Extrusion wheel for continuous extrusion
By designing obtuse-angle transitions of annular grooves and surface pit structures on the extrusion roller, the problems of stress concentration on the extrusion roller and material layer shedding are solved, resulting in higher equipment stability and service life.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202511301799.2
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Applications(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2025-09-12
- Publication Date
- 2025-11-18
AI Technical Summary
In existing continuous extrusion equipment, the extrusion wheel structure suffers from stress concentration and easy shedding of the bar material layer, resulting in high equipment maintenance frequency, low production efficiency and high processing costs.
Design an extrusion wheel for continuous extrusion, which adopts an annular groove structure, including a straight section, an arc section and a transition section of the wheel groove. Through obtuse angle transition and surface pit structure, the stress distribution is optimized and the bonding strength between the bar material layer and the wheel groove is enhanced.
It effectively reduces stress concentration in the extrusion wheel groove, extends service life, improves equipment operation stability and production efficiency, and reduces maintenance frequency and cost.
Smart Images
Figure CN120961656A_ABST
Abstract
Description
TECHNICAL FIELD
[0001] The present application belongs to the technical field of non-ferrous metal extrusion forming, and particularly relates to an extrusion wheel for continuous extrusion. BACKGROUND
[0002] As an important process method in the field of metal plastic processing, the structure design of the core device, the extrusion wheel, of the continuous extrusion technology directly affects the working efficiency and service life of the equipment. In the traditional continuous extrusion device, the rod material is driven forward by the friction force between the extrusion wheel groove and the rod material. To ensure sufficient driving force to drive the rod material, a stable combined rod material layer needs to be formed on the surface of the extrusion wheel groove as a friction medium to increase the friction force between the extrusion wheel groove and the rod material. The rod material layer needs to be closely attached to the extrusion wheel groove and not to fall off or slip during work.
[0003] In the prior art, a typical extrusion wheel structure adopts a wheel body with an annular groove design. For example, U.S. Patent No. 4650408, CONTINUOUS METAL EXTRUSION APPARATUS, proposes a continuous extrusion device. It has been found through long-term practice that the extrusion wheel structure has the following obvious deficiencies: ① The annular groove has obvious sharp corners and is not optimally designed in terms of stress. When working under high temperature and high pressure conditions, stress concentration is easily generated, thereby damaging or affecting the service life of the extrusion wheel; ② The bottom arc surface of the annular groove is smooth and lacks physical structures to increase the interface bonding. The rod material layer is not firmly combined with the annular groove, and the rod material layer is easily detached during work. These problems directly lead to an increase in equipment maintenance frequency, a decrease in production efficiency, and a significant increase in processing costs.
[0004] Therefore, developing a new type of extrusion wheel structure with an optimized stress distribution structure and enhanced interface bonding capacity has become a key technical requirement for improving the comprehensive performance of continuous extrusion equipment. SUMMARY
[0005] The present application provides an extrusion wheel for continuous extrusion, which can effectively enhance the adhesion strength of the rod material layer to the extrusion wheel groove, effectively increase the strength of the extrusion wheel groove, prolong the service life of the extrusion wheel, and reduce production costs; and solves the technical problems of stress concentration and easy detachment of the rod material layer in the current extrusion wheel structure.
[0006] The present application provides an extrusion wheel for continuous extrusion, which adopts the following technical solutions: An extrusion wheel for continuous extrusion, which is provided with an annular groove in the circumferential direction, the annular groove comprises a wheel groove straight line segment, a wheel groove arc line segment, and a wheel groove transition segment, the wheel groove straight line segment and the wheel groove transition segment are transitioned at an obtuse angle, the intersection point of the wheel groove straight line segment and the wheel groove transition segment is point B, the intersection point of the wheel groove transition segment and the wheel groove arc line segment is point C, and the included angle between the line connecting the points B and C and the wheel groove straight line segment is α, wherein 150°<α<170°. The wheel groove arc segment surface of the annular groove is provided with a plurality of pits, which are distributed along the circumference.
[0007] As preferred, the point B coincides with the point C, the wheel groove straight line segment is directly connected with the wheel groove arc segment (19), and the included angle between the wheel groove straight line segment (18) and the tangent of the wheel groove arc segment (19) is α, wherein 150°<α<170°.
[0008] As preferred, the wheel groove transition segment is a straight line or a curve or a combination of a straight line and a curve.
[0009] As preferred, the included angle between the two side symmetrical wheel groove straight line segments is β, wherein 0°≤β≤3°.
