Alk and pem electro-hydrogen plant co-ordination method based on multi-port converter

Abstract

The present application relates to the technical field of power system dispatching and operation, in particular to a kind of ALK and PEM electric hydrogen device coordination method based on multi-port converter, the method is applied to a kind of ALK and PEM electric hydrogen device coordination device based on multi-port converter, the method comprises: establishing the operation constraint of coordination device, and operation constraint at least includes transmission power limit constraint, electric hydrogen device operation constraint, converter power distribution precision constraint;Based on the profit mode of electric hydrogen device, the optimization target of electric hydrogen device coordination real-time scheduling is constructed to carry out real-time scheduling of ALK and PEM coordination electric hydrogen device for system comprehensive operation efficiency improvement;Electrolytic cell capacity optimization target is constructed to carry out differentiated capacity optimization to electric hydrogen device in different geographical locations, and electrolytic cell capacity optimization target is to maximize investment return rate.The present application can effectively realize the improvement of new energy power wave translation ability.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of power system dispatching and operation technology, specifically to a collaborative method for ALK and PEM electric hydrogen devices based on a multi-port converter. Background Technology

[0002] Utilizing hydrogen electrolysis units to locally absorb distributed renewable energy sources, reducing backfeeding of distributed renewable energy to the main grid, and lowering hydrogen production costs are effective means to achieve dual-carbon goals and are also important technologies in response to the hydrogen energy development strategy. However, the output of distributed renewable energy sources fluctuates significantly, causing unstable load rates in hydrogen electrolysis units. Unstable load rates lead to decreased hydrogen production efficiency, thereby increasing hydrogen production costs. Different types of hydrogen electrolysis units have varying tolerances to power fluctuations: alkaline electrolyzers (ALK) have poor tolerance to power fluctuations and a relatively narrow optimal range for hydrogen production efficiency, but lower investment costs; proton exchange membrane electrolyzers (PEM) have higher tolerance to power fluctuations and a relatively wide optimal range for hydrogen production efficiency, but higher investment costs.

[0003] Theoretically, this problem can be solved by constructing multiple electrolytic hydrogen reactors, using multi-electrolyzer load balancing technology to improve the system's ability to withstand fluctuations in renewable energy sources. However, in application scenarios such as rural areas where electricity loads are relatively small and investment entities are more diversified, there is no economic basis for investing in multiple electrolytic hydrogen reactors for a single distributed renewable energy cluster. Summary of the Invention

[0004] To address the aforementioned technical problems, the present invention aims to provide a collaborative method for ALK and PEM electro-hydrogen devices based on a multi-port converter. The specific technical solution adopted is as follows:

[0005] This invention provides a method for coordinating ALK and PEM electro-hydrogen devices based on multi-port converters. The method is applied to a coordinating device for ALK and PEM electro-hydrogen devices based on multi-port converters. The coordinating device includes: a plurality of DC / DC converters connected to a first DC bus, wherein the plurality of DC / DC converters are used to connect to a plurality of distributed renewable energy clusters, which are interconnected through a DC incremental distribution network; the coordinating device further includes an energy routing device based on the multi-port DC / DC converters connected to the first DC bus, wherein the multi-port DC / DC converters are connected to a plurality of electrolyzers; the method includes:

[0006] Establish operational constraints for the coordinated device, which include at least transmission power limit constraints, hydrogen-electric device operational constraints, and converter power allocation accuracy constraints.

[0007] Based on the profit model of the electro-hydrogen device, an optimization target for the collaborative real-time scheduling of the electro-hydrogen device is constructed to carry out real-time scheduling of the ALK and PEM collaborative electro-hydrogen devices to improve the overall system operation efficiency.

[0008] An electrolyzer capacity optimization objective is established to perform differentiated capacity optimization for hydrogen electrolysis devices in different geographical locations, with the objective being to maximize the return on investment.

[0009] In some possible implementations, the transmission power limitation constraints include at least: DC / AC bus transmission power limitation, multi-port DC / DC converter maximum power limitation, and AC / DC and DC / DC converter power limitation, with the corresponding calculation formulas as follows:

[0010] ;

[0011] ;

[0012] ;

[0013] ;

[0014] ;

[0015] ;

[0016] ;

[0017] ;

[0018] ;

[0019] In the formula: , They represent Power of DC and AC buses during the time period; Indicates a multi-port DC / DC converter Operating power during a given time period; , These represent the maximum power of the DC and AC buses, respectively. This indicates the maximum power of the multi-port DC / DC converter; , They represent the first AC / DC and DC / DC converters Operating power during a given time period; , They represent the first Maximum power of each AC / DC and DC / DC converter; Indicates the first Each electrolytic cell is in Hydrogen production capacity during a given time period; Indicates the first One fuel cell Power generation during a given time period; Indicates the first A distributed new energy cluster in Total power generation during the period; , They represent the first Power transmission from a distributed new energy cluster to the AC and DC buses; This represents the collection of all regional water electrolysis hydrogen production systems; This represents the set of all AC / DC converters.

