Circuit system for detecting current

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of current detection, and discloses a circuit system for detecting current, which comprises an MCU (Microprogrammed Control Unit), a switch M1, a switch M2, an ADC1, a capacitor C and a WiFi (Wireless Fidelity) module for communicating with a mobile phone, the ADC1 is used for collecting and measuring the voltage V1 at the two ends of the capacitor C in real time; and the MCU is used for controlling the on-off of the switch M1 and the switch M2, and obtaining a V1 voltage value through the ADC1. According to the invention, the capacitor is used as a core element for current testing; the system has a convenient mobile phone control function, and a user can access the system to a circuit to be tested according to actual requirements when the current needs to be tested, so that the current is accurately tested by utilizing the capacitance characteristics. In the testing process, the system can acquire current data in real time; after the determination is finished, the system can automatically turn off related switches and quickly disconnect the connection with a main current circuit; the design ingeniously prevents the system from interfering with the normal operation of the main circuit in a non-test stage.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of current detection technology, specifically a circuit system for detecting current. Background Technology

[0002] Currently, digital pulse current is widely used in many applications, characterized by high frequency and large instantaneous current, making traditional measurement methods difficult to apply. Traditional methods have significant limitations. When using coupled inductors and Hall effect devices, the distributed inductance and capacitance are highly sensitive to frequency; as the frequency increases, the measurement accuracy drops significantly, failing to meet the requirements of digital pulse current measurement. While series resistors can be used for current measurement, they must be connected in series in the main circuit. This characteristic means they constantly consume electrical energy and generate heat, leading to energy waste and potential safety hazards due to heat generation, which is detrimental to energy conservation and environmental protection. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The purpose of this invention is to provide a circuit system for detecting current, so as to solve the problems mentioned in the background art.

[0004] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution: a circuit system for detecting current, comprising an MCU, a switch M1, a switch M2, an ADC1, a capacitor C, and a WiFi module for communicating with a mobile phone; the ADC1 is used to acquire and measure the voltage V1 across the capacitor C in real time; the MCU is used to control the on / off state of switches M1 and M2, acquire the voltage value V1 through the ADC1, determine whether to enter the test state based on the voltage value V1, control M1 to conduct and start timing during the test, control M1 to turn off when the voltage value V1 exceeds a set threshold VM, and also communicate with the mobile phone through the WiFi module to receive the test start command sent by the mobile phone.

[0005] Preferably, before testing, the MCU controls M1 to turn off and collects the V1 voltage value in real time through ADC1. If the V1 voltage value is zero, the system enters the test state; if it is not zero, the MCU controls M1 to turn off and controls M2 to turn on until the measured V1 voltage value is zero.

[0006] Preferably, the formula for calculating the real-time current i is: i=Cd(V1) / dt Where t is time, C is the capacitance, and V1 is the voltage across the capacitor.

[0007] Preferably, the capacitance C is related to the measured current range; the larger the capacitance, the larger the measured current range; the smaller the capacitance, the larger the measured current range.

[0008] Preferably, the MCU increases the range by controlling the on / off state of M1 and M2. Specifically, when M1 is on and M2 is off for a duration of T1, the capacitor charging process D1 is constituted; when M1 is off and M2 is on for a duration of T2, the capacitor discharging process D2 is constituted. The values ​​of T1 and T2 are adjustable, and D1 and D2 can be performed alternately.

[0009] Preferably, the WiFi module and the MCU use a standard communication protocol for data interaction. The mobile phone establishes a connection with the WiFi module through a specific application and sends a test start command and other control commands. After receiving the command from the mobile phone, the MCU can parse the command content and execute the corresponding operation. At the same time, it feeds back the real-time data during the test, including the V1 voltage value, the real-time current i value, and the timing duration information, to the mobile phone through the WiFi module to realize remote monitoring and control.

[0010] Preferably, the MCU has a built-in intelligent adjustment algorithm. This algorithm automatically calculates and adjusts the durations of T1 and T2 based on the currently measured current, the capacitance value of capacitor C, and the set range target, so that the capacitor achieves the best energy conversion efficiency during charging and discharging.

[0011] Preferably, the switches M1 and M2 are solid-state relays with low on-resistance and high isolation characteristics, which can quickly complete the switching action under the control of the MCU, reduce the impact of the switching action on the circuit state, and reduce the power consumption and heat generation of the switches themselves; and the switches M1 and M2 have overcurrent and overvoltage protection functions, which can automatically cut off the circuit when abnormal current or voltage occurs in the circuit.

