Disturbance compensation device applied to quantum current sensor and quantum current sensor with optical noise suppression function

Abstract

The invention relates to a disturbance compensation device applied to a quantum current sensor and the quantum current sensor with an optical noise suppression function. The disturbance compensation device comprises an environment sensor array and a noise separation processor, wherein the environment sensor array is used for detecting environment disturbance in an external environment; the noise separation processor is used for receiving and acquiring a transmission disturbance signal captured by an end face detector in the quantum current sensor based on laser output by the laser and an original disturbance signal output by the laser in the quantum current sensor; a fluorescence detector in the quantum current sensor can determine a compensated current signal based on a light intensity signal determined by laser transmitted by an end face detector and environment disturbance output by an environment sensor array, so that current compensation is realized. Compared with a traditional laser-fluorescence cross-correlation observation device, the disturbance compensation device gives consideration to environment disturbance, original disturbance of the laser and transmission disturbance of the laser, and more accurate current signals can be obtained.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of disturbance compensation technology, and in particular to a disturbance compensation device for quantum current sensors and a quantum current sensor with optical noise suppression function. Background Technology

[0002] In quantum current sensors, when a 532nm laser is used as the excitation source for NV (Nitrogen-Vacancy) color centers in diamond, the noise of the laser directly affects the output fluorescence. In traditional laser-fluorescence cross-correlation observations, all noise in the laser and all noise in the fluorescence are usually treated according to a fixed transfer function, resulting in low accuracy. Summary of the Invention

[0003] Therefore, it is necessary to provide a disturbance compensation device with high processing accuracy for quantum current sensors and a quantum current sensor with optical noise suppression function.

[0004] In a first aspect, a disturbance compensation device for a quantum current sensor is provided. The quantum current sensor includes a laser, a transmission module, an end-face detector, a diamond sensor, and a fluorescence detector. The transmission module propagates laser light projected by the laser to the end-face detector. The end-face detector captures the transmission disturbance signal in the received laser light and projects the received laser light to the diamond sensor. The diamond sensor generates a fluorescence signal based on the received laser light. The fluorescence detector receives and determines the light intensity signal of the laser light transmitted by the end-face detector based on the fluorescence signal. The disturbance compensation device includes:

[0005] An environmental sensor array is used to detect environmental disturbances in the external environment, including temperature, noise, and radiation dose.

[0006] The noise separation processor is connected to the environmental sensor array and is also used to connect to the end face detector, fluorescence detector and laser respectively. The noise separation processor is used to receive and determine the compensated current signal based on the transmitted disturbance signal, the original disturbance signal output by the laser, the light intensity signal and the environmental disturbance.

[0007] In one embodiment, the noise separation processor is further configured to:

[0008] The transmission disturbance array is determined based on the transmitted disturbance signal, the original disturbance signal, and the environmental disturbance.

[0009] Obtain the preset physical model; the physical model includes the thermal expansion physical model, the vibration interference physical model, and the wavelength interference physical model;

[0010] Based on the transmission perturbation array and physical model, and using the following formula, the predicted noise signal is determined:

[0011] F(Noise)=η·[Γ(T)·a1+Φ(V)·b1+Ψ(Rad)·c1]

[0012] Where F (Noise) is the predicted noise signal, η is the transmission disturbance array, Γ (T) is the thermal expansion, a1 is the temperature noise weight, Φ (V) is the vibration interference, b1 is the vibration noise weight, Ψ (Rad) is the wavelength interference, and c1 is the radiation noise weight.

[0013] The compensated current signal is determined based on the predicted noise signal and the light intensity signal.

[0014] In one embodiment, the noise separation processor is further configured to:

[0015] When the environmental disturbance exceeds the environmental disturbance threshold, the control end face detector will operate.

[0016] When the environmental disturbance is less than or equal to the environmental disturbance threshold, the control end face detector stops working.