[0020] In some possible implementations, the operational constraints of the electro-hydrogen device include at least hydrogen production efficiency constraints, hydrogen production power constraints, hydrogen storage tank capacity constraints, fuel cell power generation constraints, and electro-hydrogen conversion efficiency constraints; the corresponding calculation formulas are as follows:

[0021] ;

[0022] ;

[0023] ;

[0024] ;

[0025] ;

[0026] ;

[0027] In the formula: Indicates the first Each electrolytic cell is in Hydrogen production capacity during a given time period; Indicates the first One fuel cell Power generation during a given time period; , They represent the first The maximum operating power of each electrolyzer and fuel cell; , They represent the first One hydrogen storage tank is in Time period, State of charge over a period of time; Indicates the first The maximum energy storage capacity of each hydrogen storage tank; Indicates the first Each electrolytic cell is in Hydrogen production efficiency over a given period of time; Indicates the first Hydrogen conversion efficiency of a fuel cell; Indicates the first One hydrogen storage tank is in Load rate during the time period; Indicates the length of the scheduling period; Indicates the first The equivalent power of a hydrogen storage tank for selling hydrogen; Indicates the serial number of the electrolytic cell's power operating range; Indicates the first The first electrolytic cell Hydrogen production efficiency within the operating range; Indicates the first Each electrolytic cell operates within the power range. Electrolysis efficiency at that time; Indicates the first The first electrolytic cell The width of the segment's operating range; Indicates the first The first electrolytic cell The width of each power range.

[0028] In some possible implementations, the formula corresponding to the converter power allocation accuracy constraint is:

[0029] ;

[0030] ;

[0031] In the formula: Indicates the first Each electrolytic cell is in Hydrogen production capacity during a given time period; Indicates the power distribution accuracy of a multi-port DC / DC converter; Indicates the first A hydrogen electrolysis device in The amount of power allocated to a given time period; Indicates a multi-port DC / DC converter in Time period to the The transmission power of each electrolytic cell; Z represents the set of all regional water electrolysis hydrogen production systems; Z represents the set of integers.

[0032] In some possible implementations, the formula corresponding to the optimization objective of the constructed electro-hydrogen device for collaborative real-time scheduling is:

[0033] ;

[0034] In the formula: This represents the total profit of the hydrogen electrolysis unit; Represents a statistical time set; This represents the collection of all water electrolysis hydrogen production systems; Indicates the first A hydrogen electrolysis device in Peak-valley arbitrage profits during different time periods; Indicates the first A hydrogen electrolysis device in Performance evaluation during specific time periods avoids negative impacts; Indicates the first A hydrogen electrolysis device in Revenue from hydrogen exports during the period; Indicates the first A hydrogen electrolysis device in The time period is the electricity purchase cost of distributed new energy clusters.

[0035] In some possible implementations, the formula for calculating the peak-valley arbitrage profit is as follows:

[0036] ;

[0037] In the formula: This indicates the on-grid electricity price during peak electricity pricing periods; Indicates the length of the scheduling period; Indicates the first One fuel cell Power generation during a given time period;

[0038] The formula for calculating the benefits of performance evaluation avoidance is as follows:

[0039] ;

[0040] ;

[0041] ;

[0042] ;

[0043] In the formula: This indicates the cost of deviation assessment; This indicates the amount of change in deviation power; Indicates the first A distributed new energy cluster in The original deviation power for the time period; Indicates the first A distributed new energy cluster in The deviation power after correction by the hydrogen electrolysis device during the time period; Indicates the first A distributed new energy cluster in Total power generation during the period; Indicates the first Distributed new energy sources Predicted power for the time period; Indicates the first Each electrolytic cell is in Hydrogen production capacity during a given time period;

[0044] The formula for calculating the revenue from hydrogen exports is as follows:

[0045] ;

[0046] In the formula: This indicates the export price of hydrogen after conversion into energy. Indicates the first The equivalent power of a hydrogen storage tank for selling hydrogen;

[0047] The formula for calculating the cost of electricity purchase is as follows:

[0048] ;

[0049] In the formula: This refers to the electricity price for distributed renewable energy consumption in nearby areas.

