Air purification device for enclosed space construction

Abstract

The application relates to the technical field of building ventilation, in particular to an air purification device for closed space construction, which comprises a base frame arranged at a connecting position of a closed space and an external environment, the inside of the base frame is divided into a first area and a second area, a filter container is blocked in the first area, a first filter structure is arranged on the filter container, and a gas outlet is arranged on the filter container; an air extraction part is arranged in the second area and is hingedly connected with the base frame; a baffle and a sealing cover are arranged on the two sides of the air extraction part, the baffle is hingedly connected with the base frame, and the sealing cover is connected between the air extraction part, the base frame and the filter container; and an elastic part is connected between the air extraction part and the baffle. When the air in the closed space can be directly discharged, the air is directly discharged through the air extraction part; when the air in the closed space cannot be directly discharged, the air is filtered through the first filter structure and then discharged through the air extraction part, so that the blockage of the first filter structure can be reduced.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of building ventilation, in particular to an air purification device for closed space construction. BACKGROUND

[0002] When construction activities are carried out in a closed space, due to the significant limitation of the flow of the closed space and the outside atmosphere, the pollutants such as dust, volatile harmful gases generated during the construction process, and carbon dioxide accumulated after personnel breathe oxygen will continue to accumulate in the closed space. If these pollutants cannot be effectively removed in time, not only the air quality in the closed space will be reduced, but also the respiratory system and nervous system of the construction personnel may be directly harmed, and in severe cases, accidents such as hypoxia and poisoning may occur, which endanger life safety. Therefore, purifying the air in the closed space is one of the core links to protect the life safety and health of the construction personnel.

[0003] In order to improve the efficiency of air purification in the closed space and meet the continuous air quality protection needs during the construction process, an air purification device becomes a key equipment. In related technologies, such as Chinese patent application CN107036158A, an indoor and outdoor circulating air purification device is disclosed, which realizes the automatic alternating flow and purification of indoor and outdoor air by setting a fan and a high-efficiency filter screen unit.

[0004] However, when the existing air purification device based on the filter screen is running in the closed space, whether the air in the closed space can be directly discharged or not, the air in the closed space will continue to gather on the surface of the filter screen under the airflow driving of the air purification device, which causes the filter screen to be quickly clogged, thereby affecting the purification effect of the air in the closed space. SUMMARY

[0005] Therefore, it is necessary to provide an air purification device for closed space construction in view of the problem that the filter screen of the existing air purification device based on the filter screen is easy to be clogged, which leads to poor purification effect of the air in the closed space.

[0006] The above purpose is achieved by the following technical solutions:

[0007] The utility model provides an air purification device for closed space construction, the air purification device for closed space construction includes base frame, base frame sets up at the communication of closed space and outside environment when installation, the inside of base frame is divided into first area and second area, the first area is blocked up with filter container, the side of filter container towards closed space is provided with first filter structure, first filter structure is configured to be able to filter the air in closed space, the side of filter container towards second area is provided with gas outlet, and gas outlet and filter container inside communicate, the second area is provided with air draught part, air draught part is configured to be able to draw the air in closed space into outside environment, and is articulatedly connected with base frame, the side of air draught part towards closed space is provided with baffle, baffle is articulatedly connected with base frame, and the articulation point and the articulation point of air draught part on base frame coincide, and are configured to be able to block up second area and gas outlet, air draught part and baffle are connected with elastic element, under the action of elastic element, air draught part and baffle have the tendency of approaching each other, the side of air draught part towards outside environment is provided with sealing cover, and sealing cover is connected between air draught part, base frame and filter container, air draught part has corresponding first position and second position before and after rotating, when being in first position, air draught part blocks up gas outlet, and the air in closed space is discharged into outside environment through air draught part, when being in second position, baffle blocks up second area, and gas outlet is opened, and sealing cavity is formed between sealing cover, air draught part, base frame, filter container and baffle, and sealing cavity is communicated with gas outlet and outside environment simultaneously.

