A cleaning device and method for cleaning coal dust attached to a coal mine roadway wall

Abstract

The application provides a cleaning device and method for coal dust attached to a coal mine tunnel wall, the high-efficiency cleaning device is provided with a walking module, so that the device can walk in the tunnel; a lifting and rotating module is arranged, so that the cleaning execution assembly can be adapted to tunnels with different heights and different angles, and the adaptability of the device is improved; a mechanical cleaning unit and a pre-wetting unit are arranged, so that the pre-wetting of the coal dust on the tunnel wall can be realized, the generation of dust is inhibited, and the coal dust on the tunnel wall is removed through the mechanical cleaning unit; through the cooperative cleaning of the pre-wetting unit and the mechanical cleaning unit, the coal dust that is cemented or loose can be completely cleaned; a negative pressure collecting assembly is arranged, so that the coal dust removed by the mechanical cleaning unit can be collected and filtered, and secondary dust pollution is prevented.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of coal mine roadway cleaning technology, and in particular to a cleaning device and method for cleaning coal dust adhering to the walls of coal mine roadways. Background Technology

[0002] In underground production processes, such as coal cutting, tunneling, and transportation, coal dust is continuously generated. Some of this coal dust, due to moisture condensation and electrostatic adsorption, forms a stable accumulation layer on the roadway wall surface. This accumulated coal dust is combustible, and when the oxygen concentration is within acceptable limits and an ignition source is present, it can trigger a chain reaction of coal dust explosions with strong destructive force. Simultaneously, due to airflow or equipment vibration, the attached coal dust can be re-entrained, causing the concentration of respirable dust in the roadway to exceed standards. Long-term exposure to this environment can lead to pneumoconiosis, chronic respiratory diseases, and other serious health hazards for miners. Furthermore, coal dust can adhere to critical monitoring equipment such as gas sensor probes and cameras, severely affecting the monitoring accuracy and reliability of the equipment and interfering with safe production decisions.

[0003] Currently, there are two main methods for cleaning coal dust from tunnel walls. First, manual cleaning using handheld cleaning tools is inefficient, labor-intensive, and takes place in harsh environments, making it difficult to guarantee cleaning results. Second, water trucks are used to wash the coal dust, but this method requires large amounts of water, which can easily cause cement buildup on the tunnel floor. Furthermore, washing cannot completely remove the hardened coal dust layer, resulting in poor cleaning effectiveness. Summary of the Invention

[0004] To address the aforementioned technical problems, this application provides a cleaning device and method for cleaning coal dust adhering to the walls of coal mine roadways.

[0005] A first aspect of this application provides a device for cleaning coal dust adhering to the walls of coal mine roadways, characterized in that it includes a walking module, a frame, a dust removal module, and a lifting and rotating module; the frame is mounted on the walking module; the lifting and rotating module is mounted on the frame;

[0006] The dust removal module includes a negative pressure collection component and a cleaning execution component; the negative pressure collection component is mounted on the frame and connected to the cleaning execution component; the cleaning execution component is mounted on the lifting and rotating module; the cleaning execution component includes a dust collection hood and a mechanical cleaning unit and a pre-wetting unit disposed within the dust collection hood; the pre-wetting unit is used to spray liquid onto the coal dust on the roadway wall to pre-wet the coal dust; the mechanical cleaning unit is used to clean the pre-wetted coal dust.

[0007] In some embodiments of this application, the mechanical cleaning unit includes multiple sets of bristles, each set of bristles having a different length.

[0008] In some embodiments of this application, multiple sets of bristles are arranged in an Archimedean spiral to form multiple rings of bristles; from the inner ring to the outer ring, the lengths of the bristles are long, medium, and short, respectively.

[0009] In some embodiments of this application, the pre-wetting unit includes a rotary drive unit, a rotary shaft, a turntable, and nozzles; the rotary drive unit is mounted on the lifting and rotating module via a bracket; the rotary shaft is connected to the rotary drive unit via a transmission link; the turntable is located at the end of the rotary shaft; the turntable is provided with a plurality of nozzles arranged circumferentially along the end face of the turntable and a plurality of sets of bristles; a main liquid supply channel is provided inside the rotary shaft, and a diversion channel communicating with the main liquid supply channel is provided inside the turntable; the diversion channel is connected to the nozzles.