[0050] In some possible implementations, the calculation formula corresponding to the electrolytic cell capacity optimization target is:

[0051] ;

[0052] ;

[0053] ;

[0054] ;

[0055] ;

[0056] ;

[0057] In the formula: This indicates the annual overall return on investment; This represents the total profit of the hydrogen electrolysis unit; Indicates the number of years it has been in operation; Indicates investment costs; Indicates electrolytic cell Investment costs; Indicates hydrogen storage tank Investment costs; Indicates fuel cell Investment costs; This represents the collection of all regional water electrolysis hydrogen production systems; , These represent the unit capacity investment costs for ALK and PEM electrolyzers, respectively. , Both represent indicative functions used to represent hydrogen electrolysis devices. The type of electrolytic cell configured; This indicates the unit capacity investment cost of the hydrogen storage tank; This indicates the investment cost per unit capacity of a fuel cell.

[0058] In some possible implementations, the method further includes setting constraints on new energy power deviation and power backfeed.

[0059] In some possible implementations, the calculation formula for the new energy power deviation constraint is as follows:

[0060] ;

[0061] ;

[0062] In the formula: Indicates power deviation index; Indicates the threshold value for power deviation; Represents a statistical time set; This represents the collection of all water electrolysis hydrogen production systems within the region. Indicates the first A distributed new energy cluster in The deviation power after correction by the hydrogen electrolysis device during the time period; Indicates the first A distributed new energy cluster in Total power generation during the period.

[0063] In some possible implementations, the formula for calculating the power backfeed constraint is:

[0064] ;

[0065] ;

[0066] ;

[0067] In the formula: This indicates the amount of electricity fed back into the system. This indicates the threshold value for the amount of electricity fed back into the system. Indicates hydrogen electrolysis device exist The reverse transmission power during the time period; Indicates the first A distributed new energy cluster in Total power generation during the period; Indicates the first One fuel cell Power generation during a given time period; Indicates the first Each electrolytic cell is in Hydrogen production capacity during a given time period; Indicates load exist Power consumption during a given time period; Represents a statistical time set; This represents the collection of all water electrolysis hydrogen production systems within the region.

[0068] This invention offers the following advantages: Multiple distributed renewable energy clusters are connected to the same DC bus via DC / DC converters, interconnected by a DC incremental distribution network, and then connected to individual electrolyzers via another DC line using an energy routing device based on a multi-port DC / DC converter. This constructs a collaborative device for ALK and PEM hydrogen electrolysis units. Operational constraints for this collaborative device are established, including at least transmission power limits, hydrogen electrolysis unit operation constraints, and converter power allocation accuracy constraints. Based on the profitability of hydrogen electrolysis units, an optimization objective for real-time collaborative scheduling of the units is constructed to improve the overall operational efficiency of the ALK and PEM collaborative hydrogen electrolysis units. An electrolyzer capacity optimization objective is also established to optimize the capacity of hydrogen electrolysis units in different geographical locations, with the goal of maximizing the return on investment. This invention achieves dynamic load optimization for multiple independent hydrogen electrolysis systems in different geographical locations, enhancing their overall resilience to fluctuations in distributed renewable energy sources. Attached Figure Description

[0069] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions and advantages in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0070] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the ALK and PEM electro-hydrogen device co-operation device based on a multi-port converter according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0071] Figure 2 This is a flowchart illustrating the steps of the collaborative method for the ALK and PEM electro-hydrogen devices based on a multi-port converter, according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0072] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the 30-day distributed renewable energy output and load curves in a certain region, according to an embodiment of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0073] To clearly illustrate the technical features of this solution, the invention will be described in detail below through specific embodiments and in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

[0074] Embodiments of the present invention will now be described in more detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. While some embodiments of the invention are shown in the drawings, it should be understood that the invention can be implemented in various forms and should not be construed as limited to the embodiments set forth herein. Rather, these embodiments are provided to provide a more thorough and complete understanding of the invention. It should be understood that the accompanying drawings and embodiments are for illustrative purposes only and are not intended to limit the scope of protection of the invention.

[0075] It should be understood that the various steps described in the method embodiments of the present invention may be performed in different orders and / or in parallel. Furthermore, the method embodiments may include additional steps and / or omit the steps shown. The scope of the present invention is not limited in this respect.

