Pretreatment device for rapidly detecting heavy metal components in food

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of food detection devices, in particular to a pretreatment device for quickly detecting heavy metal components in food, which comprises a stirring barrel, a stirring rod is rotatably mounted at the inner end of the stirring barrel, a plurality of crushing cutters are fixedly mounted on the outer surface of the stirring rod, and a test cylinder is fixedly connected to the left end of the stirring barrel. A detection tube capable of detecting food is fixedly mounted at the inner end of the test cylinder, a suction device for sucking the food in the stirring barrel into the detection tube is further arranged in the test cylinder, and a baffle is rotatably mounted at one end, away from the detection tube, of the outer plate. According to the method, the cumbersome digestion or dissolution process can be skipped, and detection can be directly carried out, so that the treatment flow is greatly simplified, complicated technical operation is not needed in the process, and the equipment can be designed into a handheld or portable instrument convenient to operate and is suitable for food production lines, detection mechanisms and other field applications.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of food testing equipment technology, specifically a pretreatment device for rapid detection of heavy metal components in food. Background Technology

[0002] Food safety is a critical issue related to public health, and heavy metal pollution is one of the main factors affecting food safety. Once heavy metals (such as lead, cadmium, mercury, arsenic, etc.) enter the human body through the food chain, they may cause serious harm to human health. In order to ensure the quality and safety of food, rapid and accurate detection of heavy metal components in food has become an important need in the field of food testing.

[0003] Currently, the detection of heavy metals in food usually relies on sophisticated instrumental analysis methods, such as atomic absorption spectrometry (AAS), inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS), and X-ray fluorescence spectrometry (XRF). Although these methods have high sensitivity and accuracy, the sample pretreatment process is cumbersome and time-consuming, including steps such as sample crushing, digestion, dilution, and removal of interfering substances. Traditional pretreatment equipment suffers from problems such as complex operation, low efficiency, and high manpower consumption, making it difficult to meet the needs of rapid detection, especially in actual production and market monitoring where the requirement for high efficiency is becoming increasingly prominent.

[0004] A search revealed that prior art publication number CN 217084385 U discloses a pretreatment device for rapid detection of heavy metal components in food. The device includes a mounting base and a food processing tank located on the base surface of the mounting base. A stirring motor is installed on the top base surface of the food processing tank. A flow guide pipe for detection is connected to the side wall of the food processing tank near the mounting base. The top of a transmission rod is rotatably connected to the inside of the food processing tank via a ball bearing. A support plate has multiple through holes for filtration. This solution works by energizing an electromagnet, which attracts an iron block, causing the iron block to move towards the electromagnet. This, in turn, pulls the blocking rod out of its blocking state, allowing the liquid inside the flow guide pipe to circulate. The circulated liquid then enters the heavy metal detector to detect the heavy metal content. An electromagnetic release device allows for real-time control of the number of tests, improving detection efficiency and accuracy.

[0005] Therefore, based on the above retrieval and combined with existing technologies, when the above scheme is used, the electromagnetic block may generate a certain amount of heat when energized, especially when the current is large. This may cause the food sample to be heated during the detection process. If the temperature of the food sample changes, it may affect the content of heavy metals or change the chemical properties of the sample, resulting in inaccurate results. To this end, we propose a pretreatment device for rapid detection of heavy metal components in food. Summary of the Invention

[0006] The purpose of this invention is to provide a pretreatment device for rapid detection of heavy metal components in food, so as to solve the problems mentioned in the background art.

[0007] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution: a pretreatment device for rapid detection of heavy metal components in food, comprising a mixing tank, a stirring rod rotatably mounted on the inner end of the mixing tank, and a plurality of pulverizing blades fixedly mounted on the outer surface of the stirring rod; a test cylinder fixedly connected to the left end of the mixing tank; a detection tube capable of detecting food fixedly mounted on the inner end of the test cylinder; a suction device for sucking food from inside the mixing tank into the detection tube; an outer plate fixedly mounted on the inner right end of the test cylinder, the outer plate being parallel to the inner wall of the mixing tank; a baffle rotatably mounted on the end of the outer plate away from the detection tube; and an air bladder fixedly mounted on the end of the baffle away from the outer plate; and an air supply pipe fixedly connected to the outer surface of the air bladder.

