Precise measurement method for real installation depth of knuckle bearing

Abstract

The invention discloses a method for accurately measuring the real installation depth of a knuckle bearing, and the method comprises the steps: collecting the position data of an upper surface point of a knuckle bearing support body, and carrying out the plane fitting to obtain a plane parameter; acquiring surface point position data of the inner ring end face of the knuckle bearing in different rotating states for multiple times, and performing plane fitting according to acquisition batches to obtain normal vectors of the inner ring end face of the knuckle bearing in each batch; establishing an optimization function taking the spherical center coordinates of the knuckle bearing as parameters, and solving the center point coordinates of the inner ring of the knuckle bearing by using a nonlinear optimization method; calculating the distance from the spherical center of the knuckle bearing to the upper surface of the knuckle bearing support body to obtain the actual installation depth value of the knuckle bearing; the method can solve the problems that the precision of real-installation depth measurement of the knuckle bearing is low, the consistency of measurement results is poor, and the measurement process cannot be used in a complex assembly environment and a narrow space.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the technical field of spherical plain bearing assembly, and specifically relates to a method for accurately measuring the actual installation depth of spherical plain bearings. Background Technology

[0002] Spherical plain bearings are a special type of sliding bearing used to achieve relative rotational or oscillating motion between two components. The actual installation depth of spherical plain bearings is crucial to their performance; inaccurate installation depth can lead to uneven stress distribution within the bearing, impaired movement, accelerated wear, and even equipment failure.

[0003] Measuring the actual mounting depth of spherical plain bearings typically involves calipers or depth gauges, a process that relies on manual operation. The measurement results are susceptible to human error and cannot meet high-precision requirements. Furthermore, using contact measuring tools presents challenges in operation and makes them unsuitable for confined spaces or complex assembly environments.

[0004] Therefore, in view of the above-mentioned problems in the existing technology for measuring the actual installation depth of spherical bearings, the present invention discloses a method for accurately measuring the actual installation depth of spherical bearings. Summary of the Invention

[0005] This invention discloses a method for accurately measuring the actual mounting depth of spherical plain bearings, which can solve the problems of low measurement accuracy, poor consistency of measurement results, and inability to use the measurement process in complex assembly environments and confined spaces.

[0006] This invention is achieved through the following technical solution:

[0007] A method for accurately measuring the actual mounting depth of a spherical plain bearing involves: collecting position data of points on the upper surface of the bearing support and performing plane fitting to obtain plane parameters; repeatedly collecting surface point position data of the inner ring end face of the bearing under different rotational states and performing plane fitting according to the collection batches to obtain the normal vector of the inner ring end face of the bearing for each batch; establishing an optimization function with the coordinates of the bearing ball center as parameters and using a nonlinear optimization method to solve for the coordinates of the center point of the inner ring of the bearing; and calculating the distance from the center of the bearing ball to the upper surface of the bearing support to obtain the actual mounting depth value of the bearing.

[0008] To better realize the present invention, the following steps are further included:

[0009] Step 1: Collect point cloud data of the upper surface of the spherical bearing support, and perform plane fitting through the point cloud data to obtain the position parameter p0 of the upper surface of the spherical bearing support and the normal vector v0 of the upper surface of the support.

[0010] Step 2: Collect point cloud data of the inner ring end face of the spherical plain bearing under different rotation states, and perform planar fitting sequentially according to the batch of point cloud data collected from the inner ring end face of the spherical plain bearing.

[0011] Step 3: Calculate the normal vector of the end face of the inner ring of the spherical plain bearing under different rotational states;

[0012] Step 4: With the constraint that the distance from the inner ring end face of the spherical plain bearing to the center of the spherical plain bearing remains constant, establish an objective function with the coordinates of the center of the spherical plain bearing as parameters;

[0013] Step 5: Based on the objective function, use a nonlinear optimization method to solve for the coordinates of the ball center of the spherical bearing;

[0014] Step 6: Calculate the distance between the center of the spherical plain bearing ball and the upper surface of the spherical plain bearing support to obtain the actual mounting depth value of the spherical plain bearing.

[0015] To better realize the present invention, the objective function is further defined as follows:

[0016]

[0017] Where: F(x, h) represents the objective function; pij represents the coordinates of the j-th point on the inner ring end face in the i-th rotation state; x represents the coordinates of the ball center of the spherical bearing; h represents the normal distance from the inner ring end face of the spherical bearing to the ball center; vi represents the normal vector of the inner ring end face.

