Receiving method and system with multipath complex coupling suppression efficiency

Abstract

The invention provides a receiving method and system with multipath complex coupling suppression efficiency. The receiving system comprises a receiving balance converter, a first high-power fast-response suppression module, a second high-power fast-response suppression module, a high-suppression differential band-pass module, a first low-noise amplifier, a second low-noise amplifier, a rear-end system and a shielding case. According to the invention, the current situation that the protection efficiency is limited when the current receiving system uses a single protection method, and a narrow-band high-power front door coupling damage signal and a broadband / ultra-broadband outer rear door coupling interference signal cannot be considered at the same time is solved, and the comprehensive protection of the receiving system against strong electromagnetic interference attack in a normal working state is realized.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application belongs to the field of electromagnetic compatibility technology, specifically relating to a receiving method and system with multi-path complex coupling suppression performance. Background Technology

[0002] With the rapid development of modern electronic technology, various types of strong electromagnetic radiation sources (narrowband, broadband, and ultra-wideband) have been widely used, which has greatly promoted the performance improvement of electronic equipment such as communication and radar. However, this widespread application has also brought severe electromagnetic protection challenges, especially in receiving systems (such as communication equipment and radar equipment), where electromagnetic interference problems are becoming increasingly prominent.

[0003] Current receiving systems primarily face two categories of coupling threats. The first is front-door coupling, where narrowband high-power electromagnetic pulses within the operating frequency band can enter the system through the receiving antenna and directly affect the low-noise amplifier (LNA) after passing through the filter. These high-power electromagnetic pulses are extremely destructive, easily causing LNA burnout and ultimately rendering the receiving system inoperable. The second is back-door coupling, where broadband or ultra-wideband strong electromagnetic signals enter the transmission cable between the antenna and filter via field coupling, causing cumulative damage or interference to the back-end circuitry. Although these interference signals may have relatively low power, their broadband or ultra-wideband characteristics allow them to penetrate traditional filter protection, causing long-term cumulative damage or interference to the back-end circuitry, affecting the stability and reliability of the receiving system.

[0004] Existing technologies present significant challenges and shortcomings in addressing these two types of coupling threats. For high-power signals entering through the antenna, receiving systems currently rely primarily on clipping technology for protection. However, the protective effectiveness of clipping technology is limited, especially in higher-intensity electromagnetic environments, where clippers are prone to overload failure and cannot provide effective protection. For external signals coupled into the receiving system via cables, while traditional two-port filters offer some attenuation for out-of-band signals, their attenuation effect is very limited for externally coupled signals with frequencies within the filter's passband. These signals often penetrate the filter's protection, causing interference or damage to downstream circuitry. Furthermore, while adding separate protective devices can improve the receiving system's protection capability to some extent, it also increases system complexity and debugging difficulty, hindering miniaturization and integrated design.

[0005] Therefore, developing a receiving method and system that can effectively address the electromagnetic protection challenges posed by front-door coupling and back-door coupling paths, while maintaining system simplicity and reliability, has become an urgent problem to be solved in the field of electromagnetic compatibility technology. Summary of the Invention

[0006] In view of the current situation where the protection effectiveness of receiving systems using a single protection method is limited and cannot simultaneously cover narrowband high-power front door coupling damage signals and broadband / ultra-wideband external rear door coupling interference signals, this application aims to provide a receiving method and system with multi-path complex coupling suppression effectiveness, which can realize the systematic protection of the receiving system against strong electromagnetic complex environments.

[0007] To achieve the above-mentioned technical effects, this application mainly adopts the following technical solutions:

[0008] In one aspect of this application, a receiving system with multipath complex coupling suppression performance is provided, comprising:

[0009] A receiver-balanced converter is used to convert an input electromagnetic signal into two power signals with half the amplitude and 180° out of phase.

[0010] The first high-power fast response suppression module and the second high-power fast response suppression module have their input terminals connected to the output terminal of the receiving balanced converter. Based on the standing wave effect triggering and fast conduction design, they perform nonlinear adaptive suppression of the input signal.

[0011] The high-suppression differential bandpass module has its input connected to the output of the first high-power fast-response suppression module and the second high-power fast-response suppression module, and is used to suppress in-band interference signals in phase.