[0008] Further, the baffle is provided with a notch, and the air draught part is provided with an auxiliary filter part, the auxiliary filter part blocks the notch, and the auxiliary filter part is provided with a filter flow channel, when the first filter structure is blocked, the air draught part has corresponding second position and third position before and after rotating, when being in the third position, the auxiliary filter part and the baffle are arranged in dislocation, and the sealing cavity is communicated with the closed space through the filter flow channel.

[0009] Further, the filter flow channel is S-shaped.

[0010] Further, the filter flow channel is provided with a second filter structure at the end, and the second filter structure is configured to filter the air in the closed space.

[0011] Further, the second filter structure is a second filter screen.

[0012] Further, the baffle is provided with a clamping part, the clamping part can elastically slide along the extension direction of the baffle, and can be embedded in the auxiliary filter part, so that the auxiliary filter part and the baffle are arranged in parallel.

[0013] Further, the elastic part is a tension spring.

[0014] Further, the number of tension springs is multiple, and the multiple tension springs are divided into two groups, and the two groups are symmetrically arranged about the baffle.

[0015] Further, the first filtering structure is a first filtering screen.

[0016] Further, the air suction member is an air suction fan, an air suction end of the air suction fan is communicated with the closed space, and an air exhaust end is communicated with the external environment.

[0017] The present application has the following advantages:

[0018] The present application relates to an air purification device for closed space construction, which comprises a base frame, a filtering container, an air suction member, a baffle, a sealing cover and a first filtering structure arranged on the filtering container, and the air suction member and the baffle can rotate on the base frame. When the air in the closed space can be directly discharged, the air suction member is in a first position, so that the air in the closed space can be directly discharged into the external environment through the air suction member, thereby ensuring the air exchange efficiency. When the air in the closed space cannot be directly discharged, the air suction member is in a second position, a sealing cavity is formed between the sealing cover, the air suction member, the base frame, the filtering container and the baffle, and the sealing cavity is communicated with the filtering container and the external environment. At this time, the air in the closed space is first filtered by the first filtering structure and then enters the filtering container, and then is discharged into the external environment through the sealing cavity and the air suction member. Therefore, whether the first filtering structure is used or not can be determined according to the air pollution in the closed space, which can effectively reduce the probability of clogging of the first filtering structure and ensure the air purification effect in the closed space.

[0019] Further, an auxiliary filtering part is arranged, and a notch matched with the auxiliary filtering part is arranged on the baffle. When the first filtering structure is clogged, the sealing cavity is first sucked into negative pressure by the air suction member, and under the action of the pressure difference, the air suction member synchronously drives the auxiliary filtering part to rotate, so that the auxiliary filtering part is dislocated with the baffle. At this time, the sealing cavity is communicated with the closed space through the filtering flow channel, so that the air in the closed space can be preliminarily filtered through the filtering flow channel and then discharged into the external environment through the sealing cavity and the air suction member, thereby avoiding the loss of air purification function caused by the clogging of the first filtering structure. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0020] Figure 1 A perspective structural schematic view of the air purification device for closed space construction in the first position of the air suction fan is provided for the embodiment of the present application.

[0021] Figure 2 A front view structural schematic view of the air purification device for closed space construction in the first position of the air suction fan is provided for the embodiment of the present application.

[0022] Figure 3 A Figure 2 A cross-sectional view in the direction of A-A.

[0023] Figure 4 A Figure 3Structure schematic view of local enlargement at middle Y;

[0024] Figure 5 As Figure 4 Structure schematic view of local enlargement at middle Z;

[0025] Figure 6 As

[0026] Figure 7 Structure schematic view of front view of air purification device for closed space construction when suction fan is in second position;

[0027] Figure 8 As Figure 7 Sectional view of middle B-B;

[0028] Figure 9 As

[0029] Figure 10 Structure schematic view of front view of air purification device for closed space construction when suction fan is in third position;

[0030] Figure 11 As Figure 10 Sectional view of middle C-C;

[0031] Figure 12 As

[0032] Wherein:

[0033] 1, base frame;

[0034] 2, filter container; 201, first filter screen; 202, air outlet;

[0035] 3, suction fan; 301, auxiliary filter part; 3011, bottom plate; 3012, side plate; 3013, top plate; 3014, flow guide plate; 3015, filter flow channel;

[0036] 4, baffle; 401, clamping piece; 402, compression spring;

[0037] 5, tension spring;

[0038] 6, sealing cover;

[0039] 7, sealing cavity. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0040] In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present application clearer, the present application will be further described in detail below with reference to the embodiments and in conjunction with the drawings. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only used to explain the present application and not intended to limit the present application.