[0017] In one embodiment, the environmental sensor array includes:

[0018] Temperature sensor, used to detect ambient temperature in the external environment;

[0019] Noise sensors are used to detect ambient noise in the external environment;

[0020] An irradiation dosimeter is used to detect the ambient radiation dose in the external environment.

[0021] In one embodiment, the end face detector includes:

[0022] A beam splitter is placed on the light projection path of the transmission module to receive, refract, and reflect the laser beam projected by the laser, so as to project the reflected laser beam into the diamond sensor.

[0023] A diode array is positioned along the light refraction path of the beam splitter. The diode array is used to receive and generate transmission disturbance signals based on the refracted laser light.

[0024] In one embodiment, the aforementioned diode array is integrated into the light-emitting surface of the beam splitter.

[0025] In one embodiment, the fluorescence detector includes:

[0026] A filter is placed in the light projection path of the diamond sensor. The filter is used to retain the target light in the fluorescence signal that is within a preset wavelength range.

[0027] A light intensity detection device is installed on the light projection path of the filter. The light intensity detection device is used to receive and generate a light intensity signal based on the target light.

[0028] In one embodiment, the preset wavelength range is a wavelength range with 637nm as the wavelength center, fluctuating up and down by a preset value.

[0029] In one embodiment, the transmission module is an optical fiber transmission module.

[0030] In a second aspect, a quantum current sensor with optical noise suppression function is provided, including a laser, a transmission module, an end face detector, a diamond sensor, a fluorescence detector, and the above-mentioned disturbance compensation device applied to the quantum current sensor.

[0031] The transmission module is used to propagate the laser projected by the laser to the end face detector; the end face detector is used to capture the transmission disturbance signal in the received laser and project the received laser to the diamond sensor; the diamond sensor generates a fluorescence signal based on the received laser; and the fluorescence detector is used to receive and determine the light intensity signal of the laser transmitted by the end face detector based on the fluorescence signal.

[0032] The aforementioned disturbance compensation device for quantum current sensors and the quantum current sensor with optical noise suppression function include: an environmental sensor array and a noise separation processor. The environmental sensor array is used to detect environmental disturbances in the external environment; the noise separation processor is used to receive and determine the compensated current signal based on the transmission disturbance signal captured by the end-face detector of the quantum current sensor based on the laser output of the laser, the original disturbance signal output by the laser in the quantum current sensor, the light intensity signal determined by the fluorescence detector of the quantum current sensor based on the laser transmitted by the end-face detector, and the environmental disturbance output by the environmental sensor array, thereby achieving current compensation. Compared with traditional laser-fluorescence cross-correlation observation devices, this disturbance compensation device for quantum current sensors takes into account environmental disturbances, the original laser disturbance, and the transmission disturbance of the laser, and can obtain a more accurate current signal. Attached Figure Description

[0033] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of this application or the conventional technology, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the conventional technology will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of this application. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0034] Figure 1 This is a structural block diagram of a disturbance compensation device applied to a quantum current sensor according to one embodiment;

[0035] Figure 2 This is a block diagram of signal acquisition for a disturbance compensation device applied to a quantum current sensor, according to one embodiment. Detailed Implementation

[0036] To facilitate understanding of this application, a more complete description will be provided below with reference to the accompanying drawings, which illustrate embodiments of the present application. However, the present application can be implemented in many different forms and is not limited to the embodiments described herein. Rather, these embodiments are provided so that the disclosure of this application will be thorough and complete.

[0037] Unless otherwise defined, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this application belongs. The terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of the application.

[0038] It is understood that the term "connection" in the following embodiments should be understood as "electrical connection," "communication connection," etc., if the connected circuits, modules, units, etc., have electrical signal or data transmission with each other.

[0039] It is understandable that "multiple" refers to two or more. "At least part of an element" refers to part or all of an element.

[0040] When used herein, the singular forms of “a,” “an,” and “the” may also include the plural forms unless the context clearly indicates otherwise. It should also be understood that the terms “comprising,” “including,” or “having,” etc., specify the presence of the stated feature, whole, step, operation, component, part, or combination thereof, but do not preclude the possibility of the presence or addition of one or more other features, wholes, steps, operations, components, parts, or combinations thereof.

