Automatic control system for extracting and separating persimmon leaf tartaric acid based on PLC (Programmable Logic Controller)

Abstract

The invention discloses a PLC-based persimmon leaf tartaric acid extraction and separation automatic control system, and relates to the technical field of extraction and separation control. The PLC-based persimmon leaf tartaric acid extraction and separation automatic control system comprises: an extraction tank state evaluation module; a metering pump performance optimization judgment module; and a persimmon leaf tartaric acid extraction control optimization judgment module. According to the method, the abnormal state of the extraction tank is judged, the judgment result for determining whether the performance of the metering pump is monitored or not is generated, if the received judgment result is that the performance of the metering pump is not monitored, the normal extraction prompt of the extraction tank is sent, and otherwise, the feedback monitoring of the metering pump is performed after the performance monitoring of the metering pump is qualified. Whether persimmon leaf tartaric acid extraction control optimization is carried out or not is judged based on the monitoring result fed back by the metering pump, the effect of improving the accuracy of persimmon leaf tartaric acid extraction and separation automatic control data is achieved, and the problem that in the prior art, the accuracy of persimmon leaf tartaric acid extraction and separation automatic control data is low is solved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of extraction and separation control technology, and in particular to an automated control system for the extraction and separation of persimmon leaf fruit acids based on PLC. Background Technology

[0002] Persimmon leaf fruit acid is a type of fruit acid extracted from the leaves of the persimmon plant (Diospyros kaki). It mainly consists of ursolic acid and oleanolic acid. It has a wide range of important uses, such as anti-oxidation, skin soothing, and promoting gastric juice secretion. Therefore, its extraction and separation process is crucial. PLC (Programmable Logic Controller) based automation control technology can accurately control each step of the extraction and separation process, ensuring that the extracted persimmon leaf fruit acid has high purity and stable quality, providing a reliable guarantee for subsequent applications. The existing technology for extracting and separating fruit acids from persimmon leaves involves crushing the raw material, extracting it with an ethanol solution (extraction is performed by heating and reflux, 1-3 times, each extraction time 1-3 hours), filtering the extract, recovering the ethanol from the filtrate under reduced pressure to obtain a crude extract, redissolving the crude extract in an ethanol solution to obtain a mixed solution, adsorbing the mixed solution onto a resin column, first eluting with water until colorless, then eluting with an eluent such as sodium bicarbonate solution, collecting the eluent, adjusting the pH, filtering, and drying the filter residue to obtain the final product. Specifically, the process involves: raw material pretreatment stage: removing impurities from the persimmon leaves and crushing them to a specific particle size; extraction stage: dissolving the fruit acids from the crushed persimmon leaves using a solvent (such as water or ethanol), requiring control of temperature, time, and stirring rate; after the PLC receives the signal from the connected crusher, opening the feed valve of the extraction tank; measuring the amount of persimmon leaves using a weighing sensor; calculating the solvent usage based on the solid-liquid ratio; and the PLC controlling a metering pump to pump solvent from the solvent storage tank to the extraction tank. The liquid level sensor then confirms the liquid level. Once the set volume is reached, the pump stops, and the internal stirring device of the extraction tank is started. The PLC monitors and adjusts the stirring frequency through a closed-loop speed sensor. The heating device (electric heating or steam) is started, and the temperature sensor detects the temperature inside the extraction tank in real time. The heating power (such as the steam valve opening) is adjusted using a PID (Proportional-Integral-Derivative) algorithm to ensure stable temperature fluctuations inside the extraction tank. During this period, the PLC monitors the temperature and stirring status in real time. If there is an abnormality, an alarm is triggered and the current parameters are maintained. After the monitoring time is up, the PLC stops heating and stirring, opens the valve at the bottom of the extraction tank, and sends the extract (a mixture containing fruit acids) into the filtration equipment. Filtration stage: Separate the residue from the extract to obtain a clear filtrate. Purification stage: Remove impurities (such as polysaccharides and pigments) from the filtrate and enrich the fruit acids. Concentration stage: Remove the solvent (such as ethanol) from the eluent to obtain a high-concentration fruit acid solution. Drying stage: Dry the concentrate into a solid fruit acid product.

[0003] For example, Chinese invention patent CN103257640B discloses a network control system and extraction method for a quinquefolium extraction device, comprising: a distillation kettle, a distillation column, a reaction kettle, a solid-liquid separation device, and a dryer. The top of the distillation column is connected to the reaction kettle in sequence via a cooler and a metering tank. The reaction kettle is also equipped with a composite solvent pipeline connected to solvent tank A and solvent tank B respectively. The outlet of the reaction kettle is connected to a scraper crystallizer and a washing kettle in sequence. The scraper crystallizer and the washing kettle are respectively provided with outlets connected to the solid-liquid separation device. The solid separated material from the solid-liquid separation device enters the dryer.

[0004] For example, the Chinese utility model patent with announcement number CN215895302U discloses an automated control system for a pharmaceutical liquid extraction production line, which includes: a sensor control system: multiple PLC programmable logic controllers are connected to multiple sensors respectively, and the multiple sensors are used to monitor the extraction tank, alcohol precipitation tank, filter centrifuge, buffer storage tank and waste liquid storage tank respectively; and an execution control system: multiple PLC programmable logic controllers are connected to multiple drive motors respectively, and the multiple drive motors are used to drive the extraction tank, alcohol precipitation tank and filter centrifuge.

[0005] The above-mentioned technology has at least the following technical problems:

[0006] During the extraction and separation of persimmon leaf fruit acids, wear and tear on the extraction tank after long-term use (such as wear on the stirring device) may damage the original structural precision, sealing performance, or fluid dynamic characteristics of the extraction tank. This can block or interfere with the normal path of solvent drainage and bubble escape, resulting in residual bubbles or unexpelled solvent in the extraction tank. If the residual bubbles in the extraction tank enter the metering pump body with the new solvent, they directly interfere with the pump's fluid dynamics. When the new solvent is pumped in, the mixture of residual solvent and bubbles may flow into the suction line of the metering pump with the liquid flow. The bubbles occupy the pump cavity volume, reducing the actual discharge volume and potentially affecting the metering pump's discharge efficiency. When the metering pump operates at the calculated volume, the reduced discharge efficiency caused by the residual solvent disrupts the flow stability of the metering pump, distorting the matching relationship between the solvent pumping volume and the pump stop time. This leads to a feedback deviation stop signal to the PLC, causing control lag in the PLC and PID algorithm's control of heating and stirring based on the feedback stop signal after the pump stops. This results in low accuracy of the automated control data for the extraction and separation of persimmon leaf fruit acids. Summary of the Invention

[0007] To address the technical problem of low data accuracy in the automated control of persimmon leaf fruit acid extraction and separation in existing technologies, this invention provides a PLC-based automated control system for persimmon leaf fruit acid extraction and separation. The technical solution is as follows:

[0008] On one hand, a PLC-based automated control system for the extraction and separation of persimmon leaf fruit acid is provided, including: an extraction tank status assessment module, a metering pump performance optimization judgment module, and a persimmon leaf fruit acid extraction control optimization judgment module. The extraction tank status assessment module is used to determine abnormalities in the extraction tank status during the persimmon leaf fruit acid extraction and separation process, generate a judgment result to decide whether to perform metering pump performance monitoring to assess the metering pump performance, and transmit the judgment result to the metering pump performance optimization judgment module. The metering pump performance optimization judgment module is used to send a normal extraction prompt if the received judgment result indicates that metering pump performance monitoring is not required; otherwise, after the metering pump performance monitoring is qualified, it performs metering pump feedback monitoring to measure the metering pump feedback lag, and transmits the metering pump feedback monitoring result to the persimmon leaf fruit acid extraction control optimization judgment module. The persimmon leaf fruit acid extraction control optimization judgment module is used to determine whether to perform persimmon leaf fruit acid extraction control optimization based on the metering pump feedback monitoring result. Persimmon leaf fruit acid extraction control optimization means reducing the impact of metering pump feedback lag on the persimmon leaf fruit acid extraction effect by dynamically controlling the heating time and stirring speed.

