensor calibration structure.

[0015] The calibration module is used to drive the exciter to vibrate and acquire the measured sensor signal on the excitation platform and the standard vibration signal on the standard vibration signal acquisition device, thereby performing sensor calibration.

[0016] As an alternative implementation, the fixing structure includes a mounting base on the operating platform and lateral support plates at both ends of the mounting base. The mounting base and the two lateral support plates are vertically welded to form a rigid U-shaped bracket.

[0017] Each side support plate is equipped with a limiting hole. The vibrator is inserted into the side support plate through the limiting hole to achieve bidirectional limiting and positioning of the vibrator in both radial and directional directions. The mounting base is designed with a hollowed-out shape to align with the vibrator interface.

[0018] As an alternative implementation, the support structure includes a portal frame body consisting of support columns and support beams, and an anti-instability limiting structure; the anti-instability limiting structure includes an anti-instability column, a damping connecting block, an elastic element, and a helical compression spring.

[0019] The anti-instability column is installed on the operating platform and is arranged opposite to the environmental chamber. The damping connecting block is installed on the outer wall of the environmental chamber. One end of the elastic element is connected to the anti-instability column and the other end is connected to the damping connecting block. One end of the helical compression spring is connected to the damping connecting block and the other end is connected to the support beam. The helical compression spring is used to limit the swing of the environmental chamber in the vertical direction.

[0020] As an alternative implementation, the damping connection block has an L-shaped structure, with its side located on the outer wall of the environmental chamber and a threaded hole on its upper side. The elastic element is then installed on the damping connection block using screws.

[0021] As an alternative implementation, the standard vibration signal acquisition device includes a vertical adjustment screw, a screw mounting component, a pin assembly, a strip connecting block, and a laser displacement meter;

[0022] The vertical adjustment screw is assembled into the screw mounting component, which is inserted into the bracket beam to form a vertically adjustable connection; the pin assembly is located at the top of the vertical adjustment screw and forms a pluggable limiting fit structure with the bracket beam; one end of the strip connecting block is located at the bottom of the vertical adjustment screw, and the laser displacement gauge is installed at the other end of the strip connecting block.

[0023] As an alternative implementation, the point sensor calibration structure includes a multi-point array flange, a first threaded rod, a vibrator force transmission shaft, and a second threaded rod.

[0024] The surface of the multi-point array flange is provided with multiple rings of equally spaced circular positioning holes for mounting vibration sensors; the lower part of the multi-point array flange is connected to the end of the exciter force transmission shaft through the first threaded rod, and the other end of the exciter force transmission shaft is aligned with the exciter; the middle part of the multi-point array flange is connected to the integrated connecting flange through the second threaded rod, and the sensing element under test is mounted on the integrated connecting flange.

[0025] As an alternative implementation, the distributed sensor calibration structure includes a spiral guide groove cylinder, a disc, and a through-fastening screw; the outer surface of the spiral guide groove cylinder is provided with equidistant spiral guide grooves to guide the sensor to coil evenly in a spiral shape along the spiral guide grooves on the surface of the cylinder; both the upper and lower ends of the spiral guide groove cylinder are provided with discs, and the discs are provided with through holes for the through-fastening screw to pass through axially; the disc at the upper end of the spiral guide groove cylinder is provided with a lead wire through hole for the signal transmission line to pass through.

[0026] As an alternative implementation, the functional base compartment is provided with a through hole for the signal transmission line. The through hole is provided with a wire sealing assembly, including a sealing cavity, a sealing flange, and a sealing lock nut. After the signal transmission line passes through the sealing cavity, a compression sealing ring is fitted on the outside of the sealing cavity, and a threaded gland applies a preload along the axial direction to make the sealing cavity press against the surface of the signal transmission line. The sealing flange and the sealing cavity cooperate to form a boundary support structure between the inside and outside of the cavity. The end of the signal transmission line is locked by the sealing lock nut.

[0027] As an alternative implementation, the lower end of the operating platform is also provided with a frame-type rigid support structure, including support columns, support beams and adjustable shock-absorbing feet; wherein, a rectangular frame is formed by four support columns, and a support beam is connected between two adjacent support columns, and adjustable shock-absorbing feet are provided at both the upper and lower ends of the support columns.

[0028] Secondly, the present invention provides a calibration method for the point-type and distributed vibration sensing calibration system under multi-physics field coupling as described in Embodiment 1, comprising:

[0029] The sensor under test is mounted on a point sensor calibration structure or a distributed sensor calibration structure and placed in an environmental chamber;

[0030] The confining pressure medium is injected into the environmental chamber through the high-pressure liquid interface component, and hot and cold liquids are injected into the environmental chamber through the liquid circulation connector. The hot and cold liquids flow into the temperature-controlled heat-conducting coil array through the vertical temperature-controlled main circulation pipe to regulate the temperature inside the environmental chamber.

[0031] The exciter is driven to vibrate, thereby transmitting the resulting vibration load to the operating platform. The measured sensor signal on the exciter platform and the standard vibration signal on the standard vibration signal acquisition device are acquired to perform sensor calibration.

[0032] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows:

[0033] This invention proposes a point-type and distributed vibration sensor calibration system and method under multi-physics coupling, which has the functions of high-precision environmental parameter control, high-stability loading platform, spatially consistent excitation of distributed sensors, and synchronous acquisition and analysis of multi-modal signals. It aims to provide a standardized test platform to support the performance verification and optimization of vibration sensors under complex working conditions. By ensuring the stability and accuracy of the system in multi-physics environment, it significantly improves the timeliness and accuracy of disaster early warning.