[0010] As preferred, the distance between the point A and the point B is k, and the diameter of the wheel groove arc segment circumscribed circle is φ, wherein φ>k.
[0011] As preferred, the included angle between the line connecting the point B and the center of the wheel groove arc segment and the horizontal center line of the wheel groove arc segment is γ, wherein 5°≤γ≤30°.
[0012] As preferred, the longitudinal section shape of the pit groove on the surface of the wheel groove arc segment is hemispherical or cylindrical or rectangular.
[0013] As preferred, the pit grooves on the surface of the wheel groove arc segment are distributed in a single row along the circumference of the groove bottom, or are distributed in double rows on both sides of the groove bottom, or are distributed in multiple rows on the groove bottom and on both sides of the groove bottom.
[0014] The beneficial effects of the present application are as follows: The extrusion wheel for continuous extrusion provided by the present application effectively reduces the stress concentration degree of the extrusion wheel groove transition area through the obtuse angle design of the wheel groove straight line segment, the arc segment and the transition segment in cooperation with the pit groove structure on the surface of the arc segment, prolongs the service life of the wheel body structure under high load working conditions, significantly enhances the bonding strength of the rod material layer and the wheel groove arc segment, avoids the shutdown maintenance problem caused by the shedding of the rod material layer during production, and the synergistic effect of the obtuse angle transition and the surface structure enables the extrusion wheel to maintain the driving efficiency while having higher structural reliability and operation stability. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS
[0015] For easy description, the present application is described in detail by the following specific embodiments and drawings.
[0016] Figure 1 Figure 3 is a radial sectional view of the extrusion wheel of the present embodiment in a continuous extrusion device; Figure 2 Figure 4 is a side view of the extrusion wheel of the present embodiment; Figure 3A-A sectional view of the extrusion wheel of the embodiment; Figure 4 B-B sectional view of the extrusion wheel of the embodiment; Figure 5 Partial enlarged view of the annular groove of the embodiment; Figure 6 Schematic view of the annular groove and the rod layer of the embodiment; Figure 7 Schematic view of the pit distribution of the embodiment.
[0017] In the figure: 1 - doctor blade; 2 - rod material; 3 - machine frame; 4 - extrusion wheel; 5 - main shaft; 6 - transmission pin; 7 - compaction wheel; 8 - pressing plate; 9 - guide plate; 10 - shoe base; 11 - pressing cylinder; 12 - cavity; 13 - mold; 14 - product; 15 - material blocking block; 16 - rod layer; 17 - pit; 18 - straight line segment of wheel groove; 19 - arc line segment of wheel groove; 20 - transition segment of wheel groove; Point A - intersection of straight line segment of wheel groove and transition segment of wheel groove; Point B - intersection of straight line segment of wheel groove and transition segment of wheel groove; Point C - intersection of transition segment of wheel groove and arc line segment of wheel groove; Angle β - included angle between two straight line segments of wheel groove; Angle α - included angle between line connecting point B and point C and straight line segment of wheel groove; Angle γ - included angle between line connecting point B and center of arc line segment of wheel groove and horizontal center line of arc line segment of wheel groove. DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0018] The following is a specific embodiment of the present application and further describes the technical solutions of the present application in conjunction with the drawings, but the present application is not limited to these embodiments; in the following description, specific details such as specific configurations and components are provided only to help a comprehensive understanding of the embodiments of the present application. Therefore, those skilled in the art should understand that various changes and modifications can be made to the embodiments described herein without departing from the scope and spirit of the present application. In addition, in order to be clear and concise, the description of known functions and structures is omitted.
[0019] It should be noted that the embodiments in the present application and the features in the embodiments can be combined with each other without conflict.
[0020] As Figure 1The diagram shows a radial cross-sectional view of the extrusion wheel 4 in the continuous extrusion device of this embodiment. During the operation of the continuous extrusion device, the compaction wheel 7 presses the rod material 2 into the annular groove of the extrusion wheel 4. Driven by the friction between the compaction wheel 7 and the annular groove of the extrusion wheel 4, the rod material 2 is fed into the extrusion chamber formed by the cavity 12 and the extrusion wheel 4. The baffle block 15 extends into the annular groove of the extrusion wheel 4 and is fixed on the shoe seat 10. When the rod material 2 encounters the baffle block 15, it is forced to change its flow direction and enter the cavity 12. The cavity 12 is equipped with a mold 13, and the product is extruded from the mold 13. During operation, the clamping cylinder 11 presses the shoe seat 10 onto the frame 3. The power source of the equipment is a motor (not shown in the figure), which is connected to a reducer (not shown in the figure). The reducer is connected to the mandrel 5, and the mandrel 5 transmits torque to the extrusion wheel 4 through the drive pin 6. The scraper 1 is fixed on the frame 3 to clean the residual material residue on the surface of the extrusion wheel 4.
