Nondestructive testing device and testing method

Abstract

The invention discloses a nondestructive testing device and a testing method, the nondestructive testing device comprises a base, a testing assembly and a driving assembly, the testing assembly comprises a support, a signal sending part and a signal receiving part, the support is movably connected to the base, the signal sending part and the signal receiving part are arranged at intervals, and the driving assembly is arranged on the base. The signal sending part and the signal receiving part are arranged opposite to the object to be detected and are movably connected to the support, the driving assembly comprises a first driving piece, and the first driving piece is connected to the base and the support and used for driving the support, the signal sending part and the signal receiving part to be close to or away from the object to be detected. The device can effectively solve the problem that in the detection process, the positions of the ultrasonic generator and the signal receiver in the detection device cannot be adjusted relative to the to-be-detected object, so that errors exist in the detection result.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of nondestructive testing equipment technology, specifically to a nondestructive testing device and testing method. Background Technology

[0002] In fields such as industrial production, equipment operation and maintenance, and engineering construction, non-destructive testing technology is a key means to ensure product quality and structural safety. It can effectively identify internal or surface defects without damaging the object being tested.

[0003] With the rapid development of modern industry, higher requirements have been placed on the portability, adaptability, and testing efficiency of non-destructive testing equipment. For example, Chinese utility model patent with publication number CN218726893U, entitled "A Portable Non-destructive Testing Equipment", includes a portable case. A support device is installed on the lower left and lower right sides of the portable case. A testing device is installed between the front inner wall and the rear inner wall of the portable case. A partition is installed on the upper right side of the portable case. A connecting frame is installed on the rear end and the rear right side of the portable case. A clamping device is installed on the rear ends of the two connecting frames. The portable non-destructive testing equipment described in this utility model facilitates the installation and disassembly of the pulse eddy current detector through the testing device. When carrying it, simply lift the portable case using the handle on the clamping device. At the same time, the spring shock absorber and rubber base can reduce the bumps and shaking experienced by the pulse eddy current detector. The support device keeps the lower end of the portable case a certain distance from the ground to prevent the equipment inside the case from being affected if the table or ground is wet or watery.

[0004] While existing portable non-destructive testing devices are small in size and can perform non-destructive testing on objects, the ultrasonic generator and signal receiver inside the device cannot be adjusted relative to the object under test during the testing process, which leads to errors in the test results. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of this invention is to overcome the above-mentioned technical deficiencies and propose a non-destructive testing device and testing method to solve the technical problem in the prior art where the ultrasonic generator and signal receiver in the testing device cannot be adjusted relative to the object under test during the testing process, resulting in errors in the testing results.

[0006] To achieve the above-mentioned technical objectives, the present invention adopts the following technical solution: In a first aspect, the present invention provides a non-destructive testing device, comprising: Base; A detection component includes a bracket, a signal transmitter, and a signal receiver. The bracket is movably connected to the base. The signal transmitter and signal receiver are spaced apart from each other and are both positioned opposite the object to be tested, and both are movably connected to the bracket. The driving component includes a first driving member connected to the base and the bracket, which is used to drive the bracket, the signal transmitting unit and the signal receiving unit to move closer to or away from the object under test.

[0007] In some embodiments, the driving assembly further includes at least one second driving member connected to the signal transmitting unit and the signal receiving unit, for driving the signal transmitting unit and the signal receiving unit to move closer or further apart from each other.

[0008] In some embodiments, the base has a first sliding groove, the first driving member includes a first slider, a first rack, a first meshing gear and a first rotating part, the first slider is connected to the bracket and slidably embedded in the first sliding groove, the first rack is connected to the first slider, the first meshing gear is rotatably embedded in the first sliding groove and meshes with the first rack, the first rotating part is rotatable relative to the base, and one end of the first rotating part is connected to the first meshing gear and the other end is externally placed on the base.

[0009] In some embodiments, the nondestructive testing device further includes a guide rail and two second sliders. The guide rail is connected to the bracket, and the two second sliders are spaced apart from each other and are slidably nested in the guide rail. The two second sliders are respectively connected to the signal transmitting unit or the signal receiving unit. The second driving member is arranged in a one-to-one correspondence with the second slider and is connected to the second slider for driving the second slider to slide relative to the guide rail.

[0010] In some embodiments, the nondestructive testing device further includes a clamping member, which includes a clamping block and a first fixing part. The clamping block has a through hole that allows the signal transmitting part or the signal receiving part to pass through. The first fixing part is slidably connected to the clamping block along the radial direction of the through hole and can abut against the signal transmitting part or the signal receiving part to prevent the signal transmitting part or the signal receiving part from sliding out of the through hole.

