Cigarette laser drilling area characterization evaluation method
By using laser scanning and image processing technology, the upper surface area and effective inner surface area of the perforation in cigarettes are calculated, which solves the uncertainty problem of traditional detection methods and improves the accuracy and consistency of perforation quality detection.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202511048369.4
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Applications(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2025-07-29
- Publication Date
- 2025-11-14
AI Technical Summary
Traditional methods for testing the quality of cigarette perforation cannot accurately measure the upper surface area and effective inner surface area of the perforation, resulting in significant uncertainty in the accuracy and consistency of the evaluation.
A laser scanner was used to collect three-dimensional point cloud data of the perforations on the surface of cigarette filters. Noise points were removed by point cloud filtering, and the data was converted into two-dimensional grayscale images for region recognition. After cropping, the data was converted back into point cloud data, and an integral algorithm was used to calculate the upper surface area and effective inner surface area of the micropores.
It enables accurate calculation of the area of the punched region, improves the efficiency of quality inspection, helps manufacturers identify quality fluctuations, optimize the punching process, and ensure product consistency and stability.
Smart Images
Figure CN120953201A_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] This invention relates to the field of cigarette perforation quality testing technology, and in particular to a method for characterizing and evaluating the area of laser-perforated cigarette holes. Background Technology
[0002] With the continuous development of cigarette technology and the increasing demands of consumers for cigarette product quality, the sensory quality, draw resistance, and smoke stability of cigarettes have become important factors affecting the consumer experience. To meet these demands, perforation technology in cigarette production has gradually become an important adjustment method. This is because perforation can not only adjust the ventilation rate of the cigarette and control the generation and inhalation resistance of smoke, but also improve the taste and draw resistance of the cigarette, thereby indirectly improving the overall quality of the product.
[0003] However, in traditional cigarette perforation technology, in addition to focusing on parameters such as aperture, spacing, depth, and shape, the upper surface area of the perforation (the upper surface area of the perforation: the two-dimensional area of the micropore outline on the filter tip; see the attached diagram in the instruction manual for details of the two-dimensional area of the micropore outline on the filter tip) is also considered. Figure 4 ) and effective internal surface area (effective internal surface area: the area of the inner wall of the micropores below the thickness of the tipping paper; for details of the area of the inner wall of the micropores below the thickness of the tipping paper, please refer to the attached diagram in the instruction manual). Figure 4 Perforated surfaces are also playing an increasingly important role in cigarette quality control because the upper surface area and effective inner surface area of the perforation directly affect the flow and diffusion characteristics of smoke during combustion. Changes in these areas not only alter the rate of smoke generation but also affect the distribution of smoke components, thus significantly impacting the smoker's sensory experience.
[0004] Generally, a larger perforation area results in faster smoke generation and potentially lower draw resistance. However, excessively large perforations can lead to thinner smoke, affecting the richness of the flavor and the intensity of the smoke. Conversely, if the perforation area is too small, while it may increase smoke concentration, it can also increase draw resistance and even affect the normal combustion of the cigarette. Therefore, accurately characterizing the upper surface area and effective inner surface area of the perforation is crucial for manufacturers to better adjust the ventilation rate of cigarettes and optimize smoke generation and draw resistance characteristics, thereby achieving refined control over cigarette quality. Traditional methods for inspecting cigarette perforation quality, such as manual visual inspection, cannot accurately measure these areas (the upper surface area and effective inner surface area of the perforation) due to varying worker experience. This leads to significant uncertainty in the evaluated perforation accuracy and consistency.
[0005] Therefore, it is necessary to improve and optimize the traditional methods for testing the quality of cigarette perforation in order to solve the problem that the traditional methods for testing the quality of cigarette perforation cannot accurately measure these areas (the upper surface area and the effective inner surface area of the perforation), resulting in a large degree of uncertainty in the evaluated perforation accuracy and consistency. Summary of the Invention
[0006] The purpose of this invention is to propose a method for characterizing and evaluating the area of laser-drilled perforations in cigarettes, in order to solve the problem that traditional methods for detecting the quality of perforations in cigarettes cannot accurately measure these areas (the upper surface area and the effective inner surface area of the perforation), resulting in significant uncertainty in the evaluated perforation accuracy and consistency.
[0007] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the present invention adopts the following technical solution:
[0008] A method for characterizing and evaluating the area of laser-drilled holes in cigarettes includes the following steps:
[0009] S1. Collect the three-dimensional point cloud data of the perforation on the surface of the cigarette filter. Preprocess the collected three-dimensional point cloud data of the perforation on the surface of the cigarette filter to obtain the preprocessed three-dimensional point cloud data of the perforation.
