Vehicle power supply system and control method
By setting up two sets of independently controlled batteries in the vehicle, with load power supply G2 supplying power to the equipment and starting power supply G1 supplying power to the engine, and by optimizing the power supply logic in conjunction with controller A1, the problem of battery voltage reduction caused by power consumption of vehicle equipment is solved, and reliable engine starting and efficient power supply are achieved.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202511278046.4
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Applications(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2025-09-09
- Publication Date
- 2025-11-18
AI Technical Summary
In existing technologies, vehicle equipment consumes a large amount of electrical energy before and after the engine starts, causing the battery voltage to drop and making it impossible to start the engine. Furthermore, increasing battery capacity is limited by space and cost.
Two sets of independently controlled batteries are used. The load power supply G2 supplies power to the vehicle equipment, and the starting power supply G1 supplies power to the engine. The battery voltage is managed by logic control, and the on-board and auxiliary loads are separated. The power supply logic is optimized by the controller A1.
It solves the problem of insufficient battery voltage, avoids engine start-up failure, reduces dependence on space and cost, adapts to different load requirements, and improves power supply safety and efficiency.
Smart Images
Figure CN120963571A_ABST
Abstract
Description
TECHNICAL FIELD
[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of power management of vehicles, and particularly relates to a vehicle power supply system and a control method. BACKGROUND
[0002] With the increasing intelligence of vehicles and the requirements of adapting to different environments, more devices are installed on vehicles, and some devices need to work before the engine works or continue to work after the engine is turned off. The work of these devices consumes a large amount of battery power. Using a single battery unit for power supply often leads to a decrease in the voltage of the battery unit, which cannot start the engine. To alleviate the above problems, the capacity of the battery is usually increased, but the increase in the capacity of the battery is often subject to the installation space of the vehicle and cost control; meanwhile, the increase in the capacity of the battery cannot fundamentally solve the problem that the consumption of the vehicle-mounted device leads to a decrease in the voltage of the battery and the engine cannot be started. SUMMARY
[0003] To solve the above technical problems, the present application provides a vehicle power supply system and a control method, which sets two groups of independently controlled batteries, one group of which is a load power supply for supplying power to vehicle-mounted devices, and the other group of which is a starting power supply for supplying power to engine starting; and manages the voltage of the batteries through logical control.
[0004] To achieve the above purpose, the present application adopts the following technical scheme:
[0005] A vehicle power supply system comprises parallel power supplies G and starting power supplies G1, and working switches S1 and controllers A1, the power supplies G are main power supplies, the starting power supplies G1 are starting power supplies of vehicles, the working switches S1 control the communication of the starting power supplies G1 and vehicle loads, the system further comprises load power supplies G2 for supplying power to vehicle loads, the power supplies G are parallel to the load power supplies G2, and the controllers A1 control the communication among the power supplies G, the starting power supplies G1, the load power supplies G2 and the vehicle loads.
[0006] Further, the power supplies G form parallel connection with the load power supplies G2 through switches.
[0007] Further, the vehicle loads are divided into vehicle-mounted loads and additional loads.
[0008] Further, the starting power supplies G1 are in communication with the vehicle-mounted loads through the working switches S1, and the load power supplies G2 are in communication with the additional loads through switches.
[0009] Further, the vehicle load end is provided with safety devices with overload protection.
[0010] Further, a vehicle power supply control method comprises the following steps,
[0011] Step S1: In the vehicle without starting or starting preparation phase, the controller A1 controls the load power supply G2 to supply power to the vehicle load, completes the vehicle detection, and prepares the starting condition;
[0012] Step S2: Start the vehicle through the starting power supply G1;
[0013] Step S3: The controller A1 detects the power supply G state, controls the power supply G to charge the load power supply G2, and supplies power to the load 2 at the same time;
[0014] Step S4: The vehicle stops working, the controller A1 controls the power supply G and the starting power supply G1 to be powered off, and controls the load power supply G2 to be in a suspended state; the power supply G2 is connected to the additional load and serves as the working power supply of the additional load;
[0015] Step S5: Wait for the operation instruction, and repeat step S1.
[0016] Further, the vehicle load is divided into a vehicle-mounted load and an additional load; the controller A1 controls the load power supply G2 to supply power to the additional load of the vehicle; and the starting power supply G1 supplies power to the vehicle-mounted load.
[0017] Further, the controller A1 controls the load power supply G2 to supply power to the vehicle-mounted load.
[0018] The beneficial effects compared with the prior art are:
[0019] 1. Solve the problem of insufficient starting power supply voltage: the prior art uses a single battery for power supply, and the power consumption of devices before and after the vehicle starts (such as a preheating device) will cause the battery voltage to decrease, which cannot start the engine; the present application supplies power to the load before and after starting through an independent load power supply G2, and the starting power supply G1 is only responsible for starting the engine, which ensures sufficient power and fundamentally avoids starting failure.
