A method, system, device, and medium for analyzing lightning strike distribution of a power transmission line

Abstract

The application provides a power transmission line lightning stroke distribution analysis method, system, device and medium, comprising: time and space correlation matching of power transmission line transient waveform data and lightning data to obtain lightning stroke waveform data; based on the lightning stroke waveform data, using the traveling wave propagation double-end positioning principle combined with the power transmission line data, calculating the lightning stroke point position; extracting the characteristic parameters of the lightning stroke waveform data, comparing with the pre-constructed waveform feature criterion library of each lightning stroke type to determine the lightning stroke type recognition result; statistically analyzing the lightning stroke point position and the lightning stroke type recognition result to generate a line lightning stroke distribution map and a statistical report as the power transmission line lightning stroke distribution analysis result; based on the lightning stroke waveform data, using the traveling wave propagation double-end positioning principle combined with the power transmission line data, the positioning accuracy of the lightning stroke point is greatly improved, which helps to master the line lightning rule, reasonably plan the lightning protection measures, and improve the operation reliability and safety of the power transmission line.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application belongs to the technical field of lightning protection of power transmission lines, and particularly relates to a lightning strike distribution analysis method, system, device and medium for power transmission lines. BACKGROUND

[0002] With the continuous development of the power system, the scale of the power transmission line is increasing, and lightning strike is one of the important factors affecting the safe and stable operation of the power transmission line. The fault caused by lightning strike seriously threatens the reliable power supply of the power system. Accurate analysis of the lightning strike distribution of overhead power transmission lines is of great significance for preventing lightning strike faults and improving the lightning protection level of power transmission lines.

[0003] At present, although there are some monitoring and analysis methods for lightning strikes on power transmission lines, there are generally problems such as low positioning accuracy of lightning strike points and inability to comprehensively obtain line lightning strike distribution information. The lightning positioning system has the characteristics of wide detection range and can count the ground flash density distribution of the line corridor, which helps to analyze the high-risk sections of the line lightning strike, but its positioning accuracy (usually hundreds of meters to several kilometers) and detection object (ground flash) determine that it cannot directly identify the specific line lightning strike part (conductor, ground wire, tower). The direct measurement method needs to install equipment at each tower or even each insulator string, which is extremely low in economy and cannot be widely applied. The line monitoring data (such as traveling wave data of the distributed fault diagnosis system) are used to calculate the lightning strike rate, but because the monitoring data contain a large number of invalid or interference waveforms generated by switch operation, load fluctuation, non-lightning strike faults and the like, the existing method cannot effectively distinguish lightning strike from non-lightning strike waveforms, resulting in insufficient accuracy and accuracy of the line lightning strike rate obtained therefrom, which seriously affects the pertinence of lightning protection measures. Therefore, there is an urgent need for a method and system that can improve the positioning accuracy of lightning strike points and comprehensively count the lightning strike distribution. SUMMARY

[0004] In order to overcome the shortcomings of the prior art, the present application provides a lightning strike distribution analysis method for a power transmission line, characterized in that it comprises:

[0005] temporally and spatially correlating and matching the transient waveform data and lightning data of the power transmission line to obtain lightning waveform data;

[0006] based on the lightning waveform data, using the traveling wave propagation double-end positioning principle combined with the power transmission line data to calculate the lightning strike point position;

[0007] extracting the characteristic parameters of the lightning waveform data and comparing them with the pre-constructed waveform feature criterion library of each lightning type to determine the lightning type recognition result;

[0008] statistically analyzing the lightning strike point position and the lightning type recognition result to generate a line lightning strike distribution map and a statistical report as the lightning strike distribution analysis result of the power transmission line.

[0009] Preferably, the space-time correlation matching of the transmission line transient waveform data and the lightning data obtains lightning stroke waveform data, comprising:

[0010] Obtaining the transmission line transient waveform data by using a distributed fault monitoring system of the transmission line;

[0011] Obtaining the lightning data by using a lightning positioning system;

[0012] From the transmission line transient waveform data and the lightning data, screening out the transmission line transient waveform data and the lightning data which simultaneously satisfy the pre-set time threshold and space threshold as a data pair generated by the same lightning stroke event;

[0013] Taking the transmission line transient waveform data in the data pair as the lightning stroke waveform data.

[0014] Preferably, the screening out of the transmission line transient waveform data and the lightning data which simultaneously satisfy the pre-set time threshold and space threshold from the transmission line transient waveform data and the lightning data as a data pair generated by the same lightning stroke event, comprises:

[0015] Screening out the transmission line transient waveform data and the lightning data whose time difference between the occurrence time of the transmission line transient waveform data and the occurrence time of the lightning data is within the time threshold;

[0016] From the lightning data within the time threshold, screening out the lightning data which satisfies the space threshold as the final lightning data;

[0017] Taking the transmission line transient waveform data within the time threshold and the final lightning data as a data pair generated by the same lightning stroke event.

[0018] Preferably, the calculation of the lightning stroke point position based on the lightning stroke waveform data by using the traveling wave propagation double-end positioning principle combined with the transmission line data, comprises:

[0019] Using a lightning stroke waveform head recognition method to extract the head of the lightning stroke waveform signal from the lightning stroke waveform data;

[0020] Calculating the time difference of the head arriving at different monitoring points of the transmission line;

[0021] According to the time difference combined with the span information of the transmission line and the lightning stroke waveform wave speed, using the traveling wave propagation double-end positioning principle to calculate the lightning stroke point position;

[0022] The lightning stroke waveform head recognition method comprises one or more of the following: wavelet transform method, mathematical morphological filtering method, variational mode decomposition method and Hilbert-Huang transform method.

[0023] Preferably, the feature parameters of the lightning stroke waveform data are compared with a pre-constructed waveform feature criterion library of each lightning stroke type to determine a lightning stroke type recognition result, including:

[0024] extracting the feature parameters of the lightning stroke waveform data;

[0025] determining the lightning stroke type of the lightning stroke waveform data based on the feature parameters and using the waveform feature judgment basis in the waveform feature criterion library of each lightning stroke type;

[0026] The feature parameters include waveform amplitude, positive and negative peak values, and main wave width. The waveform feature criterion library of the lightning stroke type is constructed based on waveform feature parameters of different phases of lightning stroke waveforms. The lightning stroke types include one or more of the following: lightning stroke on a conductor, lightning stroke on a ground wire, lightning stroke on a tower, and lightning stroke on the ground.

[0027] Preferably, the determination of the lightning stroke type of the lightning stroke waveform data based on the feature parameters and using the waveform feature judgment basis in the waveform feature criterion library of each lightning stroke type includes:

[0028] If the waveform amplitude monitored in one phase of the AC line is more than twice the waveform amplitudes monitored in the other two phases of the AC line, it is determined that the lightning stroke type of the lightning stroke waveform data is lightning stroke on a conductor.

