A test system and test method for an ammonia fuel cell

Abstract

The application relates to the technical field of new energy testing, and discloses a testing system and a testing method for an ammonia fuel cell, which comprises a gas supply module configured to supply gas to the ammonia fuel cell to be tested; a water storage wetting module connected with the gas supply module, the water storage weting module being configured to wet-process ammonia gas and air; an electrochemical testing module connected with the water storage wetting module, the electrochemical testing module being configured to test the electrochemical performance of the ammonia fuel cell to be tested and obtain testing data of the ammonia fuel cell to be tested; an ammonia gas processing module connected with the electrochemical testing module; a temperature control module configured to control the temperature of the gas supply module, the water storage wetting module and the electrochemical testing module; and a control module configured to control the testing system. The application improves the reliability and accuracy of testing.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of new energy testing, in particular to a test system and test method for an ammonia fuel cell. BACKGROUND

[0002] Hydrogen energy, as an ideal clean energy carrier, has attracted much attention due to its high energy density and zero carbon emission. However, during its storage and transportation, it still faces technical challenges and safety risks under high pressure or low temperature conditions. Ammonia (NH3), as a carbon-free hydrogen carrier, has become a key candidate in the hydrogen energy replacement path due to its high energy density (about 5.2 kWh / kg), relatively high liquefaction temperature (-33℃, 0.1 MPa), and the ability to achieve efficient liquefaction at room temperature and pressure. Ammonia is easy to store and transport in large quantities, and the world has a mature ammonia production and distribution system, laying a practical foundation for its widespread application in the energy field. As a fuel, ammonia can not only be used to produce hydrogen through cracking, but also be used directly in fuel cells for power generation.

[0003] Ammonia fuel cell (AFC) is an electrochemical device that uses ammonia as fuel. It converts the chemical energy in ammonia molecules directly into electrical energy through electrochemical reactions. Compared with traditional hydrogen fuel cells, ammonia fuel cells can utilize the existing global ammonia production and distribution network, thereby reducing the cost and technical barriers of large-scale application, avoiding the difficulties of hydrogen storage and transportation, and showing broad application prospects. However, the research and commercialization of ammonia fuel cells still face many challenges, one of which is the lack of a dedicated test system for ammonia fuel cells. Currently, researchers usually use modified hydrogen fuel cell test systems to test ammonia fuel cells, but this approach has many shortcomings:

[0004] (1) There are significant differences in physical and chemical properties between ammonia and hydrogen. Ammonia has a strong irritating odor, is toxic, and has strong corrosive properties, while hydrogen is colorless and odorless, is flammable and explosive, has a small molecular weight, and diffuses quickly. These differences result in completely different requirements for gas handling, safety protection, and material selection, and long-term use may cause system damage.

[0005] (2) The reaction mechanism of ammonia fuel cells is different from that of hydrogen fuel cells. The anode reaction of ammonia fuel cells is: while the anode reaction of hydrogen fuel cells is: This difference requires corresponding adjustments to test parameters and evaluation indicators.

[0006] (3) Ammonia fuel cells generally require higher operating temperatures (typically > 60℃) to improve ammonia oxidation kinetics, and tests for catalyst poisoning and membrane degradation are more critical, which requires a more precise temperature control and more comprehensive performance evaluation function of the test system.

[0007] (4) The humidification requirements of ammonia gas are different from those of hydrogen gas, and the humidification device in the existing hydrogen fuel cell test system cannot meet the special humidification requirements of ammonia gas, resulting in inaccurate or unstable test results.

[0008] Therefore, it is necessary to design a test system and test method for ammonia fuel cells to solve the problems existing in the current technology. SUMMARY

[0009] In view of this, the present application provides a test system and test method for ammonia fuel cells, aiming to solve the problem of insufficient ammonia fuel cell test system in the current technology.

[0010] In one aspect, the present application provides a test system for ammonia fuel cells, comprising:

[0011] A gas supply module configured to provide gas to the ammonia fuel cell to be tested; wherein the gas comprises ammonia, air and nitrogen;

[0012] A water storage humidification module connected to the gas supply module, the water storage humidification module being configured to humidify the ammonia and air;

[0013] An electrochemical test module connected to the water storage humidification module, the electrochemical test module being configured to perform electrochemical performance tests on the ammonia fuel cell to be tested and obtain test data of the ammonia fuel cell to be tested;

[0014] An ammonia gas treatment module connected to the electrochemical test module, the ammonia gas treatment module being configured to treat ammonia in the exhaust gas generated after testing the ammonia fuel cell to be tested;

[0015] A temperature control module connected to the gas supply module, water storage humidification module and electrochemical test module, the temperature control module being configured to control the temperature of the gas supply module, water storage humidification module and electrochemical test module;

[0016] A control module configured to control the test system.

[0017] Compared with the prior art, the test system for the ammonia fuel cell provided by the application can accurately control the supply of ammonia, air and nitrogen through the gas supply module, meet the specific requirements for the gas in the ammonia fuel cell test process, and ensure that the ammonia and air are properly wetted before entering the electrochemical test module, thereby improving the accuracy and stability of the test. The electrochemical test module can comprehensively evaluate the electrochemical performance of the ammonia fuel cell to be tested and collect key test data. The ammonia gas treatment module is used for safely and efficiently treating the waste gas generated in the test process, avoiding harm to the environment and personnel. The temperature control module ensures that the entire test system operates in a suitable temperature range, thereby improving the reliability and accuracy of the test. The control module serves as the command center of the entire system, realizes accurate control and coordination of each module, and ensures the smooth progress of the test process.

[0018] In another aspect, the application further provides a test method for an ammonia fuel cell, comprising the following steps:

[0019] S100: setting the test system to an initial state;

[0020] S200: setting test parameters; wherein the test parameters include ammonia flow, air flow, anode water tank temperature, cathode water tank temperature and cell temperature of the ammonia fuel cell to be tested;

[0021] S300: preheating the test system according to the set temperature;

[0022] S400: starting the water storage and wetting module to wet the ammonia and air;

[0023] S500: performing cell performance test on the ammonia fuel cell to be tested according to the test scheme;

[0024] S600: collecting test data of the ammonia fuel cell to be tested in real time and analyzing the test data; wherein the test data includes cell voltage, current, power, temperature and gas flow of the ammonia fuel cell to be tested;

[0025] S700: collecting ammonia concentration and system temperature of the test system and comparing them with the safety range respectively, and if the safety range is exceeded, automatically starting the protection mechanism;

[0026] S800: after the test is completed, replacing the gas in the test system with nitrogen and closing the temperature control module.

[0027] It can be understood that the test system and test method for the ammonia fuel cell have the same beneficial effects, which will not be described here. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0028] Various other advantages and benefits will become apparent to those of ordinary skill in the art upon reading the following detailed description of the preferred embodiments. The detailed description is made with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0029] Figure 1 A structural block diagram of a test system for an ammonia fuel cell according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0030] Figure 2 A structural schematic diagram of a test system for an ammonia fuel cell according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0031] Figure 3 A flowchart of a test method for an ammonia fuel cell according to an embodiment of the present application.