[0011] In some embodiments, the driving assembly further includes two third driving members, each having a fixed end and a rotating end. The fixed end of the third driving member is connected to the sliding block, and the rotating end is connected to the clamping block. The third driving member is used to drive the clamping block, the signal transmitting part, or the signal receiving part to rotate relative to the bracket, so as to adjust the tilt angle of the signal transmitting part or the signal receiving part relative to the object under test.

[0012] In some embodiments, the fixed end of the third driving member is detachably connected to the second slider.

[0013] In some embodiments, the bracket is located at the center of the guide rail, and the bracket has a receiving groove opposite to the object to be tested. The non-destructive testing device also includes a spatial noise reduction body, which is embedded in the receiving groove and detachably connected to the bracket.

[0014] In some embodiments, noise reduction grooves are formed on the opposite sides of the spatial noise reduction body. The bottom inner wall of the noise reduction groove has a plurality of first conical protrusions and a plurality of second conical protrusions formed relative to the signal transmitting part or the signal receiving part. The plurality of first conical protrusions and the plurality of second conical protrusions are evenly arranged along the bottom inner wall of the noise reduction groove. The volume of the first conical protrusion or the second conical protrusion gradually decreases in the direction away from the bottom inner wall of the noise reduction groove, and the volume of the second conical protrusion is greater than the volume of the first conical protrusion.

[0015] Secondly, the present invention also provides a non-destructive testing method, which utilizes the non-destructive testing device described above, and the specific steps are as follows: Parameter adjustment Adjust the distance between the signal transmitting unit and the surface of the object to be detected, as well as the tilt angle of the signal transmitting unit relative to the object surface; adjust the distance between the signal receiving unit and the surface of the object to be detected, as well as the tilt angle of the signal receiving unit relative to the object surface. Signal acquisition and processing, The signal transmitting unit emits ultrasonic signals, which are captured by the signal receiving unit after being reflected / transmitted by the object under test; Data analysis, The data captured by the signal receiving unit is analyzed and processed to generate a report on the internal defect parameters of the object being inspected.

[0016] Compared with existing technologies, the beneficial effects of the non-destructive testing device and method provided by the present invention include: a signal transmitting unit and a signal receiving unit are arranged at intervals to each other, respectively for generating and receiving ultrasonic signals; both the signal transmitting unit and the signal receiving unit are positioned relative to the object under test and are movably connected to a bracket; under the action of a first driving member, the bracket can drive the signal transmitting unit and the signal receiving unit to slide relative to the base, allowing the signal transmitting unit and the signal receiving unit to move closer to or further away from the object under test. Compared with existing technologies, connecting the signal transmitting unit and the signal receiving unit to transmit and receive ultrasonic signals via a base and a bracket achieves a lightweight and portable function. Simultaneously, utilizing the first driving member to move the bracket relative to the base allows the signal transmitting unit and the signal receiving unit to adjust their distance from the object under test, thereby achieving position adjustment and calibration of the testing device relative to the object under test. This improves the accuracy of the test and solves the technical problem in existing technologies where the ultrasonic generator and signal receiver within the testing device cannot adjust their positions relative to the object under test during the testing process, resulting in errors in the test results. Attached Figure Description

[0017] Figure 1 This is a three-dimensional diagram of a non-destructive testing device provided in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a three-dimensional view of a non-destructive testing device provided in one embodiment of the present invention; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the connection between the first driving member and the bracket according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram showing the connection between the guide rail, the second slider, the second drive member, and the bracket according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram showing the connection between the third driving member, the second slider, and the clamping member according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 6 is a diagram showing the filtering, noise reduction, and amplification effects of a conventional sensor detected by the device of the present invention according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 7 is a comparison diagram of the signal waveforms received by the device of the present invention and a conventional sensor according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 8 is a comparison diagram of the detection of defects in wooden boards using the device of the present invention according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0018] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached figures: Base 100; Detection component 200; Bracket 210; Signal transmitting unit 220; Signal receiving unit 230; Drive component 300; First drive member 310; First slider 311; First rack 312; First meshing gear 313; First rotating part 314; First bolt 315; Second drive member 320; Second rack 321; Second meshing gear 322; Second rotating part 323; Second bolt 324; Third drive member 330; Fixed base 331; Coarse adjustment rotating handle 332; Coarse adjustment rotating shaft 333; Rotating bushing 334; Angle fine adjustment knob 335; Precision adjustment base 336; Fixing screw 337; Guide rail 400; Second slider 500; Clamping member 600; Clamping block 610; First fixing part 620; Spatial noise reduction body 800; First conical protrusion 810; Second conical protrusion 820. Detailed Implementation

[0019] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this invention clearer, the invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative and not intended to limit the invention.