[0010] S2. Convert the preprocessed three-dimensional point cloud data of the punched area into an image, and use image processing technology to identify the punched area in the image in order to identify the positioning information of the punched area.
[0011] S3. Based on the positioning information of the punched area, the punched area in the image corresponding to the positioning information of the punched area is cropped, and the cropped punched area image is converted into point cloud data to obtain the cropped relevant point cloud data.
[0012] S4. Based on the relevant point cloud data after cropping, the upper surface area and effective surface area of one of the micro-holes in the cropped perforated area image are calculated using an integral algorithm. The perforation quality of the cigarette is evaluated based on the calculation results of the upper surface area and the effective inner surface area of the micro-hole. The upper surface area of the micro-hole is the two-dimensional area of the contour of a micro-hole in the perforation area; the effective inner surface area of the micro-hole is the area of the inner wall of the micro-hole below the thickness of the tipping paper.
[0013] Prioritizes step S1, which involves acquiring three-dimensional point cloud data of the perforations on the surface of a cigarette filter, and preprocessing the acquired three-dimensional point cloud data of the perforations to obtain preprocessed three-dimensional point cloud data of the perforations. This includes the following steps:
[0014] S1.1 Use a laser scanning instrument to scan the micro-holes on the surface of the cigarette filter to collect three-dimensional point cloud data of the perforations on the surface of the cigarette filter.
[0015] S1.2 Perform point cloud filtering on the collected three-dimensional morphology point cloud data of the perforation on the surface of the cigarette filter to obtain the three-dimensional morphology point cloud data of the perforation on the surface of the cigarette filter after point cloud filtering.
[0016] S1.3. Remove outliers from the point cloud data of the three-dimensional perforation morphology of the cigarette filter surface after point cloud filtering to obtain the pre-processed three-dimensional perforation morphology point cloud data.
[0017] Prior to this, step S2 involves converting the preprocessed three-dimensional point cloud data of the punched holes into an image, and using image processing technology to identify the punched areas in the image to determine their location information. This includes the following steps:
[0018] S2.1 Convert the preprocessed three-dimensional point cloud data of the punched hole into a two-dimensional grayscale image to obtain a two-dimensional grayscale image corresponding to the three-dimensional point cloud data of the punched hole.
[0019] S2.2 Based on image processing technology, the punched area in the two-dimensional grayscale image is identified to determine the location information of the punched area; wherein, the image processing technology is an image recognition algorithm.
[0020] Prioritize, step S3, based on the positioning information of the punched area, crops the punched area in the image corresponding to the positioning information of the punched area, and converts the image of the cropped punched area into point cloud data to obtain the cropped relevant point cloud data, including the following steps:
[0021] S3.1 Based on the positioning information of the punched area, find the punched area in the image that corresponds to the positioning information of the punched area, and crop the punched area that corresponds to the positioning information of the punched area from the image to obtain the cropped punched area image.
[0022] S3.2 Convert the cropped punched area image into point cloud data to obtain the cropped related point cloud data; wherein, the related point cloud data is the three-dimensional morphological point cloud data corresponding to the punched area image.
[0023] Prioritizing step S4, based on the cropped relevant point cloud data, an integral algorithm is used to calculate the upper surface area and effective surface area of one of the micro-holes in the cropped perforated area image, and the perforation quality of the cigarette is evaluated based on the calculation results of the upper surface area and the effective inner surface area of the micro-hole; including the following steps:
[0024] S4.1 Select one microhole in the cropped perforated area image, take the two-dimensional area of the upper contour of the microhole as the upper surface area of the microhole, and take the inner wall area of the microhole below the thickness of the splicing paper as the effective surface area of the microhole.
[0025] S4.2 From the cropped relevant point cloud data, find the relevant point cloud data corresponding to the micro-hole selected in S4.1, and based on the point cloud data corresponding to the micro-hole selected in S4.1 and the pixel unit conversion mathematical operation, calculate the upper surface area SA of the micro-hole using integration. The formula for calculating the upper surface area of the micro-hole is as follows:
[0026]
[0027] Where SA represents the upper surface area of the micropores in the cigarette; L i This represents the length of the i-th circular segment with perforations in the cigarette. UD represents the distance between two adjacent punched dot cloud lines; n indicates that there are n dot cloud lines for the cigarette punch.