[0008] As a further embodiment of the present invention, a rectangular hole is formed on the outer surface of the outer plate, and a sleeve is fixedly installed in the rectangular hole. A connecting pipe is fixedly connected to the end of the sleeve away from the baffle, and the connecting pipe is fixedly connected to the detection tube. A sealing ring is fixedly connected to the inner end of the sleeve, and a sealing plate is provided on the side of the sealing ring away from the connecting pipe. The sealing ring and sealing plate can effectively prevent gas or liquid leakage, ensure that the sample can maintain a stable sealed environment during food testing, avoid the entry of external contaminants, and ensure the accuracy of the test results.

[0009] As a further embodiment of the present invention, a sliding plate is slidably installed on both the upper and lower ends of the inner side of the casing, and an isolation plate is provided on the side of the casing away from the connecting pipe. The left end of the isolation plate is fixedly connected to the sliding plate, and the sliding plate is fixedly connected to the sealing plate. The sliding installation design of the sliding plate allows the sealing system to be adjusted more flexibly during operation, ensuring that the sealing plate can always maintain contact with the sealing ring, preventing any possible leakage or unstable gas / liquid flow.

[0010] As a further embodiment of the present invention, a piston is slidably mounted on the inner end of the detection tube, and a sealing sleeve is fixedly connected to the inner right end of the detection tube. An electrode plate is fixedly connected to one end of the sealing sleeve and the piston, respectively. The design of the piston sliding inside the detection tube allows the flow rate of liquid or gas in the detection tube to be adjusted as needed, ensuring that the sample can fully contact the electrode plate for analysis. The sliding of the piston can avoid the influence of external pressure or temperature changes on the detection results, thus ensuring the stability and accuracy of the detection process.

[0011] As a further embodiment of the present invention, a central rod is slidably installed at the inner end of the sealing sleeve, a one-way plug is fixedly installed at the left end of the central rod, a sliding rod is slidably installed on the side of the detection tube away from the sealing sleeve, a plurality of arc plates are rotatably installed at the end of the sliding rod near the piston, the arc plates are distributed in a ring, an unlocking rod is provided on the side of the sliding rod near the piston, and a traction rod is rotatably installed on the outer surface of the unlocking rod.

[0012] As a further embodiment of the present invention, the traction rod is rotatably connected to the arc plate, and a locking rod is fixedly connected to the left end of the piston. The locking rod corresponds to the unlocking rod. The rotatable connection design between the traction rod and the arc plate allows the traction rod to precisely control the movement of the arc plate when the system needs to be adjusted or unlocked. Through this rotatable connection, the working state of the system can be adjusted more smoothly, ensuring the accuracy of the operation process and avoiding deviations caused by mechanical friction or misalignment.

[0013] As a further embodiment of the present invention, the inhalation device includes a buffer cylinder, which is fixedly installed at the inner end of the test cylinder. A corrugated pipe is fixedly installed at the inner end of the buffer cylinder, and the free end of the gas delivery pipe is fixedly connected to the corrugated pipe. The corrugated pipe has good flexibility and deformability, which can effectively absorb and buffer the impact of airflow or liquid, and prevent the sudden changes in airflow or liquid from having a negative impact on the entire system.