[0041] Traditional methods generally do not dynamically calibrate the optical path of quantum current sensors. A very small number of traditional methods do dynamically calibrate the quantum current sensor error, but they treat all noise as a whole. In reality, actual noise can be caused by various factors, such as laser source vibration, ambient temperature drift, and changes in the air medium in the quantum current sensor's environment. Furthermore, these disturbances, such as laser source vibration and temperature drift, have different effects on the quantum current sensor, making it impossible to trigger calibration using a specific threshold. Therefore, traditional testing methods can only use fixed-period sampling for triggering. This fixed-period sampling triggering method consumes a lot of power at high trigger frequencies and has large dynamic calibration errors at low trigger frequencies. Moreover, when traditional equipment treats all noise as a whole and uses a single fixed conduction function to process different noises, the accuracy is low.

[0042] In a specific embodiment, such as Figure 1 As shown, a disturbance compensation device 10 for a quantum current sensor 20 is disclosed. The quantum current sensor 20 includes a laser 202, a transmission module 204, an end-face detector 206, a diamond sensor 208, and a fluorescence detector 210. The transmission module 204 propagates the laser light projected by the laser 202 to the end-face detector 206. The end-face detector 206 captures the transmission disturbance signal in the received laser light and projects the received laser light to the diamond sensor 208. The diamond sensor 208 generates a fluorescence signal based on the received laser light. The fluorescence detector 210 receives and determines the light intensity signal of the laser light transmitted by the end-face detector 206 based on the fluorescence signal. The optical path in the quantum current sensor 20 is as follows: Figure 1 Trajectory A is shown in the figure.

[0043] The disturbance compensation device 10 applied to the quantum current sensor includes an environmental sensor array 102 and a noise separation processor 104.

[0044] The environmental sensor array 102 is used to detect environmental disturbances in the external environment, including temperature, noise, and radiation dose.

[0045] The noise separation processor 104 is connected to the environmental sensor array 102, and is also used to connect to the end face detector 206, the fluorescence detector 210 and the laser 202 respectively. The noise separation processor 104 is used to receive and determine the compensated current signal based on the transmitted disturbance signal, the original disturbance signal output by the laser 202, the light intensity signal and the environmental disturbance.

[0046] The laser output from laser 202 may exhibit original laser jitter. One input of the noise separation processor 104 can be connected to the PD (Photo-Diode) pin of laser 202 to obtain the original disturbance signal characterizing this original laser jitter. The PD pin is used to monitor the output power of laser 202. Its principle is to use a photodiode to convert a portion of the laser output from laser 202 into an electrical signal. By monitoring this electrical signal, the original laser jitter of the laser output from laser 202 can be determined, thereby identifying the corresponding original disturbance signal.

[0047] When the laser output from the laser 202 is transmitted to the diamond sensor 208, it needs to pass through a transmission module 204. When the laser is transmitted through the transmission module 204, there will be transmission disturbances. At this time, the end face detector 206 can directly capture these transmission disturbances to obtain the corresponding transmission disturbance signal.

[0048] The diamond sensor 208 primarily operates using NV centers (nodal vacancy centers) within diamond. An NV center is an atomic-scale lattice defect in diamond, consisting of a nitrogen atom and an adjacent vacancy. The spin state of the NV center is highly sensitive to environmental changes. By measuring the frequency shift of the light emitted by the NV center when exposed to laser light, the laser light transmitted by the end-face detector 206 is converted into a corresponding fluorescence signal, thus achieving precise measurement. A 532nm laser is the strongest excitation wavelength for the NV center, directly matching its transition from the ground state to the excited state. Therefore, the wavelength of the laser output by the laser 202 can be 532nm. When the NV center absorbs 532nm green light, it returns to the ground state through non-radiative relaxation and emits 637nm red light into the fluorescence detector 210.

[0049] The fluorescence detector 210 can determine the light intensity signal of the laser transmitted by the end face detector 206 based on the fluorescence signal (i.e., 637nm red light) transmitted by the diamond sensor 208.