[0012] The beneficial effects of this invention are as follows: 1. This invention uses a capacitor as the core component for current testing. The system features convenient mobile phone control, allowing users to connect it to the circuit under test when current measurement is required, utilizing the characteristics of capacitance for precise current testing. During testing, the system acquires current data in real time; after measurement, the system automatically shuts off the relevant switches, quickly disconnecting from the main current circuit. This design cleverly avoids interference with the normal operation of the main circuit during non-testing phases, ensuring both the stability and reliability of the main circuit and achieving flexibility and efficiency in current testing, demonstrating significant application value in the field of current detection. 2. This invention enables remote monitoring and control via mobile phone and WiFi module, greatly improving ease of use. The system has a complete pre-test preparation process to ensure accurate initial test conditions. It also features a precise real-time current calculation formula to accurately calculate current magnitude. Furthermore, the capacitance value is range-dependent, allowing for flexible adaptation to different range requirements through capacitor adjustment. The MCU controls the switching on / off state to adjust the range and incorporates an intelligent adjustment algorithm to automatically adjust charging and discharging times for optimal energy conversion efficiency. Switches M1 and M2 utilize solid-state relays with low on-resistance and high isolation characteristics, enabling rapid on / off action, minimizing impact on circuit status, reducing power consumption and heat generation. They also feature overcurrent and overvoltage protection functions, automatically cutting off abnormal circuits to ensure safe and stable system operation. Attached Figure Description

[0013] Figure 1 This is a circuit diagram of the circuit system of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0014] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0015] like Figure 1 As shown, this embodiment of the invention provides a circuit system for detecting current. The system includes an MCU, switch M1, switch M2, ADC1, capacitor C, and a WiFi module for communicating with a mobile phone. The ADC1 is used to acquire and measure the voltage V1 across capacitor C in real time. The MCU is used to control the on / off state of switches M1 and M2, acquire the voltage value of V1 through ADC1, determine whether to enter the test state based on the voltage value of V1, control M1 to conduct and start timing during the test, control M1 to turn off when the voltage value of V1 exceeds a set threshold VM, and also communicate with the mobile phone through the WiFi module to receive the test start command sent by the mobile phone.

[0016] The circuit system for detecting current is ingeniously designed and fully functional. It consists of an MCU, switches M1 and M2, an ADC1, a capacitor C, and a WiFi module. The ADC1 is responsible for acquiring the voltage V1 across capacitor C in real time. The MCU plays a core control role, controlling the on / off state of switches M1 and M2, and obtaining the V1 voltage value through the ADC1 to determine whether to enter the test state. During testing, the MCU controls M1 to conduct and times the test; when the V1 voltage value exceeds the set threshold VM, M1 is promptly turned off. In addition, the MCU communicates with a mobile phone via the WiFi module, receiving test start commands sent by the phone, enabling convenient remote control.

[0017] Before testing, the MCU controls M1 to turn off and uses ADC1 to collect the V1 voltage value in real time. If the V1 voltage value is zero, the system enters the test state; if it is not zero, the MCU controls M1 to turn off and controls M2 to turn on until the measured V1 voltage value is zero.

[0018] The system employs a rigorous pre-testing procedure. The MCU first shuts down capacitor M1 and uses ADC1 to acquire the voltage V1 across capacitor C in real time. If V1 is zero, the system directly enters the test state; otherwise, it shuts down M1 and turns on M2 to discharge until V1 reaches zero. Simultaneously, the system calculates the real-time current i using the formula i=Cd(V1) / dt, where t is time and C is the capacitance. This procedure ensures accurate initial test conditions, laying the foundation for precise current detection later.

[0019] The formula for calculating the real-time current i is as follows: i=Cd(V1) / dt Where t is time, C is the capacitance, and V1 is the voltage across the capacitor.

[0020] The system has a defined formula for calculating the real-time current i: i = Cd(V1) / dt. Here, t represents time, C is the capacitance, and V1 is the voltage across the capacitor. Using this formula, the system can accurately calculate the real-time current based on the change in voltage across the capacitor over time, providing crucial data for current detection.

[0021] The capacitance C is related to the measured current range; the larger the capacitance, the larger the measured current range; the smaller the capacitance, the larger the measured current range.

[0022] In this current detection circuit system, the capacitance C is closely related to the current range that can be measured. The capacitance directly affects the current range, exhibiting a special pattern: the larger the capacitance, the larger the current range that can be measured, and it can handle the detection of larger currents; while the smaller the capacitance, the larger the current range that can be measured. This statement may seem contradictory, but it may actually be based on specific circuit designs, meaning that a small capacitor can also cover a certain range of larger current detections under certain conditions.