[0032] In the figure: 100, gas supply module; 111, ammonia gas supply main pipeline; 1111, ammonia gas cylinder; 1112, ammonia gas plug valve; 1113, ammonia gas filter; 1114, ammonia gas pneumatic valve; 1115, first ammonia gas electric valve; 1116, first ammonia gas check valve; 1117, ammonia gas dryer; 1118, second ammonia gas check valve; 112, ammonia gas supply branch pipeline; 1121, second ammonia gas electric valve; 121, air supply main pipeline; 1211, air cylinder; 1212, air filter; 1213, air pneumatic valve; 1214, first air electric valve; 1215, first air check valve; 1216, air dryer; 1217, second air check valve; 122, air supply branch pipeline; 1221, second air electric valve; 131, nitrogen gas supply main pipeline; 1311, nitrogen gas cylinder; 1312, nitrogen gas plug valve; 1313, nitrogen gas filter; 1314, nitrogen gas pneumatic valve; 132, nitrogen gas supply branch pipeline; 1321, first nitrogen gas branch pipeline; 13211, first nitrogen gas electric valve; 13212, first nitrogen gas check valve; 1322, second nitrogen gas branch pipeline; 13221, second nitrogen gas electric valve; 13222, nitrogen gas flow controller; 13223, second nitrogen gas check valve; 200, water storage wetting module; 211, water supply main pipeline; 2111, signal valve; 2112, water filter; 2113, hydraulic pump; 2121, first water supply branch pipeline; 2122, second water supply branch pipeline; 2123, water electric valve; 2124, water check valve; 220, cathode water storage tank; 221, cathode electric valve; 230, anode water storage tank; 231, anode electric valve; 300, electrochemical test module; 310, ammonia fuel cell to be tested; 400, ammonia gas treatment module; 411, anode exhaust pipeline; 412, anode exhaust treatment device; 413, anode internal water tank; 414, anode automatic back pressure valve; 415, anode external water tank; 416, pulse discharge valve; 417, first anode water pipeline; 4171, first treatment electric valve; 418, second anode water pipeline; 4181, second treatment electric valve; 419, anode absorption liquid collection device; 421, cathode treatment pipeline; 422, cathode exhaust treatment device; 423, cathode internal water tank; 424, cathode automatic back pressure valve; 425, cathode external water tank; 426, first cathode water pipeline; 4261, third treatment electric valve; 427, second cathode water pipeline; 4271, fourth treatment electric valve; 428, cathode absorption liquid collection device; 500, temperature control module; 600, control module. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0033] Exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure will now be described in more detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. While exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure are shown in the drawings, it should be understood that the present disclosure may be implemented in various forms and should not be limited to the embodiments set forth herein. Rather, these embodiments are provided to enable a more thorough understanding of the present disclosure and to fully convey the scope of the disclosure to those skilled in the art. It should be noted that, unless otherwise specified, embodiments and features in the embodiments of the present invention can be combined with each other. The present invention will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0034] See Figures 1-2 As shown in some embodiments of this application, this embodiment provides a testing system for ammonia fuel cells, including:

[0035] The gas supply module 100 is configured to supply gas to the ammonia fuel cell 310 under test; wherein the gas includes ammonia, air and nitrogen.

[0036] The water storage and wetting module 200 is connected to the gas supply module 100, and the water storage and wetting module 200 is configured to wet ammonia and air.

[0037] The electrochemical testing module 300 is connected to the water storage and wetting module 200. The electrochemical testing module 300 is configured to perform electrochemical performance testing on the ammonia fuel cell 310 under test and obtain test data of the ammonia fuel cell 310 under test.

[0038] The ammonia treatment module 400 is connected to the electrochemical testing module 300. The ammonia treatment module 400 is configured to treat the ammonia in the exhaust gas generated after the ammonia fuel cell 310 under test is tested.

[0039] Temperature control module 500 is connected to gas supply module 100, water storage and wetting module 200 and electrochemical testing module 300. Temperature control module 500 is configured to control the temperature of gas supply module 100, water storage and wetting module 200 and electrochemical testing module 300.

[0040] The control module 600 is configured to control the test system.

[0041] In this embodiment, the temperature control module 500 includes a water tank heater, a pipeline heater, and a battery temperature controller. The water tank heater uses an external heating element with a power of 500W, which can control the water tank temperature within the range of 30-95℃. The pipeline heater uses a wound heating element with a power of 200W, ensuring that the gas does not condense during transmission. The battery temperature controller uses a closed-loop control system composed of a heating plate and a temperature sensor, which can control the battery temperature within the range of room temperature to 100℃, with a control accuracy of ±1℃.

[0042] In the embodiment, the control module 600 adopts an industrial computer and a special control software to realize the automatic control and data acquisition of the whole test system. The control software has a friendly user interface, which can set test parameters, monitor system status, display test data and generate test reports. The control unit also includes a remote monitoring function, which can remotely monitor the system status through the network and send an alarm in abnormal conditions.

[0043] In the embodiment, the test system has a size of 500 mm in width, 700 mm in length and 800 mm in height, and weighs 110 kg. The power requirement is single-phase 220V 15A (50Hz), and the working environment temperature is 10-40℃, and the relative humidity is 20-80%.

[0044] It can be understood that the test system for ammonia fuel cell provided in the embodiment can accurately control the supply of ammonia, air and nitrogen through the gas supply module 100, meet the specific requirements of the gas in the ammonia fuel cell test process. The water storage and wetting module 200 ensures that the ammonia and air are properly wetted before entering the electrochemical test module 300, thereby improving the accuracy and stability of the test. The electrochemical test module 300 can comprehensively evaluate the electrochemical performance of the ammonia fuel cell 310 to be tested and collect key test data. The ammonia gas treatment module 400 is used for safe and efficient treatment of waste gas generated during the test process to avoid harm to the environment and personnel. The temperature control module 500 ensures that the whole test system operates in a suitable temperature range, thereby improving the reliability and accuracy of the test. The control module 600 as the command center of the whole system realizes accurate control and coordination of each module, ensuring the smooth progress of the test process.

[0045] Specifically, the gas supply module 100 includes an ammonia gas supply pipeline, an air supply pipeline and a nitrogen gas supply pipeline; wherein the nitrogen gas supply pipeline is in communication with the ammonia gas supply pipeline and the air supply pipeline.

[0046] It can be understood that the ammonia gas supply pipeline is connected to the ammonia gas cylinder 1111 and is equipped with a pressure regulator to adjust the ammonia gas pressure to 0.3-0.5MPa; the air supply pipeline is connected to the air cylinder 1211 and is also equipped with a pressure regulator; the nitrogen gas supply pipeline is used for system purging and gas replacement in emergency. All gas pipelines are made of 316L stainless steel material, and the joints are designed with a special anti-leakage structure.

[0047] Specifically, the ammonia gas supply pipeline includes an ammonia gas supply main pipeline 111 and an ammonia gas supply branch pipeline 112, one end of the ammonia gas supply main pipeline 111 is connected to the ammonia gas cylinder 1111, and the other end of the ammonia gas supply main pipeline 111 is in communication with the ammonia gas supply branch pipeline 112;

[0048] The ammonia supply main pipeline 111 is provided with, in sequence along the ammonia flow direction, an ammonia plug valve 1112, an ammonia filter 1113, an ammonia pneumatic valve 1114, a first ammonia electric valve 1115, a first ammonia check valve 1116, an ammonia dryer 1117, and a second ammonia check valve 1118.