[0010] In some embodiments of this application, the outer ring of the end face of the dust collection hood is provided with a flexible sealing element, and a dust concentration sensor is provided on the side wall.

[0011] In some embodiments of this application, the negative pressure collection assembly includes a cyclone dust collector, a coal dust collector, a Venturi scrubber, and a centrifugal fan; the coal dust collector is mounted on the frame; the first end of the cyclone dust collector communicates with the inner cavity of the dust collection hood, the lower second end communicates with the coal dust collector; the top third end communicates with one end of the Venturi scrubber; the Venturi scrubber has a built-in demisting component, and the other end of the Venturi scrubber communicates with the centrifugal fan; the centrifugal fan is externally connected to an exhaust pipe.

[0012] In some embodiments of this application, an explosion-proof vibrator is provided on the lower side wall of the cyclone dust collector.

[0013] In some embodiments of this application, the lifting and rotating module includes a lifting unit disposed on the frame and a rotating unit disposed on the lifting unit.

[0014] In some embodiments of this application, a water tank and a pump are provided below the frame, one end of the pump is connected to the water tank, the other end is connected to a water pipe, and the other end of the water pipe is connected to the pre-humidification unit.

[0015] A second aspect of this application provides a cleaning method using the aforementioned equipment for cleaning coal dust adhering to the walls of coal mine roadways, characterized in that the cleaning method includes the following steps:

[0016] Step S1: The walking module drives the equipment to move along the tunnel to the preset position;

[0017] Step S2: Based on the position of the tunnel wall to be cleaned, adjust the lifting and rotating module so that the end face of the dust collection hood is in close contact with the tunnel wall.

[0018] Step S3: Spray liquid onto the tunnel wall through the pre-wetting unit; after a preset time, start the rotary drive unit to drive the mechanical cleaning unit to rotate and peel off the coal powder from the tunnel wall.

[0019] In step S4, the stripped coal powder enters the cyclone dust collector and is separated under the action of centrifugal force. Part of it enters the coal powder collector for preliminary dust removal, while the other part enters the Venturi scrubber.

[0020] In step S5, the dust entering the Venturi scrubber is violently mixed with high-pressure water. The mixture enters the coal powder collector for secondary dust removal. The mixed gas passes through the demister assembly, and the cleaned gas is discharged through the exhaust pipe.

[0021] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following advantages and beneficial effects: The cleaning equipment for coal dust adhering to the walls of coal mine roadways of this application is equipped with a walking module, enabling the equipment to move within the roadway; by setting up a lifting and rotating module, the cleaning execution component can adapt to roadways of different heights and angles, improving the adaptability of the equipment; by setting up a mechanical cleaning unit and a pre-wetting unit, the coal dust on the roadway walls can be pre-wetted, inhibiting dust generation, while the mechanical cleaning unit removes the coal dust from the roadway walls; through the coordinated cleaning of the pre-wetting unit and the mechanical cleaning unit, caking or loose coal dust can be thoroughly cleaned; by setting up a negative pressure collection component, the coal dust removed by the mechanical cleaning unit can be collected and filtered, preventing secondary dust pollution.

[0022] It should be understood that the above general description and the following detailed description are merely exemplary and explanatory, and do not limit this document. Attached Figure Description

[0023] The accompanying drawings, which form part of this document, are used to provide a further understanding of the document. The illustrative embodiments and descriptions herein are used to explain the document and do not constitute an undue limitation thereof. In the drawings:

[0024] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a cleaning device for coal dust adhering to the walls of a coal mine roadway, provided in an exemplary embodiment of this application.

[0025] Figure 2 This is a side view of a cleaning device for coal dust adhering to the walls of a coal mine roadway, provided in an exemplary embodiment of this application.

[0026] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a cleaning device (hidden walking module) for cleaning coal dust adhering to the walls of a coal mine roadway, provided in an exemplary embodiment of this application;

[0027] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a cleanup execution component provided in an exemplary embodiment of this application;

[0028] Figure 5 This is a front view of a mechanical cleaning unit provided in an exemplary embodiment of this application;

[0029] Figure 6 This is a cross-sectional view of a cleanup execution component provided in an exemplary embodiment of this application;

[0030] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the walking module provided in an exemplary embodiment of this application.