[0050] Based on the environmental disturbances received from the environmental sensor array 102, the noise separation processor 104 can determine the compensated current signal according to the transmitted disturbance signal, the original disturbance signal, and the light intensity signal.

[0051] The aforementioned disturbance compensation device 10 applied to a quantum current sensor includes an environmental sensor array 102 and a noise separation processor 104. The environmental sensor array 102 is used to detect environmental disturbances in the external environment. The noise separation processor 104 is used to receive and determine the compensated current signal based on the transmission disturbance signal captured by the end-face detector 206 in the quantum current sensor 20 based on the laser output from the laser 202, the original disturbance signal output by the laser 202 in the quantum current sensor 20, the light intensity signal determined by the fluorescence detector 210 in the quantum current sensor 20 based on the laser transmitted from the end-face detector 206, and the environmental disturbance output by the environmental sensor array 102, thereby achieving current compensation. Compared with traditional laser-fluorescence cross-correlation observation devices, this disturbance compensation device 10 applied to a quantum current sensor takes into account environmental disturbances, the original disturbance of the laser, and the transmission disturbance of the laser, and can obtain a more accurate current signal.

[0052] In one specific embodiment, the noise separation processor 104 is further configured to:

[0053] The transmission disturbance array is determined based on the transmitted disturbance signal, the original disturbance signal, and the environmental disturbance.

[0054] The transmission disturbance array can dynamically correlate environmental disturbances with laser attenuation. Laser attenuation includes jitter attenuation caused by the original laser jitter and transmission attenuation caused by laser transmission.

[0055] The transmission perturbation array η can be determined based on the following formula:

[0056] η = (L2 - k·L1) / ε

[0057] Where L2 is the transmitted disturbance signal, L1 is the original disturbance signal, ε is the environmental disturbance, and k is the coefficient.

[0058] Obtain the preset physical model; the physical model includes the thermal expansion physical model, the vibration interference physical model, and the wavelength interference physical model.

[0059] Based on the transmission perturbation array and physical model, and using the following formula, the predicted noise signal is determined:

[0060] F(Noise)=η·[Γ(T)·a1+Φ(V)·b1+Ψ(Rad)·c1]

[0061] Where F(Noise) is the predicted noise signal, η is the transmission disturbance array, Γ(T) is the thermal expansion, a1 is the temperature noise weight, Φ(V) is the vibration interference, b1 is the vibration noise weight, Ψ(Rad) is the wavelength interference, and c1 is the irradiation noise weight.

[0062] Generally, natural light has a relatively small interference with the quantum current sensor 20, so the irradiation noise weight can be set to a small value, such as 1%; temperature has a moderate interference effect on the quantum current sensor 20, so the temperature noise weight can be set to a medium value, such as 10%; vibration has a relatively large interference effect on the quantum current sensor 20, so the vibration noise weight can be set to a large value, such as 89%.

[0063] Therefore, the predicted noise signal includes three types of noise: noise corresponding to the transmitted disturbance signal, noise corresponding to the original disturbance signal, and noise corresponding to the environmental disturbance. Thus, the formula for determining the predicted noise signal can be the full-parameter noise model of the NC color center system.

[0064] The compensated current signal is determined based on the predicted noise signal and the light intensity signal.

[0065] The compensated current signal F_true can be determined based on the following formula:

[0066] F_true = F - F(Noise)

[0067] Where F is the light intensity signal.

[0068] In one specific embodiment, the noise separation processor 104 is further configured to:

[0069] When the environmental disturbance exceeds the environmental disturbance threshold, the control end face detector 206 is activated.

[0070] When the environmental disturbance is less than or equal to the environmental disturbance threshold, the control end face detector 206 stops working.

[0071] When the environmental disturbance is less than or equal to the environmental disturbance threshold, the end face detector 206 does not work. Therefore, the noise separation processor 104 does not receive the transmission disturbance signal output by the end face detector 206 and the light intensity signal output by the fluorescence detector 210. At this time, the noise separation processor 104 can enter the sleep mode to reduce operating power and save resources.