[0012] The first low-noise amplifier and the second low-noise amplifier have their input terminals connected to the output terminal of the high-suppression differential bandpass module, and are used to amplify the effective signal with low noise.

[0013] The back-end system has its input end connected to the output ends of the first and second low-noise amplifiers, and is used to perform down-conversion, filtering, amplification, and complex signal acquisition and processing on the received signals.

[0014] In one implementation, the receiving balanced converter adopts a single-input dual-output system, which realizes the conversion of a single input signal into two signals with a phase difference of 180° through a power distribution network, and the amplitudes of the two signals are equal.

[0015] In one embodiment, the transient response time of the first high-power fast response suppression module and the second high-power fast response suppression module is less than 4ns, the peak pulse power that can be withstood is not less than 1MW, and the operating frequency band is consistent with the receiving balanced converter.

[0016] In one embodiment, the high-suppression differential bandpass module consists of a high-low impedance structure, a U-shaped microstrip-slot conversion structure, an L-shaped microstrip-slot conversion structure, and a defect ground structure, and has two operating modes: in-phase input and 180° phase difference input.

[0017] In one embodiment, the U-shaped microstrip-slot line conversion structure is orthogonally arranged; the L-shaped microstrip-slot line structure is a bent design; and the defective structure is etched on the bottom layer of the substrate.

[0018] In one embodiment, both the first low-noise amplifier and the second low-noise amplifier adopt a hybrid topology of a first-stage balanced amplification unit and a subsequent cascaded amplification unit, and the first low-noise amplifier and the second low-noise amplifier use the same circuit topology and performance parameters.

[0019] In one embodiment, the receiving system further includes a shielded housing, wherein the receiving balanced converter, the first high-power fast response suppression module, and the second high-power fast response module are exposed outside the shielded housing, while the high-suppression differential bandpass module, the first low-noise amplifier, the second low-noise amplifier, and the back-end system are located inside the shielded housing.

[0020] In another aspect of this application, a receiving method with multipath complex coupling suppression performance is provided, comprising the following steps:

[0021] Electromagnetic signals are received by a balanced converter and converted into two differential signals with half the amplitude and a 180° phase difference.

[0022] The two differential signals are respectively input to the first high-power fast response suppression module and the second high-power fast response suppression module for nonlinear adaptive suppression;

[0023] The suppressed two signals are input to the high-suppression differential bandpass module for bandpass filtering and differential mode processing, in which the in-phase signal is significantly attenuated and the out-of-phase signal is passed through with low loss.

[0024] The two signals output from the high suppression differential bandpass module are amplified with low noise by the first low noise amplifier and the second low noise amplifier, respectively.

[0025] The amplified signal is input to the back-end system for down-conversion, filtering, amplification, and signal processing;

[0026] The high-power fast-response suppression module, bandpass filtering, amplification, and processing steps are performed within a shielded enclosure with a shielding effectiveness of over 50dB.

[0027] In one implementation, the method suppresses narrowband strong electromagnetic signals through a four-stage attenuation mechanism, including:

[0028] The first attenuation of the receiver is received by the balancing converter;

[0029] The second attenuation of the high-power fast-response suppression module;

[0030] The third attenuation of the high-suppression differential bandpass module;

[0031] The fourth attenuation in the balanced design of the low-noise amplifier.

[0032] The beneficial effects of this application are as follows:

[0033] 1. The receiving method and system described in this application, which has multi-path complex coupling suppression performance, achieves four-level attenuation of narrowband strong electromagnetic signals through four steps: receiving balanced converter, high-power fast response suppression module, high suppression differential bandpass module and low noise amplifier. This solves the problem that the single-level protection performance of existing receiving systems that rely solely on amplitude limiting technology is limited, and achieves a significant improvement in front-door protection capability.

[0034] 2. The receiving method and system described in this application, which has multi-path complex coupling suppression performance, can convert external electromagnetic signals that enter the operating frequency of the receiving system through coupling into in-phase signals, and achieve high-performance suppression of in-band and out-of-band signals through a high-suppression differential bandpass module, thus solving the problem that existing bandpass filters have almost no protection effect against external in-band interference signals.