[0020] 2. Not limited by space and cost: the prior art alleviates the power consumption problem by increasing the battery capacity, but it is difficult to achieve due to the limited vehicle installation space and cost; the present application solves the problem by setting independent power supplies and optimizing the control logic, without the need to increase the capacity of the battery, thereby reducing the dependence on space and cost.
[0021] 3. Flexible adaptation to various load requirements: the load is divided into a vehicle-mounted load and an additional load, and the starting power supply G1 and the load power supply G2 are controlled by the controller to supply power, which adapts to the load working requirements in different scenarios (such as preheating of a burner in extremely cold areas and operation of a vehicle-mounted device).
[0022] 4. Improve the safety of power supply: overload protection safety devices (such as fuses and circuit breakers) are arranged at the load end, which can cut off the power supply when the load circuit fails, protect the equipment, and prevent the failure from expanding.
[0023] 5. Optimizing power management efficiency: after the engine starts, the main power supply G can charge the load power supply G2, realizing energy recycling; when the vehicle stops, the load power supply G2 only supplies power to the external device, reducing unnecessary power consumption and improving overall power supply efficiency. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS
[0024] Figure 1 : Structure diagram of the embodiment of the application.
[0025] Figure 2 : Application principle diagram of the power supply system of the application. DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0026] The technical solutions of the application will be described in detail below with reference to the drawings and specific embodiments. It should be understood that the specific features in the embodiments and the specific features in the embodiments are detailed descriptions of the technical solutions of the application, and not limitations of the technical solutions of the application. In the case of no conflict, the technical features in the embodiments and the technical features in the embodiments can be combined with each other.
[0027] The term "and / or" in this paper is only a description of the association relationship of the associated objects, which means that there can be three relationships, for example, A and / or B, which can represent the three cases of A alone, A and B together, and B alone. In addition, the character " / " in this paper generally represents that the front and rear associated objects are in an "or" relationship.
[0028] As shown in Figure 1 In extremely cold areas, before starting the vehicle, the engine and the cockpit need to be preheated to meet the environmental requirements of the engine and the vehicle electrical appliances. Therefore, the original mine car needs to be equipped with a burner. The existing mine car needs a long time to heat the burner under extremely cold conditions, which causes the starting power supply G1 voltage to drop and the engine to fail to start. Even if the number of battery packs of the starting power supply G1 is increased (the battery capacity of the starting power supply G1 is increased), when the heating time is too long, the voltage will still decrease, and the battery cannot reliably start the engine. Based on cost and installation space considerations, it is not appropriate to increase too many battery packs.
[0029] The application increases the load power supply G2 to provide power for the burner before the engine starts. After the engine starts and runs normally, the generator power supply G supplies power to the burner and charges the load power supply G2. Since the starting power supply G1 does not participate in the power supply of the burner, its power is sufficient to start the engine.
[0030] Figure 1 In the figure, line 101 is a vehicle-mounted device power supply line, line 1104A is connected to line 101 through a fuse; line 1104 is a burner power supply line, which is connected to the power supply terminal of the burner through a fuse. Lines 273 and 274 are respectively connected to the output terminals of the controller.
[0031] Relay K1 is used to charge the load power supply G2, and relay K2 is used to supply power to the burner.
[0032] The working process of this embodiment is as follows:
[0033] When the vehicle controller receives the start burner instruction, the controller detects the ambient temperature and the state of the burner, and when the ambient temperature is lower than the set value and the burner is not faulty, the controller sets line 273 to low level, the relay K2 coil works, the contact is closed, the load power supply G2 supplies power to the burner, and the burner enters the working state. There are two ways to start the burner in this example, one is the start button in the cab, and the other is the set timing start program in the controller.
[0034] When the engine needs to be started, the controller detects the temperature of the engine and the cab, and when the temperatures of the two meet the requirements, the working switch S1 is closed, and the vehicle enters the start preparation state.
[0035] When the engine is started, the starting power supply G1 supplies power to the engine, the engine starts, the engine drives the generator power supply G to work, the controller 274 line is connected, the relay K1 is closed, and the generator power supply G supplies power to the burner and charges the load power supply G2.
[0036] When the vehicle stops working, the engine is turned off, the controller detects the shutdown signal, the line 273 output is closed, and the relay K2 closes the burner power supply. At the same time, the line 274 output is closed, K1 is disconnected, the load power supply G2 is in a suspended state, and the engine waits for a new working cycle. When the vehicle stops working, the controller can also delay the disconnection of K2 to continue to supply power to the burner, maintain the temperature in the engine and the cab, and wait for a new working cycle. It can also delay the disconnection of K1 to supply power to the vehicle-mounted equipment.
[0037] As shown in Figure 2 The present application provides a vehicle power supply system, which comprises a power supply G, a starting power supply G1, a load power supply G2, a working switch S1, a controller A1, and parallel switches K1 and power supply switches K2 controlled by A1, and a safety device.
