A method, system and device for encoding and decoding multi-wave multi-component seismic data

Abstract

The present application relates to the technical field of seismic data processing, and more particularly to a multi-wave multi-component seismic data encoding and decoding method, system and device, which comprises the following steps: S1, obtaining multi-wave multi-component seismic data; S2, encoding the multi-wave multi-component seismic data obtained in S1; S3, decoding the multi-wave multi-component seismic data encoded in S2 when used; the data after encoding and iterative decoding is basically consistent with the original data, there is a certain error between the decoding data without iteration and the original data, the error of the new and old decoding data of each component gradually decreases with the increase of the number of iterations, the present application can improve the precision of the decoding data, effectively improve the confidentiality of multi-wave multi-component data, and also ensure the authenticity of the seismic data.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of seismic data processing technology, and in particular to a method, system, and apparatus for encoding and decoding multi-wave multi-component seismic data. Background Technology

[0002] Seismic data processing refers to the process of obtaining information about underground geological structures and stratigraphic properties from raw data acquired by different seismic exploration methods in the field, using petroleum geophysical computers and corresponding seismic data processing systems. The aim is to perform various processing steps on the acquired seismic data to improve the signal-to-noise ratio, resolution, and fidelity of the reflected wave data for interpretation. Traditional seismic data processing is based on P-wave seismic exploration. The detectors used in P-wave seismic exploration typically record only a single component of the seismic signal; that is, at a single detector point, only the seismic signal vibrating along the direction perpendicular to the ground surface is recorded. With the development of detectors, three-component detectors have emerged. A three-component detector has three mutually perpendicular detection devices, typically consisting of one detection device perpendicular to the horizontal plane and two detection devices in the horizontal plane but perpendicular to each other.

[0003] Multi-wave, multi-component seismic exploration in the field (on land or at sea) typically employs multiple three-component geophones to simultaneously record the vibrations caused by seismic waves at multiple geophone locations. The voltages generated by each of the three-component geophones in the X, Y, and Z directions are discretely sampled at equally spaced intervals. The analog signals are converted into digital signals, recorded, and stored on a magnetic medium. The three-component seismic signals acquired in the field are then processed and analyzed indoors. Multi-wave, multi-component seismic exploration data acquisition on the seabed typically uses four-component geophones, which are composed of a three-component geophone and a hydrophone.

[0004] Multi-wave, multi-component seismic exploration uses P-wave or S-wave sources for excitation and three-component geophones for reception. It comprehensively utilizes information from multiple seismic wavefields, including P-waves, S-waves, and converted waves, to detect subsurface geological information. This effectively reduces the ambiguity of seismic exploration results, improves the accuracy of subsurface geological exploration, and broadens the scope of our understanding of subsurface geological phenomena. However, currently, multi-wave, multi-component data is stored separately for each component, resulting in poor data confidentiality during interpretation.

[0005] Therefore, there is an urgent need to provide a method, system, and device for encoding and decoding multi-wave multi-component seismic data, which can improve the confidentiality of the data compared with existing technologies. Summary of the Invention

[0006] This invention addresses the technical problems existing in the prior art and provides a method, system, and apparatus for encoding and decoding multi-wave multi-component seismic data.

[0007] To achieve the above objectives, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is as follows:

[0008] A method for encoding and decoding multi-wave, multi-component seismic data includes the following steps:

[0009] S1. Acquire multi-wave, multi-component seismic data;

[0010] S2. Encode the multi-wave, multi-component seismic data acquired in S1;

[0011] S3. When using the data, the multi-wave multi-component seismic data encoded in step S2 is decoded, specifically including the following steps:

[0012] S301. Decode the encoded single-channel multi-component seismic data to obtain the seismic data of each component;

[0013] S302. Use the decoded data obtained in step S301 as the old decoded data to obtain new single-component encoded data;

[0014] S303. Decode the new single-component encoded data obtained in step S302 to form new single-component decoded data. Calculate the root mean square error between the new single-component decoded data and the old single-component decoded data. Compare the root mean square error with a set error value. If the root mean square error is less than or equal to the set error value, proceed to step S304. If the root mean square error is greater than the set error value, proceed to step S305.

[0015] S304, Output new decoded data;

[0016] S305. Use the new decoded data as the old decoded data, and repeat steps S302-S303 until the root mean square error value is less than or equal to the set error value.

[0017] S306. Extract the next single-channel multi-component seismic data after encoding, and repeat steps S301-S305 until the decoding of all channels of multi-component seismic data is completed.