[0035] 3. The receiving method and system described in this application, which has multi-path complex coupling suppression performance, takes into account the protection requirements of the receiving system against narrowband high-power front door coupling damage signals and broadband / ultra-wideband external back door coupling interference signals. At the same time, by converting the normal working signal into a co-phase signal, the receiving system achieves comprehensive protection against strong electromagnetic interference attacks under normal working conditions. Moreover, the system is an integrated design, which reduces complexity and debugging difficulty and is conducive to miniaturization. Attached Figure Description

[0036] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of a receiving system with multipath complex coupling suppression performance according to an embodiment of this application;

[0037] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the high-power fast-response suppression module in an embodiment of this application;

[0038] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the high suppression differential bandpass module structure in an embodiment of this application;

[0039] Figure 4 This is the attenuation curve of the receiving system for normal operating signals and externally coupled signals in the embodiments of this application;

[0040] Figure 5 The image shows the response curve of the receiving system in this application to a narrowband strong electromagnetic signal.

[0041] In the diagram, 1-Receiver balanced converter, 2-First high-power fast response suppression module, 3-Second high-power fast response suppression module, 4-High suppression differential bandpass module, 5-First low-noise amplifier, 6-Second low-noise amplifier, 7-Back-end system, 8-Shielded enclosure. Detailed Implementation

[0042] The technical solution of this application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to specific embodiments. However, those skilled in the art will understand that the embodiments described below are only some embodiments of this application, not all embodiments, and are only used to illustrate this application, and should not be regarded as limiting the scope of this application. Based on the embodiments in this application, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of this application.

[0043] In one embodiment, reference is made to Figure 1 The present invention provides a receiving system with multipath complex coupling suppression performance. The receiving system includes a receiving balanced converter 1, a first high-power fast response suppression module 2, a second high-power fast response suppression module 3, a high-suppression differential bandpass module 4, a first low-noise amplifier 5, a second low-noise amplifier 6, and a back-end system 7.

[0044] Specifically, when the normal operating signal arrives, it is received by the balanced converter 1 and formed into two signals with a phase difference of 180°. These signals enter the first high-power fast response suppression module 2 and the second high-power fast response suppression module 3, respectively. The two outputs enter the high-suppression differential bandpass module 4. The two outputs of the high-suppression differential bandpass module 4 are amplified by the first low-noise amplifier 5 and the second low-noise amplifier 6, respectively, and then enter the back-end system 7 to complete the processing task.

[0045] The receiving system attenuates the incoming narrowband strong electromagnetic signal four times. The receiving balanced converter 1 attenuates the strong electromagnetic signal for the first time; then it is split into two paths and enters the first high-power fast response suppression module 2 and the second high-power fast response suppression module 3 respectively. Each high-power fast response suppression module attenuates the signal for the second time; then it enters the high-suppression differential bandpass module 4, which attenuates the signal for the third time by relying on the passband insertion loss; the two outputs are connected to the first low-noise amplifier 5 and the second low-noise amplifier 6 respectively. Both the first and second low-noise amplifiers 6 adopt a hybrid design of first-stage balanced and subsequent cascaded stages. The first-stage balanced design attenuates the signal power for the fourth time.

[0046] The receiving balanced converter 1 adopts a single-input dual-output system, which converts the incoming electromagnetic signal power signal into two power signals with half the amplitude and half the phase difference of the two signals, and outputs them to the first high-power fast response suppression module 2 and the second high-power fast response suppression module 3.

[0047] For the desired operating signal, the receiving balanced converter 1 generates a 180° phase difference signal pair. For out-of-band or in-band interference (usually in common-mode form, i.e., the two lines are in phase) that enters the receiving channel through spatial coupling, the receiving balanced converter 1 converts it into two signals with the same phase.

[0048] When the electromagnetic signal enters the receiving balancing converter 1, its power is evenly distributed to the two output branches through an internal power distribution network (such as a Wilkinson power divider). Specifically, in the power distribution network, the input signal first passes through a transmission line of a specific length (the length of which is determined according to the signal frequency) and is then distributed to two parallel branches. Each branch contains an impedance transformation network to transform the impedance of the transmission line to match the load impedance, thereby achieving efficient power transmission and distribution. By precisely designing and adjusting the component parameters in the power distribution network, it can be ensured that the power amplitude of the two output signals is accurately halved.

