Cutting device for shield attitude adjustment in rock stratum and control method

Abstract

The invention discloses a cutting device for adjusting the posture of a shield in a rock stratum and a control method.The cutting device for adjusting the posture of the shield in the rock stratum comprises a rack, a moving mechanism and an adsorption mechanism are arranged at the bottom of the rack, and the moving mechanism is used for making contact with the outer side face of a shield tunneling machine and driving the rack to move on the outer side face of the shield tunneling machine; the adsorption mechanism is used for generating adsorption force on the outer side face of the shield tunneling machine so that the moving mechanism can keep making contact with the outer side face of the shield tunneling machine, and a water jet cutting mechanism is further arranged on the rack and used for outputting a water jet to clean soil at the bottom of the shield tunneling machine. Adsorption force is generated on the outer side face of the shield tunneling machine through the adsorption mechanism, the moving mechanism keeps making contact with the outer side face of the shield tunneling machine, the moving mechanism can conveniently drive the rack to move on the outer surface of the shield tunneling machine, the water jet cutting mechanism can clean soil below the shield tunneling machine, and deep well excavation is not needed; the method is particularly suitable for the conditions that the shield depth is large, ground construction is inconvenient or a shield tunneling machine is located in a rock stratum, and construction convenience is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of shield tunneling attitude adjustment technology, and in particular to a cutting device and control method for adjusting the attitude of a shield tunneling machine in rock strata. Background Technology

[0002] During the tunneling process, if the soil generated by the cutterhead is not transported to the tunnel boring machine in time due to factors such as geological conditions or mechanical equipment failure, the soil will accumulate below the tunnel boring machine, causing the tunnel boring machine to deviate upwards and thus affecting the orientation of the formed tunnel segments. Therefore, it is necessary to adjust the orientation of the tunnel boring machine.

[0003] The commonly used treatment method is ground treatment, which involves grouting or excavating shafts. However, this method is only suitable for situations where the tunnel boring machine is not deep and there is space on the ground for treatment. When ground construction is inconvenient, or when the tunnel boring machine is deep, or when the tunnel boring machine is located in rock strata, ground grouting or excavating shafts is inconvenient. Therefore, a new treatment method is urgently needed. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of this application is to provide a cutting device and control method for adjusting the attitude of a tunnel boring machine (TBM) in rock strata, so as to improve the problem of the inconvenience of traditional construction methods in handling situations where the TBM is in rock strata.

[0005] Firstly, this application provides a cutting device for adjusting the attitude of a tunnel boring machine in rock strata, which adopts the following technical solution: A cutting device for adjusting the attitude of a tunnel boring machine (TBM) in rock strata includes a frame. The bottom of the frame is provided with a moving mechanism and an adsorption mechanism. The moving mechanism is used to contact the outer side of the TBM and drive the frame to move on the outer side of the TBM. The adsorption mechanism is used to generate an adsorption force on the outer side of the TBM so that the moving mechanism maintains contact with the outer side of the TBM. The frame is also provided with a water jet cutting mechanism, which is used to output water jets to clean the soil at the bottom of the TBM.

[0006] By adopting the above technical solution, the adsorption mechanism generates an adsorption force on the outer side of the tunnel boring machine (TBM), and the moving mechanism maintains contact with the outer side of the TBM. This facilitates the moving mechanism to drive the frame to move on the outer surface of the TBM. At the same time, the water jet cutting mechanism can clean the soil under the TBM. Together with the moving mechanism, the entire layer of soil under the TBM can be cleaned without the need to excavate a deep well, saving costs. This solution is especially suitable for situations where the tunnel boring machine is deep, ground construction is inconvenient, or the TBM is located in rock strata, thus improving the convenience of construction.

[0007] Optionally, the adsorption mechanism includes a permanent magnet adsorption component and an electromagnetic adsorption component. The permanent magnet adsorption component is located in the middle of the frame, and the electromagnetic adsorption component is located at the edge of the frame. When the frame is placed on the outer side of the tunnel boring machine or removed from the outer side of the tunnel boring machine, the electromagnetic adsorption component is in a closed state.

[0008] The above technical solution maintains the basic adsorption force through the permanent magnet adsorption component and provides enhanced adsorption force through the electromagnetic adsorption component, thereby reducing the possibility of the moving mechanism detaching from the surface of the tunnel boring machine and reducing the resistance when placing or removing the frame.

[0009] Optionally, the adsorption assembly further includes a vacuum adsorption assembly. When the water jet cutting mechanism is working, the vacuum adsorption assembly is in the working state; when the water jet cutting mechanism is not working, the vacuum adsorption assembly is in the off state.

[0010] Through the above technical solution, when the waterjet cutting mechanism is working, the frame is temporarily fixed by the vacuum adsorption component, reducing the possibility of frame displacement caused by the reaction force generated by the waterjet cutting mechanism.