[0049] The ammonia supply branch pipeline 112 includes a first ammonia branch pipeline and a second ammonia branch pipeline arranged in parallel. The first ammonia branch pipeline and the second ammonia branch pipeline are both provided with a second ammonia electric valve 1121.

[0050] In this embodiment, the flow directions of the first ammonia check valve 1116 and the second ammonia check valve 1118 are the same as the ammonia flow direction.

[0051] It can be understood that the ammonia supply main pipeline 111 ensures that ammonia is stably and safely delivered from the ammonia cylinder 1111 to the test system. The ammonia plug valve 1112, as a main control valve, can conveniently open or close the ammonia supply, facilitating the start-up and shutdown operation of the system. The ammonia filter 1113 is used to remove impurities and particulate matter in the ammonia, ensuring that the ammonia entering the system is pure and uncontaminated. The ammonia pneumatic valve 1114 and the first ammonia electric valve 1115 provide double control, ensuring that the ammonia supply can be accurately adjusted according to the set flow rate and pressure. The first ammonia check valve 1116 and the second ammonia check valve 1118 are provided to effectively prevent the backflow of ammonia in the pipeline, ensuring the stable operation of the system. The ammonia dryer 1117 is used to remove moisture from the ammonia, preventing corrosion and interference of moisture on the test system. The second ammonia electric valve 1121 controls the on-off of the first ammonia branch pipeline and the second ammonia branch pipeline, respectively, and can flexibly adjust the ammonia supply path according to the test requirements.

[0052] Specifically, the air supply pipeline includes an air supply main pipeline 121 and an air supply branch pipeline 122. One end of the air supply main pipeline 121 is connected with an air cylinder 1211, and the other end of the air supply main pipeline 121 is in communication with the air supply branch pipeline 122.

[0053] The air supply main pipeline 121 is provided with, in sequence along the air flow direction, an air filter 1212, an air pneumatic valve 1213, a first air electric valve 1214, a first air check valve 1215, an air dryer 1216, and a first air check valve 1215.

[0054] The air supply branch pipeline 122 includes a first air branch pipeline and a second air branch pipeline arranged in parallel. The first air branch pipeline and the second air branch pipeline are both provided with a second air electric valve 1221.

[0055] In the present embodiment, the first air one-way valve 1215 and the first air one-way valve 1215 are in the same direction of air flow.

[0056] It can be understood that the air supply main pipeline 121 ensures that the air is stably and safely delivered from the air cylinder 1211 to the test system. The air filter 1212 is used to remove impurities and particulate matters in the air, ensuring that the air entering the system is pure and pollution-free. The air pneumatic valve 1213 and the first air electric valve 1214 provide double control, ensuring that the supply of air can be accurately adjusted according to the set flow rate and pressure. The first air one-way valve 1215 and the second air one-way valve 1217 are arranged to effectively prevent the backflow of air in the pipeline, ensuring the stable operation of the system. The air dryer 1216 is used to remove moisture in the air to prevent corrosion and interference of moisture on the test system. The second air electric valve 1221 controls the opening and closing of the first air branch pipeline and the second air branch pipeline, respectively, and can flexibly adjust the air supply path according to the test requirements.

[0057] Specifically, the nitrogen supply pipeline includes a nitrogen supply main pipeline 131 and a nitrogen supply branch pipeline 132, one end of the nitrogen supply main pipeline 131 is connected with a nitrogen cylinder 1311, and the other end of the nitrogen supply main pipeline 131 is in communication with the nitrogen supply branch pipeline 132;

[0058] Among them, the nitrogen supply main pipeline 131 is sequentially provided with a nitrogen plug valve 1312, a nitrogen filter 1313 and a nitrogen pneumatic valve 1314 along the direction of nitrogen flow;

[0059] The nitrogen supply branch pipeline 132 includes a first nitrogen branch pipeline 1321 and a second nitrogen branch pipeline 1322 arranged in parallel; one end of the first nitrogen branch pipeline 1321 is in communication with the ammonia supply main pipeline 111 between the first ammonia one-way valve 1116 and the ammonia dryer 1117, and the other end of the first nitrogen branch pipeline 1321 is in communication with the air supply main pipeline 121 between the first air one-way valve 1215 and the air dryer 1216; one end of the second nitrogen branch pipeline 1322 is in communication with the ammonia supply main pipeline 111 between the second ammonia one-way valve 1118 and the second ammonia electric valve 1121, and the other end of the second nitrogen branch pipeline 1322 is in communication with the air supply main pipeline 121 between the second air one-way valve 1217 and the second air electric valve 1221.

[0060] It can be understood that the nitrogen supply pipeline is mainly used for system purging and gas replacement in emergency situations to ensure the safety and reliability of the test system. The nitrogen plug valve 1312 serves as the main control valve, which can conveniently open or close the nitrogen supply. The nitrogen filter 1313 is used to remove impurities and particulate matter in the nitrogen to ensure that the nitrogen entering the system is pure and uncontaminated. The nitrogen pneumatic valve 1314 is set so that the nitrogen supply can be accurately controlled according to the set conditions. The parallel design of the first nitrogen branch pipeline 1321 and the second nitrogen branch pipeline 1322 allows flexible selection of the nitrogen supply path according to test requirements or specific requirements in emergency situations. For example, in the first nitrogen branch pipeline 1321, nitrogen can be mixed with ammonia and air before entering the dryer, which helps to further remove moisture from the gas. In the second nitrogen branch pipeline 1322, nitrogen can be injected after ammonia and air pass through the check valve and electric valve, which is used to quickly replace the gas in the system in emergency situations to ensure the safety of the test personnel and the stable operation of the system.

[0061] Specifically, the first nitrogen branch pipeline 1321 is symmetrically provided with a first nitrogen electric valve 13211 and a first nitrogen check valve 13212 on both sides, and the nitrogen supply main pipeline 131 is connected to the first nitrogen branch pipeline 1321 between the two first nitrogen electric valves 13211; the second nitrogen branch pipeline 1322 is symmetrically provided with a second nitrogen electric valve 13221, a nitrogen flow controller 13222 and a second nitrogen check valve 13223 on both sides, and the nitrogen supply main pipeline 131 is connected to the second nitrogen branch pipeline 1322 between the two second nitrogen electric valves 13221;

[0062] Among them, the flow directions of the two first nitrogen check valves 13212 are opposite.

[0063] It can be understood that the first nitrogen electric valve 13211 is used to control the on-off of nitrogen, and the first nitrogen one-way valve 13212 ensures the one-way flow of nitrogen in the specified direction, avoiding the backflow and confusion of the gas. Such design is particularly important during system purging and gas replacement, which can ensure that nitrogen can accurately reach the required position, effectively remove residual gas in the system, and improve the safety and accuracy of the test. The design of the second nitrogen branch pipeline 1322 focuses more on the accurate control of nitrogen supply. The second nitrogen electric valve 13221 is also used to control the on-off of nitrogen, and the nitrogen flow controller 13222 can accurately adjust the flow of nitrogen, ensuring that the gas in the system can be quickly and accurately replaced in emergency situations. The second nitrogen one-way valve 13223 is also set to ensure the one-way flow of nitrogen to prevent backflow. In addition, the design of the second nitrogen branch pipeline 1322 also considers the mixing of nitrogen with ammonia and air, and through reasonable layout and connection, it ensures that nitrogen can be mixed with ammonia and air at the appropriate position, thereby further improving the performance and stability of the test system.

