A water gate pump station operation state and water regime linkage monitoring system

Abstract

The present application relates to the technical field of hydraulic engineering monitoring and control, in particular to a water gate pump station operation state and water regime linkage monitoring system. It comprises a decision control unit for generating long-term prediction information and short-term prediction information based on hydrological observation data, generating control instructions of water gate opening and water pump rotating speed; a control instruction execution unit for executing the control instructions of the corrected water gate opening and water pump rotating speed; a linkage safety interlocking unit for transmitting a standby pump starting instruction to the control instruction execution unit and transmitting a blocking signal to the tactical optimization module when the first condition and the second condition are met at the same time, and transmitting a release signal to the tactical optimization module after the standby pump starting instruction is executed. The system avoids the inefficiency or safety risk caused by fixed strategy and the execution of wrong operation in the equipment sick or fault state, effectively prevents the secondary damage of equipment and the interruption of system operation caused by improper control instructions.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of water conservancy monitoring and control, in particular to a water gate pump station operation state and water regime linkage monitoring system. BACKGROUND

[0002] As an important facility in water conservancy projects, water gate pump stations bear multiple functions such as flood control, drainage, and water supply. Traditional water gate pump station monitoring systems rely heavily on manual experience or simple automation control, making it difficult to cope with complex and changing hydrological conditions. For example, during heavy rain or floods, water regime data fluctuates greatly, and existing systems often cannot accurately predict and quickly adjust, leading to delayed drainage or overloading of equipment. In addition, insufficient monitoring of equipment operating conditions (such as water pump vibration and water gate opening) can cause mechanical failures and affect system safety. Therefore, there is an urgent need for a system that integrates water regime data and equipment status to achieve intelligent linkage monitoring, thereby improving operational efficiency and reliability.

[0003] The existing water gate pump station control system mainly has the following technical problems:

[0004] 1. The existing system lacks real-time monitoring and feedback correction mechanisms for short-term prediction and real-time observation data deviation, and the control instructions are disconnected from the actual water regime, affecting control accuracy;

[0005] 2. The existing system lacks self-adaptive adjustment capability under abnormal conditions (such as sudden water inflow, channel blockage, and low efficiency), often using fixed strategies, which may lead to low system efficiency or safety risks;

[0006] 3. The safety check of the decision layer and the execution layer of the control system is often separated, and the system may ignore the existing vibration anomalies or potential failures of the main water pump, and still force the execution of the instruction, which may lead to the risk of mismatch between control instructions and equipment status.

[0007] Therefore, a water gate pump station operation state and water regime linkage monitoring system is designed. SUMMARY

[0008] The present application aims to provide a water gate pump station operation state and water regime linkage monitoring system to solve the problems raised in the background.

[0009] To achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the present application aims to provide a water gate pump station operation state and water regime linkage monitoring system, comprising:

[0010] A data acquisition unit for real-time acquisition of hydrological observation data and equipment observation data within the drainage basin;

[0011] The decision control unit is used to generate long-term and short-term forecast information based on hydrological observation data, and to generate control commands for sluice gate opening and pump speed based on the long-term and short-term forecast information. At the same time, it monitors the deviation between the short-term forecast information and the real-time hydrological observation data in real time, and triggers a constraint adjustment strategy when the deviation exceeds the limit.

[0012] The control command execution unit is used to execute the modified control commands for the sluice gate opening and the water pump speed, and drive the sluice gate and the water pump to perform the command actions.

[0013] The linkage safety interlock unit is used to receive correction signals and equipment observation data in real time. When the first condition and the second condition are met simultaneously, it transmits a backup pump start command to the control command execution unit and sends a blocking signal to the tactical optimization module. After the backup pump start command is executed, it sends a release signal to the tactical optimization module.

[0014] As a further improvement to this technical solution, the hydrological observation data in the data acquisition unit includes water level data, flow rate data, and rainfall data; the equipment observation data includes water pump data and sluice gate data.

[0015] As a further improvement to this technical solution, the decision control unit includes a long-term prediction module, a short-term prediction module, a tactical optimization module, and a feedback correction module.

[0016] The long-term forecasting module is based on historical hydrological observation data and uses multi-source data fusion and machine learning weights to adaptively generate long-term forecasting information. The long-term forecasting information can generate a plan for the total drainage volume of the sluice gate pumping station in the future time period T1.

[0017] The short-term forecasting module is used to generate short-term forecast information based on real-time hydrological observation data and using multiple models that assimilate real-time data. The short-term forecast information includes forecast values ​​for the future time period T2, including water level forecasts and flow forecasts.

[0018] The tactical optimization module uses the total displacement plan generated by the long-term forecasting module as a reference, and the predicted values ​​output by the short-term forecasting module and the real-time observation data provided by the data acquisition unit as inputs. Based on the preset optimization objectives and initial operational constraints, it performs rolling optimization to generate the current cycle. The control commands for the sluice gate opening and the pump speed are obtained, and optimized based on the feedback correction module to obtain the corrected control commands for the sluice gate opening and the pump speed.