[0011] Optionally, the vacuum adsorption assembly includes a first telescopic component and a vacuum suction cup. The first telescopic component is fixedly connected to the frame, and the vacuum suction cup is connected to the movable end of the first telescopic component. A negative pressure tube is connected to the vacuum suction cup.

[0012] Through the above technical solution, the first telescopic component facilitates the contact or detachment of the vacuum suction cup with the surface of the tunnel boring machine. The vacuum suction cup, in conjunction with the negative pressure pipe, can generate a large suction force, thereby temporarily fixing the frame to the outer surface of the tunnel boring machine, providing stable working conditions for the water jet cutting mechanism, and thus improving the efficiency and effectiveness of cleaning the mud at the bottom of the tunnel boring machine.

[0013] Optionally, the moving mechanism is provided in four sets, and the four sets of moving mechanisms are located at the four corner points of the frame. The moving mechanism includes a first rotating component, a first turntable, a second rotating component, and a moving wheel. The first rotating component is fixedly connected to the frame, the first turntable is fixedly connected to the movable end of the first rotating component, the second rotating component is fixedly connected to the first turntable, and the moving wheel is coaxially fixedly connected to the movable end of the second rotating component.

[0014] The above technical solution adjusts the direction of the moving wheel by using the first turntable to regulate the direction of movement of the moving wheel, and the second rotating component facilitates the rotation of the moving wheel, thereby driving the frame to move on the outer surface of the tunnel boring machine.

[0015] Optionally, the waterjet cutting mechanism includes a rotation adjustment component, a tilt adjustment component, and a waterjet. The rotation adjustment component is connected to the frame, the tilt adjustment component is connected to the movable end of the rotation adjustment component, and the waterjet is connected to the movable end of the tilt adjustment component.

[0016] By adopting the above technical solution, the working direction of the water jet can be adjusted around the axis of the rotary adjustment component by means of the rotary adjustment component, and the working direction of the water jet can be adjusted along the axis of the rotary adjustment component by means of the tilt adjustment component, thereby improving the flexibility of the water jet operation.

[0017] Optionally, the rotation adjustment assembly includes a third rotating component and a second turntable. The third rotating component is fixedly connected to the frame, the second turntable is connected to the movable end of the third rotating component, and the tilt adjustment assembly is connected to the second turntable.

[0018] By adopting the above technical solution, the third rotating component and the second turntable can easily drive the rotation tilt adjustment component to rotate, thereby facilitating the adjustment of the working direction of the water jet.

[0019] Optionally, the tilt adjustment assembly includes a second telescopic member and a third telescopic member disposed on the second turntable, the movable ends of the second telescopic member and the third telescopic member being hinged to the water jet respectively.

[0020] The above technical solution allows for easy adjustment of the water jet's front and rear positions by cooperating with the second and third telescopic components, thereby adjusting the water jet's working direction along the axis of the second turntable.

[0021] Optionally, a distance sensor is provided on the side of the frame facing the outer side of the tunnel boring machine. The distance sensor is located at the edge of the frame, and multiple distance sensors are provided along the circumference of the frame.

[0022] The above technical solution uses distance sensors to monitor the distance between various positions of the frame and the outer surface of the tunnel boring machine in real time. This allows for the adjustment of the adsorption force by controlling the corresponding electromagnetic adsorption components, thereby maintaining the overall balance of the frame.

[0023] Secondly, this application provides a control method.

[0024] A control method, based on the above-mentioned cutting device for adjusting the attitude of a tunnel boring machine in rock strata, is characterized by comprising the following steps: S1. Open an operating port on the tunnel boring machine; S2. Operators excavate the soil under the tunnel boring machine through the operating hole and gradually excavate the first trench under the tunnel boring machine. S3. Then, excavate a second trench perpendicular to the first trench from the side wall of the first trench, and clean the outer surface of the tunnel boring machine located above the first trench and the second trench to keep the outer surface of the tunnel boring machine in this part smooth. S4. The moving mechanism is attached to the outer surface of the tunnel boring machine and located above the first trench. The adsorption mechanism keeps the moving mechanism in contact with the outer surface of the tunnel boring machine. S5. The water jet cutting mechanism starts working to clean the soil at the bottom of the tunnel boring machine. At the same time, the moving mechanism drives the frame to move along the length of the second trench on the surface of the tunnel boring machine until a layer of soil is cleaned from the corner of the tunnel boring machine, so that the angle of the tunnel boring machine reaches the design angle.

[0025] By adopting the above technical solution, by excavating the first and second trenches under the tunnel boring machine, a working space is provided for the cutting device for adjusting the attitude of the tunnel boring machine in the rock strata, thereby enabling the cleaning of the soil under the tunnel boring machine at a lower cost.