[0041] The numbers of components used herein, such as "first", "second", etc., are only used to distinguish the described objects, and do not have any sequence or technical meaning. In this article, "connection" and "coupling" include direct and indirect connection (coupling) unless otherwise specified. In the description of the present application, it should be understood that the orientation or positional relationship indicated by the terms "upper", "lower", "front", "back", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", "clockwise", "counterclockwise" and the like are based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present application and simplifying the description, and therefore cannot be understood as indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as limiting the present application.

[0042] In the present application, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the first feature is "on" or "under" the second feature, which can be direct contact between the first and second features, or indirect contact between the first and second features through an intermediate medium. Moreover, the first feature "above", "above" and "above" the second feature can be directly above or obliquely above the first feature, or only indicate that the horizontal height of the first feature is higher than that of the second feature. The first feature "below", "below" and "below" the second feature can be directly below or obliquely below the first feature, or only indicate that the horizontal height of the first feature is less than that of the second feature.

[0043] When the existing air purification device based on the filter screen is running in a closed space, the airflow driving assembly (such as a fan) will form a relative negative pressure area in front of the filter screen after starting. This negative pressure will break the original air static balance in the closed space, forcing the air in the space to flow to the negative pressure area, and eventually all flowing to the surface of the filter screen. In this process, various pollutants contained in the air, whether it is a small amount of dust and debris in the direct discharge scenario, or harmful gas carrier particles and sticky impurities in the non-direct discharge scenario, will be pushed to the filter screen along with the airflow. Since the core function of the filter screen is to retain pollutants through pores, these pollutants carried by the airflow will continue to adhere to the surface of the filter screen or embed in the pores, and this aggregation process will not have essential differences due to whether the air itself can be directly discharged.

[0044] More importantly, the closed nature of the enclosed space further exacerbates the accumulation effect of pollutants: the air exchange between the enclosed space and the external environment is already limited, and the total amount of internal air is relatively fixed. Under the driving of air flow, these air will repeatedly pass through the filter screen for circulation and purification, causing the pollutants in the air to be continuously concentrated and concentrated on the filter screen. This continuous and indiscriminate delivery of pollutants causes the pores of the filter screen to be filled with a large amount of material in a short period of time - initially manifested as a decrease in filter material air permeability, an increase in air flow resistance, and a decrease in purification efficiency; as the degree of clogging deepens, the filter screen will gradually lose its filtering ability for air, and even cause the entire device to stop due to air flow channel blockage, ultimately completely losing the purification effect of the air in the enclosed space, and unable to meet the continuous air quality guarantee requirements in the construction scene.

[0045] Based on this, the air purification device for enclosed space construction provided by the embodiments of the present application is particularly suitable for purifying the air in the enclosed space.

[0046] Specifically, referring to Figures 1 to 12 As shown in the air purification device for enclosed space construction provided by the embodiments of the present application, a base frame 1 is provided, which is a rectangular frame structure with the long side extending in the up-down direction and the short side extending in the front-back direction, and is arranged at the communication between the enclosed space and the external environment during installation; the inside of the base frame 1 is divided into a first area and a second area in the up-down direction, and the first area is located above the second area. A filter container 2 is blocked in the first area, which is a box structure, and an opening is formed in the left side wall, and a first filter structure is blocked at the opening, which can be a first filter screen 201, which is used to filter the air in the enclosed space; the bottom of the filter container 2 is provided with an air outlet 202, which is in communication with the inside of the filter container 2, so as to receive the air filtered by the first filter screen 201.