[0021] like Figures 2-7 As shown, this embodiment provides an extrusion wheel for continuous extrusion. The extrusion wheel 4 has an annular groove in the circumferential direction. The annular groove includes a straight groove segment 18, an arc groove segment 19, and a groove transition segment 20. The straight groove segment 18 and the groove transition segment 20 transition at an obtuse angle. The intersection of the straight groove segment 18 and the groove transition segment 20 is point B, and the intersection of the groove transition segment 20 and the groove arc segment 19 is point C. The angle between the line connecting points B and C and the straight groove segment 18 is α, where 150° < α < 170°. The surface of the groove arc segment 19 of the annular groove is provided with a plurality of pits 17 distributed along the circumference.
[0022] Specifically, the straight section 18 of the groove and the transition section 20 of the groove are connected by an obtuse angle, which reduces the pressure gradient at the contact surface when the rod material flows. The line connecting points B and C forms an angle of 150° to 170° with the straight section 18 of the groove. This angle range ensures that the shear stress borne by the metal material in the transition area is lower than the yield limit. The grooves 17 distributed on the surface of the curved section 19 of the groove generate a mechanical interlocking effect with the rod material layer 16 during the extrusion process. When the high-temperature metal flows through the groove, the obtuse angle transition structure disperses the stress peak at the traditional sharp corner, while the grooves 17 enhance the interfacial friction by embedding into the rod material layer 16. This dual effect ensures the stable transmission of driving force.
[0023] Through the above technical solutions, this application effectively reduces the stress concentration in the transition area of the extrusion wheel 4 groove and extends the service life of the wheel structure under high load conditions; the groove 17 structure significantly enhances the bonding strength between the rod material layer 16 and the wheel groove arc segment 19, avoiding downtime maintenance problems caused by the rod material layer 16 falling off during production; the synergistic effect of the obtuse angle transition and the surface structure enables the extrusion wheel 4 to maintain driving efficiency while having higher structural reliability and operational stability.
[0024] Further, the wheel groove transition section 20 is a straight line or a curve or a combination of a straight line and a curve. Specifically, when the wheel groove transition section 20 is arranged between the wheel groove straight line section 18 and the wheel groove arc section 19 of the annular groove of the extrusion wheel 4, the straight line transition section reduces the stress peak value of the structural mutation area by means of the design of the inclination angle; the curved transition section avoids the sharp increase of the stress gradient by means of the continuous change of the curvature; and the transition section combined with a straight line and a curve adopts a straight line section near the wheel groove straight line section 18 to ensure the support strength, and adopts a curved section near the wheel groove arc section 19 to realize smooth transition. Such a structural design enables the geometric shape of the transition section to be adjusted according to the actual working conditions, for example, the curved transition section is preferentially selected under high temperature and high pressure conditions to enhance the stress dispersion capability, and the transition section combined with a straight line and a curve is selected under the working condition requiring local load bearing.
[0025] Through the above technical solution, the present application solves the problem of stress concentration caused by the rigid structure of the annular groove transition section, avoids the early failure of the transition section under high temperature and high pressure working conditions, prolongs the service life of the extrusion wheel, and at the same time provides an adjustable design scheme for structural optimization under different working conditions.
[0026] Further, the included angle between the two symmetric wheel groove straight line sections 18 is β, wherein 0°≤β≤3°. Specifically, the symmetry of the wheel groove straight line section depends on the accurate control of the β angle, and by limiting the β angle within the range of 0° to 3°, the two wheel groove straight line sections 18 form a symmetric relationship with approximate parallelism or a small included angle, so that the contact stress on both sides of the annular groove of the extrusion wheel 4 is uniformly transmitted along the symmetric axis when the extrusion wheel 4 bears the load, and the risk of unilateral stress concentration caused by angle deviation is eliminated.
[0027] Through the above technical solution, the present application effectively eliminates the risk of local stress concentration caused by the non-symmetry of the wheel groove straight line section, improves the structural stability and fatigue resistance of the extrusion wheel under high temperature and high pressure working conditions, and at the same time, by reasonably setting the β angle range, the processing process tolerance and the structural optimization demand are considered, to ensure the improvement of the overall service life of the extrusion wheel.
