Precise seed-metering device suitable for wide seedling zone planting of dry alkali wheat

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of agricultural machinery, and discloses a precise seed-metering device suitable for wide seedling zone planting of drought alkali wheat, which comprises a U-shaped seed box support body, a seed box fixed on the seed box support body, a roller seed-metering device mounted on the seed box support body, and a seed falling pipe positioned below the roller seed-metering device, the roller seed metering device comprises air pipes fixed at the two extending ends of the seed box supporting body through fixing shaft sleeves, air chamber partition plates fixed in the middles of the air pipes, bearings located on the two sides of the air chamber partition plates and arranged on the air pipes in a sleeving mode, bearing seats arranged on the bearings in a sleeving mode, chain wheels arranged on the air pipes in a sleeving mode and rollers arranged on the bearing seats in a sleeving mode; the device has the advantages of reducing seed damage and wide adaptability to seed shapes and sizes, and can further improve the qualification rate in the seeding process and reduce the miss-seeding rate, so that the seeding quality is greatly improved.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of agricultural machinery, in particular to a precision seed metering device suitable for wide seed strip planting of dry saline wheat. BACKGROUND

[0002] Dry saline wheat is a kind of wheat variety planted in saline-alkali environment in a rain-fed dry farming mode, mainly distributed in areas with high degree of salinization in China. As of 2024, the dry saline wheat planting area in Cangzhou City of Hebei Province accounts for more than 70% of the saline-alkali cultivated land in Hebei Province, and the total planting area in the province is increasing year by year. However, there are many difficulties in the process of dry saline wheat planting. On the one hand, there is a lack of precision planting mechanical equipment matched with dry saline wheat planting, and the precision level and reliability of the operation components are low. For example, the current seed metering device used is mostly mechanical seed metering device, and the precision of the seed metering device is poor. There are problems such as seeding precision, seeding uniformity, and seed waste in the process of dry saline wheat seeding. On the other hand, the seeding machinery of dry saline wheat and the seeding agronomy, as well as each seeding agronomy, need to be further integrated, and the degree of integration of the whole machine is not high, which cannot better adapt to the saline-alkali nature of dry saline wheat saline-alkali cultivated land and the planting mode of rain-fed dry farming. Therefore, it is urgent to upgrade the seeding machinery of dry saline wheat, and the precision seed metering device suitable for dry saline wheat seeding can greatly improve the difficulties faced in the process of dry saline wheat planting and improve the overall level of dry saline wheat seeding machinery. SUMMARY

[0003] In view of the above defects or deficiencies in the prior art, the present application provides a precision seed metering device suitable for wide seed strip planting of dry saline wheat to solve the problems existing in the prior art.

[0004] The main technical scheme is: a kind of precision seed metering device suitable for dry alkali wheat wide seedling strip planting, including U-shaped seed tank support body, seed tank fixed on seed tank support body, cylinder seed metering device installed on seed tank support body and seed drop tube located below cylinder seed metering device;The cylinder seed metering device includes wind pipe fixed in the two protruding ends of seed tank support body by fixed shaft sleeve, air chamber partition plate fixed in the middle of wind pipe, bearing located on both sides of air chamber partition plate and sleeved on wind pipe, bearing seat sleeved on bearing, chain wheel sleeved on wind pipe and cylinder sleeved on bearing seat;The middle part of wind pipe is provided with a partition plate that divides the inside of wind pipe into positive pressure wind pipe and negative pressure wind pipe, the air chamber partition plate includes C-shaped negative pressure air chamber partition plate, positive pressure air chamber partition plate and air chamber end cover provided at both ends of negative pressure air chamber partition plate and fixed on wind pipe, the negative pressure air chamber partition plate is coaxial with the wind pipe, the two positive pressure air chamber partition plates are arranged along the radial direction of the wind pipe, the area surrounded by the air chamber end cover, the positive pressure air chamber partition plate and the inner side of the outer circular surface of the cylinder is the positive pressure air chamber cavity, the positive pressure air chamber is opposite to the seed drop tube, the area surrounded by the air chamber end cover, the positive pressure air chamber partition plate, the negative pressure air chamber partition plate and the inner side of the outer circular surface of the cylinder is the negative pressure air chamber cavity, the pipe wall of the positive pressure wind pipe is provided with a positive pressure air chamber inlet communicated with the positive pressure air chamber, the pipe wall of the negative pressure wind pipe is provided with a negative pressure air chamber inlet communicated with the negative pressure air chamber, the chain wheel is fixed on the end face outside one side bearing seat, the cylinder is located at the outlet of the seed tank, the cylinder includes cylinder end cover sleeved and fixed on bearing seat, outer circular surface provided between two cylinder end covers and ladling hole provided on outer circular surface, the ladling hole is of stepped type, and the bottom of the ladling hole is provided with a type hole, and the type hole is a through hole.