[0018] Furthermore, in step S301, decoding is performed using the following formula:

[0019] C i =[(G i1 ×W i1 +G i1 ×W i2 +……+G i1 ×W in ) / n

[0020] ×R i1 , (G i2 ×W i1 +G i2 ×W i2 +……+Gi2 ×W in ) / n

[0021] ×R i2 , ... (G im ×W i1 +G im ×W i2 +……+G im ×W in ) / n×R im ]

[0022] In the above formula, C i G represents the decoded single-channel i-th component data. i1 G represents the seismic data of the first sampling point of the i-th component of the encoded single channel. i2 G represents the seismic data of the second sampling point of the i-th component in the encoded single channel. im R represents the seismic data of the m-th sampling point of the i-th component in the encoded single channel. i1 R represents the random code of the first sampling point of the i-th component in a single channel. i2 R represents the random code of the second sampling point of the i-th component in a single channel. im W represents the random code of the m-th sampling point of the i-th component in a single channel. i1 W represents the first Walsh code sequence assigned to the i-th component of a single channel. i2 W represents the second Walsh code sequence assigned to the i-th component of a single channel. in This represents the nth Walsh code sequence assigned to the i-th component of a single channel, where n represents the dimension of the Walsh code sequence, m represents the number of sampling points in a single channel, and i represents the component of the seismic data.

[0023] Furthermore, S302 specifically includes the following steps:

[0024] S3021. Encode the decoded data obtained in step S301 according to step S2 to obtain the encoded data corresponding to the decoded data, denoted as D11, D12, ..., D1 i ;

[0025] S3022. The new single-component encoded data is obtained according to the following formula:

[0026]

[0027] In the above formula, D21, D22, and D1 (i-1) D2 i These are the new single-component encoded data, and G represents the single-channel multi-component seismic data encoded in step S2.

[0028] Furthermore, the root mean square error between the new single-component decoded data and the old single-component decoded data in step S303 is calculated according to the following formula:

[0029] E = E1 + E2 + ... + E i

[0030] In the above formula, E represents the root mean square error (RMSE) between the new and old single-component decoded data, E1 represents the RMSE between the new and old single-component decoded data for the first component, and E2 represents the RMSE between the new and old single-component decoded data for the second component. i denoted as the root mean square error of the decoded data of the new and old single components of the i-th component.

[0031] Furthermore, E1 is specifically calculated using the following formula:

[0032]

[0033] In the above formula, C1 11 C1 represents the new decoded data of the first sample point of the first component of a single channel. 12 C1 represents the new decoded data at the second sample point of the first component of a single channel. 1m C represents the new decoded data at the m-th sample point of the first component of a single channel. 11 C represents the old decoded data of the first sample point of the first component of a single channel. 12 C represents the old decoded data of the second sample point of the first component of a single channel. 1m This represents the old decoded data of the m-th sample point of the first component of a single channel, where m represents the number of sample points in a single channel.

[0034] Furthermore, E2 is specifically calculated using the following formula:

[0035]

[0036] In the above formula, C1 21 C1 represents the new decoded data of the first sample point of the second component of a single channel. 22 C1 represents the new decoded data of the second sample point of the second component in a single channel. 2m C represents the new decoded data of the m-th sample point of the second component in a single channel. 21 C represents the old decoded data of the first sample point of the second component of a single channel. 22 C represents the old decoded data of the second sample point of the second component in a single channel. 2m This represents the old decoded data of the m-th sample point of the second component of a single channel, where m represents the number of sample points in a single channel.

[0037] Furthermore, E i Specifically, it is calculated using the following formula:

[0038]

[0039] In the above formula, C1 i1 C1 represents the new decoded data of the first sample point of the i-th component in a single channel. i2 C1 represents the new decoded data of the second sample point of the i-th component in a single channel. im C represents the new decoded data of the m-th sample point of the i-th component in a single channel. i1 C represents the old decoded data of the first sample point of the i-th component in a single channel. i2 C represents the old decoded data of the second sample point of the i-th component in a single channel. im This represents the old decoded data of the m-th sample point of the i-th component in a single channel, where m represents the number of sample points in a single channel.

[0040] Furthermore, S2 specifically includes the following steps:

[0041] S201. Determine the number of components in the multi-wave multi-component seismic data, generate Walsh codes, and make the order of the Walsh codes greater than the number of components in the multi-wave multi-component seismic data. Extract the corresponding Walsh code sequence from the Walsh codes and assign it to each component data in the multi-wave multi-component seismic data.