[0028] S4.3 From the cropped point cloud data, find the point cloud data corresponding to the micro-holes selected in S4.1. Based on the point cloud data corresponding to the micro-holes selected in S4.1 and the pixel unit conversion mathematical operation, calculate the effective surface area S of the micro-holes using integration. The formula for calculating the effective surface area of the micro-holes is as follows:
[0029]
[0030] Where S represents the effective inner surface area of the micropores in the cigarette; Li represents the length of the i-th circular segment of the perforation in the cigarette. UD represents the unit distance between two adjacent circular point cloud lines; n represents the number of point cloud circular lines when the cigarette is perforated.
[0031] S4.4. Based on the effective surface area of the micropores calculated in S4.3 and the upper surface area of the micropores calculated in S4.2, the quality of the micropores drilled on the cigarette filter is evaluated.
[0032] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has at least one of the following beneficial effects:
[0033] 1. A method for characterizing and evaluating the area of laser-drilled perforations in cigarettes according to the present invention firstly collects three-dimensional point cloud data of the perforations on the surface of a cigarette filter, preprocesses the collected three-dimensional point cloud data of the perforations, converts the preprocessed three-dimensional point cloud data of the perforations into an image, and uses image processing technology to identify the perforated areas in the image to identify the positioning information of the perforated areas. Then, based on the positioning information of the perforated areas, the perforated areas in the image corresponding to the positioning information of the perforated areas are cropped, and the cropped perforated area image is converted into point cloud data. Finally, based on the cropped relevant point cloud data, an integral algorithm is used to characterize the upper surface of one of the micro-holes in the cropped perforated area image. The perforation quality of cigarettes is evaluated based on the calculation results of the upper surface area and the effective inner surface area of the perforations. This method not only allows for accurate calculation of the upper surface area and the effective inner surface area of the perforated area, but also enables precise analysis of the perforation quality of different batches of cigarettes. This helps manufacturers identify potential quality fluctuations during production, facilitating timely adjustments to process parameters and ensuring product quality consistency. Furthermore, it addresses the problem of traditional methods for detecting cigarette perforation quality, which cannot accurately measure these areas (the upper surface area and the effective inner surface area of the perforation), leading to significant uncertainty in the evaluated perforation accuracy and consistency.
[0034] 2. The method for characterizing and evaluating the area of laser-drilled cigarettes in this invention can not only effectively improve the efficiency of quality inspection, but also provide a scientific basis for optimizing the drilling process, improving product consistency and product stability, and provide technical support for consumers' demand for high-quality and high-stability cigarette products. Attached Figure Description
[0035] Figure 1 This is a flowchart illustrating a method for characterizing and evaluating the area of laser-drilled holes in cigarettes according to the present invention.
[0036] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of perforations or micropores in the filter portion of a cigarette in the invention.
[0037] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the point cloud data processing flow for the three-dimensional morphology of perforations on the surface of a cigarette filter in this invention.
[0038] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the upper surface area region and the effective inner surface area region of the micropores in this invention. Detailed Implementation
[0039] like Figure 1-4As shown, to make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the present invention clearer, the present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention.
[0040] Example
[0041] Traditional methods for inspecting the quality of cigarette perforation, such as manual visual inspection, cannot accurately measure these areas (the upper surface area and the effective inner surface area of the perforation) due to the varying experience of different workers. This leads to significant uncertainty in the evaluation of perforation accuracy and consistency.
[0042] Therefore, this application proposes a method for characterizing and evaluating the area of laser-drilled holes in cigarettes, in order to solve the problem that traditional methods for detecting the quality of perforation in cigarettes cannot accurately measure these areas (the upper surface area and the effective inner surface area of the perforation), resulting in significant uncertainty in the evaluated perforation accuracy and consistency.
[0043] For details, please refer to Figure 1 , Figure 1 This is a flowchart illustrating a method for characterizing and evaluating the area of laser-drilled holes in cigarettes according to the present invention. The method includes the following steps:
[0044] The first step is to collect the three-dimensional point cloud data of the perforations on the surface of the cigarette filter. The collected point cloud data is then preprocessed to obtain the preprocessed three-dimensional point cloud data of the perforations, as detailed below:
[0045] (1) Use a laser scanning instrument to scan the micro-holes on the surface of the cigarette filter to collect the three-dimensional point cloud data of the perforations on the surface of the cigarette filter.