[0014] As a further embodiment of the present invention, a synchronization tube is fixedly connected to the output end of the detection tube, the free end of the synchronization tube is fixedly connected to the outer surface of the buffer cylinder, and a synchronization plug is fixedly connected to the end of the corrugated tube away from the gas delivery tube. The synchronization plug is connected to the buffer cylinder by a return spring. The fixed connection between the synchronization tube and the buffer cylinder can ensure that the flow of air or liquid in the buffer cylinder is synchronized with that of the detection tube, avoiding uneven sample extraction or unstable flow due to inconsistency in the aspiration process, thereby improving the coordination and reliability of the entire detection system.

[0015] As a further embodiment of the present invention, a reagent box is fixedly installed at the inner end of the test tube, a measuring tube is fixedly installed on the outer surface of the reagent box, an infusion tube is fixedly connected to the output end of the measuring tube, and the free end of the infusion tube passes through the inner end of the central rod. The fixed installation of the reagent box and the measuring tube can ensure a stable supply of reagents. The design of the measuring tube helps to accurately control the flow rate and dosage of reagents, and avoid inaccurate detection due to excessive or insufficient reagents.

[0016] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are: 1. When using this invention, by sucking food into the detection tube and connecting it to the electrode, the tedious digestion or dissolution process can be skipped and detection can be performed directly, which greatly simplifies the processing flow. This process does not require complicated technical operations, and the equipment can be designed as an easy-to-operate handheld or portable instrument, suitable for food production lines, testing institutions and other on-site applications. 2. When using this invention, the food inside the mixing tank is stirred to distribute the various components evenly. The extracted sample can better represent the characteristics of the entire batch of food, avoiding the deviation caused by extracting a sample from only a certain part. 3. When using this invention, the measuring tube ensures that the digestion solution added each time is accurate and consistent, and the measuring tube can precisely control the amount of reagent added each time. This not only improves the accuracy and reliability of heavy metal detection, but also enhances the safety, automation and efficiency of the detection process, reduces reagent waste, and provides strong support for quality control and data management. This makes each test more standardized and consistent, and greatly improves the quality and reliability of the test. Attached Figure Description

[0017] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of a pretreatment device for rapid detection of heavy metals in food. Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the mixing tank; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the test cylinder; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the airbag; Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the casing; Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the detection tube; Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the sealing sleeve; Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the sliding rod and the arc plate. Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the measuring tube; Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the buffer cylinder.

[0018] In the diagram: 1. Mixing tank; 2. Drive motor; 3. Test cylinder; 4. Control terminal; 5. Support frame; 6. Discharge pipe; 11. Mixing rod; 31. Outer plate; 101. Baffle; 102. Airbag; 103. Isolation plate; 104. Unloading spring; 105. Air supply pipe; 106. Shell; 107. Slide plate; 108. Sealing ring; 109. Sealing plate; 110. Abutment block; 111. Connecting pipe; 201. Detection tube; 202. Synchronization tube; 203. Sealing sleeve; 204. Limiting ring; 205. Waste tube; 206. Sealing block; 207. Piston; 208. Locking rod; 209. Drive rod; 210. Arc plate; 211. Center rod; 212. One-way plug; 213. Sliding rod; 214. Unlocking spring; 215. Unlocking rod; 216. Traction rod; 301. Buffer cylinder; 302. Synchronizing plug; 303. Bellows; 304. Return spring; 401. Reagent box; 402. Measuring tube; 403. Infusion tube; 404. Infusion spring; 405. One-way rubber ring; 406. Movable plate. Detailed Implementation