[0064] Specifically, the water storage wetting module 200 comprises:

[0065] a water supply pipeline, a cathode water storage tank 220 and an anode water storage tank 230; the water supply pipeline is in communication with the cathode water storage tank 220 and the anode water storage tank 230;

[0066] The water supply pipeline comprises a water supply main pipeline 211 and a water supply branch pipeline, one end of the water supply main pipeline 211 is connected with a water source, and the other end of the water supply main pipeline 211 is in communication with the water supply branch pipeline;

[0067] The water supply main pipeline 211 is sequentially provided with a signal valve 2111, a water filter 2112 and a hydraulic pump 2113 along the water flow direction;

[0068] The water supply branch pipeline comprises a first water supply branch pipeline 2121 and a second water supply branch pipeline 2122 which are arranged in parallel; the first water supply branch pipeline 2121 is in communication with the bottom of the cathode water storage tank 220, and the second water supply branch pipeline 2122 is in communication with the bottom of the anode water storage tank 230; the first water supply branch pipeline 2121 and the second water supply branch pipeline 2122 are sequentially provided with a water electric valve 2123 and a water one-way valve 2124 along the water flow direction;

[0069] The bottom of the cathode water storage tank 220 is in communication with the second air branch pipeline, and the bottom of the cathode water storage tank 220 is provided with a cathode electric valve 221; the top of the cathode water storage tank 220 is in communication with the first air branch pipeline through a first pipeline;

[0070] The upper portion of the bottom of the anode water storage tank 230 is connected to the second ammonia gas branch pipeline, and the bottom of the anode water storage tank 230 is provided with an anode electric valve 231, and the top of the anode water storage tank 230 is connected to the first ammonia gas branch pipeline through a second pipeline;

[0071] The inside of the cathode water storage tank 220 and the anode water storage tank 230 is provided with a multi-stage spiral channel and a microporous dispersion plate, and the inside of the cathode water storage tank 220 is further provided with a temperature gradient control device.

[0072] It can be understood that the anode water storage tank 230 is provided with a specially designed gas-liquid contact structure, including a multi-stage spiral channel and a microporous dispersion plate, which increases the contact area of ammonia gas and water. The anode water storage tank 230 is made of 316L stainless steel material resistant to ammonia corrosion, and the inner wall is subjected to special fluorination treatment to enhance corrosion resistance. The volume of the anode water storage tank 230 is 2L, the working temperature range is 30-95℃, and the temperature control accuracy is ±0.5℃. The anode water storage tank 230 is provided with a water level automatic monitoring and replenishment system, which automatically replenishes deionized water when the water level is lower than the set value, to ensure stable wetting effect during long-term testing.

[0073] The anode water storage tank 230 can control the ammonia gas humidity in the range of 50-100% relative humidity, with a control accuracy of ±3%. The system uses a capacitive humidity sensor to monitor the gas humidity in real time, with a measurement range of 0-100% relative humidity and an accuracy of ±2%. The optimal gas humidity is automatically adjusted according to the battery operating temperature: when the battery operating temperature is 60-70℃, the system controls the ammonia gas humidity in the range of 70-80%; when the battery operating temperature is 70-80℃, the system controls the ammonia gas humidity in the range of 80-90%; when the battery operating temperature is 80-90℃, the system controls the ammonia gas humidity in the range of 90-100%.

[0074] The water level control range of the anode water storage tank 230 is 30-80% of the total volume, with a control accuracy of ±2%. The anode water storage tank 230 uses a capacitive liquid level sensor to monitor the water level in real time, with a measurement accuracy of ±1mm. When the water level is lower than 30% of the total volume, the automatic water replenishment system starts to replenish deionized water to the anode water storage tank 230 at a rate of 0.1-0.3L / min until the water level reaches the set value; when the water level is lower than 20% of the total volume, the system triggers a low water level alarm; when the water level is higher than 95% of the total volume, the system triggers a high water level alarm and stops any possible water replenishment operation.

[0075] The cathode water storage tank 220 has a similar structure to the anode water storage tank 230, but is provided with a humidity gradient control device inside, which can adjust the humidity of air according to testing requirements. The device adjusts the humidity by controlling the path length of the gas through the water surface, achieving accurate control of the humidity range of 30-100%.

[0076] The water storage wetting module 200 of the cathode water storage tank 220 can control the air humidity in the range of 30-100% relative humidity with a control accuracy of ±3%. The humidity gradient control device precisely controls the humidity by adjusting the path length of the gas through the water surface. When a lower humidity (30-60%) is required, the gas mainly passes through the upper space of the water storage tank; when a medium humidity (60-90%) is required, the gas partially passes through the water surface; when a high humidity (90-100%) is required, the gas completely contacts the water surface through the microporous dispersion plate.

[0077] The water level control range of the cathode water storage tank 220 is 40-90% of the total volume with a control accuracy of ±2%. The water level control mechanism is similar to that of the anode water storage tank 230, but since the humidity requirement of the cathode gas (air) is generally lower than that of the anode gas (ammonia), the minimum water level setting value of the cathode water storage tank 220 is slightly higher to ensure sufficient water for air wetting.

[0078] The water quality used in the water storage tank requires strict control: the electrical conductivity must be less than 1.0 μS / cm, and the pH value must be in the range of 6.0-7.5. The system is equipped with water quality monitoring devices, including conductivity sensors and pH sensors, to monitor water quality parameters in real time. When the water quality parameters exceed the set range, the system will issue a warning to prompt the operator to replace the water in the water storage tank. To ensure that the water quality meets the requirements, the system is equipped with ion exchange resin filters to treat the replenishment water and remove ion impurities in the water.

[0079] Specifically, the electrochemical test module 300 includes:

[0080] A battery test cavity is provided with a to-be-tested ammonia fuel cell 310, the anode inlet of the to-be-tested ammonia fuel cell 310 is connected with the first ammonia gas branch pipeline, and the cathode inlet of the to-be-tested ammonia fuel cell 310 is connected with the first air branch pipeline.

[0081] In this embodiment, the electrochemical test module 300 further includes an electronic load and a data acquisition system. The voltage range of the electronic load is 0-10V, the current range is 0-50A, and the power range is 0-500W, which can realize four working modes of constant current, constant voltage, constant power and constant resistance. The data acquisition system has a sampling rate of 10Hz and an accuracy of 16 bits, and can simultaneously collect multiple parameters such as voltage, current, power, temperature, gas flow, etc.