[0018] To better realize the present invention, the formula for calculating the actual installation depth value is: H=(p0-x)·v0-h;

[0019] Where: H represents the actual mounting depth; p0 represents the position of the upper surface of the spherical plain bearing support; x represents the coordinates of the center of the spherical plain bearing ball; v0 represents the normal vector of the upper surface of the support; and h represents the normal distance from the inner ring end face of the spherical plain bearing to the center of the ball.

[0020] To better realize the present invention, in step 2, the point cloud data of the inner ring end face is collected in batches greater than or equal to 10 times.

[0021] To better realize the present invention, further, taking the horizontal state of the inner ring end face as the initial batch of acquisition, the inner ring end face is rotated in the counterclockwise and clockwise directions respectively relative to the initial state to acquire point cloud data for the remaining batches.

[0022] To better realize the present invention, the difference in the inclination angle of the inner ring end face of two adjacent batches relative to the horizontal plane is greater than or equal to 5°.

[0023] To better realize the present invention, point cloud data is further acquired using lidar.

[0024] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following advantages and beneficial effects:

[0025] This invention fits the ball center position of the spherical plain bearing with the surface point position data of the inner ring end face of the spherical plain bearing collected multiple times. This not only avoids the influence of different rotation states of the inner ring of the spherical plain bearing on the ball center position, but also improves the accuracy of the ball center position calculation results. It improves the measurement accuracy of the actual installation depth of the spherical plain bearing with non-contact digital means, and solves the problems of large errors, low accuracy and difficulty in use in complex assembly environments and confined spaces when using contact tools manually. Attached Figure Description

[0026] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the process steps of the present invention;

[0027] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a spherical bearing;

[0028] Figure 3 A schematic diagram of the point cloud on the upper surface of the support;

[0029] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram showing the normal distance between the inner end face and the center of the ball. Detailed Implementation

[0030] Example 1:

[0031] This embodiment of a method for accurately measuring the actual mounting depth of a spherical plain bearing involves: collecting position data of points on the upper surface of the spherical plain bearing support and performing plane fitting to obtain plane parameters; repeatedly collecting surface point position data of the inner ring end face of the spherical plain bearing under different rotation states and performing plane fitting according to the collection batches to obtain the normal vector of the inner ring end face of the spherical plain bearing for each batch; establishing an optimization function with the coordinates of the spherical plain bearing ball center as parameters and using a nonlinear optimization method to solve for the coordinates of the center point of the inner ring of the spherical plain bearing; and calculating the distance from the center of the spherical plain bearing ball to the upper surface of the spherical plain bearing support to obtain the actual mounting depth value of the spherical plain bearing.

[0032] like Figure 1 As shown, the specific steps include:

[0033] Step 1: Set up the lidar and ensure it can obtain such... Figure 2 , Figure 3 The point cloud data of the upper surface of the spherical bearing support and the point cloud data of the inner ring end face of the spherical bearing are obtained by collecting the point cloud data. The position parameter p0 of the upper surface of the spherical bearing support and the normal vector v0 of the upper surface of the support are obtained by performing plane fitting on the point cloud data.

[0034] Step 2: Collect point cloud data of the inner ring end face of the spherical plain bearing under different rotation states, and perform planar fitting sequentially according to the batch of point cloud data collected from the inner ring end face of the spherical plain bearing.

[0035] Step 3: Calculate the normal vector of the end face of the inner ring of the spherical plain bearing under different rotational states;

[0036] Step 4: With the constraint that the distance from the inner ring end face of the spherical plain bearing to the center of the spherical plain bearing remains constant, establish an objective function with the coordinates of the center of the spherical plain bearing as parameters;

[0037] Step 5: Based on the objective function, use a nonlinear optimization method to solve for the coordinates of the ball center of the spherical bearing;

[0038] Step 6, Calculate as follows Figure 4 The distance between the center of the spherical plain bearing ball and the upper surface of the spherical plain bearing support is shown to obtain the actual mounting depth value of the spherical plain bearing.

[0039] The objective function is specifically:

[0040]

[0041] Where: F(x, h) represents the objective function; p ij Let represent the coordinates of the j-th point on the inner ring end face in the i-th rotational state; x represents the coordinates of the center of the spherical plain bearing ball; h represents the normal distance from the inner ring end face of the spherical plain bearing to the center of the ball; v i This represents the normal vector of the inner end face.