[0019] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0020] Example 1: Please refer to Figure 1 - Figure 4 A pretreatment device for rapid detection of heavy metal components in food includes a mixing tank 1. A stirring rod 11 is rotatably mounted on the inner end of the mixing tank 1, and multiple pulverizing blades are fixedly welded to the outer surface of the stirring rod 11. A drive motor 2 is fixedly mounted on the upper end of the mixing tank 1 by bolts. The output end of the drive motor 2 is fixedly connected to the stirring rod 11. When the output end of the drive motor 2 drives the stirring rod 11 to rotate, the food can be pulverized by the rotating pulverizing blades after entering the mixing tank 1. A support frame 5 is fixedly mounted on the bottom end of the mixing tank 1 by bolts. The support frame 5 can provide stable support for the mixing tank 1. A discharge pipe 6 is fixedly connected to the bottom end of the mixing tank 1. A test cylinder 3 is fixedly connected to the left end of the mixing tank 1. A control terminal 4 is fixedly installed at the front end of the test cylinder 3 by bolts. The control terminal 4 integrates a touch screen display and is equipped with a processor and other components. This is a mature existing technology, and the specific working details will not be elaborated here. A detection tube 201 capable of detecting food is fixedly installed at the inner end of the test cylinder 3. The test cylinder 3 also has a suction device inside that draws food from inside the mixing tank 1 into the detection tube 201. An outer plate 31 is fixedly installed on the inner right end of the test cylinder 3. The outer plate 31 is parallel to the inner wall of the mixing tank 1 and is located away from the inner wall of the mixing tank 1. A baffle 101 is rotatably installed at one end of the detection tube 201, and an air bag 102 is fixedly installed at the end of the baffle 101 away from the outer plate 31. The air bag 102 is made of high temperature resistant rubber and has the characteristic of yield resistance. Specifically, a force-relieving spring 104 is also provided at the inner end of the air bag 102. When the stirring rod 11 drives the crushing blade to rotate, the food inside the stirring barrel 1 rotates rapidly along the inner wall of the stirring barrel 1 under the action of stirring, and at the same time, it is accompanied by a certain pressure to squeeze the baffle 101. Then the baffle 101 squeezes the air bag 102. An air supply pipe 105 is fixedly connected to the outer surface of the air bag 102. like Figure 3 , Figure 5 As shown, a rectangular hole is formed on the outer surface of the outer plate 31. A sleeve 106 is fixedly installed in the rectangular hole. A connecting pipe 111 is fixedly connected to the end of the sleeve 106 away from the baffle 101, and the connecting pipe 111 is fixedly connected to the detection pipe 201. A sealing ring 108 is fixedly connected to the inner end of the sleeve 106. A sealing plate 109 is provided on the side of the sealing ring 108 away from the connecting pipe 111. A sealing gasket is fixedly fitted on the outer surface of the sealing plate 109 to increase the sealing performance. Slide plates 107 are slidably installed on both the upper and lower ends of the inner side of the sleeve 106. The slide plates 107 are connected to the sleeve 106 by a reset spring. An isolation plate 103 is provided on the side of the sleeve 106 away from the connecting pipe 111, and the left end of the isolation plate 103 is fixedly connected to the slide plate 107. The slide plate 107 and the sealing plate 109 are connected to the sealing plate 106. Plate 109 is fixedly connected. Specifically, a stop block 110 is fixedly installed at one end of baffle 101 near the isolation plate 103. The stop block 110 is located on the right side of the isolation plate 103. When baffle 101 is rotating, the stop block 110 abuts against the isolation plate 103, and the isolation plate 103 cannot slide out at this time. After baffle 101 rotates, the stop block 110 no longer abuts against the isolation plate 103. At this time, the isolation plate 103 is ejected under the elastic force of the reset spring. Before baffle 101 rotates, the contact between the stop block 110 and the isolation plate 103 ensures that the isolation plate 103 cannot slide out at will, which plays an effective locking role. This prevents the isolation plate 103 from being accidentally released at inappropriate times or during operation, thereby ensuring the safety of the system during operation.