[0026] In summary, this application includes at least one of the following beneficial technical effects: 1. The adsorption mechanism generates an adsorption force on the outer surface of the tunnel boring machine (TBM), and the moving mechanism maintains contact with the outer surface of the TBM, which facilitates the movement of the frame on the outer surface of the TBM. At the same time, the water jet cutting mechanism can clean the soil under the TBM. Together with the moving mechanism, the entire layer of soil under the TBM can be cleaned without the need to excavate a deep well, saving costs. It is especially suitable for situations where the tunnel depth is large or ground construction is inconvenient, thus improving the convenience of construction. 2. The basic adsorption force is maintained by the permanent magnet adsorption component, and the adsorption force is enhanced by the electromagnetic adsorption component, thereby reducing the possibility of the moving mechanism detaching from the surface of the tunnel boring machine, and at the same time reducing the resistance when the frame is placed or removed. 3. When the waterjet cutting mechanism is working, the frame is temporarily fixed by the vacuum adsorption component to reduce the possibility of frame displacement caused by the reaction force generated by the waterjet cutting mechanism. 4. The first telescopic component facilitates the contact or detachment of the vacuum suction cup from the surface of the tunnel boring machine. The vacuum suction cup, in conjunction with the negative pressure pipe, can generate a large suction force, thereby temporarily fixing the frame to the outer surface of the tunnel boring machine, providing stable working conditions for the water jet cutting mechanism, and thus improving the efficiency and effectiveness of cleaning the mud at the bottom of the tunnel boring machine. 5. The direction of the moving wheel is adjusted by the first turntable to regulate the direction of movement of the moving wheel. The second rotating component facilitates the rotation of the moving wheel, thereby driving the frame to move on the outer surface of the tunnel boring machine. 6. The working direction of the water jet can be adjusted around the axis of the rotary adjustment component by means of the rotary adjustment component, and the working direction of the water jet can be adjusted along the axis of the rotary adjustment component by means of the tilt adjustment component, thereby improving the flexibility of the water jet operation; 7. The second and third telescopic components work together to facilitate the adjustment of the water jet's front and rear positions, thereby adjusting the working direction of the water jet along the axis of the second turntable; 8. By excavating the first and second trenches under the tunnel boring machine, a working space is provided for the cutting device for adjusting the attitude of the tunnel boring machine in the rock strata, thereby enabling the clearing of the soil under the tunnel boring machine at a lower cost. Attached Figure Description

[0027] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the strengthening device in this invention.

[0028] Figure 2 yes Figure 1 A magnified view of part A in the middle.

[0029] Figure 3 This is a structural schematic diagram illustrating the reinforced vibration damping component in this invention.

[0030] Figure 4 This is a top view schematic diagram illustrating the first and second grooves in this invention.

[0031] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the structure of the cutting device for adjusting the attitude of a tunnel boring machine in rock strata in this invention.

[0032] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the structure of the vacuum adsorption component and the moving mechanism in this invention.

[0033] Figure 7 This is a structural schematic diagram illustrating the top support device in this invention.

[0034] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the structure of the locking component in this invention.

[0035] In the diagram, 1. Frame; 11. Moving mechanism; 111. First rotating component; 112. First turntable; 113. Second rotating component; 114. Moving wheel; 12. Adsorption mechanism; 121. Electromagnetic adsorption assembly; 122. Permanent magnet adsorption assembly; 123. Vacuum adsorption assembly; 1231. First telescopic component; 1232. Vacuum suction cup; 124. Distance sensor; 13. Water jet cutting mechanism; 131. Rotation adjustment assembly; 1311. Third rotating component; 1312. Second turntable; 132. Tilt adjustment assembly; 1321. Second telescopic component; 1322. Third telescopic component; 133. Water jet; 2. Reinforcing frame; 21. Reinforcing plate; 22. Reinforcing rib; 3. Reinforcing support assembly; 31. Support rod; 3 2. Connecting rod; 4. Reinforced vibration damping assembly; 41. First mounting plate; 42. Second mounting plate; 43. Third mounting plate; 44. Vertical rod; 45. Horizontal rod; 46. First diagonal rod; 47. Second diagonal rod; 48. Energy-absorbing spring; 49. Adjusting sleeve; 5. Tunnel boring machine; 51. Operating hole; 52. First trench; 53. Second trench; 6. Lifting assembly; 61. Fourth telescopic component; 62. Locking sleeve; 63. Locking component; 631. Locking block; 632. Tie rod; 633. Limiting spring; 634. Locking tooth; 635. Locking groove; 7. V-shaped support assembly; 71. V-shaped plate; 72. Extension plate; 73. First flange; 74. Second flange; 75. Adhesive plate; 751. Arc surface; 752. Cylindrical roller. Detailed Implementation

[0036] The present invention will now be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. These drawings are simplified schematic diagrams, illustrating only the basic structure of the invention, and therefore only show the components relevant to the invention.

