High-dust and high-temperature flue gas sampling device for coal-fired boiler

Abstract

The invention is applicable to the technical field of flue gas sampling, and provides a coal-fired boiler high-dust and high-temperature flue gas sampling device which comprises a sampling pipe A. The sampling pipe A is fixedly connected with a sampling pipe B through a fixing plate, and a connecting pipe is rotatably connected between the sampling pipe A and the sampling pipe B; a driving assembly for driving the connecting pipe to rotate is arranged between the sampling pipe A and the connecting pipe, a flow guiding assembly for guiding flow is arranged in the sampling pipe A, a flow equalizing assembly for equalizing flow is arranged in the connecting pipe, and a filtering assembly for collecting particulate matters in flue gas is arranged in the sampling pipe B. The problem of filter material blockage in a high-dust environment is effectively solved, flue gas flow fluctuation is adapted through dynamic aperture adjustment, and the sampling volume accuracy is ensured. An equipment state evaluation mechanism can early warn part abnormity in advance, and the non-planned shutdown maintenance frequency is reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of flue gas sampling technology, and particularly relates to a sampling device for high-dust and high-temperature flue gas from a coal-fired boiler. Background Technology

[0002] Coal-fired boilers generate large amounts of high-temperature, high-dust-concentration flue gas during operation. Accurate monitoring of flue gas components (such as SOx, NOx, and particulate matter) is a crucial prerequisite for assessing boiler efficiency, pollutant emission compliance, and environmental remediation. The first step in accurate monitoring is obtaining representative flue gas samples. Currently, high-temperature flue gas sampling typically employs extraction-type sampling systems. However, existing technologies generally face numerous challenges when dealing with harsh operating conditions of high dust and high temperature: First, high temperatures can damage sampling pipelines and subsequent precision analytical instruments. Second, high concentrations of dust can easily cause blockages and wear in sampling pipelines and filtration devices, leading to sampling interruptions or distortions. Third, flue gas flow rates, temperatures, and dust loads often fluctuate, making it difficult to guarantee representative samples under different operating conditions with a fixed sampling flow rate. For example, if the sampling flow rate cannot be adjusted accordingly when flue gas flow or dust concentration increases sharply, it may lead to distorted sampling volumes, overload or damage to filtration devices, ultimately resulting in significant deviations in measurement results. Furthermore, existing sampling devices lack real-time monitoring capabilities for equipment operation and cannot automatically adjust system parameters according to changes in operating conditions, resulting in a lack of intelligence and adaptability in the sampling process. Simultaneously, the heat exchange efficiency of traditional water-cooling systems is unstable, making it difficult to guarantee continuous and effective cooling under high-temperature conditions. Therefore, existing flue gas sampling devices typically suffer from poor adaptability, susceptibility to blockages, frequent maintenance, and insufficient sample representativeness under fluctuating operating conditions.

[0003] To address the aforementioned issues, there is an urgent need for a high-temperature, high-dust flue gas sampling device capable of adapting to changing operating conditions and possessing online status monitoring and intelligent adjustment functions, in order to achieve stable, reliable, and representative flue gas sampling. Existing technologies urgently require improvement to address these problems. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of this invention is to provide a high-dust, high-temperature flue gas sampling device for coal-fired boilers, aiming to solve the problems of poor adaptability, easy clogging, frequent maintenance, and insufficient sample representativeness when operating conditions fluctuate in existing flue gas sampling devices.

[0005] This invention is implemented as follows: a sampling device for high-dust, high-temperature flue gas from a coal-fired boiler includes a sampling tube A, a sampling tube B fixedly connected to the sampling tube A via a fixing plate, a connecting pipe rotatably connected between the sampling tube A and the sampling tube B, a driving assembly for rotating the connecting pipe being provided between the sampling tube A and the connecting pipe, a flow guiding assembly for guiding the flow being provided in the sampling tube A, a flow equalization assembly for equalizing the flow being provided in the connecting pipe, a filter assembly for collecting particulate matter in the flue gas being provided in the sampling tube B, and a water-cooling assembly being provided outside the sampling tube A, the water-cooling assembly consisting of a spiral water-cooling pipe and a water pump; it also includes a flow regulation system, which includes: Flue gas condition assessment module: Constructs a flue gas condition assessment model based on particulate matter concentration, flue gas temperature, and flue gas flow rate, and outputs flue gas condition assessment coefficients; Equipment condition assessment module: Based on the rotational speed of the flow guiding component, the rotational speed of the flow equalization component, the vibration frequency of the filter component, and the heat exchange efficiency of the water cooling component, an equipment condition assessment model is constructed, and equipment condition assessment coefficients are output. The flow control module constructs a flow control model based on the standard orifice diameter of the flow equalization component, the flue gas condition evaluation coefficient, and the equipment condition evaluation coefficient, and outputs the target orifice diameter of the flow equalization component.