[0021] Example 2: Please refer to Figure 6 - Figure 8A pretreatment device for rapid detection of heavy metals in food, based on Embodiment 1, includes a piston 207 slidably mounted on the inner end of a detection tube 201. A sealing ring is fixedly fitted onto the outer surface of the piston 207, and the outer surface of the sealing ring is tightly fitted to the inner wall of the detection tube 201. A sealing sleeve 203 is fixedly connected to the right inner end of the detection tube 201, and electrode plates are fixedly connected to the corresponding ends of the sealing sleeve 203 and the piston 207. The heavy metal content in the food inside the detection tube 201 is detected by voltammetry. Voltammetry detects metal ions in food by applying a scanning voltage and measuring the relationship between current and voltage. The working principle is as follows: By applying a varying voltage, the redox reactions of metal ions on the electrode surface are observed. Different metal ions exhibit different electrochemical properties on the electrode, thus the type and concentration of metals can be identified and quantitatively analyzed by the relationship between current and voltage. Common calculation formulas, such as the quantitative analysis formula derived from Faraday's law:

[0022] Where I is the current (amperes, A), n is the number of electrons transferred, F is the Faraday constant (96485 C / mol), A is the electrode area (m²), C is the concentration of metal ions in the food (mol / L), and v is the scanning voltage rate (V / s). Given the reaction potential (V), the current passing through the electrode can be calculated using Faraday's law, and the concentration of metal ions in the solution can then be estimated. It is worth noting that all the above calculations are performed by the processor inside the control terminal 4.

[0023] A central rod 211 is slidably mounted on the inner end of the sealing sleeve 203. A one-way plug 212 is fixedly mounted on the left end of the central rod 211, and a limit ring 204 is fixedly mounted on the right end. Specifically, after the one-way plug 212 moves to the left, the fluid can flow through the sealing sleeve 203 and into the detection tube 201. A sliding rod 213 is slidably mounted on the side of the detection tube 201 away from the sealing sleeve 203. Multiple arc plates 210 are rotatably mounted on the end of the sliding rod 213 near the piston 207. The arc plates 210 are arranged in a ring. The side of the sliding rod 213 near the piston 207 passes through... There is an unlocking rod 215, and a traction rod 216 is rotatably mounted on the outer surface of the unlocking rod 215. The traction rod 216 is rotatably connected to the arc plate 210. The unlocking rod 215 and the sliding rod 213 are connected by an unlocking spring 214. The left end of the piston 207 is fixedly connected to a locking rod 208, which corresponds to the unlocking rod 215. When the locking rod 208 moves to the left and contacts the unlocking rod 215, the unlocking rod 215 moves to the left, which pulls the arc plate 210 to rotate through the traction rod 216, thus clamping the outer surface of the locking rod 208. A drive rod 209 is slidably installed at the bottom end of the detection tube 201, and a waste tube 205 is fixedly connected to the bottom end of the detection tube 201. A sealing block 206 is slidably installed at the inner end of the waste tube 205. After the sealing block 206 moves, the waste tube 205 communicates with the detection tube 201, and the left end of the sealing block 206 is fixedly connected to the drive rod 209. The left end of the drive rod 209 is fixedly connected to the sliding rod 213. The communication design between the waste tube 205 and the detection tube 201 allows the waste generated after each detection process to be discharged in time through the waste tube 205. By discharging the waste, the inside of the detection tube 201 is kept clean at all times, preventing the residue of contaminants and reducing the risk of cross-contamination.