[0031] In the picture:

[0032] 10. Walking module; 101. Walking motor; 102. Guide wheel; 103. Load-bearing wheel; 20. Frame; 30. Dust removal module; 301. Negative pressure collection assembly; 3011. Cyclone dust collector; 3012. Venturi scrubber; 3013. Centrifugal fan; 3014. Exhaust pipe; 3015. Pulverized coal collector; 302. Cleaning execution assembly; 3021. Dust collection hood; 3022. Rotary drive unit; 3023. Rotary shaft; 3024. Turntable; 3025. Nozzle; 3026. Mechanical cleaning unit; 3027. Flexible seal; 3028. Dust concentration sensor; 3029. Groove; 3031. Water tank; 3032. Pump; 3033. Water pipe; 40. Lifting and rotating module; 401. Lifting unit; 402. Rotating unit. Detailed Implementation

[0033] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of this application clearer, the technical solutions of the embodiments of this application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of this application, not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of this application, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of this application. It should be noted that, unless otherwise specified, the embodiments and features in the embodiments of this application can be arbitrarily combined with each other.

[0034] In underground production processes, such as coal cutting, tunneling, and transportation, coal dust is continuously generated. Some of this coal dust, due to moisture condensation and electrostatic adsorption, forms a stable accumulation layer on the roadway wall surface. This accumulated coal dust is combustible, and when the oxygen concentration is within acceptable limits and an ignition source is present, it can trigger a chain reaction of coal dust explosions with strong destructive force. Simultaneously, due to airflow or equipment vibration, the attached coal dust can be re-entrained, causing the concentration of respirable dust in the roadway to exceed standards. Long-term exposure to this environment can lead to pneumoconiosis, chronic respiratory diseases, and other serious health hazards for miners. Furthermore, coal dust can adhere to critical monitoring equipment such as gas sensor probes and cameras, severely affecting the monitoring accuracy and reliability of the equipment and interfering with safe production decisions.

[0035] Currently, there are two main methods for cleaning coal dust from tunnel walls. First, manual cleaning using handheld cleaning tools is inefficient, labor-intensive, and takes place in harsh environments, making it difficult to guarantee cleaning results. Second, water trucks are used to wash the coal dust, but this method requires large amounts of water, which can easily cause cement buildup on the tunnel floor. Furthermore, washing cannot completely remove the hardened coal dust layer, resulting in poor cleaning effectiveness.

[0036] Based on this, an exemplary embodiment of this application provides a cleaning device for coal dust adhering to the walls of coal mine roadways. This device, by incorporating a walking module, enables it to move within the roadway; by incorporating a lifting and rotating module, the cleaning execution components can adapt to roadways of different heights and angles, improving the equipment's adaptability; by incorporating a mechanical cleaning unit and a pre-wetting unit, the coal dust on the roadway walls can be pre-wetted to suppress dust generation, while the mechanical cleaning unit removes the coal dust from the roadway walls; through the coordinated cleaning of the pre-wetting unit and the mechanical cleaning unit, caking or loose coal dust can be thoroughly cleaned; and by incorporating a negative pressure collection component, the coal dust removed by the mechanical cleaning unit can be collected and filtered to prevent secondary dust pollution.

[0037] Example 1:

[0038] An exemplary embodiment of this application provides a device for cleaning coal dust adhering to the walls of coal mine roadways, such as... Figures 1 to 7 As shown, the cleaning equipment includes a walking module 10, a frame 20, a dust removal module 30, and a lifting and rotating module 40. The frame 20 is mounted on the walking module 10, and the lifting and rotating module 40 is mounted on the frame 20. Preferably, the walking module 10 adopts an explosion-proof tracked chassis, which facilitates stable movement and operation in the harsh conditions of uneven terrain, even with water and coal sludge, in coal mines, and is less prone to slipping or sinking. Several ultrasonic sensors are installed on the front and sides of the walking module 10. The guide wheels 102 can control the direction of movement, and the power comes from the hydraulic system. The hydraulic system can transmit power to the walking motor 101, which can drive the track to move. The load-bearing wheels 103 can support the weight of the equipment. During movement, the ultrasonic sensors installed around the walking module 10 can continuously detect surrounding obstacles to achieve obstacle avoidance. When an obstacle is detected, an automatic alarm is triggered.

