High-range gamma particle nuclear radiation detection system and measurement method

Abstract

The invention provides a high-range gamma particle nuclear radiation detection system and measurement method, the system comprises a detection unit, a main amplification module, a DC bias removal module, a filtering module, a zero-order cancellation module and a control module, the detection unit is used for receiving a photoelectric effect generated by radiation particles and converting the photoelectric effect into an electric signal; the input end of the main amplification module is electrically connected with the output end of the detection unit; the input end of the DC bias removal module is electrically connected with the output end of the main amplification module; the input end of the filtering module is electrically connected with the output end of the DC bias removing module; the input end of the zero-order cancellation module is electrically connected with the output end of the filtering module; the input end of the control module is electrically connected with the output end of the zero-order cancellation module; according to the system, the silicon photodiode and the radiation particles are selected to generate a photoelectric effect, the radiation intensity is measured after the photoelectric effect is converted into current, the cost is extremely low, high-voltage driving is not needed, and the signal quality and the measurement accuracy are improved in combination with multi-stage amplification of the signal processing circuit.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of radiation detection technology, and in particular to a high-range gamma particle nuclear radiation detection system and measurement method. Background Technology

[0002] Gamma rays are a type of high-energy electromagnetic radiation widely found in fields such as nuclear power plants, medical treatment, and industrial detection. However, gamma rays have strong penetrating power and can directly or indirectly cause varying degrees of damage to human cells and tissues. The higher the dose, the greater the harm to the human body, and short-term high-dose irradiation causes more damage than long-term low-dose irradiation. Therefore, research on high-range gamma particle nuclear radiation detection systems is essential.

[0003] A muon scintillator detection component based on fiber-optic coupling with a plastic scintillator is disclosed in CN119936951A. The muon scintillator detection component includes a plastic scintillator fiber-optic coupling module, a photoelectric conversion and amplification module, a power supply module, and a signal acquisition module. This muon scintillator detection component, through the cooperation between the plastic scintillator fiber-optic coupling module, the photoelectric conversion and amplification module, the power supply module, and the signal acquisition module, utilizes the coupling between the plastic scintillator and the optical fiber to form a photon detection component, so that the muons interact with the plastic scintillator to emit light. The light propagates in the plastic scintillator and the optical signal is collected through the optical fiber. The light collection method of fiber-optic scintillator coupling effectively avoids the light leakage phenomenon of the scintillator.

[0004] Currently, high-range gamma-ray detection methods mainly rely on gas detectors and semiconductor detectors. Ionization chamber detectors use high voltage to generate ion pairs between gamma rays and gas inside the detector cavity, and collect the electrical signals generated by the ion pairs to measure radiation intensity. The advantage of this type of detector is its simple structure and wide measurement range. However, the gas cavity makes this type of detector generally large in size, and the airtightness requirement is very high. Semiconductor detectors use the energy deposition of gamma particles in the semiconductor PN junction to generate electron-hole pairs to measure radiation intensity. However, this type of detector has a complex system, extremely high cost, narrow measurement range, and cannot achieve accurate measurement of gamma radiation intensity. Summary of the Invention

[0005] In view of this, the present invention proposes a high-range gamma particle nuclear radiation detection system and measurement method. By using silicon photodiodes to generate photoelectric effect with radiating particles, the radiation intensity is converted into current and then measured. It does not require high voltage drive and has extremely low cost. In addition, combined with signal processing circuit, it effectively improves signal quality, reduces noise interference and signal distortion, and improves measurement accuracy.

[0006] The technical solution of this invention is implemented as follows: Firstly, this invention provides a high-range gamma particle nuclear radiation detection system, comprising: The detection unit is used to receive the photoelectric effect generated by radiating particles and convert it into an electrical signal; The input terminal of the main amplification module is electrically connected to the output terminal of the detection unit, and is used to amplify and process the electrical signal; The input terminal of the DC bias removal module is electrically connected to the output terminal of the main amplifier module, and is used to remove the DC bias signal from the signal. The input terminal of the filtering module is electrically connected to the output terminal of the DC bias removal module, and is used to filter the signal after DC bias removal. The zero-order phase cancellation module has its input terminal electrically connected to the output terminal of the filter module, and is used to perform differential processing and phase cancellation on the filtered signal; The input terminal of the control module is electrically connected to the output terminal of the zero-order phase cancellation module, and is used to receive the signal after differential processing and phase cancellation to calculate the dose rate value.

[0007] Based on the above technical solutions, preferably, the main amplification module includes a buffer unit, a first amplifier unit, a feedback unit, and an LC filter unit, wherein, The input terminal of the buffer unit is electrically connected to the output terminal of the detection unit to buffer and suppress the photoelectric signal; The input of the LC filter unit is electrically connected to the output of the buffer unit, and is used to perform noise reduction filtering on the buffered suppression signal; The input terminal of the first amplifier unit is electrically connected to the output terminal of the LC filter unit, and is used to amplify the filtered signal. The two ends of the feedback unit are electrically connected to the input and output terminals of the first amplifier unit, respectively, and are used to control the amplification factor of the first amplifier unit.