[0072] Compared to the high power consumption of traditional solutions that operate at fixed time periods, this disturbance compensation device 10 for quantum current sensors only enters operating mode when the received environmental disturbance exceeds the environmental disturbance threshold, resulting in low energy consumption. Furthermore, when the noise separation processor 104 is in sleep mode, it can save 90% of electrical energy.

[0073] Furthermore, since the disturbance compensation device 10 applied to the quantum current sensor operates in a triggered manner, the entire circuit collects relatively little data, there is no software delay, and the signal running time in the disturbance compensation device 10 applied to the quantum current sensor is at the speed of light, its hardware delay is less than 1 microsecond and can be ignored. Therefore, compared with the delay of 1 second or more in the traditional solution, the response delay of the disturbance compensation device 10 applied to the quantum current sensor can be less than 10ms.

[0074] In one specific embodiment, the environmental sensor array 102 includes a temperature sensor, a noise sensor, and an irradiation dosimeter.

[0075] Among them, the temperature sensor is used to detect the ambient temperature in the external environment.

[0076] Noise sensors are used to detect ambient noise in the external environment.

[0077] Radiation dosimeters are used to detect the ambient radiation dose in the external environment.

[0078] In one embodiment, the environmental disturbance threshold is determined based on temperature noise weight, vibration noise weight, irradiation noise weight, ambient temperature, ambient noise, and ambient radiation dose to obtain a value that can reflect the overall environmental disturbance.

[0079] In one embodiment, the environmental disturbance threshold includes a temperature disturbance threshold, a vibration disturbance threshold, and an irradiation disturbance threshold.

[0080] When the ambient noise exceeds the temperature disturbance threshold, the control end face detector 206 is activated.

[0081] When the ambient noise is less than or equal to the temperature disturbance threshold, the control end face detector 206 stops working.

[0082] When the ambient noise is greater than the vibration disturbance threshold, the control end face detector 206 is activated.

[0083] When the ambient noise is less than or equal to the vibration disturbance threshold, the control end face detector 206 stops working.

[0084] When the ambient radiation dose exceeds the irradiation disturbance threshold, the control end face detector 206 operates.

[0085] When the ambient radiation dose is less than or equal to the irradiation disturbance threshold, the control end face detector 206 stops working.

[0086] Therefore, the environmental sensor array 102 can quantify multiple different environmental disturbance factors, and the noise separation processor 104 can collect the original disturbance of the laser and the transmission disturbance of the laser, and make each noise have a corresponding threshold, thereby realizing dynamic calibration triggering, and ultimately improving the test accuracy of the disturbance compensation device 10 applied to the quantum current sensor.

[0087] In one embodiment, multiple temperature sensors are provided to determine a more accurate ambient temperature based on the average of the temperatures detected by the multiple temperature sensors, thereby improving the data accuracy of the disturbance compensation device 10 applied to the quantum current sensor.

[0088] In one embodiment, multiple noise sensors are provided to determine a more accurate ambient noise based on the average of the noise detected by the multiple noise sensors, thereby improving the data accuracy of the disturbance compensation device 10 applied to the quantum current sensor.

[0089] In one embodiment, multiple radiation dosimeters are provided to determine a more accurate ambient radiation dose based on the average of the radiation doses detected by the multiple radiation dosimeters, thereby improving the data accuracy of the disturbance compensation device 10 applied to the quantum current sensor.

[0090] In one specific embodiment, the end-face detector 206 includes a beam splitter and a diode array.

[0091] A beam-splitter is disposed on the light projection path of the transmission module 204 to receive, refract, and reflect the laser beam projected by the laser 202, so as to project the reflected laser beam into the diamond sensor 208.

