Heat dissipation device for automobile power battery pack

Abstract

The invention relates to a heat dissipation device for an automobile power battery pack, and belongs to the technical field of battery heat management. Comprising a plurality of liquid cooling units, the liquid cooling units are distributed along the extension direction of a single cell assembly, the plurality of liquid cooling units are distributed on two sides of the cell assembly, one side of each liquid cooling unit is provided with a liquid inlet, and the other side of each liquid cooling unit is provided with a liquid outlet; connecting holes are formed in the first communicating pipelines, and the first communicating pipelines are in one-to-one correspondence with the liquid cooling units, are arranged on the two sides of the same liquid cooling unit respectively and are used for connecting the liquid inlet and the liquid outlet; and the two second communication pipelines are wound on the peripheral side of the battery cell assembly, and the communication pipelines are communicated with the two ends of the first communication pipeline. By arranging the first communication pipeline and the second communication pipeline, the size of the battery and a cooling channel with a distance from the liquid inlet are compensated, the temperature difference is reduced, and the cooling efficiency is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of battery thermal management technology, and specifically relates to a heat dissipation device for automotive power battery packs. Background Technology

[0002] Automotive power batteries come in a variety of forms and have complex structures. With increasingly complex automotive power requirements and management, there are more requirements for efficient battery cooling.

[0003] Patent CN108461681B discloses a liquid-cooled power battery pack for powering electric vehicles. Its main structure includes a liquid-cooling plate, a housing, a BMS device mounted in the middle of the liquid-cooling plate, battery modules mounted at one end of the liquid-cooling plate, an electrical component group mounted at the other end of the liquid-cooling plate, a V-beam, and liquid-cooling pipes. This liquid-cooled battery pack features high heat dissipation efficiency, good reliability, and excellent safety performance.

[0004] The existing technology has at least the following problems in its use:

[0005] When using a single-layer contact liquid cooling plate to cool battery cells, the temperature difference of the cooling liquid is high due to the influence of the battery size, resulting in significant differences in the cooling effect on the battery and thus affecting the cooling efficiency. Summary of the Invention

[0006] This invention provides a heat dissipation device for automotive power battery packs, which solves the technical problem in the prior art where the temperature difference of the cooling liquid is affected by the size of the battery, resulting in a large difference in battery cooling efficiency.

[0007] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention is implemented through the following technical solution:

[0008] A heat dissipation device for an automotive power battery pack includes: multiple battery cell assemblies evenly spaced along a first preset direction; multiple liquid cooling units distributed along the extension direction of a single battery cell assembly, with the liquid cooling units located on both sides of the battery cell assembly along the first preset direction, each liquid cooling unit having an inlet on one side and an outlet on the other side; a first connecting pipe distributed along a second preset direction, the first connecting pipe having connecting holes, the first connecting pipe corresponding one-to-one with each liquid cooling unit, and the connecting pipes respectively located on both sides of the same liquid cooling unit for connecting the inlet and the outlet; and two second connecting pipes surrounding the battery cell assembly, the connecting pipes being connected to both ends of the first connecting pipe.

[0009] Furthermore, it also includes: a frame having a housing space for accommodating the battery cell assembly;

[0010] A control center is installed within the frame; a primary control valve is installed on the inlet and outlet to control the liquid flow rate between the first connecting pipe and the liquid cooling unit, and the primary control valve is communicatively connected to the control center; a secondary control valve is installed between the second connecting pipe and the first connecting pipe to control the liquid flow rate in each of the first connecting pipes, and the secondary control valve is communicatively connected to the control center; a heat exchange system has a liquid interface and a communication interface on the frame, the liquid interface being used to connect the second connecting pipe and the heat exchange system, and the communication interface being used to connect the control center and the heat exchange system.

[0011] Furthermore, it also includes: multiple temperature control compensation plates installed on the wall of the second connecting pipe, the temperature control compensation plates being communicatively connected to the control center; a first buffer layer installed between the two second connecting pipes; and a second buffer layer installed between the cell assembly and the frame.

[0012] Furthermore, the battery cell assembly is composed of multiple battery cell units, and the liquid cooling unit has multiple independent cooling chambers. Each cooling chamber has a liquid inlet and a liquid outlet. The primary control valve is used to adjust the specific flow rate in the cooling chamber.