[0076] The term "comprising" and its variations as used herein are open-ended inclusions, meaning "including but not limited to". The term "based on" means "at least partially based on". The term "one embodiment" means "at least one embodiment"; the term "another embodiment" means "at least one additional embodiment"; the term "some embodiments" means "at least some embodiments". Definitions of other terms will be given in the description below.

[0077] It should be noted that the concepts of "first" and "second" mentioned in this invention are only used to distinguish different devices, modules or units, and are not used to limit the order of functions performed by these devices, modules or units or their interdependencies.

[0078] Although operations or steps are described in a specific order in the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, this should not be construed as requiring these operations or steps to be performed in the specific order or serial order shown, or requiring all of the shown operations or steps to be performed to obtain the desired result. In the embodiments of the present invention, these operations or steps may be performed serially; they may be performed in parallel; or a portion of these operations or steps may be performed.

[0079] The following will describe in detail the collaborative method of ALK and PEM electro-hydrogen devices based on multi-port converters provided by the embodiments of the present invention, with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0080] To achieve dynamic load optimization of multiple independent electrolytic hydrogen systems in different geographical locations and improve their overall resilience to fluctuations in distributed new energy sources, this invention considers the flexible power flow distribution function of multi-port DC / DC converters. By utilizing incremental distribution networks, multiple distributed new energy clusters and small-capacity single-stacking electrolytic hydrogen systems located in different geographical locations can be connected to a certain extent to achieve stable and balanced load of wide-area electrolytic hydrogen devices. Therefore, this embodiment of the invention constructs an energy routing device with a multi-port DC / DC converter as the core mechanism and designs supporting operation control technology to achieve dynamic optimization of electrolysis load rates of multiple systems with different performance and geographical locations.

[0081] First, such as Figure 1 As shown, this embodiment of the invention proposes a collaborative device for ALK and PEM electro-hydrogen devices based on a multi-port converter. The collaborative device includes: a plurality of DC / DC converters connected to a first DC bus, wherein the plurality of DC / DC converters are used to connect a plurality of distributed new energy clusters, and the distributed new energy clusters are interconnected through a DC incremental distribution network; the collaborative device also includes an energy routing device based on a multi-port DC / DC converter connected to the first DC bus, wherein the multi-port DC / DC converter is connected to a plurality of electrolyzers.

[0082] In this embodiment of the invention, in the above-mentioned collaborative device, multiple distributed new energy clusters are each connected to the same DC bus through DC / DC converters, interconnected through DC incremental distribution networks, and an energy routing device based on a multi-port DC / DC converter is established in the central area, which is then connected to each electrolytic cell by another DC line.

[0083] Based on the aforementioned ALK and PEM electro-hydrogen device coordination device based on a multi-port converter, this embodiment of the invention also provides a method for coordinating ALK and PEM electro-hydrogen devices based on a multi-port converter, such as... Figure 2 The cooperative operation method shown here specifically includes the following steps:

[0084] Step S100: Establish the operating constraints of the cooperative device, which include at least the transmission power limit constraint, the operating constraints of the hydrogen-electric device, and the power allocation accuracy constraint of the converter.

[0085] In this embodiment of the invention, the operational constraints of the above-mentioned cooperative device are established, including three aspects: transmission power limitation constraints, electric hydrogen device operation constraints, and converter power allocation accuracy constraints.

[0086] The transmission power constraints include: DC / AC bus transmission power limits, multi-port DC / DC converter maximum power limits, and AC / DC and DC / DC converter power limits. Transmission power will affect load balancing schemes; in some cases, to ensure safe equipment operation, it will be necessary to reduce hydrogen production efficiency to meet the maximum power constraints. The specific formulas for the transmission power constraints are as follows:

[0087] (1)

[0088] (2)

[0089] (3)

[0090] (4)

[0091] (5)

[0092] (6)

[0093] (7)

[0094] (8)

[0095] (9)

[0096] In the formula: , They represent Power of DC and AC buses during the time period, in MW; Indicates a multi-port DC / DC converter Operating power during a given time period, in MW; , These represent the maximum power of the DC and AC buses, respectively, in MW. This indicates the maximum power of the multi-port DC / DC converter, in MW. , They represent the first AC / DC and DC / DC converters Operating power during a given time period, in MW; , They represent the first The maximum power of each AC / DC and DC / DC converter, in MW; Indicates the first Each electrolytic cell is in Hydrogen production capacity per time period, in MW; Indicates the first One fuel cell Power generation during a given time period, expressed in MW; Indicates the first A distributed new energy cluster in Total power generation during the period; , They represent the first The power transmitted from a distributed new energy cluster to the AC and DC buses is expressed in MW. This represents the collection of all regional water electrolysis hydrogen production systems; This represents the set of all AC / DC converters in all regions.