[0046] The laser scanning device can be understood as a laser rangefinder; the micropores on the surface of the cigarette filter can be understood as the micropores punched in the filter part of the cigarette, with several micropores spaced apart along the outer peripheral wall of the filter rod (see [reference]). Figure 2 , Figure 2 (This is a schematic diagram of perforation or micropores in the filter portion of a cigarette in this invention); After scanning the micropores on the surface of the cigarette filter with a laser, the three-dimensional morphological point cloud data of the perforation on the surface of the cigarette filter can be understood as using a laser rangefinder to emit a laser to the surface of the micropores on the filter surface, and calculating the distance based on the time or phase difference of the laser reflection, thereby obtaining the three-dimensional morphological point cloud data of one of the micropores on the surface of the cigarette filter; The three-dimensional morphological point cloud data represents the three-dimensional morphological information of the perforated part.
[0047] Specifically, when collecting the three-dimensional morphological point cloud data of the micropores on the surface of a cigarette filter, a laser rangefinder can be used to emit a laser to the hole on the surface of the cigarette filter, and then the distance can be calculated based on the time or phase difference of the laser reflection. This will give us the three-dimensional morphological point cloud data of one of the micropores on the surface of the cigarette filter. By repeating this process, we can obtain the three-dimensional morphological point cloud data of the hole on the surface of the cigarette filter.
[0048] This solution uses a high-precision laser scanning instrument to scan the micropores on the surface of cigarette filters, thereby acquiring more accurate three-dimensional point cloud data of the perforations on the cigarette filter surface. This improves the accuracy of subsequent calculations of the surface area of the micropores on the filter rod.
[0049] (2) The point cloud data of the three-dimensional morphology of the perforation on the surface of the cigarette filter after collection is processed by point cloud filtering to obtain the point cloud data of the three-dimensional morphology of the perforation on the surface of the cigarette filter after point cloud filtering.
[0050] It should be noted that due to various external interference factors and the errors of the equipment itself (the errors of the equipment itself: the accuracy and vibration of the 3D laser scanner), the acquisition of point cloud data by the laser scanner will inevitably contain noise points, that is, outliers in the cloud point data. These outliers have a common high frequency. These noise points should be removed, that is, point cloud filtering preprocessing operation should be performed on the micropore 3D morphology point cloud data.
[0051] Point cloud filtering can be understood as the statistical analysis and identification of noise points and outliers in cloud data for each point and its neighborhood in a point cloud.
[0052] Specifically, when performing point cloud filtering on the three-dimensional perforation point cloud data of the cigarette filter surface, point cloud filtering technology can be used to perform point cloud filtering on the three-dimensional perforation point cloud data of the cigarette filter surface to obtain the point cloud data of the three-dimensional perforation point cloud data of the cigarette filter surface after point cloud filtering.
[0053] In this scheme, by performing point cloud filtering on the collected three-dimensional morphology point cloud data of the perforated surface of the cigarette filter, outliers in the point cloud data of the perforated surface of the cigarette filter can be identified, so as to obtain high-quality point cloud data of the three-dimensional morphology point cloud data of the perforated surface of the cigarette filter after point cloud filtering.
[0054] (3) Remove outliers from the point cloud data of the three-dimensional perforation morphology of the cigarette filter surface after point cloud filtering to obtain the pre-processed three-dimensional perforation morphology point cloud data.
[0055] Outliers can be understood as noise points identified from the three-dimensional point cloud data of the perforated surface of a cigarette filter. Point cloud removal can be understood as separating outliers from the three-dimensional point cloud data of the perforated surface of a cigarette filter after point cloud filtering, so as to retain the three-dimensional point cloud data of the perforated surface of a cigarette filter without noise points to optimize subsequent analysis.
[0056] Specifically, when removing outliers from the point cloud data of the three-dimensional perforated shape of the cigarette filter surface after point cloud filtering, point cloud pruning technology can be used to remove outliers from the point cloud data of the three-dimensional perforated shape of the cigarette filter surface after point cloud filtering, so as to retain the noise-free point cloud data of the three-dimensional perforated shape of the cigarette filter surface for subsequent analysis, that is, to obtain the pre-processed three-dimensional perforated shape point cloud data.
[0057] In this solution, outliers in the point cloud data of the three-dimensional morphology of the perforated surface of the cigarette filter are removed after point cloud filtering to obtain noise-free point cloud data of the three-dimensional morphology of the perforated surface of the cigarette filter, thereby further improving the quality of the point cloud data of the three-dimensional morphology of the perforated surface of the cigarette filter after point cloud filtering.