[0047] An air extraction device is arranged in the second area, which can be an air extraction fan 3, the air extraction end of which is in communication with the enclosed space, and the air exhaust end is in communication with the external environment, so as to extract the air in the enclosed space into the external environment; the bottom of the air extraction fan 3 is hingedly connected to the base frame 1 during installation, so that the air extraction fan 3 can swing to the left / right side around the bottom hinge point, facilitating subsequent position switching, and the top can be frictionally fitted with the bottom of the filter container 2, which not only facilitates locking the position of the air extraction fan 3, but also facilitates blocking the air outlet 202. A baffle 4 is arranged on the left side of the air extraction fan 3, which extends obliquely in the left-up direction, and the bottom is hingedly connected to the base frame 1 during installation, and the hinge point coincides with the hinge point of the air extraction fan 3 on the base frame 1, and the right side wall top of the baffle 4 can be stop-fitted with the left side wall bottom of the filter container 2 during rotation, so as to block the second area.

[0048] A resilient member is connected between the air suction fan 3 and the baffle 4, and under the action of the resilient member, the air suction fan 3 and the baffle 4 have a tendency to approach each other, so that when the air suction fan 3 rotates, the baffle 4 can be driven to rotate in the same direction by the resilient member, and then the top end of the baffle 4 can form a stop cooperation with the bottom of the left side wall of the filter container 2, so as to facilitate the plugging of the second area. The resilient member can be a tension spring 5, and under the action of the tension spring 5, the baffle 4 and the air suction fan 3 form a V-shaped structure with variable angle, and the flared end of the V-shaped structure is arranged upward. The right side of the air suction fan 3 is provided with a sealing cover 6, which is a flexible shell structure, and an opening is arranged on the left side wall of the sealing cover 6. The outer edges of the opening are coincident with and fixedly connected with the bottom of the right side wall of the filter container 2, the top of the right side wall of the air suction fan 3 and the long side of the base frame 1 at the junction of the first area and the second area.

[0049] As shown in the initial state, the air suction fan 3 and the filter container 2 are located on the same vertical line, at this time, the air suction fan 3 is in the first position, and the top and the bottom of the filter container 2 form a friction fit, and the air outlet 202 is blocked. Figure 3

[0050] In use, when the air in the enclosed space can be directly discharged, the air suction fan 3 is started, and the air suction fan 3 directly discharges the air in the enclosed space into the external environment along the direction of the arrow shown in the figure, to ensure the ventilation efficiency. Figure 3

[0051] When the air in the enclosed space cannot be directly discharged, the air suction fan 3 is manually driven to rotate to the right side around the bottom hinge point. When the air suction fan 3 rotates, on the one hand, the tension spring 5 is simultaneously stretched, and then the baffle 4 is driven to rotate to the right side around the bottom hinge point, the air outlet 202 is opened, and until the top of the right side wall of the baffle 4 and the bottom of the left side wall of the filter container 2 form a stop cooperation, at this time, the baffle 4 blocks the second area; on the other hand, the sealing cover 6 is simultaneously expanded; after the baffle 4 and the filter container 2 form the stop cooperation, the air suction fan 3 is released, and the tension spring 5 continues to stretch until the air suction fan 3 stops moving, as shown in the figure, at this time, the air suction fan 3 is in the second position, and the sealing cavity 7 is formed between the sealing cover 6, the air suction fan 3, the base frame 1, the filter container 2 and the baffle 4, and the sealing cavity 7 is simultaneously communicated with the air outlet 202 and the external environment. Figure 8 Figure 8 Then the air suction fan 3 is started, and the air suction fan 3 drives the air in the enclosed space to move along the direction of the arrow in the figure: first filtered through the first filter screen 201, then enters the filter container 2, then enters the sealing cavity 7 through the air outlet 202, and then passes through the air suction fan 3 and is discharged into the external environment.

