Rolling forming equipment for aluminum alloy plate

Abstract

The invention discloses rolling forming equipment for an aluminum alloy plate, and relates to the technical field of aluminum alloy plate machining, and the rolling forming equipment comprises a supporting seat, a vertical plate, a lower roller, an upper roller, an adjusting assembly, a fine adjustment assembly and the like; the supporting seat and the vertical plate provide structural support, and the lower roller is driven by a motor to rotate; the upper roller is connected with the supporting piece through the guide rail piece and can move along with the supporting piece to adjust the rolling reduction. The adjusting assembly comprises a fixed sleeve, a movable sleeve and a supporting piece, and is driven through the chain wheel assembly, so that the decreasing pressure of the upper roller is realized, the later rolling force peak value is reduced, and the residual stress is reduced; the fine adjustment assembly utilizes a micro motor, an electric telescopic rod and the like to accurately control the micro displacement of the upper roller, plate thickness fluctuation is corrected, uneven thickness or surface indentation, thickness deviation and roller thermal expansion are avoided, defects are dynamically corrected, and the rolling quality and efficiency are improved.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of aluminum alloy sheet processing, and particularly relates to a rolling forming equipment for aluminum alloy sheet. BACKGROUND

[0002] In the field of aluminum alloy sheet rolling forming, the traditional rolling equipment relies on a fixed reduction mechanism and cannot dynamically adapt to changes in material deformation resistance. With the increase in rolling times, the thickness of the aluminum alloy sheet decreases, but the fixed reduction will cause the peak value of the rolling force to be too high in the later stage, causing the accumulation of internal residual stress in the sheet, increasing the risk of cracking or deformation. Due to the lack of real-time fine-tuning capability, the equipment cannot handle material property fluctuations (such as differences in deformation resistance of different aluminum alloy grades, thickness deviations of incoming materials, or temperature fluctuations), which causes uneven thickness, surface indentation, or wave-shaped defects, and frequent manual adjustments are required, reducing production efficiency and product consistency. SUMMARY

[0003] The present application provides a rolling forming equipment for aluminum alloy sheet, which solves the technical problems of insufficient thickness control precision and uneven stress distribution in the prior art. Through the reduction mechanism and the fine-tuning compensation function, the technical effects of precise thickness control, residual stress reduction, and defect dynamic correction are achieved.

[0004] The present application provides a rolling forming equipment for aluminum alloy sheet, which includes a support seat and a range finder. A pair of vertical plates is symmetrically installed on the support seat, and a lower roller driven by a motor is installed between the two vertical plates. A pair of sleeves is installed on the two sides of the vertical plate, and a support rod is slidably connected in the sleeve. A top plate is fixedly connected to the support rod. A plurality of guide members are equidistantly installed on the bottom of the top plate, and an inclined slot is formed in the guide member. An auxiliary L-shaped plate is symmetrically installed on the bottom of the top plate, and an upper roller is installed on the inner side of the auxiliary L-shaped plate. A support L-shaped plate is symmetrically fixedly connected to the support seat, and a plurality of adjustment assemblies are equidistantly installed on the inner side of the top of the two support L-shaped plates. The adjustment assembly includes a fixed sleeve, a moving sleeve, and a support member. A plurality of fixed sleeves are equidistantly fixed to the support L-shaped plate. The moving sleeve is vertically slidably connected to the fixed sleeve. The support member is horizontally slidably connected to the fixed sleeve. One end of the support member is spherical and slidably connected to the inclined slot of the guide member. The moving sleeve controls the sliding of the support member in the guide member through a chain wheel assembly and a fine-tuning assembly.

[0005] A main bevel gear is installed at both ends of the lower roller. A connecting plate is installed on the inner side of the vertical plate, and a rotating sleeve of rectangular structure is connected to the connecting plate through a bearing. A driven bevel gear is arranged at the other end of the rotating sleeve. The main bevel gear is engaged with the driven bevel gear. A sliding member of rectangular structure is connected to the connecting plate through a bearing at the bottom of the auxiliary L-shaped plate. One end of the sliding member is slidably connected to the connecting plate. A driven bevel gear is arranged at the other end of the sliding member, and a driven bevel gear is arranged at both ends of the upper roller. The driven bevel gear is engaged with the driven bevel gear.