[0009] The beneficial effects of the technical solutions provided in the embodiments of the present invention include at least the following:

[0010] 1. By monitoring the extraction tank's status during the extraction and separation of persimmon leaf fruit acids to determine whether to conduct metering pump performance evaluation, early anomaly tracing helps to avoid misjudging potential metering pump performance issues as extraction tank malfunctions, reducing unnecessary downtime for troubleshooting, and improving production continuity. If metering pump performance monitoring is not performed, a normal extraction status notification is sent. Conversely, after metering pump performance monitoring is deemed satisfactory, metering pump feedback monitoring is conducted to measure metering pump feedback lag. This helps to accurately capture the dynamic response characteristics of the metering pump during solvent addition, based on metering pump feedback. The monitoring results determine whether persimmon leaf fruit acid extraction control optimization is needed. By dynamically adjusting the heating time and stirring speed to reduce the impact of metering pump feedback lag on the extraction effect of persimmon leaf fruit acid, the optimization of persimmon leaf fruit acid extraction control helps to achieve coordinated adaptation of material concentration, reaction temperature and metering pump delivery rhythm during the extraction process, improves the stability and purity of fruit acid extraction, reduces material waste and energy loss caused by control lag, and thus improves the accuracy of automated control data for persimmon leaf fruit acid extraction and separation, effectively solving the problem of low accuracy of automated control data for persimmon leaf fruit acid extraction and separation in existing technologies.

[0011] 2. By harmonizing and averaging the abnormal extraction tank status characterization value and the pump resistance interference value used to reflect the metering pump resistance, a metering pump performance reflection value is obtained. Compared with the existing technology's single-dimensional evaluation of metering pump performance, this method helps to achieve multi-dimensional collaborative evaluation of metering pump performance. It incorporates the correlation interference of the extraction tank's abnormal state on the metering pump, while also taking into account the metering pump's own resistance characteristics. This avoids evaluation bias caused by neglecting the interaction between devices due to a single indicator. Based on the obtained metering pump performance reflection value, a judgment is made. If the metering pump performance reflection value is greater than the preset metering pump performance reflection value, metering pump performance monitoring is performed; otherwise, metering pump feedback monitoring is performed. This helps to achieve precise and on-demand differentiated monitoring, avoiding redundant consumption of monitoring resources and ensuring targeted control of the extraction process, thus providing precise assurance for the stable and efficient extraction of persimmon leaf fruit acid.

[0012] 3. By harmonizing and averaging the unqualified pump stop deviation value and the temperature feedback delay deviation (which reflects the lag in temperature sensor feedback) to obtain the temperature feedback interference index, it is helpful to comprehensively consider the interaction between abnormal pump stop and temperature sensor lag, avoiding misjudgment of the actual interference level of the temperature system by a single indicator. By harmonizing and averaging the unqualified pump stop deviation value and the stirring feedback delay deviation (which reflects the lag in stirring device feedback) to obtain the stirring feedback interference index, it is helpful to integrate the abnormal pump stop and the lag characteristics of the stirring device, improving the accuracy of the assessment of the actual operating status of the stirring system. By inputting the temperature feedback interference index and the stirring feedback interference index into the feedback delay influence mapping table to extract the feedback delay control factor, and judging whether to perform temperature-extraction optimization or stirring-extraction optimization based on the feedback delay control factor, it is helpful to achieve synergistic analysis of the feedback delay interference of temperature and stirring system, accurately identify the dominant interference source, avoid resource waste or inefficient optimization caused by indiscriminate control, ensure the dynamic adaptability of temperature and stirring parameters during the extraction of persimmon leaf fruit acid, and improve the stability of extraction efficiency and target component purity.

[0013] 4. By inputting the metering pump performance response value into the pump performance adjustment force mapping table to extract the pump performance adjustment force value, and comparing the pump performance adjustment force value, the mapping table pre-associates the performance response value under different operating conditions with the appropriate adjustment force parameter, avoiding the subjective bias of empirical adjustment, and helping to ensure that the adjustment direction is accurately matched with the actual performance requirements of the metering pump. If the metering pump stroke frequency adjustment factor is greater than the pump speed adjustment factor, only the metering pump stroke frequency adjustment is performed, and vice versa. This helps to avoid parameter coupling interference that may occur when the two adjustment methods are used at the same time, reduces the mechanical loss and energy consumption of the extraction equipment, achieves the target performance with a smaller adjustment range, and improves the adjustment response speed and stability.

[0014] 5. Due to prolonged high-load operation, the overall vibration acceleration of the metering pump may increase, causing the speed sensor to fail to output a stable and regular pulse signal. This ultimately leads to distortion when controlling the metering pump speed using the PLC. A single adjustment dimension, such as the stroke frequency or speed adjustment range, cannot cover the performance deviation range. Therefore, during metering pump performance monitoring, it is necessary to simultaneously adjust both the stroke frequency and pump speed. This dual-dimensional synergistic adjustment creates a complementary effect, overcoming the performance bottleneck of single adjustment, and quickly restoring the metering pump's flow accuracy and operational stability to the target range. This avoids deviations in reagent addition or material delivery interruptions due to insufficient adjustment, ensuring the uniformity of the reaction system and the stability of the target component extraction rate during persimmon leaf fruit acid extraction. Attached Figure Description

[0015] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention, the accompanying drawings used in the description of the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the accompanying drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0016] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the PLC-based automated control system for the extraction and separation of persimmon fruit acids, provided in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0017] Figure 2 This is an overview diagram of Embodiment 1 of the PLC-based automated control system for the extraction and separation of persimmon fruit acids, provided in this invention.

[0018] Figure 3 This is an overview diagram of the temperature-extraction optimization of the PLC-based automated control system for the extraction and separation of persimmon fruit acids provided in this embodiment of the invention;

[0019] Figure 4 This is an overview diagram of Embodiment 2 of the PLC-based automated control system for the extraction and separation of persimmon leaf fruit acids provided in this invention. Detailed Implementation

[0020] The technical solution of the present invention will now be described with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0021] In embodiments of the present invention, words such as "exemplarily," "for example," etc., are used to indicate that something is an example, illustration, or description. Any embodiment or design described as "exemplary" in the present invention should not be construed as being more preferred or advantageous than other embodiments or designs. Specifically, the use of the word "exemplary" is intended to present the concept in a concrete manner. Furthermore, in embodiments of the present invention, the meaning expressed by "and / or" can be both, or either one.

[0022] In the embodiments of this invention, the terms "image" and "picture" may sometimes be used interchangeably. It should be noted that, without emphasizing the distinction between them, their intended meanings are consistent. Similarly, the terms "of," "corresponding (relevant)," and "corresponding" may sometimes be used interchangeably. It should be noted that, without emphasizing the distinction between them, their intended meanings are consistent.

[0023] To make the technical problems, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention clearer, a detailed description will be given below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0024] Example 1: This embodiment of the invention provides a PLC-based automated control system for the extraction and separation of fruit acids from persimmon leaves. For example... Figure 1 The schematic diagram of the PLC-based automated control system for persimmon leaf fruit acid extraction and separation includes: an extraction tank status assessment module, a metering pump performance optimization judgment module, and a persimmon leaf fruit acid extraction control optimization judgment module.

[0025] The extraction tank status assessment module is used to determine the abnormal status of the extraction tank during the extraction and separation of persimmon leaf fruit acid. It generates a judgment result to determine whether to conduct metering pump performance monitoring to assess the performance of the metering pump, and transmits the judgment result to the metering pump performance optimization judgment module. This helps to eliminate the interference of problems with the extraction tank itself (such as abnormal pressure inside the tank) on subsequent processes from the source, and makes the location of abnormal problems more accurate.

[0026] The metering pump performance optimization judgment module is used to send a normal extraction prompt to the extraction tank if the received judgment result is no metering pump performance monitoring is performed. Otherwise, after the metering pump performance monitoring is qualified, metering pump feedback monitoring is performed to measure the metering pump feedback lag. The metering pump feedback monitoring result is transmitted to the persimmon leaf fruit acid extraction control optimization judgment module. This helps to ensure that the metering pump not only meets the basic performance (such as flow stability, vibration amplitude, etc.) standards, but also that its dynamic response characteristics (feedback lag) are at a reasonable level, providing a double guarantee for the stability of the persimmon leaf fruit acid extraction process.

[0027] The persimmon leaf fruit acid extraction control optimization judgment module is used to determine whether to perform persimmon leaf fruit acid extraction control optimization based on the feedback monitoring results of the metering pump. By extending the heating time to ensure sufficient reaction or adjusting the stirring speed to avoid local concentration imbalance, it helps to achieve stable and controllable key indicators such as persimmon leaf fruit acid extraction rate and purity. Persimmon leaf fruit acid extraction control optimization means reducing the impact of metering pump feedback lag on the persimmon leaf fruit acid extraction effect by dynamically controlling the heating time and stirring speed.