[0029] If the amplitude ratio of the waveform amplitudes of the one phase, the two phases, and the three phases does not exceed a pre-set amplitude ratio threshold, the waveform amplitudes are all greater than 100 kA, the absolute value ratio of the positive and negative peak values of each phase is between pre-set absolute value ratio thresholds, and the main wave width is less than 20 μs, it is determined that the lightning stroke type of the lightning stroke waveform data is lightning stroke on a ground wire.

[0030] If the amplitude ratio of the waveform amplitudes of the one phase, the two phases, and the three phases does not exceed a pre-set amplitude ratio threshold, the waveform amplitudes are all greater than 100 kA, and the main wave width is greater than 40 μs, it is determined that the lightning stroke type of the lightning stroke waveform data is lightning stroke on a tower.

[0031] If the amplitude ratio of the waveform amplitudes of the one phase, the two phases, and the three phases does not exceed a pre-set amplitude ratio threshold, and the waveform amplitude of each phase is less than 100 kA, it is determined that the lightning stroke type of the lightning stroke waveform data is lightning stroke on the ground.

[0032] Preferably, the amplitude ratio threshold is 0.8-1.2, and the absolute value ratio threshold is 0.9-1.1.

[0033] Preferably, the lightning point position and the lightning type recognition result are statistically analyzed to generate a line lightning distribution map and a statistical report as a transmission line lightning distribution analysis result, including:

[0034] From the lightning point position and the lightning type recognition result, the lightning point position and the lightning type recognition result of all lightning events of the target transmission line in a specified time period are selected;

[0035] According to the lightning point position and the lightning type recognition result of all lightning events of the target transmission line in a specified time period, the number of lightning strikes in different geographical positions, the number of occurrences and frequency of different lightning types, and the lightning density of different line sections are counted to generate a line lightning distribution map and a statistical report as a transmission line lightning distribution analysis result.

[0036] Based on the same inventive concept, the application also provides a transmission line lightning distribution analysis system, comprising: a lightning waveform data generation module, a lightning point position determination module, a lightning type recognition module and a lightning distribution analysis module;

[0037] The lightning waveform data generation module is used for spatio-temporal correlation matching of transmission line transient waveform data and lightning data to obtain lightning waveform data;

[0038] The lightning point position determination module is used for calculating the lightning point position based on the lightning waveform data and using the traveling wave propagation double-end positioning principle combined with transmission line data;

[0039] The lightning type recognition module is used for extracting the characteristic parameters of the lightning waveform data, comparing with the pre-constructed waveform feature criterion library of each lightning type, and determining the lightning type recognition result;

[0040] The lightning distribution analysis module is used for statistically analyzing the lightning point position and the lightning type recognition result to generate a line lightning distribution map and a statistical report as a transmission line lightning distribution analysis result.

[0041] Preferably, the lightning waveform data generation module comprises:

[0042] The transmission line transient waveform data acquisition submodule is used for acquiring transmission line transient waveform data by using a transmission line distributed fault monitoring system;

[0043] The lightning data acquisition submodule is used for acquiring lightning data by using a lightning positioning system;

[0044] The lightning data pair determining sub-module is configured to filter, from the transmission line transient waveform data and the lightning data, transmission line transient waveform data and lightning data that satisfy preset time threshold and space threshold at the same time as a data pair generated by a same lightning stroke event;

[0045] The lightning waveform data determining sub-module is configured to determine the transmission line transient waveform data in the data pair as lightning waveform data.

[0046] Preferably, the lightning data pair determining sub-module is specifically configured to:

[0047] filter transmission line transient waveform data and lightning data within the time threshold according to a time difference between a time when the transmission line transient waveform data occurs and a time when the lightning data occurs;

[0048] filter lightning data that satisfies the space threshold from the lightning data within the time threshold as final lightning data;

[0049] determine the transmission line transient waveform data within the time threshold and the final lightning data as a data pair generated by a same lightning stroke event.

[0050] Preferably, the lightning point position determining module is specifically configured to:

[0051] extract a wave head of the lightning waveform signal from the lightning waveform data by using a lightning waveform wave head recognition method;

[0052] calculate a time difference between the wave head reaching different monitoring points of the transmission line;

[0053] calculate the lightning point position by using a traveling wave propagation double-end positioning principle according to the time difference, span information of the transmission line, and a lightning waveform wave speed;

[0054] The lightning waveform wave head recognition method includes one or more of the following: a wavelet transform method, a mathematical morphological filtering method, a variational mode decomposition method, and a Hilbert-Huang transform method.

[0055] Preferably, the lightning type recognition module includes:

[0056] The feature parameter extracting sub-module is configured to extract a feature parameter of the lightning waveform data;

[0057] The lightning type determining sub-module is configured to determine a lightning type of the lightning waveform data based on the feature parameter by using a waveform feature judgment basis in a waveform feature criterion library of each lightning type.

[0058] The characteristic parameters include waveform amplitude, positive and negative peak value of waveform and main wave width; the waveform characteristic criterion library of the lightning stroke type is constructed based on the waveform characteristic parameters of different phases of lightning stroke waveform; the lightning stroke types include one or more of the following: lightning stroke conductor, lightning stroke ground wire, lightning stroke tower and lightning stroke ground.

[0059] Preferably, the lightning stroke type determination sub-module is specifically used for:

[0060] If the waveform amplitude monitored in one phase of the AC line is more than twice the waveform amplitudes monitored in the second phase and the third phase of the AC line, it is determined that the lightning stroke type of the lightning stroke waveform data is lightning stroke conductor;

[0061] If the amplitude ratio of the waveform amplitudes of the one phase, the second phase and the third phase does not exceed a pre-set amplitude ratio threshold value, the waveform amplitudes are all greater than 100 kA, the absolute value ratio of the positive and negative peak values of the waveform of each phase is between pre-set absolute value ratio threshold values, and the main wave width is less than 20 μs, it is determined that the lightning stroke type of the lightning stroke waveform data is lightning stroke ground wire;

[0062] If the amplitude ratio of the waveform amplitudes of the one phase, the second phase and the third phase does not exceed a pre-set amplitude ratio threshold value, the waveform amplitudes are all greater than 100 kA, and the main wave width is greater than 40 μs, it is determined that the lightning stroke type of the lightning stroke waveform data is lightning stroke tower;

[0063] If the amplitude ratio of the waveform amplitudes of the one phase, the second phase and the third phase does not exceed a pre-set amplitude ratio threshold value, and the waveform amplitude of each phase is less than 100 kA, it is determined that the lightning stroke type of the lightning stroke waveform data is lightning stroke ground.