[0006] The chain wheel assembly comprises a limiting plate fixed symmetrically at the bottom of the fixed sleeve, a plurality of chain wheels rotatably connected in the limiting plate, and a toothed chain engaged with the plurality of chain wheels; the plurality of chain wheels are distributed in a right triangle; a fixed block is fixed on the chain wheel close to the support; the other end of the fixed block is fixed to the bottom of the support;

[0007] The support is in T-shaped structure, and the fixed sleeve is provided with a T-shaped slot matched with the fixed sleeve; a plurality of linkage teeth arranged at equal intervals are arranged on the toothed chain close to one end of the moving sleeve, and the linkage teeth are in right triangle shape;

[0008] The outer section of the moving sleeve is fixed with a limiting block; a rectangular cavity is formed in the moving sleeve, and a counterweight box is fixed at the top of the rectangular cavity; the counterweight box is connected with an external dual-purpose pump to transport or pump out liquid; an electric telescopic rod and a micro dual-purpose pump are also installed in the rectangular cavity of the moving sleeve; and a roller is rotatably connected to the bottom of the moving sleeve;

[0009] The fine adjustment assembly comprises a linkage sleeve fixed to the output end of the electric telescopic rod and a clamping sleeve slidably connected in the linkage sleeve; the bottom of the linkage sleeve is provided with a micro motor; the output end of the micro motor is provided with a bolt which penetrates through the linkage sleeve; and one end of the clamping sleeve is threadedly connected with the bolt;

[0010] The other end of the clamping sleeve is hingedly provided with a clamping tooth through a torsional spring, and the clamping tooth is provided in plurality and engaged with the linkage tooth;

[0011] Bent rods are symmetrically fixed to the two side ends of the clamping sleeve, and a clamping jaw is arranged at the other end of the bent rod; one end of the clamping jaw is provided with a capsule, and the clamping jaw and the capsule are arranged on both sides of the toothed chain; the capsule is connected with the capsule through an air tube penetrating through the bent rod.

[0012] The roller is provided with a pressure sensor inside and at the end engaged with the linkage tooth.

[0013] The first The rolling reduction of the second upper roller is , the initial reduction is , and the reduction formula is:

[0014] ( ).

[0015] Wherein, k is a decreasing factor, representing the reduction ratio of the rolling reduction of the upper roller 144 each time, (integers, ) is the number of rolling times.

[0016] The value of k reflects the material deformation resistance (the deformation resistance of aluminum alloy increases with the decrease of thickness), the smaller the k value, the faster the reduction, and the more significant the reduction of the rolling force peak value.

[0017] Verification formula: rolling force optimization ratio .

[0018] Wherein, is the rolling force when the upper roller is fixedly pressed down (assumed constant), is the rolling force under the upper roller's decreasing press-down, approximately , wherein is the material-dependent coefficient (a ).

[0019] Rolling force formula: , (a > 0).

[0020] Ensure that > 0, and can feedback the trend that the rolling force decreases with the increase of the number of times, It can be calibrated by experiment (such as aluminum alloy grade difference).

[0021] Compensation efficiency: .

[0022] , m is the gain coefficient (a ).

[0023] Formula When the value of m increases, the compensation efficiency η increases accordingly, and the value of m is determined by the accuracy of the fine-tuning assembly.

[0024] Wherein, δ is the thickness deviation (the difference between the actual thickness and the target thickness), is the fine-tuning compensation amount (achieved by an electric telescopic rod), which is proportional to the deviation.

[0025] Residual stress reduction rate formula: , (λ > 0).

[0026] is the material coefficient (a > 0), and λ is the saturation coefficient.

[0027] One or more technical solutions provided in the present application have at least the following technical effects or advantages:

[0028] After one round of rolling of the aluminum alloy plate is completed, the moving sleeve moves down, the teeth are in contact with the linkage teeth and drive the tooth chain to rotate, the tooth chain rotation drives the linkage teeth and the support to move, the spherical end of the support moves in the guide member to the direction of the moving sleeve, that is, the lower moving distance of the upper roller gradually decreases with the increase of the rolling number of times, and the decreasing press-down amount can reduce the peak value of the rolling force in the later stage, the deformation resistance of the aluminum alloy plate significantly increases in the later stage of rolling, and the decreasing press-down amount can avoid excessive plastic deformation and reduce the internal residual stress of the plate.

[0029] The movement of the sleeve is controlled by a micro motor, so that the teeth remain in contact with the chain, and the gap between the teeth and the chain when the sleeve is lifted is eliminated, thereby ensuring the accuracy of the downward movement of the upper roller.

