Single excitation source active and passive integrated protection intelligent fuse

Abstract

The application provides a single excitation source active and passive integrated protection intelligent fuse, which comprises a first conductive row, a signal fuse body, a second conductive row, a circuit board and an excitation source; the circuit board is provided with the relay and the excitation source, the relay is connected with an external control unit, the excitation source, the first conductive row and the second conductive row respectively; the first conductive row, the signal fuse body and the second conductive row are connected in sequence; the relay is provided with an isolation layer, the isolation layer is used for shielding crosstalk of external voltage to the relay; after a plurality of pins of the relay are welded on the circuit board, the plurality of pins are treated by an insulation treatment mode; in a patrol working condition, the external control unit outputs a first patrol signal to the relay, so as to control the relay to switch to a patrol state, and feedback the working state of the excitation source to the external control unit.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The application belongs to the technical field of emergency protection devices, and particularly relates to a single-excitation-source active and passive integrated protection intelligent fuse. BACKGROUND

[0002] The active and passive integrated protection intelligent fuse is a safety protection device applied to a high-voltage system main loop, and with the increasing market demand for the intelligence and safety of electric vehicles, it is gradually replacing traditional thermal fuses and becoming a mainstream choice. The active and passive integrated protection intelligent fuse combines active protection and passive protection functions, and can more reliably cut off a circuit in different situations to protect people and vehicle bodies.

[0003] The existing active and passive integrated protection function is realized by a built-in PCBA, on which an external trigger circuit and an internal trigger circuit are designed to realize active protection and passive protection functions, respectively. When the fuse body part in the intelligent fuse is fused under external abnormal current, an extremely high arc voltage is generated. If this high voltage signal cannot be effectively isolated from the external trigger circuit, a serious safety accident will occur. This brings a contradiction:

[0004] When the external trigger circuit and the internal trigger circuit share one excitation source, a transformer is often used in the internal trigger circuit to collect the trigger signal, but this may cause the internal trigger circuit to be interfered by strong radiation and mis-triggered or not triggered normally;

[0005] When the external trigger circuit and the internal trigger circuit use different excitation sources, the working state of the excitation source corresponding to the internal trigger circuit cannot be detected, and a sufficient insulation distance needs to be maintained between the two excitation sources to prevent the risk of high voltage generated by internal triggering from entering the external trigger circuit, but this will make the product very large. SUMMARY

[0006] The application provides a single-excitation-source active and passive integrated protection intelligent fuse to strengthen the radiation interference resistance and high-low voltage insulation design of the intelligent fuse, so that the single-excitation-source intelligent fuse can simultaneously adapt to external triggering and internal triggering functions.

[0007] In a first aspect, the application provides a single-excitation-source active and passive integrated protection intelligent fuse, which comprises a first conductive row, a signal fuse body, a second conductive row, a circuit board, and an excitation source.

[0008] The circuit board is provided with the relay and the excitation source, and the relay is connected with an external control unit, the excitation source, the first conductive row, and the second conductive row; the first conductive row, the signal fuse body, and the second conductive row are connected in sequence.

[0009] The relay is provided with an isolation layer for shielding external voltage crosstalk to the relay.

[0010] After the plurality of pins of the relay are welded on the circuit board, the plurality of pins are treated by insulation.

[0011] In the inspection condition, the external control unit outputs a first inspection signal to the relay to control the relay to switch to an inspection state, and feeds back the state of the excitation source to the external control unit.

[0012] In combination with the first aspect, in a possible embodiment, the single-excitation-source active-passive integrated protection intelligent fuse further includes a first wire and a second wire; the first conductive row or the second conductive row is provided with a first through hole, and the circuit board is provided with a second through hole; one end of the first wire is welded on the first conductive row, and one end of the second wire is welded on the second conductive row; after one end of the first wire is welded on the first conductive row and one end of the second wire is welded on the second conductive row, the first wire and the second wire are intertwined and then pass through the first through hole and the second through hole in sequence, and the other end of the first wire and the other end of the second wire are connected to the relay through the circuit board respectively.

[0013] In combination with the first aspect, in a possible embodiment, when in the external triggering condition, the external control unit first outputs a second inspection signal to the relay to control the relay to switch to an external triggering state; then outputs a trigger voltage to the relay, and when a trigger current corresponding to the trigger voltage is greater than a first current threshold and a duration of the trigger current is greater than a preset time, the relay drives the excitation source to trigger.

[0014] In combination with the first aspect, in a possible embodiment, the single-excitation-source active-passive integrated protection intelligent fuse further includes a first current limiting unit and a second current limiting unit; the first current limiting unit is configured to limit a first inspection current corresponding to the first inspection signal or a second inspection current corresponding to the second inspection signal to be less than a second current threshold when the first inspection current or the second inspection current flows through the excitation source; and the second current limiting unit is configured to limit a current flowing through the excitation source in the main loop to be less than the second current threshold in the normal state.

[0015] In combination with the first aspect, in a possible embodiment, a region corresponding to the plurality of pins is filled with a first insulating glue layer, and the first insulating glue layer is filled after the plurality of pins are first treated by vacuumizing.

[0016] In combination with the first aspect, in a possible implementation, the arc extinguishing melt is further provided, the first conductive row is provided with a first cut-off area, the second conductive row is provided with a second cut-off area, the signal melt is arranged between the first cut-off area and the second cut-off area, the second conductive row is provided with a cut-off weak part, one end of the arc extinguishing melt is connected to one end of the first cut-off area away from the signal melt, the other end of the arc extinguishing melt is connected to one end of the cut-off weak part away from the signal melt, or one end of the arc extinguishing melt is connected to one end of the cut-off weak part close to the signal melt, and the other end of the arc extinguishing melt is connected to one end of the cut-off weak part away from the signal melt.