[0042] S202. Use a random function to generate random codes and assign the random codes to each component of the multi-wave multi-component seismic data.

[0043] S203. Extract multiple component data from the same seismic data from multi-wave multi-component seismic data, and convolve each component data of the single seismic data with its assigned Walsh code sequence and random code to obtain the coding sequence of the single channel.

[0044] S204. Based on the multiple single-channel single-component coding sequences obtained in step S203, the coded single-channel multi-component seismic data is obtained.

[0045] S205. Extract the next seismic data from the multi-wave multi-component seismic data. Repeat steps S201-S204 until all multi-component seismic data are encoded.

[0046] Furthermore, step S203 specifically obtains the single-channel encoding sequence using the following formula:

[0047] D i =[D i1 ×R i1 ×W i1 D i1 ×R i1 ×W i2 , ……, D i1 ×Ri1 ×W in D i2 ×R i2

[0048] ×W i1 D i2 ×R i2 ×W i2 , ……, D i2 ×R i2 ×W in , ……D im ×R im ×W i1 D im

[0049] ×R im ×W i2 , ……, D im ×R im ×W in ]

[0050] In the above formula, D i D represents the encoded sequence of the i-th component data in a single channel. i1 D represents the data value of the first sampling point of the i-th component in a single channel. i2 D represents the data value of the second sampling point of the i-th component in a single channel. im R represents the data value of the m-th sampling point of the i-th component in a single channel. i1 R represents the random code of the first sampling point of the i-th component in a single channel. i2 R represents the random code of the second sampling point of the i-th component in a single channel. im W represents the random code of the m-th sampling point of the i-th component in a single channel. i1 W represents the first Walsh code sequence assigned to the i-th component of a single channel. i2 W represents the second Walsh code sequence assigned to the i-th component of a single channel. in This represents the nth Walsh code sequence assigned to the i-th component of a single channel, where n represents the dimension of the Walsh code sequence, m represents the number of sampling points in a single channel, and i represents the component of the seismic data.

[0051] Furthermore, the encoded single-channel multi-component seismic data from step S204 is obtained using the following formula:

[0052] G = D1 + D2 + ... + D i

[0053] In the above formula, G represents the encoded single-channel multi-component seismic data, D1 represents the encoding sequence of the first component data of the single channel, D2 represents the encoding sequence of the second component data of the single channel, and D... i This represents the encoded sequence of the i-th component data in a single channel.

[0054] Furthermore, the walsh code in step S201 is generated through the following steps:

[0055] S2011, Construct the Hadmard matrix;

[0056] S2012. Change element 0 in the Hadmard matrix to element 1 and element 1 to element -1. The resulting matrix is ​​a Walsh code matrix.

[0057] Furthermore, the Walsh code matrix generated in step S2012 is in the following form:

[0058] W1=1

[0059]

[0060]

[0061]

[0062] In the above formula, N represents the number of components in the multi-wave multi-component data.

[0063] Furthermore, S202 specifically includes the following steps:

[0064] S2021. Use a random function to generate the first random matrix R1[m, N] distributed in the interval (0, 1), where m represents the number of sampling points of a single channel data and N is the number of components of multi-wave multi-component data.

[0065] S2022. Subtract 0.5 from each value in the first random matrix to form the second random matrix R2;

[0066] S2023. For the second random matrix, assign -1 to all values ​​less than 0 and 1 to all values ​​greater than or equal to 0, to obtain the third random matrix R3 with a two-point distribution of (-1, 1).

[0067] S2024. Extract the first N columns of random codes from the third random matrix, and assign the extracted random codes to the seismic data of each component in sequence.

[0068] Furthermore, the error value set in step S303 is 0.01.

[0069] A system using any of the above-described multi-wave multi-component seismic data encoding and decoding methods includes a first module, a second module, and a third module connected in sequence. The first module is used to execute the content described in step S1, the second module is used to execute the content described in step S2, and the third module is used to execute the content described in step S3.

[0070] A multi-wave multi-component seismic data encoding and decoding device includes a storage medium and a processor. The storage medium stores a computer program, and the processor is used to implement any of the aforementioned multi-wave multi-component seismic data encoding and decoding methods when executing the computer program.

[0071] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows:

[0072] This invention utilizes data that is essentially consistent with the original data after encoding and iterative decoding. Decoded data without iteration has a certain error compared to the original data. The error between the new and old decoded data of each component gradually decreases with the increase of the number of iterations, which can improve the accuracy of the decoded data. While effectively improving the confidentiality of multi-wave multi-component data, it also ensures the authenticity of seismic data. Attached Figure Description

[0073] Figure 1 This is a flowchart of the method of the present invention.