[0037] In the description of this invention, it should be understood that the terms "center," "longitudinal," "lateral," "length," "width," "thickness," "upper," "lower," "front," "rear," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "top," "bottom," "inner," "outer," "clockwise," "counterclockwise," "axial," "radial," and "circumferential," etc., indicating orientation or positional relationships based on the orientation or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, are only for the convenience of describing the invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation of the invention. Furthermore, features defined with "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of that feature. In the description of this invention, unless otherwise stated, "a plurality of" means two or more. In the description of this invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "installed," "connected," and "linked" should be interpreted broadly, for example, as a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; as a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; as a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; or as a connection within two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this invention according to the specific circumstances.

[0038] Example 1 In the first aspect, this application discloses a cutting device for adjusting the attitude of a tunnel boring machine in rock strata.

[0039] A cutting device for adjusting the attitude of a tunnel boring machine in rock strata, as shown in the reference. Figures 1 to 8 The system includes a frame 1, with a moving mechanism 11 and an adsorption mechanism 12 at the bottom of the frame 1. The moving mechanism 11 is used to contact the outer side of the tunnel boring machine 5 and drive the frame 1 to move on the outer side of the tunnel boring machine 5. The adsorption mechanism 12 is used to generate an adsorption force on the outer side of the tunnel boring machine 5 so that the moving mechanism 11 remains in contact with the outer side of the tunnel boring machine 5. The frame 1 is also equipped with a water jet cutting mechanism 133, which is used to output water jets 133 to clean the soil at the bottom of the tunnel boring machine 5.

[0040] The adsorption mechanism 12 generates an adsorption force on the outer surface of the tunnel boring machine 5, and the moving mechanism 11 maintains contact with the outer surface of the tunnel boring machine 5, thereby facilitating the moving mechanism 11 to drive the frame 1 to move on the outer surface of the tunnel boring machine 5. At the same time, the water jet cutting mechanism 13 can clean the soil under the tunnel boring machine 5. Together with the moving mechanism 11, the entire layer of soil under the tunnel boring machine 5 can be cleaned without the need to excavate a deep well, saving costs. It is especially suitable for situations where the tunnel boring depth is large or ground construction is inconvenient, thus improving the convenience of construction.

[0041] Specifically, the adsorption mechanism 12 includes a permanent magnet adsorption component 122 and an electromagnetic adsorption component 121. The permanent magnet adsorption component 122 is located in the middle of the frame 1, and the electromagnetic adsorption component 121 is located at the edge of the frame 1. When the frame 1 is placed on or removed from the outer side of the tunnel boring machine 5, the electromagnetic adsorption component 121 is in the closed state. The permanent magnet adsorption component 122 maintains the basic adsorption force, and the electromagnetic adsorption component 121 provides a stronger adsorption force, thereby reducing the possibility of the moving mechanism 11 detaching from the surface of the tunnel boring machine 5, and also reducing the resistance when the frame 1 is placed or removed. The permanent magnet adsorption component 122 can be a permanent magnet, and the electromagnetic adsorption component 121 can be an electromagnet.

[0042] Specifically, the adsorption assembly also includes a vacuum adsorption assembly 123. When the water jet cutting mechanism 133 is working, the vacuum adsorption assembly 123 is in the working state; when the water jet cutting mechanism 133 is not working, the vacuum adsorption assembly 123 is in the closed state. When the water jet cutting mechanism 133 is working, the vacuum adsorption assembly 123 temporarily fixes the frame 1, reducing the possibility of the frame 1 shifting due to the reaction force generated by the operation of the water jet cutting mechanism 133.

[0043] More specifically, the vacuum adsorption assembly 123 includes a first telescopic member 1231 and a vacuum suction cup 1232. The first telescopic member 1231 is fixedly connected to the frame 1, and the vacuum suction cup 1232 is connected to the movable end of the first telescopic member 1231. A negative pressure pipe is connected to the vacuum suction cup 1232. The first telescopic member 1231 facilitates the driving of the vacuum suction cup 1232 to contact or detach from the surface of the tunnel boring machine 5. The vacuum suction cup 1232, in conjunction with the negative pressure pipe, can generate a large adsorption force, thereby temporarily fixing the frame 1 to the outer surface of the tunnel boring machine 5, providing stable working conditions for the water jet cutting mechanism 133, and thus improving the efficiency and effectiveness of cleaning the soil at the bottom of the tunnel boring machine 5.

[0044] The moving mechanism 11 comprises four sets, located at the four corners of the frame 1. Each moving mechanism 11 includes a first rotating component 111, a first turntable 112, a second rotating component 113, and a moving wheel 114. The first rotating component 111 is fixedly connected to the frame 1. The first turntable 112 is fixedly connected to the movable end of the first rotating component 111. The second rotating component 113 is fixedly connected to the first turntable 112. The moving wheel 114 is coaxially fixedly connected to the movable end of the second rotating component 113. The direction of the moving wheel 114 is adjusted by the first turntable 112, thereby regulating its movement. The second rotating component 113 facilitates the rotation of the moving wheel 114, which in turn moves the frame 1 on the outer surface of the tunnel boring machine 5.