[0034] This invention proposes and implements a temperature-pressure-vibration three-field coupled loading system, filling the technical gap in the field of vibration sensor calibration in deep underground and extreme environments, and significantly improving the realism of the simulated environment and experimental adaptability.

[0035] The present invention designs an anti-instability limiting structure to ensure the high stability and accuracy of the system under complex working conditions, and can realize the synchronous calibration of point and distributed vibration sensors, significantly improving calibration efficiency and consistency.

[0036] This invention constructs a standard vibration signal acquisition structure under multi-physics coupling to ensure accurate acquisition and stable transmission of data in complex environments. It integrates automated control and data acquisition systems to improve calibration efficiency and consistency, avoid human error, and ensure the accuracy of calibration results.

[0037] Advantages of additional aspects of the invention will be set forth in part in the description which follows, and in part will be obvious from the description, or may be learned by practice of the invention. Attached Figure Description

[0038] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on the provided drawings without creative effort.

[0039] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the point-type and distributed vibration sensing calibration system under multi-physics coupling provided in Embodiment 1 of the present invention.

[0040] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the main structure provided in Embodiment 1 of the present invention;

[0041] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the excitation structure provided in Embodiment 1 of the present invention;

[0042] Figure 4This is a schematic diagram of the frame-type rigid support structure provided in Embodiment 1 of the present invention;

[0043] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of a standard vibration signal acquisition device provided in Embodiment 1 of the present invention;

[0044] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the installation of the damping connection block provided in Embodiment 1 of the present invention;

[0045] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the point sensor calibration structure provided in Embodiment 1 of the present invention;

[0046] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the distributed sensor calibration structure provided in Embodiment 1 of the present invention;

[0047] Figure 9 This is a schematic cross-sectional view of the environmental chamber provided in Embodiment 1 of the present invention;

[0048] Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of the wire sealing assembly provided in Embodiment 1 of the present invention;

[0049] The components include: 1. Main structure; 2. Environmental chamber; 3. Standard vibration signal acquisition equipment; 4. Constant temperature water bath system; 5. Control terminal; 6. Hydraulic pump; 7. Processing terminal; 8. Signal acquisition equipment for the tested sensor element; 9. Signal generator; 10. Signal amplifier; 11. Test sensor element; 12. Signal transmission line; 13. Operating platform; 14. Vibrator; 15. Mounting base; 16. Lateral support plate; 17. Limiting hole; 18. Bolt; 19. Support column; 20. Support beam; 21. Mounting assembly; 22. Adjustable anti-vibration feet; 23. Support column; 24. Support beam; 25. Vertical adjustment hole; 26. Motor; 27. Pulley assembly; 28. Lifting ring; 29. ​​Vertical adjustment screw rod; 30. Screw rod mounting part; 31. Beam mounting hole; 32. Pin assembly; 33. Strip connection. 34. Connecting block; 35. Laser displacement gauge; 36. Anti-instability column; 37. Damping connecting block; 38. Elastic element; 39. Helical compression spring; 40. Ordinary bolt; 41. Screw; 42. Multi-point array flange; 43. First threaded rod; 44. Vibrator force transmission shaft; 45. Second threaded rod; 46. Circular positioning hole; 47. Helical guide groove cylinder; 48. Disc; 49. Through fastening screw; 50. Lead wire through hole; 51. Main environmental chamber; 52. Functional base chamber; 53. Fixing component; 54. Sealing layer; 55. Hot and cold liquid circulation joint; 56. Vertical temperature control main circulation pipe; 57. Temperature control heat conduction coil array; 58. High pressure liquid interface component; 59. Wire sealing component; 60. Threaded gland; 61. Compression sealing ring; 62. Sealing cavity; 63. Sealing flange; 64. Sealing lock nut. Detailed Implementation

[0050] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0051] It should be noted that the following detailed descriptions are exemplary and intended to provide further illustration of the invention. Unless otherwise specified, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention pertains.

[0052] It should be noted that the terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to limit the scope of exemplary embodiments according to the invention. As used herein, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise, the singular form is intended to include the plural form as well. Furthermore, it should be understood that the terms “comprising” and “including”, and any variations thereof, are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, for example, a process, method, system, product, or apparatus that includes a series of steps or units is not necessarily limited to those steps or units explicitly listed, but may include other steps or units not explicitly listed or inherent to such processes, methods, products, or apparatus.

[0053] Where there is no conflict, the embodiments and features in the embodiments of the present invention can be combined with each other.

[0054] Example 1

[0055] This embodiment provides a point-type and distributed vibration sensing calibration system under multi-physics coupling, including: a calibration module, an operating platform 13, a support structure and an excitation structure respectively located at the upper and lower ends of the operating platform 13, and an environmental chamber 2 and a standard vibration signal acquisition device 3 located on the support structure.

