Multi-stage parallel flow channel heat exchanger and dilution refrigerator

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of extremely low temperature refrigeration, and provides a multi-stage parallel flow channel heat exchanger which comprises an outer barrel and an inner barrel which are connected in a sleeving mode and share the same center shaft. A containing cavity is formed between the outer barrel and the inner barrel, and the two ends of the containing cavity are each provided with an end cover; two spiral guide plates which are arranged around the central shaft and have the same rotating direction are also arranged in the accommodating cavity; a runner is formed between the two guide plates; n partition plates which are the same as the flow channels in spiral direction are arranged in each flow channel; and the flow channel is divided into N + 1 parallel sub-flow channels by the N partition plates. In this way, the two spiral flow channels are formed in the containing cavity, and the partition plates are arranged in each flow channel to form the multiple sub-flow channels. Parallel flow heat exchange, multi-stage heat exchange or multi-heat-exchange-surface cross heat exchange of multiple media can be achieved. The heat exchange efficiency and the heat exchange effect are improved, and the method can be applied to various scenes. The invention further provides a dilution refrigerator.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application belongs to the field of cryogenic refrigeration technology, and particularly relates to a multi-stage parallel flow channel heat exchanger and a dilution refrigerator. BACKGROUND

[0002] For the core component of the dilution refrigerator, the powder sintered heat exchanger, in the extremely low temperature environment, the thermal resistance between the liquid and the solid surface will be exponentially increased by the Kapitza thermal resistance, thereby seriously affecting the heat exchange effect.

[0003] Therefore, a specific metal powder is usually sintered on the heat exchanger partition plate to increase the heat exchange area, so as to achieve good heat exchange effect. However, in order to obtain extremely low temperature, it is necessary to continuously increase the heat exchange area and flow distance of the powder sintered heat exchanger. The heat exchanger in the current dilution refrigerator is limited in installation space, which limits the increase of the heat exchange area and medium flow distance, and also greatly limits the heat exchange effect.

[0004] Therefore, the prior art has obvious inconvenience and defects in actual use, and needs to be improved. SUMMARY

[0005] In view of the above defects, the present application mainly provides a multi-stage parallel flow channel heat exchanger to solve the technical problem of greatly improving the heat exchange effect in a limited space.

[0006] In order to solve the above problems, the present application provides a multi-stage parallel flow channel heat exchanger, which comprises an outer cylinder and an inner cylinder which are mutually sleeved and have a common central axis; a containing cavity is formed between the outer cylinder and the inner cylinder, and one end cover is arranged at each end of the containing cavity;

[0007] Two spiral guide plates which are arranged around the central axis and have the same rotation direction are further arranged in the containing cavity; the inner rotation edge of the guide plate is attached to the outer side surface of the inner cylinder, and the outer rotation edge of the guide plate is attached to the inner side surface of the outer cylinder; a flow channel is formed between the upper surface of each guide plate and the lower surface of the other guide plate, and two flow channels are formed in the containing cavity; a flow channel port is formed at the part where the flow channel intersects with the corresponding end cover;

[0008] N separation plates which have the same spiral direction as the flow channel are arranged in each flow channel; the N separation plates divide the flow channel into N+1 parallel sub-flow channels; a sub-flow channel port is formed at the part where each sub-flow channel intersects with the corresponding end cover.

[0009] According to the multi-stage parallel flow channel heat exchanger of the present application, the same first medium is introduced into each sub-flow channel of one of the two flow channels, and the same second medium is introduced into each sub-flow channel of the other flow channel.

[0010] The number of the partition plates in each flow channel is 2, 3 or 4.

[0011] The number of the partition plates in each flow channel is 1, and two sub-flow channels are formed in each flow channel.

[0012] The two sub-flow channel openings on the same side of each flow channel are connected through a transition pipe.

[0013] The two sub-flow channel openings on the same side of each flow channel are connected through a transition hole formed on the partition plate.

[0014] The number of the partition plates in each flow channel is 1, and two sub-flow channels are formed in each flow channel.

[0015] The two sub-flow channel openings of the outer sub-flow channel of one flow channel are connected with the first medium pipe, and the two sub-flow channel openings of the inner sub-flow channel are connected with the second medium pipe.

[0016] The upper and lower surfaces of the flow guide plate and the two side surfaces of the partition plate are formed with a heat exchange coating.

[0017] The heat exchange coating is a nano metal powder sintering layer.

[0018] A dilution refrigerator has the multi-stage parallel flow channel heat exchanger.