[0013] Furthermore, the second connecting pipes are arranged in a U-shape, and the two second connecting pipes are used to respectively connect the first connecting pipe connected to the liquid inlet and the first connecting pipe connected to the liquid outlet.

[0014] Furthermore, the secondary control valve is used to compensate for the flow rate of the first connecting pipe connected to the far end of the second connecting pipe.

[0015] This invention provides a heat dissipation device for automotive power battery packs, which has the following advantages:

[0016] By setting up a first connecting pipe and a second connecting pipe, the cooling path can be compensated for the size of the battery and the distance between it and the liquid inlet, thereby reducing the temperature difference and improving the cooling efficiency. Attached Figure Description

[0017] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0018] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a heat dissipation device for an automotive power battery pack provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0019] Figure 2 This is a top view of the internal structure of a heat dissipation device for an automotive power battery pack, provided in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0020] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the connection structure of the first and second connecting pipes of a heat dissipation device for an automotive power battery pack, provided in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0021] Figure 4 for Figure 3 Enlarged view at point A1;

[0022] Figure 5 for Figure 3 Enlarged view at point B1;

[0023] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a heat dissipation device for an automotive power battery pack after removing the second connecting pipe with the liquid outlet and part of the battery cell assembly, as provided in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0024] In the diagram: 10-Battery cell assembly; 20-Liquid cooling unit; 31-First connecting pipe; 32-Second connecting pipe; 41-Frame; 42-Control center; 43-Primary control valve; 44-Secondary control valve; 45-Temperature control compensation plate; 46-First buffer layer; 47-Second buffer layer. Detailed Implementation

[0025] The embodiments of this application will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0026] In the description of this application, it should be understood that the terms "center", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are only for the convenience of describing this application and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on this application.

[0027] The terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of technical features indicated. Therefore, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of that feature. In the description of this application, unless otherwise stated, "a plurality of" means two or more.

[0028] In the description of this application, it should be noted that, unless otherwise expressly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," and "joining" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to welding, bolting, or riveting; they can refer to fixed connections, detachable connections, or integral connections; they can refer to mechanical connections or electrical connections; they can refer to direct connections or indirect connections through an intermediate medium; and they can refer to the internal communication between two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this application based on the specific circumstances.

[0029] Example:

[0030] like Figures 1 to 6 As shown, this embodiment provides a heat dissipation device for an automotive power battery pack, including: a plurality of battery cell assemblies 10, evenly spaced along a first preset direction; a plurality of liquid cooling units 20, distributed along the extension direction of a single battery cell assembly 10, the plurality of liquid cooling units 20 being distributed on both sides of the battery cell assembly 10 along the first preset direction, one side of the liquid cooling unit 20 having a liquid inlet and the other side having a liquid outlet; a first connecting pipe 31, distributed along a second preset direction, the first connecting pipe 31 having a connecting hole, the first connecting pipe 31 corresponding one-to-one with the liquid cooling unit 20, and the connecting pipes being respectively disposed on both sides of the same liquid cooling unit 20, respectively used for connecting the liquid inlet and the liquid outlet; and two second connecting pipes 32, surrounding the periphery of the battery cell assembly 10, the connecting pipes being connected to both ends of the first connecting pipe 31.

[0031] In this embodiment, the cell assembly 10 serves as the core energy storage component of the battery pack. It is arranged at uniform intervals along a first preset direction, specifically the length of the battery pack. The gaps between adjacent cell assemblies 10 provide space for the installation of the liquid cooling unit 20 and for heat dissipation. The liquid cooling unit 20 is specifically a liquid cooling plate, serving as a component that directly exchanges heat with the cell assembly 10. Its extension direction is consistent with the length direction of a single cell assembly 10, i.e., distributed along the current output direction of the cell assembly 10. It is arranged on both sides of each cell assembly 10 along the first preset direction, forming a "clamping" heat dissipation structure. An inlet is provided on one side of the liquid cooling unit 20 to introduce cooling liquid, and an outlet is provided on the other side to discharge the liquid after heat absorption. The inlet and outlet are diagonally distributed on the liquid cooling unit 20, maximizing the flow path of the cooling liquid within the liquid cooling unit 20 and improving heat absorption efficiency.