[0019] As a further improvement to this technical solution, the tactical optimization module includes a target optimization allocation submodule, a constraint adjustment submodule, and a rolling optimization solution submodule;

[0020] Among them, the target optimization allocation submodule is used to determine the optimization target and initial operational constraints based on hydrological observation data and equipment observation data;

[0021] The constraint adjustment submodule is used to optimize the initial operating constraints based on the received correction signal using a constraint adjustment strategy, and obtain the optimized operating constraints.

[0022] The rolling optimization solution submodule is used to re-solve the rolling optimization problem based on the optimized operational constraints, and generate the corrected control commands for the sluice gate opening and the pump speed.

[0023] The feedback correction module is used to calculate the predicted water level deviation and predicted flow deviation for each cycle based on the predicted water level and predicted flow rate, and form a deviation feature vector. The correction signal is then generated based on the deviation feature vector.

[0024] As a further improvement to this technical solution, the target optimization allocation submodule includes optimization targets that maximize drainage efficiency and minimize water level fluctuations, and dynamically adjusts the weights of the optimization targets based on real-time rainfall data and flow data.

[0025] Initial operating constraints include the sluice gate opening range, pump speed range, safe water level range, flow limit, and equipment protection constraints;

[0026] Among them, the sluice gate opening range is from the minimum opening. and maximum opening definition;

[0027] The water pump speed range starts from the minimum speed. and maximum speed definition;

[0028] The safe water level range is from the lowest water level. and highest water level definition;

[0029] Traffic limits are set by the maximum allowed traffic. definition;

[0030] Equipment protection constraints include the pump's continuous operating time not exceeding the maximum safe time. .

[0031] As a further improvement to this technical solution, the specific content of the constraint adjustment strategy in the constraint adjustment submodule is as follows:

[0032] When a surge in water flow is received, the maximum allowable flow rate in the flow limit will be adjusted. Constraints adjusted to ;in, , To be based on the signal carried in the correction signal A flow relaxation factor of a given size;

[0033] The maximum speed in the water pump speed range Constraints adjusted to ;in, , This is the speed relaxation coefficient;

[0034] The maximum opening within the sluice gate's opening range Constraints adjusted to ;in, ,in The maximum safe opening degree allowed by the mechanical design of the sluice gate;

[0035] Increase the maximum safe time for the water pump in the equipment protection constraints to [amount]. of times;

[0036] When a signal of insufficient water supply is received, the water level will be lowered to the lowest level within the safe water level range. Constraints adjusted to ;in, , This is the amount by which the lower limit of the water level is lowered;

[0037] The minimum speed in the water pump speed range Constraints adjusted to ;in, ;

[0038] Add a minimum flow constraint to flow limits ;

[0039] When a channel blockage signal is received, the water level will be set to the highest level within the safe water level range. Constraints adjusted to ,in, ,in This is the amount by which the upper limit of the water level is lowered;

[0040] Add water level change rate constraints and sluice gate opening change rate constraints to the equipment protection constraints;

[0041] When a low performance signal is received, the parameters of the initial operating constraints are not modified, and the system performance diagnosis process is triggered.

[0042] As a further improvement to this technical solution, the specific steps for generating the corrected control commands for the sluice gate opening and pump speed in the rolling optimization solution submodule are as follows:

[0043] S1, at the start of each control cycle Input the reference trajectory, feedforward disturbance, and initialization state;

[0044] The reference trajectory is derived from the total drainage plan of the long-term forecasting module, which is then converted into a drainage reference value for the current period. ;

[0045] Feedforward perturbation generates inflow curves based on water level predictions from the short-term prediction module. ,in ;

[0046] The initialization state obtains the current water level from the data acquisition unit. Current sluice gate opening and the current speed of each water pump ; The number of water pumps; For water pumps exist Rotational speed at any given moment;

[0047] S2. Define the objective optimization function based on the optimization objective, and use the optimized operational constraints as constraints for the optimization problem;

[0048] S3. Solve the optimization problem using the sequential quadratic programming algorithm, and output from... arrive A future control sequence ;

[0049] S4, control sequence The first control command in As of the present moment The revised control commands for sluice gate opening and pump speed;

[0050] S5, Enter the next rolling optimization cycle Based on the new real-time state, predicted inflow curve, and operational constraints, S1 to S4 are repeated to resolve the optimization problem and generate the solution. New control commands at any time.

[0051] As a further improvement to this technical solution, the specific steps for generating the correction signal based on the deviation feature vector in the feedback correction module are as follows:

[0052] Input the predicted water level and flow rate from the short-term forecasting module, as well as the real-time water level and flow rate data from the data acquisition unit, and calculate the predicted water level deviation. Deviation from predicted flow Generate deviation feature vector ,in, The duration of the deviation;

[0053] The deviation feature vector calculated in real time is matched with a predefined rule base to generate correction signals, which include signals for surge in water flow, insufficient water flow, channel blockage, and low efficiency.

[0054] Define water level deviation tolerance Flow deviation tolerance and duration threshold ;

[0055] The triggering condition for the surge in water inflow signal is as follows: and and ;

[0056] The trigger condition for the insufficient water supply signal is: and ;

[0057] The trigger condition for a channel congestion signal is: and ;

[0058] The triggering condition for the low performance signal is: and .