[0019] In summary, the multi-stage parallel flow channel heat exchanger can realize multi-medium parallel flow heat exchange, multi-stage heat exchange or multi-heat exchange surface cross heat exchange, improve heat exchange efficiency and heat exchange effect, and can be applied to various scenes. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0020] Figure 1 is an exploded structural schematic diagram of an embodiment of the multi-stage parallel flow channel heat exchanger of the present application;

[0021] Figure 2is a flow channel structure schematic diagram of a multi-stage parallel flow channel heat exchanger of the present application;

[0022] Figure 3 is a cross-sectional structure schematic diagram of an embodiment of the present application; Figure 1

[0023] Figure 4 is an internal structure schematic diagram of a multi-stage parallel flow channel heat exchanger of the present application;

[0024] Figure 5 is a structure schematic diagram of an embodiment of a multi-stage parallel flow channel heat exchanger of the present application;

[0025] Figure 6 is a cross-sectional structure schematic diagram of an embodiment of the present application; Figure 5

[0026] In the figure: 1-outer cylinder, 11-inner cylinder, 12-end cover, 13-first medium pipe, 14-second medium pipe, 15-transition pipe, 16-transition hole; 2-flow guide plate, 21-inner spiral edge, 22-outer spiral edge; 3-separation plate. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0027] Referring to Figure 1 , the present application provides a multi-stage parallel flow channel heat exchanger, comprising an outer cylinder 1 and an inner cylinder 11 which are mutually sleeved and have a common central axis; a containing cavity is formed between the outer cylinder 1 and the inner cylinder 11, and one end cover 12 is arranged at each end of the containing cavity;

[0028] Two spiral flow guide plates 2 which are arranged around the central axis and have the same rotation direction are further arranged in the containing cavity; the inner spiral edge 21 of the flow guide plate 2 is attached to the outer side surface of the inner cylinder 11, and the outer spiral edge 22 of the flow guide plate 2 is attached to the inner side surface of the outer cylinder 1; the upper surface of each flow guide plate 2 and the lower surface of another flow guide plate 2 form a flow channel, and two flow channels are formed in the containing cavity; the part where the flow channel intersects with the corresponding end cover 12 forms a flow channel port;

[0029] In combination Figure 2 , N separation plates 3 which have the same spiral direction as the flow channel are arranged in each flow channel; the N separation plates 3 divide the flow channel into N+1 parallel sub-flow channels; the part where each sub-flow channel intersects with the corresponding end cover 12 forms a sub-flow channel port;

[0030] As an embodiment, the flow guide plate 2 is coiled around the central axis by 360°, and the generated pitch in the direction of the central axis is d; the pitches d of the two flow guide plates 2 are equal; the thickness of each flow channel is h; h=d / 2;

[0031] Referring to Figures 2-6 ​​In order to facilitate the description of the working principle of the present application, a single arrow in the figure indicates the flow direction of the first medium, and a double arrow indicates the flow direction of the second medium; the upper and lower sides of each flow channel are another flow channel, and the two flow channels can realize heat exchange, thereby increasing the contact area of heat exchange.

[0032] Optionally, the heat exchanger of the present application can be used for dilution refrigeration, for example, the first flow channel is connected with the concentrated phase medium, and the second flow channel is connected with the dilute phase medium.

[0033] As an embodiment, the same first medium flows in each sub-flow channel of one of the two flow channels, and the same second medium flows in each sub-flow channel of the other flow channel.

[0034] The number of the partition plates 3 in each flow channel of the present application is the same, and multiple parallel flows of the medium in each flow channel ensure the heat exchange effect while improving the flow speed of the medium and the efficiency of the heat exchange process.

[0035] Preferably, the number of the partition plates 3 in each flow channel of the present application is 2, 3 or 4; and 3-5 parallel flows of the medium in each flow channel. Through one heat exchanger, multiple flows of the medium can be simultaneously subjected to heat exchange treatment, thereby improving the processing efficiency.

[0036] Referring to Figure 3 As an embodiment, the number of the partition plates 3 in each flow channel is 1, and two sub-flow channels are formed in each flow channel; the two sub-flow channel openings on the same side of each flow channel are connected; the two unconnected sub-flow channel openings of one flow channel are respectively connected with a first medium pipe 13, and the two unconnected sub-flow channel openings of the other flow channel are respectively connected with a second medium pipe 14.

[0037] The two sub-flow channels of each flow channel are connected in series, and the medium flows through the two sub-flow channels in sequence, thereby realizing two-stage heat exchange.

[0038] As an embodiment, the two sub-flow channel openings on the same side of each flow channel are connected through a transition pipe 15.

[0039] Referring to Figure 4 As an embodiment, the two sub-flow channel openings on the same side of each flow channel are connected through a transition hole 16 formed on the partition plate 3.

[0040] Referring to Figure 5 and Figure 6 As an embodiment, the number of the partition plates 3 in each flow channel is 1, and two sub-flow channels are formed in each flow channel.

[0041] The two sub-flow channel openings of the outer sub-flow channel of one flow channel are connected with the first medium pipe 13 respectively, and the two sub-flow channel openings of the inner sub-flow channel are connected with the second medium pipe 14 respectively; the two sub-flow channel openings of the outer sub-flow channel of the other flow channel are connected with the second medium pipe 14 respectively, and the two sub-flow channel openings of the inner sub-flow channel are connected with the first medium pipe 13 respectively.