[0032] The first connecting pipes 31 are distributed along a second preset direction, specifically the width direction of the battery pack. Each liquid cooling unit 20 corresponds to a set of first connecting pipes 31, and the two sets of first connecting pipes 31 are located on both sides of the liquid cooling unit 20. One set is sealed to the liquid inlet of the liquid cooling unit 20 through a connecting hole, responsible for delivering cooling liquid to the liquid cooling unit 20. The other set is sealed to the liquid outlet of the liquid cooling unit 20 through a connecting hole, responsible for exporting the heat-absorbing liquid. Two second connecting pipes 32 are arranged in a ring around the periphery of the cell assembly 10, and their two ends are sealed to the ends of all the first connecting pipes 31, forming a closed liquid circulation path. One second connecting pipe 32 collects the liquid input from all the liquid inlet side first connecting pipes 31 and is located below the battery pack. The other collects the liquid output from all the liquid outlet side first connecting pipes 31 and is located above the battery pack, thereby realizing the circulation of cooling liquid throughout the entire battery pack.

[0033] Furthermore, it also includes: a frame 41 having a space for accommodating the battery cell assembly 10; a control center 42 installed within the frame 41; a primary control valve 43 installed at the inlet and outlet for controlling the liquid flow rate between the first connecting pipe 31 and the liquid cooling unit 20, the primary control valve 43 being communicatively connected to the control center 42; a secondary control valve 44 installed between the second connecting pipe and the first connecting pipe for controlling the liquid flow rate in each of the first connecting pipes, the secondary control valve 44 being communicatively connected to the control center 42; and a heat exchange system, the frame 41 having a liquid interface and a communication interface, the liquid interface being used to connect the second connecting pipe and the heat exchange system, and the communication interface being used to connect the control center 42 and the heat exchange system.

[0034] In this embodiment, the frame 41 provides structural support for the entire heat dissipation device. Its internal space matches the overall layout of the battery cell assembly 10, liquid cooling unit 20, and pipes. The components are fixed by bolts or clips to ensure stability under vehicle vibration. The control center 42, as the core control component, is installed in the reserved mounting slot inside the frame 41. It is connected to the sensors and control components via wires and is responsible for receiving temperature data and issuing control commands.

[0035] The primary control valve 43 is an electromagnetic control valve, which is embedded in the inlet and outlet of the liquid cooling unit 20. Its valve body is sealed to the end of the first connecting pipe 31 and the interface of the liquid cooling unit 20. The opening degree can be adjusted by the electrical signal sent by the control center 42, thereby precisely controlling the liquid flow rate into and out of the liquid cooling unit 20. When the temperature of the battery cell assembly 10 corresponding to a certain liquid cooling unit 20 is high, the control center 42 can increase the opening degree of the primary control valve 43 at the inlet of the liquid cooling unit 20 to increase the cooling liquid flow rate and accelerate heat dissipation. The secondary control valve 44 is also an electromagnetic control valve, which is installed at the connection node between the second connecting pipe 32 and each first connecting pipe 31. One end of it is welded to the second connecting pipe 32, and the other end is connected to the end flange of the first connecting pipe 31. It can independently control the total liquid flow rate in the corresponding first connecting pipe 31. When the overall temperature of a certain row of liquid cooling units 20 is too high, the control center 42 can control the corresponding secondary regulating valve 44 of that row to increase the opening degree and increase the cooling liquid supply of the entire row of liquid cooling units 20; the heat exchange system is specifically a heat exchange and control system that the structure needs to be connected externally.

[0036] Furthermore, it also includes: multiple temperature control compensation plates 45, installed on the wall of the second connecting pipe, the temperature control compensation plates 45 being communicatively connected to the control center 42; a first buffer layer 46, installed between the two second connecting pipes 32; and a second buffer layer 47, installed between the cell assembly 10 and the frame 41.

[0037] In this embodiment, the temperature control compensation sheet 45 is a semiconductor material thin-film structure with integrated temperature sensing function, which is fixed to the outer wall of the second connecting pipe 32 by adhesive bonding and is evenly distributed along the length of the pipe. It is used to monitor the temperature of the cooling liquid flowing through the second connecting pipe 32 and transmit the data to the control center 42. This data serves as an important basis for the control center 42 to adjust the various levels of control valves and the heat exchange system. When the liquid temperature in a certain section of the pipe is abnormal, the control center 42 can quickly locate the corresponding liquid cooling unit 20 area and initiate targeted regulation.