[0030] The decreasing pressure optimizes the stress distribution, but the fixed decreasing ratio cannot adapt to the fluctuations in material properties (such as differences in aluminum alloy grades and deviations in incoming material thickness). By inflating the air pipe with a micro dual-purpose pump, the capsule expands and is clamped on the chain with the clamping jaw, and the electric telescopic rod is activated to move up or down, pulling the chain to rotate, i.e., the spherical end of the support moves within the guide, i.e., the downward pressure of the upper roller is controlled. This can finely correct the fluctuations in sheet thickness, avoid uneven thickness or surface indentation caused by fixed pressure, and provide ±0.01-0.05mm level compensation for small pressure, adapt to the real-time deformation state of the material, and compensate for the temperature fluctuations, thickness deviations or roller thermal expansion of the sheet. In the rolling process, dynamic correction is achieved to avoid downtime adjustment. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0031] Figure 1 A structural perspective view of the present application for an aluminum alloy sheet rolling forming equipment;

[0032] Figure 2 A guide position diagram of the present application for an aluminum alloy sheet rolling forming equipment;

[0033] Figure 3 A partial sectional view of the present application for an aluminum alloy sheet rolling forming equipment;

[0034] Figure 4 A sprocket assembly half-sectional view of the present application for an aluminum alloy sheet rolling forming equipment;

[0035] Figure 5 A pressure sensor position diagram of the present application for an aluminum alloy sheet rolling forming equipment;

[0036] Figure 6 A bending rod structure diagram of the present application for an aluminum alloy sheet rolling forming equipment;

[0037] Figure 7 A capsule structure diagram of the present application for an aluminum alloy sheet rolling forming equipment.

[0038] In the figure:

[0039] 100, support seat; 101, range finder; 110, vertical plate; 120, lower roll; 121, main bevel gear; 130, sleeve; 131, connecting plate; 132, rotating sleeve; 133, from bevel gear; 140, support rod; 141, top plate; 142, guide rail piece; 143, auxiliary L-shaped plate; 144, upper roll; 145, sliding piece; 146, secondary from bevel gear; 147, secondary bevel gear; 150, support L-shaped plate; 200, adjusting assembly; 201, fixed sleeve; 2021, limiting block; 202, moving sleeve; 203, support piece; 204, counterweight box; 205, electric telescopic rod; 206, micro dual-purpose pump; 207, roller; 210, sprocket assembly; 211, limiting plate; 220, fine adjustment assembly; 212, sprocket; 213, chain; 214, fixed block; 215, linkage tooth; 221, linkage sleeve; 222, clamping sleeve; 223, micro motor; 224, clamping tooth; 225, bent rod; 226, clamping jaw; 227, capsule; 228, pressure sensor. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0040] In order to facilitate the understanding of the present application, a more complete description of the application will be provided below with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which the preferred embodiments of the application are shown. The application can be implemented in many different forms and is not limited to the embodiments described herein; on the contrary, these embodiments are provided to make the disclosure of the application more thorough and comprehensive.

[0041] It should be noted that the terms "vertical", "horizontal", "upper", "lower", "left", "right" and similar expressions used herein are only for illustrative purposes and do not represent the only embodiment.

[0042] Unless otherwise defined, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which the application belongs; the terms used herein in the specification are only for the purpose of describing the specific embodiments and are not intended to limit the application; the term "and / or" used herein includes any and all combinations of one or more related listed items.

[0043] Example one: as Figures 1 to 7As shown, the application is a kind of equipment for rolling aluminum alloy plate, which comprises a support base 100 and a range finder 101, and a vertical plate 110 is symmetrically installed on the support base 100, and a lower roller 120 driven by a motor is installed between the two vertical plates 110; a pair of sleeves 130 is installed on the two sides of the vertical plate 110, and a support rod 140 is slidably connected in the sleeve 130; a top plate 141 is fixedly connected to the support rod 140; a plurality of guide rail pieces 142 are equidistantly installed on the bottom of the top plate 141, and an oblique slot is formed in the guide rail piece 142; an auxiliary L-shaped plate 143 is symmetrically installed on the bottom of the top plate 141, and an upper roller 144 is installed on the inner side of the auxiliary L-shaped plate 143; a support L-shaped plate 150 is fixedly connected to the support base 100, and a plurality of adjusting assemblies 200 are equidistantly installed on the inner side of the top of the support L-shaped plate 150; the adjusting assembly 200 comprises a fixed sleeve 201, a moving sleeve 202 and a support piece 203; a plurality of fixed sleeves 201 are equidistantly fixed on the support L-shaped plate 150; the moving sleeve 202 is vertically slidably connected in the fixed sleeve 201; the support piece 203 is horizontally slidably connected in the fixed sleeve 201; one end of the support piece 203 is spherical and slidably connected in the oblique slot of the guide rail piece 142; the moving sleeve 202 controls the sliding of the support piece 203 in the guide rail piece 142 through a chain wheel assembly 210 and a fine adjustment assembly 220.