[0020] To address the technical problem of errors in test results caused by the inability of the ultrasonic generator and signal receiver within the testing device to adjust their positions relative to the object under test during the testing process, this invention provides a non-destructive testing device and method. This device connects the signal transmitting and receiving units, which transmit and receive ultrasonic signals, via a base and a support, achieving a lightweight and portable design. Simultaneously, a first driving component moves the support relative to the base, allowing the signal transmitting and receiving units to adjust their distances from the object under test, thereby enabling positional adjustment and calibration of the testing equipment relative to the object and improving testing accuracy.

[0021] Please see Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 1 , Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of a non-destructive testing device and testing method according to an embodiment of the present invention. The non-destructive testing device includes: a base 100, a testing component 200, and a driving component 300. The testing component 200 includes a support 210, a signal transmitting part 220, and a signal receiving part 230. The support 210 is movably connected to the base 100. The signal transmitting part 220 and the signal receiving part 230 are spaced apart from each other and are both positioned opposite to the object to be tested, and are both movably connected to the support 210. The driving component 300 includes a first driving member 310, which is connected to the base 100 and the support 210, and is used to drive the support 210, the signal transmitting part 220, and the signal receiving part 230 to move closer to or away from the object to be tested.

[0022] In this device, compared to the prior art, the signal transmitting unit 220 and the signal receiving unit 230, which transmit and receive ultrasonic signals, are connected by the base 100 and the bracket 210, so as to achieve a lightweight and portable function. At the same time, the first driving member 310 drives the bracket 210 to move relative to the base 100, so that the signal transmitting unit 220 and the signal receiving unit 230 can adjust their distance from the object to be tested, thereby realizing the position adjustment and calibration of the detection device relative to the object to be tested. This can improve the accuracy of detection and solve the technical problem in the prior art that the ultrasonic generator and signal receiver in the detection device cannot adjust their position relative to the object to be tested during the detection process, resulting in errors in the detection results.

[0023] Furthermore, the base 100 in this application can be used to connect mobile devices, including mobile vehicles or drones, enabling non-destructive testing equipment to be flexibly applied to complex scenarios and to address technical issues related to operations at high altitudes and in confined spaces.

[0024] Furthermore, this embodiment comprises a lightweight and portable non-destructive testing structure consisting of a base 100, a bracket 210, a signal transmitting unit 220, a signal receiving unit 230, and a first driving component 310. It can be detachably connected to a mobile vehicle or drone through threaded fasteners, which is convenient for outdoor use and meets the needs of high-altitude and confined space operations. The mobile device here is a common and readily available vehicle or drone, which is a conventional setup known to those skilled in the art and will not be described in detail here.

[0025] In some embodiments, the signal transmitting unit 220 is an air coupling sensor transmitter, and the signal receiving unit 230 is an air coupling sensor amplifier receiver.

[0026] Furthermore, this application employs an air-coupled sensor, using air as the coupling medium, which eliminates the steps of applying and cleaning the coupling agent, simplifies the operation process, reduces costs, and is suitable for special occasions such as high temperature, high pressure, and clean environments. The air-coupled sensor transmitter and the air-coupled sensor amplifier receiver are conventional settings known to those skilled in the art, and will not be described in detail here.

[0027] Furthermore, the air-coupled sensor signal transmitter 220 uses a center frequency of 100kHz and an adjustable transmission power within the range of 0.5 to 2W to transmit ultrasonic signals of a specific frequency to the object being detected. The air-coupled sensor amplifier receiver has a built-in receiver chip with a sensitivity of -100dBm, integrating a pre-filter circuit (capable of filtering 50Hz and 100Hz power frequency interference) and an amplifier circuit (maximum gain of 500 times) to receive and process signals reflected or transmitted by the detected object. The sensor is detachably connected via four M3 stainless steel bolts, with a 1mm thick nitrile rubber buffer pad installed between the bolts and the sensor to reduce vibration interference to the signal; details are omitted here.

[0028] In this embodiment, as Figure 4 As shown, the drive assembly 300 further includes at least one second drive member 320, which is connected to the signal transmitting unit 220 and the signal receiving unit 230, and is used to drive the signal transmitting unit 220 and the signal receiving unit 230 to move closer or further apart from each other.

[0029] By providing at least one second driving member 320, the distance between the signal transmitting unit 220 and the signal receiving unit 230 can be adjusted, thereby meeting the needs of more application scenarios.