[0028] Prior to the design of the PLC-based automated control system for the extraction and separation of persimmon leaf fruit acid provided in this application, a database was established to store various setting data. The database includes, but is not limited to, preset abnormal flow characteristics of the extraction tank, preset maximum metering pump operation interference index, preset pump stop receiving time, etc., and the various values ​​are directly set by technical personnel.

[0029] like Figure 2 The diagram shown is an overview of Embodiment 1 of the PLC-based automated control system for the extraction and separation of persimmon fruit acids according to this application. Figure 2 It can be seen that: when the monitored abnormal flow rate of the extraction tank is not greater than the preset abnormal flow rate of the extraction tank, a normal extraction prompt is sent; otherwise, the judgment is based on the obtained metering pump performance response value. When the metering pump performance response value is greater than the preset metering pump performance response value, metering pump performance monitoring is performed; otherwise, metering pump feedback monitoring is performed. When the metering pump stroke frequency adjustment factor obtained through metering pump performance monitoring is greater than the pump speed adjustment factor, only metering pump stroke frequency adjustment is performed; otherwise, only pump speed adjustment is performed. After the metering pump performance monitoring is qualified, metering pump feedback monitoring continues. When the pump stop deviation value obtained through metering pump feedback monitoring is not greater than 0, a qualified persimmon leaf fruit acid extraction prompt is sent; otherwise, persimmon leaf fruit acid extraction control optimization is performed. If the temperature feedback control factor is greater than the stirring feedback control factor, only temperature-extraction optimization is performed; if the temperature feedback control factor is less than the stirring feedback control factor, only stirring-extraction optimization is performed; if the temperature feedback control factor is equal to the stirring feedback control factor, both temperature-extraction optimization and stirring-extraction optimization are performed simultaneously.

[0030] In this embodiment, the extraction tank status assessment module, the metering pump performance optimization judgment module, and the persimmon leaf fruit acid extraction control optimization judgment module are interconnected. The extraction tank status assessment module first eliminates the interference of the extraction tank itself on the extraction process by abnormalities, ensuring the targeted nature of subsequent metering pump monitoring. The metering pump performance optimization judgment module accurately assesses the performance qualification and feedback lag characteristics of the metering pump. Based on the feedback lag data of the metering pump, the persimmon leaf fruit acid extraction control optimization judgment module dynamically adjusts process parameters such as heating and stirring, ultimately realizing the intelligent, stable, and efficient extraction process of persimmon leaf fruit acid, providing full-process technical support for high-quality fruit acid extraction.

[0031] Furthermore, the specific process for judging the abnormal status of the extraction tank is as follows: First, a judgment is made based on the abnormal flow rate characterization value of the extraction tank, which reflects the abnormal status of the extraction tank within a specified monitoring period. If the abnormal flow rate characterization value is greater than the preset abnormal flow rate characterization value, proceed to the second step; otherwise, a normal extraction prompt is sent. The preset abnormal flow rate characterization value is represented by the average value of abnormal flow rate characterization values ​​over historical time periods. The maximum and minimum pump flow rates in the preset outlet area of ​​the metering pump within the extraction tank are monitored using an electromagnetic flowmeter, and the difference is used as the abnormal flow rate characterization value to reflect the abnormal status of the extraction tank. The fluctuation of the flow rate delivered by the metering pump during the operation of the extraction tank is analyzed. The difference between the maximum and minimum pump flow rates directly quantifies the dynamic range of the pump flow rate within the monitoring period. A larger difference indicates more drastic flow fluctuations, while a smaller difference indicates more stable flow. The second step involves weighting the results of the extraction tank state values ​​(using an extraction tank state harmonization factor) to reflect the impact of unqualified extraction conditions on the metering pump performance (an anomaly-extraction tank state characterization value). This is combined with the results of weighting the maximum discharge pressure and the preset maximum discharge pressure using a pump resistance interference harmonization factor, and then further weighting the results to reflect... The pump resistance interference value of the metering pump is harmonicly averaged to obtain the metering pump performance reflection value, which reflects the stability of the solvent pumped into the extraction tank by the metering pump. The preset maximum discharge pressure is represented by the average of the maximum discharge pressure over a historical period. The correlation between the abnormal extraction tank state characterization value and the pump resistance interference value helps to comprehensively quantify the metering pump performance. For example, a larger pump resistance interference value means stronger interference from pipeline resistance, medium viscosity, etc., during the operation of the metering pump, which may lead to a decrease in the stability of the metering pump's output flow rate, thus amplifying the impact of pump resistance on metering pump performance and exacerbating performance degradation or operational problems. Risk of imbalance; judgment based on the acquired metering pump performance response value: if the metering pump performance response value is greater than the preset metering pump performance response value, metering pump performance monitoring is performed; otherwise, metering pump feedback monitoring is performed. The preset metering pump performance response value is represented by the average value of metering pump performance response values ​​over a historical time period. The unqualified extraction tank status value is the extraction tank flow abnormality characterization value that is greater than the preset extraction tank flow abnormality characterization value. The maximum discharge pressure is the maximum pressure monitored at the metering pump discharge end during a specified status monitoring time period by a pressure sensor. The specified status monitoring time period is the preset time period corresponding to the extraction tank status abnormality judgment.

[0032] It should be further explained that, in the embodiments of this application, several sets of mapping tables and mapping sets pre-constructed by designated personnel are retrieved from the database. These include mapping sets for extraction tank status, pump performance adjustment intensity, stroke frequency adjustment ratio, pump speed adjustment ratio, feedback delay impact, temperature-extraction optimization, and stirring-extraction optimization. The mapping relationships are dynamic, supporting both one-to-one correspondence between single and single parameters, and many-to-one correspondence between multiple and single parameters. For example, by collecting feature data from historical time periods collected by designated personnel, such as the status values ​​of unqualified extraction tanks and the maximum discharge rate during historical time periods... The combinations of outlet pressure, metering pump performance response value, metering pump performance response value and metering pump stroke count, metering pump performance response value and pump outlet pressure, temperature feedback interference index and stirring feedback interference index, temperature feedback interference index and persimmon leaf fruit acid extraction deviation, and stirring feedback interference index and persimmon leaf fruit acid extraction deviation are respectively input into a machine learning model based on feature importance, such as a decision tree model. The corresponding weights are obtained through feature splitting, namely extraction tank state harmonization factor, pump resistance interference harmonization factor, etc. The feature data and corresponding weights are matched to obtain a mapping table and mapping set.

[0033] Specifically, the extraction tank state harmonization factor and pump resistance interference harmonization factor provided in this embodiment are determined based on the proportion of the corresponding unqualified extraction tank state value and maximum discharge pressure. They are used to reflect the degree of influence of the unqualified extraction tank state value and maximum discharge pressure on the abnormal extraction tank state characterization value and the metering pump performance reflection value, respectively. A one-to-one or many-to-one mapping relationship can be established between the unqualified extraction tank state value and maximum discharge pressure and the corresponding extraction tank state harmonization factor and pump resistance interference harmonization factor. By inputting the unqualified extraction tank state value and maximum discharge pressure collected in real time into the corresponding extraction tank state mapping set, the corresponding extraction tank state harmonization factor and pump resistance interference harmonization factor are output according to the preset mapping relationship, and the value range is limited to the interval between 0 and 1.

[0034] In this embodiment, when the abnormal extraction tank flow rate characterization value is greater than the preset abnormal extraction tank flow rate characterization value, the abnormal-extraction tank state characterization value and the pump resistance interference value are harmonicly averaged to obtain the metering pump performance reflection value. This helps to more accurately quantify the actual performance status of the metering pump under complex operating conditions of abnormal extraction tank flow rate. By performing metering pump performance monitoring when the metering pump performance reflection value is greater than the preset metering pump performance reflection value, and vice versa, it helps to take targeted monitoring measures according to different performance states of the metering pump, thereby improving the targeting and efficiency of monitoring.

[0035] Furthermore, the specific process for monitoring the performance of the metering pump is as follows: The performance feedback value of the metering pump is input into the pump performance adjustment force mapping table to extract the pump performance adjustment force value; a comparison is made based on the extracted pump performance adjustment force value: if the metering pump stroke frequency adjustment factor is greater than the pump speed adjustment factor, then only the metering pump stroke frequency adjustment is performed; otherwise, only the pump speed adjustment is performed; the pump performance adjustment force value includes both the metering pump stroke frequency adjustment factor and the pump speed adjustment factor; the metering pump stroke frequency adjustment factor reflects the degree of influence of the metering pump stroke frequency on the metering pump flow stability; the pump speed adjustment factor reflects the degree of influence of the metering pump speed on the metering pump flow stability.