[0044] A main bevel gear 121 is installed at the two ends of the lower roller 120; a connecting plate 131 is installed on the inner side of the vertical plate 110, and a rotating sleeve 132 of rectangular structure is connected in the connecting plate 131 through a bearing; a driven bevel gear 133 is arranged at the other end of the rotating sleeve 132; the main bevel gear 121 is engaged with the driven bevel gear 133; a sliding piece 145 of rectangular structure is connected to the bottom of the auxiliary L-shaped plate 143 through a bearing; one end of the sliding piece 145 is slidably connected in the connecting plate 131; a driven bevel gear 146 is arranged at the other end of the sliding piece 145, and a driven bevel gear 147 is arranged at the two ends of the upper roller 144; the driven bevel gear 147 is engaged with the driven bevel gear 146.

[0045] The chain wheel assembly 210 comprises a limiting plate 211 fixedly connected to the bottom of the fixed sleeve 201, a plurality of chain wheels 212 rotatably connected in the limiting plate 211, and a toothed chain 213 engaged on the plurality of chain wheels 212; the plurality of chain wheels 212 are distributed in a right triangle; a fixed block 214 is fixed on the chain wheel 212 close to the support piece 203; the other end of the fixed block 214 is fixed to the bottom of the support piece 203.

[0046] The support piece 203 is of T-shaped structure, and the fixed sleeve 201 is provided with a T-shaped slot matched therewith; a plurality of equidistantly arranged linkage teeth 215 are arranged on the toothed chain 213 close to one end of the moving sleeve 202, and the linkage teeth 215 are right triangles.

[0047] The outer section of the moving sleeve 202 is fixed with a limiting block 2021; a rectangular cavity is formed in the moving sleeve 202, and a counterweight box 204 is fixed to the top of the rectangular cavity; the counterweight box 204 is connected with an external dual-purpose pump to transport or extract liquid; an electric telescopic rod 205 and a micro dual-purpose pump 206 are also installed in the rectangular cavity of the moving sleeve 202; and a roller 207 is rotatably connected to the bottom of the moving sleeve 202.

[0048] The fine adjustment assembly 220 comprises a linkage sleeve 221 fixed to the output end of the electric telescopic rod 205, and a clamping sleeve 222 slidably connected in the linkage sleeve 221; a micro motor 223 is installed at the bottom of the linkage sleeve 221; a bolt is installed at the output end of the micro motor 223 and penetrates through the linkage sleeve 221; and one end of the clamping sleeve 222 is threadedly connected with the bolt.

[0049] The other end of the clamping sleeve 222 is hingedly connected with a clamping tooth 224 through a torsional spring, and the clamping tooth 224 has a plurality of clamping teeth and is engaged with the linkage tooth 215.

[0050] Bent rods 225 are symmetrically fixed to the two side ends of the clamping sleeve 222, and a clamping claw 226 is arranged at the other end of the bent rod 225; a capsule 227 is arranged at one end of the clamping claw 226, and the clamping claw 226 and the capsule 227 are located on both sides of the tooth chain 213; and the capsule 227 is connected with the capsule 227 through an air tube penetrating through the bent rod 225.

[0051] A pressure sensor 228 is arranged inside the roller 207 and at the end of the clamping tooth 224 engaged with the linkage tooth 215.

[0052] The first rolling reduction of the upper roller 144 is defined as , the initial reduction is , and the reduction formula is:

[0053] ( ).

[0054] Wherein, k is a decreasing factor, representing the reduction ratio of the rolling reduction of the upper roller 144 each time, (integers, ) is the number of rolling times.

[0055] The value of k reflects the material deformation resistance (the deformation resistance of aluminum alloy increases with the decrease of thickness), the smaller the k value, the faster the reduction, and the more significant the peak reduction of rolling force.

[0056] Verification formula: rolling force optimization ratio .

[0057] Wherein, is the rolling force when the upper roller 144 is fixed (assuming constant),​ The rolling force under the reduced pressure of the upper roll 144 is approximately... ,in It is the material dependence coefficient ( ).

[0058] Rolling force formula: , ( >0).