[0056] The excitation structure includes a fixed structure located at the lower end of the operating platform 13 and an exciter 14 located on the fixed structure;

[0057] The environmental chamber 2 includes a main environmental chamber 50 and a functional base chamber 51 located at the lower end of the main environmental chamber 50;

[0058] The functional base compartment 51 is equipped with a high-pressure liquid interface assembly 57 for injecting confining pressure medium;

[0059] The top of the main environmental chamber 50 is equipped with a liquid circulation connector. The chamber is equipped with a vertical temperature-controlled main circulation pipe 55 and an excitation platform. A temperature-controlled heat-conducting coil array 56 is spirally arranged along the axial direction outside the vertical temperature-controlled main circulation pipe 55. The vertical temperature-controlled main circulation pipe 55 is connected to the liquid circulation connector and the temperature-controlled heat-conducting coil array 56 to regulate the temperature inside the chamber by allowing hot and cold liquids to flow into the temperature-controlled heat-conducting coil array 56. The excitation platform includes a point sensor calibration structure and a distributed sensor calibration structure.

[0060] The calibration module is used to drive the exciter 14 to vibrate and acquire the measured sensor signal on the excitation platform and the standard vibration signal on the standard vibration signal acquisition device 3, so as to perform sensor calibration.

[0061] In this embodiment, the entire system is divided into a main structure 1 and a frame-type rigid support structure with the operating platform 13 as the boundary, providing a high-rigidity, low-interference vibration calibration base environment for the tested sensing element 11.

[0062] like Figures 1-2 As shown, the main structure 1 includes an operating platform 13 and components such as an environmental chamber 2, an excitation structure, a support structure, and a standard vibration signal acquisition device 3 installed on the operating platform 13. The support structure is equipped with the standard vibration signal acquisition device 3 and the environmental chamber 2.

[0063] The environmental chamber 2 is equipped with a vibration platform to set up the sensor element 11 under test. The environmental chamber 2 is connected to the constant temperature water bath system 4 and the hydraulic pump 6 through pipelines to connect the temperature-controlled liquid and the confining pressure medium. The vibration platform is divided into a point sensor calibration structure and a distributed sensor calibration structure.

[0064] The constant temperature water bath system 4 and the hydraulic pump 6 are both connected to the control terminal 5 through the signal transmission line 12. The control terminal 5 controls the constant temperature water bath system 4 and the hydraulic pump 6 to achieve precise control of the physical field parameters (temperature and pressure) in the environmental chamber 2.

[0065] The calibration module includes a processing terminal 7, a signal acquisition device for the sensor under test 8, a signal generator 9, and a signal amplifier 10;

[0066] The standard vibration signal acquisition device 3 is connected to the processing terminal 7, and the processing terminal 7 acquires the standard vibration signal from the standard vibration signal acquisition device 3.

[0067] A signal transmission line 12 is led out from the environmental chamber 2. The signal transmission line 12 is connected to the signal acquisition device 8 of the sensor under test. The processing terminal 7 is connected to the signal acquisition device 8 of the sensor under test. The processing terminal 7 acquires the sensor signal acquired by the signal acquisition device 8 of the sensor under test.

[0068] The processing terminal 7 runs a matching intelligent calibration software platform, which is used to collect standard vibration signals and measured sensor signals, as well as to perform calibration analysis.

[0069] The signal acquisition device 8 for the sensor under test can be an oscilloscope, digital demodulator, or other equipment, which can effectively shield environmental interference and synchronize triggering.

[0070] The processing terminal 7 is connected to the signal generator 9, the signal generator 9 is connected to the signal amplifier 10, and the signal amplifier 10 is connected to the exciter 14. The processing terminal 7 controls the signal generator 9 to generate various excitation waveforms, and after the signal is amplified by the signal amplifier 10, it drives the exciter 14 to vibrate.

[0071] The processing terminal 7, standard vibration signal acquisition device 3, signal acquisition device 8 of the sensor under test, signal generator 9, signal amplifier 10 and sensor under test 11 are interconnected through signal transmission line 12 to form a complete signal generation, excitation loading and response measurement path, so as to realize the synchronous acquisition and automated processing of standard vibration signal and sensor response.

[0072] Understandable. Figure 1 Only the structure installed on top of the operating platform 13 is shown; the lower part, used for support and stability, is... Figure 4 The frame-type rigid support structure shown is installed below the operating platform 13.

[0073] In this embodiment, the operating platform 13 is made of solid hard aluminum plate with a thickness of not less than 30mm, and the surface is anodized to improve its rigidity, wear resistance and corrosion resistance, so as to ensure structural stability under complex loads and environmental conditions.

[0074] In this embodiment, an excitation structure is provided below the operating platform 13. The excitation structure is installed on the operating platform 13 by means of bolt connection to ensure that the excitation load generated when the drive exciter 14 vibrates is stably transmitted to the operating platform 13.

[0075] like Figure 3 As shown, the excitation structure includes an exciter 14 and a fixing structure for fixing the exciter 14; the fixing structure includes a mounting base 15, a lateral support plate 16 and a limiting hole 17, which are used to achieve stable installation and precise positioning of the exciter 14.

[0076] The mounting base 15 is fixedly connected to the operating platform 13 by high-strength bolts 18;

[0077] The mounting base 15 has a lateral support plate 16 on each of its opposite sides. The mounting base 15 and the two lateral support plates 16 are vertically welded to form a rigid U-shaped bracket, which provides mounting support for the vibrator 14.

[0078] Each lateral support plate 16 is provided with a limiting hole 17. The vibrator 14 is inserted into the lateral support plate 16 through the limiting hole 17 to achieve bidirectional limiting and positioning of the vibrator 14 in both radial and directional directions.