[0049] Inside the balanced receiver converter 1, the phase difference between the two signals can be achieved by designing transmission lines of different lengths. For example, by adding a half-wavelength transmission line to one output branch while keeping the other output branch at its original length, the two signals will have a 180° phase difference when they reach the output port. Furthermore, phase delay elements, such as phase shifters, can be used to precisely control the phase relationship between the two signals.

[0050] The first high-power fast-response suppression module 2 and the second high-power fast-response suppression module 3 are connected to the output of the receiving balanced converter 1 at their input terminals. Based on the standing wave effect triggering and fast conduction design, they perform nonlinear adaptive suppression of the input signal. Specifically, when the amplitude of the input electromagnetic signal exceeds a preset threshold, the nonlinear element in the module is triggered to conduct within less than 4ns, forming a low-impedance path, so that the high-power interference energy exceeding the threshold is suppressed through the reflection standing wave effect or absorption / bypass path.

[0051] In some embodiments, the nonlinear element is selected from at least one of a PIN diode, a gas discharge tube, or a dedicated limiting integrated circuit. The preset threshold corresponds to protection against transient power exceeding 1 MW.

[0052] The first high-power fast response suppression module 2 and the second high-power fast response suppression module 3 have the same structure and performance parameters. Meanwhile, to ensure that the suppression modules can effectively suppress the input signal throughout the entire operating frequency band and avoid problems such as reduced suppression effect or failure due to frequency band mismatch, the operating frequency bands of the first high-power fast response suppression module 2 and the second high-power fast response suppression module 3 are consistent with those of the receiver balanced converter 1.

[0053] In some embodiments, the first high-power fast response suppression module 2 and the second high-power fast response suppression module 3 are specifically structurally composed as follows: Figure 2 As shown, the system consists of an input interface, capacitors, inductors, a first-stage solid-state device, a second-stage solid-state device, a third-stage solid-state device, a filter chip, and an output interface. The input interface receives external signals. Capacitor 1 is directly connected to the input interface for initial high-frequency filtering or DC blocking. The first-stage solid-state device is connected to capacitor 1 as a first-stage transient suppression unit. Inductor 1 is connected to the first-stage solid-state device to provide inductive impedance. The second-stage solid-state device is connected to inductor 1 as a second-stage transient suppression unit. Capacitor 2 is connected to the second-stage solid-state device for mid-frequency filtering or energy buffering. The third-stage solid-state device is connected to capacitor 2 as a third-stage transient suppression unit. The filter chip is connected to the third-stage solid-state device for fine filtering. The output interface is connected to the filter chip to output the processed clean signal. Through this cascaded structure, each stage of the components progressively filters or suppresses interference.

[0054] In this design, the three solid-state devices (Level 1, Level 2, and Level 3) are physically spaced equally, with an equivalent electrical length of 1 / 4 wavelength of the "high-power front-door coupled signal." This 1 / 4 wavelength spacing ensures specific impedance matching and phase relationships on the PCB or microstrip line. For example, when a specific frequency interference signal (such as front-door coupled RF interference) passes through, the 1 / 4 wavelength spacing results in a 90-degree phase difference between the signal and the three devices, achieving impedance transformation and effectively reflecting or absorbing the energy of that frequency. The three devices work together as a band-stop filter to suppress the wavelength range of the "high-power front-door coupled signal," improving overall suppression efficiency.

[0055] The input terminal of the high-suppression differential bandpass module 4 is connected to the output terminals of the first high-power fast-response suppression module 2 and the second high-power fast-response suppression module 3, and is used to suppress in-band interference signals in phase.

[0056] Specifically, the high-suppression differential bandpass module 4 operates in the same frequency band as the receiving balanced converter 1, so as to effectively avoid the problem of signal distortion or reduced suppression effect caused by frequency band mismatch. This allows the module to accurately suppress in-phase interference signals in a specific frequency band without affecting the normal transmission of other useful signals.