[0059] Ensure that the value is greater than 0, and that it can reflect the decreasing trend of rolling force with increasing number of passes. It can be calibrated experimentally (e.g., by differences in aluminum alloy grades), where e represents the natural constant.

[0060] Compensation efficiency: .

[0061] m is the gain coefficient ( ).

[0062] formula As the value of m increases, the compensation efficiency η increases accordingly. The value of m is determined by the accuracy of the fine-tuning component.

[0063] Where δ is the thickness deviation (the difference between the actual thickness and the target thickness). The fine-tuning compensation amount (achieved by an electric extender) is proportional to the deviation.

[0064] Formula for residual stress reduction rate: , (λ>0).

[0065] It is the material coefficient ( (>0), where λ is the saturation coefficient.

[0066] λ determines the residual stress reduction rate Approaching saturation value The speed or slowness;

[0067] The larger the λ value, the faster the curve rises and the faster it reaches saturation. This indicates that the residual stress in the material is basically released after only a few rolling cycles.

[0068] The smaller the λ value, the slower the curve rises, requiring more rolling passes to approach the saturation value. This indicates a slower stress release process in the material.

[0069] The value of λ is determined by both material (alloy grade and condition) and process (rolling temperature, deformation per pass, rolling speed and lubrication conditions, initial stress state).

[0070] The implementation steps are as follows:

[0071] The device processes 6061 aluminum alloy plate, the initial plate thickness is 10.0 mm, the target thickness is 5.0 mm, and the target thickness is planned to be completed by 5 times of rolling (n = 1 to 5), the device parameter settings are as follows: the initial reduction is 1.0 mm (the first rolling reduction).

[0072] The decrement factor k = 0.95 (reflecting the characteristics of the deformation resistance of 6061 aluminum alloy with the decrease of thickness).

[0073] The material-dependent coefficient β = 0.1 (calibrated by experiment, suitable for 6061 aluminum alloy).

[0074] The gain coefficient m = 0.8 (determined by the accuracy of the electric telescopic rod 205).

[0075] The thickness deviation δ = 0.02 mm (simulation value).

[0076] The material coefficient α = 0.85 and the saturation coefficient λ = 0.2 (based on the residual stress characteristics of 6061 aluminum alloy).

[0077] The natural constant e ≈ 2.718.

[0078] After the device is started, the distance meter 101 monitors the plate thickness in real time. The adjusting assembly 200 and the fine-tuning assembly 220 work together to realize the reduction of the reduction and dynamic compensation.

[0079] Step one (reduction reduction control, apply formula: ): The device realizes the reduction of the reduction through the adjusting assembly 200. After each rolling, the moving sleeve 202 moves down, drives the chain wheel assembly 210 to rotate, and makes the support 203 slide in the inclined groove of the guide rail 142, thereby controlling the reduction of the upper roller 144.

[0080] First rolling (n = 1): , the plate thickness is reduced to 10.0-0.95 = 9.05 mm.

[0081] Second rolling (n = 2): , the plate thickness is reduced to 9.05-0.9025 = 8.1475 mm.

[0082] Third rolling (n = 3): , the plate thickness is reduced to 8.1475-0.8574 7.2901 mm.

[0083] Fourth rolling (n = 4): , the plate thickness is reduced to 7.2901- 6.4756 mm.

[0084] ​5th rolling (n=5): , the plate thickness is reduced to 6.4756-0.7738 5.7018mm (close to the target 5.0 mm).

[0085] Step two (rolling force optimization, apply formula: ): the decreasing reduction reduces the rolling force peak. The rolling force optimization ratio is The actual rolling force and the fixed reduction rolling force ratio <1 indicates optimization.

[0086] n=1, (reduction of rolling force 9.52%).

[0087] n=2, (reduction of rolling force 18.13%).

[0088] n=3, (reduction of rolling force 25.92%).

[0089] n=4, (reduction of rolling force 32.97%).

[0090] n=5, (reduction of rolling force 39.35%).

[0091] Step (fine compensation, apply formula: and )

[0092] In the third rolling, the thickness deviation δ=0.02mm (actual thickness 7.2901 mm vs target 7.28 mm) is detected by the distance meter, and the fine adjustment assembly 220 starts: the micro dual-purpose pump 206 inflates the capsule 227, the pawl 226 clamps the tooth chain 213, and the electric telescopic rod 205 pulls the support 203 to move slightly.

[0093] Fine compensation amount: .

[0094] Compensation efficiency: (namely 80%).