[0028] Further, the distance between point A and point B is k, and the diameter of the circumscribed circle of the wheel groove arc section 19 is φ, wherein φ>k. Specifically, by restricting the diameter of the wheel groove arc section 19 to be greater than the distance between the points, a smooth arc transition is formed in structure, the curvature radius of the arc section is increased, and the stress concentration phenomenon caused by the sharp transition in the traditional structure is weakened. At the same time, the larger diameter of the arc section expands the contact area between the rod material layer 16 and the groove, and by increasing the effective contact area, the mechanical bonding between the metal material and the extrusion wheel 4 is strengthened. Such a structural matching relationship enables the rod material layer 16 to remain stable and fit in the working state, avoids the damage to the groove structure caused by excessive local stress, and at the same time reduces the risk of the rod material layer 16 falling off.
[0029] By the technical scheme, the stress concentration phenomenon of the extrusion wheel groove under high temperature and high pressure working conditions is effectively reduced, and cracks or structural damage at the edge of the groove are avoided. Meanwhile, the increased contact area forms a more stable mechanical combination between the rod material layer and the groove, prevents the rod material layer from sliding or falling off in the continuous extrusion process, and significantly improves the stability and service life of the equipment operation.
[0030] Further, the angle between the line connecting point B and the center of the wheel groove arc segment 19 and the horizontal center line of the wheel groove arc segment 19 is γ, wherein 5°≤γ≤30°. Specifically, by setting the line connecting point B and the center of the wheel groove arc segment 19 to form an inclination angle of 5 degrees to 30 degrees with respect to the horizontal center line, a gradual geometric transition is formed at the connection area between the wheel groove transition segment 20 and the wheel groove arc segment 19. This design makes the normal stress distribution of the contact surface more uniform when the metal material flows along the surface of the wheel groove arc segment 19 in the extrusion process, avoiding the initiation of micro-cracks at the traditional right-angle connection due to stress mutation. At the same time, the existence of the inclination angle changes the contact trajectory of the wheel groove arc segment 19 and the rod material layer, so that the rod material layer produces a self-locking effect along the inclined surface under the action of centrifugal force, enhancing the mechanical locking effect of the rod material layer and the surface of the wheel groove.
[0031] By the technical scheme, the local stress peak value of the extrusion wheel during operation is effectively reduced, and the problem of wheel groove structure cracking caused by stress concentration is avoided; at the same time, the optimized geometric layout enhances the bonding strength between the rod material layer and the surface of the wheel groove, preventing the rod material layer from peeling off under high-speed rotating working conditions, thereby ensuring the stability of the continuous extrusion process and prolonging the service life of the extrusion wheel.
[0032] Further, the longitudinal section shape of the pit 17 on the surface of the wheel groove arc segment 19 is semispherical, cylindrical or rectangular. Specifically, when regular distribution of pits is processed on the surface of the wheel groove arc segment 19, the semispherical pit increases the contact area of the rod material layer by uniform curved depression, reducing the risk of local stress concentration; the cylindrical pit produces mechanical interlocking with the rod material through the vertical wall, enhancing the interface bonding strength; the rectangular pit uses the three-dimensional blocking structure formed by the edges to effectively limit the axial slip of the rod material layer 16.
[0033] By the technical scheme, the problem of peeling off caused by the weak combination of the rod material layer and the wheel groove arc segment is effectively solved, the interface mechanical locking effect is improved by the regular pit structure, the rod material layer maintains a stable combined state in the continuous extrusion process, and the plastic deformation characteristics of different metal materials are adapted.
[0034] Further, the grooves 17 on the surface of the arc segment 19 of the wheel groove are arranged in a single row along the groove bottom, or arranged in double rows on both sides of the groove bottom, or arranged in multiple rows on the groove bottom and both sides of the groove bottom. Specifically, when the grooves 17 are arranged in a single row along the groove bottom, the rod material layer 16 is embedded in the grooves 17 on the groove bottom area, forming a local mechanical locking structure, which avoids the sliding and falling caused by the smooth surface of the groove bottom. When the grooves 17 are arranged in double rows on both sides of the groove bottom, the grooves 17 are arranged in the transition area between the groove bottom and the side wall, and when the rod material layer 16 is laterally extruded, the grooves in the transition area can prevent the rod material layer from peeling along the edge. When the grooves 17 are arranged in multiple rows, the center line of the groove bottom and the grooves on both sides form a continuous friction interface, and when the rod material layer 16 is subjected to a combined stress, the multiple grooves can improve the bonding stability by dispersing the contact pressure and enhancing the surface engagement. According to the stress characteristics of the rod material layer in actual working conditions, a single row, double rows or multiple rows can be selected to balance the interface bonding strength and structural reliability requirements.