[0038] The first buffer layer 46 is an elastic thermal insulation material, filling the gap between the two second connecting pipes 32. On the one hand, it reduces heat transfer between the two pipes, avoiding thermal interference between the low-temperature liquid on the inlet side and the high-temperature liquid on the outlet side; on the other hand, it absorbs the impact force generated by pipe vibration during vehicle operation, protecting the pipe connection parts. The second buffer layer 47 is a flexible buffer material, wrapping around the outer periphery of the cell assembly 10 and fitting against the inner wall of the frame 41. It can reduce rigid collisions between the cell assembly 10 and the frame 41, reducing vibration damage to the cell, and also reduce heat transfer between the cell assembly 10 and the frame 41 through its own thermal insulation properties, avoiding interference from the external ambient temperature of the frame 41 on the heat dissipation of the cell.

[0039] Furthermore, the battery cell assembly 10 is composed of multiple battery cell units, and the liquid cooling unit 20 has multiple independent cooling chambers, each of which has a liquid inlet and a liquid outlet. The primary control valve 43 is used to adjust the specific flow rate in the cooling chamber.

[0040] In this embodiment, the battery cell assembly 10 is composed of multiple battery cell units connected in series or parallel. Each battery cell unit is an independent battery cell. The battery cell units are arranged laterally to form the battery cell assembly 10, and the battery cell assembly 10 is arranged sequentially along a first preset direction, i.e., longitudinally. Correspondingly, the liquid cooling unit 20 is divided into multiple independent cooling chambers by partitions. The position of each cooling chamber corresponds one-to-one with a battery cell unit, and each cooling chamber has its own liquid inlet and outlet, which are connected to the first connecting pipes 31 on the liquid inlet and outlet sides, respectively. The primary control valve 43 corresponds one-to-one with the liquid inlet and outlet of each cooling chamber. Based on the real-time temperature of the corresponding battery cell unit, and through feedback from the temperature control compensation plate 45 and the battery cell's built-in sensor, it can independently adjust the liquid flow rate in the cooling chamber to achieve precise heat dissipation with "one control per cell"—for example, when the temperature of a certain battery cell unit is too high, the control center 42 can increase the opening of the primary control valve 43 of its corresponding cooling chamber to quickly reduce the temperature of that battery cell and avoid thermal runaway.

[0041] Furthermore, the second connecting pipes are arranged in a U-shape, and the two second connecting pipes are used to connect the first connecting pipe 31 with the liquid inlet and the first connecting pipe 31 with the liquid outlet, respectively.

[0042] In this embodiment, both second connecting pipes 32 adopt a U-shaped bend design, with their curvature matching the peripheral contour of the battery cell assembly 10, allowing them to closely conform to the edge distribution of the battery cell assembly 10. One U-shaped second connecting pipe 32 has its two ends sealed and connected to the ends of all the liquid inlet side first connecting pipes 31, forming a cooling pipe. Cooling liquid flows into this pipe and is distributed to the corresponding liquid inlet side first connecting pipes 31 via each secondary control valve 44. The other U-shaped second connecting pipe 32 has its two ends sealed and connected to the ends of all the liquid outlet side first connecting pipes 31, forming a return pipe. Liquid that has absorbed heat flows from each liquid outlet side first connecting pipe 31 into this pipe and is then transported to the heat exchange system. The U-shaped distribution design allows the second connecting pipes 32 to more evenly wrap around the battery cell assembly 10, shortening the connection distance with each first connecting pipe 31, reducing liquid flow resistance, and allowing liquid to enter from both ends of the first connecting pipes 31, reducing the problem of decreased cooling efficiency at the liquid outlet due to excessive lateral distance caused by single-sided liquid supply.

[0043] Furthermore, the secondary control valve 44 is used to compensate for the flow rate of the first connecting pipe 31 connected to the far end of the second connecting pipe 32.