[0006] In a further technical solution, the drive assembly includes a motor A, a gear, and a gear ring; The motor A is fixedly connected to the sampling tube A. A gear is fixedly connected to the output shaft of the motor A. A gear ring is fixedly connected to the outside of the connecting tube. The gear meshes with the gear ring.

[0007] In a further technical solution, the flow guiding component includes a motor B and helical blades. The motor B is fixedly connected to the sampling tube A, and the output shaft of the motor B is provided with helical blades.

[0008] In a further technical solution, the flow equalization assembly includes a fixed orifice plate, a motor C, and a rotating orifice plate; A fixing plate is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the connecting pipe, a motor C is fixedly connected to the fixing plate, and a rotating plate is fixedly connected to the output shaft of the motor C. The rotating plate is in contact with the fixing plate.

[0009] In a further technical solution, the filter assembly includes a filter screen, a spring, and a vibrator; The filter screen is slidably connected to the connecting seat on the inner wall of the sampling tube B, and a spring is connected between the filter screen and the connecting seat. A vibrator is provided on the filter screen.

[0010] A further technical solution involves substituting the particulate matter concentration, flue gas temperature, and flue gas flow rate into the maximum value normalization formula for processing, and generating particulate matter concentration index, flue gas temperature index, and flue gas flow rate index respectively; the flue gas state assessment model is as follows: ; in , as well as All are weighting coefficients, and , , as well as All greater than ; This is the particulate matter concentration index. The flue gas temperature index. The flue gas flow rate index. This is the flue gas condition assessment coefficient.

[0011] A further technical solution involves substituting the rotational speed of the flow guiding component, the rotational speed of the flow equalization component, and the vibration frequency of the filter component into the maximum value normalization formula for processing, and generating the rotational speed index of the flow guiding component, the rotational speed index of the flow equalization component, and the vibration frequency index of the filter component, respectively; the equipment condition assessment model is as follows: ; in , , as well as All are weighting coefficients, and , , , as well as All greater than ; The rotational speed index of the airflow guide component. The rotational speed index of the current sharing component. This refers to the vibration frequency index of the filter component. For the heat exchange efficiency of water-cooled components, This is the equipment condition assessment coefficient.

[0012] A further technical solution, the flow control model is as follows: ; in The standard flow orifice diameter for the flow equalization component, This is the equipment condition assessment coefficient. This is the flue gas condition assessment coefficient. The target aperture for the flow equalization component.

[0013] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: This application effectively solves the problem of filter media clogging in high-dust environments. Dynamic pore size adjustment adapts to flue gas flow fluctuations, ensuring accurate sampling volume. An equipment condition assessment mechanism provides early warning of component malfunctions, reducing unplanned downtime for maintenance. The synergistic effect of the rotary connection structure and vibration cleaning design significantly extends the service life of the filter components. The combination of water-cooling components and intelligent flow control maintains the structural integrity of the sampling pipeline in high-temperature environments, improving the representativeness and reliability of the sampling data.

[0014] This application can prevent the filter device from overloading when there are sudden changes in flue gas flow rate or particulate matter concentration by dynamically reducing the orifice size; compensate for insufficient processing capacity by dynamically increasing the orifice size when the equipment's flow guidance or cooling efficiency decreases; and maintain system thermal balance by timely adjusting the orifice size in conjunction with cooling efficiency parameters when the flue gas temperature rises abnormally. This solves the sampling distortion problem caused by a fixed sampling flow rate and avoids system failures caused by mismatch between equipment status and flue gas operating conditions under a single parameter adjustment mode.

[0015] This application can dynamically sense the coordinated operation status of the flow guiding component, flow equalization component, filter component, and water cooling system. When it detects that the vibration frequency of the filter component has decreased due to dust accumulation, it promptly reduces the sampling flow rate to prevent filter breakdown. When it detects that the heat exchange efficiency of the water cooling system has decreased, it automatically adjusts the flow rate to prevent high-temperature flue gas from damaging the equipment. By comprehensively evaluating mechanical motion parameters and thermodynamic parameters, it effectively solves the sampling distortion problem caused by the coupling failure of multiple components in high dust and high temperature environments, ensuring stable sampling representativeness under different operating conditions.