[0059] As a further improvement to this technical solution, in the linkage safety interlock unit, the first condition is that a correction signal is received from the feedback correction module, and the correction signal indicates that drainage needs to be increased or the indicated expected drainage volume is greater than zero; the second condition is that the vibration data of the main water pump in the water pump equipment is detected to be excessive from the equipment observation data or the main water pump is a faulty device.

[0060] As a further improvement to this technical solution, after receiving the blocking signal, the tactical optimization module no longer transmits the corrected sluice gate opening and water pump speed control commands to the control command execution unit. When the tactical optimization module receives the release signal, it transmits the corrected sluice gate opening and water pump speed control commands to the control command execution unit.

[0061] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows:

[0062] 1. The water gate pump station operation status and water condition linkage monitoring system introduces a real-time monitoring and feedback correction mechanism, which effectively solves the problem of the disconnect between control commands and actual water conditions and improves control accuracy; under abnormal operating conditions (such as a surge in water inflow or channel blockage), it can adaptively adjust operating constraints, avoiding the inefficiency or safety risks caused by fixed strategies.

[0063] 2. The water gate pump station operation status and water condition linkage monitoring system introduces a safety interlock to ensure that the execution unit it depends on is in good condition or has been successfully switched to standby state before any control command takes effect. This avoids erroneous operation when the equipment is faulty or malfunctioning, and effectively prevents secondary damage to equipment and system interruption caused by improper control commands. Attached Figure Description

[0064] Fig. 1 This is an overall flowchart of the present invention;

[0065] Fig. 2 This is a system block diagram of the decision control unit in this invention;

[0066] Fig. 3 This is a system block diagram of the tactical optimization module in this invention;

[0067] The meanings of the labels in the diagram are as follows:

[0068] 1. Data acquisition unit; 2. Decision control unit; 21. Long-term forecasting module; 22. Short-term forecasting module; 23. Tactical optimization module; 231. Target optimization allocation submodule; 232. Constraint adjustment submodule; 233. Rolling optimization solution submodule; 24. Feedback correction module; 3. Control command execution unit; 4. Linkage safety interlock unit. Detailed Implementation

[0069] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0070] Example: Please refer to Figs. 1-3 As shown, a water gate pumping station operation status and water condition linkage monitoring system is provided, including a data acquisition unit 1, a decision control unit 2, a control command execution unit 3, and a linkage safety interlock unit 4;

[0071] Among them, data acquisition unit 1 is used to acquire hydrological observation data and equipment observation data in the basin in real time;

[0072] In data acquisition unit 1, hydrological observation data includes water level data, flow rate data, and rainfall data; equipment observation data includes water pump data and sluice gate data.

[0073] Water level data includes real-time water levels, historical water levels, flood control limit water levels, and warning water levels;

[0074] Flow data includes river flow, reservoir inflow, outflow, and cumulative flow;

[0075] Rainfall data includes real-time rainfall, historical rainfall, and rainfall intensity;

[0076] The pump data includes the operating status, vibration value, speed and fault indicators of each pump;

[0077] The sluice gate data includes the sluice gate's operating status, current opening degree, historical opening degree records, and maximum allowable opening degree.

[0078] The decision control unit 2 is used to generate long-term and short-term forecast information based on hydrological observation data. Based on the long-term and short-term forecast information, it generates control commands for the sluice gate opening and pump speed. At the same time, it monitors the deviation between the short-term forecast information and the real-time hydrological observation data in real time, and triggers the constraint adjustment strategy when the deviation exceeds the limit.

[0079] The decision control unit 2 includes a long-term forecasting module 21, a short-term forecasting module 22, a tactical optimization module 23, and a feedback correction module 24;

[0080] Among them, the long-term prediction module 21 is based on historical hydrological observation data, and uses multi-source data fusion and machine learning weight adaptive generation to generate long-term prediction information. The long-term prediction information can generate the total drainage plan of the sluice pumping station in the future time period T1, where T1 is 24 hours to 72 hours.

[0081] In the long-term forecast module 21, the long-term forecast information includes:

[0082] The long-term prediction module 21 specifically uses kernel functions and SVM regression to predict the average rainfall sequence of the watershed surface within the future time period T1. It uses the RBF kernel function to map high-dimensional data to a high-dimensional feature space, and reduces the dimensionality of the original data by calculating the eigenvalues ​​and eigenvectors of the kernel matrix. The dimensionality-reduced 5-dimensional data is used as input, the radial basis function is used as the kernel function, and cross-validation is used to select the optimal parameters for SVM regression.

[0083] The predicted total runoff at key cross sections and the predicted water level process curve are obtained by calculating the hydrological model based on the average rainfall prediction sequence.

[0084] Based on the predicted water level process curve and the drainage capacity of the sluice gate pumping station, a plan for the total drainage volume of the sluice gate pumping station in the future time period T1 is generated.

[0085] The short-term forecast module 22 is used to generate short-term forecast information based on real-time hydrological observation data and using multiple models of real-time data assimilation. The short-term forecast information includes forecast values ​​for the future time period T2, including water level forecast values ​​and flow forecast values, where T2 is from 0 hours to 6 hours.