[0092] The coefficient k in the aforementioned transmission disturbance array can be determined based on the beam splitting ratio of the beam splitter in the end-face detector 206. For example, when the beam splitting ratio of the beam splitter in the end-face detector 206 is 50:50, k is 1. It should be noted that when selecting beam splitters with other beam splitting ratios, the corresponding coefficient k needs to be determined to obtain accurate data output.

[0093] The diode array is positioned in the light refraction path of the beam splitter. The diode array is used to receive and generate transmission disturbance signals based on the refracted laser light.

[0094] Diode arrays can simultaneously acquire multi-dimensional information such as light intensity, phase, and polarization state in refracted laser light through pixel-level parallel detection, and can generate transmission perturbation signals based on this information.

[0095] In one embodiment, the 50:50 beam splitter can be a 50:50 beam splitter deposited on the end face of an optical fiber, that is, a beam splitter with a special optical thin film deposited on the end face of the optical fiber through processes such as vacuum evaporation, so that the incident light can be split according to 50% transmittance and 50% reflectance.

[0096] In one specific embodiment, the diode array is integrated on the light-emitting surface of the beam splitter.

[0097] The greater the distance between the diode array and the beam splitter, the greater the probability of noise introduction. Integrating the diode array on the light-emitting surface of the beam splitter, i.e., on the back side of the beam splitter, can reduce the probability of noise introduction and also reduce the size of the end-face detector 206, thereby achieving a miniaturized design of the disturbance compensation device 10 used in quantum current sensors.

[0098] In one specific embodiment, the fluorescence detector 210 includes a filter and a light intensity detection device.

[0099] A filter is placed on the light projection path of the diamond sensor 208. The filter is used to retain the target light in the fluorescence signal that is within a preset wavelength range.

[0100] The filter is used to filter out the 532nm green light in the fluorescence signal, while the 637nm red light is the light signal needed to determine the light intensity signal.

[0101] The light intensity detection device is set on the light projection path of the filter. The light intensity detection device is used to receive and generate a light intensity signal based on the target light.

[0102] A light intensity detection device is used to detect the intensity of target light after it has been filtered by a filter, thereby obtaining the corresponding light intensity signal. The light intensity detection device can be a photon counter, an optical PD (photodetector), or any other device capable of detecting the intensity of light.

[0103] Therefore, the fluorescence detector 210, which includes a filter and a light intensity detection device, can suppress the interference of ambient light, thereby improving the signal-to-noise ratio and enabling the disturbance compensation device 10 applied to the quantum current sensor to output a high-precision current signal.

[0104] In one specific embodiment, the preset wavelength range is a wavelength range centered at 637nm, fluctuating by a preset value above and below. For example, the preset value can be 5nm, that is, the preset wavelength range can be [632nm, 642nm].

[0105] In one embodiment, the output window of laser 202 integrates an InGaAs detector (Indium Gallium Arsenide Detector), which can carry a thermoelectrically cooled TEC (Thermoelectric Cooler) to acquire and output the original perturbation signal. This InGaAs detector with a thermoelectrically cooled TEC can reduce its own temperature and thermal noise, thereby improving detection sensitivity and performance.

[0106] Furthermore, an InGaAs detector is integrated into the output window of the laser 202 to enable zero-distance monitoring of the original disturbance signal, avoiding beam splitting loss and improving the accuracy of the disturbance compensation device 10 used in the quantum current sensor.

[0107] In one specific embodiment, the transmission module 204 is an optical fiber transmission module.

[0108] Fiber optic transmission modules are less affected by vibration and temperature drift, and have good noise immunity. Using fiber optic transmission modules as transmission modules 204 can reduce the introduction of noise.

[0109] In one embodiment, the transmission module 204 may be a spatial light transmission module 204.