[0005] Preferably, the outer side of the cylinder is provided with a protective cover, and a brush is arranged between the protective cover and the cylinder, and the brush is bonded to the inner wall of the protective cover.

[0006] Preferably, a guide plate is arranged at the outlet of the seed tank, the guide plate is provided with a groove on one side of the cylinder, and the groove is opposite to the ladling hole.

[0007] Preferably, the ladling holes on the outer circular surface of the cylinder are uniformly arranged.

[0008] Preferably, a circumferential notch is arranged on the air chamber end cover, a sealing ring is installed in the circumferential notch, and the sealing ring is located between the air chamber end cover and the outer circular surface of the cylinder.

[0009] Preferably, the chain wheel is connected with the output end of the driving device through a chain, and a chain passing hole is arranged on the seed tank support body.

[0010] The beneficial effects of the present application are: first, the seed metering device is designed in a roller structure, and the surface of the roller is uniformly distributed with special shaped holes and scooping holes, which can more efficiently and stably realize scooping and seed carrying; the continuous rotation of the roller cooperates with the guide plates to guide the seeds, so that the seeds can be continuously and stably supplied to the roller hole and scooping hole area, increasing the probability of successful scooping and improving the efficiency of the seed metering device.

[0011] Secondly, the seed metering device uses negative pressure airflow to cooperate with the scooping hole to scoop and carry seeds, and uses positive pressure airflow to cooperate with the brush to realize seed dropping and cleaning. Compared with the air type seed metering device which only relies on airflow or machinery for seed metering, the above design of the seed metering device not only has the advantages of reducing seed damage and wide adaptability to seed shape and size, but also can further improve the qualified rate of the seeding process and reduce the miss-planting rate, thereby greatly improving the seeding quality. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0012] Other features, objects and advantages of the present application will become more apparent from the following detailed description of non-limiting embodiments made with reference to the accompanying drawings: Figure 1 is a structural schematic view of the present application; Figure 2 is a top view of the present application; Figure 3 is a structural schematic view of the negative pressure air chamber cavity of the present application; Figure 4 is a structural schematic view of the positive pressure air chamber cavity of the present application; 1, seed tank; 2, seed tank support; 3, negative pressure air pipe; 4, fixed shaft sleeve; 5, brush; 6, shield; 7, positive pressure air pipe; 8, seed dropping pipe; 9, chain passing hole; 10, chain wheel; 11, jackscrew; 12, bearing seat; 13, guide plate; 14, roller; 15, scooping hole; 16, bearing; 17, shaped hole; 18, roller end cover; 19, negative pressure air chamber air inlet; 20, negative pressure air chamber cavity; 21, sealing ring; 22, air chamber end cover; 23, air flow partition piece; 24, air chamber partition plate; 25, positive pressure air chamber air inlet; 26, positive pressure air chamber cavity. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0013] The present application will be further described in detail below in combination with the drawings and examples. It can be understood that the specific examples described herein are only used to explain the related application, and are not a limitation on the application. In addition, it should be noted that only the parts related to the application are shown in the drawings for ease of description.

[0014] It should be noted that the embodiments in the present application and the features in the embodiments can be combined with each other without conflict. The present application will be described in detail below with reference to the drawings and in combination with the embodiments.