[0064] Preferably, the amplitude ratio threshold value is 0.8-1.2, and the absolute value ratio threshold value is 0.9-1.1.

[0065] Preferably, the lightning distribution analysis module is specifically used for:

[0066] From the lightning point positions and the lightning type identification results, the lightning point positions and the lightning type identification results of all lightning events of the target transmission line in a specified time period are selected;

[0067] According to the lightning point positions and the lightning type identification results of all lightning events of the target transmission line in a specified time period, the number of lightning strokes in different geographical positions, the number of occurrences and the frequency of different lightning types, and the lightning density of different line sections are counted, and a line lightning distribution map and a statistical report are generated as a lightning distribution analysis result of the transmission line.

[0068] Based on the same inventive concept, the application also provides an electronic device, comprising: at least one processor and a memory; the memory and the processor are connected through a bus;

[0069] the memory, configured to store one or more programs;

[0070] When the one or more programs are executed by the at least one processor, a power transmission line lightning stroke distribution analysis method as described above is implemented.

[0071] Based on the same inventive concept, the application also provides a readable storage medium having a computer program stored thereon, and an execution program is stored thereon, and the execution program is executed to implement a power transmission line lightning stroke distribution analysis method as described above.

[0072] Compared with the closest prior art, the application has the following beneficial effects:

[0073] The application provides a power transmission line lightning stroke distribution analysis method, system, device and medium, comprising: performing space-time correlation matching on power transmission line transient waveform data and lightning data to obtain lightning waveform data; based on the lightning waveform data, adopting a traveling wave propagation double-end positioning principle combined with power transmission line data to calculate a lightning point position; extracting a characteristic parameter of the lightning waveform data, and comparing the characteristic parameter with a pre-constructed waveform characteristic criterion library of each lightning type to determine a lightning type recognition result; performing statistical analysis on the lightning point position and the lightning type recognition result to generate a line lightning distribution map and a statistical report as a power transmission line lightning distribution analysis result; the application performs space-time correlation matching on power transmission line transient waveform data and lightning data, can accurately obtain lightning waveform data, and provides a reliable data basis for subsequent analysis; based on the lightning waveform data, the traveling wave propagation double-end positioning principle combined with the power transmission line data greatly improves the positioning accuracy of the lightning point, and the positioning error is significantly reduced compared with a traditional method; through accurate identification of the lightning point position and the lightning type, and comprehensive statistics on line lightning conditions, line lightning distribution information can be quickly obtained, which helps power departments to timely master line lightning rules, reasonably plan lightning protection measures, and improve the operation reliability and safety of the power transmission line. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0074] Figure 1 A power transmission line lightning stroke distribution analysis method flowchart is provided for the application;

[0075] Figure 2 A power transmission line lightning stroke distribution analysis method specific example diagram is provided for the application;

[0076] Figure 3 A power transmission line lightning stroke distribution analysis system diagram is provided for the application;

[0077] Figure 4 A structure diagram of an electronic device is provided for the application. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0078] The specific embodiments of the present application will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0079] Embodiment 1

[0080] The power transmission line lightning distribution analysis method provided by the present application is shown as follows, comprising: Figure 1

[0081] Step 1: Time-space correlation matching is performed on the transient waveform data and lightning data of the power transmission line to obtain lightning waveform data;

[0082] Step 2: Based on the lightning waveform data, the lightning point position is calculated by using the traveling wave propagation double-end positioning principle combined with the power transmission line data;

[0083] Step 3: The characteristic parameters of the lightning waveform data are extracted, and compared with the waveform feature criterion library of each lightning type constructed in advance to determine the lightning type recognition result;

[0084] Step 4: Statistical analysis is performed on the lightning point position and the lightning type recognition result to generate a line lightning distribution map and a statistical report as the power transmission line lightning distribution analysis result.

[0085] With the development of the power system in China, the scale of overhead power transmission lines is continuously expanding, and lightning seriously threatens the safe and stable operation thereof. In the prior art, the ground flash density distribution of the line corridor is counted by a lightning positioning system, but the actual lightning distribution of the line body (conductor, ground wire, tower) cannot be directly reflected. The tower striking rate is calculated by line monitoring data (such as traveling wave data), but there are a large number of non-lightning interference waveforms in the monitoring data, which cannot effectively confirm that the data is generated by lightning, resulting in insufficient accuracy and accuracy of the line tower striking rate calculated therefrom, which seriously affects the scientificity of lightning protection measures.

[0086] In one implementation manner, the time-space correlation matching is performed on the transient waveform data and lightning data of the power transmission line to obtain lightning waveform data, comprising:

[0087] The transient waveform data of the power transmission line is obtained by using a distributed fault monitoring system of the power transmission line;

[0088] For example, the transient waveform data of the power transmission line is obtained by using a distributed fault monitoring system of the power transmission line. The transient waveform data of the power transmission line is the instantaneous electromagnetic pulse signal data generated along the line when the power transmission line is struck by lightning, which contains waveform form, amplitude, phase, frequency and other characteristics.

[0089] The lightning data is obtained by using a lightning positioning system;​

[0090] The lightning positioning system is a system for determining parameters such as lightning occurrence time, geographical position (latitude and longitude), lightning current amplitude, etc. by monitoring lightning electromagnetic radiation signals through multiple stations.

[0091] From the power transmission line transient waveform data and the lightning data, power transmission line transient waveform data and lightning data that simultaneously satisfy a pre-set time threshold and a space threshold are screened out as a data pair generated by the same lightning stroke event.

[0092] The time and space information of the power transmission line transient waveform data and the lightning data are matched in time and space, and data having correlation in time and space is screened out, so as to obtain lightning waveform data.

[0093] The power transmission line transient waveform data in the data pair is taken as lightning waveform data. The power transmission line transient waveform data and the lightning data are respectively collected by the power transmission line distributed fault monitoring system and the lightning positioning system, and are associated and matched by setting a time threshold and a space threshold.

[0094] In an implementation manner, the power transmission line transient waveform data and the lightning data that simultaneously satisfy the pre-set time threshold and the space threshold are screened out from the power transmission line transient waveform data and the lightning data as the data pair generated by the same lightning stroke event, including:

[0095] The time difference between the power transmission line transient waveform data occurrence time and the lightning data occurrence time is screened out, and the power transmission line transient waveform data and the lightning data within the time threshold are screened out.

[0096] From the lightning data within the time threshold, lightning data satisfying the space threshold are screened out as final lightning data.

[0097] The power transmission line transient waveform data within the time threshold and the final lightning data are taken as the data pair generated by the same lightning stroke event.