[0017] In combination with the first aspect, in a possible implementation, the impact piece is further provided, the impact piece includes a first base plate, a first impact end extends from a first end face of the first base plate, and a second impact end extends from a second end face of the first base plate, at least two first cut-off pieces are arranged on the first impact end and used to cut off the first cut-off area and the second cut-off area when the impact piece is pushed by high-pressure gas after being triggered by the excitation source, and at least one second cut-off piece is arranged on the second impact end and used to cut off the cut-off weak part when the impact piece is pushed by high-pressure gas after being triggered by the excitation source.

[0018] In combination with the first aspect, in a possible implementation, the clamping piece is further provided, the clamping piece is arranged below the signal melt and clamped on the arc extinguishing melt, after the at least two first cut-off pieces cut off the first cut-off area and the second cut-off area, the clamping piece is continuously impacted to push the clamping piece to break the first clamped area of the arc extinguishing melt, or the clamping piece is arranged below the cut-off weak part and clamped on the arc extinguishing melt, after the at least one second cut-off piece cuts off the cut-off weak part, the clamping piece is continuously impacted to push the clamping piece to break the second clamped area of the arc extinguishing melt, or the clamping piece includes a first sub-clamping piece and a second sub-clamping piece, the first sub-clamping piece is arranged below the signal melt and clamped on the arc extinguishing melt, the second sub-clamping piece is arranged below the cut-off weak part and clamped on the arc extinguishing melt, after the at least two first cut-off pieces cut off the first cut-off area and the second cut-off area, the clamping piece is continuously impacted to push the clamping piece to break the first clamped area of the arc extinguishing melt, and after the at least one second cut-off piece cuts off the cut-off weak part, the second sub-clamping piece is continuously impacted to push the second sub-clamping piece to break the second clamped area of the arc extinguishing melt.

[0019] In combination with the first aspect, in a possible implementation, when the first impact end is provided with two first cutting members, a first groove is arranged between the two first cutting members, the shape of the first groove is matched with the signal fuse; when the impact member is pushed by high-pressure gas so that the first cutting member and the second cutting member are moved to the first cutting area and the second cutting area respectively, the signal fuse is embedded in the first groove.

[0020] In combination with the first aspect, in a possible implementation, the arc extinguishing structure is further arranged below the second conductive row; the arc extinguishing structure comprises a base, a support part is extended from one end of the base towards the second conductive row, and the support part is arranged at one end of the cutting weak part close to the signal fuse.

[0021] When the cutting weak part is cut by the at least one second cutting member, one end of the cutting weak part close to the signal fuse is supported, so that the two ends of the cutting weak part cut by the cutting member are quickly separated.

[0022] As can be seen, the single-excitation-source active-passive integrated protection intelligent fuse in the application comprises a first conductive row, a signal fuse, a second conductive row, a circuit board and an excitation source; the circuit board is provided with the relay and the excitation source, the relay is connected with an external control unit, the excitation source, the first conductive row and the second conductive row respectively; the first conductive row, the signal fuse and the second conductive row are connected in sequence; the relay is provided with an isolation layer, the isolation layer is used for shielding crosstalk of external voltage to the relay; after a plurality of pins of the relay are welded on the circuit board, the plurality of pins are insulated from each other; in a patrol working condition, the external control unit outputs a first patrol signal to the relay, so as to control the relay to switch to a patrol state, and feedback the working state of the excitation source to the external control unit. In this way, the radiation anti-interference ability and high-low voltage insulation design in the intelligent fuse are strengthened, so that the intelligent fuse with a single excitation source can simultaneously adapt to external triggering and internal triggering functions, and the probability of false triggering or failure triggering of the excitation source due to interference is reduced. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0023] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the application or the prior art, the following will briefly introduce the drawings needed to be used in the embodiments or prior art description. Obviously, the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the application, and for those skilled in the art, other drawings can also be obtained without creative labor based on these drawings.

[0024] Figure 1is a schematic diagram of a trigger circuit provided by an embodiment of the present application;

[0025] Figure 2a is a structural schematic diagram of a first intelligent fuse provided by an embodiment of the present application;

[0026] Figure 2b is a structural schematic diagram of a first connection K provided by an embodiment of the present application;

[0027] Figure 3 is a state schematic diagram after a first excitation source is triggered provided by an embodiment of the present application;

[0028] Figure 4 is a structural schematic diagram of a second intelligent fuse provided by an embodiment of the present application;

[0029] Figure 5 is a state schematic diagram after a second excitation source is triggered provided by an embodiment of the present application;

[0030] Figure 6 is a structural schematic diagram of a third intelligent fuse provided by an embodiment of the present application;

[0031] Figure 7 is a structural schematic diagram of an integrally formed first conductive row, signal fuse body and second conductive row provided by an embodiment of the present application. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0032] In order to enable persons skilled in the art to better understand the present application, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be described clearly and completely below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present application. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some of the embodiments of the present application, but not all the embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the present application, all other embodiments obtained by persons skilled in the art without creative work fall within the scope of protection of the present application.

[0033] The terms "first", "second", and the like in the specification and claims of the present application and the above-described drawings are used to distinguish different objects, and are not used to describe a particular order. In addition, the terms "include" and "have" and any variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion. For example, a process, method, system, product or device that includes a series of steps or units is not limited to the listed steps or units, but can optionally include other steps or units not listed, or can optionally include other steps or units inherent to the process, method, system, product or device.