[0044] In this embodiment, because the second connecting pipe 32 is U-shaped, the first connecting pipe 31 that is closer to both ends of the second connecting pipe 32 and the first connecting pipe 31 that is farther away will have a problem of lower liquid flow velocity at the far end due to the difference in liquid flow resistance. The secondary control valve 44 can compensate for the valve opening of the valve body corresponding to the first connecting pipe 31 connected at the far end through the preset program of the control center 42—that is, increase the opening of the secondary control valve 44 at the far end, reduce the liquid flow resistance, and make the liquid flow velocity in the first connecting pipe 31 at the far end consistent with that at the near end, so as to ensure that the cooling intensity of all liquid cooling units 20 is uniform and avoid the problem of inconsistent cooling effect of the battery cell assembly 10 and excessive temperature difference caused by the difference in flow velocity.

[0045] In summary, this invention achieves precise heat dissipation of the battery cell assembly 10 through the coordinated control of the primary control valve 43, the secondary control valve 44, and the control center 42; effectively reduces the temperature difference between different areas within the battery pack through the layout of the first connecting pipe 31 and the second connecting pipe 32 and the flow rate compensation of the secondary control valve 44; dynamically improves heat dissipation efficiency through the synergistic effect of the temperature control compensation plate 45 and the heat exchange system; and enhances the structural stability of the device through the setting of the buffer layer.

[0046] The above description is merely a specific embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any variations or substitutions that can be easily conceived by those skilled in the art within the technical scope described in the present invention should be included within the scope of protection of the present invention. Therefore, the scope of protection of the present invention should be determined by the scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A heat dissipation device for an automotive power battery pack, characterized in that, include: Multiple liquid cooling units (20) are distributed along the extension direction of a single cell assembly (10). The multiple liquid cooling units (20) are distributed on both sides of the cell assembly (10) along a first preset direction. One side of the liquid cooling unit (20) is provided with a liquid inlet, and the other side of the liquid cooling unit (20) is provided with a liquid outlet. The first connecting pipe (31) is distributed along the second preset direction. The first connecting pipe (31) is provided with a connection hole. The first connecting pipe (31) corresponds one-to-one with the liquid cooling unit (20). The connecting pipes are respectively arranged on both sides of the same liquid cooling unit (20) and are respectively used to connect the liquid inlet and the liquid outlet. Two second connecting pipes (32) are arranged around the periphery of the cell assembly (10), and the connecting pipes are connected to both ends of the first connecting pipe (31).

2. The heat dissipation device for an automotive power battery pack according to claim 1, characterized in that, Also includes: The frame (41) has a housing space for accommodating the battery cell assembly (10); The control center (42) is installed within the frame (41); A primary control valve (43) is installed on the liquid inlet and the liquid outlet to control the liquid flow rate between the first connecting pipe (31) and the liquid cooling unit (20). The primary control valve (43) is communicatively connected to the control center (42). A secondary control valve (44) is installed between the second connecting pipe and the first connecting pipe to control the liquid flow rate in each of the first connecting pipes. The secondary control valve (44) is communicatively connected to the control center (42). The heat exchange system has a liquid interface and a communication interface on the frame (41). The liquid interface is used to connect the second connecting pipe and the heat exchange system, and the communication interface is used to connect the control center (42) and the heat exchange system.

3. The heat dissipation device for an automotive power battery pack according to claim 2, characterized in that, Also includes: Multiple temperature control compensation plates (45) are installed on the pipe wall of the second connecting pipe, and the temperature control compensation plates (45) are communicatively connected to the control center (42); The first buffer layer (46) is installed between the two second connecting pipes (32); The second buffer layer (47) is installed between the cell assembly (10) and the frame (41).

4. The heat dissipation device for an automotive power battery pack according to claim 3, characterized in that, The battery cell assembly (10) is composed of multiple battery cell units. The liquid cooling unit (20) has multiple independent cooling chambers. Each cooling chamber has a liquid inlet and a liquid outlet. The primary control valve (43) is used to adjust the specific flow rate in the cooling chamber.

5. A heat dissipation device for an automotive power battery pack according to claim 4, characterized in that, The second connecting pipes are arranged in a U-shape, and the two second connecting pipes are used to connect the first connecting pipe (31) connected to the liquid inlet and the first connecting pipe (31) connected to the liquid outlet, respectively.

6. A heat dissipation device for an automotive power battery pack according to claim 5, characterized in that, The secondary control valve (44) is used to compensate the flow rate of the first connecting pipe (31) connected to the far end of the second connecting pipe (32).

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