[0052] ​​​Therefore, according to the structure design and operation mechanism of the air purification device for closed space construction, it can be determined whether the first filter screen 201 is used according to the air pollution in the closed space, thereby realizing the dual goals of reducing the blockage probability and ensuring the purification effect:

[0053] From the perspective of reducing the blockage probability of the first filter screen 201, by switching the position of the air suction fan 3, two airflow paths for filtering and direct discharge are constructed to adapt to different pollution scenarios. When the air pollution concentration in the closed space is low and meets the direct discharge condition, the air suction fan 3 can remain in the first position - at this time, the air suction fan 3 blocks the air outlet 202, and the air in the closed space does not need to pass through the first filter screen 201, but is directly discharged into the outside through the air suction fan 3. In this process, the first filter screen 201 is completely separated from the airflow channel, avoiding unnecessary contact between dust, debris and other pollutants in the air and the filter material, reducing the accumulation of pollutants in the filter material pores from the source, and naturally reducing the risk of blockage caused by continuous filtering.

[0054] From the perspective of ensuring the air purification effect in the closed space, the structure design of the device ensures the precise intervention of the filtering function in the pollution scenario. When the air pollution concentration in the closed space increases and needs to be purified before discharge, the air suction fan 3 can be rotated to the second position - at this time, the baffle 4 blocks the second area, the air outlet 202 is opened, and the sealing cover 6, the air suction fan 3, the base frame 1 and other components form a sealed cavity 7, which is connected to the filter container 2 and the outside environment. In this state, the polluted air in the closed space will be forced to flow through the first filter screen 201 under the negative pressure drive of the air suction fan 3: the first filter screen 201 traps solid pollutants through the pores, achieving air purification, and the purified air is then discharged into the outside through the sealed cavity 7 and the air suction fan 3. At the same time, the sealing property of the sealed cavity 7 avoids the unfiltered polluted air bypassing the first filter screen 201 and being directly discharged, ensuring that there is no omission in the purification process; and the continuous power of the air suction fan 3 ensures stable airflow, maintaining the air renewal efficiency in the closed space and ensuring that the purified air can be discharged in time, always controlling the air quality in the space within a safe range.

[0055] This operation logic of activating the first filter screen 201 on demand essentially realizes the dynamic matching of the filtering function and the actual pollution load - neither excessive filtering causes invalid consumption and blockage of the first filter screen 201, nor lack of filtering causes direct discharge of polluted air, ultimately prolonging the service life of the first filter screen 201 and improving the overall operation reliability of the device under the premise of ensuring the safety of the construction personnel's breathing.

[0056] It can be understood that the impurity content of the air in the closed space can be monitored by dust concentration detectors, PM2.5 / PM10 monitors and other equipment to facilitate the judgment of whether the air in the closed space can be directly discharged.

[0057] In further embodiments, when the air in the enclosed space cannot be directly discharged, the first filter screen 201 will continue to filter the air in the enclosed space, which will soon be blocked, thereby affecting the purification effect of the air in the enclosed space.

[0058] Therefore, in the air purification device for enclosed space construction provided by the embodiments of the present application, the gap is arranged on the plate surface of the baffle 4 and penetrates the bottom of the baffle 4; the auxiliary filtering part 301 is arranged on the left side of the exhaust fan 3, the auxiliary filtering part 301 has a bottom plate 3011, when the exhaust fan 3 is in the first position, the bottom plate 3011 extends in the left-up direction and is arranged in the gap, thereby facilitating the blocking of the gap, the bottom of the bottom plate 3011 is fixedly connected with the bottom of the exhaust fan 3 and forms a V-shaped structure with the exhaust fan 3; two side plates 3012 are vertically and fixedly arranged on the plate surface of the bottom plate 3011, the two side plates 3012 are arranged in the front-back direction and extend in the left-up direction and are parallel to the extension direction of the bottom plate 3011, a top plate 3013 is arranged on the top of the two side plates 3012, the top plate 3013 is parallel to the bottom plate 3011, a channel is formed between the top plate 3013, the bottom plate 3011 and the two side plates 3012, the channel extends in the right-down direction, a plurality of guide plates 3014 are arranged in the channel and are parallel to each other, the guide plates 3014 extend in the right-up direction, the guide plates 3014 are divided into two groups, the two groups are arranged alternately, one group of the guide plates 3014 is fixedly connected with the bottom plate 3011 and the two side plates 3012 and is arranged in the top plate 3013, and the other group of the guide plates 3014 is fixedly connected with the top plate 3013 and the two side plates 3012 and is arranged in the bottom plate 3011, under the guidance of the guide plates 3014, an S-shaped filtering flow channel 3015 is formed in the auxiliary filtering part 301.