[0008] Based on the above technical solutions, preferably, the DC bias removal module includes a first input coupling unit, a second amplifier unit, and an output coupling unit, wherein, The input terminal of the first input coupling unit is electrically connected to the output terminal of the first amplifier unit, and is used to couple and limit the current of the amplified signal output by the first amplifier unit. The input terminal of the second amplifier unit is electrically connected to the output terminal of the first input coupling unit to remove the DC bias component in the signal; The input terminal of the output coupling unit is electrically connected to the output terminal of the second amplifier unit, and is used to filter the signal output by the second amplifier unit.

[0009] Based on the above technical solutions, preferably, the filtering module includes a second input coupling unit, a third amplifier unit, and a multiplex feedback unit, wherein, The input terminal of the second input coupling unit is electrically connected to the output terminal of the coupling unit, and is used to couple the amplified signal output by the second amplifier unit to the third amplifier unit; The input terminal of the third amplifier unit is electrically connected to the output terminal of the second input coupling unit, and is used to amplify the signal; The two ends of the multiple feedback unit are electrically connected to the input and output terminals of the third amplifier unit, respectively, to control the frequency response of the third amplifier unit.

[0010] Based on the above technical solutions, preferably, the zero-order cancellation module includes a voltage divider filter unit, a fourth amplifier unit, and a voltage bias unit, wherein, The input terminal of the voltage divider filter unit is electrically connected to the output terminal of the third amplifier unit, and is used to perform voltage divider filtering on the amplified signal output by the third amplifier unit. The non-inverting input of the fourth amplifier unit is electrically connected to the output of the voltage divider filter unit to perform differential processing on the input signal; The two ends of the voltage bias unit are electrically connected to the output terminal and the non-inverting input terminal of the fourth amplifier unit, respectively, to provide bias voltage for the fourth amplifier unit.

[0011] Based on the above technical solutions, preferably, a power supply module is also included, wherein the output terminal of the power supply module is electrically connected to the output terminal of the detection unit and the input terminal of the main amplification module, respectively, for providing a stable voltage to the detection unit.

[0012] Based on the above technical solutions, preferably, the power supply module includes a power input unit, a voltage divider unit, and a noise reduction unit, wherein, The output terminal of the power input unit is electrically connected to the input terminal of the voltage divider unit, which is used to limit the current and divide the voltage of the power supply. The output of the voltage divider unit is electrically connected to the input of the noise reduction unit. The noise reduction unit is used to filter and reduce the noise of the power supply voltage after current limiting and voltage division. The output of the detection unit is electrically connected to the output of the noise reduction unit and the input of the buffer unit, respectively.

[0013] Based on the above technical solutions, preferably, a display module is also included, wherein the input terminal of the control module is electrically connected to the output terminal of the display module for displaying the processed dose rate value.

[0014] Based on the above technical solutions, preferably, the detection unit is a silicon photodiode.

[0015] Secondly, the present invention also provides a detection method for a high-range gamma-particle nuclear radiation detection system, employing the high-range gamma-particle nuclear radiation detection system as described above, the method comprising the following steps: S1, the detection unit receives radiation particles and generates a photoelectric effect, which is converted into an electrical signal. The electrical signal is input to the main amplification module for signal amplification and filtering, and outputs a primary amplified signal. S2 inputs the primary amplified signal to the DC bias removal module to remove the DC bias component from the signal, and then inputs it to the filter module for filtering to output a filtered signal of a specific frequency. S3 inputs a filtered signal of a specific frequency into the zero-order cancellation module for differential compensation, and outputs the zero-order cancellation signal to the control module. The control module outputs the number of particle events per second. S4. Obtain radiation measurement data from the standard test site and construct a linear function graph of the number of ion events per second versus the dose rate. S5. Based on the linear function graph of the number of ion events per second versus the dose rate, select the segmentation point, and establish a low-radiation fitting model and a high-radiation fitting model respectively based on the data on both sides of the segmentation point. S6, determine whether the number of particle events per second output by the control module is greater than the segmentation point. If it is greater, output it into the high radiation fitting model to calculate the dose rate. If it is less, input it into the low radiation fitting model to calculate the dose rate. S7: Obtain all dose rates within the test time, calculate the average of all dose rates within the test time, obtain the final dose rate value, and output it to the display module for display.