[0015] A precision seed metering device suitable for wide strip planting of dry alkali wheat, comprising a U-shaped seed tank support body 2, a seed tank 1 fixed on the seed tank support body 2, a roller seed metering device installed on the seed tank support body 2, and a seed dropping tube 8 located below the roller seed metering device; the seed tank 1 and the seed tank support body 2 are connected as a whole by welding, the roller seed metering device comprises an air pipe 3 fixed on the two extended ends of the seed tank support body 2 through a fixed shaft sleeve 4, an air chamber partition plate fixed in the middle of the air pipe 3, bearings located on both sides of the air chamber partition plate and sleeved on the air pipe 3, a bearing seat 12 sleeved on the bearings, a chain wheel 10 sleeved on the air pipe 3, and a roller 14 sleeved on the bearing seat 12; the seed tank support body 2 is connected with the fixed shaft sleeve 4 through a nut bolt, the fixed shaft sleeve 4 further fixes the air pipe through a jackscrew, a partition plate 23 is arranged in the middle of the air pipe 3 to divide the air pipe 3 into a positive pressure air pipe 7 and a negative pressure air pipe 3, the air chamber partition plate comprises a C-shaped negative pressure air chamber partition plate 20, a positive pressure air chamber partition plate 24, and air chamber end covers 22 arranged at both ends of the negative pressure air chamber partition plate 20 and the positive pressure air chamber partition plate 24 and fixed on the air pipe 3, the negative pressure air chamber partition plate 20 is coaxial with the air pipe 3, the two positive pressure air chamber partition plates 24 are arranged along the radial direction of the air pipe 3, an area surrounded by the air chamber end cover 22, the positive pressure air chamber partition plate 24, and the inner side of the outer circular surface of the roller is a positive pressure air chamber cavity 26, the positive pressure air chamber is directly opposite the seed dropping tube 8, an area surrounded by the air chamber end cover 22, the positive pressure air chamber partition plate 24, the negative pressure air chamber partition plate 20, and the inner side of the outer circular surface of the roller is a negative pressure air chamber cavity 20, a positive pressure air chamber inlet 25 is arranged on the wall of the positive pressure air pipe and communicates with the positive pressure air chamber, a negative pressure air chamber inlet 19 is arranged on the wall of the negative pressure air pipe and communicates with the negative pressure air chamber, the chain wheel 10 is fixed on the end face outside one side bearing seat 12, the roller 14 is located at the outlet of the seed tank 1, the roller 14 comprises a roller end cover 18 fixed on the bearing seat 12, an outer circular surface arranged between the two roller end covers 18, and a scooping hole 15 arranged on the outer circular surface, the scooping hole 15 is of a stepped type, a type hole 17 is arranged at the bottom of the scooping hole 15, the type hole 17 is a through hole and communicates with the air chamber in the roller, the outer circular surface of the roller is attached to the roller end cover 18 and is connected as a whole by spot welding and rotates together with the roller 14. A sealing ring 21 is arranged in a circumferential notch arranged on the air chamber end cover 22. The port of the negative pressure air pipe 3 communicates with a negative pressure device to generate negative pressure in the negative pressure air chamber cavity to adsorb seeds in the scooping hole and the type hole, a circular hole is arranged on the negative pressure air pipe 3 and is welded to extend the air pipe to the negative pressure air chamber inlet of the negative pressure air chamber cavity to make the negative pressure air flow into the negative pressure air chamber cavity. The port of the positive pressure air pipe 7 communicates with a positive pressure device to generate positive pressure in the positive pressure air chamber cavity to complete seed dropping and cleaning work by cooperating with a brush.

[0016] Preferably, the outer side of the roller 14 is provided with a shroud 6, and a brush 5 is arranged between the shroud 6 and the roller 14, and the brush 5 is bonded to the inner wall of the shroud 6. The shroud 6 and the seed box support 2 are fixed by nut bolts. The shroud 6 and the seed dropping pipe 8 are also fixed by welding.

[0017] Preferably, a guide plate 13 is arranged at the outlet of the seed box 1, and the guide plate 13 is provided with a groove on one side of the roller 14, and the groove is opposite to the seed scooping hole 15. The guide plate 13 is fixed by welding with the seed box support 2, and is coaxially matched with the roller 14, and there is a certain gap between the outer cylindrical surface of the roller 14 and the guide plate 13, so as to avoid motion interference.

[0018] Preferably, the seed scooping holes 5 on the outer cylindrical surface of the roller 14 are uniformly arranged.

[0019] Preferably, a circumferential notch is arranged on the air chamber end cover 22, a sealing ring 21 is arranged in the circumferential notch, and the sealing ring 21 is located between the air chamber end cover 22 and the outer cylindrical surface of the roller 14.

[0020] Preferably, the chain wheel 10 is connected with the output end of the driving device through a chain, and the seed box support 2 is provided with a chain passing hole 9.

[0021] In use, the roller is rotated under the driving of the chain wheel, the positive pressure air chamber cavity and the negative pressure air chamber cavity are fixed in different positions, the seeds are guided into the seed box, the seeds flow into the seed scooping holes and the shaped holes of the roller through the groove of the guide plate, at this time, the seeds in the seed scooping holes and the shaped holes of the roller are located in the region of the negative pressure air chamber cavity, and the seeds are adsorbed in the seed scooping holes and the shaped holes of the roller, when rotating to the region of the positive pressure air chamber cavity, the seeds in the seed scooping holes and the shaped holes fall into the seed dropping pipe under the double actions of the positive pressure airflow and the brush, and precision seed sowing is realized.