[0030] In one embodiment, such as Figures 1 to 3 As shown, the base 100 has a first sliding groove. The first driving member 310 includes a first slider 311, a first rack 312, a first meshing gear 313, and a first rotating part 314. The first slider 311 is connected to the bracket 210 and is slidably embedded in the first sliding groove. The first rack 312 is connected to the first slider 311. The first meshing gear 313 is rotatably embedded in the first sliding groove and meshes with the first rack 312. The first rotating part 314 can rotate relative to the base 100, and one end of the first rotating part 314 is connected to the first meshing gear 313, while the other end is externally placed on the base 100.

[0031] The first rotating part 314 drives the first meshing gear 313 to rotate relative to the base 100, and can continuously mesh with the rack to push the first slider 311 to slide relative to the base 100, thereby realizing the movement of the bracket 210 relative to the base 100.

[0032] Furthermore, the first chute is guided in a vertical direction.

[0033] In some embodiments, the base 100 is provided with a rotating hole, the first rotating part 314 includes a rotating rod and a rotating block, one end of the rotating rod is rotatably housed in the rotating hole, and the first meshing gear 313 is disposed on the circumferential surface of one end of the rotating rod, the other end of the rotating rod is disposed outside the base 100 and connected to the rotating block, and the circumferential outer wall of the rotating block is provided with anti-slip knurling.

[0034] Furthermore, the outer wall of the base 100 is provided with a first threaded hole that communicates with the first slide groove. The first driving member 310 also includes a first bolt 315. The threaded end of the first bolt 315 is threadedly connected to the first threaded hole and abuts against the first slider 311 to limit the sliding of the first slider 311 relative to the base 100 along the guide of the first slide groove.

[0035] In some embodiments, the first rack 312 is a precision sawtooth meshing rack, the first meshing gear 313 is a precision sawtooth meshing gear, and the first slider 311 is made of 6061 aluminum alloy (outer diameter 30mm, wall thickness 3mm), with height markings (accuracy 1mm) on the surface. The inner side integrates the first rack 312 (module 1.5, tooth pitch 4.71mm) and the first meshing gear 313 (module 1.5, number of teeth 20) with a precision sawtooth meshing structure. The top of the first slider 311 is connected to the slide rail of the horizontal spacing adjuster. Rotating the first rotating part 314 (diameter 5cm, anti-slip texture) drives the first meshing gear 313 to rotate. Each rotation drives the first slider 311 to rise and fall by 94.2mm (20×4.71mm), with an adjustment range of 0~8cm and an accuracy of 1mm. The first slider 311 is rigidly fixed by turning the first bolt 315 (eccentric lock structure) by 90°. The load-bearing capacity is ≥10kg, which will not be described in detail here.

[0036] In this embodiment, as Figures 1 to 4 As shown, the non-destructive testing device also includes a guide rail 400 and two second sliders 500. The guide rail 400 is connected to the bracket 210. The two second sliders 500 are spaced apart from each other and are slidably nested in the guide rail 400. The two second sliders 500 are respectively connected to the signal transmitting unit 220 or the signal receiving unit 230. The second driving member 320 is arranged in a one-to-one correspondence with the second sliders 500 and is connected to the second sliders 500 to drive the second sliders 500 to slide relative to the guide rail 400.

[0037] The guide rail 400 is arranged in a horizontal direction and its surface is provided with a scale to enable the sliding connection between the signal transmitting unit 220 or the signal receiving unit 230 and the bracket 210.

[0038] Furthermore, the second slider 500 is provided with a second sliding groove that cooperates with the guide rail 400, which serves to connect and guide the sliding of the signal transmitting unit 220 or the signal receiving unit 230 relative to the bracket 210, thereby improving the stability of the device during operation.

[0039] In some embodiments, the second driving member 320 includes a second rack 321, a second meshing gear 322, a second rotating part 323, and a second bolt 324. The second rack 321 is arranged along the guide rail 400 and connected to the guide rail 400. The second meshing gear 322 is rotatably built into the second slider 500 and can mesh with the second rack 321. The second rotating part 323 is rotatably connected to the second slider 500 and connected to the second meshing gear 322. The second bolt 324 can abut against the guide rail 400 to limit the sliding of the second slider 500 relative to the guide rail 400.

[0040] Furthermore, the second rack 321 is a precision sawtooth meshing rack, and the second meshing gear 322 is a precision sawtooth meshing gear. The guide rail 400 is a chrome-plated linear guide rail 400 made of No. 45 steel (50cm in length, 20mm×15mm in cross-section), with distance markings (1mm accuracy) on its surface. The inner side integrates a precision sawtooth meshing rack (module 1.0, tooth pitch 3.14mm). The second slider 500 is made of aluminum alloy and has a built-in second meshing gear 322 (module 1.0, number of teeth 20), with a clearance of 0.01mm between it and the guide rail 400. Rotating the second rotating part 323 (5cm in diameter, with anti-slip texture) drives the second meshing gear 322 to rotate. Each rotation moves the second slider 500 by 62.8mm (20×3.14mm), with an adjustment range of 5~50cm and an accuracy ≥1mm. The second slider 500 and the guide rail 400 are rigidly locked by the second bolt 324, which will not be described in detail here.