[0098] For example, a time threshold (e.g. 2 ms) and a space threshold (e.g. 5 km) are set, when the time difference between the occurrence time of the power transmission line transient waveform data and the time of the lightning data is within 2 ms, and the lightning data is a lightning record within 5 km of the line corridor. The set of time and space associated power transmission line transient waveform data and lightning data is determined as a pair of data generated by the same lightning event.

[0099] In an implementation, based on the lightning waveform data, a traveling wave propagation double-end positioning principle is used in combination with power transmission line data to calculate the lightning point position, including:

[0100] A lightning waveform wave head recognition method is used to extract the wave head of the lightning waveform signal from the lightning waveform data.

[0101] For example, the wave head arrival time of the lightning waveform data is detected as follows: a lightning waveform wave head recognition method such as wavelet transform, mathematical morphological filtering, etc. is used to analyze the rising edge characteristics of the lightning waveform, and the starting point (wave head) of the traveling wave signal is accurately extracted.

[0102] The time difference of the wave head arriving at different monitoring points of the power transmission line is calculated.

[0103] For example, according to the multiple monitoring points set on the power transmission line, the traveling wave generated by the lightning propagates to each monitoring point at a certain wave speed, and the time difference of the wave head arriving at different monitoring points is calculated.

[0104] According to the time difference in combination with the span information of the power transmission line and the wave speed of the lightning waveform, a traveling wave propagation double-end positioning principle is used to calculate the lightning point position.

[0105] For example, according to the time difference of the wave head arriving at different monitoring points, in combination with the span information of the power transmission line and the wave speed of the lightning waveform, a traveling wave propagation double-end positioning principle is used to calculate the position of the lightning point, to achieve accurate positioning of the lightning point. The double-end positioning principle is based on the time difference (Δt) of the lightning traveling wave arriving at the monitoring points at both ends of the line, the span information of the power transmission line: the length (L) of the line and the wave speed (v) of the lightning waveform, through the calculation formula of the distance of the lightning point from the near end, to calculate the position of the lightning point. The calculation formula of the distance of the lightning point from the near end is as follows:

[0106] x = (L - v x Δt) / 2

[0107] Where x is the distance of the lightning point from the near end, L is the length of the line, Δt is the time difference, and v is the wave speed of the lightning waveform.

[0108] The lightning stroke waveform head recognition method comprises one or more of the following: wavelet transform method, mathematical morphological filtering method, variational mode decomposition method and Hilbert-Huang transform method; the application adopts advanced signal processing methods such as wavelet transform to accurately detect the wave head, and greatly improves the positioning accuracy of the lightning stroke point in combination with the double-end positioning principle, and the positioning error can be controlled within 300 meters, which is significantly reduced compared with the traditional method; the wave head detection algorithm is used to analyze the rising edge characteristics of the lightning stroke waveform, the time of the wave head reaching each monitoring point is determined, the distance calculation is carried out according to the traveling wave propagation theory in combination with the topology of the transmission line and the position of the monitoring point, and the accurate positioning of the lightning stroke point is realized.

[0109] In an implementation manner, the feature parameters of the lightning stroke waveform data are compared with a pre-constructed waveform feature criterion library of each lightning stroke type to determine a lightning stroke type recognition result, comprising:

[0110] The feature parameters of the lightning stroke waveform data are extracted;

[0111] Based on the feature parameters, the waveform feature judgment basis in the waveform feature criterion library of each lightning stroke type is used to determine the lightning stroke type of the lightning stroke waveform data;

[0112] For example, the waveform features of different phases of lightning stroke waveforms are analyzed, the feature parameters such as amplitude, phase and frequency of the waveform are extracted, the waveform feature criterion library of different lightning stroke types (including but not limited to lightning stroke conductor, lightning stroke ground wire, lightning stroke tower and lightning stroke ground) is established according to the feature parameters of different lightning stroke waveforms, and the recognition of different lightning stroke types is realized by comparing and matching the extracted feature parameters with the waveform feature criterion library of each lightning stroke type.

[0113] The feature parameters comprise waveform amplitude, positive and negative peak values and main wave width; the waveform feature criterion library of the lightning stroke type is constructed based on the waveform feature parameters of different phases of lightning stroke waveforms; the lightning stroke types comprise one or more of the following: lightning stroke conductor, lightning stroke ground wire, lightning stroke tower and lightning stroke ground; based on the in-depth analysis and feature extraction of the waveform features of different phases of lightning stroke waveforms, the application establishes the waveform feature criterion library of the effective lightning stroke type recognition rule based on multi-dimensional waveform features, and can accurately distinguish different types of lightning strokes, thereby providing a more accurate basis for the formulation of line lightning protection measures.

[0114] In an implementation manner, based on the feature parameters, the waveform feature judgment basis in the waveform feature criterion library of each lightning stroke type is used to determine the lightning stroke type of the lightning stroke waveform data, comprising:

[0115] If the waveform amplitude monitored in one phase of the alternating current line is more than 2 times the waveform amplitudes monitored in two phases and three phases of the alternating current line, it is determined that the lightning stroke type of the lightning stroke waveform data is lightning stroke conductor.

[0116] For example, in the AC line, the lightning stroke waveform is monitored by all three-phase conductors: if the amplitude of one phase waveform (the absolute value of the peak in the waveform) is 2 times or more than the amplitudes of the other two phase waveforms, it is determined that the lightning stroke is on the conductor.

[0117] If the amplitude ratio of the waveform amplitudes of the one phase, two phase and three phase does not exceed the pre-set amplitude ratio threshold, the waveform amplitudes are all greater than 100 kA, the absolute value ratio of the positive and negative peak values of each phase waveform is between the pre-set absolute value ratio threshold, and the main wave width is less than 20 μs, it is determined that the lightning stroke type of the lightning stroke waveform data is lightning stroke on the ground wire.

[0118] For example, if the three-phase waveform amplitudes are equivalent (the amplitude ratio range is between 0.8-1.2) and greater than 100 kA, and the absolute value ratio of the positive and negative peak values of each phase waveform is between 0.9-1.1 and the main wave width is less than 20 μs, it is determined that the lightning stroke is on the ground wire.

[0119] If the amplitude ratio of the waveform amplitudes of the one phase, two phase and three phase does not exceed the pre-set amplitude ratio threshold, the waveform amplitudes are all greater than 100 kA, and the main wave width is greater than 40 μs, it is determined that the lightning stroke type of the lightning stroke waveform data is lightning stroke on the tower.

[0120] For example, if the three-phase waveform amplitudes are equivalent (the amplitude ratio range is between 0.8-1.2) and greater than 100 kA, and the main wave width is greater than 40 μs, it is determined that the lightning stroke is on the tower.