[0074] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of multi-wave multi-component seismic data in Embodiment 1 of the present invention.

[0075] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the signal of a single-channel, single-component seismic data encoding sequence according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention.

[0076] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the signal of single-channel multi-component seismic data encoded according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention.

[0077] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the data signal after decoding single-channel multi-component seismic data according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention.

[0078] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram showing the difference between the original multi-wave multi-component seismic data and the initially decoded seismic data in Embodiment 1 of the present invention.

[0079] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram showing the difference between the original multi-wave multi-component seismic data and the final decoded seismic data in Embodiment 1 of the present invention.

[0080] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the change of the mean square error as a function of the number of iterations in Embodiment 1 of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0081] The technical solution of the present invention will be clearly described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are not all embodiments of the present invention. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the protection scope of the present invention.

[0082] Example 1

[0083] like Figure 1 As shown, this embodiment provides a method for encoding and decoding multi-wave multi-component seismic data, including the following steps:

[0084] S1. Acquire multi-wave multi-component seismic data. Specifically, the data acquired using multi-wave multi-component seismic technology is multi-wave multi-component seismic data. The multi-wave multi-component seismic data acquired in this embodiment is as follows: Figure 2 As shown.

[0085] S2. Encode the multi-wave, multi-component seismic data acquired in S1, specifically including the following steps:

[0086] S201. Determine the number of components in the multi-wave multi-component seismic data, generate Walsh codes using the Hadmard matrix, and ensure that the order of the Walsh codes is greater than the number of components in the multi-wave multi-component seismic data. Then, extract the corresponding coding sequence from the Walsh codes and assign it to each component data in the multi-wave multi-component seismic data.

[0087] Specifically, the number of components in multi-wave multi-component seismic data is determined by the number of components in the detector. In this embodiment, the number of components in multi-wave multi-component seismic data is 3. The number of components can also be 4, 6, or 9, but is not limited to the above number of components.

[0088] More specifically, the specific process of generating walsh codes is as follows:

[0089] S2011. Construct the Hadmard matrix, in the following form:

[0090] H1 = 0

[0091]

[0092]

[0093]

[0094] In the above formula, N represents the number of components in the multi-wave multi-component seismic data.

[0095] S2012. Change element 0 in the Hadmard matrix to element 1 and element 1 to element -1. The resulting matrix is ​​the Walsh code matrix, in the following form:

[0096] W1=1

[0097]

[0098]

[0099]

[0100] Then, the first N columns of the Walsh code are extracted sequentially, and the extracted code sequences are assigned to the seismic data of each component in sequence.

[0101] S202. Generate random codes with the same sampling length and number of components as the multi-wave multi-component seismic data using a random function, and distribute the random codes to each component of the seismic data. This includes the following steps:

[0102] S2021. Use a random function to generate the first random matrix R1[m, N] distributed in the interval (0, 1), where m represents the number of sampling points of a single channel data and N is the number of components of multi-wave multi-component data.

[0103] S2022. Subtract 0.5 from each value in the first random matrix to form the second random matrix R2.

[0104] S2023. For the second random matrix, assign -1 to all values ​​less than 0 and 1 to all values ​​greater than or equal to 0, to obtain the third random matrix R3 with a two-point distribution of (-1, 1).

[0105] S2024. Extract the first N columns of random codes from the third random matrix, and assign the extracted random codes to the seismic data of each component in sequence.

[0106] S203. Extract multiple component data from the same seismic trace from multi-wave multi-component seismic data. Convolve each component data of the single-trace seismic data with its assigned Walsh code sequence and random code to obtain the coding sequence of that single trace. The coding sequence is as follows: Figure 3 As shown, specifically:

[0107] D i =[D i1 ×R i1 ×W i1 D i1 ×R i1 ×W i2 , ……, D i1 ×R i1 ×W in D i2 ×R i2

[0108] ×W i1 D i2 ×R i2 ×W i2 , ……, D i2 ×R i2 ×W in , ……D im ×R im ×Wi1 D im

[0109] ×R im ×W i2 , ……, D im ×R im ×W in ]