[0016] This application solves the problem of flow control inaccuracy caused by flue gas parameter fluctuations, achieving dynamic matching between sampling flow rate and operating condition changes. When particulate matter concentration increases sharply, the evaluation coefficient increases, triggering a reduction in orifice size to prevent overloading of the filter components; when temperature rises abnormally, changes in the evaluation coefficient drive the cooling system to enhance heat exchange, preventing thermal damage to the equipment; when flow fluctuates, the evaluation model synchronously adjusts the orifice size to maintain sampling volume stability. This scheme quantifies the overall state of the flue gas, enabling flow control to have multi-parameter coordinated response capabilities, thereby improving the representativeness and reliability of flue gas sampling in high-dust and high-temperature environments, and reducing pipeline blockage or sampling distortion caused by sudden changes in operating conditions. Attached Figure Description

[0017] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the flow guiding component in this invention; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the flow equalization component in this invention; Figure 4This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the filter component in this invention; Figure 5 for Figure 4 Side view; Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the flow regulation system in this invention.

[0018] In the attached diagram: 1. Sampling tube A; 2. Connecting tube; 3. Sampling tube B; 4. Drive assembly; 41. Motor A; 42. Gear; 43. Gear ring; 5. Flow guiding assembly; 51. Motor B; 52. Spiral blade; 6. Flow equalization assembly; 61. Fixed orifice plate; 62. Motor C; 63. Rotating orifice plate; 7. Filter assembly; 71. Filter screen; 72. Spring; 73. Vibrator; 8. Water cooling assembly. Detailed Implementation

[0019] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this invention clearer, the invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative and not intended to limit the invention.

[0020] The specific implementation of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to specific embodiments.

[0021] like Figures 1-6 As shown, an embodiment of the present invention provides a high-dust, high-temperature flue gas sampling device for a coal-fired boiler, including a sampling tube A1, a sampling tube B3 fixedly connected to the sampling tube A1 via a fixing plate, a connecting tube 2 rotatably connected between the sampling tube A1 and the sampling tube B3, a driving assembly 4 for rotating the connecting tube 2 between the sampling tube A1 and the connecting tube 2, a flow guiding assembly 5 for guiding the flow in the sampling tube A1, a flow equalization assembly 6 for equalizing the flow in the connecting tube 2, a filter assembly 7 for collecting particulate matter in the flue gas in the sampling tube B3, and a water-cooling assembly 8 outside the sampling tube A1, the water-cooling assembly 8 consisting of a spiral water-cooling pipe and a water pump; it also includes a flow regulation system, which includes: Flue gas condition assessment module: Constructs a flue gas condition assessment model based on particulate matter concentration, flue gas temperature, and flue gas flow rate, and outputs flue gas condition assessment coefficients; Equipment condition assessment module: Based on the rotational speed of the flow guiding component 5, the rotational speed of the flow equalization component 6, the vibration frequency of the filter component 7, and the heat exchange efficiency of the water cooling component 8, an equipment condition assessment model is constructed, and the equipment condition assessment coefficients are output. The flow control module constructs a flow control model based on the standard flow orifice diameter of the flow equalization component 6, the flue gas state evaluation coefficient, and the equipment state evaluation coefficient, and outputs the target orifice diameter of the flow equalization component 6.

[0022] In this embodiment, the flue gas condition assessment module is a calculation unit that generates a comprehensive assessment coefficient by normalizing flue gas particulate matter concentration, temperature, and flow parameters. Specifically, it can be implemented by collecting raw data from sensors and then using a weighted summation algorithm to quantify the complexity of flue gas operating conditions. The equipment condition assessment module is an analysis unit that generates an equipment health index by monitoring the guide rotation speed, flow equalization speed, vibration frequency, and heat exchange efficiency. Specifically, it can be implemented using a multi-parameter exponential product model to assess the operating status of the device. The flow control module is an execution unit that calculates the target orifice diameter based on the ratio of the standard orifice diameter to the two assessment coefficients. Specifically, it can use a PID controller to drive a motor to adjust the orifice plate opening to maintain the optimal sampling flow rate.