[0095] After compensation, the rolling down amount of the upper roller 144 increases by 0.016 mm, and the thickness is corrected to the target value. The pressure sensor 228 ensures that the pawl 224 is in close contact with the linkage tooth 215, avoiding gap errors, and m=0.8 indicates high-precision fine adjustment (±0.016 mm level), dynamic processing of temperature fluctuations or roller thermal expansion.

[0096] Step 4 (residual stress reduction, apply formula: )

[0097] Decreasing internal residual stress, residual stress reduction rate Approaching saturation value α (λ control approaching speed).

[0098] n=1: (reduction 15.41%).

[0099] n=2: (reduction 28.02%).

[0100] n=3: (reduction 38.35%).

[0101] n=4: (reduction 46.81%).

[0102] n=5: (reduction 53.73%).

[0103] λ=0.2 represents a medium approaching speed (the greater λ, the faster saturation). When n=5, stress reduction is 53.73%, which is significantly lower than fixed reduction.

[0104] Specific implementation: when using the device, first place the aluminum alloy plate between the upper roller 144 and the lower roller 120, then start the motor, the motor drives the lower roller 120 to rotate, the main bevel gear 121 on the lower roller 120 drives the driven bevel gear 133 to rotate, the driven bevel gear 133 drives the rotating sleeve 132 to rotate, the rotating sleeve 132 drives the sliding piece 145 to rotate, the sliding piece 145 drives the secondary driven bevel gear 146 to rotate, the secondary driven bevel gear 146 drives the secondary bevel gear 147 to rotate, and the secondary bevel gear 147 drives the upper roller 144 to rotate, that is, the upper roller 144 and the lower roller 120 rotate in opposite directions; at this time, the moving sleeve 202 is limited on the fixed sleeve 201 by the limiting block 2021, when the aluminum alloy plate contacts the roller 207, the roller 207 rolls on the surface of the aluminum alloy plate under the action of the force of the aluminum alloy plate, and after the roller 207 rolls on the aluminum alloy plate (at this time, the counterweight box 204 is not filled with liquid, reducing the overall weight of the moving sleeve 202, preventing the overall weight of the moving sleeve 202 from being too heavy, causing the aluminum alloy plate to have a pressure mark), the moving sleeve 202 is driven to move upwards along the fixed sleeve 201, at this time, the pawl 224 contacts the linkage tooth 215, but due to the action of the torsional spring, the pawl 224 moves along the inclined surface of the linkage tooth 215, that is, the tooth chain 213 will not be driven to rotate.

[0105] When the aluminum alloy plate is rolled for one round, the moving sleeve 202 is lowered (the counterweight box 204 is filled with an appropriate amount of liquid to speed up the lowering speed of the moving sleeve 202), at this time the clamping teeth 224 are engaged with the linkage teeth 215, the moving sleeve 202 drives the tooth chain 213 to rotate clockwise, the tooth chain 213 drives the fixed block 214 to move, the fixed block 214 drives the support 203 to move towards the moving sleeve 202, that is, the spherical end of the support 203 slides in the inclined slot of the guide rail 142 towards the moving sleeve 202, so that the top plate 141 is lowered to drive the upper roller 144 to move downward; Because the thickness of the aluminum alloy plate is reduced after the last round of rolling, when the next round of rolling is performed, the aluminum alloy plate contacts the roller 207, and the height of the moving sleeve 202 lifted will be reduced; Repeating the above steps can gradually reduce the distance of the upper roller 144 pressing down as the thickness of the aluminum alloy plate decreases;

[0106] In order to prevent the moving sleeve 202 from being lifted, the clamping teeth 224 are suspended between the two linkage teeth 215, that is, the position of A, which will cause the distance between the clamping teeth 224 and the linkage teeth 215 to be not accurate when the clamping teeth 224 move to contact the linkage teeth 215, so that the upper roller 144 moves downward by an inaccurate amount; The solution is that after the aluminum alloy plate contacts the roller 207, the pressure sensor 228 in the roller 207 receives a pressure feedback signal and transmits it to the control system, the control system starts the pressure sensor 228 provided at one end of the clamping teeth 224, checks whether the pressure sensor 228 contacts the linkage teeth 215 through the pressure sensor 228 provided at one end of the clamping teeth 224, if not, the pressure sensor 228 transmits a signal to the control system that the clamping teeth 224 do not contact the linkage teeth 215, and the control system starts the micro motor 223, which is then started and rotated, the output end of the micro motor 223 rotates to drive the sleeve 222 to move upward until the pressure sensor 228 of the clamping teeth 224 contacts the linkage teeth 215, and the control system stops the rotation of the micro motor 223.