[0035] The present application also provides another embodiment, wherein the point B coincides with the point C, that is, there is no wheel groove transition segment 20, the wheel groove straight segment 18 is directly connected with the wheel groove arc segment 19, and the included angle between the wheel groove straight segment 18 and the wheel groove arc segment 19 is α, 150° < α < 170°. Specifically, the end of the wheel groove straight segment 18 and the starting end of the wheel groove arc segment 19 completely coincide in space, forming a continuous groove structure without a transition segment; this design eliminates the geometric discontinuity between the transition segment and the straight segment and the arc segment, so that the stress distribution is uniformly transmitted along the groove profile, avoiding the stress concentration source caused by local material accumulation or angle change.
[0036] Through the above technical solution, the present application can solve the problem of local stress concentration caused by the transition segment in the annular groove, so that the stress distribution of the extrusion wheel under high temperature and high pressure cyclic load is more uniform, thereby improving the structural strength and prolonging the service life. The technical solution simplifies the geometric characteristics of the groove profile, enhances the carrying capacity of the groove to the cyclic load, and avoids fatigue failure of the material in the stress concentration area.
[0037] It should be noted that the terms used herein are only intended to describe specific embodiments and are not intended to limit the exemplary embodiments according to the present application. As used herein, the singular form is intended to include the plural form unless the context clearly indicates otherwise, and it should also be understood that the terms "comprise" and / or "include" as used in the specification indicate the presence of features, steps, operations, devices, components and / or combinations thereof.
[0038] In the description of the application, it needs to be understood that the terms "upper", "lower" and the like indicate the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, which are only for the convenience of describing the application and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the devices or elements referred to must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as a limitation on the application.
[0039] In addition, the terms "first", "second" are only for descriptive purposes, and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of the technical features indicated. Therefore, the features defined with "first", "second" can explicitly or implicitly include at least one of the features. In the description of the application, the meaning of "multiple" is at least two, such as two, three, etc., unless otherwise explicitly and specifically limited.
Claims
1. An extrusion wheel for continuous extrusion, characterized in that The extrusion wheel (4) is provided with an annular groove in the circumferential direction, the annular groove comprises a wheel groove straight line segment (18), a wheel groove arc line segment (19) and a wheel groove transition segment (20), the wheel groove straight line segment (18) and the wheel groove transition segment (20) are in an obtuse angle transition, the intersection of the wheel groove straight line segment (18) and the wheel groove transition segment (20) is point B, the intersection of the wheel groove transition segment (20) and the wheel groove arc line segment (19) is point C, the angle between the line connecting the point B and the point C and the wheel groove straight line segment (18) is α, wherein 150° < α < 170°. The wheel groove arc line segment (19) of the annular groove is provided with a plurality of pits (17) on the surface, and the pits (17) are distributed along the circumference.
2. An extrusion wheel for continuous extrusion according to claim 1, characterized in that The point B coincides with the point C, the wheel groove straight line segment (18) is directly connected with the wheel groove arc line segment (19), and the angle between the tangent line of the wheel groove straight line segment (18) and the wheel groove arc line segment (19) is α, wherein 150° < α < 170°.
3. The extrusion wheel for continuous extrusion according to claim 1, characterized in that The wheel groove transition segment (20) is a straight line or a curve or a combination of a straight line and a curve.
4. An extrusion wheel for continuous extrusion according to any one of claims 1-3, characterised in that The angle between the wheel groove straight line segments (18) on both sides is β, wherein 0° ≤ β ≤ 3°.
5. An extrusion wheel for continuous extrusion according to claim 4, characterized in that The distance between the point A and the point B is k, and the diameter of the circumscribed circle of the wheel groove arc line segment (19) is φ, wherein φ > k.
6. An extrusion wheel for continuous extrusion according to claim 1 or 2 or 3 or 5, characterized in that The angle between the line connecting the point B and the center of the wheel groove arc line segment (19) and the horizontal center line of the wheel groove arc line segment (19) is γ, wherein 5° ≤ γ ≤ 30°.
7. A continuous extrusion wheel according to claim 6, characterized in that The longitudinal section shape of the pit (17) on the surface of the wheel groove arc line segment (19) is hemispherical or cylindrical or rectangular.
8. An extrusion wheel for continuous extrusion according to claim 1 or 7, characterized in that The pits (17) on the surface of the wheel groove arc line segment (19) are distributed in a single row along the circumference at the groove bottom, or are distributed in double rows on both sides of the groove bottom, or are distributed in multiple rows at the groove bottom and on both sides of the groove bottom.