[0086] Specifically, a combined LSTM (Long Short-Term Memory) and GPR (Gaussian Process Regression) model is used for prediction. The optimal feature combination of water level is selected using 0-1 programming and genetic algorithms, and the dataset is reconstructed before prediction.

[0087] Assimilate real-time observation data with model predictions to improve prediction accuracy. Specific steps include:

[0088] The prediction results are corrected using a Kalman filter;

[0089] By adaptively adjusting weights, the prediction results of different models are integrated;

[0090] Generate predicted water level and flow rate values ​​for the future time period T2 (0-6 hours).

[0091] The tactical optimization module 23 takes the total displacement plan generated by the long-term forecast module 21 as a reference, and the predicted values ​​output by the short-term forecast module 22 and the real-time observation data provided by the data acquisition unit 1 as inputs. Based on the preset optimization objectives and initial operational constraints, it performs rolling optimization to generate the current cycle. The control commands for the sluice gate opening and the pump speed are obtained and optimized based on the feedback correction module 24 to obtain the corrected control commands for the sluice gate opening and the pump speed.

[0092] The tactical optimization module 23 includes an objective optimization allocation submodule 231, a constraint adjustment submodule 232, and a rolling optimization solution submodule 233;

[0093] Among them, the target optimization allocation submodule 231 is used to determine the optimization target and initial operational constraints based on hydrological observation data and equipment observation data;

[0094] In the target optimization allocation submodule 231, the optimization targets include maximizing drainage efficiency and minimizing water level fluctuations, and the weights of the optimization targets are dynamically adjusted based on real-time rainfall data and flow data; the initial operational constraints include the sluice gate opening range, the pump speed range, the water level safety range, the flow limit, and the equipment protection constraints.

[0095] Among them, the sluice gate opening range is from the minimum opening. and maximum opening Definition, based on the design parameters of the sluice gate;

[0096] The water pump speed range starts from the minimum speed. and maximum speed Definition, based on the water pump performance curve;

[0097] The safe water level range is from the lowest water level. and highest water level The definition is based on the watershed flood control standards.

[0098] Traffic limits are set by the maximum allowed traffic. Definition, based on channel capacity;

[0099] Equipment protection constraints include the pump's continuous operating time not exceeding the maximum safe time. .

[0100] The constraint adjustment submodule 232 is used to optimize the initial operating constraints according to the received correction signal using the constraint adjustment strategy, so as to obtain the optimized operating constraints;

[0101] In the constraint adjustment submodule 232, the specific content of the constraint adjustment strategy is as follows:

[0102] When a surge in incoming water is received, the maximum allowable flow rate in the flow limit will be adjusted. Constraints adjusted to ;in, , To be based on the signal carried in the correction signal A flow relaxation factor of a given size. ;

[0103] The maximum speed in the water pump speed range Constraints adjusted to ;in, , This is the speed relaxation coefficient. ;

[0104] The maximum opening within the sluice gate's opening range Constraints adjusted to ;in, ,in The maximum safe opening degree allowed by the mechanical design of the sluice gate;

[0105] Increase the maximum safe time for the water pump in the equipment protection constraints to [amount]. of times; The range is 1.2-1.5;

[0106] When a signal of insufficient water supply is received, the water level will be lowered to the lowest level within the safe water level range. Constraints adjusted to ;in, , This is the amount by which the lower limit of the water level is lowered; rice;

[0107] The minimum speed in the water pump speed range Constraints adjusted to ;in, Allowing the pumping station to be completely shut down;

[0108] Add a minimum flow constraint to flow limits ;in, Except for necessary ecological flow, no active drainage shall be carried out;

[0109] When a channel blockage signal is received, the water level will be set to the highest level within the safe water level range. Constraints adjusted to ,in, ,in This is the amount by which the upper limit of the water level is lowered; rice;

[0110] Add water level change rate constraints and sluice gate opening change rate constraints to the equipment protection constraints;

[0111]

[0112]

[0113] in, This refers to the water level height. For the sluice gate opening, The rate of change tightening factor; ;

[0114] By significantly tightening the rate of water level change and the rate of change of sluice gate opening The system is forced to operate smoothly. The purpose is to prevent secondary impacts on already blocked waterways or malfunctioning equipment caused by overly abrupt control commands, thus avoiding a worsening of the situation. At the same time, a smooth water level change also helps maintain the stability of the embankment.

[0115] When a low performance signal is received, the parameters of the initial operating constraints are not modified, and the system performance diagnosis process is triggered.

[0116] All constraint adjustments are temporary measures. The recovery mechanism ensures that when the abnormal operating conditions disappear (i.e., the correction signal is withdrawn), the system can gradually and smoothly return to the normal operating boundary, preventing system oscillations or malfunctions caused by sudden changes in constraints, and guaranteeing the long-term stability and reliability of the system.