[0121] If the amplitude ratio of the waveform amplitudes of the one phase, two phase and three phase does not exceed the pre-set amplitude ratio threshold, and the waveform amplitude of each phase is less than 100 kA, it is determined that the lightning stroke type of the lightning stroke waveform data is lightning stroke on the ground.

[0122] For example, if the amplitudes of the three-phase waveforms are comparable (amplitude ratio range is between 0.8-1.2) and less than 100kA, it is judged as lightning striking the ground. Alternatively, based on the annotated lightning waveform data set, a lightning type classification model is trained through machine learning (such as support vector machine SVM, random forest, deep learning) method for recognition. This method may have stronger feature learning ability, but requires higher quality and quantity of training data; the technical content of the prior art Chinese patent document (patent number 104614577 B) a method for obtaining the lightning rod rate of a power transmission line based on measured lightning data, which relies on line traveling wave monitoring data to determine lightning events, and the accuracy cannot be guaranteed. There are a large number of invalid waveforms or traveling wave data triggered by non-lightning reasons in the actual operation of the distributed fault monitoring device. The key defect is that it is not verified by the time and space correlation of the lightning monitoring data of the lightning location system, which leads to the inability to confirm the lightning waveform. The line lightning rod rate based on this analysis is seriously inconsistent with the actual situation. Therefore, the prior art only relies on traveling wave monitoring data without combining the lightning time and space information of the lightning location system, resulting in about 30%-50% of non-lightning traveling waves (such as operating overvoltage, device noise) being misjudged as lightning signals (the present invention can reduce the misjudgment rate to less than 5% through time and space correlation); in addition, the different waveform recognition method proposed only relies on simple qualitative criteria (without specific quantifiable feature thresholds or models), which lacks robustness and universality, and has insufficient operability and feasibility in actual complex and variable field environments, making it difficult to guarantee the accuracy of the recognition result, limiting its popularization and application. The present invention clearly defines the quantification rules (such as amplitude ratio 0.8-1.2, wave width <20μs, etc.), which are operable.

[0123] In an implementation manner, the amplitude ratio threshold is 0.8-1.2; and the absolute value ratio threshold is 0.9-1.1.

[0124] In an implementation manner, the lightning point position and the lightning type recognition result are statistically analyzed to generate a lightning distribution map and a statistical report of a transmission line as a lightning distribution analysis result of the transmission line, including:

[0125] From the lightning point position and the lightning type recognition result, the lightning point position and the lightning type recognition result of all lightning events of a target transmission line in a specified time period are selected;

[0126] According to the lightning point position and the lightning type recognition result of all lightning events of the target transmission line in the specified time period, the number of lightning strikes in different geographical positions, the number of occurrences and frequency of different lightning types, and the lightning density of different line sections are counted to generate a lightning distribution map and a statistical report of a transmission line as a lightning distribution analysis result of the transmission line.

[0127] For example, based on the lightning strike location results and lightning strike type identification results, statistical analysis is performed on all lightning strike events of the target transmission line within a specified time period. The statistical content includes, but is not limited to: the number of lightning strikes at different geographical locations (tower number, location within span), the frequency and occurrence of different lightning strike types (lightning strikes to conductors, ground wires / towers, ground strikes, etc.), and the lightning strike density in different line sections (e.g., every 5 kilometers or divided by terrain). Visualization methods such as map overlay, heat maps, bar charts, and pie charts are used to intuitively display the spatiotemporal distribution characteristics of line lightning strikes, generating a line lightning strike distribution map and statistical report. Accurate identification of lightning strike points and types, and comprehensive statistical analysis of line lightning strikes, allows for rapid acquisition of line lightning strike distribution information, helping power departments to promptly grasp line lightning strike patterns, rationally plan lightning protection measures, and improve the operational reliability and safety of transmission lines.

[0128] Compared with existing technologies, the present invention has significant technological advantages. Through, as shown in... Figure 2 The diagram illustrates a specific example of a method for analyzing lightning strike distribution on transmission lines. It utilizes the spatiotemporal fusion and correlation of lightning monitoring data from a lightning location system and transient traveling wave data from a distributed fault diagnosis system to address the limitations of single-system data and filter out high-confidence transient traveling wave data. By employing wavefront arrival time detection and traveling wave time difference positioning principles, it achieves high-precision location of lightning strike points. Based on the waveform characteristics (such as amplitude, phase, frequency, and wave width) of transient traveling waves of different phases, it constructs a lightning strike type classification rule base to accurately identify lightning strikes on conductors, ground wires / towers, and the ground. Statistical analysis of line lightning strikes comprehensively and accurately presents the line's lightning strike distribution, providing strong data support for lightning protection strategy formulation and significantly improving the lightning protection performance and operational reliability of transmission lines. This invention has been used to analyze lightning faults and major hidden dangers on important lines in some provinces. The results show that this method can accurately analyze the lightning strike distribution on lines and provide important data support for line lightning protection maintenance. Currently, the application of this technology nationwide has not been fully rolled out and is only being practiced in a few pilot areas. From a future application perspective, as the power system continues to expand, the impact of lightning strikes on the safe operation of overhead transmission lines is becoming increasingly prominent, making the need for precise lightning strike monitoring and analysis technology for transmission line maintenance extremely urgent. This invention, with its high-precision lightning strike location, accurate lightning strike type identification, and comprehensive lightning strike distribution statistics capabilities, is expected to be widely adopted in the field of transmission line monitoring across China and even globally, helping the power industry improve the lightning protection level and operational reliability of transmission lines. In the future, through real-time access and analysis of multi-source data, it will enable lightning strike alarms for critical transmission lines, providing crucial data support for the maintenance and handling of line hazards and defects caused by thunderstorms.

[0129] Example 2:

[0130] Based on the same inventive concept, the application also provides a power transmission line lightning stroke distribution analysis system, as shown in the figure, comprising: a lightning stroke waveform data generation module, a lightning stroke point position determination module, a lightning stroke type identification module and a lightning stroke distribution analysis module. Figure 3

[0131] The lightning stroke waveform data generation module is used for time-space correlation matching of power transmission line transient waveform data and lightning data to obtain lightning stroke waveform data.

[0132] The lightning stroke point position determination module is used for calculating the lightning stroke point position based on the lightning stroke waveform data and using the traveling wave propagation double-end positioning principle combined with power transmission line data.

[0133] The lightning stroke type identification module is used for extracting the characteristic parameters of the lightning stroke waveform data, comparing with the pre-constructed waveform feature criterion library of each lightning stroke type, and determining the lightning stroke type identification result.

[0134] The lightning stroke distribution analysis module is used for statistical analysis of the lightning stroke point position and the lightning stroke type identification result, generating a line lightning stroke distribution map and a statistical report as the power transmission line lightning stroke distribution analysis result.