[0036] Specifically, the metering pump stroke frequency adjustment factor and pump speed adjustment factor provided in this embodiment are determined based on the proportion of the influence of the pump stroke frequency on the stability of the metering pump flow rate and the pump speed on the stability of the metering pump flow rate, respectively. A one-to-one or many-to-one mapping relationship can be established between the metering pump performance response value and the corresponding metering pump stroke frequency adjustment factor and pump speed adjustment factor. By inputting the metering pump performance response value collected in real time into the corresponding pump performance adjustment strength mapping table, the corresponding metering pump stroke frequency adjustment factor and pump speed adjustment factor are output according to the preset mapping relationship, and the value range is limited to the 0-1 interval.

[0037] In this embodiment, by inputting the metering pump performance feedback value into the pump performance adjustment force mapping table to extract the pump performance adjustment force value, it is helpful to achieve quantitative matching and precise control of the metering pump performance adjustment force, avoiding performance fluctuations or adjustment failures caused by improper adjustment force. By performing only metering pump stroke frequency adjustment when the metering pump stroke frequency adjustment factor is greater than the pump speed adjustment factor, and vice versa, it is helpful to achieve targeted adjustment based on adjustment factor priority, reduce redundant adjustment actions, and improve the efficiency and stability of metering pump performance adjustment.

[0038] Furthermore, the specific process of metering pump stroke frequency adjustment is as follows: Step 1, input the metering pump performance response value and the number of metering pump strokes monitored by the counter into the stroke frequency adjustment ratio reading table to obtain the metering pump stroke frequency adjustment ratio; Step 2, within the preset metering pump stroke frequency adjustment range, use the amplitude corresponding to the metering pump stroke frequency adjustment ratio as the adjustment step size to gradually increase the metering pump stroke frequency. The preset metering pump stroke frequency adjustment range is pre-set by a designated person and includes the upper and lower limits of the range; Step 3, after the metering pump stroke frequency adjustment is completed, re-obtain the metering pump performance response value for the next specified state monitoring time period. If the metering pump performance response value is still greater than the preset metering pump performance response value, send a stroke frequency adjustment abnormality alarm; otherwise, perform metering pump feedback monitoring. By adjusting the metering pump stroke frequency, the matching relationship between the solvent pumping volume and the pump stop time is ensured to be accurate, reducing the control lag of PLC and PID algorithms in controlling the heating and stirring processes, thereby improving the accuracy of the automated control data for persimmon leaf fruit acid extraction and separation. Simultaneously, by monitoring and judging the effect of the metering pump stroke frequency adjustment, timely feedback of abnormal or normal states is provided to ensure the stability of the extraction process.

[0039] Specifically, the pump speed adjustment process is as follows: The metering pump performance feedback value and the pump outlet pressure monitored by the pressure sensor are input into the pump speed adjustment ratio reading table to obtain the pump speed adjustment ratio; within the preset metering pump speed adjustment range, the pump speed is gradually increased step by step, using the amplitude corresponding to the pump speed adjustment ratio as the adjustment step size. The preset metering pump speed adjustment range is pre-set by a designated person and includes the upper and lower limits of the range; after the pump speed adjustment is completed, the metering pump performance feedback value for the next specified monitoring period is re-acquired. If the metering pump performance feedback value is still greater than the preset metering pump performance feedback value, a pump speed adjustment abnormality alarm is sent; otherwise, metering pump feedback monitoring is performed. Pump speed adjustment helps to remove residual air bubbles and reduce the occupation of the pump cavity volume by residual solvent, thereby compensating for displacement loss, restoring the flow stability of the metering pump, ensuring accurate matching between solvent pumping volume and pump stop time, reducing control lag of PLC and PID algorithms in the heating and stirring process, and improving the accuracy of automated control data for persimmon leaf fruit acid extraction and separation; simultaneously, monitoring the pump speed adjustment effect ensures the stability of the extraction process.

[0040] It should be added that the combination of metering pump performance response value and metering pump stroke count, as well as the combination of metering pump performance response value and pump outlet pressure provided in this embodiment, establish a one-to-one or many-to-one mapping relationship with the corresponding metering pump stroke frequency adjustment ratio and pump speed adjustment ratio. By inputting the real-time collected combination of metering pump performance response value and metering pump stroke count, as well as the combination of metering pump performance response value and pump outlet pressure, into the corresponding stroke frequency adjustment ratio reading table and pump speed adjustment ratio reading table, the corresponding metering pump stroke frequency adjustment ratio and pump speed adjustment ratio are output according to the preset mapping relationship, and the value range is limited to the 0-1 interval.

[0041] In this embodiment, by inputting the metering pump performance feedback value and the number of metering pump strokes into the stroke frequency adjustment ratio reading table, the metering pump stroke frequency adjustment ratio is obtained. This helps to achieve linkage matching based on the current performance state of the metering pump and the actual number of strokes, accurately determine the stroke frequency adjustment ratio, and provide a quantitative basis for subsequent adjustments that fits the actual working conditions. By using the amplitude corresponding to the metering pump stroke frequency adjustment ratio as the adjustment step size, the metering pump stroke frequency is gradually increased, which can reduce pressure shocks and help achieve the smoothness and gradualness of stroke frequency adjustment. This avoids sudden changes or shocks in flow rate caused by over-adjustment, and ensures the stability of the metering pump output. By inputting the metering pump performance feedback value and pump outlet pressure into the pump speed adjustment ratio reading table to obtain the pump speed adjustment ratio, it is helpful to achieve a synergistic correlation between the metering pump performance status and outlet pressure, accurately determine the speed adjustment ratio, and make the adjustment more in line with the system pressure conditions and pump performance requirements. By using the amplitude corresponding to the pump speed adjustment ratio as the adjustment step size, the pump speed of the metering pump is gradually increased. The increased speed makes the mechanical components more uniformly stressed, reduces fatigue damage, and helps to achieve controllability and gradualness of pump speed adjustment. This prevents fluctuations in pipeline pressure and medium delivery efficiency caused by sudden speed changes, and ensures a smooth transition of the metering pump's operating state.

[0042] Furthermore, the specific process of metering pump feedback monitoring is as follows: Based on the acquired pump stop deviation value, a judgment is made: if the acquired pump stop deviation value is greater than 0, persimmon leaf fruit acid extraction control optimization is performed; otherwise, a persimmon leaf fruit acid extraction qualified prompt is sent; the duration of the PLC receiving the pump stop command during the specified alarm time period monitored by the timer is used as the pump stop deviation value, reflecting the metering pump feedback lag; the specified alarm time period represents the preset time period corresponding to the metering pump feedback monitoring; the specific process of persimmon leaf fruit acid extraction control optimization is as follows: the unqualified pump stop deviation value and the temperature used to reflect the temperature sensor feedback lag are compared... The feedback delay deviation is harmonicly averaged to obtain the temperature feedback interference index. The degree of lag in the temperature sensor's response to control commands is quantified by combining the unqualified pump stop deviation value and the temperature feedback delay deviation. These two values ​​influence each other; for example, a larger unqualified pump stop deviation value indicates a greater potential temperature fluctuation due to unqualified pump stop, leading to stronger interference with the temperature sensor's feedback control commands. The unqualified pump stop deviation value and the stirring feedback delay deviation (which reflects the lag in the stirring device's feedback) are harmonicly averaged to obtain the stirring feedback interference index. The degree of lag in the temperature sensor's response to control commands is quantified by combining the unqualified pump stop deviation value and the temperature feedback delay deviation. The value and the stirring feedback delay deviation together quantify the degree of lag in the response of the stirring device to control commands. The unqualified pump stop deviation value and the stirring feedback delay deviation have an interdependent effect. For example, a larger unqualified pump stop deviation value means more severe fluctuations in the stirring operation caused by the unqualified pump stop, resulting in stronger interference with the stirring device's feedback control commands. An unqualified pump stop deviation value is defined as a pump stop deviation value greater than 0. When the total duration of the temperature control command feedback from the temperature sensor is detected within a specified extraction time period monitored by the timer exceeds the preset total temperature feedback duration, the corresponding total duration of the temperature control command feedback is compared with the preset total temperature feedback duration. The difference, as the temperature feedback delay deviation, reflects the degree of lag in the temperature sensor's response to control commands. The preset total temperature feedback duration is represented by the average of the total durations of temperature control commands over historical time periods. The difference between the total duration of the feedback stirring control commands detected by the timer within a specified extraction time period, where the total duration exceeds the preset total stirring feedback duration, and the difference between this and the preset total stirring feedback duration, is used as the stirring feedback delay deviation, reflecting the degree of lag in the stirring device's response to control commands. The specified extraction time period represents the preset time period corresponding to the optimization of persimmon leaf fruit acid extraction control.