[0117] The specific implementations of the four correction signals are as follows:

[0118] Surge inflow signal: When both water level and flow rate are significantly higher than expected and this continues for more than three sampling periods, the system will adjust the maximum allowable flow rate constraint in the flow limit to 1.2 times its original value, the maximum speed constraint in the pump speed range to 1.1 times its original value, the maximum opening constraint in the sluice gate opening range to 1.05 times its original value, and increase the maximum safe time of the pump to 1.5 times its original value. This measure aims to rapidly increase drainage capacity during sudden water inflows, prevent continuous water level rises, and ensure the safety of the watershed.

[0119] Insufficient Water Inflow Signal: When both water level and flow rate are significantly lower than expected, the system adjusts the minimum water level constraint within the safe water level range to 0.95 times its original value, the minimum pump speed constraint within the pump speed range to 0.8 times its original value, and adds a minimum flow rate constraint to 0.2 times its original value, strictly enforcing the start-stop frequency limits in equipment protection constraints. This measure aims to avoid resource waste and insufficient water storage during periods of low water inflow, achieving water conservation and retention.

[0120] Channel blockage signal: When the water level remains high but the actual discharge flow is low, the system adjusts the highest water level constraint within the safe water level range to 0.98 times the original value, and increases the constraints on the rate of water level change and the rate of change of sluice gate opening, with a tightening coefficient of 0.5. This measure aims to prevent secondary impacts on already blocked channels or malfunctioning equipment due to overly drastic control commands, thus avoiding a worsening of the situation. Simultaneously, gentle water level changes help maintain bank stability.

[0121] Low efficiency signal: When drainage is large (high flow rate) but the water level drops poorly, the system will not modify the initial operating constraints but will trigger the system efficiency diagnosis process. This measure aims to promptly identify system efficiency anomalies, perform diagnosis and optimization, and avoid blindly increasing drainage.

[0122] The rolling optimization solution submodule 233 is used to re-solve the rolling optimization problem based on the optimized operational constraints and generate the corrected control commands for the sluice gate opening and the pump speed.

[0123] In the rolling optimization solution submodule 233, the steps for generating the corrected control commands for the sluice gate opening and pump speed are as follows: at the beginning of each control cycle, input the reference trajectory, feedforward disturbance, and initialization state; define the objective optimization function based on the optimization objective, and use the optimized operational constraints as constraints for the optimization problem; solve the optimization problem using a sequential quadratic programming algorithm, and output from t to t A future control sequence; the first control instruction in the control sequence is used as the control instruction at the current moment.

[0124] The specific steps are as follows:

[0125] S1, at the start of each control cycle Input the reference trajectory, feedforward disturbance, and initialization state;

[0126] The reference trajectory is derived from the total drainage plan of the long-term forecasting module 21, which converts the total drainage plan into a drainage reference value for the current period. ;

[0127] The feedforward disturbance generates the inflow curve using the water level prediction value from the short-term prediction module 22. ,in ;

[0128] The initial state is obtained from the current water level of data acquisition unit 1. Current sluice gate opening and the current speed of each water pump ; The number of water pumps; For water pumps exist Rotational speed at any given moment;

[0129] S2. Define the objective optimization function based on the optimization objective, and use the optimized operational constraints as constraints for the optimization problem;

[0130]

[0131] In the formula, Optimize the function for the objective; Weights for drainage efficiency targets; For drainage efficiency targets; The weight of the target for water level fluctuation; For water level fluctuations;

[0132] Weight and Dynamically adjusted by the target optimization allocation submodule 231:

[0133] When rainfall is heavy or the water flow is rapid: Increase Reduce (safety first);

[0134] When the water flow is stable: Increase Reduce (efficiency first);

[0135] S3. Solve the optimization problem using the sequential quadratic programming algorithm, and output from... arrive A future control sequence ;

[0136] ;

[0137] S4, control sequence The first control command in As of the present moment The revised control commands for sluice gate opening and pump speed;

[0138] S5, Enter the next rolling optimization cycle :

[0139] The control command execution unit 3 drives the sluice gate and water pump to achieve the state required by the control command;

[0140] Data acquisition unit 1 acquires new real-time status. , , ;

[0141] Short-term forecasting module 22 updates the predicted water inflow curve ;

[0142] The feedback correction module 24 determines whether a new correction signal needs to be generated to adjust the operational constraints.

[0143] Based on the new real-time state, predicted inflow curve, and operational constraints, S1 to S4 are repeated to resolve the optimization problem and generate a new solution. New control commands at any time.

[0144] The feedback correction module 24 is used to calculate the predicted water level deviation and predicted flow deviation for each cycle based on the predicted water level and predicted flow, and form a deviation feature vector, and generate a correction signal based on the deviation feature vector.

[0145] In the feedback correction module 24, the specific steps for generating the correction signal based on the deviation feature vector are as follows:

[0146] Input the predicted water level and flow rate from the short-term forecast module 22, and the real-time water level and flow rate data from the data acquisition unit 1, and calculate the predicted water level deviation. Deviation from predicted flow Generate deviation feature vector ,in, The duration of the deviation;

[0147] The deviation feature vector calculated in real time is matched with a predefined rule base to generate correction signals, which include signals for surge in water flow, insufficient water flow, channel blockage, and low efficiency.