[0034] Reference to an "embodiment" herein means that a particular feature, structure, or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment can be included in at least one embodiment of the application. The appearances of the phrase in various places in the specification are not necessarily all referring to the same embodiment, nor are they necessarily mutually exclusive of one another. As will be apparent to those of ordinary skill in the art, embodiments described herein can be combined with other embodiments.

[0035] To solve the problems existing in the prior art, the embodiment of the application provides a single-excitation-source active and passive integrated protection intelligent fuse, which comprises a first conductive row, a signal fuse, a second conductive row, a circuit board and an excitation source; the circuit board is provided with the relay and the excitation source, the relay is connected with an external control unit, the excitation source, the first conductive row and the second conductive row respectively; the first conductive row, the signal fuse and the second conductive row are connected in sequence; the relay is provided with an isolation layer, the isolation layer is used for shielding crosstalk of external voltage to the relay; after a plurality of pins of the relay are welded on the circuit board, the plurality of pins are treated by insulation; in a patrol working condition, the external control unit outputs a first patrol signal to the relay, so as to control the relay to switch to a patrol state, and feedback the state of the excitation source to the external control unit. In this way, the radiation anti-interference ability and high-low voltage insulation design in the intelligent fuse are strengthened, so that the intelligent fuse with a single excitation source can simultaneously adapt to external triggering and internal triggering functions, and the probability of false triggering or failure to normally trigger of the excitation source due to interference is reduced. The scheme can be applied to various scenes, including but not limited to the application scenes mentioned above.

[0036] The specific structure will be described in detail below.

[0037] Please refer to Figures 1 to 7 , the application further provides a single-excitation-source active and passive integrated protection intelligent fuse, which comprises a first conductive row 10, a signal fuse 20, a second conductive row 30, a circuit board 50 and an excitation source 40.

[0038] The circuit board 50 is provided with the relay J1 and the excitation source 40, the relay J1 is connected with an external control unit 100, the excitation source 40, the first conductive row 10 and the second conductive row 30 respectively; the first conductive row 10, the signal fuse 20 and the second conductive row 30 are connected in sequence (as shown in Figures 1 to 7 , wherein Figure 2b is an enlarged view of the connection K in Figure 2a , it can be known that the signal fuse 20 can be connected in parallel on the first conductive row 10 and the second conductive row 30; wherein Figure 2b , the two enlarged views in Figure 2bThe enlarged view in the upper left corner is a side view, Figure 2b The enlarged view in the lower left corner is a top view.

[0039] The relay J1 is provided with an isolation layer 52 for shielding external voltage from crosstalk of the relay J1;

[0040] After the plurality of pins of the relay J1 are welded on the circuit board 50, the plurality of pins are treated by insulation;

[0041] In the inspection working condition, the external control unit 100 outputs a first inspection signal to the relay J1 to control the relay J1 to switch to an inspection state, and feeds back the state of the excitation source 40 to the external control unit 100.

[0042] In a specific implementation, the intelligent fuse in the embodiment of the present application is provided with a single excitation source (such as Figures 1 to 6 The excitation source 40 is connected to the external control unit 100 and two conductive rows (the first conductive row 10 and the second conductive row 30) through the relay J1, so that the excitation source 40 can be triggered by the external control unit 100 at the same time, and can also be triggered passively when the current of the main loop (the loop of the first conductive row 10, the signal fuse 20 and the second conductive row 30) of the intelligent fuse abnormally increases.

[0043] Specifically, the relay J1 and the excitation source 40 are both welded on the circuit board 50 and connected through the loop on the circuit board 50. The circuit board 50 further includes a diode D1, a first current limiting unit and a second current limiting unit, the first current limiting unit includes a first resistor R1 and a second resistor R2, and the second current limiting unit includes a third resistor R3 and a fourth resistor R4; the first resistor R1 and the second resistor R2 are connected in parallel and serve as backup for each other, and the third resistor R3 and the fourth resistor R4 are connected in parallel and serve as backup for each other. The first pin and the fourth pin of the relay J1 are both connected to the high level end (High) of the external control unit 100 and the negative electrode of the diode D1, the eighth pin of the relay J1 is connected to the positive electrode of the diode D1 and the low level end (Low) of the external control unit 100; the second pin of the relay J1 is connected to the second conductive row 30, and the seventh pin of the relay J1 is connected to one end of the third resistor R3 and one end of the fourth resistor R4, and the other end of the third resistor R3 and the other end of the fourth resistor R4 are connected to the first conductive row 10; the third pin of the relay J1 is connected to the first end of the excitation source 40, and the sixth pin of the relay J1 is connected to the second end of the excitation source 40; the fifth pin of the relay J1 is connected to one end of the first resistor R1 and one end of the second resistor R2, and the other end of the first resistor R1 and the other end of the second resistor R2 are connected to the low level end of the external control unit 100. The high level end and the low level end of the external control unit 100 are connected through the diode D1 to prevent reverse electromotive force from being generated when the circuit is switched.