[0110] In the above formula, D i D represents the encoded sequence of the i-th component data in a single channel. i1 D represents the data value of the first sampling point of the i-th component in a single channel. i2 D represents the data value of the second sampling point of the i-th component in a single channel. im R represents the data value of the m-th sampling point of the i-th component in a single channel. i1 R represents the random code of the first sampling point of the i-th component in a single channel. i2 R represents the random code of the second sampling point of the i-th component in a single channel. im W represents the random code of the m-th sampling point of the i-th component in a single channel. i1 W represents the first Walsh code sequence assigned to the i-th component of a single channel. i2 W represents the second Walsh code sequence assigned to the i-th component of a single channel. in This represents the nth Walsh code sequence assigned to the i-th component of a single channel, where n represents the dimension (i.e., length) of the Walsh code sequence, m represents the number of sampling points in a single channel, and i represents the component of the seismic data. When N is 3, i takes the values ​​1, 2, or 3; when N is 4, 6, or 9, the values ​​of i can be deduced.

[0111] S204. Add the encoded sequences of multiple single-channel single-component data obtained in step S203 to obtain encoded single-channel multi-component seismic data, as shown in the figure. Figure 4 As shown, specifically:

[0112] G = D1 + D2 + ... + D i

[0113] When the number of components is 3, G is:

[0114] G = D1 + D2 + D3

[0115] In the above formula, G represents the encoded single-channel multi-component seismic data, D1 represents the encoding sequence of the first component data of the single channel, D2 represents the encoding sequence of the second component data of the single channel, D3 represents the encoding sequence of the third component data of the single channel, and D... i This represents the encoded sequence of the i-th component data in a single channel.

[0116] S205. Extract multiple component data of the next seismic data from the multi-wave multi-component seismic data, and repeat steps S201-S204 until the encoding of all multi-component seismic data is completed.

[0117] S3. When using the data, decode the multi-channel, multi-component seismic data encoded in step S2. This includes the following steps:

[0118] S301. Decode the encoded single-channel multi-component seismic data using the set method to obtain the seismic data for each component; the set method is as follows:

[0119] S3011. Multiply the encoded single-channel multi-component seismic data with the Walsh code sequence assigned to each component data, sum them up, and then divide by n.

[0120] S3012. Multiply the seismic data processed in S3011 with the assigned random code respectively to obtain the decoded data for each component.

[0121] In step S301, the decoded data is specifically calculated using the following formula:

[0122] C i =[(G i1 ×W i1 +G i1 ×W i2 +……+G i1 ×W in ) / n

[0123] ×R i1 , (G i2 ×W i1 +G i2 ×W i2 +……+G i2 ×W in ) / n

[0124] ×R i2 , ... (G im ×W i1 +G im ×W i2 +……+G im ×W in ) / n×R im ]

[0125] In the above formula, C i G represents the decoded single-channel i-th component data. i1 G represents the seismic data of the first sampling point of the i-th component of the encoded single channel. i2 G represents the seismic data of the second sampling point of the i-th component in the encoded single channel. imThis represents the seismic data of the m-th sampling point of the i-th component in the encoded single channel. The decoded data is as follows: Figure 5 As shown, the difference between the decoded data obtained in this step and the original multi-wave multi-component seismic data is as follows: Figure 6 As shown.

[0126] S302. Based on the decoded data obtained in step S301, new single-component encoded data is obtained, specifically as follows:

[0127] S3021. Encode the decoded data obtained in step S301 according to the method described in step S203 to obtain the encoded data corresponding to the decoded data, denoted as D11, D12, ..., D1 i When there are three components, the encoded data corresponding to the decoded data are denoted as D11, D12, and D13.

[0128] S3022. The new single-component encoded data is obtained according to the following formula:

[0129]

[0130] When there are three components, the new single-component encoded data is:

[0131] D21 = G - D12 - D13

[0132] D22=G-D11-D13

[0133] D23 = G - D11 - D12

[0134] In the above formula, D21, D22, D23, and D1 (i-1) D2 i These represent the new single-component coded data, and G represents the coded single-channel multi-component seismic data.