[0079] The mounting base 15 is designed with a hollowed-out interface to align with the exciter 14, which facilitates the interface mating of the exciter 14.

[0080] In this embodiment, a rigid frame support structure is also provided below the operating platform 13, such as... Figure 4 As shown, it includes a support column 19, a support beam 20, a mounting assembly 21, and an adjustable shock-absorbing foot cup 22;

[0081] Among them, the support column 19 includes four columns, and the four high-strength support columns 19 form a rectangular frame. A support beam 20 is connected between two adjacent support columns 19.

[0082] The support column 19 is equipped with adjustable anti-vibration feet 22 at both the upper and lower ends. The operating platform 13 is located on the adjustable anti-vibration feet 22 at the upper end of the support column 19. It is used to adjust the overall level and effectively attenuate background vibration interference from the ground, thereby improving measurement stability.

[0083] As an alternative implementation, the adjustable shock-absorbing foot cup 22 is made of cast iron and rubber composite and is connected to the base by screw riveting. It has a certain range of micro-swing capability and a vibration-damping rubber layer at the bottom to absorb external interference vibrations.

[0084] As an alternative implementation, a support beam 20 is connected between the upper and lower ends of two adjacent support columns 19. The entire frame-type rigid support structure is composed of four high-strength support columns 19 and eight support beams 20 cross-anchored.

[0085] As an alternative implementation, the support column 19 and the support beam 20 can be fixedly connected by bolts through the mounting assembly 21, or they can be directly welded together.

[0086] As an alternative implementation, the support column 19 is divided into upper and lower sub-columns. The upper sub-column and the lower sub-column are anchored together by preset round holes. Multiple round holes are preset on the inner side of the upper sub-column. Thus, the overall height of the support column 19 can be adjusted by adjusting the position of the round holes used for anchoring, thereby facilitating the adjustment of the height of the operating platform 13 according to the test requirements.

[0087] Understandably, both the support column 19 and the support beam 20 are made of steel to ensure the stability of the support.

[0088] In this embodiment, the upper part of the operating platform 13 is provided with a support structure, such as... Figure 2 As shown, the support structure includes support columns 23, support beams 24, and anti-instability limiting structures, which are used to bear loads and maintain the overall vertical stiffness and stability of the system.

[0089] Specifically:

[0090] Each end of the support beam 24 is connected to a vertical support column 23, and the two vertical support columns 23 and the support beam 24 constitute the main structure of the portal frame.

[0091] The support column 23 is fixed to the upper surface of the operating platform 13 by embedded expansion bolts. The support column 23 has multiple vertical adjustment holes 25 on its column body to facilitate the adjustment of the vertical operating space of the support structure according to the experiment, so as to adapt to different experimental space requirements.

[0092] The support beam 24 adopts a rectangular steel structure, and its two ends are rigidly connected to the support columns 23 on both sides by high-strength bolts 18 to form a closed portal frame structure to enhance the overall rigidity and load-bearing capacity.

[0093] The middle part of the support beam 24 is provided with a sliding suspension point mechanism, including: a motor 26 installed on the support beam 24 and a pulley assembly 27 connected to the motor 26. The pulley assembly 27 is used to hang the environmental chamber 2 through the lifting ring 28.

[0094] Motor 26 drives pulley assembly 27 to move along the direction of support beam 24, and connects to lifting ring 28 through hook or pulley, so as to realize the vertical lifting and precise centering positioning of lifting ring 28 and the environmental chamber 2 attached thereon, so as to align with vibrator 14;

[0095] A standard vibration signal acquisition device 3 is installed on one side of the support beam 24 to set up the reference measurement points of the system and realize the acquisition of standard vibration signals.

[0096] In this embodiment, as Figure 5 As shown, the standard vibration signal acquisition device 3 includes a vertical adjustment screw rod 29, a screw rod mounting component 30, a crossbeam mounting hole 31, a pin assembly 32, a strip connecting block 33, and a laser displacement meter 34. The standard vibration signal acquisition adopts a non-contact measurement method and selects a spot-type high-precision laser displacement meter.

[0097] The vertical adjustment screw rod 29 is assembled into the screw rod mounting part 30 through external thread, and the screw rod mounting part 30 is inserted into the beam mounting hole 31 in the middle of the support beam 24 through a limiting device, forming a vertically adjustable and stable connection.

[0098] The pin assembly 32 is installed on the top of the vertical adjustment screw rod 29 and forms a pluggable limiting fit structure with the bracket beam 24, which facilitates the quick disassembly and assembly and height adjustment of the laser displacement gauge 34.

[0099] One end of the strip connecting block 33 is located at the bottom of the vertical adjusting screw rod 29. The laser displacement meter 34 is fixedly installed at the lower end of the strip connecting block 33. Multiple threaded holes are provided on the lower side wall of the strip connecting block 33. The laser displacement meter 34 is clamped and fixed with the positioning screw. The signal transmission line 12 is led out from the laser displacement meter 34 and connected to the processing terminal 7.

[0100] In this embodiment, as Figure 2 As shown, the anti-instability limiting structure includes an anti-instability column 35, a damping connecting block 36, an elastic element 37, and a helical compression spring 38.

[0101] Among them, the anti-instability column 35 is fixed to the upper surface of the operating platform 13 and is arranged opposite to the environmental chamber 2 to support the limiting components.