[0057] In some embodiments, reference is made to Figure 3As shown, the high-suppression differential bandpass module 4 consists of a high-low impedance structure, a U-shaped microstrip-slot conversion structure, an L-shaped microstrip-slot conversion structure, and a defect ground structure. The high-low impedance structure features a periodically varying microstrip linewidth, forming a distributed filter to control the passband bandwidth. The U-shaped microstrip-slot conversion structure is orthogonally arranged (the microstrip line and the underlying slot overlap perpendicularly), achieving electric field coupling and impedance matching. The L-shaped microstrip-slot structure has a bent design, which reduces the miniaturization of the high-suppression differential bandpass module 4. Both the U-shaped and L-shaped microstrip-slot conversion structures exhibit significant attenuation under in-phase input and no attenuation under a 180° phase difference input through electric-magnetic wall distribution characteristics. The defect ground structure is etched onto the bottom layer of the substrate, enhancing the bandpass characteristics of the high-suppression differential bandpass module 4.

[0058] When the receiver needs to process differential signals, the high-suppression differential bandpass module 4 maintains a 180° phase difference transmission. When in-phase interference (such as antenna coupling noise) intrudes, the high-suppression differential bandpass module 4 activates in-band notch filtering to protect the receiver.

[0059] In-phase interference signal suppression mode: When the two input signals are in phase (such as in-phase common-mode noise or residual interference from the previous stage), the U-shaped microstrip-slot line conversion structure and the L-shaped microstrip-slot conversion structure in the high-suppression differential bandpass module 4 couple the in-phase signal energy to the bottom slot, causing it to be significantly attenuated in the form of radiation loss or ground loop consumption; at the same time, the defect ground structure etched on the bottom layer of the substrate forms a high-impedance resonant point in the target suppression frequency band (such as the high-power front door coupling interference point) by disturbing the ground plane current, reflecting the in-phase signal; at the same time, the significant insertion loss introduced by the high and low impedance structures to the in-phase signal, together with each other, makes the in-phase signal deeply suppressed.

[0060] 180° Phase Difference Signal Transmission Mode: When the input is a useful differential signal with a phase difference of 180°, the orthogonal bending design of the U-shaped microstrip-slot conversion structure and the L-shaped microstrip-slot conversion structure maintains the odd-mode transmission characteristics, enabling the differential signal to form a balanced electric field on the microstrip line, effectively preventing energy leakage to the slot; the defective ground structure has minimal disturbance to the ground current of the differential mode, and its resonant point is offset, maintaining low insertion loss in the passband; at the same time, the high and low impedance lines optimize the phase consistency of the signal, ensuring that the differential signal can pass through the module with extremely low attenuation and without distortion.

[0061] The input terminals of the first low-noise amplifier 5 and the second low-noise amplifier 6 are connected to the output terminal of the high-suppression differential bandpass module 4, and are used to amplify the effective signal with low noise.

[0062] In the signal processing chain, after the high-suppression differential bandpass module 4 performs in-band suppression processing on the in-phase interference signal, most of the in-phase interference signal has been effectively filtered out, but the signal strength may be weakened due to the suppression process. At this time, the effective signal output from the high-suppression differential bandpass module 4 is amplified by the first low-noise amplifier 5 and the second low-noise amplifier 6 to improve the signal power level, facilitating further processing and analysis of the signal by subsequent circuits.

[0063] Specifically, the first low-noise amplifier 5 and the second low-noise amplifier 6 use the same circuit topology and performance parameters. This ensures that the two amplifiers provide similar and stable performance when amplifying signals, resulting in better consistency and comparability between the two amplified signals, laying the foundation for subsequent signal processing.

[0064] The operating frequency bands of the first low-noise amplifier 5 and the second low-noise amplifier 6 cover the operating frequency band of the receiving balanced converter 1. This ensures that all valid signals output from the receiving balanced converter 1 can be amplified, preventing signal loss or poor processing results due to frequency band mismatch.

[0065] Both the first low-noise amplifier 5 and the second low-noise amplifier 6 adopt a hybrid design of first-stage balanced and subsequent cascaded stages.