[0135] Preferably, the lightning stroke waveform data generation module comprises:

[0136] The power transmission line transient waveform data acquisition submodule is used for acquiring power transmission line transient waveform data by using a power transmission line distributed fault monitoring system.

[0137] The lightning data acquisition submodule is used for acquiring lightning data by using a lightning positioning system.

[0138] The lightning data pair determination submodule is used for screening out power transmission line transient waveform data and lightning data that simultaneously satisfy the pre-set time threshold and space threshold from the power transmission line transient waveform data and the lightning data as a data pair generated by the same lightning event.

[0139] The lightning stroke waveform data determination submodule is used for taking the power transmission line transient waveform data in the data pair as the lightning stroke waveform data.

[0140] Preferably, the lightning data pair determination submodule is specifically used for:

[0141] Screening out power transmission line transient waveform data and lightning data whose time difference between the occurrence time of the power transmission line transient waveform data and the occurrence time of the lightning data is within the time threshold;

[0142] From the lightning data within the time threshold, screening out lightning data that satisfy the space threshold as the final lightning data. ​

[0143] The power transmission line transient waveform data within the time threshold and the final lightning data are paired as data pairs generated by the same lightning stroke event.

[0144] Preferably, the lightning stroke point position determination module is specifically configured to:

[0145] The wave head of the lightning stroke waveform signal is extracted from the lightning stroke waveform data by using a lightning stroke waveform wave head recognition method;

[0146] The time difference of the wave head arriving at different monitoring points of the power transmission line is calculated;

[0147] The lightning stroke point position is calculated by using a traveling wave propagation double-end positioning principle according to the time difference, the span information of the power transmission line and the lightning stroke waveform wave speed;

[0148] The lightning stroke waveform wave head recognition method includes one or more of the following: wavelet transform method, mathematical morphological filtering method, variational mode decomposition method and Hilbert-Huang transform method.

[0149] Preferably, the lightning stroke type identification module includes:

[0150] The feature parameter extraction submodule is configured to extract feature parameters of the lightning stroke waveform data;

[0151] The lightning stroke type determination submodule is configured to determine the lightning stroke type of the lightning stroke waveform data by using waveform feature judgment basis in a waveform feature criterion library of each lightning stroke type based on the feature parameters;

[0152] The feature parameters include waveform amplitude, positive and negative peak values and main wave width; the waveform feature criterion library of the lightning stroke type is constructed based on waveform feature parameters of different phases of lightning stroke waveforms; the each lightning stroke type includes one or more of the following: lightning stroke conductor, lightning stroke ground wire, lightning stroke tower and lightning stroke ground.

[0153] Preferably, the lightning stroke type determination submodule is specifically configured to:

[0154] If the waveform amplitude monitored in one phase of the alternating current line is more than 2 times the waveform amplitudes monitored in two and three phases of the alternating current line, it is determined that the lightning stroke type of the lightning stroke waveform data is lightning stroke conductor;

[0155] If the amplitude ratio of the waveform amplitudes of the one phase, the two phases and the three phases does not exceed a pre-set amplitude ratio threshold, the waveform amplitudes are all greater than 100 kA, the absolute value ratio of the positive and negative peak values of each phase is between pre-set absolute value ratio thresholds, and the main wave width is less than 20 μs, it is determined that the lightning stroke type of the lightning stroke waveform data is lightning stroke ground wire;

[0156] If the amplitude ratio of the waveform amplitudes of the one-phase, two-phase, and three-phase waveforms does not exceed the preset amplitude ratio threshold, the waveform amplitude is greater than 100kA, and the main wave width is greater than 40μs, then the lightning strike type of the lightning waveform data is determined to be a lightning strike on a tower.

[0157] If the amplitude ratio of the waveform amplitudes of the first phase, second phase, and third phase does not exceed the preset amplitude ratio threshold, and the waveform amplitude of each phase is less than 100kA, then the lightning strike type of the lightning waveform data is determined to be lightning strike to the ground.

[0158] Preferably, the amplitude ratio threshold is 0.8 to 1.2; the absolute value ratio threshold is 0.9 to 1.1.

[0159] Preferably, the lightning strike distribution analysis module is specifically used for:

[0160] From the lightning strike location and lightning strike type identification results, select the lightning strike location and lightning strike type identification results of all lightning strike events of the target transmission line within a specified time period;

[0161] Based on the identification results of the lightning strike locations and lightning strike types of all lightning strike events on the target transmission line within a specified time period, the number of lightning strikes in different geographical locations, the number and frequency of different lightning strike types, and the lightning strike density in different line sections are statistically analyzed to generate a line lightning strike distribution map and statistical report, which serve as the results of the transmission line lightning strike distribution analysis.

[0162] Example 3

[0163] like Figure 4 As shown, the present invention also provides an electronic device, which may be a computer device, a microcontroller device, a smart mobile device, etc. The electronic device in this embodiment may include a processor, a memory, a transceiver component, etc. The memory, processor, and transceiver component are connected via a bus; the memory can be used to store executable programs, and an exemplary executable program may include instructions; the processor is used to execute the instructions stored in the memory. The memory can also be used to store data, which can be accessed and / or modified when instructions are executed.

[0164] The processor can be a central processing unit (CPU), and can also be other general-purpose processors, a digital signal processor (DSP), an application specific integrated circuit (ASIC), a field-programmable gate array (FPGA) or other programmable logic device, discrete gate or transistor logic, discrete hardware components, etc., which are the computing core and control core of the terminal, and are suitable for implementing one or more instructions, and are specifically suitable for loading and executing one or more instructions in the storage medium to implement a corresponding method flow or a corresponding function, to implement the steps of the power line lightning distribution analysis method in the above embodiment.

[0165] Embodiment 4

[0166] Based on the same inventive concept, the application further provides a readable storage medium, specifically an electronic device readable storage medium (Memory). The electronic device readable storage medium is a memory device in the electronic device, and is used for storing programs and data. It can be understood that the storage medium herein can include a built-in storage medium in the electronic device, and of course can also include an expansion storage medium supported by the electronic device. The storage medium provides a storage space, and the storage space stores an operating system of the terminal. In addition, one or more instructions suitable for being loaded and executed by the processor are also stored in the storage space, and the instructions can be one or more execution programs (including program codes). It should be noted that the storage medium herein can be a high-speed RAM memory, or a non-volatile memory such as at least one disk memory. The processor loads and executes one or more instructions stored in the storage medium, and the steps of the power line lightning distribution analysis method in the above embodiment can be implemented.

[0167] Those skilled in the art should understand that the embodiments of the application can be provided as a method, a system, or a computer program product. Therefore, the application can adopt a completely hardware embodiment, a completely software embodiment, or an embodiment combining software and hardware aspects. Moreover, the application can adopt the form of a computer program product implemented on one or more computer usable storage media (including but not limited to disk storage, CD-ROM, optical storage, etc.) containing computer usable program codes.