[0016] The high-range gamma-particle nuclear radiation detection system and measurement method of the present invention have the following advantages over the prior art: (1) By using silicon photodiodes to generate photoelectric effect with radiating particles, the radiation intensity is converted into current and measured. The cost is extremely low and no high voltage drive is required. Combined with multi-stage amplification, filtering and differential processing of signal processing circuit, the signal quality is effectively improved, noise interference and signal distortion are reduced, the high signal-to-noise ratio of the detection system is ensured and the measurement accuracy is improved. (2) By constructing a linear function graph and establishing a piecewise fitting model, the dose rate was accurately calculated. This not only considered the different characteristics of the low-radiation region and the high-radiation region, but also avoided the high dose deviation problem caused by using a single power formula. Furthermore, the low-radiation or high-radiation fitting model was dynamically selected according to the number of particle events, which expanded the measurement range of the dose rate and improved the measurement accuracy. Attached Figure Description

[0017] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0018] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the high-range gamma particle nuclear radiation detection system of the present invention. Figure 2 This is a flowchart illustrating the principle of the high-range gamma particle nuclear radiation detection system of the present invention. Figure 3 The circuit diagram shows the detection unit and power supply module of the high-range gamma particle nuclear radiation detection system of the present invention. Figure 4 This is a circuit diagram of the main amplification module of the high-range gamma particle nuclear radiation detection system of the present invention. Figure 5 This is a circuit diagram of the DC bias removal module of the high-range gamma particle nuclear radiation detection system of the present invention. Figure 6 This is a circuit diagram of the filter module of the high-range gamma particle nuclear radiation detection system of the present invention. Figure 7 This is a circuit diagram of the zero-order cancellation module of the high-range gamma particle nuclear radiation detection system of the present invention; Figure 8 The output waveform diagram of the high-range gamma particle nuclear radiation detection system of the present invention is shown. Figure 9 This is a low-radiation fitting curve of the measurement method of the high-range γ-particle nuclear radiation detection system of the present invention. Figure 10 This is a high-radiation fitting curve of the measurement method of the high-range gamma particle nuclear radiation detection system of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0019] The technical solutions of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0020] like Figure 1 and Figure 2As shown, in a first aspect, the present invention provides a high-range gamma particle nuclear radiation detection system, comprising a detection unit 1, a main amplification module 2, a DC bias removal module 3, a filtering module 4, a zero-order cancellation module 5, and a control module 6.

[0021] In this embodiment, the detection unit 1 is used to receive the photoelectric effect generated by the radiation particles and convert it into an electrical signal; Specifically, the detection unit 1 in this embodiment is a silicon photodiode, whose spectral response range covers the energy range of secondary electrons generated by gamma rays. Gamma particles interact with silicon materials to generate electron-hole pairs through the photoelectric effect. An external reverse bias voltage drives the carriers to move in a directional manner, forming a photocurrent. The amplitude of the photocurrent is proportional to the energy of the incident particles, realizing the conversion of radiation intensity into an electrical signal. It has a low cost and does not require high voltage driving. In contrast, traditional photomultiplier tubes require high voltage of hundreds or even thousands of volts to drive, which increases the complexity and cost of the system.

[0022] like Figure 3 As shown, in this embodiment, the input terminal of the main amplification module 2 is electrically connected to the output terminal of the detection unit 1, and is used to amplify and process the electrical signal; The main amplification module 2 includes a buffer unit 21, a first amplifier unit 22, a feedback unit 23, and an LC filter unit 24. The input terminal of the buffer unit 21 is electrically connected to the output terminal of the detection unit 1 and is used to buffer and suppress the photoelectric signal. The input terminal of the LC filter unit 24 is electrically connected to the output terminal of the buffer unit 21 and is used to filter the buffered and suppressed signal for noise reduction. The input terminal of the first amplifier unit 22 is electrically connected to the output terminal of the LC filter unit 24 and is used to amplify the filtered signal. The two ends of the feedback unit 23 are electrically connected to the input terminal and the output terminal of the first amplifier unit 22, respectively, and are used to control the amplification factor of the first amplifier unit 22.

[0023] It should be noted that the buffer unit 21 includes transistor J1, resistor R9, capacitor C10, resistor R5, and capacitor C13; the first amplifier unit 22 includes amplifier U1; the feedback unit 23 includes capacitor C1 and resistor R2; and the LC filter unit 24 includes filter L1, capacitor C2, capacitor C3, and resistor R4, and also includes capacitors C4 and C7. The first terminal of transistor J1 is electrically connected to resistor R9 and capacitor C13, and the other terminals of resistor R9 and capacitor C13 are grounded. The second terminal of transistor J1 is electrically connected to resistor R4 and capacitor C10, and the other terminal of resistor R4 is grounded. One end of capacitor C10 is electrically connected to capacitor C2, capacitor C3 and filter L1 respectively. The other end of capacitor C2 and capacitor C3 is grounded. The other end of filter L1 is electrically connected to external power supply VCC. The other end of capacitor C10 is electrically connected to resistor R5. The other end of resistor R5 is electrically connected to capacitor C1, resistor R2 and the non-inverting input terminal of amplifier U1 respectively. The other end of capacitor C1 and the other end of resistor R2 are connected to the output terminal of amplifier U1. One end of capacitor C4 and capacitor C7 is electrically connected to external power supply VCC and the power supply terminal of amplifier U1 respectively. The other ends of capacitor C4 and capacitor C7 are grounded.