[0023] The MCU controls the on / off state of M1 and M2 to increase the range. Specifically, when M1 is on and M2 is off for a duration of T1, the capacitor charging process D1 is constituted. When M1 is off and M2 is on for a duration of T2, the capacitor discharging process D2 is constituted. The values ​​of T1 and T2 are adjustable, and D1 and D2 can be performed alternately.

[0024] The MCU precisely controls the on / off states of switches M1 and M2 to extend the measurement range of the circuit system. When M1 is on and M2 is off for a duration of T1, a capacitor charging process D1 occurs; when M1 is off and M2 is on for a duration of T2, a capacitor discharging process D2 occurs. Since T1 and T2 are flexibly adjustable, and D1 and D2 can alternate, this dynamic adjustment allows the circuit to adapt to different current conditions, effectively widening the detectable current range and increasing the measurement range.

[0025] The WiFi module and the MCU communicate using a standard communication protocol. The mobile phone establishes a connection with the WiFi module through a specific application and sends test start commands and other control commands. After receiving the commands from the mobile phone, the MCU can parse the command content and execute the corresponding operations. At the same time, it feeds back real-time data during the test, such as the V1 voltage value, the real-time current i value, and the timing duration, to the mobile phone through the WiFi module to achieve remote monitoring and control.

[0026] The WiFi module and MCU interact via a standard communication protocol, allowing the mobile phone to connect to the WiFi module and send commands through a specific application, offering significant advantages. This greatly enhances operational convenience, enabling users to remotely control operations such as starting tests. Simultaneously, the MCU can parse commands and provide real-time data feedback, allowing users to remotely monitor key information such as V1 voltage and real-time current, facilitating timely adjustments to test parameters and improving testing efficiency and flexibility.

[0027] The MCU incorporates a built-in intelligent adjustment algorithm. This algorithm automatically calculates and adjusts the durations of T1 and T2 based on the measured current, the capacitance value of capacitor C, and the set range target. This ensures that the capacitor achieves optimal energy conversion efficiency during charging and discharging, thereby effectively increasing the range while maintaining detection accuracy.

[0028] The MCU's built-in intelligent adjustment algorithm can automatically and accurately calculate and dynamically adjust the durations of T1 and T2 based on the measured current magnitude, the capacitance value of capacitor C, and the set range target. This feature enables the capacitor to achieve optimal energy conversion efficiency during charging and discharging, avoiding energy waste and improving the energy utilization rate of the entire circuit system. On the other hand, while ensuring that the key indicator of detection accuracy remains unaffected, the algorithm effectively expands the measurement range. This means that the circuit system for detecting current can adapt to a wider range of current detection needs, accurately measuring both small and large currents, greatly enhancing the system's versatility and practicality, and providing users with a reliable and flexible solution for current detection in different scenarios.

[0029] The switches M1 and M2 are solid-state relays with low on-resistance and high isolation characteristics. Under MCU control, they can quickly complete switching actions, reducing the impact of switching actions on the circuit state and lowering their own power consumption and heat generation. Furthermore, switches M1 and M2 have overcurrent and overvoltage protection functions. When abnormal current or voltage occurs in the circuit, they can automatically disconnect the circuit, protecting other components in the circuit system from damage and ensuring the safe and reliable operation of the circuit system. The use of solid-state relays with low on-resistance and high isolation characteristics as switches M1 and M2 offers significant advantages. Low on-resistance reduces the switch's own power consumption, reduces heat generation, improves energy efficiency, and avoids overheating affecting circuit performance and component lifespan. High isolation characteristics enhance circuit stability and safety, reduce interference from switching actions to other parts of the circuit, and ensure test accuracy. They can quickly complete switching actions and rapidly respond to MCU control commands, making circuit state switching more timely and efficient. In addition, it has overcurrent and overvoltage protection functions. When abnormal current or voltage occurs in the circuit, it can automatically cut off the circuit, effectively protecting other components in the circuit system from damage, reducing the risk of failure, extending the service life of the entire current detection circuit system, and ensuring the stable and reliable operation of the system.

[0030] Example of a current detection circuit system I. System Composition This current detection circuit system includes an MCU, switch M1, switch M2, ADC1, capacitor C, and a WiFi module for communication with a mobile phone. Switches M1 and M2 are solid-state relays with low on-resistance and high isolation characteristics, providing overcurrent and overvoltage protection.

[0031] II. Preparations before work Before testing, the MCU controls M1 to turn off and uses ADC1 to acquire the voltage V1 across capacitor C in real time. If the voltage V1 is zero, the system enters the test state; if it is not zero, the MCU controls M1 to turn off and controls M2 to turn on until the measured voltage V1 is zero.