[0168] The computer program instructions can also be loaded onto a computer or other programmable data processing apparatus to cause a series of operational steps to be performed on the computer or other programmable apparatus to produce a computer-implemented process such that the instructions which execute on the computer or other programmable apparatus provide steps for implementing the functions specified in the flowchart or flows and / or block diagram block or blocks. Figure 1 one or more flowcharts and / or blocks Figure 1 means for functionally implementing the steps listed in the flowchart

[0169] The computer program instructions can also be loaded onto a computer or other programmable data processing apparatus to cause a series of operational steps to be performed on the computer or other programmable apparatus to produce a computer-implemented process such that the instructions which execute on the computer or other programmable apparatus provide steps for implementing the functions specified in the flowchart or flows and / or block diagram block or blocks. Figure 1 one or more flowcharts and / or blocks Figure 1 means for functionally implementing the steps listed in the flowchart

[0170] The computer program instructions can also be loaded onto a computer or other programmable data processing apparatus to cause a series of operational steps to be performed on the computer or other programmable apparatus to produce a computer-implemented process such that the instructions which execute on the computer or other programmable apparatus provide steps for implementing the functions specified in the flowchart or flows and / or block diagram block or blocks. Figure 1 one or more flowcharts and / or blocks Figure 1 means for functionally implementing the steps listed in the flowchart

[0171] Finally, it should be noted that the above-described embodiments are merely intended for describing the technical solutions of the present application, but not limit the protection scope of the present application. Although the present application is described in detail with reference to the above embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that, after reading the present application, they can make various changes, modifications or equivalent replacements to the specific embodiments of the application. However, these changes, modifications or equivalent replacements all fall within the protection scope of the claims of the present application.

Claims

1. A method for analyzing lightning strike distribution on power transmission lines, characterized in that, include: Spatiotemporal correlation matching is performed on the transient waveform data of transmission lines and lightning data to obtain lightning strike waveform data; Based on the lightning strike waveform data, the location of the lightning strike point is calculated by combining the traveling wave propagation double-end positioning principle with transmission line data. The feature parameters of the lightning strike waveform data are extracted and compared with the pre-built waveform feature criterion library for each lightning strike type to determine the lightning strike type identification result. Statistical analysis is performed on the lightning strike locations and lightning strike type identification results to generate a line lightning strike distribution map and statistical report, which serve as the analysis results of lightning strike distribution on transmission lines. The process of performing spatiotemporal correlation matching on transient waveform data of transmission lines and lightning data to obtain lightning strike waveform data includes: Transient waveform data of transmission lines are acquired using a distributed fault monitoring system for transmission lines. Lightning location system is used to obtain lightning data; From the transient waveform data of the transmission line and the lightning data, the transient waveform data of the transmission line and the lightning data that simultaneously meet the preset time threshold and spatial threshold are selected as data pairs generated by the same lightning strike event; The transient waveform data of the transmission line in the data pair is used as the lightning strike waveform data; The time threshold is 2ms and the spatial threshold is 5km.

2. The method as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The step of selecting transmission line transient waveform data and lightning data that simultaneously meet preset time and space thresholds from the transmission line transient waveform data and the lightning data as data pairs generated from the same lightning strike event includes: The time difference between the occurrence time of transient waveform data of transmission lines and the occurrence time of lightning data is selected, and the transient waveform data of transmission lines and lightning data within the time threshold are selected. From the lightning data within the time threshold, lightning data that meets the spatial threshold is selected as the final lightning data; The transient waveform data of the transmission line within the time threshold and the final lightning data are taken as a data pair generated from the same lightning strike event.

3. The method as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The calculation of the lightning strike location based on the lightning waveform data, using the traveling wave propagation two-end positioning principle combined with transmission line data, includes: A lightning strike waveform front identification method is used to extract the wavefront of the lightning strike waveform signal from the lightning strike waveform data; Calculate the time difference between the arrival of the wavefront at different monitoring points on the transmission line; Based on the time difference, combined with the span information of the transmission line and the wave velocity of the lightning strike waveform, the location of the lightning strike point is calculated using the traveling wave propagation double-end positioning principle. The lightning strike waveform wavefront identification method includes one or more of the following: wavelet transform, mathematical morphological filtering, variational mode decomposition, and Hilbert-Huang transform.

4. The method as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The step of extracting feature parameters from the lightning strike waveform data and comparing them with a pre-built waveform feature criterion library for each lightning strike type to determine the lightning strike type identification result includes: Extract the feature parameters of the lightning strike waveform data; Based on the aforementioned feature parameters, the lightning strike type of the lightning strike waveform data is determined by using the waveform feature judgment criteria in the waveform feature criterion library for each lightning strike type. The characteristic parameters include waveform amplitude, waveform positive and negative peak values, and main wave width; the waveform characteristic criterion library for lightning strike types is constructed based on the waveform characteristic parameters of different phases of the lightning strike waveform; each lightning strike type includes one or more of the following: lightning strike on conductor, lightning strike on ground wire, lightning strike on tower, and lightning strike on the ground.

5. The method as described in claim 4, characterized in that, The step of determining the lightning strike type of the lightning waveform data based on the aforementioned feature parameters and using waveform feature judgment criteria from the waveform feature criterion library for each lightning strike type includes: If the waveform amplitude detected in one phase of an AC line is more than twice the waveform amplitude detected in two or three phases of the AC line, then the lightning strike type of the lightning waveform data is determined to be a lightning strike on a conductor. If the amplitude ratio of the waveform amplitudes of the one-phase, two-phase, and three-phase waveforms does not exceed the preset amplitude ratio threshold, the waveform amplitudes are all greater than 100kA, the absolute value ratio of the positive and negative peak values ​​of each phase waveform is within the preset absolute value ratio threshold, and the main wave width is less than 20μs, then the lightning strike type of the lightning waveform data is determined to be a lightning strike to the ground wire. If the amplitude ratio of the waveform amplitudes of the one-phase, two-phase, and three-phase waveforms does not exceed the preset amplitude ratio threshold, the waveform amplitude is greater than 100kA, and the main wave width is greater than 40μs, then the lightning strike type of the lightning waveform data is determined to be a lightning strike on a tower. If the amplitude ratio of the waveform amplitudes of the first phase, second phase, and third phase does not exceed the preset amplitude ratio threshold, and the waveform amplitude of each phase is less than 100kA, then the lightning strike type of the lightning waveform data is determined to be lightning strike to the ground.

6. The method as described in claim 5, characterized in that, The amplitude ratio threshold is 0.8 to 1.2; the absolute value ratio threshold is 0.9 to 1.