[0058] The second step is to convert the preprocessed 3D point cloud data of the punched holes into an image, and use image processing technology to identify the punched areas in the image to determine their location information, as follows:
[0059] (1) Convert the preprocessed 3D point cloud data of the punched hole into a 2D grayscale image to obtain a 2D grayscale image corresponding to the 3D point cloud data of the punched hole (see [link]). Figure 3 , Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional point cloud data processing flow for perforation on the surface of a cigarette filter in this invention.
[0060] Among them, the preprocessed three-dimensional point cloud data of the punched hole can be understood as the three-dimensional point cloud data of the punched hole with noise points removed; the two-dimensional grayscale image can be understood as using a single brightness value to represent the color information of each pixel, without containing color information. This two-dimensional grayscale image not only reduces the complexity of the data, but also retains enough information to perform many types of analysis and operations.
[0061] Specifically, when converting the preprocessed three-dimensional point cloud data of the punched hole into a two-dimensional grayscale image, the three-dimensional coordinate points of the preprocessed three-dimensional point cloud data of the punched hole can be mapped to a two-dimensional plane, and the depth information can be represented by grayscale values to obtain a two-dimensional grayscale image corresponding to the three-dimensional point cloud data of the punched hole.
[0062] In this solution, the preprocessed three-dimensional perforation point cloud data is converted into a two-dimensional grayscale image to obtain a two-dimensional grayscale image corresponding to the three-dimensional perforation point cloud data, thereby reducing the complexity of processing the three-dimensional perforation point cloud data.
[0063] (2) Based on image processing technology, the punched areas in the two-dimensional grayscale image are identified to determine the location information of the punched areas (see [link]). Figure 3 , Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional point cloud data processing flow for perforation on the surface of a cigarette filter in this invention.
[0064] Among them, image processing technology can be understood as image recognition algorithm. The image recognition algorithm can be YOLOv8, or an appropriate image recognition algorithm can be selected according to actual needs; the punched area can be understood as the area with a hole in a two-dimensional grayscale image; the positioning information of the punched area can be understood as the position information of the punched area in a two-dimensional grayscale image.
[0065] Specifically, when identifying punched regions in a 2D grayscale image, the punched regions in the 2D grayscale image can be labeled first. Then, the 2D grayscale image with labeled punched regions can be input into YOLOv8 for training to obtain the trained YOLOv8 model. Finally, the 2D grayscale image with punched regions can be input into the trained YOLOv8 model to identify the location information of the punched regions in the 2D grayscale image.
[0066] In this solution, perforated areas in a two-dimensional grayscale image are identified using image processing technology to determine their location information. This provides support for subsequent cropping of perforated areas in the image that correspond to the location information of the perforated areas.
[0067] The third step is to crop the punched areas in the image based on their location information, and then convert the cropped punched area image into point cloud data to obtain the cropped relevant point cloud data, as follows:
[0068] (1) Based on the positioning information of the punched area, find the punched area in the image that corresponds to the positioning information of the punched area, and crop the punched area corresponding to the positioning information of the punched area from the image to obtain the cropped punched area image (see [link]). Figure 3 , Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional point cloud data processing flow for perforation on the surface of a cigarette filter in this invention.
[0069] The positioning information of the punched area can be understood as the location information of the punched area in the two-dimensional grayscale image; the punched area corresponding to the positioning information of the punched area can be understood as the punched area corresponding to the location information of the punched area in the two-dimensional grayscale image; the cropped punched area image can be understood as a two-dimensional grayscale image containing only the punched area.
[0070] Specifically, when cropping a two-dimensional grayscale image containing only the punched area from a two-dimensional grayscale image, the location information of the identified punched area (location information: position information) can be used to crop a two-dimensional grayscale image containing only the punched area from the two-dimensional grayscale image with the punched area, so as to obtain the cropped punched area image.
[0071] In this solution, based on the positioning information of the punched area, the punched area corresponding to the positioning information of the punched area is found in the image, and the punched area corresponding to the positioning information of the punched area is cropped from the image to obtain the cropped punched area image. In this way, it can provide support for the subsequent cropping of the three-dimensional shape point cloud data corresponding to the punched area image.
[0072] (1) Convert the cropped punched area image into point cloud data to obtain the relevant point cloud data after cropping (see [link]). Figure 3 , Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional point cloud data processing flow for perforation on the surface of a cigarette filter in this invention.
[0073] The cropped punched area image can be understood as a two-dimensional grayscale image containing only the punched area; the cropped related point cloud data can be understood as three-dimensional morphological point cloud data corresponding to the punched area image.