[0102] Damping connecting block 36 is fixedly installed on the outer wall of environmental chamber 2 as an elastic connection medium;

[0103] The elastic element 37 is a strip of beryllium bronze elastic sheet with a thickness of 0.8 to 1.5 mm. One end is connected to the anti-instability column 35, and the other end is connected to the damping connecting block 36. It is used to provide lateral flexible support and absorb part of the lateral disturbance energy.

[0104] The two ends of the helical compression spring 38 are connected to the damping connecting block 36 and the support beam 24 respectively, to form an adjustable flexible limiting component, thereby suppressing asymmetric vibration and platform dynamic instability caused by eccentric loading.

[0105] Specifically, the helical compression spring 38 is used to limit the swinging and overturning tendency of the environmental chamber 2 in the vertical direction. One end of it is fixed to the damping connecting block 36, and the other end is connected to the spring fixing hole below the bracket beam 24 through the slot positioning and threaded pressure cap structure, so as to realize the axial pre-tightening and adjustable limit function of the spring.

[0106] like Figure 6 The diagram shows the installation of the damping connection block. The damping connection block 36 has an overall L-shaped structure. The side is reliably fixed to the outer wall of the environmental chamber 2 by ordinary bolts 39. The upper side is provided with threaded holes. The elastic element 37 is fastened to the damping connection block 36 by screws 40 to achieve a stable connection of elastic support.

[0107] In this embodiment, the environmental chamber 2 is equipped with an excitation platform, which includes a point sensor calibration structure and a distributed sensor calibration structure.

[0108] Point sensor calibration structure as follows Figure 7 As shown, it includes a multi-point array flange 41, a first threaded rod 42, a vibrator force transmission shaft 43, and a second threaded rod 44.

[0109] Specifically:

[0110] The surface of the multi-point array flange 41 is provided with multiple rings of equally spaced circular positioning holes 45, which can be compatible with vibration sensors of different package sizes and installation forms, and support the flexible arrangement and precise alignment of multiple types of sensors on different installation radii.

[0111] The lower part of the multi-point array flange 41 is rigidly connected to the threaded interface at the end of the exciter force transmission shaft 43 through four first threaded rods 42, forming a detachable rigid connection structure. The other end of the exciter force transmission shaft 43 is aligned with the exciter 14 to ensure that the vibration energy is transmitted efficiently and stably along the axial direction.

[0112] The multi-point array flange 41 is made of high-strength aluminum alloy and serves as an intermediate coupling component between the vibrator 14 and the sensor element under test 11. The signal transmission line 12 is led out from the preset through hole.

[0113] The multi-point array flange 41 has four symmetrically distributed helical connection holes in its center. These holes are used to install the second threaded rod 44. The other end of the second threaded rod 44 is connected to the integrated connection flange. The sensor element 11 under test is mounted on the integrated connection flange, and three positioning methods are provided according to the different structural features of the sensor element 11 under test:

[0114] For small sensors, lint adhesive is used for bonding and fixing; for sensors with mounting legs, double-sided symmetrical screws are used for fastening, in conjunction with positioning sleeves and elastic washers; for sensors with irregular or special shapes, a clamp-type composite clamping structure is used for fixing to ensure the stability of the sensor under vibration conditions.

[0115] The multi-point array flange 41 is replaceable and can be quickly replaced according to the size, shape and excitation load requirements of the measured sensing element 11. It supports customization of different hole distributions, installation spacing and center structure, and has good structural versatility and adaptability.

[0116] In this embodiment, the point-type sensor calibration structure can also be replaced with a distributed sensor calibration structure, such as... Figure 8 As shown, it includes: a spiral guide groove cylinder 46, a disc 47 and a through fastening screw 48, used for the equidistant arrangement and stable support of flexible distributed sensors.

[0117] Specifically:

[0118] The outer surface of the spiral guide cylinder 46 is provided with equidistant spiral guide grooves, which are used to guide the sensor (i.e. the measured sensing element) to be spirally and uniformly coiled along the spiral guide grooves on the surface of the cylinder, ensuring consistent layout density and stable coupling effect, thereby improving the continuity and consistency of the overall signal response.

[0119] Both the upper and lower ends of the spiral guide cylinder 46 are provided with discs 47, and the discs 47 are provided with through holes for axially passing through fastening screws 48. The two discs 47 are fixedly connected by the fastening screws 48, thereby forming an integrated rigid support frame, which enhances the stability and anti-interference ability of the overall structure.

[0120] A lead wire through hole 49 is provided on the disk 47 at the upper end of the spiral guide groove cylinder 46. The lead wire through hole 49 is used to pass through the signal transmission line 12 for the transmission of sensing signals.

[0121] As an alternative implementation method, the spiral guide groove cylinder 46 is made of aluminum alloy material, which is lightweight and high-strength.

[0122] As one possible implementation, the spacing of the spiral guide grooves can be set to 1mm, or it can be customized according to the sensor specifications to adapt to flexible distributed sensors of different lengths, wire diameters, or packaging forms.

[0123] As an alternative implementation, the disc 47 is provided with four through holes evenly distributed, and the spiral guide groove cylinder 46 and the disc 47 are fixed by four axial through fastening screws 48.

[0124] As an alternative implementation, polyurethane foam material is filled between the disc 47 and the through fastening screw 48 to isolate vibration and reduce noise and suppress electromagnetic or mechanical interference.