[0039] The lifting and rotating module 40 includes a lifting unit 401 mounted on the frame 20 and a rotating unit 402 mounted on the lifting unit 401. A spring-hydraulic damping shock absorption system is provided between the chassis of the traveling module 10 and the frame 20 to buffer vibrations and impacts during travel. Figure 2 and 3As shown, the lifting unit 401 adopts a scissor-type lifting mechanism, which is composed of high-strength connecting rods with cross-hinged joints. Its power comes from a hydraulic cylinder. The extension and retraction of the hydraulic cylinder drives the extension and folding of the connecting rods, thereby realizing the smooth lifting and lowering of the lifting platform. The rotating unit 402 is used to connect the lifting unit 401 and the end cleaning execution component 302. The rotating unit 402 can be a robotic arm, which can accurately position and manipulate the cleaning execution component 302 in a large area, and enable the cleaning execution component 302 to conform to the uneven roadway wall, thus cleaning the attached coal dust more efficiently.

[0040] The dust removal module 30 includes a negative pressure collection component 301 and a cleaning execution component 302. The negative pressure collection component 301 is mounted on the walking module 10 and connected to the cleaning execution component 302. The negative pressure collection component 301 is used to capture, transport and purify the coal dust and powder generated during the cleaning process in real time.

[0041] The cleaning execution component 302 is mounted on the lifting and rotating module 40; the cleaning execution component 302 includes a dust collection hood 3021 and a mechanical cleaning unit 3026 and a pre-wetting unit disposed within the dust collection hood 3021; ​​the pre-wetting unit is used to spray liquid onto the coal dust on the roadway wall to achieve pre-wetting of the coal dust. Figure 3 and 6 As shown, the pre-wetting unit includes a rotary drive unit 3022, a rotary shaft 3023, a turntable 3024, and nozzles 3025. The rotary drive unit 3022 is mounted on the lifting and rotating module 40 via a bracket. The rotary shaft 3023 is connected to the rotary drive unit 3022 via a transmission link. The turntable 3024 is located at the end of the rotary shaft 3023. Multiple nozzles 3025 are arranged circumferentially along the end face of the turntable 3024. The nozzles 3025 are preferably high-pressure micro-mist nozzles 3025, which can atomize water into tiny particles through high pressure to pre-wet the tunnel wall to be cleaned, while saving water and energy.

[0042] A main liquid supply channel is provided inside the rotating shaft 3023, and a diversion channel communicating with the main liquid supply channel is provided inside the turntable 3024; the diversion channel is connected to the nozzle 3025. The rotating unit 402 is equipped with the water supply pipeline required for the pre-humidification module. The water supply pipeline can be a water pipe passing through the interior of the rotating unit 402 and communicating with the pre-humidification unit, or it can be a flow channel opened inside the rotating unit 402. The flow channel or water pipe communicates with the main liquid supply channel inside the rotating shaft 3023. For example, a water tank 3031 and a pump 3032 are provided below the frame 20. One end of the pump 3032 is connected to the water tank 3031, and the other end is connected to a water pipe 3033. The other end of the water pipe 3033 passes through the interior of the rotating unit 402 from the bottom and communicates with the main liquid supply channel inside the rotating shaft 3023. To accommodate the lifting of the lifting unit 401, the water pipe 3033 can be a flexible corrugated pipe.

[0043] The dust collection hood 3021 is connected to the rotating shaft 3023 via a bearing, ensuring that the dust collection hood 3021 remains stationary when the shaft rotates at high speed. A flexible sealing element 3027 is provided on the outer ring of the end face of the dust collection hood 3021 to form a dynamic seal with the roadway wall, creating a negative pressure capture chamber. A dust concentration sensor 3028 is installed on the side wall of the dust collection hood 3021, which can monitor the dust concentration inside the dust collection hood 3021 in real time, ensuring the safe operation of coal powder stripping.