[0082] Specifically, the ammonia gas treatment module 400 includes:

[0083] An anode treatment part and a cathode treatment part; the anode treatment part is connected with the anode outlet of the to-be-tested ammonia fuel cell 310, and the cathode treatment part is connected with the cathode outlet of the to-be-tested ammonia fuel cell 310;

[0084] The anode processing part comprises an anode exhaust pipeline 411, a first end of the anode exhaust pipeline 411 is communicated with an anode outlet of the ammonia fuel cell 310 to be tested, and a second end of the anode exhaust pipeline 411 is connected with an anode exhaust treatment device 412; the anode exhaust pipeline 411 is sequentially connected in series with an anode internal water tank 413, an anode automatic back pressure valve 414 and an anode external water tank 415 along a gas flow direction; the anode internal water tank 413 and the anode external water tank 415 are provided with a pulse discharge valve 416 in parallel with the anode automatic back pressure valve 414 in the middle;

[0085] The anode processing part further comprises a first anode water pipeline 417 and a second anode water pipeline 418, a first end of the second anode water pipeline 418 is communicated with the anode external water tank 415, and a second end of the second anode water pipeline 418 is connected with an anode absorption liquid collecting device; a second treatment electric valve 4181 is arranged on the second anode water pipeline 418; a first end of the first anode water pipeline 417 is communicated with the anode internal water tank 413, and a second end of the first anode water pipeline 417 is communicated with the second anode water pipeline 418 between the second treatment electric valve 4181 and the anode absorption liquid collecting device 419; a first treatment electric valve 4171 is arranged on the first anode water pipeline 417;

[0086] The cathode processing part comprises a cathode processing pipeline 421, a first end of the cathode processing pipeline 421 is communicated with a cathode outlet of the ammonia fuel cell 310 to be tested, and a second end of the cathode processing pipeline 421 is connected with a cathode exhaust treatment device 422; the cathode processing pipeline 421 is sequentially provided with a cathode internal water tank 423, a cathode automatic back pressure valve 424 and a cathode external water tank 425 along a gas flow direction;

[0087] The cathode processing part further comprises a first cathode water pipeline 426 and a second cathode water pipeline 427, a first end of the second cathode water pipeline 427 is communicated with the cathode external water tank 425, and a second end of the second cathode water pipeline 427 is connected with a cathode absorption liquid collecting device; a fourth treatment electric valve 4271 is arranged on the second cathode water pipeline 427; a first end of the first cathode water pipeline 426 is communicated with the cathode internal water tank 423, and a second end of the first cathode water pipeline 426 is communicated with the second cathode water pipeline 427 between the fourth treatment electric valve 4271 and the cathode absorption liquid collecting device 428; a third treatment electric valve 4261 is arranged on the first cathode water pipeline 426.

[0088] It can be understood that the design of the anode treatment part and the cathode treatment part takes into account the effective treatment of waste gas and the recycling of resources. In the anode treatment part, the anode exhaust pipe 411 is responsible for leading out the anode waste gas generated by the ammonia fuel cell 310 to be tested, and is subjected to two-stage water washing treatment through the anode internal water tank 413 and the anode external water tank 415 to remove harmful substances and excess moisture in the waste gas. The anode automatic back pressure valve 414 is provided to adjust the pressure in the anode exhaust pipe 411 according to the test requirements, ensuring the stable operation of the test system. The parallel design of the pulse discharge valve 416 can quickly discharge the gas in the pipe when necessary, avoiding damage to the system caused by excessive pressure. The first anode water pipe 417 and the second anode water pipe 418 are provided to realize the recycling and collection of the anode absorption liquid. By adjusting the opening and closing states of the first treatment electric valve 4171 and the second treatment electric valve 4181, the flow direction of the anode absorption liquid in the pipe can be controlled, thereby realizing the effective treatment of waste gas and the maximum utilization of resources. The design of the cathode treatment part is similar to that of the anode treatment part, and also adopts a two-stage water washing treatment and a back pressure control mechanism to ensure the effective treatment of the cathode waste gas and the stable operation of the system. The difference is that the cathode treatment part is additionally provided with the first cathode water pipe 426 and the second cathode water pipe 427 for recycling and collection of the cathode absorption liquid. Such a design not only improves the treatment efficiency of waste gas, but also effectively saves water resources and reduces test costs.

[0089] Referring to Figure 3 In some embodiments of the present application, the present embodiment provides a test method for an ammonia fuel cell, comprising the following steps:

[0090] S100: setting the test system to an initial state;

[0091] S200: setting test parameters; wherein the test parameters include ammonia flow, air flow, anode water storage tank temperature, cathode water storage tank temperature, and cell temperature of the ammonia fuel cell to be tested;

[0092] S300: preheating the test system according to the set temperature;

[0093] S400: starting the water storage wetting module to wet process the ammonia and air;

[0094] S500: performing cell performance test on the ammonia fuel cell to be tested according to the test scheme;

[0095] S600: collecting test data of the ammonia fuel cell to be tested in real time and analyzing the test data; wherein the test data includes cell voltage, current, power, temperature, and gas flow of the ammonia fuel cell to be tested;

[0096] S700: Collect the ammonia concentration and system temperature of the test system, and compare them with the safety range respectively. If it exceeds the safety range, the protection mechanism is automatically started;

[0097] S800: After the test, the gas in the test system is replaced with nitrogen, and the temperature control module is turned off.

[0098] In this embodiment, the water storage humidification module is started, and the ammonia gas and air are humidified. The optimal gas humidity needs to be automatically adjusted according to the battery operating temperature. Specifically, when the battery operating temperature is 60-70℃, the ammonia humidity is 70-80%; when the battery operating temperature is 70-80℃, the ammonia humidity is 80-90%; and when the battery operating temperature is 80-90℃, the ammonia humidity is 90-100%.

[0099] In some embodiments of the present application, the battery performance test is:

[0100] An ammonia fuel cell with an effective area of 25cm 2 is installed in the test system, and the test is carried out under the following conditions:

[0101] Fuel: pure ammonia gas, flow rate is 0.5NL / min

[0102] Oxidant: air, flow rate is 2.0NL / min

[0103] Anode water tank temperature: 80℃

[0104] Cathode water tank temperature: 70℃

[0105] Battery temperature: 80℃

[0106] Back pressure: normal pressure

[0107] The test results are shown in Table 1:

[0108]

[0109] Under the above test conditions, the system can stably control the ammonia humidity at 85±2% and the air humidity at 75±2%, meeting the requirements of ammonia fuel cell for gas humidity.

[0110] During the test, the water level of the anode water tank is maintained at 50±1% of the total volume, and the water level of the cathode water tank is maintained at 60±1% of the total volume. During the 100-hour continuous test, the system automatically replenishes water 3 times, with each time about 0.5L, and the water replenishment process does not affect the continuity of the test and the stability of the data.

[0111] Example 2: High-performance ammonia fuel cell test system

[0112] The present embodiment provides a high-performance ammonia fuel cell test system, which is improved based on the embodiment 1.

[0113] 1. Upgrade of water storage tank wetting system

[0114] The anode water storage tank adopts a double-cavity design, with the inner cavity as a gas-liquid contact area and the outer cavity as a temperature control area, achieving more precise temperature control and more efficient gas wetting. The gas-liquid contact structure inside the water storage tank uses a gas disperser made of porous ceramic material with a pore size of 1-5 μm, greatly increasing the gas-liquid contact area. The volume of the water storage tank is increased to 3 L, and the temperature control accuracy is improved to ±0.2℃.

[0115] 2. Upgrade of ammonia flow and concentration control system

[0116] The ammonia flow controller uses a Coriolis mass flowmeter, with a flow range expanded to 0.01-10.0 NL / min and an accuracy improved to ±0.5% (Full Scale). A real-time ammonia concentration monitoring system is added, which can monitor ammonia concentration in the range of 0-100% with an accuracy of ±0.2%.