[0125] This embodiment achieves stable installation and centering of different types of sensors through point-type sensor calibration structure and distributed sensor calibration structure.

[0126] In this embodiment, as Figure 9 As shown, the environmental chamber 2 includes a main environmental chamber 50 and a functional base chamber 51. The main environmental chamber 50 is located on the upper part of the functional base chamber 51, forming a vertical axisymmetric sealed combined cavity. The main environmental chamber 50 and the functional base chamber 51 are precisely aligned and fixedly connected by a fixing component 52. A sealing layer 53 is provided on the contact surface to achieve structural alignment and gas-liquid dual sealing.

[0127] The top of the main environmental chamber 50 is equipped with two hot and cold liquid circulation joints 54, one of which is a liquid inlet joint and the other is a liquid outlet joint. Both are connected to the external constant temperature water bath system 4, thereby forming a closed heat exchange loop for the closed-loop flow of heat exchange liquid.

[0128] The top of the main environmental chamber 50 is also equipped with a lifting ring 28, which facilitates the vertical installation, centering adjustment and disassembly and maintenance of the environmental chamber 2 as a whole.

[0129] As an alternative implementation, the fixing component 52 may be a locating pin and bolt assembly, and the sealing layer 53 may be a flexible O-ring and a high-temperature resistant sealant layer.

[0130] As an alternative implementation, the outer shell of the main environmental chamber 50 is made of transparent high-strength polycarbonate material, which combines structural rigidity with laser permeability, making it suitable for monitoring by non-contact laser displacement gauges.

[0131] In this embodiment, a high-pressure liquid interface assembly 57 is provided on the side wall of the functional base chamber 51, including a quick-connect high-pressure connector and a check valve. The high-pressure liquid interface assembly 57 is connected to the point sensor calibration structure (in the multi-point array flange 41) or the distributed sensor calibration structure (in the spiral guide groove cylinder 46) for connecting the confining pressure medium (such as water) injected by the external hydraulic pump 6, and directly connecting the confining pressure medium to the main environmental chamber 50, thereby forming a stable equivalent confining pressure field inside the cavity.

[0132] The functional base compartment 51 is also equipped with an independent discharge port or safety outlet for pressure relief, drainage or emergency response.

[0133] The functional base chamber 51 is made of anodized aluminum alloy and has a coupling interface with the excitation platform at the bottom. It forms a triple sealing system of vibration, temperature and confining pressure through silicone rubber damping gaskets and integrated flange sealing rings, which effectively prevents the confining pressure medium in the chamber from leaking to the excitation platform.

[0134] In this embodiment, the bottom of the functional base compartment 51 is provided with a through hole for a signal transmission line 12. The signal transmission line 12 is led out and connected to the signal acquisition device 8 of the sensor element under test. A wire sealing assembly 58 is embedded inside the through hole, such as... Figure 10 As shown, it includes a sealing cavity 61, a sealing flange 62, and a sealing lock nut 63; wherein, the sealing cavity 61 can be a flexible silicone sealing cavity.

[0135] Specifically:

[0136] After the signal transmission line 12 passes through the sealed cavity 61, the sealing ring 60 is fitted on the outside of the sealed cavity 61 and the threaded cover 59 applies a pre-tightening force along the axial direction to make the sealed cavity 61 press against the surface of the signal transmission line 12 to form a high-strength sealing interface, prevent leakage of the confining medium and suppress stress transmission.

[0137] The sealing flange 62 is installed at the opening of the system housing on the side wall of the functional base compartment 51, and cooperates with the sealing cavity 61 to form a boundary support structure between the cavity and the outside of the cavity, thereby forming a dual sealing structure of airtightness and liquid tightness under the bidirectional pre-tightening action of the threaded gland 59 and the sealing flange 62.

[0138] The signal transmission line 12 is secured at the end by a sealing lock nut 63 to prevent the signal transmission line 12 from loosening, falling off or leaking during system operation, and to ensure safe and stable signal transmission under high pressure, high humidity and vibration conditions.

[0139] In this embodiment, a vertical temperature-controlled main circulation pipe 55 is provided at the center of the cavity of the environmental chamber 2, and a temperature-controlled heat-conducting coil array 56 is spirally arranged along the axial direction outside the vertical temperature-controlled main circulation pipe 55.

[0140] The top of the vertical temperature-controlled main circulation pipe 55 is connected to the inlet connector in the hot and cold liquid circulation joint 54, and is also connected to the inlet of the temperature-controlled heat-conducting coil array 56. This is used to guide the hot and cold liquids into the temperature-controlled heat-conducting coil array 56, thereby realizing the directional delivery and stratified flow of the heat exchange liquids. Then, the liquids return from the outlet of the temperature-controlled heat-conducting coil array 56 to the outlet connector in the hot and cold liquid circulation joint 54.

[0141] As an alternative implementation method, the temperature-controlled heat-conducting coil is made of corrosion-resistant stainless steel. Utilizing a spiral arrangement structure, it achieves vertical temperature gradient control through hot and cold water circulation, thereby realizing uniform and stable regulation of the internal temperature field of the environmental chamber 2.