[0023] The flow guiding component 5 uses the rotation of the spiral blades 52 to create axially guided airflow, reducing the impact of turbulence on sampling accuracy. The flow equalization component 6 changes the flow area through the relative rotation of the fixed orifice plate 61 and the rotating orifice plate 63. The flow regulation system collects real-time data on flue gas temperature and dust concentration, and after calculation by the evaluation model, drives the motor to adjust the orifice plate opening. When the flue gas flow suddenly increases, the system automatically increases the orifice diameter to avoid overloading the filter material; when the dust concentration increases, the orifice diameter is appropriately reduced to extend the filtration time. The filter component 7 uses a filter screen supported by springs 72 and a vibrator 73 for periodic dust removal, while the water cooling component 8 enhances heat exchange efficiency through a spiral water path, jointly ensuring the continuous operation of the device in high-temperature and high-dust environments.

[0024] Compared to existing technologies, traditional devices using fixed-aperture sampling are susceptible to fluctuations in operating conditions, while this solution achieves adaptive flow control through dynamic aperture adjustment. Existing technologies lack equipment condition monitoring mechanisms, making it difficult to predict filter media clogging or component wear. This solution uses a multi-parameter evaluation model to monitor the equipment's health status in real time. In existing technologies, the rotary connection structure is only used for anti-clogging purposes; this solution integrates it with the flow regulation system, forming a synergistic optimization of the mechanical structure and control algorithm.

[0025] like Figure 1 As shown, in a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the drive assembly 4 includes a motor A41, a gear 42, and a gear ring 43; Motor A41 is fixedly connected to sampling tube A1. Gear 42 is fixedly connected to the output shaft of motor A41. Gear ring 43 is fixedly connected to the outside of connecting tube 2. Gear 42 and gear ring 43 mesh.

[0026] In this embodiment, after the motor A41 starts, it drives the gear 42 to rotate via the output shaft. The gear 42 meshes with the gear ring 43 fixed outside the connecting pipe 2, causing the connecting pipe 2 to rotate around its axis. The fixed connection between the motor A41 and the sampling pipe A1 avoids relative displacement during power transmission. The meshing contact surface of the gear 42 and the gear ring 43 is sealed to prevent dust from entering the transmission gap. The coaxial fixed design of the gear ring 43 and the connecting pipe 2 ensures uniform force during rotation. The module and tooth profile parameters of the gear pair 42 are optimized and matched to maintain effective meshing even under high temperature thermal expansion. During the rotation of the connecting pipe 2, a line contact transmission is formed between the tooth surface of the gear 42 and the tooth surface of the gear ring 43, which is more conducive to dispersing stress concentration compared to surface contact transmission.

[0027] like Figure 2 As shown, in a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the flow guiding component 5 includes a motor B51 and a spiral blade 52. The motor B51 is fixedly connected to the sampling tube A1, and the output shaft of the motor B51 is provided with the spiral blade 52.

[0028] In this embodiment, after the motor B51 starts, it drives the spiral blades 52 to rotate. When the flue gas flows through the spiral blades 52, it is guided by the spiral structure to form a swirling flow. The centrifugal force generated by the swirling flow causes the particulate matter in the flue gas to move towards the inner wall of the sampling tube A1, reducing dust accumulation in the central flow channel. The rotation speed of the motor B51 is dynamically adjusted according to the concentration of particulate matter in the flue gas. For example, when a high concentration of dust is detected, the rotation speed is increased to enhance the centrifugal force and prevent particulate matter retention. The continuous rotation of the spiral blades 52 further avoids local dust deposition on the tube wall, while accelerating the passage of flue gas through the sampling tube section, reducing the risk of blockage.

[0029] Compared with existing technologies, traditional flow guiding devices mostly use fixed guide plates or non-adjustable blade structures, which cannot adapt to dynamic changes in flue gas flow rate and dust concentration, and are prone to reducing the cross-sectional area of ​​the flow channel due to dust deposition. This solution solves the problem of poor adaptability caused by fixed structures by actively adjusting the flow guiding intensity through a motor-driven helical blade 52 and combining it with the swirling effect to disperse particulate matter.

[0030] like Figure 3 As shown, in a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the flow equalization assembly 6 includes a fixed perforated plate 61, a motor C62, and a rotating perforated plate 63; A fixed hole plate 61 is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the connecting pipe 2. A motor C62 is fixedly connected to the fixed hole plate 61. A rotating hole plate 63 is fixedly connected to the output shaft of the motor C62. The rotating hole plate 63 is in contact with the fixed hole plate 61.