[0024] Understandably, the electrical signal output from detection unit 1 first enters buffer unit 21. In buffer unit 21, transistor J1 acts as a buffer to buffer the input signal, reducing impedance mismatch between the signal source and subsequent circuits. Resistor R9 and capacitor C13 form an RC filter circuit to perform preliminary filtering of the input signal and suppress high-frequency noise. The buffered and suppressed signal enters LC filter unit 24. Filter L1 and capacitors C2 and C3 form an LC filter circuit to further reduce noise and effectively remove high-frequency interference and noise. Resistor R4 is used to adjust the impedance matching of the filter circuit to ensure the filtering effect. The filtered signal then enters... Amplifier U1 amplifies the input signal, increasing its strength. The amplification factor is controlled by feedback unit 23, which includes capacitor C1 and resistor R2. These components form a feedback network that feeds back the output signal of amplifier U1 to the input. By adjusting the parameters of the feedback network, the amplification factor of amplifier U1 can be controlled, ensuring that the signal is not distorted during amplification. Capacitors C4 and C7 are connected to the external power supply VCC, forming a power supply filter circuit to filter and stabilize the power supply, ensuring that amplifier U1 receives a stable power supply, reducing the impact of power supply noise on the signal, and improving signal quality and stability.

[0025] like Figure 4 As shown, this embodiment also includes a power supply module 7. The output terminal of the power supply module 7 is electrically connected to the output terminal of the detection unit 1 and the input terminal of the main amplification module 2, respectively, to provide a stable voltage for the detection unit 1.

[0026] The power supply module 7 includes a power input unit 71, a voltage divider unit 72, and a noise reduction unit 73. The output terminal of the power input unit 71 is electrically connected to the input terminal of the voltage divider unit 72, which is used to limit and divide the power supply voltage. The output terminal of the voltage divider unit 72 is electrically connected to the input terminal of the noise reduction unit 73, which is used to filter and reduce noise on the power supply voltage after current limiting and voltage division. The output terminal of the detection unit 1 is electrically connected to the output terminal of the noise reduction unit 73 and the input terminal of the buffer unit 21, respectively.

[0027] It should be noted that the power input unit 71 is the external power supply VCC, the voltage divider unit 72 includes resistors R3 and R7, and the noise reduction unit 73 includes capacitors C5 and C9. The negative terminal of the silicon photodiode is electrically connected to one end of capacitor C12 and resistor R7, respectively, and the positive terminal of the silicon photodiode is grounded. The other end of resistor R7 is electrically connected to capacitor C9, the other end of resistor R3 is electrically connected to the external power supply VCC and capacitor C5, the other ends of capacitors C5 and C9 are grounded, and the other end of capacitor C12 is electrically connected to the third terminal of transistor J1.

[0028] Understandably, the external power supply VCC, such as a lithium battery or USB power supply, is connected to the system through the power input unit 71 to provide raw power to the entire detection module. The voltage divider unit 72 divides the VCC voltage. One end of R3 is connected to VCC, and the other end is grounded through C5, forming an RC filter network to initially filter out high-frequency power supply noise. R7 is connected in series with the silicon photodiode SiPN, and the resistor divider limits the current flowing to SiPN to prevent overcurrent damage to the device, while providing a reverse bias voltage of 5-10V to SiPN. The noise reduction unit 73 further degrades the power supply voltage. The power supply is filtered by C5 connected in parallel between VCC and ground to remove high-frequency ripple on the power line; C9 is connected in parallel between R7 and SiPN to remove noise in the reverse bias voltage of SiPN, ensuring power supply purity; the filtered power supply is coupled to the third terminal of transistor J1 through capacitor C12 to provide a stable operating voltage for the buffer circuit. The negative terminal of SiPN is reverse biased through R7 and C9, and the positive terminal is grounded, forming a complete photoelectric conversion circuit, ensuring that SiPN and buffer unit 21 obtain a stable power supply with low ripple and reducing the impact of noise on weak photocurrent signals.

[0029] Furthermore, the resistance of resistor R3 is 300kΩ and the resistance of resistor R7 is 1MΩ. The voltage division ratio is calculated based on resistors R3 and R7, and the SiPN bias voltage is calculated based on the voltage of VCC. Capacitor C5 is 10μF and capacitor C9 is 0.1μF. Capacitor C5 is used to filter out low-frequency ripple, and capacitor C9 is used to filter out high-frequency noise.

[0030] like Figure 5As shown, in this embodiment, the input terminal of the DC bias removal module 3 is electrically connected to the output terminal of the main amplification module 2, and is used to remove the DC bias signal from the signal.

[0031] The DC bias removal module 3 includes a first input coupling unit 31, a second amplifier unit 32, and an output coupling unit 33. The input terminal of the first input coupling unit 31 is electrically connected to the output terminal of the first amplifier unit 22, and is used to couple and limit the current of the amplified signal output by the first amplifier unit 22. The input terminal of the second amplifier unit 32 is electrically connected to the output terminal of the first input coupling unit 31, and is used to remove the DC bias component in the signal. The input terminal of the output coupling unit 33 is electrically connected to the output terminal of the second amplifier unit 32, and is used to filter the signal output by the second amplifier unit 32.