[0142] In this embodiment, the temperature-controlled liquid and the confining pressure medium are structurally independent and flow paths are separated. The former only circulates in a closed loop in the temperature-controlled heat-conducting coil array 56 for heat exchange and does not enter the environmental chamber 2 cavity. The latter is injected into the functional base chamber 51 through the high-pressure liquid interface component 57 to form a closed confining pressure environment, thereby achieving physical isolation and functional synergy between the temperature field and the pressure field.

[0143] In this embodiment, the system provides rigid vibration-resistant structural support through a high-strength, high-stability main structure and a frame-type rigid support structure. A vibration platform enables precise clamping and spatial attitude maintenance of the measured sensing element. The design of the environmental chamber and vibration structure simulates the strong vibrations, high ground stress, and thermal disturbances encountered in deep underground engineering. It integrates multi-modal dynamic excitation, confining pressure loading, and temperature control to achieve coordinated regulation of vibration, confining pressure, and temperature across multiple physical fields. By integrating the synchronous acquisition of standard vibration signals and the measured sensing signals, it achieves real-time acquisition, feature extraction, and automatic calibration of calibration data, improving system consistency and calibration efficiency. This allows for high-precision, automated calibration and performance evaluation of sensors under complex and variable environmental conditions.

[0144] Example 2

[0145] This embodiment provides a calibration method for the point-type and distributed vibration sensing calibration system under multi-physics coupling as described in Embodiment 1, including the following steps:

[0146] The sensor under test is mounted on a point sensor calibration structure or a distributed sensor calibration structure and placed in an environmental chamber;

[0147] The confining pressure medium is injected into the environmental chamber through the high-pressure liquid interface component, and hot and cold liquids are injected into the environmental chamber through the liquid circulation connector. The hot and cold liquids flow into the temperature-controlled heat-conducting coil array through the vertical temperature-controlled main circulation pipe to regulate the temperature inside the environmental chamber.

[0148] The exciter is driven to vibrate, thereby transmitting the resulting vibration load to the operating platform. The measured sensor signal on the exciter platform and the standard vibration signal on the standard vibration signal acquisition device are acquired to perform sensor calibration.

[0149] In this embodiment, the sensor calibration process includes:

[0150] S1. Initialization: The system loads the data acquisition card driver library and configures the acquisition parameters, completes the initialization of the acquisition device and communication port, establishes the hardware and software channels for excitation signal, displacement signal and auxiliary interface, and initializes waveform display controls and variables.

[0151] S2. Data Acquisition: The acquisition thread is started through a multi-threaded mechanism to synchronously sample the standard vibration signal and the measured sensor signal. The sampling frequency can be set according to the sensor frequency band. The sampled data is buffered in segments of fixed length to ensure the continuity and real-time performance of the signal stream.

[0152] S3. Signal preprocessing: Perform amplitude normalization, mean removal, filtering and signal amplification operations on the acquired raw signal to eliminate environmental interference and baseline drift, and improve the quality and signal-to-noise ratio of the input signal for spectrum calculation.

[0153] S4. Spectrum Analysis: Perform Fast Fourier Transform on the preprocessed standard vibration signal and the measured sensor signal to obtain the frequency-amplitude spectrum; further, excitation characteristic quantities can be extracted through main frequency point identification and amplitude analysis, focusing on extracting core parameters such as excitation main frequency, displacement amplitude, and response phase difference.

[0154] S5. Calibration Calculation: All physical quantities support standardization and unit conversion, based on frequency. f With amplitude D Calculate excitation acceleration a : ;

[0155] Therefore, by comparing the error between the standard excitation acceleration corresponding to the standard vibration signal and the measured excitation acceleration corresponding to the measured sensor signal, calibration indicators such as sensitivity and frequency response deviation are calculated, thus completing the automated performance calibration of the sensor.

[0156] S6. Result Output: The collected data, spectrum curves and the response of the tested sensor element are visualized in real time through multi-channel curve graphs. At the same time, the calibration results (including frequency, amplitude, acceleration and sensor output) can be exported in standard format and saved as a calibration report.

[0157] While the specific embodiments of the present invention have been described above in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, this is not intended to limit the scope of protection of the present invention. Those skilled in the art should understand that various modifications or variations that can be made by those skilled in the art without creative effort based on the technical solutions of the present invention are still within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A point-type and distributed vibration sensing calibration system under multi-physics coupling, characterized in that, include: The calibration module, operating platform, support structure and excitation structure respectively located at the upper and lower ends of the operating platform, as well as environmental chamber and standard vibration signal acquisition equipment located on the support structure; The excitation structure includes a fixed structure located at the lower end of the operating platform and an exciter located on the fixed structure. The environmental chamber includes a main environmental chamber and a functional base chamber located at the lower end of the main environmental chamber; The functional base chamber is equipped with a high-pressure liquid interface assembly for injecting confining pressure medium; The top of the main environmental chamber is equipped with a liquid circulation connector. Inside the chamber, there is a vertical temperature-controlled main circulation pipe and a vibration platform. A temperature-controlled heat-conducting coil array is spirally arranged along the axial direction outside the vertical temperature-controlled main circulation pipe. The vertical temperature-controlled main circulation pipe is connected to the liquid circulation connector and the temperature-controlled heat-conducting coil array so as to regulate the temperature inside the chamber by allowing hot and cold liquids to flow into the temperature-controlled heat-conducting coil array. The vibration platform includes a point sensor calibration structure and a distributed sensor calibration structure. The calibration module is used to drive the exciter to vibrate and acquire the measured sensor signal on the excitation platform and the standard vibration signal on the standard vibration signal acquisition device, thereby performing sensor calibration.