[0135] S303. Decode the new single-component encoded data obtained in step S302 to form new single-component decoded data, denoted as C11, C12, and C13. Calculate the root mean square error (RMSE) between the new and old single-component decoded data, where the old data is the decoded data obtained in step S301. Compare the RMSE with a set error value. If the RMSE is less than or equal to the set error value, proceed to step S304; if the RMSE is greater than the set error value, proceed to step S305. The RMSE between the new and old single-component decoded data is calculated using the following formula:

[0136]

[0137]

[0138]

[0139] E = E1 + E2 + ... + E i

[0140] When there are three components, the root mean square error between the new single-component decoded data and the old single-component decoded data is calculated according to the following formula:

[0141]

[0142]

[0143]

[0144] E = E1 + E2 + E3

[0145] In the above formula, E represents the root mean square error (RMSE) between the new and old single-component decoded data, E1 represents the RMSE between the new and old single-component decoded data for the first component, E2 represents the RMSE between the new and old single-component decoded data for the second component, and E3 represents the RMSE between the new and old single-component decoded data for the third component. i C1 represents the root mean square error of the decoded data of the new and old single components of the i-th component. 11 C1 represents the new decoded data of the first sample point of the first component of a single channel. 12 C1 represents the new decoded data at the second sample point of the first component of a single channel. 1m C1 represents the new decoded data of the m-th sample point of the first component of a single channel. 21 C1 represents the new decoded data of the first sample point of the second component of a single channel. 22 C1 represents the new decoded data of the second sample point of the second component in a single channel. 2m C1 represents the new decoded data of the m-th sample point of the second component in a single channel. 31 C1 represents the new decoded data of the first sample point of the third component of a single channel. 32 C1 represents the new decoded data of the second sample point of the third component in a single channel. 3m C represents the new decoded data of the m-th sample point of the 3rd component in a single channel. 11 C represents the old decoded data of the first sample point of the first component of a single channel. 12 C represents the old decoded data of the second sample point of the first component of a single channel. 1m C represents the old decoded data of the m-th sample point of the first component of a single channel. 21 C represents the old decoded data of the first sample point of the second component of a single channel. 22 C represents the old decoded data of the second sample point of the second component in a single channel. 2m C represents the old decoded data of the m-th sample point of the second component in a single channel.31 C represents the old decoded data of the first sample point of the third component of a single channel. 32 C represents the old decoded data of the second sample point of the third component in a single channel. 3m C1 represents the old decoded data of the m-th sample point of the 3rd component in a single channel. i1 C1 represents the new decoded data of the first sample point of the i-th component in a single channel. i2 C1 represents the new decoded data of the second sample point of the i-th component in a single channel. im C represents the new decoded data of the m-th sample point of the i-th component in a single channel. i1 C represents the old decoded data of the first sample point of the i-th component in a single channel. i2 C represents the old decoded data of the second sample point of the i-th component in a single channel. im This represents the old decoded data of the m-th sample point of the i-th component in a single channel.

[0146] The error value is set to 0.01.

[0147] S304, Output new decoded data C11, C12, ..., C1 i When there are three components, the new decoded data output is C11, C12, and C13.

[0148] S305, transfer the new decoded data C11, C12, ..., C1 i As old decoded data, repeat steps S302-S303 until the root mean square error value is less than or equal to the set error value.

[0149] The difference between the final decoded data and the original multi-wave multi-component seismic data is as follows: Figure 7 As shown.

[0150] S306. Extract the next single-channel multi-component seismic data after encoding, and repeat steps S301-S305 until all channels of multi-component seismic data are decoded.

[0151] like Figure 6 , Figure 7 As shown, the data after encoding and iterative decoding is basically consistent with the original data. However, the decoded data without iteration has a certain error compared to the original data. Meanwhile, as... Figure 8 The results show that the errors of the new and old decoded data for each component gradually decrease with the increase of the number of iterations, indicating that the method can improve the accuracy of the decoded data. While effectively improving the confidentiality of multi-wave multi-component data, it also ensures the authenticity of the seismic data.

[0152] Example 2

[0153] This embodiment provides a multi-wave multi-component seismic data encoding and decoding system, including a first module, a second module, and a third module, which are connected in sequence. The first module is used to execute the content of step S1 in embodiment 1, the second module is used to execute the content of step S2 in embodiment 1, and the third module is used to execute the content of step S3 in embodiment 1.

[0154] Example 3

[0155] This embodiment provides a multi-wave multi-component seismic data encoding and decoding device, including a storage medium and a processor. The storage medium stores a computer program, and the processor is used to implement the multi-wave multi-component seismic data encoding and decoding method provided in Embodiment 1 when executing the computer program.