[0032] It should be noted that the first input coupling unit 31 includes a resistor R6, the second amplifier unit 32 includes an amplifier U2 and a resistor R1, and the output coupling unit 33 includes a capacitor C11 and a resistor R8. It also includes capacitors C6 and C8. The non-inverting input terminal of the amplifier U2 is electrically connected to resistors R6 and R1, respectively. The other end of the resistor R1 is electrically connected to the output terminal of the amplifier U2 and capacitor C11, respectively. The other end of the capacitor C11 is electrically connected to resistor R8 and the input terminal of the filter module, respectively. The other end of the resistor R8 is grounded. One end of capacitors C6 and C8 is connected to the external power supply VCC and the power supply terminal of the amplifier U2, respectively. The other ends of capacitors C6 and C8 are grounded.

[0033] Understandably, the signal output from the main amplification module 2 first enters the first input coupling unit 31. R6 couples and limits the signal, transmitting the AC component and preventing overcurrent damage to subsequent circuits, while blocking the DC component from entering the subsequent circuits. The coupled signal then enters the second amplifier unit 32. Amplifier U2 is configured in AC coupling mode, with its non-inverting input terminal connected to the output terminal via R1, forming a feedback network. This feedback mechanism ensures that the gain of amplifier U2 is 1 in DC mode, thus forcing the DC level of the output signal to match the input. However, for AC signals, the gain is set via resistor R1 to achieve AC amplification. Since the DC component of the input signal is blocked by R6, the output of amplifier U2... The signal contains only AC components, thus removing DC bias. The signal with DC bias removed enters the output coupling unit 33. Capacitor C11 performs high-pass filtering on the signal to further filter out residual low-frequency noise and DC bias. Resistor R8 acts as a load resistor, converting the filtered signal into a voltage signal, which is then output to the subsequent filtering module 4. Capacitors C6 and C8 are connected to the external power supply VCC to form a power supply filtering circuit, which filters and stabilizes the power supply, ensuring that amplifier U2 receives a stable power supply, reducing the impact of power supply noise on the signal, effectively removing the DC bias component in the signal, avoiding the saturation or distortion effect of DC bias on subsequent circuits, and improving the dynamic range of signal processing.

[0034] like Figure 6 As shown, in this embodiment, the input terminal of the filtering module 4 is electrically connected to the output terminal of the DC bias removal module 3, and is used to filter the signal after DC bias removal.

[0035] The filtering module 4 includes a second input coupling unit 41, a third amplifier unit 42, a multiplexing feedback unit 43, and a frequency selection unit 44. The input terminal of the second input coupling unit 41 is electrically connected to the output terminal of the coupling unit 33, and is used to couple the amplified signal output by the second amplifier unit 32 into the third amplifier unit 42. The input terminal of the third amplifier unit 42 is electrically connected to the output terminal of the second input coupling unit 41, and is used to amplify the signal. The two ends of the multiplexing feedback unit 43 are electrically connected to the input terminal and the output terminal of the third amplifier unit 42, respectively, and are used to control the frequency response of the third amplifier unit 42.

[0036] It should be noted that the second input coupling unit 41 includes a resistor R13, the third amplifier unit 42 includes an amplifier U3, the multiplexing feedback unit 43 includes a capacitor C16 and a resistor R11, and the frequency selection unit 44 includes a resistor R16 and a capacitor C18, as well as capacitors C14 and C15. The other end of resistor R13 is electrically connected to the other end of capacitor C11. The other end of resistor R13 is electrically connected to resistor R16, capacitor C16, and capacitor C18 respectively. The other end of resistor R16 is grounded. The other end of capacitor C18 is electrically connected to resistor R11 and the non-inverting input terminal of amplifier U3 respectively. The other ends of capacitor C16 and resistor R11 are both electrically connected to the output terminal of amplifier U3. One common end of capacitors C14 and C15 is electrically connected to the external power supply VCC and the power supply terminal of amplifier U3 respectively. The other common end of capacitors C14 and C15 is grounded.

[0037] Understandably, the signal output from the DC bias module 3 enters the second input coupling unit 41, where resistor R13 couples and limits the signal, and simultaneously transmits the signal to the third amplifier unit 42. The coupled signal enters the third amplifier unit 42, where amplifier U3 further amplifies the signal to increase its strength, so that subsequent processing modules can further analyze and process the signal. The capacitor C16 and resistor R11 of the multi-channel feedback unit 43 are connected to amplifier U3 to form a feedback network. This feedback network can control the bandwidth and gain flatness of the amplifier by adjusting the frequency response of amplifier U3, enabling the amplifier to have better performance in a specific frequency range. Resistor R16 and capacitor C18 of frequency selection unit 44 are connected to the non-inverting input terminal of amplifier U3. The RC circuit formed by resistor R16 and capacitor C18 forms a filter, selecting signals of specific frequencies to pass through, further filtering out unwanted frequency components. Capacitors C14 and C15 are connected to the external power supply VCC, forming a power supply filter circuit to filter and stabilize the power supply, ensuring that amplifier U3 receives a stable power supply and reducing the impact of power supply noise on the signal. This effectively improves the signal quality and strength, optimizes the frequency response characteristics of the amplifier, filters out unwanted frequency components, and provides a high-quality, stable input signal for subsequent processing modules.