[0074] Specifically, when converting the cropped punched area image into point cloud data, the grayscale values of the cropped punched area image can be mapped to depth information in three-dimensional space, and point cloud data can be constructed by combining pixel coordinates to obtain the cropped punched area image.
[0075] In this solution, the cropped perforated area image is converted into point cloud data to obtain the relevant point cloud data after cropping. This provides data support for subsequent calculation of the surface area of the micropores on the filter rod.
[0076] Step 4: Based on the relevant point cloud data after cropping, use an integral algorithm to calculate the upper surface area and effective surface area of one of the micro-holes in the cropped perforated area image. Then, evaluate the perforation quality of the cigarette based on the calculated upper surface area and effective inner surface area of the micro-hole. The upper surface area of the micro-hole is the two-dimensional area of the contour of a micro-hole within the perforation area; the effective inner surface area of the micro-hole is the area of the inner wall of the micro-hole below the thickness of the tipping paper, as detailed below:
[0077] (1) Select one micro-hole from the cropped perforated area image. Take the two-dimensional area of the upper contour of the micro-hole as the upper surface area of the micro-hole, and take the area of the inner wall of the micro-hole below the thickness of the splicing paper as the effective surface area of the micro-hole (see [link]). Figure 3 , Figure 3(Schematic diagram of the three-dimensional point cloud data processing flow for perforations on the surface of cigarette filters in this invention).
[0078] The perforated area image can be understood as a two-dimensional grayscale image containing only the perforated area; one micro-hole in the perforated area image can be understood as one micro-hole in the perforated area (micro-hole: one micro-hole on the filter rod); the two-dimensional area of the contour of the micro-hole (see [reference]). Figure 4 , Figure 4 (The diagram showing the upper surface area region and the effective inner surface area region of the micropore in this invention) can be understood as the area of the upper contour surface of the micropore; the effective surface area of the micropore (see [reference]). Figure 4 , Figure 4 (This is a schematic diagram of the upper surface area region and the effective inner surface area region of the micropore in this invention.) It can be understood as the inner wall area of the micropore below the thickness of the bonding paper at the micropore, and the inner wall area of the micropore below the thickness of the bonding paper at the micropore is the curved surface area of the micropore below the thickness of the bonding paper at the micropore.
[0079] It should be noted that the filter rod includes the outermost splicing paper and the innermost filter element layer. The outermost splicing paper wraps around the innermost filter element layer. The micropore inner wall area below the thickness of the splicing paper mentioned above refers to the curved surface area at the micropores of the filter element layer.
[0080] (2) From the cropped relevant point cloud data, find the relevant point cloud data corresponding to the micro-hole selected in (1), and based on the point cloud data corresponding to the micro-hole selected in (1) and the pixel unit conversion mathematical operation, calculate the surface area SA of the micro-hole by integration. The formula for calculating the surface area of the micro-hole is as follows:
[0081]
[0082] Where SA represents the upper surface area of the micropores in the cigarette; L i This represents the length of the i-th circular segment with perforations in the cigarette. UD represents the distance between two adjacent punched dot cloud lines; n indicates that there are n dot cloud lines for the cigarette punch.
[0083] The cropped relevant point cloud data can be understood as the relevant point cloud data corresponding to the punched area; the pixel unit conversion mathematical operation can be understood as pixel unit conversion.
[0084] Specifically, when calculating the surface area SA of the micropore, the relevant point cloud data corresponding to the micropore selected in (1) can be found from the cropped relevant point cloud data. Based on the point cloud data corresponding to the micropore selected in (1) and the pixel unit conversion mathematical operation, the surface area SA of the micropore is calculated by integration.
[0085] In this scheme, the relevant point cloud data corresponding to the microhole selected in (1) is found from the relevant point cloud data after cropping. Based on the point cloud data corresponding to the microhole selected in (1) and the pixel unit conversion mathematical operation, the upper surface area SA of the microhole is calculated by integration. In this way, not only the upper surface area of regular microholes can be calculated, but also the upper surface area of irregular microholes can be calculated, ensuring high accuracy and reliability of area calculation.