[0041] In one embodiment, such as Figure 2 , Figure 5 As shown, the non-destructive testing device also includes a clamping member 600, which includes a clamping block 610 and a first fixing part 620. The clamping block 610 has a through hole that allows the signal transmitting part 220 or the signal receiving part 230 to pass through. The first fixing part 620 is slidably connected to the clamping block 610 along the radial direction of the through hole and can abut against the signal transmitting part 220 or the signal receiving part 230 to restrict the signal transmitting part 220 or the signal receiving part 230 from sliding out of the through hole.

[0042] The detachable connection structure consisting of the clamping block 610 and the first fixing part 620 makes it convenient for the user to connect the signal transmitting part 220 or the signal receiving part 230 to the bracket 210 respectively.

[0043] Furthermore, in some embodiments, such as Figure 2 , Figure 5 As shown, the clamping block 610 has a second threaded hole that communicates with the through hole. The first fixing part 620 is a bolt. The threaded section of the bolt is threadedly connected to the second threaded hole and abuts against the signal transmitting part 220 or the signal receiving part 230 to restrict the signal transmitting part 220 or the signal receiving part 230 from sliding out relative to the through hole.

[0044] Furthermore, the first fixing part 620 here can also be an elastic snap-fit ​​structure composed of a stop block and a spring, using the elastic restoring force generated by the spring to press the stop block against the signal transmitting part 220 or the signal receiving part 230, which will not be described in detail here.

[0045] In this embodiment, as Figure 5 As shown, the drive assembly 300 also includes two third drive members 330. Each third drive member 330 has a fixed end and a rotating end. The fixed end of the third drive member 330 is connected to the sliding block, and the rotating end is connected to the clamping block 610. It is used to drive the clamping block 610, the signal transmitting unit 220 or the signal receiving unit 230 to rotate relative to the bracket 210, so as to adjust the tilt angle of the signal transmitting unit 220 or the signal receiving unit 230 relative to the object to be measured.

[0046] The third driving component 330 can also be used to adjust the tilt angle of the signal transmitting unit 220 or the signal receiving unit 230 relative to the object under test, so that the angle at which the signal transmitting unit 220 or the signal receiving unit 230 transmits or receives ultrasonic signals is the optimal angle, which helps to improve the accuracy of detection.

[0047] Furthermore, in some embodiments, such as Figure 5 As shown, the third drive component 330 is a universal pivot adjustment module, which includes a fixed base 331, a coarse adjustment handle 332, a coarse adjustment shaft 333, a rotating bushing 334, an angle fine adjustment knob 335, a precision adjustment base 336, and a fixing screw 337. The fixed base 331 is fixed to the second slider 500 by M5 expansion bolts, providing support for the entire module.

[0048] Furthermore, the universal joint adjustment module is also equipped with a precision scale 338. The universal joint adjustment module can realize coarse and fine adjustment. Coarse adjustment: by manually rotating the coarse adjustment handle 332, the coarse adjustment shaft 333 is driven to rotate the rotating bushing 334. Each rotation adjusts the angle by 10°, and the full range of coarse adjustment from -45° to 90° can be completed within three seconds. Fine adjustment: the angle fine adjustment knob 335 is linked to the rotating bushing 334 through a worm gear structure (reduction ratio 10:1). Each scale corresponds to a precision adjustment of 0.1°. After adjustment, the angle deviation is ≤0.05°. Furthermore, the universal pivot adjustment module can achieve positioning and connection. Positioning: the fit clearance between the rotating bushing 334 and the precision adjustment base 336 is 0.008mm, and the adjustment position is maintained by the friction between metals, without the need for an additional locking structure; the outer surface of the rotating bushing 334 is provided with knurled texture (1mm spacing, 0.5mm depth) to enhance the grip friction; connection: the rotating bushing 334 is rigidly connected to the air coupling sensor through the fixing screw 337 to ensure coaxiality ≤0.05mm.

[0049] One implementation method is, for example Figure 5 As shown, the fixed end of the third drive component 330 is detachably connected to the second slider 500.

[0050] By providing a detachable connection structure between the second slider 500 and the universal pivot adjustment module, users can easily operate or install the signal transmitter 220 or the signal receiver 230.