[0045] Furthermore, the waterjet cutting mechanism 13 includes a rotation adjustment assembly 131, a tilt adjustment assembly 132, and a waterjet 133. The rotation adjustment assembly 131 is connected to the frame 1, the tilt adjustment assembly 132 is connected to the movable end of the rotation adjustment assembly 131, and the waterjet 133 is connected to the movable end of the tilt adjustment assembly 132. The working direction of the waterjet 133 can be adjusted around the axis of the rotation adjustment assembly 131 via the rotation adjustment assembly 131, and the working direction of the waterjet 133 can be adjusted along the axis of the rotation adjustment assembly 131 via the tilt adjustment assembly 132, thereby improving the flexibility of the waterjet 133's operation.

[0046] Specifically, the rotation adjustment assembly 131 includes a third rotating member 1311 and a second turntable 1312. The third rotating member 1311 is fixedly connected to the frame 1, and the second turntable 1312 is connected to the movable end of the third rotating member 1311. The tilt adjustment assembly 132 is connected to the second turntable 1312. The third rotating member 1311 and the second turntable 1312 facilitate the rotation of the tilt adjustment assembly 132, thereby facilitating the adjustment of the working direction of the water jet 133.

[0047] The tilt adjustment assembly 132 includes a second telescopic member 1321 and a third telescopic member 1322 disposed on the second turntable 1312. The movable ends of the second telescopic member 1321 and the third telescopic member 1322 are respectively hinged to the water jet 133. By cooperating with the second telescopic member 1321 and the third telescopic member 1322, the front and rear positions of the water jet 133 can be easily adjusted, thereby adjusting the working direction of the water jet 133 along the axial direction of the second turntable 1312.

[0048] A distance sensor 124 is installed on the side of the frame 1 facing the outer surface of the tunnel boring machine 5. Multiple distance sensors 124 are located at the edge of the frame 1 and are arranged circumferentially along the frame 1. Each distance sensor 124 is electrically connected to an electromagnetic adsorption component 121. The distance sensor 124 can be a laser rangefinder. By monitoring the distance between various positions of the frame 1 and the outer surface of the tunnel boring machine 5 in real time through the distance sensors 124, the adsorption force can be adjusted by controlling the corresponding electromagnetic adsorption component 121 to maintain the overall balance of the frame 1.

[0049] Secondly, this application provides a control method.

[0050] A control method, based on the above-mentioned cutting device for adjusting the attitude of a tunnel boring machine in rock strata, is characterized by comprising the following steps: S1. An operating hole 51 is opened on the tunnel boring machine 5. Before opening the operating hole 51, a reinforcing device is installed inside the tunnel boring machine 5.

[0051] The reinforcement device includes two reinforcing frames 2 mounted on the tail of the shield. Each reinforcing frame 2 surrounds an operating hole 51, and a reinforcing support assembly 3 connects the two reinforcing frames 2. A reinforcing vibration damping assembly 4 is also connected to each reinforcing frame 2. By setting the reinforcing frames 2 around the operating hole 51, the tail structure around the operating hole 51 can be supported and reinforced, while preventing the structural weakening caused by the operating hole 51 from spreading. At the same time, the reinforcing support assembly 3 increases the strength between the two reinforcing frames 2, improving the overall stability. Finally, the reinforcing vibration damping assembly 4 weakens the vibration generated during tail hole correction and other construction processes, further ensuring the safety of the tail of the shield.

[0052] Specifically, the reinforcing frame 2 includes four reinforcing plates 21 connected to the inner wall of the shield tail. The four reinforcing plates 21 are connected end to end and surround the operating hole 51. The minimum distance between each reinforcing plate 21 and the operating hole 51 is equal. By reinforcing the operating hole 51 with the four reinforcing plates 21 and ensuring that the distance between the reinforcing plates 21 and the operating hole 51 is equal, the uniformity of the reinforcement of the operating hole 51 can be further guaranteed.

[0053] It should be noted that the shape of the reinforcing frame 2 is the same as the shape of the operating hole 51, which can improve the uniformity of the reinforcement of the operating hole 51 and thus ensure the reinforcement effect.

[0054] A reinforcing rib 22 connects the reinforcing plate 21 to the inner wall of the shield tail. The reinforcing rib 22 can be triangular or quadrilateral. The reinforcing member increases the strength of the connection between the reinforcing plate 21 and the shield tail, thereby improving the stability of the reinforcing plate 21 in strengthening the operating hole 51.

[0055] The reinforcing support assembly 3 includes two support rods 31 and one connecting rod 32. The two ends of the two support rods 31 are respectively connected to the two reinforcing frames 2. The connecting rod 32 connects the two support rods 31 and is perpendicular to the two support rods 31. The cooperation of the two support rods 31 and the connecting rod 32 enhances the stability of the two reinforcing frames 2.