[0044] For example, the gap between the first conductive row 10 and the second conductive row 30 can be set to be very small, such as 1 mm, or other interval distances, which can be adjusted according to actual conditions, and is not limited herein. A metal sheet made of T2 red copper, silver or other metal materials with a thickness of 0.1 mm is used as the signal fuse 20, which is connected in series between the gap between the first conductive row 10 and the second conductive row 30 through resistance or laser welding process. The length of the signal fuse 20 can be greater than the gap between the first conductive row 10 and the second conductive row 30, and a row of hollow structures is formed on the metal sheet, which only needs to be within the length range of the signal fuse 20, such as a diameter of 1 mm, and the hollow structures can be circular holes, wedge-shaped or other shapes, and a melting point weak part is formed between every two hollow structures to improve the melting speed of the signal fuse 20. Since the thickness of the signal fuse 20 is very thin, and the melting point weak part is very thin, the arc energy generated when the signal fuse 20 melts under abnormal current is small, and arc extinguishing is easier.

[0045] In the normal working state (no external driving signal, i.e. the voltage loaded on L and H is 0), the 2nd pin and the 3rd pin of the relay J1 are interconnected, and the 6th pin and the 7th pin are interconnected to turn on the internal trigger loop, so as to connect the excitation source 40, the current-limiting resistor (the third resistor R3 and the fourth resistor R4), the first conductive row, the signal fuse 20 and the second conductive row. When the abnormal current causes the signal fuse 20 to be blown, a very high arc voltage is generated across the signal fuse 20, so that the excitation source 40 is triggered, and a large amount of high-pressure gas is generated by the explosion of the gunpowder in the excitation source 40, so as to control the intelligent fuse to cut off the main circuit.

[0046] In the embodiment, the external control unit 100 performs a patrol inspection on the excitation source 40 every preset time. In the patrol working condition, the external control unit 100 outputs a first patrol signal to the coil of the relay J1; after the coil of the relay J1 receives the first patrol signal, the switch state is switched to disconnect the main circuit and turn on the external trigger loop, so that the 3rd pin and the 4th pin are interconnected, and the 6th pin and the 5th pin are interconnected, so as to connect the external control unit 100 and the excitation source 40, so that the external control unit 100 can detect the state of the excitation source 40. Specifically, if the external control unit 100 can detect the corresponding detection signal, it is determined that the excitation source 40 is in a normal state and can be triggered at a suitable current; if the external control unit 100 cannot detect the corresponding detection signal or the parameters of the external trigger loop are abnormal, it is determined that the excitation source 40 is in a fault state, and then the fault information is fed back to the electronic device of the relevant personnel. Optionally, after the relay J1 turns on the external trigger loop, the external control unit 100 loads a patrol voltage across the excitation source 40, the first resistor R1 and the second resistor R2, so that the loop resistance of the external trigger loop at this time can also be calculated through the current and the voltage, and the excitation source 40 is determined whether to be damaged and the driving circuit (the third resistor R3 and the fourth resistor R4) is determined whether to be normal according to the loop resistance, that is, the patrol inspection on the excitation source 40 can be realized.

[0047] When in the external trigger working condition, the external control unit 100 first outputs a second inspection signal to the relay J1 to control the relay J1 to switch to the external trigger state; then outputs a trigger voltage to the relay J1, and when the trigger current corresponding to the trigger voltage is greater than the first current threshold and the duration of the trigger current is greater than a preset time, the relay J1 drives the excitation source 40 to trigger. For example, when the excitation source 40 needs to be triggered by the external control unit 100, the external control unit 100 first sends a second inspection signal to the coil of the relay J1, which can be the same as or different from the first inspection signal, as long as the corresponding second inspection current is less than the trigger signal of the excitation source 40; after the coil of the excitation source 40 receives the second inspection signal, the coil magnet is attracted to open the main loop and turn on the external trigger loop; then, the external control unit 100 outputs a trigger voltage (such as 8.4V) to the relay J1 to trigger the excitation source 40; optionally, the duration of the trigger voltage needs to exceed the preset time to ensure that the excitation source 40 can be triggered accurately and avoid false triggering, so as to realize external triggering.

[0048] In addition, a first shielding copper foil is attached to the back of the circuit board 50 and grounded, which can effectively shield the circuit board 50 from electromagnetic radiation, thereby enhancing the radiation interference immunity of the circuit board 50; the housing of the relay J1 is further provided with an isolation layer 52, and a second shielding copper foil is attached to the isolation layer 52 and grounded, thereby enhancing the radiation interference immunity of the relay J1, so that the intelligent fuse in the embodiment can meet the EMC (Electromagnetic Compatibility) related test standards, and improve the long-term reliability of the product under complex working conditions.

[0049] In one possible embodiment, the first current limiting unit is configured to limit the first inspection current corresponding to the first inspection signal or the second inspection current corresponding to the second inspection signal to be less than a second current threshold when the first inspection current or the second inspection current flows through the excitation source 40; and the second current limiting unit is configured to limit the current flowing through the excitation source 40 in the main loop to be less than the second current threshold in the normal state.

[0050] In a specific implementation, the first resistor R1 and the second resistor R2 are arranged in the external trigger circuit to limit the current flowing through the excitation source 40 to not more than 400 mA (i.e. the second current threshold) when the external signal input terminal Vin inputs the inspection signal (e.g. the first inspection signal and the second inspection signal), so as to avoid the risk of false triggering of the excitation source 40; the third resistor R3 and the fourth resistor R4 are arranged to limit the shunt current of the branch where the excitation source 40 is located to not more than 400 mA when the normal current flows in the main circuit, so as to avoid the risk of false triggering of the excitation source 40.