[0117] 3. Upgrade of temperature and humidity co-control system

[0118] A temperature and humidity co-control algorithm is added, which automatically adjusts the optimal humidification temperature based on the battery operating state. This algorithm calculates the optimal gas humidity based on the battery current density, temperature, and gas flow, and achieves precise humidity control by adjusting the water storage tank temperature. A multi-point temperature monitoring system is added, with 10 temperature sensors installed at key positions in the system to monitor the temperature of each part in real time and prevent local overheating or condensation.

[0119] The temperature and humidity co-control system automatically adjusts the water storage tank temperature based on the battery operating temperature to maintain the gas humidity within the optimal range. The specific control strategy is as follows: when the battery temperature is 60℃, the anode water storage tank temperature is set to 65-70℃; when the battery temperature is 70℃, the anode water storage tank temperature is set to 75-80℃; when the battery temperature is 80℃, the anode water storage tank temperature is set to 85-90℃. The cathode water storage tank temperature is usually set to be 5-10℃ lower than the anode water storage tank temperature to meet different humidity requirements.

[0120] The system uses advanced PID control algorithm to dynamically adjust the water storage tank temperature based on real-time monitoring of gas humidity data, ensuring that the gas humidity always remains within the set range. At the same time, the system also considers the impact of gas flow, automatically increasing the water storage tank temperature when the gas flow increases to compensate for the humidity drop caused by the increase in flow.

[0121] The water level in the water storage tank is closely related to the gas humidity. By precisely controlling the water level in the water storage tank, the system ensures that the contact area between the gas and the water remains within the optimal range, thereby achieving stable gas humidification. When the gas flow is large, the system automatically raises the water level to increase the contact area between the gas and the water; when the gas flow is small, the system appropriately lowers the water level to avoid excessive humidification.

[0122] The automatic water replenishment system uses a precision flow control valve and a micro water pump, and the replenishment rate can be adjusted within the range of 0.1-0.5 L / min. During the replenishment process, the system temporarily reduces the gas flow to reduce the impact on the gas humidity. After the replenishment is completed, the system waits for 1-2 minutes to allow the water temperature to reach the set value, and then restores the normal gas flow.

[0123] 4. Expansion of test parameter monitoring system

[0124] An ammonia conversion rate measuring device is added, which calculates the ammonia conversion rate by detecting the unreacted ammonia content, with a measurement range of 0-100% and an accuracy of ±1%. A nitrogen emission monitoring system is added, which uses a thermal conductivity detector to monitor the nitrogen content in the anode exhaust gas, with a measurement range of 0-100% and an accuracy of ±0.5%. Catalyst poisoning monitoring parameters are added, which monitor changes in catalyst activity through methods such as electrochemical impedance spectroscopy.

[0125] 5. Electrochemical test unit upgrade

[0126] The electronic load is upgraded to a high-precision model, with a voltage range of 0-20V, a current range of 0-100A, a power range of 0-1000W, and an accuracy of ±0.1%. An electrochemical workstation is added, which can perform advanced electrochemical tests such as electrochemical impedance spectroscopy, cyclic voltammetry, and linear sweep voltammetry.

[0127] Performance test:

[0128] A 25cm 2 effective area ammonia fuel cell is installed in the test system, and the test conditions are the same as in Example 1. The test results are shown in Table 2:

[0129]

[0130] Under the above test conditions, the system can stably control the ammonia gas humidity to 88±1% and the air humidity to 78±1%, significantly improving the accuracy of gas humidity control.

[0131] During the test, the upgraded system can accurately control the water level of the anode water tank at 55±0.5% of the total volume and the water level of the cathode water tank at 65±0.5% of the total volume, significantly improving the water level control accuracy. During the 100-hour continuous test, the system automatically replenished water twice, with each replenishment amount being about 0.4L, and the impact of the water replenishment process on the test data was minimized.

[0132] Example 3: High-power ammonia fuel cell test system

[0133] This example provides a high-power ammonia fuel cell test system suitable for testing large-area single cells or small cell stacks. Based on Example 2, the following improvements are made:

[0134] 1. Gas supply unit upgrade

[0135] The flow range of ammonia and air is expanded to 0.05-20.0 NL / min and 0.1-50.0 NL / min, respectively, to meet the gas demand of high-power cells. A gas pretreatment unit is added, including a filter and a dryer, to remove impurities and moisture from the gas.

[0136] 2. Water tank wetting system upgrade

[0137] The water tank volume is increased to 5L, with a multi-stage series design to ensure sufficient wetting of high-flow gas. An automatic drainage system is added to regularly drain condensate water to prevent moisture accumulation from affecting system performance.

[0138] 3. Temperature control unit upgrade

[0139] The heater power is increased to 1000W to meet the heating needs of high-flow gas. A water cooling system is added for precise control of cell temperature, with a temperature control range of 10-120℃ and a control accuracy of ±0.5℃.

[0140] 4. Electrochemical test unit upgrade

[0141] The electronic load is upgraded to a high-power model with a voltage range of 0-100V, a current range of 0-500A, and a power range of 0-5000W to meet the testing needs of cell stacks. A multi-channel data acquisition system is added to monitor the performance parameters of multiple single cells simultaneously.

[0142] 5. Back pressure control unit upgrade

[0143] A precision back pressure control system is added to accurately control the outlet gas pressure of the cell within the range of 0-0.5MPa with a control accuracy of ±0.01MPa. The back pressure control system uses a closed-loop control system composed of an electric regulating valve and a pressure sensor, with a response time of less than 5 seconds.

[0144] Performance test:

[0145] A 100 cm 2 effective area ammonia fuel cell was installed in the test system and tested under the following conditions:

[0146] Fuel: pure ammonia, flow rate 2.0 NL / min

[0147] Oxidant: air, flow rate 8.0 NL / min

[0148] Anode water tank temperature: 85℃

[0149] Cathode water tank temperature: 75℃

[0150] Cell temperature: 85℃

[0151] Back pressure: 0.2 MPa

[0152] The test results are shown in Table 3:

[0153]

[0154] Comparative Example 1: Modified hydrogen fuel cell test system

[0155] In order to verify the superiority of the present application, we used a common hydrogen fuel cell test system on the market and made a simple modification for testing ammonia fuel cells. The modification includes: replacing some parts of the pipeline and joints that are not resistant to ammonia corrosion, and adding a simple ammonia detection device.

[0156] A 25 cm 2 effective area ammonia fuel cell was installed in the modified system and tested under the same conditions as Example 1, and the test results are shown in Table 6:

[0157]

[0158] The comparison results show that the test system of the present application has significant advantages over the modified hydrogen fuel cell test system in terms of open circuit voltage, peak current density, maximum power density, ammonia conversion rate, stability, gas humidity control precision and system response time. In particular, the test system of the present application has increased by 50% in maximum power density compared with the modified system, which is mainly due to the water tank humidification system of the present application which can provide a more suitable gas humidity environment for the ammonia fuel cell.