[0148] Define water level deviation tolerance Flow deviation tolerance and duration threshold Water level deviation tolerance This represents the maximum acceptable normal deviation between the predicted and actual water levels, and its value is [value missing]. Meters; Flow deviation tolerance This represents the maximum acceptable normal deviation between predicted and actual traffic flow, and its value is [value missing]. Duration threshold This represents the minimum duration of continuous observation, with a value of 3 sampling periods. The main purpose is to prevent the system from malfunctioning due to momentary interference or short-term data anomalies, and to improve the reliability of decision-making.

[0149] The triggering condition for the surge in water inflow signal is as follows: and and ;

[0150] This indicates that both the water level and flow rate are significantly higher than expected, and this situation has persisted for some time. This suggests that it is not an instantaneous error, but rather a systemic influx of water exceeding expectations, requiring an urgent increase in drainage capacity.

[0151] The trigger condition for the insufficient water supply signal is: and ;

[0152] This indicates that both the water level and flow rate are significantly lower than expected, suggesting that the actual water situation is dry. Continuing to drain water according to the original plan will result in a waste of resources and insufficient water storage, and it is necessary to immediately switch to a water-saving and water-conserving mode.

[0153] The trigger condition for a channel congestion signal is: and ;

[0154] This indicates that the water level is high but the actual discharge flow is very low. This strongly suggests that the downstream outlet is blocked (such as gate malfunction, river siltation, or downstream backwater). The system should not blindly increase drainage but should adopt a conservative strategy and issue an alarm.

[0155] The triggering condition for the low performance signal is: and ;

[0156] This indicates a large drainage effort (high flow rate), but the water level drop is ineffective. This suggests abnormal system efficiency, potentially due to unknown confluences, leaks, or model inaccuracies. The focus should shift from "performance-driven" to "efficiency-driven," triggering system diagnostics.

[0157] Threshold ( , , These values ​​are not fixed and are dynamically adjusted through the adaptive learning mechanism to adapt to different seasons, weather conditions, and model performance.

[0158] The control command execution unit 3 is used to execute the modified control commands for the sluice gate opening and the water pump speed, and drive the sluice gate and the water pump to perform the command actions.

[0159] The linkage safety interlock unit 4 is used to receive correction signals and equipment observation data in real time. When the first condition and the second condition are met at the same time, it transmits the backup pump start command to the control command execution unit 3 and sends the blocking signal to the tactical optimization module 23. After the backup pump start command is executed (feedback from the control command execution unit 3), it sends the release signal to the tactical optimization module 23.

[0160] In the linkage safety interlock unit 4, the first condition is that a correction signal is received from the feedback correction module 24, and the correction signal indicates that drainage needs to be increased or the indicated expected drainage volume is greater than zero; the second condition is that the vibration data of the main water pump in the water pump equipment is detected to be excessive from the equipment observation data or the main water pump is a faulty device.

[0161] After receiving the blocking signal, the tactical optimization module 23 will no longer transmit the control commands for the corrected sluice gate opening and water pump speed to the control command execution unit 3. When the tactical optimization module 23 receives the release signal, it will transmit the control commands for the corrected sluice gate opening and water pump speed to the control command execution unit 3.

[0162] The specific process of the linkage safety interlock unit 4 is as follows:

[0163] Real-time reception of correction signals from feedback correction module 24 and device status data from execution unit 3 or data acquisition unit 1. Among them, the correction signal Includes instruction type field Changes in expected control quantity Water pump data Includes the operating status of each water pump Vibration value Rotation speed With fault signs When both conditions are met:

[0164] First condition: ="Increase drainage" or ;

[0165] Second condition: There is a main water pump. This makes the vibration value or ; Vibration threshold The determination is based on the pump manufacturer's recommendations, installation resonance characteristics, and field test data.

[0166] The interlocking safety unit 4 does not directly issue an execution command to the execution unit 3 to immediately increase drainage, but instead selects and sends the command to at least one standby water pump. Issue start command Monitor the backup water pump Operating status and based on the standby pump Predefined commissioning verification conditions Determine the standby water pump Whether it has been successfully put into operation; only if it meets the requirements Subsequently, the linkage safety interlock unit 4 releases or forwards new optimization instructions to the tactical optimization module 23 or the control instruction execution unit 3;

[0167] The system pre-configures a standby pump priority table, listing pumps by number and priority. The system attempts to start the first available standby pump in the order listed. Predefined commissioning verification conditions Includes: standby pump The operating status is "operating"; and the standby pump... The rotational speed is greater than or equal to the pump's minimum rotational speed; and the standby pump... The vibration frequency is less than or equal to the vibration threshold.

[0168] The interlocking safety unit 4 also includes a timeout and retry mechanism, which is used in the backup water pump. Not within the scheduled timeout period Internal satisfaction At that time, retry according to the preset number of times. The system will attempt to retry. If the retry fails, a manual confirmation request or an alternative degradation control signal will be sent. .

[0169] Furthermore, when the linkage safety interlock unit 4 detects an abnormality in the sluice gate opening data in the equipment observation data, it sends an emergency stop command to the control command execution unit 3 and triggers the audible and visual alarm device.