[0051] Furthermore, in this application, the precision adjustment base 336 of the universal pivot adjustment module is provided with a receiving groove, the fixed base 331 is connected to the second slider 500 and can be built into the receiving groove, the fixed base 331 is also provided with a threaded connection hole through the fixed base 331, the precision adjustment base 336 of the universal pivot adjustment module is provided with a connecting hole opposite to the threaded connection hole, the threaded sections of the two fixing screws 337 pass through the two connecting holes respectively and are threadedly connected to the threaded connection holes respectively.

[0052] In this embodiment, as Figure 1 , Figure 2 As shown, the bracket 210 is located at the center of the guide rail 400. The bracket 210 has a receiving groove opposite to the object to be tested. The non-destructive testing device also includes a spatial noise reduction body 800, which is embedded in the receiving groove and detachably connected to the bracket 210.

[0053] By providing a spatial noise reduction unit 800 in the middle of the signal transmitting unit 220 or the signal receiving unit 230, the accuracy of detection can be improved.

[0054] Furthermore, the bracket 210 is provided with a clearance groove relative to the guide rail 400, the guide rail 400 passes through the clearance groove and is connected to the inner wall of the bracket 210, which will not be described in detail here.

[0055] One implementation method is, for example Figure 1 , Figure 2As shown, noise reduction grooves are formed on the two opposite sides of the spatial noise reduction body 800. The bottom inner wall of the noise reduction groove has a plurality of first conical protrusions 810 and a plurality of second conical protrusions 820 respectively formed relative to the signal transmitting part 220 or the signal receiving part 230. The plurality of first conical protrusions 810 and the plurality of second conical protrusions 820 are evenly arranged along the bottom inner wall of the noise reduction groove. The volume of the first conical protrusion 810 or the second conical protrusion 820 gradually decreases in the direction away from the bottom inner wall of the noise reduction groove, and the volume of the second conical protrusion 820 is greater than the volume of the first conical protrusion 810.

[0056] By providing a first conical protrusion 810 or a second conical protrusion 820 of different sizes relative to the signal transmitting unit 220 or the signal receiving unit 230, the signal receiving effect can be effectively improved.

[0057] Furthermore, the spatial noise reduction body 800 is a spatial noise reduction cone layer. The spatial noise reduction cone layer uses polyurethane porous sound-absorbing material with a porosity of 70%. Small conical protrusions (3cm high, 2cm bottom diameter) and large conical protrusions (4cm high, 3cm bottom diameter) are regularly distributed on both sides. The center-to-center distance between adjacent first conical protrusions 810 or second conical protrusions 820 is 2mm. It is fixed on the bracket 210 between the signal transmitting part 220 and the air coupling sensor amplifier receiver, and is flush with the sensor end face. It is used to absorb surface reflected waves with a frequency of 20kHz to 2MHz.

[0058] Embodiments of the present invention also provide a non-destructive testing method, which utilizes the above-described non-destructive testing apparatus, and the specific steps are as follows: Parameter adjustment Adjust the distance between the signal transmitting unit 220 and the surface of the object to be detected, as well as the tilt angle of the signal transmitting unit 220 relative to the object surface; adjust the distance between the signal receiving unit 230 and the surface of the object to be detected, as well as the tilt angle of the signal receiving unit 230 relative to the object surface. Signal acquisition and processing, The signal transmitting unit 220 emits an ultrasonic signal, which is captured by the signal receiving unit 230 after being reflected / transmitted by the object to be detected; Data analysis, The data captured by the signal receiving unit 230 is analyzed and processed to generate a report on the internal defect parameters of the object being inspected.

[0059] The parameter adjustment includes: adjusting the height of the bracket 210 to the target value (e.g., 30cm) via the first rotating part 314, fixing it by turning the first bolt 315, so that the air coupling sensor is 5-15cm away from the surface of the object being detected; coarsely adjusting the sensor angle via the coarse adjustment handle 332 of the universal pivot adjustment module, and then calibrating it to the optimal incident angle (e.g., perpendicular incident on a flat object) via the fine adjustment knob 335; adjusting the horizontal distance between the signal transmitting part 220 and the air coupling sensor amplification receiver (e.g., 20cm) according to the scale on the guide rail 400 via the first rotating part 314, and fixing the distance by tightening the second bolt 324.

[0060] Further, device mounting and startup: Connect the base 100 to the mobile device (such as a DJI M300 drone), check that the connection is secure, turn on the power, and set parameters such as signal transmission frequency (such as 5MHz), transmission power (such as 1W), and amplification factor (such as 500x) through the control panel.