[0031] In this embodiment, the fixed orifice plate 61 is fixed to the inner wall of the connecting pipe 2 to form a static reference structure, and its through holes constitute the initial flow passage cross section. The motor C62 is installed at the center of the fixed orifice plate 61, and its output shaft drives the rotating orifice plate 63 to rotate. When the flue gas conditions change, the flow control module generates a target orifice diameter command based on the flue gas state evaluation coefficient and the equipment state evaluation coefficient. The motor C62 drives the rotating orifice plate 63 to rotate by a specific angle, thereby changing the overlapping area of ​​the through holes of the rotating orifice plate 63 and the fixed orifice plate 61, thus dynamically adjusting the effective flow passage diameter. The tight fit between the two orifice plates is maintained to prevent particles from entering the gap and causing mechanical jamming, while ensuring no leakage during the adjustment process. The real-time adjustment of the flow passage diameter allows the flow area to be expanded to prevent the filter component 7 from being overloaded when the flue gas flow rate increases sharply, and the flow area to be reduced to decrease the flow velocity to prevent particle penetration when the flue gas dust concentration increases.

[0032] Compared to existing technologies, traditional flow equalization devices often employ fixed-aperture orifice plates or manual adjustment structures, which cannot respond in real-time to fluctuations in flue gas conditions and are prone to clogging or breakdown of the filter components due to uneven flow velocity. This solution utilizes a motor-driven dual-aperture plate dynamic adjustment structure to achieve automated and precise control of the flow orifice diameter, overcoming the technical shortcomings of traditional devices such as adjustment lag and poor sealing. Furthermore, compared to linear displacement adjustment, rotary orifice adjustment avoids wear problems caused by sliding friction, significantly improving the reliability of the device in high-temperature and high-dust environments.

[0033] like Figure 4 and Figure 5 As shown, in a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the filter assembly 7 includes a filter screen 71, a spring 72, and a vibrator 73; The filter screen plate 71 is slidably connected to the connecting seat on the inner wall of the sampling tube B3, and a spring 72 is connected between the filter screen plate 71 and the connecting seat. A vibrator 73 is provided on the filter screen plate 71.

[0034] In this embodiment, as flue gas flows through the filter screen 71, particulate matter is intercepted and gradually deposited on the screen surface. As the deposition increases, leading to a rise in pressure differential, the airflow impact force increases, causing the filter screen 71 to undergo micro-displacement under the sliding connection structure. Combined with the elastic deformation of the spring 72, this absorbs the impact energy and prevents structural damage. Simultaneously, the vibrator 73 is triggered, using high-frequency vibration to dislodge the deposited particles from the screen surface, preventing pore blockage. The resetting action of the spring 72 allows the filter screen 71 to return to its initial position after vibration, maintaining stable filtration efficiency. Through the synergistic effect of dynamic displacement and active vibration, continuous and stable operation of the filtration process is achieved.

[0035] Compared to existing technologies, traditional filtration devices typically use fixed filter plates 71, which are prone to structural deformation or breakage due to sudden pressure increases when dust accumulates. Furthermore, dust removal relies on reverse airflow, resulting in incomplete cleaning and high energy consumption. This solution, through a combination of sliding connection and spring 72 buffer design, enables the filter plate 71 to have adaptive displacement capability, reducing mechanical stress. Combined with active dust removal by the vibrator 73, efficient self-cleaning can be achieved without an external air source, significantly reducing downtime maintenance requirements.

[0036] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the particulate matter concentration, flue gas temperature, and flue gas flow rate are respectively substituted into the maximum value normalization formula for processing, and particulate matter concentration index, flue gas temperature index, and flue gas flow rate index are generated respectively; the flue gas state assessment model is as follows: ; in , as well as All are weighting coefficients, and , , as well as All greater than ; This is the particulate matter concentration index. The flue gas temperature index. The flue gas flow rate index. This is the flue gas condition assessment coefficient.