[0059] When the exhaust fan 3 is in the first position, in order to ensure that the bottom plate 3011 can be kept in the position of blocking the gap and avoid connecting the enclosed space with the filtering flow channel 3015 and the sealing cavity 7, a compression spring 402 is arranged on the baffle 4 and extends in the left-up direction and is parallel to the extension direction of the baffle 4, a clamping piece 401 is arranged on one end of the compression spring 402 close to the bottom plate 3011, the clamping piece 401 can be in a columnar structure or a spherical structure and is embedded in the bottom plate 3011 during installation, thereby facilitating the locking of the position of the bottom plate 3011; when the clamping piece 401 is in a columnar structure, the clamping piece 401 is perpendicular to the extension direction of the baffle 4, thereby avoiding interference.

[0060] During use, when the first filter screen 201 is blocked, under the suction of the suction fan 3, the sealed cavity 7 is sucked into negative pressure, and under the action of the pressure difference, the auxiliary filtering part 301 is driven by the suction fan 3 to rotate to the left until the closed space is connected through the filtering flow channel 3015 and the sealed cavity 7, as shown in FIG. 7, at this time, the suction fan 3 is in the third position, and then the suction fan 3 is started. The suction fan 3 drives the air in the closed space to move in the direction of the arrow in FIG. 7: first, after being filtered through the filtering flow channel 3015, the air enters the sealed cavity 7, and then passes through the suction fan 3 and is discharged into the external environment. Figure 11 Figure 11

[0061] When the air in the closed space flows in the filtering flow channel 3015, thanks to the S-shaped structure, from the perspective of the air flow path, the S-shaped structure makes the air unable to flow in a straight line in the filtering flow channel 3015 and needs to constantly change the flow direction to adapt to the bending trajectory of the filtering flow channel 3015. This continuous change in direction has a significant impact on the impurities in the airflow: on the one hand, for impurities with a large mass (such as dust particles, construction debris, etc.), their inertia is much larger than that of air molecules, and when the airflow is forced to turn due to the bending of the filtering flow channel 3015, the impurities are difficult to quickly follow the airflow to change the direction of motion and will continue to move in the original direction due to inertia, eventually colliding with the inner wall of the filtering flow channel 3015, achieving preliminary interception; on the other hand, for small impurities with a small mass, although they can initially turn with the airflow, in the continuously bending filtering flow channel 3015, the airflow will form a local vortex, and the centrifugal force generated by the vortex will throw the small impurities to the inner wall of the filtering flow channel 3015, further enhancing the interception effect.

[0062] At the same time, the S-shaped structure design prolongs the flow path and residence time of the air in the filtering flow channel 3015. Compared with a straight filtering flow channel 3015, the air needs a longer time to pass through the S-shaped filtering flow channel 3015, which provides more opportunities for impurities to contact and collide with the inner wall of the filtering flow channel 3015, reducing the probability of impurities directly passing through the filtering flow channel 3015 with the airflow. Thus, the air in the closed space can be filtered.

[0063] In further embodiments, when the suction fan 3 is in the third position, to improve the filtering effect of the air in the closed space, a second filtering structure is provided at the outlet of the filtering flow channel 3015, which can be a second filter screen. In this way, the second filter screen can achieve secondary filtration of the air flowing out of the filtering flow channel 3015, thereby improving the filtering effect of the air in the closed space.

[0064] In other embodiments, when the suction fan 3 is in the first position, to ensure that the bottom plate 3011 can remain in the position of the blocked gap, the top end of the bottom plate 3011 can also be arranged in frictional contact with the baffle 4. ​​

[0065] In some other embodiments, in order to ensure the uniformity of the tension force of the tension spring 5 on the baffle 4 and the exhaust fan 3, the number of the tension spring 5 is set to be multiple, and the multiple tension springs 5 are divided into two groups, and the two groups are symmetrically arranged with respect to the baffle 4.