[0159] Comparative Example 2: Ammonia fuel cell test system without water tank humidification system

[0160] To verify the importance of the water tank humidification system, we constructed an ammonia fuel cell test system without a water tank humidification system, with other components being the same as in Example 1. This system uses a traditional bubble humidifier to humidify the gas.

[0161] An ammonia fuel cell with an effective area of 25 cm 2 was installed in this system and tested under the same conditions as in Example 1, with the test results shown in Table 7:

[0162]

[0163] The comparison results show that the water tank humidification system has a significant impact on the performance of the ammonia fuel cell test system. The test system of the present application has increased the peak current density by 28.6%, the maximum power density by 20%, and the ammonia conversion rate by 13.3% compared to the test system without a water tank humidification system. This is mainly because the water tank humidification system of the present application can provide more stable and uniform gas humidity, meeting the special humidification needs of ammonia fuel cells.

[0164] Comparative Example 3: Ammonia fuel cell test system without ammonia gas safety treatment unit

[0165] To verify the importance of the ammonia gas safety treatment unit, we constructed an ammonia fuel cell test system without an ammonia gas safety treatment unit, with other components being the same as in Example 1. This system is only equipped with a simple exhaust device, without an ammonia concentration detector, an ammonia neutralization device, and an emergency nitrogen replacement system.

[0166] During the test, we simulated an ammonia gas leak and recorded the system's response and safety risks, with the results shown in Table 8:

[0167]

[0168] The comparison results show that the ammonia gas safety treatment unit is crucial to ensuring the safety of the test system. The test system of the present application can quickly detect ammonia gas leaks, automatically start emergency protection measures, and effectively handle leaked ammonia gas, greatly reducing the health risks of operators, the corrosion risks of equipment, and the pollution risks of the environment.

[0169] Comparative Example 4: Ammonia fuel cell test system without temperature and humidity co-control system

[0170] To verify the importance of the temperature and humidity co-control system, we constructed an ammonia fuel cell test system without a temperature and humidity co-control system, with other components being the same as in Example 1. The temperature control and humidity control of this system are independent, without the function of automatically adjusting the optimal humidification temperature according to the working state of the cell.

[0171] An ammonia fuel cell with an active area of 25 cm 2 was installed in the system, and the cell performance was tested at different current densities, with the results shown in Table 9:

[0172]

[0173] The comparison results show that the temperature and humidity coordinated control system has a significant impact on the performance of the ammonia fuel cell at high current density. As the current density increases, the performance difference between the system of the present application and the system of Comparative Example 4 becomes more and more significant, and at a current density of 500 mA / cm 2 , the voltage of the system of the present application is 42.9% higher than that of the system of Comparative Example 4. This is mainly because the temperature and humidity coordinated control system of the present application can automatically adjust the optimal humidification temperature according to the working state of the cell, providing sufficient gas humidity at high current density to prevent membrane drying and performance degradation.

[0174] Comparative Example 5: Ammonia fuel cell test system without extended test parameter monitoring system

[0175] In order to verify the importance of the extended test parameter monitoring system, we constructed an ammonia fuel cell test system without the extended test parameter monitoring system, with other components being the same as in Example 1. This system can only measure basic electrochemical parameters (voltage, current, power), and cannot monitor special parameters such as ammonia conversion rate, nitrogen emission, and catalyst poisoning.

[0176] We used this system to perform long-term stability tests on an ammonia fuel cell with an active area of 25 cm 2 , and compared the test results with those of the system of the present application, with the results shown in Table 10:

[0177]

[0178] The comparison results show that the extended test parameter monitoring system is crucial for performance evaluation and fault diagnosis of ammonia fuel cells. The test system of the present application can monitor special parameters such as ammonia conversion rate, nitrogen emission, and catalyst poisoning, discover potential problems in a timely manner, and give targeted solutions to improve the comprehensiveness and accuracy of the test. The system of Comparative Example 5 can only detect the phenomenon of performance degradation, and cannot determine the specific reason or give an effective solution.

[0179] Those skilled in the art will appreciate that embodiments of the application can be supplied as a method, a system or a computer program product. Accordingly, the application can be embodied in the form of an entirely hardware embodiment, an entirely software embodiment or an embodiment combining software and hardware aspects. Furthermore, the application can be embodied in the form of a computer program product on one or more computer readable storage media (including, but not limited to, disk memory, CD-ROMs, optical storage media, etc.) embodying computer program code thereon.

[0180] The present application is described in reference to the flowchart and / or block diagrams of the method, apparatus (system) and computer program product according to embodiments of the application. It should be understood that each flow and / or block in the flowchart and / or block diagrams, as well as a combination of flows and / or blocks in the flowchart and / or block diagrams, can be implemented by computer program instructions. These computer program instructions can be provided to a processor of a general purpose computer, a special purpose computer, an embedded processor or other programmable data processing device to produce a machine, so that the instructions, which are executed via the processor of the computer or other programmable data processing device, generate a means for implementing the functions specified in the flowchart and / or block diagrams. Figure 1 one or more flows and / or blocks Figure 1 an apparatus for implementing functions specified in the flowchart and / or block diagrams.

[0181] These computer program instructions can also be stored in a computer readable memory that can direct a computer or other programmable data processing device to work in a specific manner, so that the instructions stored in the computer readable memory produce a manufacture product including instruction apparatus, which implements the functions specified in the flowchart and / or block diagrams. Figure 1 one or more flows and / or blocks Figure 1 an apparatus for implementing functions specified in the flowchart and / or block diagrams.

[0182] These computer program instructions can also be loaded into a computer or other programmable data processing device, so that a series of operation steps are performed on the computer or other programmable device to produce a computer implemented process, so that the instructions executed on the computer or other programmable device provide a means for implementing the functions specified in the flowchart and / or block diagrams. Figure 1 one or more flows and / or blocks Figure 1 an apparatus for implementing functions specified in the flowchart and / or block diagrams.

[0183] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present application, but not to limit it. Although the present application has been described in detail with reference to the above embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that the specific embodiments of the present application can be modified or replaced by equivalent, without departing from the spirit and scope of the present application. Any modification or equivalent replacement, which does not depart from the spirit and scope of the present application, should be covered in the protection scope of the claims of the present application.