[0066] Employing a balanced structure in the first stage improves the amplifier's input-output impedance matching performance, reduces signal reflections at the input and output terminals, and thus increases signal transmission efficiency. Simultaneously, the balanced structure effectively suppresses common-mode noise and interference, enhances the amplifier's immunity to environmental noise, and improves the signal-to-noise ratio. For example, in some balanced amplifier designs, a balun is used to convert between single-ended and differential signals to accommodate different signal input and output requirements.

[0067] After the first stage of balanced amplification, multiple amplification stages are connected. This cascading approach further increases the overall amplifier gain, meeting the requirement for sufficient signal amplification. Furthermore, the subsequent cascading designs allow for individual optimization of the parameters of each amplifier stage according to specific performance requirements. For example, the gain distribution and noise performance of each stage can be adjusted to achieve optimal overall amplifier performance. For instance, low-noise performance can be prioritized in the pre-stages, while gain enhancement can be emphasized in the subsequent stages, thus achieving a higher signal amplification factor while maintaining signal quality.

[0068] The input terminal of the back-end system 7 is connected to the output terminals of the first low-noise amplifier 5 and the second low-noise amplifier 6, and is used to perform down-conversion, filtering, amplification and complex signal acquisition processing on the received signal.

[0069] The operating frequency of the back-end system 7 is consistent with the operating frequency band of the receiving antenna. This ensures that the signal received from the receiving antenna can enter the back-end system 7 for processing completely and accurately, improving the stability and reliability of the system and reducing problems such as signal reflection and interference caused by frequency mismatch.

[0070] In some embodiments, reference is made to Figure 1 As shown, the receiving system further includes a shielded housing 8. The receiving balanced converter 1, the first high-power fast-response suppression module 2, and the second high-power fast-response module are exposed outside the shielded housing 8, while the high-suppression differential bandpass module 4, the first low-noise amplifier 5, the second low-noise amplifier 6, and the back-end system 7 are housed inside the shielded housing 8. Preferably, the shielded housing 8 has a shielding capability of more than 50 dB against external electromagnetic signals.

[0071] In another embodiment, a receiving method with multipath complex coupling suppression performance is provided, comprising the following steps:

[0072] Electromagnetic signals are received by a balanced converter and converted into two differential signals with half the amplitude and a 180° phase difference.

[0073] The two differential signals are respectively input to the first high-power fast response suppression module and the second high-power fast response suppression module for nonlinear adaptive suppression;

[0074] The suppressed two signals are input to the high-suppression differential bandpass module for bandpass filtering and differential mode processing, in which the in-phase signal is significantly attenuated and the out-of-phase signal is passed through with low loss.

[0075] The two signals output from the high suppression differential bandpass module are amplified with low noise by the first low noise amplifier and the second low noise amplifier, respectively.

[0076] The amplified signal is input to the back-end system for down-conversion, filtering, amplification, and signal processing.

[0077] The suppression of strong electromagnetic signals in narrowband is achieved through a four-stage attenuation mechanism, specifically including: the first attenuation by the receiver balanced converter; the second attenuation by the high-power fast-response suppression module; the third attenuation by the high-suppression differential bandpass module; and the fourth attenuation by the low-noise amplifier balanced design.

[0078] In some embodiments, the high-power fast-response suppression module, bandpass filtering, amplification, and processing steps are performed within a shielded enclosure with a shielding effectiveness of 50 dB or more.

[0079] Example 1

[0080] Reference Figure 1 As shown, a receiving system with multipath complex coupling suppression performance is disclosed. The receiving system includes a receiving balanced converter 1, a first high-power fast response suppression module 2, a second high-power fast response suppression module 3, a high-suppression differential bandpass module 4, a first low-noise amplifier 5, a second low-noise amplifier 6, and a back-end system 7.