[0107] In the rolling process, in order to meet the thickness of the characteristics, it is necessary to accurately control the distance of the upper roller 144 pressing down, in order to meet the above expectations, the current thickness of the aluminum alloy plate is checked by the distance measuring instrument 101, the air pipe is inflated by the micro dual-purpose pump 206, the capsule 227 is expanded and clamped on the tooth chain 213 in cooperation with the clamping jaw 226, and the electric telescopic rod 205 is started to move upward or downward, the tooth chain 213 is rotated, that is, the spherical end of the support 203 moves in the guide rail 142, that is, the small amount of pressing down of the upper roller 144 is controlled.

[0108] One or more technical solutions provided in the present application have at least the following technical effects or advantages:

[0109] After the aluminum alloy plate is rolled for one round, the moving sleeve 202 moves downward, the clamping teeth 224 are in contact with the linkage teeth 215 and drive the sprocket chain 213 to rotate, the sprocket chain 213 drives the fixed block 214 and the support 203 to move, the spherical end of the support 203 moves in the guide rail 142 to the direction of the moving sleeve 202, that is, the downward moving distance of the upper roller 144 gradually decreases with the increase of the rolling number, and the decreasing amount of pressure can reduce the peak value of the rolling force in the later stage, the deformation resistance of the aluminum alloy plate is significantly increased in the later stage of rolling, and the decreasing amount of pressure can avoid excessive plastic deformation and reduce the internal residual stress of the plate.

[0110] The movement of the clamping sleeve 222 is controlled by the micro motor 223, so that the clamping teeth 224 remain in contact with the sprocket chain 213, solving the problem that there is a gap between the clamping teeth 224 and the sprocket chain 213 when the moving sleeve 202 is lifted, causing the downward moving distance of the upper roller 144 to be inaccurate.

[0111] Although the decreasing amount of pressure optimizes the stress distribution, the fixed decreasing ratio cannot adapt to the fluctuation of material properties (such as aluminum alloy grade difference and incoming material thickness deviation), the micro dual-purpose pump 206 is used to inflate the air pipe, so that the capsule 227 is expanded and clamped on the sprocket chain 213 in cooperation with the clamping jaw 226, and the electric telescopic rod 205 is started to move upward or downward, pulling the sprocket chain 213 to rotate, that is, the spherical end of the support 203 moves in the guide rail 142, that is, the downward moving distance of the upper roller 144 is controlled, which can finely correct the thickness fluctuation of the plate, avoid thickness unevenness or surface indentation caused by fixed pressure, and the small amount of pressure provides compensation of ±0.01-0.05mm level, adapts to the real-time deformation state of the material, the thickness of the plate before and after is not the same, and the fine adjustment of the downward moving distance can compensate for the temperature fluctuation, thickness deviation or roller thermal expansion of the plate in real time, dynamically corrects in the rolling process, and avoids shutdown adjustment.

[0112] The above only describes the preferred embodiments of the present application and is not used to limit the present application, and the present application can have various changes and variations for those skilled in the art. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principles of the present application shall be included in the protection scope of the present application.

Claims

1. A rolling forming device for aluminum alloy sheets, comprising a support base (100) and a rangefinder (101), characterized in that, A vertical plate (110) is symmetrically mounted on the support base (100), and a lower roller (120) driven by a motor is installed between the two vertical plates (110); a pair of sleeves (130) are installed on both sides of the vertical plate (110), and a support rod (140) is slidably connected inside the sleeve (130); a top plate (141) is fixedly connected to the support rod (140); a plurality of guide rails (142) are equidistantly mounted on the bottom of the top plate (141), and oblique grooves are opened in the guide rails (142); an auxiliary L-shaped plate (143) is symmetrically mounted on the bottom of the top plate (141), and an upper roller (144) is installed on the inner side of the auxiliary L-shaped plate (143); a support L-shaped plate (150) is symmetrically fixedly connected to the support base (100). Multiple adjustment components (200) are equidistantly installed on the inner top of the two supporting L-shaped plates (150); the adjustment components (200) include a fixed sleeve (201), a movable sleeve (202), and a support member (203); the multiple fixed sleeves (201) are equidistantly fixed on the supporting L-shaped plates (150); the movable sleeve (202) is vertically slidably connected to the fixed sleeve (201); the support member (203) is horizontally slidably connected to the fixed sleeve (201); one end of the support member (203) is spherical and is slidably connected to the inclined groove of the guide rail member (142); the movable sleeve (202) controls the support member (203) to slide within the guide rail member (142) through the sprocket assembly (210) and the fine-tuning assembly (220).