[0097] The operational constraints of an electro-hydrogen device include: hydrogen production efficiency constraints (hydrogen production efficiency varies under different load rates), hydrogen production power constraints, hydrogen storage tank capacity constraints, fuel cell power generation constraints, and electro-hydrogen conversion efficiency constraints. The specific formulas are as follows:

[0098] (10)

[0099] (11)

[0100] (12)

[0101] (13)

[0102] (14)

[0103] (15)

[0104] In the formula: , They represent the first The maximum operating power of an electrolyzer and fuel cell, in MW; , They represent the first One hydrogen storage tank is in Time period, State of charge over a period of time (converted to a battery-like concept); Indicates the first The maximum energy storage capacity of each hydrogen storage tank, in MWh; Indicates the first Each electrolytic cell is in Hydrogen production efficiency over a given period of time; Indicates the first Hydrogen conversion efficiency of a fuel cell; Indicates the first One hydrogen storage tank is in Load rate during the time period; Indicates the length of the scheduling period, in hours (h). Indicates the first The equivalent power of a hydrogen storage tank for selling hydrogen, expressed in MW; Indicates the serial number of the electrolytic cell's power operating range; Indicates the first The first electrolytic cell Hydrogen production efficiency within the operating range; Indicates the first Each electrolytic cell operates within the power range. Electrolysis efficiency at that time; Indicates the first The first electrolytic cell The width of the operating section, in MW; Indicates the first The first electrolytic cell The width of each power range, in MW.

[0105] The formula corresponding to the power allocation accuracy constraint of the converter is:

[0106] (16)

[0107] (17)

[0108] In the formula: Indicates the power distribution accuracy of a multi-port DC / DC converter; Indicates the first A hydrogen electrolysis device in The amount of power allocated to a given time period; Indicates a multi-port DC / DC converter in Time period to the The transmission power of an electrolytic cell, measured in MW; Z represents the set of integers.

[0109] Thus, the design and operation model of the ALK electrolytic cell and PEM electrolytic cell collaborative device based on the multi-port DC / DC converter were completed.

[0110] Step S200: Based on the profit model of the electro-hydrogen device, construct the optimization target for the collaborative real-time scheduling of the electro-hydrogen device, so as to carry out real-time scheduling of the ALK and PEM collaborative electro-hydrogen device for improving the overall system operation efficiency.

[0111] In this embodiment of the invention, the profit-making methods for the electric hydrogen device include three approaches: first, earning the peak-valley electricity price difference; second, helping distributed new energy clusters reduce output deviations and thus reduce their assessment fees; and third, profiting from the sale of the prepared hydrogen. The operating cost of the electric hydrogen device is mainly the cost of purchasing electricity from the distributed new energy clusters.

[0112] In summary, the optimization objectives for the collaborative real-time scheduling of the hydrogen-electricity unit are as follows:

[0113] (18)

[0114] In the formula: The total profit of the hydrogen electrolysis unit is expressed in yuan. Represents a statistical time set; Indicates the first A hydrogen electrolysis device in Peak-valley arbitrage profits for a given period, expressed in yuan; Indicates the first A hydrogen electrolysis device in The assessment of performance during specific time periods avoids certain benefits, expressed in yuan. Indicates the first A hydrogen electrolysis device in Revenue from hydrogen sales during the period, in yuan; Indicates the first A hydrogen electrolysis device in The cost of purchasing electricity from distributed renewable energy clusters during a given period, expressed in yuan.

[0115] The formula for calculating the peak-valley electricity price difference is as follows:

[0116] (19)

[0117] In the formula: This represents the on-grid electricity price during peak electricity periods, expressed in yuan / MWh.

[0118] The formula for calculating the reduction in assessment expenses is as follows:

[0119] (20)

[0120] (twenty one)

[0121] (twenty two)

[0122] (twenty three)

[0123] In the formula: This represents the deviation assessment fee, in yuan / MWh; This represents the change in deviation power, expressed in MW. Indicates the first A distributed new energy cluster in The original deviation power for the time period, in MW; Indicates the first A distributed new energy cluster in The deviation power after correction by the electro-hydrogen device during the time period, in MW; Indicates the first Distributed new energy sources The predicted power for the time period is in MW.