[0044] Preferred, such as Figure 4 As shown in Figure 6, a groove 3029 is provided on the lower inner wall of the dust collection hood 3021, and multiple sets of grooves 3029 are arranged side by side along the axial direction on the inner wall of the dust collection hood 3021. Preferably, the groove 3029 is a V-shaped groove, which can collect the wastewater sprayed by the pre-wetting module. After the wastewater enters the groove 3029, it moves along the groove 3029 to the connection between the negative pressure collection component 301 and the dust collection hood 3021 and enters the interior of the negative pressure collection component 301. By setting the groove 3029 and the negative pressure collection component 301, the problem of wastewater dripping and accumulating under the equipment in traditional wet operations is solved, and the tunnel floor is prevented from becoming muddy and slippery.

[0045] Mechanical cleaning unit 3026 is used to clean pre-wetted coal dust. In traditional concentric circle brush layouts, when the brushes rotate to clean the coal dust, all the bristles simultaneously contact and leave the roadway wall, generating periodic impact loads and vibrations, resulting in large torque fluctuations and high noise. In this application, as... Figures 4 to 6 As shown, the mechanical cleaning unit 3026 includes multiple sets of bristles, which are installed on the turntable 3024 of the pre-wetting unit. Each set of bristles has a different length. When cleaning coal dust, all the bristles will not contact the roadway wall at the same time, which can reduce the impact load and vibration generated when the bristles contact and leave the roadway wall.

[0046] like Figure 5 As shown, multiple sets of bristles are arranged in an Archimedean spiral pattern to form multiple rings. From the inner ring to the outer ring, the bristle lengths are long, medium, and short, respectively. The bristles are made of anti-static nylon material, which effectively conducts away the static charge generated by high-speed friction between the bristles and the tunnel wall. This bristle distribution allows the bristles on the end face of the rotary table 3024 to form a continuous, uninterrupted, and impact-free spiral flow field from the center to the outer edge when the rotary table 3024 rotates at high speed. This effectively avoids the local eddies, coal dust accumulation, or conveying interruptions that may occur with traditional bristle arrangements, ensuring that coal dust is smoothly, evenly, and efficiently conveyed from the central area to the outer edge, significantly improving cleaning efficiency.

[0047] The bristle length changes in a stepped manner from its rotation center outwards, creating a penetration and loosening zone with longer bristles in the inner ring, a main cutting and stripping zone with medium bristles in the middle ring, and a scraping and throwing zone with shorter bristles in the outer ring. This forms a three-level synergistic mechanism of penetration and loosening, main cutting and stripping, and scraping and throwing, achieving gradual and in-depth treatment of caking or compacted coal powder, significantly improving the cleaning effect. The synergistic effect of the three functional zones ensures full coverage of the roadway wall from deep loosening to surface residue removal, with no dead corners, significantly improving cleanliness and removal rate. At the same time, the continuous, impact-free motion characteristics brought by the Archimedes spiral arrangement, and the reasonable load distribution formed by the stepped length design, make the entire bristle assembly operate extremely smoothly at high speeds, significantly reducing additional energy consumption, noise, and abnormal wear of the equipment and bristles caused by impact and vibration.

[0048] During the cleaning process, the long bristles first contact the tunnel wall. These bristles, with their good flexibility and deformation capacity, act like probes, penetrating deep into crevices to powerfully loosen firmly attached or caked coal dust layers, achieving initial pre-loosening of the coal dust and laying the foundation for subsequent cleaning. The middle bristles of the inner ring form the main cutting and stripping zone, inheriting the loosening results from the inner ring, providing greater rigidity and a suitable sweeping range, undertaking the main cutting and stripping tasks, further breaking up the loose material and pushing it to the outside. The short bristles of the outer ring, with the strongest rigidity, are responsible for scraping and throwing coal dust, thoroughly cleaning surface residues, and efficiently and centrally throwing away coal dust collected at the outer edge, ensuring a residue-free surface after cleaning and preventing coal dust from flowing back or re-adhering at the edges.

[0049] When the turntable 3024 rotates, the force exerted by the bristles on the coal dust particles can be decomposed into normal force and tangential force, which combine to form a vector direction with a component pointing towards the outer edge of the turntable. The Archimedean spiral layout of the bristles ensures that the tangential direction of the movement trajectory of the bristles in contact with the working area is consistent with the tangential direction of the Archimedean spiral at that position. This results in the main flow direction of the stripped dust, under the combined action of centrifugal force, bristle guiding force, and negative pressure suction, flowing from the inner circle to the outer circle of the bristles along the progressive direction of the Archimedean spiral, and finally being ejected to the vicinity of the connection between the dust collection hood 3021 and the negative pressure collection component 301.