[0066] Exemplarily, the number of the tension spring 5 can be set to two.

[0067] The technical features of the above embodiments can be combined in any manner. In order to make the description concise, all possible combinations of the technical features in the above embodiments are not described, however, as long as the combinations of the technical features do not exist contradictions, they should be considered as the scope of the present disclosure.

[0068] The above embodiments only express several implementation manners of the present application, and the description is relatively specific and detailed, but it should not be understood as a limitation on the scope of the present application. It should be pointed out that, for those skilled in the art, several modifications and improvements can be made without departing from the concept of the present application, and these all belong to the protection scope of the present application.

Claims

1. An air purification device for use in the construction of an enclosed space, characterized in that, The air purification device for closed space construction comprises a base frame, which is arranged at the communication between the closed space and the external environment during installation; the base frame is internally divided into a first region and a second region; a filter container is sealed in the first region; a first filter structure is arranged on the side of the filter container facing the closed space, and the first filter structure is configured to filter the air in the closed space; an air outlet is arranged on the side of the filter container facing the second region, and the air outlet is in communication with the inside of the filter container; an air extraction member is arranged in the second region, and the air extraction member is configured to extract the air in the closed space into the external environment and is hingedly connected to the base frame; a baffle is arranged on the side of the air extraction member facing the closed space, the baffle is hingedly connected to the base frame, the hinging points of the baffle and the air extraction member coincide on the base frame, and the baffle is configured to seal the second region and the air outlet; an elastic member is connected between the air extraction member and the baffle, and the air extraction member and the baffle have a tendency to move close to each other under the action of the elastic member; a sealing cover is arranged on the side of the air extraction member facing the external environment, and the sealing cover is connected between the air extraction member, the base frame and the filter container; the air extraction member has corresponding first and second positions before and after rotation, when in the first position, the air extraction member seals the air outlet, and the air in the closed space is discharged into the external environment through the air extraction member; when in the second position, the baffle seals the second region, the air outlet is opened, and a sealing cavity is formed between the sealing cover, the air extraction member, the base frame, the filter container and the baffle, and the sealing cavity is in communication with the air outlet and the external environment at the same time.

2. The air purification device for enclosed space construction according to claim 1, wherein A notch is formed in the baffle; an auxiliary filter part is arranged on the air extraction member, the auxiliary filter part seals the notch, and a filter flow channel is arranged in the auxiliary filter part; after the first filter structure is blocked, the air extraction member has corresponding second and third positions before and after rotation, when in the third position, the auxiliary filter part and the baffle are arranged in a staggered manner, and the sealing cavity is in communication with the closed space through the filter flow channel.

3. The air purification device for enclosed space construction according to claim 2, wherein The filter flow channel is S-shaped.

4. The air purification device for enclosed space construction according to claim 3, wherein A second filter structure is arranged at the end of the filter flow channel, and the second filter structure is configured to filter the air in the closed space.

5. The air purification device for enclosed space construction according to claim 4, wherein The second filter structure is a second filter screen.

6. The air purification device for enclosed space construction according to claim 2, wherein A clamping member is arranged on the baffle, the clamping member can elastically slide along the extension direction of the baffle, and the clamping member can be embedded in the auxiliary filter part to make the auxiliary filter part and the baffle arranged in a flush manner.

7. The air purification device for enclosed space construction according to claim 1, wherein The elastic member is a tension spring.

8. The air purification device for enclosed space construction according to claim 7, wherein There are a plurality of tension springs, and the plurality of tension springs are divided into two groups, and the two groups are symmetrically arranged about the baffle.

9. The air purification device for enclosed space construction according to claim 1, wherein The first filter structure is a first filter screen.

10. The air purification device for enclosed space construction according to claim 1, wherein The air extraction member is an air extraction fan, the air extraction end of the air extraction fan is in communication with the closed space, and the air exhaust end is in communication with the external environment.

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