[0170] In this embodiment, the linkage safety interlock unit 4 uses the vibration velocity RMS (unit: mm / s) as the criterion for pump operation health and sets a warning threshold. Shutdown threshold When the feedback correction module 24 issues an "increase drainage" correction signal and the main pump A vibrates... Exceed At that time, the interlocking safety unit 4 selects pump B, which has the highest priority, from the standby pump list and issues a start command; the interlocking safety unit 4 waits... To confirm successful startup, if... If unsuccessful on the second retry, then issue And enter a downgraded safety mode (limiting maximum displacement to...) In the interlocked state, the tactical optimization module 23 continues to solve for control commands according to the strategy, but all commands are marked as... Until the linkage safety interlock unit 4 issues a warning. Signal; at this time, the tactical optimization module 23 sends control commands to the execution unit with the most recent solution or the solution after re-solving.

[0171] This unit constructs a proactive safety decision-making layer. Instead of passively triggering alarms after equipment failure, it actively verifies the health status of critical equipment (the main water pump) upon receiving a control command requiring increased drainage. If any abnormal signs are detected (such as excessive vibration), it automatically triggers the backup equipment activation process. Until the backup equipment is confirmed to be operating normally, it temporarily blocks the transmission of control commands that might exacerbate system risks or are ineffective. This dual-condition criterion of "command-status" and the interlocking mechanism of "pre-verification-re-release" significantly enhances the system's proactive defense capabilities against latent equipment failures, achieving a leap from passive response to proactive protection and ensuring the overall resilience and decision-making safety of the control system.

[0172] The foregoing has shown and described the basic principles, main features, and advantages of the present invention. Those skilled in the art should understand that the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments. The embodiments and descriptions in the specification are merely preferred examples and are not intended to limit the invention. Various changes and modifications can be made to the invention without departing from its spirit and scope, and all such changes and modifications fall within the scope of the claimed invention.

Claims

1. A water gate pumping station operating state and water regime linkage monitoring system, characterized in that, The system comprises: a data acquisition unit (1) for acquiring hydrological observation data and equipment observation data in a river basin in real time; a decision control unit (2) for generating long-term prediction information and short-term prediction information based on the hydrological observation data, generating control instructions for the water gate opening degree and the water pump rotating speed based on the long-term prediction information and the short-term prediction information, and simultaneously monitoring the deviation of the short-term prediction information from real-time hydrological observation data, and triggering a constraint condition adjustment strategy when the deviation exceeds a limit; a control instruction execution unit (3) for executing the control instructions for the water gate opening degree and the water pump rotating speed after correction, and driving the water gate and the water pump to perform the instructions; a linkage safety interlocking unit (4) for receiving a correction signal and equipment observation data in real time, transmitting a standby pump starting instruction to the control instruction execution unit (3) and a blocking signal to the tactical optimization module (23) when the first condition and the second condition are both met, and transmitting a release signal to the tactical optimization module (23) after the execution of the standby pump starting instruction; wherein the first condition is that the correction signal from the feedback correction module (24) is received, and the correction signal indicates that the drainage needs to be increased or the expected drainage amount indicated is greater than zero; and the second condition is that the vibration data of the main water pump in the water pump equipment is monitored to be out of standard or the main water pump is a faulty equipment from the equipment observation data; after receiving the blocking signal, the tactical optimization module (23) no longer transmits the control instructions for the water gate opening degree and the water pump rotating speed after correction to the control instruction execution unit (3), and after receiving the release signal, the tactical optimization module (23) transmits the control instructions for the water gate opening degree and the water pump rotating speed after correction to the control instruction execution unit (3).

2. The operation state and water regime linkage monitoring system for the water gate pumping station according to claim 1, characterized in that: In the data acquisition unit (1), the hydrological observation data includes water level data, flow data and rainfall data; and the equipment observation data includes water pump data and water gate data.

3. The operation state and water regime linkage monitoring system for the water gate pumping station according to claim 2, characterized in that: The decision control unit (2) comprises a long-term prediction module (21), a short-term prediction module (22), a tactical optimization module (23) and a feedback correction module (24); wherein the long-term prediction module (21) generates long-term prediction information based on historical hydrological observation data by using multi-source data fusion and machine learning weight self-adaptation, and the long-term prediction information can generate a total drainage amount plan of the water gate pumping station in a future T1 period; the short-term prediction module (22) is used for generating short-term prediction information by using real-time data assimilation multi-model based on real-time hydrological observation data, and the short-term prediction information includes a prediction value in a future T2 period, and the prediction value includes a water level prediction value and a flow prediction value; The tactical optimization module (23) takes the total displacement plan generated by the long-term prediction module (21) as a reference, takes the prediction value output by the short-term prediction module (22) and the real-time observation data provided by the data acquisition unit (1) as inputs, performs rolling optimization based on a preset optimization target and initial operation constraints, and generates control instructions for the water gate opening and the water pump rotating speed in the current period The control instructions for the water gate opening and the water pump rotating speed are corrected based on the feedback correction module (24).