[0061] Among them, such as Figure 6 , Figure 7 As shown, signal acquisition and processing includes a signal transmitting unit 220 that emits ultrasonic waves, which are then reflected / transmitted by the object being detected and captured by an air-coupled sensor amplification receiver. The spatial noise reduction cone layer absorbs surface reflected waves through its porous structure and conical protrusions. The signal is first filtered by a pre-filter circuit to remove power frequency interference, and then amplified by an amplification circuit (gain 100 to 500 times) to enhance the signal strength before finally being transmitted to the data acquisition module (sampling rate 100MHz).

[0062] Data analysis includes a data acquisition module that converts analog signals into digital signals and transmits them to the terminal. The terminal then further processes the signals using algorithms such as wavelet transform and signal superposition noise reduction to generate a report on the internal defect parameters of the detected object.

[0063] Furthermore, comparing the received signal waveforms of the device of the present invention with those of a general sensor: General sensor: The noise floor amplitude of the received signal reaches 0.0027V (the waveform fluctuates violently), the effective defect signal is completely submerged, and the signal-to-noise ratio is only -2.41dB; After the porous sound absorption and cone scattering of the spatial noise reduction cone forest layer, combined with algorithm processing, the noise floor amplitude of the device of the present invention is reduced to less than 0.001V, the effective signal amplitude reaches 0.0497V, the signal-to-noise ratio is improved to 22.36dB, and the clarity of the defect feature signal is improved by more than 8 times.

[0064] To better understand this invention, the following is combined with... Figures 1 to 5 The technical solution of the present invention will be described in detail below: In the specific working process of the present invention, the signal transmitting unit 220 and the signal receiving unit 230 are arranged at intervals between each other, and are respectively used to generate ultrasonic signals and receive ultrasonic signals. The signal transmitting unit 220 and the signal receiving unit 230 are both arranged opposite to the object to be tested, and are both movably connected to the bracket 210. Under the drive of the first driving member 310, the bracket 210 can drive the signal transmitting unit 220 and the signal receiving unit 230 to slide relative to the base 100, so that the signal transmitting unit 220 and the signal receiving unit 230 move closer to or away from the object to be tested. Compared to existing technologies, the signal transmitting unit 220 and signal receiving unit 230, which transmit and receive ultrasonic signals, are connected by the base 100 and the bracket 210, achieving a lightweight and portable function. At the same time, the first driving member 310 drives the bracket 210 to move relative to the base 100, allowing the signal transmitting unit 220 and signal receiving unit 230 to adjust their distance from the object under test, thereby realizing the position adjustment and calibration of the detection device relative to the object under test. This improves the accuracy of the detection and solves the technical problem in existing technologies where the ultrasonic generator and signal receiver in the detection device cannot adjust their position relative to the object under test during the detection process, resulting in errors in the detection results.

[0065] Furthermore, such as Figures 6 to 8 As shown, when testing a 10cm thick solid wood board, with a frequency of 0.8MHz, a horizontal spacing of 12cm, and a platform height of 4cm, the signal characteristics are compared as follows: In the normal area (blue waveform): the ultrasonic wave propagates in the wood in the Lamb wave mode, with concentrated energy, sharp pulses (amplitude up to 0.4V), and continuous wavefront without distortion, reflecting the uniformity of the wood; In the defect area (orange waveform): due to the difference in acoustic impedance between the wood and air (a difference of 3600 times), the incident wave is strongly reflected at the edge of the cavity and has extremely weak transmission, and the direct wave energy is "cut off"; at the same time, the Lamb wave undergoes mode conversion when it encounters the defect, and the slow wave component generates a 50μs delay due to the extended path. The multipath propagation superposition forms envelope undulations and long-tailed ringing, and the high-frequency components attenuate first, causing pulse broadening (width increases from 100μs to 300μs). Finally, the signal amplitude drops below 0.1V, and the energy attenuation exceeds 60%.

[0066] This invention suppresses surface clutter through spatial noise reduction cone forest layers and separates modal interference using algorithms, achieving an accuracy of 98% in identifying internal voids with a diameter ≥3mm. This overcomes the problem of insufficient sensitivity caused by the large attenuation of non-metallic sound and complex scattering in traditional equipment.

[0067] In summary, the portable lightweight non-destructive testing equipment and its testing method of this invention, compared with traditional non-destructive testing equipment, can achieve efficient and accurate non-destructive testing of various materials such as metals, composite materials, and wood. It has significant advantages such as strong portability (the overall weight is only 0.8kg, which can be carried by drones and mobile vehicles), simple operation (no coupling agent is required, saving pre-processing costs), high testing accuracy (significantly improved signal-to-noise ratio, which can identify millimeter-level micro-defects), and wide applicability, covering multiple scenarios.