[0037] In this embodiment, the maximum value normalization formula refers to using the ratio of the original measured value to the preset maximum allowable value as the normalization index. This can be achieved by inputting data collected in real-time by sensors into the calculation unit. This formula is used to eliminate the interference of different dimensional parameters on the comprehensive evaluation. The particulate matter concentration index is a quantitative indicator reflecting the dust load in the flue gas. It can be generated by normalizing the measurement using a laser scattering particulate matter concentration sensor and is used to assess the dust pressure that the filtration system can withstand. The flue gas temperature index is a dimensionless parameter characterizing the thermal effect of the flue gas. It can be generated by normalizing the temperature data obtained using thermocouples or infrared temperature measuring devices and is used to determine the margin of the equipment's high-temperature resistance performance. The flue gas flow rate index is a standardized parameter reflecting the fluid kinetic energy state. It can be generated by normalizing the measurement using a differential pressure flow meter or ultrasonic flow meter and is used to correlate the accuracy of the sampling volume. The weighting coefficient is a proportional factor preset based on equipment operating experience or experimental data. It can be dynamically adjusted through an expert system or machine learning algorithm to balance the influence weight of different parameters on the comprehensive evaluation result.

[0038] Specifically, particulate matter concentration, temperature, and flow rate are collected in real time by sensors and then input into a maximum value normalization calculation module to generate dimensionless indices ranging from 0 to 1. The flue gas state assessment model linearly superimposes these three indices according to preset weights, outputting a comprehensive assessment coefficient. For example, when the particulate matter concentration exceeds a preset threshold, its corresponding normalized index approaches 1. If the weight coefficient αc is set to a large value at this time, the assessment coefficient Es will increase significantly, triggering the subsequent flow control module to reduce the aperture of the flow equalization component 6 to reduce dust load. When the flue gas temperature rises abnormally, the increase in the temperature index t directly affects the assessment coefficient through the weight αt, prompting the system to prioritize adjusting the cooling component power to ensure equipment safety. Through the synergistic effect of normalization processing and weight allocation, parameters of different dimensions and magnitudes are transformed into assessment indicators of a unified dimension, providing standardized input for dynamic flow regulation.

[0039] Compared to existing technologies, traditional methods typically rely on a single parameter (such as a fixed flow rate or temperature threshold) for control, failing to address sampling distortion caused by fluctuations in multiple coupled parameters. For example, in existing technologies, a sudden increase in flue gas flow rate, without simultaneously considering changes in dust concentration, could lead to particulate matter penetration due to overload of the filter component 7. This solution, through multi-parameter fusion evaluation, can identify multi-dimensional trends in flue gas conditions. For instance, when high temperature and high dust levels occur simultaneously, the solution adjusts the weighting coefficient allocation strategy to prioritize reducing the flow rate, balancing equipment safety and sampling accuracy. Furthermore, while existing technologies often employ fixed thresholds for normalization processing, this solution uses dynamic weighting coefficients to adaptively adjust parameter sensitivity based on equipment operating conditions. For example, it automatically increases the weight value of αc when the filter component 7 approaches its lifespan to enhance dust load monitoring.

[0040] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the rotational speed of the flow guiding component 5, the rotational speed of the flow equalization component 6, and the vibration frequency of the filter component 7 are respectively substituted into the maximum value normalization formula for processing, and the rotational speed index of the flow guiding component 5, the rotational speed index of the flow equalization component 6, and the vibration frequency index of the filter component 7 are generated respectively; the equipment condition assessment model is as follows: ; in , , as well as All are weighting coefficients, and , , , as well as All greater than ; The rotational speed index of the flow guide component 5. The rotational speed index of the flow sharing component 6. The frequency index of filter component 7. For the heat exchange efficiency of water-cooled component 8, This is the equipment condition assessment coefficient.

[0041] In this embodiment, the speed index of the flow guiding component 5 refers to the normalized speed parameter of the flow guiding motor. Specifically, a linear normalization method can be used to map the actual speed to the 0-1 range to eliminate the incomparability between parameters of different dimensions. The speed index of the flow equalization component 6 refers to the normalized value of the speed of the rotating orifice plate 63, generated by the ratio of the measured speed to the preset maximum speed, reflecting the real-time adjustment capability of the flow equalization component 6. The vibration frequency index of the filter component 7 refers to the standardized parameter of the operating frequency of the vibrator 73, calculated by the ratio of the actual frequency to the maximum allowable frequency, characterizing the degree of clogging of the filter device. The heat exchange efficiency of the water cooling component 8 refers to the proportion of heat exchange between cooling water and flue gas per unit time, calculated by measuring the temperature difference between the inlet and outlet water using a temperature sensor, and is used to evaluate the operating status of the cooling system.