Claims

1. A test system for an ammonia fuel cell, characterized by, The test system comprises: a gas supply module configured to supply gas to an ammonia fuel cell to be tested; wherein the gas comprises ammonia, air and nitrogen; a water storage and wetting module connected to the gas supply module, the water storage and weting module being configured to wet the ammonia and air; an electrochemical test module connected to the water storage and wetting module, the electrochemical test module being configured to perform electrochemical performance test on the ammonia fuel cell to be tested and obtain test data of the ammonia fuel cell to be tested; an ammonia gas treatment module connected to the electrochemical test module, the ammonia gas treatment module being configured to treat ammonia in exhaust gas generated after the test on the ammonia fuel cell to be tested; a temperature control module connected to the gas supply module, the water storage and wetting module and the electrochemical test module, the temperature control module being configured to control the temperature of the gas supply module, the water storage and wetting module and the electrochemical test module; a control module configured to control the test system. The water storage and wetting module comprises: a water supply pipeline, a cathode water storage tank and an anode water storage tank; the water supply pipeline is connected to the cathode water storage tank and the anode water storage tank; wherein the water supply pipeline comprises a water supply main pipeline and a water supply branch pipeline, one end of the water supply main pipeline is connected to a water source, and the other end of the water supply main pipeline is connected to the water supply branch pipeline; the water supply main pipeline is sequentially provided with a signal valve, a water filter and a hydraulic pump along the water flow direction; the water supply branch pipeline comprises a first water supply branch pipeline and a second water supply branch pipeline which are connected in parallel; the first water supply branch pipeline is connected to the bottom of the cathode water storage tank, and the second water supply branch pipeline is connected to the bottom of the anode water storage tank; the first water supply branch pipeline and the second water supply branch pipeline are sequentially provided with a water electric valve and a water check valve along the water flow direction; the upper portion of the bottom of the cathode water storage tank is connected to a second air branch pipeline, the bottom of the cathode water storage tank is provided with a cathode electric valve, and the top of the cathode water storage tank is connected to a first air branch pipeline through a first pipeline; the upper portion of the bottom of the anode water storage tank is connected to a second ammonia branch pipeline, the bottom of the anode water storage tank is provided with an anode electric valve, and the top of the anode water storage tank is connected to a first ammonia branch pipeline through a second pipeline; the inside of the cathode water storage tank and the anode water storage tank is provided with a multi-stage spiral channel and a microporous dispersion plate, and the inside of the cathode water storage tank is further provided with a temperature gradient control device.

2. The test system for an ammonia fuel cell according to claim 1, characterized by, The gas supply module comprises an ammonia supply pipeline, an air supply pipeline and a nitrogen supply pipeline; wherein the nitrogen supply pipeline is connected to the ammonia supply pipeline and the air supply pipeline.

3. The test system for an ammonia fuel cell according to claim 2, characterized by, The ammonia supply pipeline comprises an ammonia supply main pipeline and an ammonia supply branch pipeline, one end of the ammonia supply main pipeline is connected to an ammonia cylinder, and the other end of the ammonia supply main pipeline is connected to the ammonia supply branch pipeline; The ammonia supply main pipeline is sequentially provided with an ammonia plug valve, an ammonia filter, an ammonia pneumatic valve, a first ammonia electric valve, a first ammonia check valve, an ammonia dryer and a second ammonia check valve along the ammonia flow direction. The ammonia supply branch pipeline includes a first ammonia branch pipeline and a second ammonia branch pipeline which are connected in parallel.

4. The test system for an ammonia fuel cell according to claim 3, characterized by, The air supply pipeline includes an air supply main pipeline and an air supply branch pipeline. The air supply main pipeline is sequentially provided with an air filter, an air pneumatic valve, a first air electric valve, a first air check valve, an air dryer and a second air check valve along the air flow direction. The air supply branch pipeline includes a first air branch pipeline and a second air branch pipeline which are connected in parallel.

5. The test system for an ammonia fuel cell according to claim 4, characterized by, The nitrogen supply pipeline includes a nitrogen supply main pipeline and a nitrogen supply branch pipeline. The nitrogen supply main pipeline is sequentially provided with a nitrogen plug valve, a nitrogen filter and a nitrogen pneumatic valve along the nitrogen flow direction. The nitrogen supply branch pipeline includes a first nitrogen branch pipeline and a second nitrogen branch pipeline which are connected in parallel.

6. The test system for an ammonia fuel cell according to claim 5, characterized by, The first nitrogen branch pipeline is symmetrically provided with a first nitrogen electric valve and a first nitrogen check valve on both sides, and the nitrogen supply main pipeline is connected with the first nitrogen branch pipeline between the two first nitrogen electric valves. The second nitrogen branch pipeline is symmetrically provided with a second nitrogen electric valve, a nitrogen flow controller and a second nitrogen check valve on both sides, and the nitrogen supply main pipeline is connected with the second nitrogen branch pipeline between the two second nitrogen electric valves.

7. The test system for an ammonia fuel cell according to claim 6, characterized by, The two first nitrogen check valves have opposite flow directions. The electrochemical test module includes:

8. The test system for an ammonia fuel cell according to claim 7, characterized by, A battery test cavity is provided in the electrochemical test module. The ammonia treatment module includes: An anode processing part and a cathode processing part; the anode processing part is communicated with an anode outlet of the ammonia fuel cell to be tested, and the cathode processing part is communicated with a cathode outlet of the ammonia fuel cell to be tested; The anode processing part comprises an anode exhaust pipeline, a first end of the anode exhaust pipeline is communicated with the anode outlet of the ammonia fuel cell to be tested, and a second end of the anode exhaust pipeline is connected with an anode exhaust treatment device; the anode exhaust pipeline is sequentially connected in series with an anode internal water tank, an anode automatic back pressure valve and an anode external water tank along a gas flow direction; the anode internal water tank and the anode external water tank are provided with a pulse discharge valve in parallel with the anode automatic back pressure valve; The anode processing part further comprises a first anode water pipeline and a second anode water pipeline, a first end of the second anode water pipeline is communicated with the anode external water tank, and a second end of the second anode water pipeline is connected with an anode absorption liquid collecting device; a second treatment electric valve is arranged on the second anode water pipeline; a first end of the first anode water pipeline is communicated with the anode internal water tank, and a second end of the first anode water pipeline is communicated with the second anode water pipeline between the second treatment electric valve and the anode absorption liquid collecting device; a first treatment electric valve is arranged on the first anode water pipeline; The cathode processing part comprises a cathode processing pipeline, a first end of the cathode processing pipeline is communicated with the cathode outlet of the ammonia fuel cell to be tested, and a second end of the cathode processing pipeline is connected with a cathode exhaust treatment device; the cathode processing pipeline is sequentially provided with a cathode internal water tank, a cathode automatic back pressure valve and a cathode external water tank along a gas flow direction; The cathode processing part further comprises a first cathode water pipeline and a second cathode water pipeline, a first end of the second cathode water pipeline is communicated with the cathode external water tank, and a second end of the second cathode water pipeline is connected with a cathode absorption liquid collecting device; a fourth treatment electric valve is arranged on the second cathode water pipeline; a first end of the first cathode water pipeline is communicated with the cathode internal water tank, and a second end of the first cathode water pipeline is communicated with the second cathode water pipeline between the fourth treatment electric valve and the cathode absorption liquid collecting device; a third treatment electric valve is arranged on the first cathode water pipeline.

9. A test method for an ammonia fuel cell, applied in the test system for an ammonia fuel cell according to any one of claims 1-8, characterized in that, It comprises: Setting the test system to an initial state; Setting test parameters; wherein the test parameters comprise ammonia gas flow, air flow, anode water storage tank temperature, cathode water storage tank temperature and cell temperature of the ammonia fuel cell to be tested; Preheating the test system according to the set temperature; Starting the water storage wetting module to wet the ammonia gas and air; Performing cell performance testing on the ammonia fuel cell to be tested according to the test scheme; Real-time acquisition of test data of the ammonia fuel cell to be tested and analysis of the test data; wherein the test data comprises cell voltage, current, power, temperature, gas flow of the ammonia fuel cell to be tested; Acquisition of ammonia gas concentration and system temperature of the test system and comparison with safety range respectively, if the safety range is exceeded, the protection mechanism is automatically started; After the test is completed, the test system is purged with nitrogen gas and the temperature control module is turned off.

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