[0050] In this application, by setting up a pre-wetting unit and a mechanical cleaning unit 3026, the surface is wetted before the brush bristles come into contact with the coal powder, softening the caking layer. During the cleaning process, pre-wetting and coal powder stripping can be carried out simultaneously, reducing dust generated during the cleaning process. It also avoids the interference of the independent external nozzle on the operation of the mechanical cleaning unit 3026 and the inability to accurately pre-wet the wall to be cleaned. This enables the working surface to achieve a "pre-wetting and cleaning at the same time" working mode, achieving deep cleaning of coal powder.

[0051] like Figure 3 As shown, the negative pressure collection assembly 301 includes a cyclone dust collector 3011, a coal dust collector 3015, a venturi scrubber 3012, and a centrifugal fan 3013, capable of capturing, transporting, and purifying coal dust and ash generated during the cleaning process in real time. The coal dust collector 3015 is mounted on the frame 20; the first end of the cyclone dust collector 3011 communicates with the inner cavity of the dust collection hood 3021, the lower second end communicates with the coal dust collector 3015, and the top third end communicates with one end of the venturi scrubber 3012; the other end of the venturi scrubber 3012 communicates with the centrifugal fan 3013. Preferably, the pipe communicating with the dust collection hood 3021 is a flexible corrugated pipe to accommodate the lifting movement of the lifting unit 401. The cyclone dust collector 3011 utilizes centrifugal force to perform primary separation of the inhaled gas-solid two-phase flow, separating most of the heavier coal dust particles from the gas, thus achieving primary mechanical dust removal. To prevent the heavier coal dust particles from adhering and clogging the bottom of the cone of the cyclone dust collector 3011, explosion-proof vibrators are installed on both sides of the bottom of the lower cone of the cyclone dust collector 3011. These vibrators can effectively prevent the sticking and clogging of damp coal dust and ensure the long-term stable operation of the equipment.

[0052] The Venturi scrubber 3012 has a throat section and a main body. The throat section is connected to a water tank to inject scrubbing liquid. Under the action of high-speed airflow, the injected scrubbing liquid is atomized, causing fine water particles to collide with and diffuse the remaining respirable dust in the gas after primary purification, thereby achieving efficient dust collection. The resulting liquid mixture enters the coal dust collector 3015 for secondary dust removal. The remaining gas enters the main body of the Venturi scrubber 3012. A demister assembly, including baffles, is installed inside the Venturi scrubber 3012 near the outlet to remove water droplets carried in the purified humid gas, achieving water-vapor separation and ensuring the discharge of dry, clean gas. A centrifugal fan 3013 is connected to an external exhaust pipe 3014, through which the gas after dust removal and dehumidification is discharged into the air. It achieves a fully enclosed process from cleaning and transportation to purification, and finally emits clean gas, fundamentally eliminating secondary dust pollution and greatly reducing the risk of coal dust explosion.

[0053] Preferably, the coal dust collector 3015 is divided into two zones by a filter screen. The first zone collects larger coal dust particles separated by the cyclone dust collector 3011, finer coal dust particles separated by the Venturi scrubber 3012, and wastewater. The wastewater undergoes preliminary filtration through the filter screen to remove larger coal dust particles and some fine particles before flowing into the second zone. When the water level in the second zone reaches its upper limit, a level controller inside the coal dust collector 3015 controls a motor to drive a pump, drawing water into a clean water tank for recycling and improving wastewater utilization. Simultaneously, to prevent clogging of the pump, a detachable stainless steel filter screen is installed outside the pump's suction port for a second filtration, removing most of the fine particles. Also, when the coal dust level in the first zone reaches its upper limit, a sludge pump connected to the first zone can be activated to clean the coal dust from that zone.