[0043] It should be added that the temperature feedback interference index and the stirring feedback interference index are input into the feedback delay impact mapping table to extract the feedback delay control factor; the feedback delay control factor includes the temperature feedback control factor and the stirring feedback control factor, which are used to measure the degree of influence of the metering pump feedback lag on the temperature sensor feedback delay and the stirring device feedback delay, respectively.

[0044] Specifically, the feedback delay control factor provided in this embodiment is determined based on the proportion of the influence of the corresponding metering pump feedback lag on the temperature sensor feedback delay and the stirring device feedback delay. A one-to-one or many-to-one mapping relationship can be established between the temperature feedback interference index and the stirring feedback interference index and the corresponding feedback delay control factor. By inputting the real-time collected temperature feedback interference index and stirring feedback interference index into the corresponding feedback delay influence mapping table, the corresponding feedback delay control factor is output according to the preset mapping relationship, and the value range is limited to the 0-1 interval.

[0045] The optimization of persimmon leaf fruit acid extraction control also includes feedback delay determination, the specific process of which is as follows: If the temperature feedback control factor is greater than the stirring feedback control factor, only temperature-extraction optimization is performed. Temperature-extraction optimization means reducing the impact of temperature control stability interference on the extraction effect of persimmon leaf fruit acid by adjusting the heating time within a specified extraction period in real time; if the temperature feedback control factor is less than the stirring feedback control factor, only stirring-extraction optimization is performed. Stirring-extraction optimization means reducing the impact of stirring interference on the extraction effect of persimmon leaf fruit acid by adjusting the stirring speed within a specified extraction period in real time; if the temperature feedback control factor is equal to the stirring feedback control factor, both temperature-extraction optimization and stirring-extraction optimization are performed simultaneously; if the temperature feedback control factor is greater than the stirring feedback control factor, only temperature-extraction optimization is performed. Extraction optimization helps to prioritize the control of key influences from temperature feedback, strengthen the dominant optimization of temperature parameters on extraction efficiency, and improve the accuracy of temperature control during extraction. By performing only stirring-extraction optimization when the temperature feedback control factor is less than the stirring feedback control factor, it helps to focus on the core role of stirring feedback, strengthen the key influence of stirring uniformity on extraction efficiency, and ensure the stability of material mixing during extraction. By performing both temperature-extraction optimization and stirring-extraction optimization simultaneously when the temperature feedback control factor is equal to the stirring feedback control factor, it helps to achieve synergistic control of the two key influencing factors of temperature and stirring, avoid parameter imbalance caused by single optimization, and fully leverage the synergistic effect of both on the extraction process, thereby improving the comprehensiveness and stability of the extraction effect.

[0046] In this embodiment, by extracting the feedback delay control factor after obtaining the temperature feedback interference index and the stirring feedback interference index, it is helpful to comprehensively quantify the delay interference characteristics of temperature feedback and stirring feedback. By determining whether to perform temperature-extraction optimization or stirring-extraction optimization based on the obtained feedback delay control factor, it is helpful to achieve accurate matching of optimization strategies (temperature-extraction optimization or stirring-extraction optimization) based on the comprehensive evaluation of feedback delay, avoid waste of control resources, and improve the overall control efficiency and targeting of the extraction process.

[0047] Furthermore, the specific process of temperature-extraction optimization is as follows: The temperature feedback delay deviation interference value, which reflects the lag in temperature sensor feedback, and the persimmon leaf fruit acid extraction deviation interference value, which reflects the extraction status of persimmon leaf fruit acid, are harmonicly averaged to obtain the temperature-persimmon leaf fruit acid extraction interference index. Through comprehensive analysis of the temperature feedback delay deviation interference value and the persimmon leaf fruit acid extraction deviation interference value, the influence of temperature feedback on the persimmon leaf fruit acid extraction effect is quantified. A larger temperature feedback delay deviation interference value indicates a more significant lag in the temperature feedback response to control commands, which may lead to… The effect of temperature feedback lag on the extraction effect of persimmon leaf fruit acid is enhanced; the temperature feedback delay deviation interference value is obtained by weighting the temperature feedback interference index with a temperature feedback delay deviation adjustment factor; the persimmon leaf fruit acid extraction deviation interference value is obtained by weighting the persimmon leaf fruit acid extraction deviation amount with a persimmon leaf fruit acid extraction adjustment factor; the total amount of persimmon leaf fruit acid obtained by final drying (i.e., the weight of persimmon leaf fruit acid) when the preset total amount of persimmon leaf fruit acid is greater than the total amount of persimmon leaf fruit acid within a specified extraction time period is monitored by an electronic balance. The difference between the preset total amount of persimmon leaf fruit acid and the total amount of persimmon leaf fruit acid is taken as the persimmon leaf fruit acid extraction result. Leaf fruit acid extraction deviation; based on the temperature-persimmon leaf fruit acid extraction interference index: determine whether the temperature-persimmon leaf fruit acid extraction interference index is greater than the preset maximum temperature-extraction interference index. If the temperature-persimmon leaf fruit acid extraction interference index is greater than the preset maximum temperature-extraction interference index, send a maintenance feedback prompt to the preset personnel; otherwise, input the temperature-persimmon leaf fruit acid extraction interference index and solvent usage into the temperature-persimmon leaf fruit acid extraction mapping table to read the heating time adjustment signal. The preset maximum temperature-extraction interference index is obtained by averaging the temperature-persimmon leaf fruit acid extraction interference index over a historical time period. The value indicates that the heating time adjustment signal is fed back to the PLC, and the PLC outputs the heating time control command to the heating device to perform heating for the corresponding heating time. After the temperature-extraction optimization is completed, the temperature-persimmon leaf fruit acid extraction interference index for the next specified extraction time period is re-acquired. If the temperature-persimmon leaf fruit acid extraction interference index is within the preset temperature-persimmon leaf fruit acid extraction interference range, a temperature-extraction optimization qualified prompt is sent; otherwise, a temperature-extraction optimization alarm is sent. The preset temperature-persimmon leaf fruit acid extraction interference range is set in advance by preset personnel and includes the endpoints of the upper and lower limits of the range.

[0048] like Figure 3 The diagram shown is an overview of the temperature-extraction optimization of the PLC-based automated control system for persimmon leaf fruit acid extraction and separation provided in this application embodiment. Figure 3It can be seen that when the monitored temperature-persimmon leaf fruit acid extraction interference index is greater than the preset maximum temperature-extraction interference index, a maintenance feedback prompt is sent to the preset personnel; otherwise, the temperature-persimmon leaf fruit acid extraction interference index and solvent usage are input into the temperature-persimmon leaf fruit acid extraction mapping table to read the heating time adjustment signal, and the heating time adjustment signal is fed back to the PLC. The PLC outputs the heating time control command to the heating device, and heating is performed with the corresponding heating time.

[0049] It should be added that the specific process of stirring-extraction optimization is as follows: The stirring feedback delay deviation interference value and the persimmon leaf fruit acid extraction deviation interference value, which reflect the feedback lag of the stirring device, are harmonicly averaged to obtain the stirring-persimmon leaf fruit acid extraction interference index; through comprehensive analysis of the stirring feedback delay deviation interference value and the persimmon leaf fruit acid extraction deviation interference value, the influence of stirring feedback on the persimmon leaf fruit acid extraction effect is quantified. A larger stirring feedback delay deviation interference value means a more significant lag in the response of stirring feedback to control commands, which may lead to a stronger interference effect of stirring feedback lag on the persimmon leaf fruit acid extraction effect; the stirring feedback delay deviation interference value is obtained by weighting the stirring feedback interference index using a stirring feedback delay deviation adjustment factor; based on the stirring-persimmon leaf fruit acid extraction interference index, a judgment is made: if the stirring-persimmon leaf fruit acid extraction interference index is greater than the preset maximum stirring-extraction interference index, a detection signal is sent. The system provides feedback to designated personnel. Conversely, it inputs the stirring-persimmon leaf fruit acid extraction interference index and the intensity of scattered light from the clarified filtrate of the extract into the stirring-persimmon leaf fruit acid extraction mapping table to read the stirring speed adjustment signal. The preset maximum stirring-extraction interference index is represented by the average value of the stirring-persimmon leaf fruit acid extraction interference index over a historical time period. The stirring speed adjustment signal is fed back to the PLC, which outputs a stirring speed control command to the stirring device to perform stirring at the corresponding speed. After the stirring-extraction optimization is completed, the stirring-persimmon leaf fruit acid extraction interference index for the next specified extraction time period is re-acquired. If the stirring-persimmon leaf fruit acid extraction interference index is within the preset stirring-persimmon leaf fruit acid extraction interference range, a stirring-extraction optimization qualified prompt is sent; otherwise, a stirring-extraction optimization alarm is sent. The preset stirring-persimmon leaf fruit acid extraction interference range is pre-set by designated personnel and includes the endpoints of the upper and lower limits of the range.