[0068] The present invention, through the above-described structure and method, can solve the technical problem in the prior art where the ultrasonic generator and signal receiver in the detection device cannot adjust their positions relative to the object under test during the detection process, resulting in errors in the detection results.

[0069] The specific embodiments of the present invention described above do not constitute a limitation on the scope of protection of the present invention. Any other corresponding changes and modifications made in accordance with the technical concept of the present invention should be included within the scope of protection of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A non-destructive testing device, characterized in that, include: Base; The detection component includes a bracket, a signal transmitting unit, and a signal receiving unit. The bracket is movably connected to the base. The signal transmitting unit and the signal receiving unit are spaced apart from each other, and both the signal transmitting unit and the signal receiving unit are positioned opposite to the object to be tested and are movably connected to the bracket. as well as The driving component includes a first driving member connected to the base and the bracket, which is used to drive the bracket, the signal transmitting unit and the signal receiving unit to move closer to or away from the object under test.

2. The non-destructive testing device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The driving assembly further includes at least one second driving member, which is connected to the signal transmitting unit and the signal receiving unit, and is used to drive the signal transmitting unit and the signal receiving unit to move closer or further apart from each other.

3. The non-destructive testing device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The base has a first sliding groove. The first driving component includes a first slider, a first rack, a first meshing gear, and a first rotating part. The first slider is connected to the bracket and slidably embedded in the first sliding groove. The first rack is connected to the first slider. The first meshing gear is rotatably embedded in the first sliding groove and meshes with the first rack. The first rotating part can rotate relative to the base, and one end of the first rotating part is connected to the first meshing gear, while the other end is externally placed on the base.

4. The non-destructive testing device according to claim 2, characterized in that, The non-destructive testing device further includes a guide rail and two second sliders. The guide rail is connected to the bracket. The two second sliders are spaced apart from each other and are slidably nested in the guide rail. The two second sliders are respectively connected to the signal transmitting unit or the signal receiving unit. The second driving member is arranged in a one-to-one correspondence with the second slider and is connected to the second slider to drive the second slider to slide relative to the guide rail.

5. The non-destructive testing device according to claim 4, characterized in that, The non-destructive testing device further includes a clamping member, which includes a clamping block and a first fixing part. The clamping block has a through hole that allows the signal transmitting part or the signal receiving part to pass through. The first fixing part is slidably connected to the clamping block along the radial direction of the through hole and can abut against the signal transmitting part or the signal receiving part to prevent the signal transmitting part or the signal receiving part from sliding out of the through hole.

6. The non-destructive testing device according to claim 5, characterized in that, The drive assembly further includes two third drive members, each having a fixed end and a rotating end. The fixed end of the third drive member is connected to the sliding block, and the rotating end is connected to the clamping block. It is used to drive the clamping block, the signal transmitting part, or the signal receiving part to rotate relative to the bracket, so as to adjust the tilt angle of the signal transmitting part or the signal receiving part relative to the object under test.

7. The non-destructive testing device according to claim 6, characterized in that, The fixed end of the third driving component is detachably connected to the second slider.

8. The non-destructive testing device according to claim 4, characterized in that, The bracket is located at the center of the guide rail, and the bracket has a receiving groove opposite to the object to be tested. The non-destructive testing device also includes a spatial noise reduction body, which is embedded in the receiving groove and detachably connected to the bracket.

9. The non-destructive testing device according to claim 8, characterized in that, Noise reduction grooves are formed on both sides of the spatial noise reduction body facing away from each other. The bottom inner wall of the noise reduction groove has a plurality of first conical protrusions and a plurality of second conical protrusions respectively formed relative to the signal transmitting part or the signal receiving part. The plurality of first conical protrusions and the plurality of second conical protrusions are evenly arranged along the bottom inner wall of the noise reduction groove. The volume of the first conical protrusion or the second conical protrusion gradually decreases along the direction away from the bottom inner wall of the noise reduction groove, and the volume of the second conical protrusion is greater than the volume of the first conical protrusion.

10. A non-destructive testing method, characterized in that, Using the non-destructive testing device as described in any one of claims 1-9, the specific steps are as follows: Parameter adjustment Adjust the distance between the signal transmitting unit and the surface of the object to be detected, as well as the tilt angle of the signal transmitting unit relative to the object surface; adjust the distance between the signal receiving unit and the surface of the object to be detected, as well as the tilt angle of the signal receiving unit relative to the object surface. Signal acquisition and processing, The signal transmitting unit emits ultrasonic signals, which are captured by the signal receiving unit after being reflected / transmitted by the object under test; Data analysis, The data captured by the signal receiving unit is analyzed and processed to generate a report on the internal defect parameters of the object being inspected.

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