[0156] Finally, it should be noted that the above content is only used to illustrate the technical solution of the present invention, and is not intended to limit the scope of protection of the present invention. Simple modifications or equivalent substitutions made by those skilled in the art to the technical solution of the present invention do not depart from the essence and scope of the technical solution of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method of encoding and decoding multi-wave multi-component seismic data, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: S1. Acquire multi-wave, multi-component seismic data; S2. Encode the multi-wave, multi-component seismic data acquired in S1; S3. When using the data, the multi-wave multi-component seismic data encoded in step S2 is decoded, specifically including the following steps: S301. Decode the encoded single-channel multi-component seismic data to obtain the seismic data of each component; S302. Use the decoded data obtained in step S301 as the old decoded data to obtain new single-component encoded data; specifically, this includes the following steps: S3021. Encode the decoded data obtained in step S301 according to step S2 to obtain the encoded data corresponding to the decoded data, denoted as . , ; S3022. The new single-component encoded data is obtained according to the following formula: In the above formula, , , , These are the new single-component encoded data, and G represents the single-channel multi-component seismic data encoded in step S2. S303. Decode the new single-component encoded data obtained in step S302 to form new single-component decoded data. Calculate the root mean square error between the new single-component decoded data and the old single-component decoded data. Compare the root mean square error with a set error value. If the root mean square error is less than or equal to the set error value, proceed to step S304. If the root mean square error is greater than the set error value, proceed to step S305. S304, Output new decoded data; S305. Use the new decoded data as the old decoded data, and repeat steps S302-S303 until the root mean square error value is less than or equal to the set error value. S306. Extract the next single-channel multi-component seismic data after encoding, and repeat steps S301-S305 until the decoding of all channels of multi-component seismic data is completed.

2. The multi-wave multi-component seismic data encoding and decoding method according to claim 1, characterized in that, In step S301, decoding is performed using the following formula: In the above formula, This represents the decoded single-channel i-th component data. This represents the seismic data of the first sampling point of the i-th component in the encoded single channel. This represents the seismic data of the second sampling point of the i-th component in the encoded single channel. This represents the seismic data of the m-th sampling point of the i-th component in a single channel after encoding. This represents the random code of the first sampling point of the i-th component in a single channel. This represents the random code of the second sampling point of the i-th component in a single channel. This represents the random code of the m-th sampling point of the i-th component in a single channel. This represents the first Walsh code sequence assigned to the i-th component of a single channel. This represents the second Walsh code sequence assigned to the i-th component of a single channel. This represents the nth Walsh code sequence assigned to the i-th component of a single channel, where n represents the dimension of the Walsh code sequence, m represents the number of sampling points in a single channel, and i represents the component of the seismic data.

3. The multi-wave multi-component seismic data encoding and decoding method according to claim 1, characterized in that, In step S303, the root mean square error between the new and old single-component decoded data is calculated using the following formula: In the above formula, E represents the root mean square error between the new single-component decoded data and the old single-component decoded data. This represents the root mean square error of the decoded data of the new and old single components in the first component. This represents the root mean square error of the decoded data of the new and old single components in the second component. denoted as the root mean square error of the new and old single-component decoded data of the i-th component, where i represents the component of the seismic data.

4. The multi-wave multi-component seismic data encoding and decoding method according to claim 3, characterized in that, Specifically, it is calculated using the following formula: In the above formula, This represents the new decoded data of the first sample point of the first component of a single channel. This represents the new decoded data at the second sample point of the first component in a single channel. This represents the new decoded data at the m-th sample point of the first component of a single channel. This represents the old decoded data of the first sample point of the first component of a single channel. This represents the old decoded data at the second sample point of the first component of a single channel. This represents the old decoded data of the m-th sample point of the first component of a single channel, where m represents the number of sample points in a single channel.

5. The multi-wave multi-component seismic data encoding and decoding method according to claim 3, characterized in that, Specifically, it is calculated using the following formula: In the above formula, This represents the new decoded data of the first sample point of the second component in a single channel. This represents the new decoded data at the second sample point of the second component in a single channel. This represents the new decoded data at the m-th sample point of the second component in a single channel. This represents the old decoded data of the first sample point of the second component in a single channel. This represents the old decoded data of the second sample point of the second component in a single channel. This represents the old decoded data of the m-th sample point of the second component of a single channel, where m represents the number of sample points in a single channel.

6. The multi-wave multi-component seismic data encoding and decoding method according to claim 3, characterized in that, Specifically, it is calculated using the following formula: In the above formula, This represents the new decoded data of the first sample point of the i-th component in a single channel. This represents the new decoded data at the second sample point of the i-th component in a single channel. This represents the new decoded data at the m-th sample point of the i-th component in a single channel. This represents the old decoded data of the first sample point of the i-th component in a single channel. This represents the old decoded data of the second sample point of the i-th component in a single channel. This represents the old decoded data of the m-th sample point of the i-th component in a single channel, where m represents the number of sample points in a single channel.