[0050] In this embodiment, the metering pump temperature feedback delay deviation adjustment factor and the persimmon leaf fruit acid extraction adjustment factor are determined based on the proportion of their corresponding temperature feedback interference index and persimmon leaf fruit acid extraction deviation. These factors reflect the degree of influence of the temperature feedback interference index and the persimmon leaf fruit acid extraction deviation on the temperature feedback delay deviation interference value and the persimmon leaf fruit acid extraction deviation interference value, respectively. A one-to-one or many-to-one mapping relationship can be established between the temperature feedback interference index and the persimmon leaf fruit acid extraction deviation and the corresponding metering pump temperature feedback delay deviation adjustment factor and persimmon leaf fruit acid extraction adjustment factor. By inputting the real-time collected temperature feedback interference index and persimmon leaf fruit acid extraction deviation into the corresponding temperature-extraction optimization mapping set, the corresponding metering pump temperature feedback delay deviation adjustment factor and persimmon leaf fruit acid extraction adjustment factor are output according to the pre-set mapping relationship, and the value range is limited to the 0-1 interval.

[0051] The stirring feedback delay deviation adjustment factor and persimmon leaf fruit acid extraction adjustment factor provided in this embodiment are determined based on the proportion of their corresponding stirring feedback interference index and persimmon leaf fruit acid extraction deviation. They are used to reflect the degree of influence of the stirring feedback interference index and persimmon leaf fruit acid extraction deviation on the stirring feedback delay deviation interference value and the persimmon leaf fruit acid extraction deviation interference value, respectively. A one-to-one or many-to-one mapping relationship can be established between the stirring feedback interference index and persimmon leaf fruit acid extraction deviation and the corresponding stirring feedback delay deviation adjustment factor and persimmon leaf fruit acid extraction adjustment factor. By inputting the stirring feedback interference index and persimmon leaf fruit acid extraction deviation collected in real time into the corresponding stirring-extraction optimization mapping set, the corresponding stirring feedback delay deviation adjustment factor and persimmon leaf fruit acid extraction adjustment factor are output according to the preset mapping relationship, and the value range is limited to the interval between 0 and 1.

[0052] In this embodiment, adjusting the heating time based on the provided heating time adjustment signal helps to accurately match the temperature requirements for persimmon leaf fruit acid extraction and optimize the extraction environment. Adjusting the stirring speed using the provided stirring speed adjustment signal helps to accurately ensure the mixing uniformity of persimmon leaf fruit acid extraction and improve extraction efficiency. By controlling the temperature-persimmon leaf fruit acid extraction interference index within the preset temperature-persimmon leaf fruit acid extraction interference range and the stirring-persimmon leaf fruit acid extraction interference index within the preset stirring-persimmon leaf fruit acid extraction interference range, it helps to effectively suppress the interference of temperature and stirring feedback on persimmon leaf fruit acid extraction and ensure the stability and consistency of the extraction effect. By sending maintenance feedback prompts to preset personnel when the temperature-persimmon leaf fruit acid extraction interference index is greater than the preset maximum temperature-extraction interference index and when the stirring-persimmon leaf fruit acid extraction interference index is greater than the preset maximum stirring-extraction interference index, it helps to promptly identify and handle abnormal factors affecting persimmon leaf fruit acid extraction and ensure the continuity and stability of the extraction process.

[0053] Example 2: Based on Example 1, after the metering pump has been operating at high load for a long period, a judgment result is generated to determine whether to perform metering pump performance monitoring to assess the metering pump's performance. The specific process is as follows: The maximum value of the vibration amplitude monitored by the vibration monitoring instrument at a preset position of the metering pump is used as the metering pump operation interference index, which reflects the metering pump's operational compliance. When the metering pump operation interference index is greater than the preset maximum metering pump operation interference index, the corresponding judgment result is recorded as performing metering pump performance monitoring; otherwise, the corresponding judgment result is recorded as performing metering pump feedback monitoring. The preset maximum metering pump operation interference index is represented by the average value of the metering pump operation interference index over a historical time period. Metering pump performance monitoring means simultaneously performing metering pump stroke frequency adjustment and pump speed adjustment to reduce the interference of unqualified metering pump operation on metering pump performance. Metering pump stroke frequency adjustment means improving the metering pump flow stability by adjusting the metering pump stroke frequency step by step to compensate for displacement loss. Pump speed adjustment is used to enhance the metering pump's suction power and discharge capacity.

[0054] like Figure 4 The diagram shown is a general overview of Embodiment 2 of the PLC-based automated control system for the extraction and separation of persimmon fruit acids, provided in this application. Figure 4 It can be seen that: when the monitored abnormal flow rate of the extraction tank is not greater than the preset abnormal flow rate of the extraction tank, a normal extraction prompt is sent; otherwise, the judgment is based on the obtained metering pump performance response value. When the metering pump performance response value is greater than the preset metering pump performance response value, metering pump performance monitoring is performed; otherwise, metering pump feedback monitoring is performed. When the metering pump operation interference index obtained through metering pump performance monitoring is not greater than the preset maximum metering pump operation interference index, metering pump feedback monitoring continues; otherwise, metering pump stroke frequency adjustment and pump speed adjustment are performed simultaneously. When the pump stop deviation value obtained through metering pump feedback monitoring is not greater than 0, a persimmon leaf fruit acid extraction qualified prompt is sent; otherwise, persimmon leaf fruit acid extraction control optimization is performed. If the temperature feedback control factor is greater than the stirring feedback control factor, only temperature-extraction optimization is performed; if the temperature feedback control factor is less than the stirring feedback control factor, only stirring-extraction optimization is performed; if the temperature feedback control factor is equal to the stirring feedback control factor, both temperature-extraction optimization and stirring-extraction optimization are performed simultaneously.

[0055] In this embodiment, since the metering pump may experience an increase in overall vibration acceleration due to long-term high-load operation, the speed sensor may be unable to output a stable and regular pulse signal. When the metering pump operation interference index is greater than the preset maximum metering pump operation interference index, the metering pump stroke frequency adjustment and pump speed adjustment are performed simultaneously, which helps to achieve dual protection of the metering pump operation stability and metering accuracy.

[0056] Specifically, the increased vibration caused by long-term high-load operation can not only lead to signal disorder in the speed sensor, but also cause displacement fluctuations due to increased friction and changes in gaps between extraction components. By adjusting the stroke frequency of the metering pump and optimizing the stroke frequency step by step, the displacement loss caused by vibration can be specifically compensated. Meanwhile, adjusting the pump speed can alleviate problems such as cavitation in the suction line and pressure fluctuations in the discharge line caused by vibration by enhancing suction power and discharge capacity, and reducing further excitation of the vibration source. With the synergistic effect of the two, on the one hand, the interference of vibration on the metering pump can be reduced, allowing the speed sensor to obtain a stable pulse signal again, providing a data basis for metering accuracy. On the other hand, by dynamically balancing displacement and power output, overcompensation that may be caused by single adjustment (adjusting only the stroke frequency or only the speed) can be avoided (such as adjusting only the speed may aggravate vibration). Ultimately, the performance of the metering pump after long-term high-load operation is restored and the output is stabilized, which helps to improve the effectiveness of extraction and separation of persimmon leaf fruit acid.