[0056] Specifically, the reinforced vibration damping assembly 4 includes a first mounting plate 41, a second mounting plate 42, and a third mounting plate 43 connected to the inner wall of the shield tail. A vertical rod 44 connects the first mounting plate 41 and the second mounting plate 42, a horizontal rod 45 connects the third mounting plate 43 and the vertical rod 44, a first diagonal rod 46 connects the first mounting plate 41 and the third mounting plate 43, and a second diagonal rod 47 connects the second mounting plate 42 and the third mounting plate 43. The vertical rod 44, the horizontal rod 45, and the first diagonal rod 46 form right-angled triangles, as do the second diagonal rod 47. The first mounting plate 41 is connected to the reinforcing frame 2. By forming two right-angled triangles with the vertical rod 44, the horizontal rod 45, the first diagonal rod 46, and the second diagonal rod 47, the reinforcement of the shield tail is further enhanced, improving the overall strength and reducing the possibility of the operating hole 51 affecting the shield tail.

[0057] More specifically, an energy-absorbing spring 48 is fitted onto the first inclined rod 46 and the second inclined rod 47 respectively. One end of the energy-absorbing spring 48 on the first inclined rod 46 abuts against the first mounting plate 41, and the other end abuts against the third mounting plate 43. One end of the energy-absorbing spring 48 on the second inclined rod 47 abuts against the second mounting plate 42, and the other end abuts against the third mounting plate 43. By setting up the energy-absorbing spring 48, when vibration occurs at the shield tail, energy can be dissipated through the expansion and contraction of the energy-absorbing spring 48, thereby achieving a certain degree of vibration reduction. The energy-absorbing spring 48 is a compression spring.

[0058] It should be noted that both the first diagonal bar 46 and the second diagonal bar 47 are damping bars to better cooperate with the energy-absorbing spring 48 and achieve vibration reduction.

[0059] In addition, an adjusting sleeve 49 is threadedly connected to the first mounting plate 41, the second mounting plate 42, or the third mounting plate 43. The adjusting sleeve 49 is fitted onto the first inclined rod 46 or the second inclined rod 47 and is used to abut against the energy-absorbing spring 48. The degree of contraction of the energy-absorbing spring 48 is adjusted by the adjusting sleeve 49, thereby achieving better vibration reduction.

[0060] S2. The operator excavates the soil below the tunnel boring machine 5 through the operating hole 51 and gradually excavates the first trench 52 below the tunnel boring machine 5.

[0061] S3. Then, a second trench 53 perpendicular to the first trench 52 is excavated from the side wall of the first trench 52, and the outer surface of the tunnel boring machine 5 above the first trench 52 and the second trench 53 is cleaned so that the outer surface of the tunnel boring machine 5 in this part remains smooth.

[0062] S4. The moving mechanism 11 is attached to the outer surface of the tunnel boring machine 5 and located above the first groove 52. The adsorption mechanism 12 keeps the moving mechanism 11 attached to the outer surface of the tunnel boring machine 5.

[0063] S5, the water jet cutting mechanism 13 starts working to clean the soil at the bottom of the tunnel boring machine 5. At the same time, the moving mechanism 11 drives the frame 1 to move along the length of the second trench 53 on the surface of the tunnel boring machine 5 until a layer of soil is cleaned from the corner of the tunnel boring machine 5, so that the angle of the tunnel boring machine 5 reaches the design angle.

[0064] After the water jet cutting mechanism 13 has finished its work, if the shield machine 5 tilts downwards due to excessive cleaning of the soil below it, the shield machine 5 will be lifted to the set height by the jacking device.

[0065] The jacking device includes a jacking component 6 and a V-shaped support component 7. The jacking component 6 is installed in the first trench 52, and the V-shaped support component 7 is connected to the movable end of the jacking component 6. The V-shaped support component 7 is used to support the tunnel boring machine 5. The tunnel boring machine 5 is supported by the V-shaped support component 7, and then the jacking component 6 lifts the V-shaped support component 7, thereby lifting the tunnel boring machine 5 and adjusting its attitude.

[0066] The lifting assembly 6 has multiple sets, and the movable ends of all sets of lifting assemblies 6 are connected to the V-shaped support assembly 7. Multiple sets of lifting assemblies 6 can improve the lifting power and the uniformity of the lifting force, thereby ensuring the stability of the tunnel boring machine 5 during the attitude adjustment process.

[0067] Specifically, the lifting assembly 6 includes a fourth telescopic member 61, the extension rod of which is connected to the V-shaped support assembly 7. A locking sleeve 62 is installed on the fourth telescopic member 61, and a locking element 63 is provided between the locking sleeve 62 and the extension rod of the fourth telescopic member 61. The locking sleeve 62 and the locking element 63 facilitate locking the extension rod of the fourth telescopic member 61, thereby preventing the extension rod of the fourth telescopic member 61 from retracting during operation.