[0038] The power supply G is the main power supply, which is usually a generator; the starting power supply G1 is the starting power supply of the vehicle, which is used for engine starting. The power supply G and the starting power supply G1 are directly connected in parallel. The working switch S1 is connected with the starting power supply G1, and controls the connection of the starting power supply G1 with the vehicle equipment.
[0039] Load power supply G2 provides power for vehicle load, load power supply G2 is connected with additional load (for example, burner in the embodiment) through power supply switch K2, when power supply G is not working, and additional load needs to work, power supply switch K2 is turned on, load power supply G2 provides power for additional load; when additional load stops working, power supply switch K2 is turned off. When power supply G is not working, controller A1 can also control parallel switch K1 to be turned on, load power supply G2 is connected with vehicle load (for example, vehicle equipment in the embodiment) to provide power for vehicle load.
[0040] Load power supply G2 is connected in parallel with power supply G through parallel switch K1, when power supply G is working normally, parallel switch K1 is turned on under the control of controller A1, power supply G charges load power supply G2.
[0041] Controller A1 detects vehicle state, accepts operation instruction, and controls the turning on and turning off of parallel switch K1 and power supply switch K2 through operation. Controller A1 can be one controller, or multiple controllers.
[0042] Controller A1 is electrically connected with working circuit, controller A1 can also connect one of power supply G and starting power supply G1 into working circuit, or connect starting power supply G1 and load power supply G2 in parallel to working circuit according to the voltage value of starting power supply G1 and load power supply G2.
[0043] Safety device cuts off the power supply circuit of load when fault occurs in load circuit, which is used for protecting load or preventing further expansion of fault. Preferably, safety device F is fuse or circuit breaker.
[0044] The feature of the application is that the working relationship of each power supply is controlled. The control method is as follows by taking two loads as an example:
[0045] Step S1: when vehicle is not started or in starting preparation stage, controller A1 controls power supply switch K2 to be turned on, load power supply G2 supplies power to additional load, and vehicle detection and starting condition preparation are completed; controller A1 can also control K1 to be turned on, load power supply G2 supplies power to vehicle load;
[0046] Step S2: working switch S1 is closed, starting power supply G1 supplies power to vehicle load, and vehicle starts;
[0047] Step S3: controller A1 detects the state of power supply G, and when the predetermined requirement is met, controller A1 controls parallel switch K1 to be turned on, power supply G charges load power supply G2, and power is provided to additional load;
[0048] Step S4: vehicle stops working, controller A1 controls power supply G and starting power supply G1 to be powered off, and according to control requirement, power supply switch K2 is turned off, and load power supply G2 is in suspended state;
[0049] Step S5: Wait for an operation command, repeat step S1.
[0050] The above steps are only one routine, and methods similar to the routine are also protected by the patent. The extension of the method to multiple power supply and load products is also within the protection scope of the patent.
[0051] The above is only the preferred embodiment of the present application, and it should be pointed out that for ordinary skilled in the art, without departing from the technical principles of the present application, a number of improvements and variations can also be made, which should be considered as the protection scope of the present application.
Claims
1. A vehicle power supply system, comprising a power supply G connected in parallel, a starting power supply G1, a working switch S1, and a controller A1, wherein the power supply G is the main power supply, and the starting power supply G1 is the vehicle's starting power supply; the working switch S1 controls the connection between the starting power supply G1 and the vehicle load; characterized in that, It also includes a load power supply G2 that powers the vehicle load, the power supply G being connected in parallel with the load power supply G2; the controller A1 controls the interconnection between the power supply G, the starting power supply G1, the load power supply G2, and the vehicle load.
2. The vehicle power supply system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The power supply G is connected in parallel with the load power supply G2 via a switch.
3. A vehicle power supply system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The vehicle load is divided into onboard load and additional load.
4. A vehicle power supply system according to claim 3, characterized in that, The starting power supply G1 is connected to the vehicle load via the working switch S1; the load power supply G2 is connected to the auxiliary load via a switch.
5. A vehicle power supply system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The vehicle load end is equipped with a safety device with overload protection.
6. A vehicle power supply control method, characterized in that, The steps are as follows: Step S1: When the vehicle is not started or in the start-up preparation stage, the controller A1 controls the load power supply G2 to supply power to the vehicle load, completing vehicle detection and start-up condition preparation. Step S2: Start the vehicle using the power supply G1; Step S3: Controller A1 detects the status of power supply G, controls power supply G to charge load power supply G2, and simultaneously supplies power to load 2; Step S4: The vehicle stops working, the controller A1 controls the power supply G and the starting power supply G1 to disconnect, and controls the load power supply G2 to be in a floating state; Step S5: Wait for the operation command and repeat step S1.
7. A vehicle power supply control method according to claim 6, characterized in that, The vehicle load is divided into onboard load and additional load; controller A1 controls load power supply G2 to supply power to the vehicle's additional load; starting power supply G1 supplies power to the onboard load.
8. A vehicle power supply control method according to claim 7, characterized in that, Controller A1 controls the load power supply G2 to supply power to the vehicle load.