[0051] At a certain moment in the normal state, when the external control circuit inputs the inspection signal (e.g. the first inspection signal and the second inspection signal), the voltage is first loaded to the coil of the relay J1, and according to the action parameters of the relay J1 used, the relay J1 can complete the signal switching after 2-3 ms, at which time the output pins 3 and 6 of the relay J1 are connected to the pins 4 and 5, respectively, and the inspection voltage of 2.3 V is loaded to both ends of the excitation source 40 and the first resistor R1 and the second resistor R2. The resistance values of the first resistor R1 and the second resistor R2 are adjusted so that the current flowing through the excitation source 40 is lower than 400 mA. By detecting the current flowing through the trigger circuit PCB, the current and voltage are calculated to obtain the loop resistance at this moment, and the resistance is used to judge whether the excitation source 40 is damaged and whether the trigger is normal, i.e. the inspection of the loop of the excitation source 40 is realized.

[0052] In a possible embodiment, the single-excitation-source main-passive integrated protection intelligent fuse further comprises a first wire 41 and a second wire 42; the first conductive row 10 or the second conductive row 30 is provided with a first through hole 11, and the circuit board 50 is provided with a second through hole 51; one end of the first wire 41 is welded to the first conductive row 10, and one end of the second wire 42 is welded to the second conductive row 30; after one end of the first wire 41 is welded to the first conductive row 10 and one end of the second wire 42 is welded to the second conductive row 30, the first wire 41 and the second wire 42 are intertwined and then pass through the first through hole 11 and the second through hole 51 in sequence, and the other end of the first wire 41 and the other end of the second wire 42 are connected to the relay J1 through the circuit board 50, respectively.

[0053] The first conductive row 10 and the second conductive row 30 are respectively led out by welding or screwing or crimping, and then the first conductive wire 41 and the second conductive wire 42 are twisted together to form a twisted pair 43, and then the other end of the twisted pair 43 is connected to the leading end of the circuit board 50 by welding. Between the two ends of the twisted pair 43, the first conductive row 10 is provided with a first through hole 11, and the circuit board 50 is provided with a second through hole 51, and the twisted pair 43 is connected to the leading end from the first conductive row 10 and the second conductive row 30 through the first through hole 11 and the second through hole 51 to realize the connection of the relay J1 and the first conductive row 10 and the second conductive row 30.

[0054] Specifically, in the process of the twisted pair 43 from the first conductive row 10 and the second conductive row 30 to the circuit board 50, the path thereof avoids the impact path of the impact piece 60 to avoid the deviation of the impact path.

[0055] Because the signal fuse 20, the first conductive wire 41, the second conductive wire 42 and the leading end of the circuit board 50 also constitute a coil, the connecting wire here adopts a multi-core shielded twisted pair to increase the radiation shielding capability of the twisted pair 43, and the first conductive wire 41 and the second conductive wire 42 are wound together to reduce the area of the coil, so that the twisted pair 43 can more easily avoid the impact path.

[0056] In a possible embodiment, the regions corresponding to the plurality of pins are filled with a first insulating glue layer 53, and the first insulating glue layer 53 is filled after the plurality of pins are subjected to a vacuum extraction treatment.

[0057] In a specific implementation, when the signal fuse 20 is melted due to an abnormal current, an arc is generated between the broken parts of the fuse, and the arc voltage is very high, which can test the insulation capability of the relay J1 in the trigger circuit. The insulation treatment mode of the plurality of pins is that the relay J1 is connected to high voltage and low voltage at the same time, so a relay J1 with high dielectric withstand voltage (between the coil and the contact, between the open contacts, and between the contact groups) and high surge voltage needs to be selected; at the same time, the relay J1 is subjected to a vacuum extraction treatment and a first insulating glue layer 53 is filled between the welding pins to strengthen the insulation capability between the high voltage and the low voltage; further, the exposed welding points on the back of the circuit board 50 are provided with a second insulating glue layer to further enhance the insulation capability. The first insulating glue layer 53 and the second insulating glue layer can be epoxy resin, silicon gel or other insulating materials, and are not limited to be unique.

[0058] In a possible embodiment, please refer to Figures 2a to 5The single excitation source's main and passive integrated protection intelligent fuse further comprises an arc extinguishing fuse 70; the first conducting row 10 is provided with a first cutting area 12, the second conducting row 30 is provided with a second cutting area 13, and the signal fuse 20 is arranged between the first cutting area 12 and the second cutting area 13; the second conducting row 30 is provided with a cutting weak part 31 (such as Figure 2a and Figure 4 the dashed box part); one end of the arc extinguishing fuse 70 is connected to the first cutting area 12 away from the signal fuse 20, and the other end of the arc extinguishing fuse 70 is connected to the cutting weak part 31 away from the signal fuse 20; or, one end of the arc extinguishing fuse 70 is connected to the cutting weak part 31 close to the signal fuse 20, and the other end of the arc extinguishing fuse 70 is connected to the cutting weak part 31 away from the signal fuse 20.

[0059] Further, the intelligent fuse further comprises an impact piece 60; the impact piece 60 comprises a first base plate 61, a first impact end extends from a first end face 62 of the first base plate 61, and a second impact end extends from a second end face 62 of the first base plate 61; the first impact end is provided with at least two first cutting pieces 63, and the at least two first cutting pieces 63 are used to cut the first cutting area 12 and the second cutting area 13 when the impact piece 60 is pushed by high-pressure gas after being triggered by the excitation source 40; the second impact end is provided with at least one second cutting piece 64 (only two second cutting pieces 64 are shown as an example, but it can be understood that one second cutting piece 64 can also realize the corresponding function), and the at least one second cutting piece 64 is used to cut the cutting weak part 31 when the impact piece 60 is pushed by high-pressure gas after being triggered by the excitation source 40. Figures 2a to 5

[0060] In specific implementation, reference is made to Figure 1 , Figure 2a and Figure 3 In a normal state, current flows through the first conducting row 10, the signal fuse 20 and the second conducting row 30, and in the arc extinguishing fuse 70 branch, since the resistance value is much larger than the resistance of the second conducting row 30, the current hardly flows through the arc extinguishing fuse 70.