[0057] In summary, this application embodiment, by judging the abnormal status of the extraction tank during the extraction and separation process of persimmon leaf fruit acid to determine whether to conduct metering pump performance monitoring to evaluate the metering pump performance, helps to achieve early anomaly tracing in the extraction process, avoids misjudging potential metering pump performance problems as extraction tank malfunctions, reduces unnecessary downtime for troubleshooting, and improves production continuity. If metering pump performance monitoring is not performed, a normal extraction prompt is sent from the extraction tank; conversely, after the metering pump performance monitoring is qualified, metering pump feedback monitoring is performed to measure the metering pump feedback lag. This helps to accurately capture the dynamic response characteristics of the metering pump in the solvent addition stage, based on the metering pump performance monitoring... The metering pump feedback monitoring results determine whether persimmon leaf fruit acid extraction control optimization is needed. By dynamically adjusting the heating time and stirring speed to reduce the impact of metering pump feedback lag on the persimmon leaf fruit acid extraction effect, persimmon leaf fruit acid extraction control optimization helps to achieve coordinated adaptation of material concentration, reaction temperature and metering pump delivery rhythm during the persimmon leaf fruit acid extraction process, improves the stability and purity of fruit acid extraction, reduces material waste and energy loss caused by control lag, and thus improves the accuracy of automated control data for persimmon leaf fruit acid extraction and separation, effectively solving the problem of low accuracy of automated control data for persimmon leaf fruit acid extraction and separation in existing technologies.

[0058] The above embodiments can be implemented, in whole or in part, by software, hardware (such as circuits), firmware, or any other combination thereof. When implemented using software, the above embodiments can be implemented, in whole or in part, as a computer program product. A computer program product includes one or more computer instructions or computer programs. When the computer instructions or computer programs are loaded or executed on a computer, all or part of the flow or function according to the embodiments of the present invention is generated. The computer can be a general-purpose computer, a special-purpose computer, a computer network, or other programmable device. Computer instructions can be stored in a computer-readable storage medium or transmitted from one computer-readable storage medium to another. For example, computer instructions can be transmitted from one website, computer, server, or data center to another website, computer, server, or data center via wired (e.g., infrared, wireless, microwave, etc.) means. A computer-readable storage medium can be any available medium that a computer can access or a data storage device such as a server or data center that includes one or more sets of available media. Available media can be magnetic media (e.g., floppy disks, hard disks, magnetic tapes), optical media (e.g., DVDs), or semiconductor media. Semiconductor media can be solid-state drives.

[0059] It should be understood that the term "and / or" in this article is merely a description of the relationship between related objects, indicating that three relationships can exist. For example, A and / or B can represent: A existing alone, A and B existing simultaneously, or B existing alone. A and B can be singular or plural. Additionally, the character " / " in this article generally indicates an "or" relationship between the preceding and following related objects, but it can also represent an "and / or" relationship. Please refer to the context for a more accurate understanding.

[0060] In this invention, "at least one" means one or more, and "more than one" means two or more. "At least one of the following" or similar expressions refer to any combination of these items, including any combination of a single item or a plurality of items. For example, at least one of a, b, or c can represent: a, b, c, ab, ac, bc, or abc, where a, b, and c can be a single item or multiple items.

[0061] It should be understood that, in various embodiments of the present invention, the order of the above-mentioned process numbers does not imply the order of execution. The execution order of each process should be determined by its function and internal logic, and should not constitute any limitation on the implementation process of the embodiments of the present invention.

[0062] Those skilled in the art will recognize that the units and algorithm steps of the various examples described in conjunction with the embodiments disclosed herein can be implemented in electronic hardware, or a combination of computer software and electronic hardware. Whether these functions are implemented in hardware or software depends on the specific application and design constraints of the technical solution. Those skilled in the art can use different methods to implement the described functions for each specific application, but such implementations should not be considered beyond the scope of this invention.

[0063] Those skilled in the art will clearly understand that, for the sake of convenience and brevity, the specific working processes of the devices, apparatuses, and units described above can be referred to the corresponding processes in the foregoing method embodiments, and will not be repeated here.

[0064] In the embodiments provided by this invention, it should be understood that the disclosed devices, apparatuses, and methods can be implemented in other ways. For example, the apparatus embodiments described above are merely illustrative; for instance, the division of units is only a logical functional division, and in actual implementation, there may be other division methods. For example, multiple units or components may be combined or integrated into another device, or some features may be ignored or not executed. Furthermore, the coupling or direct coupling or communication connection shown or discussed may be through some interfaces; the indirect coupling or communication connection between devices or units may be electrical, mechanical, or other forms.

[0065] The units described as separate components may or may not be physically separate. The components shown as units may or may not be physical units; that is, they may be located in one place or distributed across multiple network units. Some or all of the units can be selected to achieve the purpose of this embodiment according to actual needs.

[0066] In addition, the functional units in the various embodiments of the present invention can be integrated into one processing unit, or each unit can exist physically separately, or two or more units can be integrated into one unit.

[0067] If the functionality is implemented as a software functional unit and sold or used as an independent product, it can be stored in a computer-readable storage medium. Based on this understanding, the technical solution of this invention, or the part that contributes to the prior art, or a part of the technical solution, can be embodied in the form of a software product. This computer software product is stored in a storage medium and includes several instructions to cause a computer device (which may be a personal computer, server, or network device, etc.) to execute all or part of the steps of the methods of the various embodiments of this invention. The aforementioned storage medium includes various media capable of storing program code, such as USB flash drives, portable hard drives, read-only memory (ROM), random access memory (RAM), magnetic disks, or optical disks.

[0068] The above are merely specific embodiments of the present invention, but the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any variations or substitutions that can be easily conceived by those skilled in the art within the technical scope disclosed in the present invention should be included within the scope of protection of the present invention. Therefore, the scope of protection of the present invention should be determined by the scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A PLC-based automated control system for the extraction and separation of fruit acids from persimmon leaves, characterized in that, include: Extraction tank status assessment module, metering pump performance optimization judgment module, and persimmon leaf fruit acid extraction control optimization judgment module; The extraction tank status assessment module is used to judge the abnormal status of the extraction tank during the extraction and separation of persimmon leaf fruit acid, generate a judgment result to determine whether to perform metering pump performance monitoring to evaluate the metering pump performance, and transmit the judgment result to the metering pump performance optimization judgment module. The metering pump performance optimization judgment module is used to send a normal extraction prompt to the extraction tank if the received judgment result is that metering pump performance monitoring is not performed, and otherwise, after the metering pump performance monitoring is qualified, metering pump feedback monitoring is performed to measure the metering pump feedback lag, and the metering pump feedback monitoring result is transmitted to the persimmon leaf fruit acid extraction control optimization judgment module. The persimmon leaf fruit acid extraction control optimization judgment module is used to determine whether to perform persimmon leaf fruit acid extraction control optimization based on the metering pump feedback monitoring results. The persimmon leaf fruit acid extraction control optimization means reducing the impact of metering pump feedback lag on the persimmon leaf fruit acid extraction effect by dynamically controlling the heating time and stirring speed.

2. The automated control system for persimmon leaf fruit acid extraction and separation based on PLC according to claim 1, characterized in that, The specific process for determining the abnormal status of the extraction tank is as follows: The first step is to make a judgment based on the abnormal flow rate characterization value of the extraction tank, which reflects the abnormal situation of the extraction tank during the specified status monitoring period: If the abnormal flow rate indicator value of the extraction tank is greater than the preset abnormal flow rate indicator value of the extraction tank, proceed to the second step; otherwise, send a normal extraction prompt message. The second step involves weighting the unqualified extraction tank state values ​​using an extraction tank state harmonization factor to obtain an abnormal extraction tank state characterization value that reflects the impact of unqualified extraction tank state on metering pump performance. This value is then weighted again using a pump resistance interference harmonization factor to compare the maximum discharge pressure and the preset maximum discharge pressure. Finally, this value is harmonized and averaged with the pump resistance interference value, which reflects the metering pump resistance, to obtain a metering pump performance response value that reflects the stability of the solvent pumped into the extraction tank. If the metering pump performance response value is greater than the preset metering pump performance response value, metering pump performance monitoring is performed; otherwise, metering pump feedback monitoring is performed. The unqualified extraction tank status value refers to the extraction tank flow rate abnormality value that is greater than the preset extraction tank flow rate abnormality characterization value.

3. The automated control system for persimmon leaf fruit acid extraction and separation based on PLC according to claim 2, characterized in that, The specific process for generating the judgment result that determines whether to perform metering pump performance monitoring to assess the metering pump performance is as follows: The maximum value of the vibration amplitude monitored at the preset position of the metering pump is used as the metering pump operation interference index to reflect the qualified operation of the metering pump. When the metering pump operation interference index is detected to be greater than the preset maximum metering pump operation interference index, the corresponding judgment result is recorded as metering pump performance monitoring; otherwise, the corresponding judgment result is recorded as metering pump feedback monitoring. The metering pump performance monitoring refers to the simultaneous execution of metering pump stroke frequency adjustment and pump speed adjustment to reduce the interference of metering pump malfunctions on metering pump performance. The metering pump stroke frequency adjustment means improving the flow stability of the metering pump by adjusting the stroke frequency of the metering pump step by step to compensate for the displacement loss. The pump speed adjustment is used to enhance the suction power and discharge capacity of the metering pump.