[0086] (3) From the cropped relevant point cloud data, find the relevant point cloud data corresponding to the micro-hole selected in (1), and based on the point cloud data corresponding to the micro-hole selected in (1) and the pixel unit conversion mathematical operation, calculate the effective surface area S of the micro-hole by integration. The formula for calculating the effective surface area of the micro-hole is as follows:
[0087]
[0088] Where S represents the effective inner surface area of the micropores in the cigarette; Li represents the length of the i-th circular segment of the perforation in the cigarette. UD represents the unit distance between two adjacent circular point cloud lines; n represents the number of point cloud circular lines corresponding to the perforation in the cigarette; the cropped related point cloud data can be understood as the related point cloud data corresponding to the perforation area; the pixel unit conversion mathematical operation can be understood as pixel unit conversion.
[0089] Specifically, when calculating the effective surface area S of the micropore, the relevant point cloud data corresponding to the micropore selected in (1) can be found from the cropped relevant point cloud data. Based on the point cloud data corresponding to the micropore selected in (1) and the pixel unit conversion mathematical operation, the effective surface area S of the micropore is calculated by integration.
[0090] In this scheme, the relevant point cloud data corresponding to the microhole selected in (1) is found from the cropped relevant point cloud data, and the effective surface area S of the microhole is calculated by integration based on the point cloud data corresponding to the microhole selected in (1) and the pixel unit conversion mathematical operation. In this way, not only the effective surface area of regular microholes can be calculated, but also the effective surface area of irregular microholes can be calculated, ensuring high accuracy and reliability of area calculation.
[0091] (4) The quality of the micropores drilled on the cigarette filter is evaluated based on the effective surface area of the micropores calculated in (3) and the upper surface area of the micropores calculated in (2).
[0092] Specifically, when evaluating the quality of the micropores drilled on cigarette filters, the effective surface area and upper surface area of the micropores can be combined. This allows for accurate calculation of the upper surface area and effective inner surface area of the perforated area, as well as precise analysis of the perforation quality across different batches of cigarettes. This helps manufacturers identify potential quality fluctuations during production, facilitating timely adjustments to process parameters and ensuring product quality consistency. It should be noted that one method for characterizing and evaluating the laser-drilled perforation area of cigarettes specifically evaluates the effective surface area and upper surface area of the laser-drilled perforations, i.e., it evaluates the effective surface area and upper surface area of the micropores on the filter.
[0093] The technical solution of this invention first collects three-dimensional point cloud data of the perforations on the surface of cigarette filters, preprocesses the collected point cloud data, converts the preprocessed point cloud data into an image, and uses image processing technology to identify the perforated areas in the image to determine their location information. Then, based on the location information, the perforated areas in the image corresponding to the location information are cropped, and the cropped perforated area image is converted into point cloud data. Finally, based on the cropped point cloud data, an integral algorithm is used to calculate the upper surface area and effective surface area of one micro-hole in the cropped perforated area image. Based on the calculated upper surface area and effective inner surface area of the micro-hole, the perforation quality of the cigarette is evaluated. This not only allows for accurate calculation of the upper surface area and effective inner surface area of the perforated area but also enables precise analysis of the perforation quality of different batches of cigarettes, helping manufacturers identify potential quality fluctuations during production and facilitating timely adjustments to process parameters.
[0094] Although the invention has been described herein with reference to several illustrative embodiments, it should be understood that many other modifications and implementations can be devised by those skilled in the art, which will fall within the scope and spirit of the principles disclosed herein. More specifically, various variations and modifications can be made to the components and / or layout of the subject matter arrangement within the scope of the disclosure, drawings, and claims. Besides variations and modifications to the components and / or layout, other uses will be apparent to those skilled in the art.
Claims
1. A method for characterizing and evaluating the area of laser-drilled holes in cigarettes, characterized in that: Includes the following steps: S1. Collect the three-dimensional point cloud data of the perforation on the surface of the cigarette filter. Preprocess the collected three-dimensional point cloud data of the perforation on the surface of the cigarette filter to obtain the preprocessed three-dimensional point cloud data of the perforation. S2. Convert the preprocessed three-dimensional point cloud data of the punched area into an image, and use image processing technology to identify the punched area in the image in order to identify the positioning information of the punched area. S3. Based on the positioning information of the punched area, the punched area in the image corresponding to the positioning information of the punched area is cropped, and the cropped punched area image is converted into point cloud data to obtain the cropped relevant point cloud data. S4. Based on the relevant point cloud data after cropping, the upper surface area and effective surface area of one of the micro-holes in the cropped perforated area image are calculated using an integral algorithm. The perforation quality of the cigarette is evaluated based on the calculation results of the upper surface area and the effective inner surface area of the micro-hole. The upper surface area of the micro-hole is the two-dimensional area of the contour of a micro-hole in the perforation area; the effective inner surface area of the micro-hole is the area of the inner wall of the micro-hole below the thickness of the tipping paper.