[0061] ​For example, the length of the first cutting member 63 is greater than the length of the second cutting member 64. When the external control circuit has no input voltage at a certain moment in the normal state, and a large abnormal current suddenly occurs in the main circuit, the signal fuse 20 is melted under the action of the abnormal large current, and an arc is generated during the melting process. At this time, the arc voltage generated by the melting of the signal fuse 20 is sufficient to trigger the excitation source 40, so that the internal explosive powder of the excitation source 40 explodes and releases a large amount of gas, thereby generating a large pressure in the closed cavity and driving the impact member 60 to move downward. Because the at least one second cutting member 64 is tightly pressed against the cutting weak part 31, the second conductive row 30 is quickly cut off, the arc current flows through the arc extinguishing fuse 70, and the at least two first cutting members 63 subsequently fall onto the first cutting area 12 and the second cutting area 13, thereby cutting off the signal fuse 20 from the first conductive row 10 and the second conductive row 30 and completely disconnecting the main circuit. Moreover, because the signal fuse 20 and the cutting weak part 31 are far apart, a sufficient insulation distance can be formed on the main circuit, and the arc current is extinguished under the cooling action of the arc extinguishing material after the arc extinguishing fuse 70 is melted, thereby achieving safety protection. Furthermore, the second cutting member 64 is tightly pressed against the cutting weak part 31, so that the cutting speed can be improved when the abnormal large current is generated, and the overall response speed of the intelligent fuse is improved.

[0062] In one possible embodiment, the cutting weak part 31 includes at least one cutting weak area, and the number of the second cutting members 64 is the same as the number of the cutting weak areas 32. That is, when the cutting weak area 32 is one, the second cutting member 64 is also one; when the cutting weak area 32 is multiple, the second cutting member 64 is also multiple. The second cutting member 64 corresponds to the cutting weak area 32 one by one and is tightly pressed against the corresponding cutting weak area 32.

[0063] For example, the length of the first cutting member 63 can also be less than the length of the second cutting member 64. In this way, the signal fuse 20 can be cut off first, and then the cutting weak part 31 and the arc extinguishing fuse 70 can be cut off by the second cutting member 64. The selection can be made according to the actual situation, and is not limited herein.

[0064] In one possible embodiment, the upper end of the impact member 60 forms a concave cavity 65, and a closed space is formed between the concave cavity 65 and the excitation source 40. Therefore, after the explosive powder in the excitation source 40 explodes, a large amount of gas is released in the closed space, thereby generating a pressure and driving the impact member 60 to move along the impact path.

[0065] In a possible embodiment, the smart fuse further comprises a clamping piece 81; the clamping piece 81 is arranged below the signal fuse 20 and clamped on the arc extinguishing fuse 70; after the at least two first cutting pieces 63 cut off the first cutting area 12 and the second cutting area 13, impact continues to be applied to the clamping piece 81 to push the clamping piece 81 to cut off the first clamped area of the arc extinguishing fuse 70; or the clamping piece 81 is arranged below the cutting weak part 31 and clamped on the arc extinguishing fuse 70; after the at least one second cutting piece 64 cuts off the cutting weak part 31, impact continues to be applied to the clamping piece 81 to push the clamping piece 81 to cut off the second clamped area of the arc extinguishing fuse 70; or the clamping piece 81 comprises a first sub-clamping piece 811 and a second sub-clamping piece 812; the first sub-clamping piece 811 is arranged below the signal fuse 20 and clamped on the arc extinguishing fuse 70, and the second sub-clamping piece 812 is arranged below the cutting weak part 31 and clamped on the arc extinguishing fuse 70; after the at least two first cutting pieces 63 cut off the first cutting area 12 and the second cutting area 13, impact continues to be applied to the clamping piece 81 to push the clamping piece 81 to cut off the first clamped area of the arc extinguishing fuse 70; after the at least one second cutting piece 64 cuts off the cutting weak part 31, impact continues to be applied to the second sub-clamping piece 812 to push the second sub-clamping piece 812 to cut off the second clamped area of the arc extinguishing fuse 70.

[0066] In a specific implementation, referring to Figure 4 and Figure 5 , the first end of the arc extinguishing fuse 70 is connected in parallel to the front end of the cutting weak part in the first conductive row 10 (i.e., the end away from the signal fuse 20), and the second end of the arc extinguishing fuse 70 is connected in parallel to the rear end of the cutting weak part in the second conductive row 30 (i.e., the end away from the signal fuse 20), so that the signal fuse 20 and the cutting weak part 31 are both connected in parallel to the arc extinguishing fuse 70; under normal circumstances, the overall resistance of the signal fuse 20 and the second conductive row 30 and the cutting weak part 31 is much smaller than the resistance of the arc extinguishing fuse 70, and the current basically does not flow through the arc extinguishing fuse 70.