[0110] To better illustrate the disturbance compensation device 10 applied to the quantum current sensor, a further explanation is provided below in conjunction with the signal acquisition block diagram of the disturbance compensation device 10 applied to the quantum current sensor: The laser 202 outputs a laser source with a wavelength of 532nm. This laser 202 can be an InGaAs detector carrying a thermoelectrically cooled TEC. The laser 202 transmits the original disturbance signal (L1 signal) to the noise separation processor 104 via a PD pin. It also projects the laser into an optical fiber transmission module (optical fiber transmission system). The optical fiber transmission module projects the received laser into an end-face detector 206, which includes a beam splitter (50:50 coating) with a 50:50 splitting ratio and a diode array (PIN array). The beam splitter in the end-face detector 206 refracts and reflects the received laser, then projects the reflected laser into a diamond sensor 208. The diode array receives the reflected laser and generates a transmission disturbance signal (L2 signal) based on the refracted laser. The diamond sensor 208, based on the NV color center, generates a corresponding fluorescence signal according to the laser refracted by the beam splitter, and transmits this fluorescence signal to the fluorescence detector 210. The filter in the fluorescence detector 210 retains 637nm red light and filters out other light in the fluorescence signal. The light intensity detection device in the fluorescence detector 210 performs single-photon counting on the 637nm red light to determine the corresponding light intensity signal (F signal). The environmental sensor array 102 detects the ambient temperature (T), ambient noise (vibration / V), and ambient radiation dose (irradiance / Rad) in the external environment, and determines the corresponding environmental disturbance (ε) based on the external disturbance quantizer in the noise separation processor 104. If the environmental disturbance is greater than the environmental disturbance threshold, the end-face detector 206 is controlled to operate; if the environmental disturbance is less than or equal to the environmental disturbance threshold, the end-face detector 206 is controlled to stop operating. When the environmental disturbance exceeds the environmental disturbance threshold, the noise separation processor 104 receives the transmission disturbance signal, the original disturbance signal output by the laser 202, and the light intensity signal, determines the transmission disturbance array (η), then obtains a preset physical model, performs noise prediction based on the transmission disturbance array, the preset physical model, and the formula for determining the predicted noise signal, and obtains the predicted noise signal F (Noise). Finally, it determines the compensated current signal (F_true) based on the predicted noise signal and the light intensity signal. The compensated current signal is the final output pure current.

[0111] In one specific embodiment, a quantum current sensor with optical noise suppression function includes a laser, a transmission module, an end face detector, a diamond sensor, a fluorescence detector, and the aforementioned disturbance compensation device applied to the quantum current sensor.

[0112] The transmission module is used to propagate the laser projected by the laser to the end face detector; the end face detector is used to capture the transmission disturbance signal in the received laser and project the received laser to the diamond sensor; the diamond sensor generates a fluorescence signal based on the received laser; and the fluorescence detector is used to receive and determine the light intensity signal of the laser transmitted by the end face detector based on the fluorescence signal.

[0113] The quantum current sensor equipped with the aforementioned disturbance compensation device for quantum current sensors can take into account environmental disturbances, the original disturbances of the laser, and the transmission disturbances of the laser, and can obtain more accurate current signals.

[0114] In the description of this specification, references to terms such as "some embodiments," "other embodiments," etc., indicate that a specific feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with that embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of this application. In this specification, the illustrative descriptions of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiments or examples.

[0115] The technical features of the above embodiments can be combined in any way. For the sake of brevity, not all possible combinations of the technical features in the above embodiments are described. However, as long as there is no contradiction in the combination of these technical features, they should be considered to be within the scope of this specification.

[0116] The embodiments described above are merely illustrative of several implementation methods of this application, and while the descriptions are specific and detailed, they should not be construed as limiting the scope of this application. It should be noted that those skilled in the art can make various modifications and improvements without departing from the concept of this application, and these modifications and improvements all fall within the protection scope of this application. Therefore, the protection scope of this application should be determined by the appended claims.