[0022] The above description is only the preferred embodiment of the present application and the explanation of the applied technical principles. It should be understood by those skilled in the art that the scope of the application involved in the present application is not limited to the technical solutions formed by the specific combination of the above technical features, and also covers other technical solutions formed by any combination of the above technical features or equivalent features without departing from the inventive concept. For example, the above features are replaced with the technical features disclosed in the present application but not limited to them, to form a technical solution.

Claims

1. A precision seed metering device suitable for planting drought-resistant and alkali-tolerant wheat in wide seedling strips, characterized in that, The system includes a U-shaped seed box support (2), a seed box (1) fixed on the seed box support (2), a roller seed metering device installed on the seed box support (2), and a seed drop pipe (8) located below the roller seed metering device; the roller seed metering device includes air ducts (3) fixed to the two protruding ends of the seed box support (2) by fixed bushings (4), an air chamber partition fixed in the middle of the air duct (3), bearings located on both sides of the air chamber partition and sleeved on the air duct (3), bearing seats (12) sleeved on the bearings, and a bearing on the air duct (3). The sprocket (10) and the roller (14) sleeved on the bearing seat (12); the middle part of the air duct (3) is provided with a partition (23) that divides the interior of the air duct (3) into a positive pressure air duct (7) and a negative pressure air duct (3). The air chamber partition includes a C-shaped negative pressure air chamber partition (20), a positive pressure air chamber partition (24), and air chamber end caps (22) provided at both ends of the negative pressure air chamber partition (20) and the positive pressure air chamber partition (24) and fixed on the air duct (3). The negative pressure air chamber partition (20) is coaxial with the air duct (3). The two positive pressure air chamber partitions are coaxial with the air duct (3). The air chamber baffle (24) is arranged radially along the air duct (3). The area enclosed by the air chamber end cap (22), the positive pressure air chamber baffle (24), and the inner side of the outer circular surface of the roller is the positive pressure air chamber cavity (26). The positive pressure air chamber faces the seed drop pipe (8). The area enclosed by the air chamber end cap (22), the positive pressure air chamber baffle (24), the negative pressure air chamber baffle (20), and the inner side of the outer circular surface of the roller is the negative pressure air chamber cavity (20). The positive pressure air duct has a positive pressure air chamber inlet (25) communicating with the positive pressure air chamber on its pipe wall. The negative pressure air duct has... The pipe wall is provided with a negative pressure air chamber inlet (19) that communicates with the negative pressure air chamber. The sprocket (10) is fixed on the end face of the outer side of the bearing seat (12) on one side. The roller (14) is located at the outlet of the seed box (1). The roller (14) includes a roller end cover (18) sleeved and fixed on the bearing seat (12), an outer circular surface between the two roller end covers (18), and a seed scooping hole (15) on the outer circular surface. The seed scooping hole (15) is stepped and has a shaped hole (17) at the bottom. The shaped hole (17) is a through hole.

2. The precision seed metering device for wide seedbed planting of drought-resistant and alkali-tolerant wheat according to claim 1, characterized in that, The outer side of the roller (14) is provided with a protective cover (6), and a brush (5) is provided between the protective cover (6) and the roller (14). The brush (5) is adhered to the inner wall of the protective cover (6).

3. The precision seed metering device for wide seedbed planting of drought-resistant and alkali-tolerant wheat according to claim 1, characterized in that, The seed box (1) is provided with a guide plate (13) at the outlet. The guide plate (13) and one side of the roller (14) are provided with a groove, which is directly opposite the seed scooping hole (15).

4. A precision seed metering device suitable for wide seedbed planting of drought-resistant and alkali-tolerant wheat according to claim 1, characterized in that, The seed-scooping holes (15) on the outer circular surface of the roller (14) are evenly spaced.

5. A precision seed metering device suitable for wide seedbed planting of drought-resistant and alkali-tolerant wheat according to claim 1, characterized in that, The air chamber end cover (22) is provided with a circumferential groove, and a sealing ring (21) is installed in the circumferential groove. The sealing ring (21) is located between the outer circular surface of the air chamber end cover (22) and the roller (14).

6. A precision seed metering device suitable for wide seedbed planting of drought-resistant and alkali-tolerant wheat according to claim 1, characterized in that, The sprocket (10) is connected to the output end of the drive device via a chain, and the seed box support (2) is provided with a chain passage hole (9).

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