[0038] like Figure 7 and Figure 8 As shown, in this embodiment, the input terminal of the zero-order cancellation module 5 is electrically connected to the output terminal of the filter module 4, and is used to perform differential processing and phase cancellation on the filtered signal.

[0039] The zero-order cancellation module 5 includes a voltage divider filter unit 51, a fourth amplifier unit 52, and a voltage bias unit 53. The input terminal of the voltage divider filter unit 51 is electrically connected to the output terminal of the third amplifier unit 42, and is used to perform voltage divider filtering on the amplified signal output by the third amplifier unit 42. The non-inverting input terminal of the fourth amplifier unit 52 is electrically connected to the output terminal of the voltage divider filter unit 51, and is used to perform differential processing on the input signal. The two ends of the voltage bias unit 53 are electrically connected to the output terminal and the non-inverting input terminal of the fourth amplifier unit 52, respectively, and are used to provide bias voltage for the fourth amplifier unit 52.

[0040] It should be noted that the voltage divider filter unit 51 includes resistors R15, R17, R19, and R20, and capacitor C19; the fourth amplifier unit 52 includes amplifier U4; and the voltage bias unit 53 includes resistors R12 and R10, and also includes capacitor C17. One end of resistor R15 is electrically connected to the output terminal of amplifier U3 and capacitor C19, and the other end of resistor R15 is electrically connected to resistors R17 and R19. The other end of resistor R17 is electrically connected to resistor R20 and capacitor C19. The non-inverting input terminal of amplifier U4 is electrically connected to the other end of resistor R20, which is also electrically connected to the other end of resistor R19 and grounded together. The inverting input terminal of amplifier U4 is electrically connected to resistors R12 and R10, with the other end of resistor R12 grounded. The other end of resistor R10 is electrically connected to the output terminal of amplifier U4. One end of capacitor C17 is electrically connected to the external power supply VCC and the power supply terminal of amplifier U4, with the other end of capacitor C17 grounded. The output terminal of amplifier U4 is electrically connected to the input terminal of control module 6.

[0041] Understandably, the signal output from filter module 4 enters voltage divider filter unit 51. Resistors R15, R17, R19, and R20 form a resistor voltage divider network to divide the input signal and adjust the signal amplitude to suit the processing range of subsequent circuits. C19 filters the divided signal to further remove high-frequency noise and ensure signal quality. The voltage-divided and filtered signal enters the fourth amplifier unit 52. Amplifier U4 is configured as a differential amplifier. Its non-inverting input receives the voltage-divided and filtered signal, and its inverting input is connected to the output through a feedback network. The differential amplifier performs differential processing on the input signal, amplifying the differential signal while suppressing the common-mode signal, thus improving the common-mode rejection ratio. Voltage bias unit 53 provides bias voltage to amplifier U4. R12 and R10 form a voltage divider network to provide a stable bias voltage to the inverting input of amplifier U4, ensuring that the amplifier operates in the linear region and avoiding signal distortion. Capacitor C17 is connected to the external power supply VCC to filter and stabilize the power supply. Ensure that amplifier U4 receives a stable power supply to reduce the impact of power supply noise on the signal; the signal after differential amplification and phase cancellation is output from the output terminal of amplifier U4 and enters the control module 6 for processing; the control module 6 further analyzes and processes the signal, and finally displays the results on the display module 8, which effectively improves the signal quality and stability, realizes differential processing and phase cancellation functions, reduces signal distortion and noise interference, and improves system reliability and accuracy.

[0042] In this embodiment, the input terminal of the control module 6 is electrically connected to the output terminal of the zero-order phase cancellation module 5, and is used to receive the signal after differential processing and phase cancellation to calculate the dose rate value.

[0043] This embodiment also includes a display module 8, wherein the input terminal of the control module 6 is electrically connected to the output terminal of the display module 8, and is used to display the processed dose rate value.

[0044] like Figure 9 and Figure 10 As shown, in a second aspect, the present invention also provides a detection method for a high-range gamma-particle nuclear radiation detection system, employing the high-range gamma-particle nuclear radiation detection system as described above, the method comprising the following steps: S1, the detection unit 1 receives radiation particles and generates a photoelectric effect, which is converted into an electrical signal. The electrical signal is input to the main amplification module 2 for signal amplification and filtering, and the primary amplified signal is output. S2, the primary amplified signal is input to the DC bias removal module 3 to remove the DC bias component in the signal, and then input to the filter module 4 for filtering processing to output a filtered signal of a specific frequency; S3, input the filtered signal of a specific frequency to the zero-order cancellation module 5 for differential compensation, and output the zero-order cancellation signal to the control module 6. The control module 6 outputs the number of particle events per second. S4. Obtain radiation measurement data from the standard test site and construct a linear function graph of the number of ion events per second versus the dose rate. S5. Based on the linear function graph of the number of ion events per second versus the dose rate, select the segmentation point, and establish a low-radiation fitting model and a high-radiation fitting model respectively based on the data on both sides of the segmentation point. S6, determine whether the number of particle events per second output by control module 6 is greater than the segmentation point. If it is greater, output it into the high radiation fitting model to calculate the dose rate. If it is less, input it into the low radiation fitting model to calculate the dose rate. S7: Obtain all dose rates within the test time, calculate the average value of all dose rates within the test time, obtain the final dose rate value, and output it to the display module 8 for display.