1.

7. The method as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The statistical analysis of the lightning strike location and lightning strike type identification results, generating a line lightning strike distribution map and statistical report, serves as the analysis result of the transmission line lightning strike distribution, including: From the lightning strike location and lightning strike type identification results, select the lightning strike location and lightning strike type identification results of all lightning strike events of the target transmission line within a specified time period; Based on the identification results of the lightning strike locations and lightning strike types of all lightning strike events on the target transmission line within a specified time period, the number of lightning strikes in different geographical locations, the number and frequency of different lightning strike types, and the lightning strike density in different line sections are statistically analyzed to generate a line lightning strike distribution map and statistical report, which serve as the results of the transmission line lightning strike distribution analysis.

8. A lightning strike distribution analysis system for transmission lines, characterized in that, include: The system includes a lightning waveform data generation module, a lightning strike location determination module, a lightning strike type identification module, and a lightning strike distribution analysis module. The lightning waveform data generation module is used to perform spatiotemporal correlation matching between the transient waveform data of the transmission line and the lightning data to obtain the lightning waveform data. The lightning strike location determination module is used to calculate the lightning strike location based on the lightning waveform data, using the traveling wave propagation double-end positioning principle combined with transmission line data; The lightning strike type identification module is used to extract the feature parameters of the lightning strike waveform data, compare them with the pre-built waveform feature criterion library of each lightning strike type, and determine the lightning strike type identification result. The lightning strike distribution analysis module is used to perform statistical analysis on the lightning strike location and the lightning strike type identification results, and generate a line lightning strike distribution map and statistical report as the results of the transmission line lightning strike distribution analysis. The lightning strike waveform data generation module includes: The power transmission line transient waveform data acquisition submodule is used to acquire power transmission line transient waveform data using the power transmission line distributed fault monitoring system; The lightning data acquisition submodule is used to acquire lightning data using the lightning location system; The lightning strike data pair determination submodule is used to filter out the transient waveform data of the transmission line and the lightning data that simultaneously meet the preset time threshold and spatial threshold from the transient waveform data of the transmission line and the lightning data, and use them as data pairs generated by the same lightning strike event; The lightning strike waveform data determination submodule is used to take the transient waveform data of the transmission line in the data pair as the lightning strike waveform data; The time threshold is 2ms and the spatial threshold is 5km.

9. The system as described in claim 8, characterized in that, The lightning strike data determination submodule is specifically used for: The time difference between the occurrence time of transient waveform data of transmission lines and the occurrence time of lightning data is selected, and the transient waveform data of transmission lines and lightning data within the time threshold are selected. From the lightning data within the time threshold, lightning data that meets the spatial threshold is selected as the final lightning data; The transient waveform data of the transmission line within the time threshold and the final lightning data are taken as a data pair generated from the same lightning strike event.

10. The system as described in claim 8, characterized in that, The lightning strike location determination module is specifically used for: A lightning strike waveform front identification method is used to extract the wavefront of the lightning strike waveform signal from the lightning strike waveform data; Calculate the time difference between the arrival of the wavefront at different monitoring points on the transmission line; Based on the time difference, combined with the span information of the transmission line and the wave velocity of the lightning strike waveform, the location of the lightning strike point is calculated using the traveling wave propagation double-end positioning principle. The lightning strike waveform wavefront identification method includes one or more of the following: wavelet transform, mathematical morphological filtering, variational mode decomposition, and Hilbert-Huang transform.

11. The system as described in claim 8, characterized in that, The lightning strike type identification module includes: The feature parameter extraction submodule is used to extract the feature parameters of the lightning strike waveform data; The lightning strike type determination submodule is used to determine the lightning strike type of the lightning strike waveform data based on the feature parameters and using the waveform feature judgment criteria in the waveform feature criterion library for each lightning strike type. The characteristic parameters include waveform amplitude, waveform positive and negative peak values, and main wave width; the waveform characteristic criterion library for lightning strike types is constructed based on the waveform characteristic parameters of different phases of the lightning strike waveform; each lightning strike type includes one or more of the following: lightning strike on conductor, lightning strike on ground wire, lightning strike on tower, and lightning strike on the ground.

12. The system as claimed in claim 11, characterized in that, The lightning strike type determination submodule is specifically used for: If the waveform amplitude detected in one phase of an AC line is more than twice the waveform amplitude detected in two or three phases of the AC line, then the lightning strike type of the lightning waveform data is determined to be a lightning strike on a conductor. If the amplitude ratio of the waveform amplitudes of the one-phase, two-phase, and three-phase waveforms does not exceed the preset amplitude ratio threshold, the waveform amplitudes are all greater than 100kA, the absolute value ratio of the positive and negative peak values ​​of each phase waveform is within the preset absolute value ratio threshold, and the main wave width is less than 20μs, then the lightning strike type of the lightning waveform data is determined to be a lightning strike to the ground wire. If the amplitude ratio of the waveform amplitudes of the one-phase, two-phase, and three-phase waveforms does not exceed the preset amplitude ratio threshold, the waveform amplitude is greater than 100kA, and the main wave width is greater than 40μs, then the lightning strike type of the lightning waveform data is determined to be a lightning strike on a tower. If the amplitude ratio of the waveform amplitudes of the first phase, second phase, and third phase does not exceed the preset amplitude ratio threshold, and the waveform amplitude of each phase is less than 100kA, then the lightning strike type of the lightning waveform data is determined to be lightning strike to the ground.

13. The system as described in claim 12, characterized in that, The amplitude ratio threshold is 0.8 to 1.2; the absolute value ratio threshold is 0.9 to 1.

1.

14. The system as described in claim 8, characterized in that, The lightning strike distribution analysis module is specifically used for: From the lightning strike location and lightning strike type identification results, select the lightning strike location and lightning strike type identification results of all lightning strike events of the target transmission line within a specified time period; Based on the identification results of the lightning strike locations and lightning strike types of all lightning strike events on the target transmission line within a specified time period, the number of lightning strikes in different geographical locations, the number and frequency of different lightning strike types, and the lightning strike density in different line sections are statistically analyzed to generate a line lightning strike distribution map and statistical report, which serve as the results of the transmission line lightning strike distribution analysis.

15. An electronic device, characterized in that, include: At least one processor and memory; The memory and processor are connected via a bus; The memory is used to store one or more programs; When the one or more programs are executed by the at least one processor, a method for analyzing the distribution of lightning strikes on transmission lines as described in any one of claims 1 to 7 is implemented.

16. A readable storage medium, characterized in that, It contains an execution program, which, when executed, implements a method for analyzing the distribution of lightning strikes on transmission lines as described in any one of claims 1 to 7.

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