2. The point-type and distributed vibration sensing calibration system under multi-physics coupling as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The fixed structure includes a mounting base on the operating platform and lateral support plates at both ends of the mounting base. The mounting base and the two lateral support plates are vertically welded to form a rigid U-shaped bracket. Each side support plate is equipped with a limiting hole. The vibrator is inserted into the side support plate through the limiting hole to achieve bidirectional limiting and positioning of the vibrator in both radial and directional directions. The mounting base is designed with a hollowed-out shape to align with the vibrator interface.

3. The point-type and distributed vibration sensing calibration system under multi-physics coupling as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The support structure includes a portal frame main body consisting of support columns and support beams, as well as an anti-instability limiting structure; the anti-instability limiting structure includes an anti-instability column, a damping connecting block, an elastic element, and a helical compression spring. The anti-instability column is installed on the operating platform and is arranged opposite to the environmental chamber. The damping connecting block is installed on the outer wall of the environmental chamber. One end of the elastic element is connected to the anti-instability column and the other end is connected to the damping connecting block. One end of the helical compression spring is connected to the damping connecting block and the other end is connected to the support beam. The helical compression spring is used to limit the swing of the environmental chamber in the vertical direction.

4. The point-type and distributed vibration sensing calibration system under multi-physics coupling as described in claim 3, characterized in that, The damping connection block has an L-shaped structure. The side of the damping connection block is located on the outer wall of the environmental chamber, and the upper side has a threaded hole. The elastic element is installed on the damping connection block by screws.

5. The point-type and distributed vibration sensing calibration system under multi-physics coupling as described in claim 1, characterized in that, Standard vibration signal acquisition equipment includes a vertical adjustment screw, a screw mounting component, a pin assembly, a strip connecting block, and a laser displacement meter; The vertical adjustment screw is assembled into the screw mounting component, which is inserted into the bracket beam to form a vertically adjustable connection; the pin assembly is located at the top of the vertical adjustment screw and forms a pluggable limiting fit structure with the bracket beam; one end of the strip connecting block is located at the bottom of the vertical adjustment screw, and the laser displacement gauge is installed at the other end of the strip connecting block.

6. The point-type and distributed vibration sensing calibration system under multi-physics coupling as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The point sensor calibration structure includes a multi-point array flange, a first threaded rod, a vibrator force transmission shaft, and a second threaded rod. The surface of the multi-point array flange is provided with multiple rings of equally spaced circular positioning holes for mounting vibration sensors; the lower part of the multi-point array flange is connected to the end of the exciter force transmission shaft through the first threaded rod, and the other end of the exciter force transmission shaft is aligned with the exciter; the middle part of the multi-point array flange is connected to the integrated connecting flange through the second threaded rod, and the sensing element under test is mounted on the integrated connecting flange.

7. The point-type and distributed vibration sensing calibration system under multi-physics coupling as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The distributed sensor calibration structure includes a spiral guide groove cylinder, a disc, and a through-fastening screw. The outer surface of the spiral guide groove cylinder is provided with equidistant spiral guide grooves to guide the sensor to coil evenly in a spiral shape along the spiral guide grooves on the surface of the cylinder. The upper and lower ends of the spiral guide groove cylinder are provided with discs, and the discs are provided with through holes for the through-fastening screw to pass through axially. The disc at the upper end of the spiral guide groove cylinder is provided with a lead wire through hole for the signal transmission line to pass through.

8. The point-type and distributed vibration sensing calibration system under multi-physics coupling as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The functional base compartment is provided with a through hole for the signal transmission line. Inside the through hole is a wire sealing assembly, including a sealing cavity, a sealing flange, and a sealing lock nut. After the signal transmission line passes through the sealing cavity, a compression sealing ring is fitted on the outside of the sealing cavity, and a threaded gland applies a preload along the axial direction to make the sealing cavity press against the surface of the signal transmission line. The sealing flange and the sealing cavity cooperate to form a boundary support structure between the inside and outside of the cavity. The end of the signal transmission line is locked by the sealing lock nut.

9. A point-type and distributed vibration sensing calibration system under multi-physics coupling as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The lower end of the operating platform is also equipped with a frame-type rigid support structure, including support columns, support beams and adjustable shock-absorbing feet; among them, a rectangular frame is formed by four support columns, and a support beam connects two adjacent support columns, and adjustable shock-absorbing feet are provided at both the upper and lower ends of the support columns.

10. A calibration method for a point-type and distributed vibration sensing calibration system under multiphysics coupling as described in any one of claims 1-9, characterized in that, include: The sensor under test is mounted on a point sensor calibration structure or a distributed sensor calibration structure and placed in an environmental chamber; The confining pressure medium is injected into the environmental chamber through the high-pressure liquid interface component, and hot and cold liquids are injected into the environmental chamber through the liquid circulation connector. The hot and cold liquids flow into the temperature-controlled heat-conducting coil array through the vertical temperature-controlled main circulation pipe to regulate the temperature inside the environmental chamber. The exciter is driven to vibrate, thereby transmitting the resulting vibration load to the operating platform. The measured sensor signal on the exciter platform and the standard vibration signal on the standard vibration signal acquisition device are acquired to perform sensor calibration.

Images