[0124] The formula for calculating the profit from hydrogen exports is as follows:

[0125] (twenty four)

[0126] In the formula: This indicates the export price of hydrogen after conversion into energy, expressed in yuan / MWh.

[0127] The formula for calculating electricity purchase cost is as follows:

[0128] (25)

[0129] In the formula: This indicates the price for distributed renewable energy consumption in local areas, expressed in yuan / MWh.

[0130] Thus, the design of a real-time scheduling technology based on ALK and PEM collaborative hydrogen electrolysis unit for improving the overall operational efficiency of the system has been completed.

[0131] Step S300: Construct an electrolyzer capacity optimization target to perform differentiated capacity optimization for hydrogen electrolysis devices in different geographical locations. The electrolyzer capacity optimization target is to maximize the return on investment.

[0132] In this embodiment of the invention, considering that the investment costs, optimal hydrogen production ranges, and local distributed renewable energy power prediction accuracy of ALK and PEM hydrogen electro-hydrogen devices are different, directly determining the hydrogen device capacity based on the installed capacity of distributed renewable energy could easily lead to investment redundancy or insufficiency. Therefore, differentiated capacity optimization is required for hydrogen electro-hydrogen devices in different geographical locations.

[0133] The optimization objective is to maximize the return on investment. In addition, it is necessary to set constraints on the power deviation of distributed renewable energy and the amount of power fed back to ensure that the fundamental purpose of shifting the power output deviation of renewable energy is achieved.

[0134] The optimization target is calculated using the following formula:

[0135] (26)

[0136] (27)

[0137] (28)

[0138] (29)

[0139] (30)

[0140] (31)

[0141] In the formula: This indicates the annual overall return on investment; Indicates the number of years it has been in operation; This indicates investment costs, expressed in yuan. Electrolytic cell The investment cost is expressed in yuan. Indicates hydrogen storage tank The investment cost is expressed in yuan. Indicates fuel cell The investment cost is expressed in yuan. , The figures represent the unit capacity investment cost of ALK and PEM electrolyzers, respectively, in yuan / MW. , Both represent indicative functions used to represent hydrogen electrolysis devices. The type of electrolytic cell configured; This indicates the unit capacity investment cost of the hydrogen storage tank, expressed in yuan / MWh.

[0142] The formula for calculating the power deviation constraint of distributed renewable energy sources is as follows:

[0143] (32)

[0144] (33)

[0145] In the formula: Indicates power deviation index; This indicates the threshold for the power deviation index.

[0146] The formula for calculating the power backfeed constraint is as follows:

[0147] (34)

[0148] (35)

[0149] (36)

[0150] In the formula: This indicates the amount of electricity fed back into the system. This indicates the threshold value for the amount of electricity fed back into the system. Indicates hydrogen electrolysis device exist The reverse power during the time period, in MW; Indicates load exist Power consumption during a given time period, measured in MW.

[0151] Thus, the design of the electrolyzer capacity optimization technology, which takes into account the technical and economic characteristics of ALK and PEM electro-hydrogen devices as well as the output characteristics of distributed new energy sources, has been completed.

[0152] A set of numerical examples is used to verify the effectiveness of the above-described collaborative method for ALK and PEM electro-hydrogen devices based on multi-port converters provided in the embodiments of the present invention.

[0153] Suppose a rural power grid in a certain region has 6 distributed renewable energy clusters, whose day-ahead power forecast accuracy all follow a normal distribution with a mean of 0 and a standard deviation of 0.25. The total output curve and load demand curve of the distributed renewable energy in this region over 30 days are as follows: Figure 3 As shown.

[0154] Scenario parameter settings: The unit capacity investment cost for ALK and PEM electrolyzers is 600,000 RMB / MW and 1,500,000 RMB / MW, respectively; the unit capacity investment cost for a 35MPa hydrogen storage tank is 7,000 RMB / kg; and the investment cost for a fuel cell is 180,000 RMB / MW. The on-grid electricity price for new energy is 450 RMB / MWh, the local consumption electricity price is 150 RMB / MWh, and the deviation assessment fee is 600 RMB / MWh. The power change rates for ALK and PEM electrolyzers are 3% and 10% of maximum capacity / min, respectively, and for fuel cells, it is 20% of maximum capacity / min.

[0155] The simulation results are as follows: (For ease of comparison, the corresponding scenario of this technology is used as the benchmark, with a value of 1.00 pu).