[0024] Example 3: Please refer to Figure 3 , Figure 10 A pretreatment device for rapid detection of heavy metal components in food, based on Embodiment 1, includes a buffer cylinder 301, which is fixedly installed at the inner end of a test cylinder 3. A corrugated pipe 303 is fixedly installed at the inner end of the buffer cylinder 301. The free end of an air supply pipe 105 is fixedly connected to the corrugated pipe 303. A synchronization pipe 202 is fixedly connected to the output end of a detection pipe 201. The free end of the synchronization pipe 202 is fixedly connected to the outer surface of the buffer cylinder 301. A synchronization plug 302 is fixedly connected to the end of the corrugated pipe 303 away from the air supply pipe 105. The synchronization plug 302 and the buffer cylinder 301 are connected by a return spring 304. After the air blown out by the synchronization pipe 202 enters the interior of the buffer cylinder 301, it pushes the synchronization plug 302 to move and compresses the return spring 304. Specifically, a cavity is formed between the corrugated pipe 303 and the buffer cylinder 301. A sealing ring is fitted on the outer surface of the synchronization plug 302. The sealing ring is tightly fitted to the inner wall of the buffer cylinder 301. like Figure 3 , Figure 9 As shown, a reagent box 401 is fixedly installed inside the test cylinder 3. The reagent box 401 contains a digestion solution for auxiliary testing (such as nitric acid, hydrochloric acid, aqua regia, etc.). A measuring tube 402 is fixedly installed on the outer surface of the reagent box 401 by a clamp. The reagent box 401 and the measuring tube 402 are connected by a water pipe (not shown in the figure). An infusion tube 403 is fixedly connected to the output end of the measuring tube 402, and the free end of the infusion tube 403 passes through the inner end of the central rod 211. A movable plate 406 is slidably installed on the inner end of the measuring tube 402. The movable plate 406 is connected to the measuring tube 402 by an infusion spring 404. A one-way rubber ring 405 is fixedly connected to the outer surface of the movable plate 406. When the movable plate 406 moves to the left, the one-way rubber ring 405 causes the movable plate 406 to squeeze the liquid on the left side to move.

[0025] The working principle of this invention is: During operation, the output of the drive motor 2 drives the stirring rod 11 to rotate. At this time, the pulverizing blade on the outer surface of the stirring rod 11 pulverizes the food inside the mixing tank 1. Subsequently, the food begins to be pulverized, and turbulence is generated inside the mixing tank 1. At this time, the baffle 101 begins to rotate under the pressure of the turbulence and compresses the air bag 102. Subsequently, the gas inside the air bag 102 flows through the air supply pipe 105 to the inside of the bellows 303. Then, the bellows 303 begins to expand, causing the synchronous plug 302 to move. At this time, along with the synchronous plug 302, air is drawn into the detection pipe 201 through the synchronous pipe 202. At this time, the piston 207 begins to move to the left. Meanwhile, as the baffle 101 rotates, the abutment block 110 no longer contacts the isolation plate 103. At this time, the isolation plate 103 is ejected by the elastic force of the reset spring. The food crushed inside the mixing tank 1 is then sucked into the detection tube 201 as the piston 207 moves. The movable plate 406 begins to move to the left as the piston 207 moves, and the digestion solution flows into the detection tube 201 through the infusion tube 403. At this time, the food mixes with the digestion solution, and the heavy metals in the food are detected by Faraday's law. When the control terminal 4 detects heavy metals in the food, the drive motor 2 stops running, the stirring rod 11 stops rotating, and then the air bag 102 returns to its initial state under the elastic force of the unloading spring 104. Then, the synchronous plug 302 is pushed to the right by the elastic force of the return spring 304. At this time, the piston 207 moves, and the locking rod 208 ends its contact with the unlocking rod 215. Then, the unlocking rod 215 begins to rebound under the elastic force of the unlocking spring 214, and at the same time, it drives the drive rod 209 to move. At this time, the food inside the detection tube 201 will flow out through the waste tube 205.

[0026] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any equivalent substitutions or modifications made by those skilled in the art within the scope of the technology disclosed in the present invention, based on the technical solution and inventive concept of the present invention, should be covered within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A pretreatment device for rapid detection of heavy metal components in food, comprising a stirring tank (1), characterized in that: A stirring rod (11) is rotatably installed at the inner end of the stirring barrel (1), and multiple pulverizing blades are fixedly installed on the outer surface of the stirring rod (11). A test cylinder (3) is fixedly connected to the left end of the stirring barrel (1). A detection tube (201) capable of detecting food is fixedly installed at the inner end of the test cylinder (3). A suction device for sucking food from inside the stirring barrel (1) into the detection tube (201) is also provided inside the test cylinder (3). An outer plate (31) is fixedly installed on the right inner side of the test cylinder (3). The outer plate (31) is parallel to the inner wall of the stirring barrel (1). A baffle (101) is rotatably installed at the end of the outer plate (31) away from the detection tube (201), and an air bag (102) is fixedly installed at the end of the baffle (101) away from the outer plate (31). An air supply pipe (105) is fixedly connected to the outer surface of the air bag (102).