Claims

1. A disturbance compensation device for use in quantum current sensors, characterized in that, The quantum current sensor includes a laser, a transmission module, an end-face detector, a diamond sensor, and a fluorescence detector; the transmission module is used to propagate the laser light projected by the laser to the end-face detector; the end-face detector is used to capture the transmission perturbation signal in the received laser light and project the received laser light to the diamond sensor; the diamond sensor generates a fluorescence signal based on the received laser light. The fluorescence detector is used to receive and determine the light intensity signal of the laser transmitted by the end face detector based on the fluorescence signal; the disturbance compensation device includes: An environmental sensor array for detecting environmental disturbances in an external environment; wherein the environmental disturbances include temperature, noise, and radiation dose. A noise separation processor is connected to the environmental sensor array, and is also used to connect to the end face detector, the fluorescence detector and the laser respectively. The noise separation processor is used to receive and determine the compensated current signal based on the transmitted disturbance signal, the original disturbance signal output by the laser, the light intensity signal and the environmental disturbance.

2. The disturbance compensation device for a quantum current sensor according to claim 1, characterized in that, The noise separation processor is also used for: The transmission disturbance array is determined based on the transmitted disturbance signal, the original disturbance signal, and the environmental disturbance. Obtain a preset physical model; wherein the physical model includes a thermal expansion physical model, a vibration interference physical model, and a wavelength interference physical model; Based on the transmission perturbation array and the physical model, and using the following formula, the predicted noise signal is determined: F(Noise)=η·[Γ(T)·a1+Φ(V)·b1+Ψ(Rad)·c1] Wherein, F (Noise) is the predicted noise signal, η is the transmission disturbance array, Γ (T) is thermal expansion, a1 is temperature noise weight, Φ (V) is vibration interference, b1 is vibration noise weight, Ψ (Rad) is wavelength interference, and c1 is irradiation noise weight. The compensated current signal is determined based on the predicted noise signal and the light intensity signal.

3. The disturbance compensation device for a quantum current sensor according to claim 1, characterized in that, The noise separation processor is also used for: When the environmental disturbance exceeds the environmental disturbance threshold, the end face detector is controlled to operate. If the environmental disturbance is less than or equal to the environmental disturbance threshold, the end face detector is controlled to stop working.

4. The disturbance compensation device for a quantum current sensor according to claim 1, characterized in that, The environmental sensor array includes: A temperature sensor is used to detect the ambient temperature in the external environment; A noise sensor is used to detect ambient noise in the external environment. An irradiation dosimeter is used to detect the ambient radiation dose in the external environment.

5. The disturbance compensation device for a quantum current sensor according to claim 1, characterized in that, The end-face detector includes: A beam-splitting film is disposed on the light projection path of the transmission module to receive, refract, and reflect the laser beam projected by the laser, so as to project the reflected laser beam into the diamond sensor. A diode array is disposed on the light refraction path of the beam splitter, and the diode array is used to receive and generate the transmission perturbation signal based on the refracted laser light.

6. The disturbance compensation device for a quantum current sensor according to claim 5, characterized in that, The diode array is integrated into the light-emitting surface of the beam splitter.

7. The disturbance compensation device for a quantum current sensor according to claim 1, characterized in that, The fluorescence detector includes: A filter is disposed on the light projection path of the diamond sensor, and the filter is used to retain the target light in the fluorescence signal that is within a preset wavelength range; A light intensity detection device is disposed on the light projection path of the filter, and the light intensity detection device is used to receive and generate the light intensity signal according to the target light.

8. The disturbance compensation device for a quantum current sensor according to claim 7, characterized in that, The preset wavelength range is a wavelength range with 637nm as the wavelength center, fluctuating up and down by a preset value.

9. The disturbance compensation device for a quantum current sensor according to claim 1, characterized in that, The transmission module is an optical fiber transmission module.

10. A quantum current sensor with optical noise suppression function, characterized in that, It includes a laser, a transmission module, an end face detector, a diamond sensor, a fluorescence detector, and a disturbance compensation device for a quantum current sensor as described in any one of claims 1-9; The transmission module is used to propagate the laser projected by the laser to the end face detector; the end face detector is used to capture the transmission disturbance signal in the received laser and project the received laser to the diamond sensor; the diamond sensor generates a fluorescence signal based on the received laser; the fluorescence detector is used to receive and determine the light intensity signal of the laser transmitted by the end face detector according to the fluorescence signal.

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