[0042] Specifically, the rotational speed index of the flow guiding component 5 reflects the flow intensity of flue gas within the duct; an increase in this index indicates a need for enhanced flow guidance to cope with high-velocity conditions. The rotational speed index of the flow equalization component 6 reflects the orifice plate's ability to uniformly distribute flue gas; a decrease in this value suggests the need to adjust the orifice plate opening to maintain a stable flow field. The vibration frequency index of the filter component 7 is negatively correlated with dust deposition; a drop in the vibration frequency index below a threshold triggers a dust removal mechanism. The heat exchange efficiency of the water-cooling component 8 is calculated by real-time monitoring of cooling water temperature changes; a decrease in efficiency indicates potential scaling or insufficient flow. These parameters, after normalization, are input into the equipment condition assessment model, generating a comprehensive evaluation coefficient through an exponentially weighted product, where the weight coefficients are dynamically allocated based on component importance. When the evaluation coefficient falls below a set threshold, the flow control module automatically reduces the sampled flow rate to prevent equipment overload.

[0043] Compared to existing technologies, traditional methods typically monitor only a single parameter for flow regulation, such as adjusting the sampling flow rate based solely on flue gas temperature or dust concentration, failing to comprehensively reflect the equipment's operating status. Existing technologies lack coupled analysis of the operating intensity of mechanical components and heat exchange efficiency, leading to lag or misjudgment in adjustments during sudden changes in operating conditions. By establishing a multi-parameter fusion evaluation model, abnormal states such as guide vane wear, filter clogging, and decreased cooling efficiency can be captured in real time. Furthermore, an exponential model amplifies abnormal fluctuations in key parameters, enabling early warning and proactive adjustment.

[0044] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the flow control model is as follows: ; in The standard flow orifice diameter of the flow equalization component 6, This is the equipment condition assessment coefficient. This is the flue gas condition assessment coefficient. The target aperture for the flow equalization component 6.

[0045] In this embodiment, the standard flow orifice diameter refers to the initial flow orifice diameter of the flow equalization component 6 under rated operating conditions. Specifically, it can be achieved by machining the initial opening areas of the fixed orifice plate 61 and the rotating orifice plate 63. This orifice diameter serves as an adjustment benchmark to maintain the basic sampling flow rate. The equipment condition evaluation coefficient is a comprehensive index generated through normalization of the guiding rotation speed, flow equalization rotation speed, filter vibration frequency, and cooling efficiency. Specifically, it can be implemented using a multi-sensor data fusion algorithm to quantify equipment operating efficiency. The flue gas condition evaluation coefficient is a comprehensive index generated through normalization of particulate matter concentration, temperature, and flow rate. Specifically, it can be implemented using an online flue gas parameter monitoring device to characterize the complexity of the current flue gas operating conditions. The target orifice diameter refers to the real-time adjustable orifice diameter dynamically calculated based on the model. Specifically, it can be achieved by using a servo motor to drive the relative displacement of the rotating orifice plate 63 and the fixed orifice plate 61 to dynamically match the current equipment condition with the flue gas load.

[0046] Specifically, when fluctuations in flue gas conditions lead to an increase in particulate matter concentration or flow rate, the flue gas condition assessment coefficient increases. If the equipment condition assessment coefficient remains stable, the model will output an increased target orifice diameter to improve flow capacity and prevent filter blockage or breakdown caused by a sudden increase in flue gas load. Conversely, when equipment operating efficiency decreases due to a drop in guide speed or reduced cooling efficiency, the equipment condition assessment coefficient decreases. If the flue gas condition assessment coefficient remains stable, the model will output a decreased target orifice diameter to reduce sampling flow rate and prevent sampling distortion due to insufficient equipment processing capacity. This model calculates the dynamic ratio between equipment and flue gas conditions in real time, forming a closed-loop control between mechanical adjustment and parameter feedback, ensuring that the flow-equalizing orifice diameter is always at the optimal value matching the current operating conditions.

[0047] Compared to existing technologies, traditional methods that use fixed orifice diameters or adjust orifice diameters based on a single parameter are unable to cope with the complex operating conditions of multi-parameter coupling in high-dust and high-temperature flue gas. For example, existing technologies adjust the orifice diameter only based on the flue gas flow rate, without considering the impact of the equipment's own operating status on flow rate adjustment, which can easily lead to adjustment lag or overload. This solution constructs a dynamic adjustment model through dual evaluation of equipment and flue gas status, incorporating the real-time performance of the mechanical system and the fluctuation characteristics of flue gas parameters into a unified control logic, thereby realizing intelligent orifice diameter adjustment based on multi-source data linkage.