[0068] More specifically, the locking sleeve 62 has a sliding groove 621, and the locking component 63 includes a locking block 631, a pull rod 632, and a limiting spring 633. The locking block 631 slides within the sliding groove 621, and a locking groove 635 is formed on the side wall of the extension rod. The locking block 631 has locking teeth 634 for engaging in the locking groove 635. The pull rod 632 is connected to the end of the locking block 631 away from the locking groove 635, and the end of the pull rod 632 away from the locking block 631 extends out of the locking sleeve 62. The limiting spring 633 is fitted onto the pull rod 632, with one end abutting against the bottom of the sliding groove 621 and the other end abutting against the locking block 631. The limiting spring 633 applies pressure to the locking block 631, causing the locking teeth 634 to engage in the locking groove 635, thereby preventing the telescopic rod from moving downward.

[0069] It should be noted that the locking tooth 634 has a triangular cross-sectional shape, and the locking groove 635 is adapted to the locking tooth 634 so that when the extension rod extends, the locking groove 635 can pass over the locking tooth 634, and when the extension rod retracts, the locking tooth 634 and the locking groove 635 engage. Through the specific triangular shape of the locking tooth 634 and the locking groove 635, the locking groove 635 can pass over the locking tooth 634 when the extension rod extends, and engage with the locking tooth 634 and the locking groove 635 when the extension rod retracts, thereby achieving automatic locking and further ensuring the safety of the fourth telescopic member 61.

[0070] Specifically, the V-shaped support assembly 7 includes a V-shaped plate 71 and two extension plates 72, which are respectively connected to both sides of the V-shaped plate 71. Decomposing the V-shaped support assembly 7 into the V-shaped plate 71 and the two extension plates 72 facilitates access through the operating hole 51, improving construction convenience. Each side of the V-shaped plate 71 has a locking groove, and each extension plate 72 is connected to a locking plate for insertion into the locking groove. A first flange 73 is connected to the extension plate 72, and a second flange 74 is provided on the V-shaped plate 71. The first flange 73 and the second flange 74 are connected by bolts. Through the cooperation of the locking plate and the locking groove, combined with the reinforcement of the first flange 73 and the second flange 74, reliable fixation of the V-shaped plate 71 and the extension plates 72 is ensured, thereby guaranteeing the safety of the tunnel boring machine 5's attitude adjustment.

[0071] An adhesive plate 75 is fixedly connected to the extension plate 72. The adhesive plate 75 has an arc surface 751 that mates with the outer surface of the tunnel boring machine 5. Several cylindrical rollers 752 are mounted on the arc surface 751. The cylindrical rollers 752 are rotatably connected to the adhesive plate 75, and the axes of the cylindrical rollers 752 are perpendicular to the axis of the tunnel boring machine 5, allowing the tunnel boring machine 5 to move along its own axis. The cylindrical rollers 752 help reduce friction during the movement of the tunnel boring machine 5.

[0072] It should be noted that after the tunnel boring machine 5 has traveled a certain distance, the top support device is retrieved through the first trench 52 and the second trench 53. The bottom of the first trench 52 is reinforced with concrete or steel plates, and a drainage ditch is set up to collect water flow and pump it away to prevent groundwater pollution.

[0073] Working principle: By excavating the first trench 52 and the second trench 53 under the tunnel boring machine 5, a working space is provided for cleaning the soil under the tunnel boring machine 5. This allows for the cleaning of the soil under the tunnel boring machine 5 at a lower cost. If the tunnel boring machine 5 tilts downward after the soil under it is cleaned, the jacking device will lift the tunnel boring machine 5 to the set height, thus eliminating the need to excavate a shaft from the ground and improving construction efficiency.

[0074] By excavating the first trench 52 and the second trench 53 below the tunnel boring machine 5, a working space is provided for the cutting device for adjusting the attitude of the tunnel boring machine in the rock strata, thereby enabling the cleaning of the soil below the tunnel boring machine 5 at a lower cost.

[0075] The embodiments described in this specific implementation are preferred embodiments of this application and are not intended to limit the scope of protection of this application. Identical components are represented by the same reference numerals. Therefore, all equivalent changes made to the structure, shape, and principle of this application should be covered within the scope of protection of this application.

Claims

1. A cutting device for adjusting the attitude of a tunnel boring machine in rock strata, characterized in that, The device includes a frame (1), at the bottom of which a moving mechanism (11) and an adsorption mechanism (12) are provided. The moving mechanism (11) is used to contact the outer side of the tunnel boring machine (5) and drive the frame (1) to move on the outer side of the tunnel boring machine (5). The adsorption mechanism (12) is used to generate an adsorption force on the outer side of the tunnel boring machine (5) so that the moving mechanism (11) remains in contact with the outer side of the tunnel boring machine (5). The frame (1) is also provided with a water jet (133) cutting mechanism (13), which is used to output water jets (133) to clean the soil at the bottom of the tunnel boring machine (5).