[0042] The medium in each sub-flow channel can exchange heat with the medium in the upper and lower sub-flow channels; meanwhile, the medium in the two parallel sub-flow channels in each flow channel is different, and heat exchange is realized through the separation plate 3; the number of heat exchange contact surfaces is increased, and the heat exchange efficiency is improved.

[0043] As an embodiment, a heat exchange coating is formed on the upper and lower surfaces of the flow guide plate 2 and the two side surfaces of the separation plate 2;

[0044] Further, the heat exchange coating is a metal powder sintering layer, which utilizes the micro-porous structure in the metal powder sintering material to generate a large contact heat exchange area and improve the heat exchange effect.

[0045] Better, the metal powder sintering layer is formed by nano metal powder, which has a large specific surface area and increases the heat exchange area. Preferably, the nano metal powder is silver powder, which has good thermal conductivity and high heat exchange efficiency.

[0046] The multi-stage parallel flow channel heat exchanger of the application can realize multi-stream medium parallel flow heat exchange, multi-stage heat exchange or multi-heat exchange surface cross heat exchange by arranging two spiral flow channels in the containing cavity and arranging a separation plate in each flow channel to form multiple sub-flow channels. The heat exchange efficiency and effect are improved, and the application can be applied to various scenes.

[0047] The application further provides a dilution refrigerator with the multi-stage parallel flow channel heat exchanger.

[0048] In summary, the application provides a multi-stage parallel flow channel heat exchanger, which can realize multi-stream medium parallel flow heat exchange, multi-stage heat exchange or multi-heat exchange surface cross heat exchange by arranging two spiral flow channels in the containing cavity and arranging a separation plate in each flow channel to form multiple sub-flow channels. The heat exchange efficiency and effect are improved, and the application can be applied to various scenes. The application further provides a dilution refrigerator with the multi-stage parallel flow channel heat exchanger.

[0049] Of course, the application can have other various embodiments, and those skilled in the art can make various corresponding changes and modifications according to the application without departing from the spirit and essence of the application. However, these corresponding changes and modifications should all belong to the protection scope of the claims attached to the application.

Claims

1. A multi-stage parallel flow channel heat exchanger, characterized in that, It includes an outer cylinder and an inner cylinder that are nested together and have a common central axis; a receiving cavity is formed between the outer cylinder and the inner cylinder, and an end cap is provided at each end of the receiving cavity; The receiving cavity is also provided with two spiral guide plates arranged around the central axis and rotating in the same direction; the inner spiral edge of the guide plate is attached to the outer side of the inner cylinder, and the outer spiral edge of the guide plate is attached to the inner side of the outer cylinder; a flow channel is formed between the upper surface of each guide plate and the lower surface of the other guide plate, and two flow channels are formed in the receiving cavity; the part where the flow channel intersects with the end cap on the corresponding side forms a flow channel opening; Each flow channel is provided with N partition plates that have the same spiral direction as the flow channel; the N partition plates divide the flow channel into N+1 parallel sub-flow channels; the part where each sub-flow channel intersects with the end cap on the corresponding side forms a flow channel opening.

2. The multi-stage parallel flow channel heat exchanger as described in claim 1, characterized in that, In one of the two flow channels, each sub-flow channel is supplied with a first medium flowing in the same direction, and in the other flow channel, each sub-flow channel is supplied with a second medium flowing in the same direction.

3. The multi-stage parallel flow channel heat exchanger as described in claim 2, characterized in that, The number of partition plates in each of the aforementioned channels is 2, 3, or 4.

4. The multi-stage parallel flow channel heat exchanger as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The number of partition plates in each flow channel is 1, and two sub-flow channels are formed in each flow channel; the two sub-flow channel openings on the same side of each flow channel are connected; the two unconnected sub-flow channel openings of one flow channel are respectively connected to a first medium pipe, and the two unconnected sub-flow channel openings of the other flow channel are respectively connected to a second medium pipe.

5. The multi-stage parallel flow channel heat exchanger as described in claim 4, characterized in that, The two sub-channel openings on the same side of each flow channel are connected by a transition pipe.

6. The multi-stage parallel flow channel heat exchanger as described in claim 4, characterized in that, The two sub-channel openings on the same side of each of the aforementioned channels are connected by a transition hole opened on the partition plate.

7. The multi-stage parallel flow channel heat exchanger as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The number of partition plates in each flow channel is 1, and each flow channel forms two sub-flow channels; One flow channel has two sub-flow channel openings on its outer side connected to the first medium pipe, and two sub-flow channel openings on its inner side connected to the second medium pipe; the other flow channel has two sub-flow channel openings on its outer side connected to the second medium pipe, and two sub-flow channel openings on its inner side connected to the first medium pipe.

8. The multi-stage parallel flow channel heat exchanger as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The upper and lower surfaces of the guide plate and the two sides of the partition plate are all coated with heat exchange coating.

9. The multi-stage parallel flow channel heat exchanger as described in claim 8, characterized in that, The heat exchange coating is a sintered layer of nano-metal powder.

10. A dilution refrigeration machine, characterized in that, It has a multi-stage parallel flow channel heat exchanger as described in any one of claims 1 to 9.

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