[0156] Table 1 Comparison of the Implementation Effects of Collaborative Technologies

[0157]

[0158] The above examples illustrate that the collaborative method for ALK and PEM electric hydrogen devices based on multi-port DC / DC converters proposed in this embodiment of the invention can reduce the total investment cost of the system and reduce the risk of redundant construction while improving the ability to mitigate fluctuations and deviations in the output of distributed new energy sources.

[0159] It should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, and not to limit them. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications can still be made to the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or equivalent substitutions can be made to some of the technical features. Such modifications or substitutions do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, and should all be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A coordinated method for ALK and PEM electro-hydrogen devices based on a multi-port converter, characterized in that, The method is applied to a coordinated device for ALK and PEM electro-hydrogen devices based on multi-port converters. The coordinated device includes: a plurality of DC / DC converters connected to a first DC bus, wherein the plurality of DC / DC converters are used to connect to a plurality of distributed new energy clusters, which are interconnected via a DC incremental distribution network; the coordinated device further includes an energy routing device based on multi-port DC / DC converters connected to the first DC bus, wherein the multi-port DC / DC converters are connected to a plurality of electrolyzers; the method includes: Establish operational constraints for the coordinated device, which include at least transmission power limitation constraints, hydrogen-electric device operational constraints, and converter power allocation accuracy constraints. Based on the profit model of the electro-hydrogen device, an optimization target for the collaborative real-time scheduling of the electro-hydrogen device is constructed to carry out real-time scheduling of the ALK and PEM collaborative electro-hydrogen devices to improve the overall system operation efficiency. An electrolyzer capacity optimization objective is established to perform differentiated capacity optimization for hydrogen electrolysis devices in different geographical locations, wherein the electrolyzer capacity optimization objective is to maximize the return on investment. The formula corresponding to the optimization objective of the constructed electro-hydrogen device collaborative real-time scheduling is: In the formula: This represents the total profit of the hydrogen electrolysis unit; Represents a statistical time set; This represents the collection of all regional water electrolysis hydrogen production systems; Indicates the first A hydrogen electrolysis device in Peak-valley arbitrage profits during different time periods; Indicates the first A hydrogen electrolysis device in Performance evaluation during specific time periods avoids negative impacts; Indicates the first A hydrogen electrolysis device in Revenue from hydrogen exports during the period; Indicates the first A hydrogen electrolysis device in The cost of purchasing electricity during the period of distributed renewable energy clusters; The calculation formula corresponding to the electrolytic cell capacity optimization target is: In the formula: This indicates the annual overall return on investment; This represents the total profit of the hydrogen electrolysis unit; Indicates the number of years it has been in operation; Indicates investment costs; Indicates electrolytic cell Investment costs; Indicates hydrogen storage tank Investment costs; Indicates fuel cell Investment costs; This represents the collection of all regional water electrolysis hydrogen production systems; , These represent the unit capacity investment costs for ALK and PEM electrolyzers, respectively. , Both represent indicative functions used to represent hydrogen electrolysis devices. The type of electrolytic cell configured; This indicates the unit capacity investment cost of the hydrogen storage tank; This indicates the investment cost per unit capacity of a fuel cell.

2. The method for coordinated operation of ALK and PEM electro-hydrogen devices based on a multi-port converter according to claim 1, characterized in that, The transmission power limitation constraints include at least: DC / AC bus transmission power limitation, multi-port DC / DC converter maximum power limitation, and AC / DC and DC / DC converter power limitations, with the corresponding calculation formulas as follows: In the formula: , They represent Power of DC and AC buses during the time period; Indicates a multi-port DC / DC converter Operating power during a given time period; , These represent the maximum power of the DC and AC buses, respectively. This indicates the maximum power of the multi-port DC / DC converter; , They represent the first AC / DC and DC / DC converters Operating power during a given time period; , They represent the first Maximum power of each AC / DC and DC / DC converter; Indicates the first Each electrolytic cell is in Hydrogen production capacity during a given time period; Indicates the first One fuel cell Power generation during a given time period; Indicates the first A distributed new energy cluster in Total power generation during the period; , They represent the first Power transmission from a distributed new energy cluster to the AC and DC buses; This represents the collection of all regional water electrolysis hydrogen production systems; This represents the set of all AC / DC converters in all regions.