2. The rolling and forming equipment for aluminum alloy sheets as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The lower roll (120) is equipped with main bevel gears (121) at both ends; a connecting plate (131) is installed on the inner side of the vertical plate (110), and a rectangular rotating sleeve (132) is connected to the connecting plate (131) through a bearing; a driven bevel gear (133) is provided at the other end of the rotating sleeve (132); the main bevel gear (121) meshes with the driven bevel gear (133); a rectangular sliding member (145) is connected to the bottom of the auxiliary L-shaped plate (143) through a bearing; one end of the sliding member (145) is slidably connected to the connecting plate (131); a secondary driven bevel gear (146) is provided at the other end of the sliding member (145); secondary bevel gears (147) are provided at both ends of the upper roll (144); the secondary bevel gears (147) mesh with the secondary driven bevel gears (146).

3. The rolling and forming equipment for aluminum alloy sheets as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The sprocket assembly (210) includes a limiting plate (211) symmetrically fixed to the bottom of the fixing sleeve (201), a plurality of sprockets (212) rotatably connected to the limiting plate (211), and a toothed chain (213) meshing with the plurality of sprockets (212); the plurality of sprockets (212) are distributed in a right-angled triangle; a fixing block (214) is fixed on the sprocket (212) near the support member (203); the other end of the fixing block (214) is fixed to the bottom of the support member (203).

4. The rolling and forming equipment for aluminum alloy sheets as described in claim 3, characterized in that, The support member (203) has a T-shaped structure, and the fixed sleeve (201) has a T-shaped groove that matches it; the toothed chain (213) near one end of the movable sleeve (202) is provided with multiple equidistant linkage teeth (215), and the linkage teeth (215) are right triangles.

5. The rolling and forming equipment for aluminum alloy sheets as described in claim 4, characterized in that, The outer cross section of the movable sleeve (202) is fixed with a limit block (2021); a rectangular cavity is opened inside the movable sleeve (202), and a counterweight box (204) is fixed at the top of the rectangular cavity. The counterweight box (204) delivers or extracts liquid to or from the cavity through an external dual-purpose pump; an electric telescopic rod (205) and a micro dual-purpose pump (206) are also installed in the rectangular cavity of the movable sleeve (202); a roller (207) is rotatably connected to the bottom of the movable sleeve (202).

6. The rolling and forming equipment for aluminum alloy sheets as described in claim 5, characterized in that, The fine-tuning component (220) includes a linkage sleeve (221) fixed to the output end of the electric telescopic rod (205) and a retainer (222) slidably connected inside the linkage sleeve (221); a micro motor (223) is installed at the bottom of the linkage sleeve (221); a bolt is installed at the output end of the micro motor (223) and passes through the linkage sleeve (221); one end of the retainer (222) is threadedly connected to the bolt.

7. The rolling and forming equipment for aluminum alloy sheets as described in claim 6, characterized in that, The other end of the sleeve (222) is hinged with a locking tooth (224) by a torsion spring. There are multiple locking teeth (224), which mesh with the linkage tooth (215).

8. The rolling and forming equipment for aluminum alloy sheets as described in claim 7, characterized in that, The sleeve (222) is symmetrically fixed with bending rods (225) on both sides. The other end of the bending rod (225) is provided with a claw (226). One end of the claw (226) is provided with a bladder (227). The claw (226) and the bladder (227) are located on both sides of the toothed chain (213). The bladder (227) is connected to the bending rod (225) through a trachea.

9. The rolling and forming equipment for aluminum alloy sheets as described in claim 8, characterized in that, Pressure sensors (228) are provided inside the roller (207) and at the meshing end of the locking teeth (224) and the linkage teeth (215).

10. A rolling and forming equipment for aluminum alloy sheets as described in any one of claims 1-9, characterized in that, The pressure reduction of the upper roll (144) satisfies the following relationship: Where k is a decreasing factor, For the number of rolling passes, This is the initial reduction amount; Rolling force optimization ratio : ,in It is the material dependence coefficient, and e is the natural constant; Fine-tuning compensation efficiency: m is the gain coefficient, and δ is the thickness deviation. To fine-tune the compensation amount; Residual stress reduction rate satisfy: , λ is the material coefficient, and λ is the saturation coefficient.

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