[0054] Example 2:

[0055] An exemplary embodiment of this application provides a cleaning method using the coal dust removal equipment for coal mine roadway walls described in Embodiment 1. The cleaning method includes the following steps:

[0056] Step S1: The walking module 10 drives the equipment to move along the tunnel to the preset position;

[0057] Step S2: Based on the position of the tunnel wall to be cleaned, adjust the lifting and rotating module 40 so that the end face of the dust collection hood 3021 is in close contact with the tunnel wall; so that the flexible sealing element 3027 is in contact with the tunnel wall. In this way, under the action of the centrifugal fan 3013, a negative pressure environment can be formed inside the dust collection hood 3021, which can prevent coal dust from spreading into the tunnel during the cleaning process.

[0058] Step S3: Liquid is sprayed onto the tunnel wall through the pre-wetting unit; after a preset time, for example, after 3-5 seconds of pre-wetting, the rotary drive unit 3022 is activated, driving the mechanical cleaning unit 3026 to rotate and peel off the coal dust from the tunnel wall; while the mechanical cleaning unit 3026 is working, the pre-wetting unit continues to work, continuously spraying liquid onto the tunnel wall to enhance the conductivity of the tunnel wall, avoid the accumulation of charge generated when the brushes rotate, and at the same time, reduce the adhesion of coal dust and prevent dust from being generated.

[0059] In step S4, the stripped coal dust enters the cyclone dust collector 3011 and is separated under the action of centrifugal force. Part of it enters the coal dust collector 3015 to achieve preliminary dust removal; the other part enters the Venturi scrubber 3012.

[0060] In step S5, the dust entering the Venturi scrubber 3012 is violently mixed with high-pressure water. The mixture enters the coal powder collector 3015 to achieve secondary dust removal. The mixed gas passes through the demisting component, and the cleaned gas is discharged through the exhaust pipe 3014.

[0061] In the coal mine roadway wall cleaning method of this application, the traveling module 10 enables the equipment to move within the roadway. Through the coordinated cleaning of the pre-wetting unit and the mechanical cleaning unit, both pre-wetting and impregnation of the coal dust layer are achieved, and pre-wetting and coal dust stripping are carried out simultaneously, resulting in deep cleaning of the coal dust. A cyclone dust collector 3011 is installed to achieve initial separation of the collected dust, and a Venturi scrubber 3012 is installed to achieve secondary separation of the collected dust, ultimately collecting the coal dust into a coal dust collector 3015. This cleaning method is efficient and simple, enabling quick and efficient cleaning of coal dust from roadway walls.

[0062] In this application, the terms "comprising," "including," or any other variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, such that an article or device that comprises a list of elements includes not only those elements but also other elements not expressly listed, or elements inherent to such an article or device. Without further limitation, an element defined by the phrase "comprising..." does not exclude the presence of other identical elements in the article or device that includes said element.

[0063] Although preferred embodiments of this application have been described, those skilled in the art, upon learning the basic inventive concept, can make other changes and modifications to these embodiments. Therefore, the appended claims are intended to be interpreted as including the preferred embodiments as well as all changes and modifications falling within the scope of this application.

[0064] Obviously, those skilled in the art can make various modifications and variations to this application without departing from the spirit and scope of this application. Therefore, if these modifications and variations fall within the scope of the claims of this application and their equivalents, the intent of this application also includes these modifications and variations.