[0045] It should be noted that the silicon photodiode receives gamma particles and generates electron-hole pairs through the photoelectric effect. Under the action of an external reverse bias voltage, a photocurrent is formed. The photocurrent is buffered, filtered and amplified by the main amplification module 2, and the signal is output to the DC bias de-bias module 3. After being processed by the DC bias de-bias and filtering module 4, the signal is output to the zero-order cancellation module 5. Amplifier U4 is configured as a differential amplifier to perform differential processing on the input signal, amplify the differential mode signal and suppress the common mode signal. The signal after differential compensation is input to the control module 6. The control module 6 processes the signal and outputs the number of particle events per second.

[0046] We obtained radiation measurement data from the standard test site, constructed a linear function graph of ion events per second versus dose rate, and performed linear analysis on the graph. The data is presented in the following table:

[0047] The overall data shows that the CPS (Cellular Events Per Second) curve with dose rate is not a very linear curve, but rather resembles a power formula. However, using a power formula would lead to excessive deviations in the later ultra-high doses. Therefore, the data was segmented, and an intermediate point was selected for formula fitting between the two formulas. Based on the linear function graph analysis, 3.63 Gy / h was selected as the dividing point. Based on the data on both sides of the dividing point, low-radiation fitting models and high-radiation fitting models were established respectively.

[0048] The expression for the low-radiation fitting model is: y1=21.55x 1.1061 In the formula, y1 is the dose rate calculated by the low-radiation fitting model, and x is the number of particle events per second output by control module 6.

[0049] The expression for the high-radiation fitting model is: y2=16.15x 1.3227 In the formula, y2 is the dose rate calculated by the high radiation fitting model, and x is the number of particle events per second output by control module 6.

[0050] The response time of the device and the corresponding dose rate are determined based on the estimated dose rate. Generally, the higher the dose rate, the faster the response time. When the estimated dose rate is less than 3.63 Gy / h, a low-radiation fitting model is used for calculation. When the estimated dose rate is greater than or equal to 3.63 Gy / h, a high-radiation fitting model is used for calculation. Then, the average count value within this period is calculated based on the determined response time to obtain the final dose rate value.

[0051] In this embodiment, multi-stage amplification, filtering, and differential processing effectively improve signal quality and reduce noise interference and signal distortion. The high sensitivity and low noise characteristics of silicon photodiodes, combined with the signal processing circuit, ensure a high signal-to-noise ratio for the detection system. By constructing a linear function graph and establishing a piecewise fitting model, accurate dose rate calculation is achieved. This considers the different characteristics of low-radiation and high-radiation regions, avoids the high dose deviation problem caused by using a single power formula, and dynamically selects the low-radiation or high-radiation fitting model based on the number of particle events, expanding the dose rate measurement range and improving measurement accuracy.

[0052] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A high-range gamma particle nuclear radiation detection system, characterized in that, include: The detection unit (1) is used to receive the photoelectric effect generated by the radiation particles and convert it into an electrical signal; The input terminal of the main amplification module (2) is electrically connected to the output terminal of the detection unit (1) for amplifying and processing electrical signals; The input terminal of the DC bias removal module (3) is electrically connected to the output terminal of the main amplifier module (2) to remove the DC bias signal from the signal; The input terminal of the filter module (4) is electrically connected to the output terminal of the DC bias removal module (3) to filter the signal after DC bias removal. The input of the zero-order cancellation module (5) is electrically connected to the output of the filter module (4) to perform differential processing and phase cancellation on the filtered signal; The input terminal of the control module (6) is electrically connected to the output terminal of the zero-order phase cancellation module (5) to receive the signal after differential processing and phase cancellation and calculate the dose rate value.

2. The high-range gamma particle nuclear radiation detection system as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The main amplification module (2) includes a buffer unit (21), a first amplifier unit (22), a feedback unit (23), and an LC filter unit (24), wherein, The input terminal of the buffer unit (21) is electrically connected to the output terminal of the detection unit (1) to buffer and suppress the photoelectric signal; The input terminal of the LC filter unit (24) is electrically connected to the output terminal of the buffer unit (21) for noise reduction filtering of the buffered suppression signal; The input terminal of the first amplifier unit (22) is electrically connected to the output terminal of the LC filter unit (24) to amplify the filtered signal; The two ends of the feedback unit (23) are electrically connected to the input and output ends of the first amplifier unit (22) respectively, and are used to control the amplification factor of the first amplifier unit (22).