[0067] The two impact ends (the first impact end and the second impact end) of the impact piece 60 are arranged above, and the heights of the two impact ends can be equal or not equal. For example, Figure 5As shown, a clamping piece 81 is arranged on the arc-extinguishing melt 70 below any one of the first impact end and the second impact end, and the arc-extinguishing melt 70 is clamped. When the impact end moves downward to a certain position, the clamping piece 81 is driven to move downward at the same time, so as to cut off the arc-extinguishing melt 70, so that the main circuit can be completely disconnected when the external signal triggers the excitation source 40 to act under low current.

[0068] It can be understood that the clamping piece 81 can also be arranged below both the first impact end and the second impact end to clamp the arc-extinguishing melt 70, that is, two clamping pieces 81 are arranged to ensure that the arc-extinguishing melt 70 can be completely cut off.

[0069] In a possible embodiment, when two first cutting-off pieces 63 are arranged on the first impact end, a first groove 66 is arranged between the two first cutting-off pieces 63; when the impact piece 60 is driven by high-pressure gas to move the first cutting-off piece 63 and the second cutting-off piece 64 to the first cutting-off area 12 and the second cutting-off area 13 respectively, the signal melt 20 is embedded in the first groove 66.

[0070] In a specific implementation, the first groove 66 is arranged to be adapted to the signal melt 20, so that the signal melt 20 can be wrapped when the impact piece 60 cuts off the two conductive rows, and displacement of the signal melt 20 is avoided to form unnecessary arc, and arc-extinguishing efficiency is ensured.

[0071] Specifically, the shape of the first groove 66 can also be larger than the size of the signal melt 20, and only needs to wrap the signal melt 20, which is not limited to be unique. The specific shape of the first groove 66 can be adjusted according to actual production conditions, such as a hemispherical shape, a square shape, etc., which is not limited to be unique.

[0072] In a possible embodiment, the intelligent fuse further includes an arc-extinguishing structure 80 arranged below the second conductive row 30; the arc-extinguishing structure 80 includes a base, a support part 82 extending from one end of the base in a direction towards the second conductive row 30, and the support part 82 is arranged at one end of the cutting-off weak part 31 close to the signal melt 20; when the cutting-off weak part 31 is cut off by the at least one second cutting-off piece 64, the one end of the cutting-off weak part 31 close to the signal melt 20 is supported, so that the two ends of the cutting-off weak part 31 cut off by the at least one second cutting-off piece 64 are quickly separated.

[0073] In a specific implementation, the support part 82 is arranged to be adapted to the cutting-off weak part 31, so that the cutting-off weak part 31 can be supported when the cutting-off weak part 31 is cut off by the at least one second cutting-off piece 64. Figure 6, a second conductive row 30 is provided with a cutting weak area 32 and a bending weak area 33, and the second impact end of the impact piece 60 is on the impact path of the cutting weak area 32. An arc extinguishing structure 80 is arranged in the space below the second conductive row 30. The arc extinguishing structure 80 is first pre-pressed into a specific shape by a wire mesh, preferably a stainless steel wire mesh, and then installed in the arc extinguishing chamber below the second conductive row 30. Further, the arc extinguishing structure 80 can be further soaked and cured with silicone glue, melamine formaldehyde resin solution, etc. after being pressed into shape, and then installed in the arc extinguishing chamber to improve the arc extinguishing effect. When the excitation source 40 is triggered, the impact piece 60 moves along the impact path, and after the second impact end breaks the corresponding cutting weak area 32, it continues to move along the impact path, bends the second conductive row 30 along the bending weak area 33 to one side, and the arc generated by the melting of the second conductive row 30 is blown to the arc extinguishing structure 80 made of a wire mesh in the arc extinguishing chamber, and the arc is extinguished by cooling through the arc extinguishing structure 80; the soaked wire mesh can also increase the arc extinguishing effect by the principle of decomposition and gas production of the soaking material, and improve the breaking capacity of the product.

[0074] In one possible embodiment, with reference to Figure 7 , the first conductive row 10, the signal fuse 20 and the second conductive row 30 are all formed on the same metal conductor by stamping, thinning and other processes to reduce the process difficulty and the wider adaptability of the product. First, a section of metal conductor is formed into two first cutting areas 12 and at least two cutting weak areas 32 at a specific position by stamping process, and the thickness required by the signal fuse 20 is made by mechanical thinning method between the two first cutting areas 12, and then the narrow neck 21 of the signal fuse 20 is obtained by punching. It can be understood that when two or more cutting weak areas 32 are provided on the second conductive row 30, the narrow neck 21 required by the conductive row fuse M1 can also be obtained by punching at the position of at least one cutting weak area 32 in the middle.

[0075] In this embodiment, on the one hand, the first conductive row 10, the signal fuse 20 and the second conductive row 30 are all formed on the same metal conductor, which reduces the contact resistance in the welding process and improves the reliability of the product;

[0076] On the other hand, the signal fuse 20 and the conductive row fuse M1 can be designed to have the characteristics of melting at different currents, for example, the signal fuse 20 melts at a smaller abnormal current, at which time the input energy is small and the arc is easy to extinguish, and when there is a larger abnormal current, the signal fuse 20 and the conductive row fuse M1 almost melt at the same time, which instantaneously increases the distance between the breaking points, which is more conducive to the extinction of high-energy density arc.

[0077] Although the present application has been disclosed in its preferred form, it is to be understood that numerous additions, substitutions and modifications can be made therein by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit and scope of the application as defined by the appended claims.