Claims

1. A cleaning device for coal dust adhering to the walls of coal mine roadways, characterized in that, It includes a walking module (10), a frame (20), a dust removal module (30), and a lifting and rotating module (40); the frame (20) is mounted on the walking module (10); the lifting and rotating module (40) is mounted on the frame (20); The dust removal module (30) includes a negative pressure collection component (301) and a cleaning execution component (302); the negative pressure collection component (301) is mounted on the frame (20) and connected to the cleaning execution component (302); the cleaning execution component (302) is mounted on the lifting and rotating module (40); the cleaning execution component (302) includes a dust collection hood (3021) and a mechanical cleaning unit (3026) and a pre-wetting unit disposed within the dust collection hood (3021); the pre-wetting unit is used to spray liquid onto the coal dust on the roadway wall to achieve pre-wetting of the coal dust; the mechanical cleaning unit (3026) is used to clean the pre-wetted coal dust; The mechanical cleaning unit (3026) includes multiple sets of bristles, each set of bristles having a different length; Multiple sets of bristles are arranged in an Archimedean spiral pattern to form multiple rings of bristles, so that when the mechanical cleaning unit (3026) rotates at high speed, the multiple sets of bristles can form a continuous, uninterrupted, and impact-free spiral motion flow field from the center to the outer edge; from the inner ring to the outer ring, the lengths of the bristles are long, medium, and short, respectively; the long bristles of the inner ring form a penetration and loosening zone, the medium bristles of the middle ring form a main cutting and peeling zone, and the short bristles of the outer ring form a scraping and throwing zone; The pre-wetting unit includes a rotary drive unit (3022), a rotary shaft (3023), a turntable (3024), and a nozzle (3025). The rotary drive unit (3022) is mounted on the lifting and rotating module (40) via a bracket. The rotary shaft (3023) is connected to the rotary drive unit (3022) via a transmission connection. The turntable (3024) is located at the end of the rotary shaft (3023). The turntable (3024) is provided with a plurality of nozzles (3025) arranged circumferentially along the end face of the turntable (3024) and a plurality of sets of bristles. The rotary shaft (3023) is provided with a main liquid supply channel, and the turntable (3024) is provided with a diversion channel communicating with the main liquid supply channel. The diversion channel is connected to the nozzle (3025).

2. The equipment for cleaning coal dust adhering to the walls of coal mine roadways according to claim 1, characterized in that, The dust collection hood (3021) is provided with a flexible sealing element (3027) on the outer ring of its end face, and a dust concentration sensor (3028) is provided on its side wall.

3. The equipment for cleaning coal dust adhering to the walls of coal mine roadways according to claim 2, characterized in that, The negative pressure collection assembly (301) includes a cyclone dust collector (3011), a coal dust collector (3015), a venturi scrubber (3012), and a centrifugal fan (3013); the coal dust collector (3015) is mounted on the frame (20); the first end of the cyclone dust collector (3011) is connected to the inner cavity of the dust collection hood (3021), the second end of the lower part is connected to the coal dust collector (3015); the third end of the top part is connected to one end of the venturi scrubber (3012); the venturi scrubber (3012) has a built-in demisting assembly, and the other end of the venturi scrubber (3012) is connected to the centrifugal fan (3013); the centrifugal fan (3013) is connected to an external exhaust pipe (3014).

4. The cleaning equipment for coal dust adhering to the walls of coal mine roadways according to claim 3, characterized in that, An explosion-proof vibrator is installed on the lower side wall of the cyclone dust collector (3011).

5. The equipment for cleaning coal dust adhering to the walls of coal mine roadways according to claim 1, characterized in that, The lifting and rotating module (40) includes a lifting unit (401) disposed on the frame (20) and a rotating unit (402) disposed on the lifting unit (401).

6. The cleaning equipment for coal dust adhering to the walls of coal mine roadways according to claim 5, characterized in that, A water tank (3031) and a pump (3032) are provided below the frame (20). One end of the pump is connected to the water tank (3031), and the other end is connected to a water pipe (3033). The other end of the water pipe (3033) is connected to the pre-humidification unit.

7. A cleaning method using the coal dust removal equipment for coal mine roadway walls as described in any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that, The cleaning method includes the following steps: Step S1, the walking module (10) drives the equipment to move along the roadway to the preset position; Step S2: Based on the position of the tunnel wall to be cleaned, adjust the lifting and rotating module (40) so that the end face of the dust collection hood (3021) is in close contact with the tunnel wall; Step S3: Liquid is sprayed onto the tunnel wall through the pre-wetting unit; after a preset time, the rotary drive unit (3022) is started to drive the mechanical cleaning unit (3026) to rotate and peel off the coal powder from the tunnel wall; In step S4, the stripped coal dust enters the cyclone dust collector (3011) and is separated under the action of centrifugal force. Part of it enters the coal dust collector (3015) to achieve preliminary dust removal; the other part enters the Venturi scrubber (3012). In step S5, the dust entering the Venturi scrubber (3012) is violently mixed with high-pressure water. The mixture enters the coal powder collector (3015) to achieve secondary dust removal. The mixed gas passes through the demisting component, and the cleaned gas is discharged through the exhaust pipe (3014).

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