[0048] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, and improvements made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A sampling device for high-dust, high-temperature flue gas from a coal-fired boiler, comprising a sampling tube A, a sampling tube B fixedly connected to the sampling tube A via a fixing plate, a connecting pipe rotatably connected between the sampling tube A and the sampling tube B, a driving assembly for rotating the connecting pipe being provided between the sampling tube A and the connecting pipe, a flow guiding assembly for guiding flow being provided in the sampling tube A, a flow equalization assembly for equalizing flow being provided in the connecting pipe, a filter assembly for collecting particulate matter in the flue gas being provided in the sampling tube B, and a water-cooling assembly being provided outside the sampling tube A, the water-cooling assembly consisting of a spiral water-cooling pipe and a water pump; characterized in that... It also includes a flow regulation system, which comprises: Flue gas condition assessment module: Constructs a flue gas condition assessment model based on particulate matter concentration, flue gas temperature, and flue gas flow rate, and outputs flue gas condition assessment coefficients; Equipment condition assessment module: Based on the rotational speed of the flow guiding component, the rotational speed of the flow equalization component, the vibration frequency of the filter component, and the heat exchange efficiency of the water cooling component, an equipment condition assessment model is constructed, and equipment condition assessment coefficients are output. The flow control module constructs a flow control model based on the standard orifice diameter of the flow equalization component, the flue gas condition evaluation coefficient, and the equipment condition evaluation coefficient, and outputs the target orifice diameter of the flow equalization component.

2. The high-dust, high-temperature flue gas sampling device for coal-fired boilers according to claim 1, characterized in that, The drive assembly includes a motor A, a gear, and a gear ring; The motor A is fixedly connected to the sampling tube A. A gear is fixedly connected to the output shaft of the motor A. A gear ring is fixedly connected to the outside of the connecting tube. The gear meshes with the gear ring.

3. The high-dust, high-temperature flue gas sampling device for coal-fired boilers according to claim 1, characterized in that, The flow guiding assembly includes a motor B and helical blades. The motor B is fixedly connected to the sampling tube A, and the output shaft of the motor B is provided with helical blades.

4. The high-dust, high-temperature flue gas sampling device for coal-fired boilers according to claim 1, characterized in that, The flow equalization assembly includes a fixed orifice plate, a motor C, and a rotating orifice plate; A fixing plate is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the connecting pipe, a motor C is fixedly connected to the fixing plate, and a rotating plate is fixedly connected to the output shaft of the motor C. The rotating plate is in contact with the fixing plate.

5. The high-dust, high-temperature flue gas sampling device for coal-fired boilers according to claim 1, characterized in that, The filter assembly includes a filter screen, a spring, and a vibrator; The filter screen is slidably connected to the connecting seat on the inner wall of the sampling tube B, and a spring is connected between the filter screen and the connecting seat. A vibrator is provided on the filter screen.

6. The high-dust, high-temperature flue gas sampling device for coal-fired boilers according to claim 1, characterized in that, The particulate matter concentration, flue gas temperature, and flue gas flow rate in the flue gas are respectively substituted into the maximum value normalization formula for processing, and the particulate matter concentration index, flue gas temperature index, and flue gas flow rate index are generated respectively. The flue gas condition assessment model is as follows: ； in , as well as All are weighting coefficients, and , , as well as All greater than ; This is the particulate matter concentration index. The flue gas temperature index. The flue gas flow rate index. This is the flue gas condition assessment coefficient.

7. The high-dust, high-temperature flue gas sampling device for coal-fired boilers according to claim 6, characterized in that, The rotational speeds of the flow guiding component, the flow equalization component, and the vibration frequency of the filter component are respectively substituted into the maximum value normalization formula for processing, and the rotational speed indexes of the flow guiding component, the flow equalization component, and the vibration frequency index of the filter component are generated respectively; the equipment condition assessment model is as follows: ； in , , as well as All are weighting coefficients, and , , , as well as All greater than ; The rotational speed index of the airflow guide component. The rotational speed index of the current sharing component. This refers to the vibration frequency index of the filter component. For the heat exchange efficiency of water-cooled components, This is the equipment condition assessment coefficient.

8. The high-dust, high-temperature flue gas sampling device for coal-fired boilers according to claim 1, characterized in that, The flow control model is as follows: ； in The standard flow orifice diameter for the flow equalization component, This is the equipment condition assessment coefficient. This is the flue gas condition assessment coefficient. The target aperture for the flow equalization component.

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