3. The method for coordinated operation of ALK and PEM electro-hydrogen devices based on a multi-port converter according to claim 1, characterized in that, The operational constraints of the electro-hydrogen device include at least the hydrogen production efficiency constraint, hydrogen production power constraint, hydrogen storage tank capacity constraint, fuel cell power generation power constraint, and electro-hydrogen conversion efficiency constraint; the corresponding calculation formulas are as follows: In the formula: Indicates the first Each electrolytic cell is in Hydrogen production capacity during a given time period; Indicates the first One fuel cell Power generation during a given time period; , They represent the first The maximum operating power of each electrolyzer and fuel cell; , They represent the first One hydrogen storage tank is in Time period State of charge over a period of time; Indicates the first The maximum energy storage capacity of each hydrogen storage tank; Indicates the first Each electrolytic cell is in Hydrogen production efficiency over a given period of time; Indicates the first Hydrogen conversion efficiency of a fuel cell; Indicates the first One hydrogen storage tank is in Load rate during the time period; Indicates the length of the scheduling period; Indicates the first The equivalent power of a hydrogen storage tank for selling hydrogen; The serial number indicating the operating power range of the electrolytic cell; Indicates the first Each electrolytic cell operates within the power range. Electrolysis efficiency at that time; Indicates the first Each electrolytic cell operates within the power range. Electrolysis efficiency at that time; Indicates the first The first electrolytic cell The width of each power range; Indicates the first The first electrolytic cell The width of each power range.

4. The method for coordinated operation of ALK and PEM electro-hydrogen devices based on a multi-port converter according to claim 1, characterized in that, The formula corresponding to the converter power allocation accuracy constraint is: In the formula: Indicates the first Each electrolytic cell is in Hydrogen production capacity during a given time period; Indicates the power distribution accuracy of a multi-port DC / DC converter; Indicates the first A hydrogen electrolysis device in The amount of power allocated to a given time period; Indicates a multi-port DC / DC converter in Time period to the The transmission power of each electrolytic cell; Z represents the set of all regional water electrolysis hydrogen production systems; Z represents the set of integers.

5. The method for coordinated operation of ALK and PEM electro-hydrogen devices based on a multi-port converter according to claim 1, characterized in that, The formula for calculating the peak-valley arbitrage profit is as follows: In the formula: This indicates the on-grid electricity price during peak electricity pricing periods; Indicates the length of the scheduling period; Indicates the first One fuel cell Power generation during a given time period; The formula for calculating the benefits of performance evaluation avoidance is as follows: In the formula: This indicates the cost of deviation assessment; This indicates the amount of change in deviation power; Indicates the first A distributed new energy cluster in The original deviation power for the time period; Indicates the first A distributed new energy cluster in The deviation power after correction by the hydrogen electrolysis device during the time period; Indicates the first A distributed new energy cluster in Total power generation during the period; Indicates the first Distributed new energy sources Predicted power for the time period; Indicates the first Each electrolytic cell is in Hydrogen production capacity during a given time period; The formula for calculating the revenue from hydrogen exports is as follows: In the formula: This indicates the export price of hydrogen after conversion into energy. Indicates the first The equivalent power of a hydrogen storage tank for selling hydrogen; The formula for calculating the cost of electricity purchase is as follows: In the formula: This refers to the electricity price for distributed renewable energy consumption in nearby areas.

6. The method for coordinated operation of ALK and PEM electro-hydrogen devices based on a multi-port converter according to claim 1, characterized in that, The method also includes setting constraints on new energy power deviation and power backfeed amount.

7. The method for coordinated operation of ALK and PEM electro-hydrogen devices based on a multi-port converter according to claim 6, characterized in that, The calculation formula for the new energy power deviation constraint is as follows: In the formula: Indicates power deviation index; Indicates the threshold value for power deviation; Represents a statistical time set; This represents the collection of all regional water electrolysis hydrogen production systems; Indicates the first A distributed new energy cluster in The deviation power after correction by the hydrogen electrolysis device during the time period; Indicates the first A distributed new energy cluster in Total power generation during the period.

8. The method for coordinated operation of ALK and PEM electro-hydrogen devices based on a multi-port converter according to claim 6, characterized in that, The calculation formula for the power backfeed constraint is as follows: In the formula: This indicates the amount of electricity fed back into the system. This indicates the threshold value for the amount of electricity fed back into the system. Indicates hydrogen electrolysis device exist The reverse transmission power during the time period; Indicates the first A distributed new energy cluster in Total power generation during the period; Indicates the first One fuel cell Power generation during a given time period; Indicates the first Each electrolytic cell is in Hydrogen production capacity during a given time period; Indicates load exist Power consumption during a given time period; Represents a statistical time set; This represents the collection of all regional water electrolysis hydrogen production systems.

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