[0042] The formula for calculating the actual installation depth value is as follows:

[0043] H = (p0 - x) * v0 - h;

[0044] Where: H represents the actual mounting depth; p0 represents the position of the upper surface of the spherical plain bearing support; x represents the coordinates of the center of the spherical plain bearing ball; v0 represents the normal vector of the upper surface of the support; and h represents the normal distance from the inner ring end face of the spherical plain bearing to the center of the ball.

[0045] Furthermore, in step 2, the point cloud data of the inner ring end face is collected in batches of 10 or more.

[0046] Furthermore, taking the horizontal state of the inner ring end face as the initial batch of data acquisition, the inner ring end face is rotated counterclockwise and clockwise relative to the initial state to acquire point cloud data for the remaining batches.

[0047] Furthermore, the difference in the inclination angle of the inner end face of two adjacent batches relative to the horizontal plane is greater than or equal to 5°.

[0048] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention in any way. Any simple modifications or equivalent changes made to the above embodiments based on the technical essence of the present invention shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for accurately measuring the actual mounting depth of a spherical plain bearing, characterized in that, Position data of points on the upper surface of the spherical plain bearing support were collected, and plane fitting was performed to obtain plane parameters. Surface point position data of the inner ring end face of the spherical plain bearing under different rotational states were collected multiple times, and plane fitting was performed according to the collection batches to obtain the normal vector of the inner ring end face of the spherical plain bearing for each batch. An optimization function with the coordinates of the spherical plain bearing ball center as parameters was established, and a nonlinear optimization method was used to solve for the coordinates of the center point of the inner ring of the spherical plain bearing. The distance from the center of the spherical plain bearing ball to the upper surface of the spherical plain bearing support was calculated to obtain the actual mounting depth value of the spherical plain bearing.

2. The method for accurately measuring the actual mounting depth of a spherical plain bearing according to claim 1, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: Step 1: Collect point cloud data of the upper surface of the spherical bearing support, and perform plane fitting through the point cloud data to obtain the position parameters of the upper surface of the spherical bearing support and the normal vector of the upper surface of the support. Step 2: Collect point cloud data of the inner ring end face of the spherical plain bearing under different rotation states, and perform planar fitting sequentially according to the batch of point cloud data collected from the inner ring end face of the spherical plain bearing. Step 3: Calculate the normal vector of the end face of the inner ring of the spherical plain bearing under different rotational states; Step 4: With the constraint that the distance from the inner ring end face of the spherical plain bearing to the center of the spherical plain bearing remains constant, establish an objective function with the coordinates of the center of the spherical plain bearing as parameters; Step 5: Based on the objective function, use a nonlinear optimization method to solve for the coordinates of the ball center of the spherical bearing; Step 6: Calculate the distance from the center of the spherical plain bearing ball to the upper surface of the spherical plain bearing support to obtain the actual mounting depth value of the spherical plain bearing.

3. The method for accurately measuring the actual mounting depth of a spherical plain bearing according to claim 2, characterized in that, The objective function is specifically: Where: F(x, h) represents the objective function; p ij Let represent the coordinates of the j-th point on the inner ring end face in the i-th rotational state; x represents the coordinates of the center of the spherical plain bearing ball; h represents the normal distance from the inner ring end face of the spherical plain bearing to the center of the ball; v i This represents the normal vector of the inner end face.

4. The method for accurately measuring the actual mounting depth of a spherical plain bearing according to claim 3, characterized in that, The formula for calculating the actual installation depth value is as follows: H = (p0 - x) * v0 - h; Where: H represents the actual mounting depth; p0 represents the position of the upper surface of the spherical plain bearing support; x represents the coordinates of the center of the spherical plain bearing ball; v0 represents the normal vector of the upper surface of the support; and h represents the normal distance from the inner ring end face of the spherical plain bearing to the center of the ball.

5. The method for accurately measuring the actual mounting depth of a spherical plain bearing according to claim 4, characterized in that, In step 2, the point cloud data of the inner ring end face is collected in batches of 10 or more.

6. The method for accurately measuring the actual mounting depth of a spherical plain bearing according to claim 5, characterized in that, The initial batch of point cloud acquisition is taken with the inner ring end face in a horizontal state. The inner ring end face is rotated counterclockwise and clockwise relative to the initial state to acquire the point cloud for the remaining batches.

7. The method for accurately measuring the actual mounting depth of a spherical plain bearing according to claim 6, characterized in that, The difference in the inclination angle of the inner end face of two adjacent batches relative to the horizontal plane is greater than or equal to 5°.

8. The method for accurately measuring the actual mounting depth of a spherical plain bearing according to claim 7, characterized in that, Point cloud data is collected using lidar.

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