Claims

1. A single-excitation-source integrated active and passive protection intelligent fuse, characterized in that, It includes a first conductive bus, a signal fuse, a second conductive bus, a circuit board, a relay, an arc-extinguishing fuse, an impact component, and an excitation source; The circuit board is provided with the relay and the excitation source. The relay is connected to the external control unit, the excitation source, the first busbar and the second busbar respectively. The first busbar, the signal fuse and the second busbar are connected in sequence. The relay is provided with an isolation layer, which is used to shield the relay from crosstalk caused by external voltage. After the multiple pins of the relay are soldered onto the circuit board, the multiple pins are insulated from each other. During the inspection process, the external control unit outputs a first inspection signal to the relay to control the relay to switch to the inspection state and to feed back the status of the excitation source to the external control unit. The first conductive bus has a first cutting area, the second conductive bus has a second cutting area, and the signal fusible element is disposed between the first cutting area and the second cutting area; the second conductive bus has a cutting weak section. One end of the arc-extinguishing melt is connected to the end of the first cutting region away from the signal melt, and the other end of the arc-extinguishing melt is connected to the end of the cutting weak portion away from the signal melt; or, one end of the arc-extinguishing melt is connected to the end of the cutting weak portion close to the signal melt, and the other end of the arc-extinguishing melt is connected to the end of the cutting weak portion away from the signal melt. The impact member includes a first substrate, a first impact end extending from a first end based on a first end face of the first substrate, and a second impact end extending from a second end based on a second end face of the first substrate; The first impact end is provided with at least two first cutting elements, which are used to cut off the first cutting area and the second cutting area when the impact element is pushed by high-pressure gas after being triggered by the excitation source; The second impact end is provided with at least one second cutting element, which is used to cut off the cutting weak part when the impact element is pushed by high-pressure gas after being triggered by the excitation source.

2. The single-excitation-source active-passive integrated protection intelligent fuse according to claim 1, characterized in that, It also includes a first conductor and a second conductor; a first through hole is formed on the first conductive bar or the second conductive bar, and a second through hole is formed on the circuit board; One end of the first wire is soldered to the first conductive busbar, and one end of the second wire is soldered to the second conductive busbar; After one end of the first wire is soldered to the first conductive busbar and one end of the second wire is soldered to the second conductive busbar, the first wire and the second wire are twisted together and then passed through the first through hole and the second through hole in sequence. The other ends of the twisted first wire and the other ends of the second wire are respectively connected to the relay through the circuit board.

3. The single-excitation-source integrated active and passive protection intelligent fuse according to claim 2, characterized in that, When in an externally triggered operating condition, the external control unit first outputs a second inspection signal to the relay to control the relay to switch to the externally triggered state; Then, a trigger voltage is output to the relay, and when the trigger current corresponding to the trigger voltage is greater than the first current threshold and the duration of the trigger current is greater than a preset time, the relay drives the excitation source to trigger.

4. The single-excitation-source integrated active and passive protection intelligent fuse according to claim 3, characterized in that, It also includes a first current limiting unit and a second current limiting unit; the first current limiting unit is used to limit the first inspection current or the second inspection current corresponding to the first inspection signal or the second inspection current corresponding to the second inspection signal to less than a second current threshold when the excitation source flows through the excitation source; the second current limiting unit is used to limit the current flowing through the excitation source in the main circuit to less than the second current threshold when the excitation source is in normal state.

5. The single-excitation-source integrated active and passive protection intelligent fuse according to claim 4, characterized in that, The areas corresponding to the plurality of pins are encapsulated with a first insulating adhesive layer, which is applied after vacuuming the plurality of pins.

6. The single-excitation-source active-passive integrated protection intelligent fuse according to claim 5, characterized in that, It also includes clamping components; The clamping member is positioned below the signal melt and clamps onto the arc-extinguishing melt; after the at least two first cutting members cut the first cutting area and the second cutting area, the clamping member continues to impact the signal melt to push it to break off the first clamped area of ​​the arc-extinguishing melt; or... The clamping member is positioned below the weak cutting portion and clamps the arc-extinguishing melt; after the at least one second cutting member cuts the weak cutting portion, it continues to impact the clamping member to push the clamping member to break the second clamped area of ​​the arc-extinguishing melt; or... The clamping member includes a first sub-clamping member and a second sub-clamping member; the first sub-clamping member is disposed below the signal melt and clamps the arc-extinguishing melt, and the second sub-clamping member is disposed below the cutting weak portion and clamps the arc-extinguishing melt; after the at least two first cutting members cut the first cutting area and the second cutting area, they continue to impact the clamping member to push the clamping member to break the first clamped area of ​​the arc-extinguishing melt; after the at least one second cutting member cuts the cutting weak portion, they continue to impact the second sub-clamping member to push the second sub-clamping member to break the second clamped area of ​​the arc-extinguishing melt.

7. The single-excitation-source integrated active and passive protection intelligent fuse according to claim 5, characterized in that, When two first cutting elements are provided on the first impact end, a first groove is provided between the two first cutting elements; When the impactor is pushed by high-pressure gas, causing the first cutting element and the second cutting element to move to the first cutting area and the second cutting area respectively, the signal melt is embedded in the first groove.

8. The single-excitation-source active-passive integrated protection intelligent fuse according to any one of claims 1-7, characterized in that, It also includes an arc-extinguishing structure disposed below the second conductive busbar; the arc-extinguishing structure includes a base, and a support portion extends from one end of the base toward the second conductive busbar and the support portion is disposed at the end of the cutting weak portion near the signal melt. When the weak section is cut by the at least one second cutting member, the end of the weak section near the signal melt is supported so that the two ends of the weak section being cut are quickly separated.

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