2. The pretreatment device for rapid detection of heavy metal components in food according to claim 1, characterized in that: The outer surface of the outer plate (31) is provided with a rectangular hole, and a sleeve (106) is fixedly installed in the rectangular hole. A connecting pipe (111) is fixedly connected to the end of the sleeve (106) away from the baffle (101), and the connecting pipe (111) is fixedly connected to the detection pipe (201). A sealing ring (108) is fixedly connected to the inner end of the sleeve (106), and a sealing plate (109) is provided on the side of the sealing ring (108) away from the connecting pipe (111).

3. A pretreatment device for rapid detection of heavy metal components in food according to claim 2, characterized in that: The inner upper and lower ends of the casing (106) are slidably mounted with sliding plates (107). An isolation plate (103) is provided on the side of the casing (106) away from the connecting pipe (111), and the isolation plate (103) is fixedly connected to the sliding plate (107). The sliding plate (107) is fixedly connected to the sealing plate (109).

4. A pretreatment device for rapid detection of heavy metal components in food according to claim 1, characterized in that: A piston (207) is slidably installed on the inner end of the detection tube (201), and a sealing sleeve (203) is fixedly connected to the right inner side of the detection tube (201). An electrode sheet is fixedly connected to one end of the sealing sleeve (203) and the piston (207) respectively.

5. A pretreatment device for rapid detection of heavy metal components in food according to claim 4, characterized in that: A central rod (211) is slidably installed on the inner end of the sealing sleeve (203). A one-way plug (212) is fixedly installed on the left end of the central rod (211). A sliding rod (213) is slidably installed on the side of the detection tube (201) away from the sealing sleeve (203). Multiple arc plates (210) are rotatably installed on the end of the sliding rod (213) near the piston (207). The arc plates (210) are arranged in a ring. An unlocking rod (215) is passed through the side of the sliding rod (213) near the piston (207). A traction rod (216) is rotatably installed on the outer surface of the unlocking rod (215).

6. A pretreatment device for rapid detection of heavy metal components in food according to claim 5, characterized in that: The traction rod (216) is rotatably connected to the arc plate (210), and a locking rod (208) is fixedly connected to the left end of the piston (207). The locking rod (208) corresponds to the unlocking rod (215).

7. A pretreatment device for rapid detection of heavy metal components in food according to claim 1, characterized in that: The inhalation device includes a buffer cylinder (301), which is fixedly installed at the inner end of the test cylinder (3). A corrugated pipe (303) is fixedly installed at the inner end of the buffer cylinder (301), and the free end of the gas delivery pipe (105) is fixedly connected to the corrugated pipe (303).

8. A pretreatment device for rapid detection of heavy metal components in food according to claim 7, characterized in that: The output end of the detection tube (201) is fixedly connected to a synchronization tube (202). The free end of the synchronization tube (202) is fixedly connected to the outer surface of the buffer cylinder (301). The end of the corrugated tube (303) away from the gas supply pipe (105) is fixedly connected to a synchronization plug (302). The synchronization plug (302) and the buffer cylinder (301) are connected by a return spring (304).

9. A pretreatment device for rapid detection of heavy metal components in food according to claim 1, characterized in that: A reagent box (401) is fixedly installed at the inner end of the test tube (3), a measuring tube (402) is fixedly installed on the outer surface of the reagent box (401), an infusion tube (403) is fixedly connected to the output end of the measuring tube (402), and the free end of the infusion tube (403) passes through the inner end of the central rod (211).

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