[0032] III. Testing Process Command reception: The mobile phone establishes a connection with the WiFi module through a specific application and sends a test start command. The WiFi module and the MCU exchange data using a standard communication protocol, and the MCU receives and parses the command.

[0033] Test Execution: The MCU controls M1 to turn on and starts timing, and capacitor C enters the charging process D1. The real-time current i is calculated according to the formula i=Cd(V1) / dt, where t is time, C is the capacitance value, and V1 is the voltage across the capacitor. When the V1 voltage value exceeds the set threshold VM, the MCU controls M1 to turn off, and capacitor C enters the discharging process D2. The values ​​of T1 (charging duration) and T2 (discharging duration) are adjustable, and D1 and D2 can be performed alternately. The MCU has a built-in intelligent adjustment algorithm that automatically calculates and adjusts the durations of T1 and T2 based on the currently measured current value, the capacitance value of capacitor C, and the set range target, so that the capacitor achieves the optimal energy conversion efficiency during charging and discharging.

[0034] Data feedback: The MCU feeds back real-time data during the test, including V1 voltage value, real-time current i value, and timing duration information, to the mobile phone via the WiFi module, enabling remote monitoring and control.

[0035] IV. End of Test After the measurement is completed, the MCU controls the relevant switches to turn off and disconnect from the main current circuit to avoid affecting the normal operation of the circuit.

[0036] It should be noted that, in this document, relational terms such as "first" and "second" are used only to distinguish one entity or operation from another, and do not necessarily require or imply any such actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. Furthermore, the terms "comprising," "including," or any other variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements includes not only those elements but also other elements not expressly listed, or elements inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus.

[0037] Although embodiments of the invention have been shown and described, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A circuit system for detecting current, characterized in that: The system includes an MCU, switches M1 and M2, an ADC1, a capacitor C, and a WiFi module for communicating with a mobile phone. The ADC1 is used to acquire and measure the voltage V1 across the capacitor C in real time. The MCU is used to control the on / off state of switches M1 and M2, acquire the voltage value of V1 through the ADC1, determine whether to enter the test state based on the voltage value of V1, control M1 to conduct and start timing during the test, and control M1 to turn off when the voltage value of V1 exceeds the set threshold VM. It also communicates with the mobile phone through the WiFi module to receive the test start command sent by the mobile phone.

2. The circuit system for detecting current according to claim 1, characterized in that: Before testing, the MCU controls M1 to turn off and collects the V1 voltage value in real time through ADC1. If the V1 voltage value is zero, the system enters the test state; if it is not zero, the MCU controls M1 to turn off and controls M2 to turn on until the measured V1 voltage value is zero.

3. The circuit system for detecting current according to claim 1, characterized in that: The formula for calculating the real-time current i is: i=Cd(V1) / dt Where t is time, C is the capacitance, and V1 is the voltage across the capacitor.

4. The circuit system for detecting current according to claim 1, characterized in that: The capacitance C is related to the measured current range; the larger the capacitance, the larger the measured current range; the smaller the capacitance, the larger the measured current range.

5. The circuit system for detecting current according to claim 1, characterized in that: The MCU increases the range by controlling the on / off state of M1 and M2. Specifically, when M1 is on and M2 is off for a duration of T1, it constitutes the capacitor charging process D1. When M1 is off and M2 is on for a duration of T2, it constitutes the capacitor discharging process D2. The values ​​of T1 and T2 are adjustable, and D1 and D2 can be performed alternately.

6. The circuit system for detecting current according to claim 1, characterized in that: The WiFi module and the MCU communicate using a standard communication protocol. The mobile phone establishes a connection with the WiFi module through a specific application and sends a test start command and other control commands. After receiving the commands from the mobile phone, the MCU can parse the command content and execute the corresponding operations. At the same time, it feeds back the real-time data during the test, including the V1 voltage value, the real-time current i value, and the timing duration information, to the mobile phone through the WiFi module to achieve remote monitoring and control.

7. The circuit system for detecting current according to claim 1, characterized in that: The MCU has a built-in intelligent adjustment algorithm. This algorithm automatically calculates and adjusts the durations of T1 and T2 based on the measured current, the capacitance value of capacitor C, and the set range target, so that the capacitor achieves the best energy conversion efficiency during charging and discharging.

8. The circuit system for detecting current according to claim 1, characterized in that: The switches M1 and M2 are solid-state relays with low on-resistance and high isolation characteristics. They can quickly complete the switching action under the control of the MCU, reducing the impact of the switching action on the circuit state and reducing the power consumption and heat generation of the switches themselves. In addition, switches M1 and M2 have overcurrent and overvoltage protection functions, and can automatically cut off the circuit when abnormal current or voltage occurs in the circuit.

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