2. The method for characterizing and evaluating the area of laser-drilled holes in cigarettes according to claim 1, characterized in that: Step S1 involves collecting three-dimensional point cloud data of the perforations on the surface of a cigarette filter, and preprocessing the collected three-dimensional point cloud data of the perforations to obtain preprocessed three-dimensional point cloud data of the perforations. This includes the following steps: S1.1 Use a laser scanning instrument to scan the micro-holes on the surface of the cigarette filter to collect three-dimensional point cloud data of the perforations on the surface of the cigarette filter. S1.2 Perform point cloud filtering on the collected three-dimensional morphology point cloud data of the perforation on the surface of the cigarette filter to obtain the three-dimensional morphology point cloud data of the perforation on the surface of the cigarette filter after point cloud filtering. S1.
3. Remove outliers from the point cloud data of the three-dimensional perforation morphology of the cigarette filter surface after point cloud filtering to obtain the pre-processed three-dimensional perforation morphology point cloud data.
3. The method for characterizing and evaluating the area of laser-drilled holes in cigarettes according to claim 1, characterized in that: Step S2 involves converting the preprocessed three-dimensional point cloud data of the punched holes into an image, and using image processing technology to identify the punched areas in the image to determine their location information. This includes the following steps: S2.1 Convert the preprocessed three-dimensional point cloud data of the punched hole into a two-dimensional grayscale image to obtain a two-dimensional grayscale image corresponding to the three-dimensional point cloud data of the punched hole. S2.2 Based on image processing technology, the punched area in the two-dimensional grayscale image is identified to determine the location information of the punched area; wherein, the image processing technology is an image recognition algorithm.
4. The method for characterizing and evaluating the area of laser-drilled holes in cigarettes according to claim 1, characterized in that: Step S3, based on the positioning information of the punched area, cropping the punched area in the image corresponding to the positioning information of the punched area, and converting the image of the cropped punched area into point cloud data to obtain the cropped relevant point cloud data, includes the following steps: S3.1 Based on the positioning information of the punched area, find the punched area in the image that corresponds to the positioning information of the punched area, and crop the punched area that corresponds to the positioning information of the punched area from the image to obtain the cropped punched area image. S3.2 Convert the cropped punched area image into point cloud data to obtain the cropped related point cloud data; wherein, the related point cloud data is the three-dimensional morphological point cloud data corresponding to the punched area image.
5. The method for characterizing and evaluating the area of laser-drilled holes in cigarettes according to claim 1, characterized in that: Step S4 involves using an integral algorithm to calculate the upper surface area and effective surface area of one of the micro-holes in the cropped perforated area image based on the relevant point cloud data after cropping. The perforation quality of the cigarette is then evaluated based on the calculated upper surface area and effective inner surface area of the micro-hole. This includes the following steps: S4.1 Select one microhole in the cropped perforated area image, take the two-dimensional area of the upper contour of the microhole as the upper surface area of the microhole, and take the inner wall area of the microhole below the thickness of the splicing paper as the effective surface area of the microhole. S4.2 From the cropped relevant point cloud data, find the relevant point cloud data corresponding to the micro-hole selected in S4.1, and based on the point cloud data corresponding to the micro-hole selected in S4.1 and the pixel unit conversion mathematical operation, calculate the upper surface area SA of the micro-hole using integration. The formula for calculating the upper surface area of the micro-hole is as follows: Where SA represents the upper surface area of the micropores in the cigarette; L i This represents the length of the i-th circular segment with perforations in the cigarette. UD represents the distance between two adjacent punched dot cloud lines; n indicates that there are n dot cloud lines for the cigarette punch. S4.3 From the cropped point cloud data, find the point cloud data corresponding to the micro-holes selected in S4.
1. Based on the point cloud data corresponding to the micro-holes selected in S4.1 and the pixel unit conversion mathematical operation, calculate the effective surface area S of the micro-holes using integration. The formula for calculating the effective surface area of the micro-holes is as follows: Where S represents the effective inner surface area of the micropores in the cigarette; Li represents the length of the i-th circular segment of the perforation in the cigarette. UD represents the unit distance between two adjacent circular point cloud lines; n represents the number of point cloud circular lines when the cigarette is perforated. S4.
4. Based on the effective surface area of the micropores calculated in S4.3 and the upper surface area of the micropores calculated in S4.2, the quality of the micropores drilled on the cigarette filter is evaluated.