7. The multi-wave multi-component seismic data encoding and decoding method according to claim 1, characterized in that, S2 specifically includes the following steps: S201. Determine the number of components in the multi-wave multi-component seismic data, generate Walsh codes, and make the order of the Walsh codes greater than the number of components in the multi-wave multi-component seismic data. Extract the corresponding Walsh code sequence from the Walsh codes and assign it to each component data in the multi-wave multi-component seismic data. S202. Use a random function to generate random codes and assign the random codes to each component of the multi-wave multi-component seismic data. S203. Extract multiple component data from the same seismic data from multi-wave multi-component seismic data, and convolve each component data of the single seismic data with its assigned Walsh code sequence and random code to obtain the coding sequence of the single channel. S204. Based on the multiple single-channel single-component coding sequences obtained in step S203, the coded single-channel multi-component seismic data is obtained. S205. Extract the next seismic data from the multi-wave multi-component seismic data. Repeat steps S201-S204 until all multi-component seismic data are encoded.

8. A method for encoding and decoding multi-wave multi-component seismic data according to claim 7, characterized in that, Step S203 specifically obtains the single-channel encoding sequence using the following formula: In the above formula, This represents the encoded sequence of the i-th component data in a single channel. This represents the data value of the first sampling point of the i-th component in a single channel. This represents the data value of the second sampling point of the i-th component in a single channel. This represents the data value of the m-th sampling point of the i-th component in a single channel. This represents the random code of the first sampling point of the i-th component in a single channel. This represents the random code of the second sampling point of the i-th component in a single channel. This represents the random code of the m-th sampling point of the i-th component in a single channel. This represents the first Walsh code sequence assigned to the i-th component of a single channel. This represents the second Walsh code sequence assigned to the i-th component of a single channel. This represents the nth Walsh code sequence assigned to the i-th component of a single channel, where n represents the dimension of the Walsh code sequence, m represents the number of sampling points in a single channel, and i represents the component of the seismic data.

9. A method for encoding and decoding multi-wave multi-component seismic data according to claim 8, characterized in that, The encoded single-channel multi-component seismic data in step S204 is obtained using the following formula: In the above formula, G represents the encoded single-channel multi-component seismic data. This represents the encoded sequence of the first component data in a single channel. This represents the encoded sequence of the second component data in a single channel. This represents the encoded sequence of the i-th component data in a single channel.

10. A method for encoding and decoding multi-wave multi-component seismic data according to claim 7, characterized in that, In step S201, the walsh code is generated through the following steps: S2011, Construct the Hadmard matrix; S2012. Change element 0 in the Hadmard matrix to element 1 and element 1 to element -1. The resulting matrix is ​​a Walsh code matrix.

11. A method for encoding and decoding multi-wave multi-component seismic data according to claim 10, characterized in that, The Walsh code matrix generated in step S2012 is in the following form: In the above formula, N represents the number of components in the multi-wave multi-component data.

12. A multi-wave, multi-component seismic data encoding and decoding method according to claim 7, characterized in that, S202 specifically includes the following steps: S2021. Generate a first random matrix R1 distributed in the interval (0, 1) using a random function. , where m represents the number of sampling points for a single channel of data, and N is the number of components for multi-wave multi-component data; S2022. Subtract 0.5 from each value in the first random matrix to form the second random matrix R2; S2023. For the second random matrix, assign -1 to all values ​​less than 0 and 1 to all values ​​greater than or equal to 0, to obtain the third random matrix R3 with a two-point distribution of (-1, 1). S2024. Extract the first N columns of random codes from the third random matrix, and assign the extracted random codes to the seismic data of each component in sequence.

13. The multi-wave multi-component seismic data encoding and decoding method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The error value set in step S303 is 0.

01.

14. A system using the multi-wave multi-component seismic data encoding and decoding method according to any one of claims 1-13, characterized in that, It includes a first module, a second module, and a third module connected in sequence. The first module is used to execute the content described in step S1, the second module is used to execute the content described in step S2, and the third module is used to execute the content described in step S3.

15. A multi-wave, multi-component seismic data encoding and decoding device, characterized in that: The method includes a storage medium and a processor, wherein the storage medium stores a computer program, and the processor is configured to implement the multi-wave multi-component seismic data encoding and decoding method as described in any one of claims 1-13 when executing the computer program.

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