4. The operation state and water regime linkage monitoring system for the water gate pumping station according to claim 3, characterized in that: the tactical optimization module (23) comprises a target optimization distribution sub-module (231), a constraint condition adjustment sub-module (232) and a rolling optimization solving sub-module (233); wherein the target optimization distribution sub-module (231) is used for determining an optimization target and an initial operation constraint based on the hydrological observation data and the equipment observation data; The constraint condition adjustment submodule (232) is configured to optimize the initial operation constraint by using a constraint condition adjustment strategy according to the received correction signal, to obtain an optimized operation constraint; The rolling optimization solving submodule (233) is configured to re-solve the rolling optimization problem according to the optimized operation constraint, to generate a corrected control instruction of the sluice opening degree and the water pump rotating speed; The feedback correction module (24) is configured to calculate a predicted water level deviation and a predicted flow deviation respectively based on the predicted water level and the predicted flow, to form a deviation feature vector, and to generate a correction signal according to the deviation feature vector.

5. The operation state and water regime linkage monitoring system for the water gate pumping station according to claim 4, characterized in that: In the target optimization distribution submodule (231), the optimization target includes maximizing the drainage efficiency and minimizing the water level fluctuation, and the weight of the optimization target is dynamically adjusted according to real-time rainfall data and flow data; The initial operation constraint includes a sluice opening degree range, a water pump rotating speed range, a water level safety range, a flow limit and a device protection constraint; wherein the gate opening range is defined by a minimum opening and a maximum opening . The water pump rotational speed range is defined by a minimum rotational speed and a maximum rotational speed ; The water level safety range is defined by the lowest water level and the highest water level ​ The flow restriction is defined by a maximum allowed flow rate; The device protection constraint includes that the water pump continuous running time does not exceed the maximum safety time .

6. The operation state and water regime linkage monitoring system for the water gate pumping station according to claim 5, characterized in that: In the constraint condition adjustment submodule (232), the specific content of the constraint condition adjustment strategy is as follows: when receiving the incoming water surge signal, the maximum allowed flow rate in the flow restriction the constraint adjustment is ; wherein, , is a flow relaxation coefficient; the maximum rotational speed in the rotational speed range of the water pump the constraint adjustment is ; wherein , is a rotational speed relaxation factor; the maximum opening in the range of gate openings the constraint adjustment is ; wherein wherein is the maximum safe gate opening The maximum safe time of water pump in the equipment protection constraint is increased to times of 1.2-1.5;​ when receiving the insufficient water signal, lowering the lower water level limit in the water level safety range the constraint adjustment is ; wherein, , is a water level lower limit lowering amount; the minimum rotational speed in the rotational speed range of the water pump the constraint adjustment is ; wherein ; Adding minimum flow constraint in flow limit ; when receiving the channel blockage signal, lowering the upper water level in the water level safety range by the water level upper limit lowering amount the constraint adjustment is wherein, wherein is a water level upper limit lowering amount; The water level change rate constraint and the sluice opening degree change rate constraint are added in the device protection constraint; When the low efficiency signal is received, the parameters of the initial operation constraint are not modified, and a system efficiency diagnosis process is triggered.

7. The operation state and water regime linkage monitoring system for the water gate pumping station according to claim 6, characterized in that: In the rolling optimization solving submodule (233), the specific steps of generating the corrected control instruction of the sluice opening degree and the water pump rotating speed are as follows: S1, at the beginning of each control cycle input reference trajectory, feedforward disturbance and initial state; wherein the reference trajectory comes from a long-term prediction module (21) of a total displacement plan, the total displacement plan being converted into a reference value of displacement for the current period ; The feedforward disturbance is generated by a short-term prediction module (22) of the water level prediction value to the water curve wherein ; The initialization state obtains the current water level from the data acquisition unit (1). Current sluice gate opening and the current speed of each water pump ; The number of water pumps; For water pumps exist Rotational speed at any given moment; S2, defining a target optimization function based on the optimization target, and taking the optimized operation constraint as a constraint of the optimization problem; S3, solve the optimization problem using a sequential quadratic programming algorithm, output a future control sequence from to ;​ S4, the first control instruction in the control sequence is taken as the current time corrected water gate opening and pump speed control instructions; S5, entering the next rolling optimization period S1 to S4, re-solve the optimization problem and generate new control instructions for the time instant, based on the new real-time state, forecast inflow curve and operational constraints. S5, entering the next rolling optimization period 8. The operation state and water regime linkage monitoring system for the water gate pumping station according to claim 7, characterized in that: In the feedback correction module (24), the specific steps of generating the correction signal according to the deviation feature vector are as follows: The input is the water level prediction value and the flow prediction value from the short-term prediction module (22) and the real-time water level data and the real-time flow data from the data acquisition unit (1), and the predicted water level deviation and the predicted flow deviation are calculated , and the deviation feature vector is generated , wherein, is the deviation duration​ The real-time calculated deviation feature vector is matched with a pre-defined rule library to generate a correction signal, and the correction signal includes a sudden increase of inflow signal, an insufficient inflow signal, a channel blockage signal and a low efficiency signal; define a water level deviation tolerance , a flow deviation tolerance , and a duration threshold ; Wherein, the trigger condition of the water inflow surge signal is: And And ; The trigger condition of the water shortage signal is and ; The triggering condition of the channel blockage signal is: and ; The triggering condition of the low-efficiency signal is: and .

Images