4. The automated control system for persimmon leaf fruit acid extraction and separation based on PLC according to claim 2, characterized in that, The specific process for monitoring the performance of the metering pump is as follows: Input the metering pump performance feedback value into the pump performance adjustment force mapping table to extract the pump performance adjustment force value; If the metering pump stroke frequency adjustment factor is greater than the pump speed adjustment factor, only the metering pump stroke frequency adjustment is performed; otherwise, only the pump speed adjustment is performed. The pump performance adjustment value includes a metering pump stroke frequency adjustment factor and a pump speed adjustment factor. The metering pump stroke frequency adjustment factor is used to reflect the degree of influence of the metering pump stroke frequency on the flow stability of the metering pump. The pump speed adjustment factor is used to reflect the degree of influence of the metering pump speed on the stability of the metering pump flow rate.

5. The PLC-based automated control system for the extraction and separation of persimmon leaf fruit acids according to claim 3 or 4, characterized in that, The specific process for adjusting the stroke frequency of the metering pump is as follows: Step 1: Input the metering pump performance feedback value and the number of metering pump strokes into the stroke frequency adjustment ratio reading table to obtain the metering pump stroke frequency adjustment ratio. Step 2: Within the preset metering pump stroke frequency adjustment range, the metering pump stroke frequency is gradually increased by using the amplitude corresponding to the metering pump stroke frequency adjustment ratio as the adjustment step size. Step 3: After the metering pump stroke frequency adjustment is completed, the metering pump performance response value for the next specified state monitoring period is re-acquired. If the metering pump performance response value is still greater than the preset metering pump performance response value, a stroke frequency adjustment abnormality alarm is sent; otherwise, metering pump feedback monitoring is performed.

6. The PLC-based automated control system for the extraction and separation of persimmon leaf fruit acids according to claim 3 or 4, characterized in that, The specific process of adjusting the pump speed is as follows: Input the metering pump performance feedback value and pump outlet pressure into the pump speed adjustment ratio reading table to obtain the pump speed adjustment ratio; Within the preset metering pump speed adjustment range, the pump speed of the metering pump is gradually increased step by step, with the amplitude corresponding to the pump speed adjustment ratio as the adjustment step size. After the pump speed adjustment is completed, the metering pump performance response value for the next specified state monitoring period is reacquired. If the metering pump performance response value is still greater than the preset metering pump performance response value, a pump speed adjustment abnormality alarm is sent; otherwise, metering pump feedback monitoring is performed.

7. The PLC-based automated control system for the extraction and separation of persimmon leaf fruit acids according to claim 6, characterized in that, The specific process of the metering pump feedback monitoring is as follows: If the obtained pump stop deviation value is greater than 0, optimize the control of persimmon leaf fruit acid extraction; otherwise, send a persimmon leaf fruit acid extraction qualified prompt. The pump stop deviation value is represented by the difference between the duration of the pump stop command received by the PLC during the specified alarm period and the preset pump stop reception duration, and is used to reflect the feedback lag of the metering pump. The specific process for optimizing the extraction control of persimmon leaf fruit acid is as follows: The temperature feedback interference index is obtained by harmonic averaging the unqualified pump stop deviation value and the temperature feedback delay deviation, which is used to reflect the lag of temperature sensor feedback. The mixing feedback interference index is obtained by harmonizing and averaging the unqualified pump stop deviation value and the mixing feedback delay deviation, which is used to reflect the feedback lag of the mixing device. The unqualified pump stop deviation value refers to a pump stop deviation value greater than 0; The temperature feedback delay deviation represents the difference between the total duration of the temperature control command feedback and the preset total duration of temperature feedback when the total duration of the temperature control command feedback detected by the temperature sensor within a specified extraction time period is greater than the preset total duration of temperature feedback. The stirring feedback delay deviation represents the difference between the total duration of the stirring control command feedback and the preset total duration of stirring feedback when the total duration of the stirring control command feedback detected by the stirring device within a specified extraction time period is greater than the preset total duration of stirring feedback. Input the temperature feedback interference index and the stirring feedback interference index into the feedback delay effect mapping table to extract the feedback delay control factor; The feedback delay control factor includes a temperature feedback control factor and a stirring feedback control factor, which are used to measure the degree of influence of the metering pump feedback lag on the temperature sensor feedback delay and the stirring device feedback delay, respectively.

8. The PLC-based automated control system for the extraction and separation of persimmon leaf fruit acids according to claim 7, characterized in that, The optimization of persimmon leaf fruit acid extraction control also includes feedback delay determination, the specific process of which is as follows: If the temperature feedback control factor is greater than the stirring feedback control factor, only temperature-extraction optimization is performed. Temperature-extraction optimization means reducing the impact of temperature control stability interference on the extraction effect of persimmon leaf fruit acid by adjusting the heating time within a specified extraction time period in real time. If the temperature feedback control factor is less than the stirring feedback control factor, only stirring-extraction optimization is performed. The stirring-extraction optimization means reducing the impact of stirring interference on the extraction effect of persimmon leaf fruit acid by adjusting the stirring speed in real time within a specified extraction time period. If the temperature feedback control factor is equal to the stirring feedback control factor, then both temperature-extraction optimization and stirring-extraction optimization are performed simultaneously.

9. The PLC-based automated control system for the extraction and separation of persimmon leaf fruit acids according to claim 8, characterized in that, The specific process of temperature-extraction optimization is as follows: The temperature feedback delay deviation interference value, which reflects the feedback lag of the temperature sensor, and the persimmon leaf fruit acid extraction deviation interference value, which reflects the extraction status of persimmon leaf fruit acid, are harmonic averaged to obtain the temperature-persimmon leaf fruit acid extraction interference index. The temperature feedback delay deviation interference value is obtained by weighting the temperature feedback interference index using a temperature feedback delay deviation adjustment factor. Determine whether the temperature-persimmon leaf fruit acid extraction interference index is greater than the preset maximum temperature-extraction interference index. If the temperature-persimmon leaf fruit acid extraction interference index is greater than the preset maximum temperature-extraction interference index, send a maintenance feedback prompt to the preset personnel. Otherwise, input the temperature-persimmon leaf fruit acid extraction interference index and solvent usage into the temperature-persimmon leaf fruit acid extraction mapping table to read the heating time adjustment signal. The heating time adjustment signal is fed back to the PLC, and the PLC outputs the heating time control command to the heating device to heat for the corresponding heating time. After the temperature-extraction optimization is completed, the temperature-persimmon leaf fruit acid extraction interference index is re-acquired for the next specified extraction time period. If the temperature-persimmon leaf fruit acid extraction interference index is within the preset temperature-persimmon leaf fruit acid extraction interference range, a temperature-extraction optimization qualified prompt is sent; otherwise, a temperature-extraction optimization alarm is sent.

10. The PLC-based automated control system for the extraction and separation of persimmon leaf fruit acids according to claim 8, characterized in that, The specific process of the optimized stirring-extraction method is as follows: The stirring feedback delay deviation interference value and the persimmon leaf fruit acid extraction deviation interference value, which reflect the feedback lag of the stirring device, are harmonized and averaged to obtain the stirring-persimmon leaf fruit acid extraction interference index. If the stirring-persimmon leaf fruit acid extraction interference index is greater than the preset maximum stirring-extraction interference index, a maintenance feedback prompt will be sent to the preset personnel; otherwise, the stirring-persimmon leaf fruit acid extraction interference index and the intensity of the scattered light of the clarified filtrate of the extract will be input into the stirring-persimmon leaf fruit acid extraction mapping table to read the stirring speed adjustment signal. The stirring speed adjustment signal is fed back to the PLC, and the PLC outputs the stirring speed control command to the stirring device to stir at the corresponding stirring speed. After the stirring-extraction optimization is completed, the stirring-persimmon leaf fruit acid extraction interference index for the next specified extraction time period is re-acquired. If the stirring-persimmon leaf fruit acid extraction interference index is within the preset stirring-persimmon leaf fruit acid extraction interference range, a stirring-extraction optimization qualified prompt is sent; otherwise, a stirring-extraction optimization alarm is sent.

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