3. The high-range gamma particle nuclear radiation detection system as described in claim 2, characterized in that: The DC bias removal module (3) includes a first input coupling unit (31), a second amplifier unit (32), and an output coupling unit (33), wherein, The input terminal of the first input coupling unit (31) is electrically connected to the output terminal of the first amplifier unit (22) for coupling and current limiting of the amplified signal output by the first amplifier unit (22); The input terminal of the second amplifier unit (32) is electrically connected to the output terminal of the first input coupling unit (31) to remove the DC bias component in the signal; The input terminal of the output coupling unit (33) is electrically connected to the output terminal of the second amplifier unit (32) for filtering the signal output by the second amplifier unit (32).

4. The high-range gamma particle nuclear radiation detection system as described in claim 3, characterized in that: The filtering module (4) includes a second input coupling unit (41), a third amplifier unit (42), and a multiple feedback unit (43), wherein, The input terminal of the second input coupling unit (41) is electrically connected to the output terminal of the coupling unit (33) to couple the amplified signal output by the second amplifier unit (32) into the third amplifier unit (42); The input terminal of the third amplifier unit (42) is electrically connected to the output terminal of the second input coupling unit (41) for amplifying the signal; The two ends of the multiple feedback unit (43) are electrically connected to the input and output terminals of the third amplifier unit (42) respectively, and are used to control the frequency response of the third amplifier unit (42).

5. The high-range gamma particle nuclear radiation detection system as described in claim 4, characterized in that: The zero-order cancellation module (5) includes a voltage divider filter unit (51), a fourth amplifier unit (52), and a voltage bias unit (53), wherein, The input terminal of the voltage divider filter unit (51) is electrically connected to the output terminal of the third amplifier unit (42) for voltage divider filtering of the amplified signal output by the third amplifier unit (42); The non-inverting input terminal of the fourth amplifier unit (52) is electrically connected to the output terminal of the voltage divider filter unit (51) for differential processing of the input signal; The two ends of the voltage bias unit (53) are electrically connected to the output terminal and the non-inverting input terminal of the fourth amplifier unit (52), respectively, to provide bias voltage for the fourth amplifier unit (52).

6. The high-range gamma particle nuclear radiation detection system as described in claim 2, characterized in that: It also includes a power supply module (7), wherein the output terminal of the power supply module (7) is electrically connected to the output terminal of the detection unit (1) and the input terminal of the main amplification module (2), respectively, for providing a stable voltage to the detection unit (1).

7. The high-range gamma particle nuclear radiation detection system as described in claim 6, characterized in that: The power supply module (7) includes a power input unit (71), a voltage divider unit (72), and a noise reduction unit (73), wherein, The output terminal of the power input unit (71) is electrically connected to the input terminal of the voltage divider unit (72), which is used to limit the current and divide the power supply voltage. The output of the voltage divider unit (72) is electrically connected to the input of the noise reduction unit (73). The noise reduction unit (73) is used to filter and reduce noise on the power supply voltage after current limiting and voltage division. The output of the detection unit (1) is electrically connected to the output of the noise reduction unit (73) and the input of the buffer unit (21), respectively.

8. The high-range gamma particle nuclear radiation detection system as described in claim 1, characterized in that: It also includes a display module (8), the input terminal of the control module (6) is electrically connected to the output terminal of the display module (8), and is used to display the processed dose rate value.

9. The high-range gamma particle nuclear radiation detection system as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The detection unit (1) is a silicon photodiode.

10. A measurement method for a high-range gamma-particle nuclear radiation detection system, employing the high-range gamma-particle nuclear radiation detection system as described in any one of claims 1-8, characterized in that: The method includes the following steps: S1, the detection unit (1) receives radiation particles and generates photoelectric effect, which is converted into an electrical signal. The electrical signal is input to the main amplification module (2) for signal amplification and filtering, and outputs the primary amplified signal; S2, input the primary amplified signal to the DC bias removal module (3) to remove the DC bias component in the signal, and input it to the filter module (4) for filtering processing to output a filter signal of a specific frequency; S3, input the filtered signal of a specific frequency into the zero-order cancellation module (5) for differential compensation, and output the zero-order cancellation signal to the control module (6). The control module (6) outputs the number of particle events per second. S4. Obtain radiation measurement data from the standard test site and construct a linear function graph of the number of ion events per second versus the dose rate. S5. Based on the linear function graph of the number of ion events per second versus the dose rate, select the segmentation point, and establish a low-radiation fitting model and a high-radiation fitting model respectively based on the data on both sides of the segmentation point. S6, determine whether the number of particle events per second output by the control module (6) is greater than the dividing point. If it is greater, output it into the high radiation fitting model to calculate the dose rate. If it is less, input it into the low radiation fitting model to calculate the dose rate. S7, obtain all dose rates within the test time, calculate the average value of all dose rates within the test time, obtain the final dose rate value, and output it to the display module (8) for display.

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