2. The cutting device for adjusting the attitude of a shield tunneling machine in rock strata according to claim 1, characterized in that: The adsorption mechanism (12) includes a permanent magnet adsorption component (122) and an electromagnetic adsorption component (121). The permanent magnet adsorption component (122) is located in the middle of the frame (1), and the electromagnetic adsorption component (121) is located at the edge of the frame (1). When the frame (1) is placed on the outer side of the tunnel boring machine (5) or removed from the outer side of the tunnel boring machine (5), the electromagnetic adsorption component (121) is in a closed state.

3. The cutting device for adjusting the attitude of a shield tunneling machine in rock strata according to claim 2, characterized in that: The adsorption assembly also includes a vacuum adsorption assembly (123). When the water jet (133) cutting mechanism (13) is working, the vacuum adsorption assembly (123) is in a working state; when the water jet (133) cutting mechanism (13) is not working, the vacuum adsorption assembly (123) is in a closed state.

4. A cutting device for adjusting the attitude of a shield tunneling machine in rock strata according to claim 3, characterized in that: The vacuum adsorption assembly (123) includes a first telescopic member (1231) and a vacuum suction cup (1232). The first telescopic member (1231) is fixedly connected to the frame (1). The vacuum suction cup (1232) is connected to the movable end of the first telescopic member (1231). A negative pressure tube is connected to the vacuum suction cup (1232).

5. A cutting device for adjusting the attitude of a shield tunneling machine in rock strata according to claim 4, characterized in that: The moving mechanism (11) is provided in four sets, and the four sets of moving mechanisms (11) are located at the four corners of the frame (1). The moving mechanism (11) includes a first rotating component (111), a first turntable (112), a second rotating component (113), and a moving wheel (114). The first rotating component (111) is fixedly connected to the frame (1), the first turntable (112) is fixedly connected to the movable end of the first rotating component (111), the second rotating component (113) is fixedly connected to the first turntable (112), and the moving wheel (114) is coaxially fixedly connected to the movable end of the second rotating component (113).

6. A cutting device for adjusting the attitude of a shield tunneling machine in rock strata according to claim 5, characterized in that: The water jet (133) cutting mechanism (13) includes a rotation adjustment component (131), a tilt adjustment component (132), and a water jet (133). The rotation adjustment component (131) is connected to the frame (1), the tilt adjustment component (132) is connected to the movable end of the rotation adjustment component (131), and the water jet (133) is connected to the movable end of the tilt adjustment component (132).

7. A cutting device for adjusting the attitude of a shield tunneling machine in rock strata according to claim 6, characterized in that: The rotation adjustment assembly (131) includes a third rotating component (1311) and a second turntable (1312). The third rotating component (1311) is fixedly connected to the frame (1), and the second turntable (1312) is connected to the movable end of the third rotating component (1311). The tilt adjustment assembly (132) is connected to the second turntable (1312).

8. A cutting device for adjusting the attitude of a shield tunneling machine in rock strata according to claim 7, characterized in that: The tilt adjustment assembly (132) includes a second telescopic member (1321) and a third telescopic member (1322) disposed on the second turntable (1312), and the movable ends of the second telescopic member (1321) and the third telescopic member (1322) are respectively hinged to the water jet (133).

9. A cutting device for adjusting the attitude of a shield tunneling machine in rock strata according to claim 7, characterized in that: The frame (1) is provided with a distance sensor (124) on the side facing the outer side of the tunnel boring machine (5). The distance sensor (124) is located at the edge of the frame (1), and multiple distance sensors (124) are provided along the circumference of the frame (1).

10. A control method, based on the cutting device for adjusting the attitude of a tunnel boring machine in rock strata as described in any one of claims 1-9, characterized in that: Includes the following steps: S1. Open an operating hole (51) on the tunnel boring machine (5); S2. The operator excavates the soil below the shield machine (5) through the operating hole (51) and gradually excavates the first trench (52) below the shield machine (5). S3. Then, a second trench (53) perpendicular to the first trench (52) is excavated from the side wall of the first trench (52), and the outer surface of the shield machine (5) above the first trench (52) and the second trench (53) is cleaned so that the outer surface of the shield machine (5) in this part remains smooth. S4. The moving mechanism (11) is attached to the outer surface of the tunnel boring machine (5) and located above the first groove (52), and the moving mechanism (11) is kept in contact with the outer surface of the tunnel boring machine (5) by the adsorption mechanism (12). S5. The water jet (133) cutting mechanism (13) starts working to clean the soil at the bottom of the tunnel boring machine (5). At the same time, the moving mechanism (11) drives the frame (1) to move along the length of the second trench (53) on the surface of the tunnel boring machine (5) until a layer of soil is cleaned from the corner of the tunnel boring machine (5), so that the angle of the tunnel boring machine (5) reaches the design angle.

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