[0081] Specifically, the first output channel OUT1 of the balanced receiver 1 is connected to the input port IN1 of the first high-power fast response suppression module 2, and the other output channel OUT2 is connected to the input port IN2 of the second high-power fast response suppression module 3. The output channel OUT3 of the first high-power fast response suppression module 2 is connected to the input port IN3 of the high-suppression differential bandpass module 4, and the output channel OUT4 of the second high-power fast response suppression module 3 is connected to the other input port IN4 of the high-suppression differential bandpass module 4. The output port OUT5 of the high-suppression differential bandpass module 4 is connected to the input port IN5 of the first low-noise amplifier 5, and the other output port OUT6 is connected to the input port IN6 of the first low-noise amplifier 5. The output port OUT7 of the first low-noise amplifier 5 is connected to the input port IN7 of the back-end system 7, and the output port OUT8 of the second low-noise amplifier 6 is connected to the input port IN8 of the back-end system 7.

[0082] When the normal operating signal arrives, it passes through the receiving balanced converter 1 and forms two signals with a phase difference of 180°, which enter the first high-power fast response suppression module 2 and the second high-power fast response suppression module 3 respectively. The two outputs (OUT3, OUT5) enter the high suppression differential bandpass module 4. The two outputs (OUT5, OUT6) of the high suppression differential bandpass module 4 are amplified by the first low-noise amplifier 5 and the second low-noise amplifier 6 respectively, and then enter the back-end system 7 to complete the processing task.

[0083] Reference Figure 4 The attenuation curves are shown for normal operating signals and externally coupled signals. When the normal operating signal reaches the proposed receiving system with multipath complex coupling suppression capabilities, according to system simulation results, at the center frequency of 2.5 GHz, the proposed receiving system exhibits almost no attenuation. However, for externally coupled electromagnetic signals, at the center frequency of 2.5 GHz, the proposed receiving system attenuates them by nearly 50 dB, demonstrating a very significant suppression effect.

[0084] Example 2

[0085] A receiving method with multi-path complex coupling suppression performance attenuates the incoming narrowband strong electromagnetic signal four times. The receiving balanced converter performs the first attenuation of the strong electromagnetic signal, designated L1. Then, the signal is split into two paths, one entering a first high-power fast-response suppression module and the other a second high-power fast-response suppression module. Each high-power fast-response suppression module performs a second attenuation, designated L2. The signal then enters a high-suppression differential bandpass module, where it undergoes a third attenuation based on passband insertion loss, designated L3. The two outputs are connected to a first low-noise amplifier and a second low-noise amplifier, respectively. Both the first and second low-noise amplifiers employ a hybrid design with a first-stage balanced stage and subsequent cascaded stages. The first-stage balanced design performs a fourth attenuation of the signal power, designated L4.

[0086] Based on the above process, the total attenuation L of the proposed receiving system with multipath complex coupling suppression performance for narrowband strong electromagnetic signals entering the receiving system through the antenna can be expressed as:

[0087] L = L1 + L2 + L3 + L4

[0088] Among them, L1, L3, and L4 are all fixed values, with L1 being 3dB, L2 being 0.4dB, and L4 being 3dB; L2 is a variable that increases with the increase of input power.

[0089] By analyzing the weak points and microscopic regions of the first and second low-noise amplifiers, the maximum power that the first and second low-noise amplifiers can withstand can be obtained and set as P. t Based on the maximum power handling capacity of the first and second low-noise amplifiers, the design architecture of the low-noise amplifiers, the first-stage attenuation value of the balanced receiver converter, the second-stage attenuation value of the high-power fast-response suppression module, and the third-stage attenuation value of the differential bandpass module, the maximum target power that the receiving system can withstand can be calculated.

[0090] Based on the above process, the maximum target power P that the receiving system can withstand can be expressed as:

[0091] P = P t +L=P t +L2+6.4

[0092] like Figure 5 The figure shows the response curve of the proposed system to narrowband strong electromagnetic signals. As can be seen from the figure, the proposed receiving method and system with multi-path complex coupling suppression performance has a suppression performance of close to 80dB under the condition of 1MW narrowband strong electromagnetic signal input.

[0093] In summary, the proposed receiving system with multi-path complex coupling suppression capability takes into account the protection requirements of the receiving system against narrowband high-power front door coupling damage signals and broadband / ultra-wideband external back door coupling interference signals. At the same time, by converting the normal operating signal into an in-phase signal, the receiving system achieves comprehensive protection against strong electromagnetic interference attacks under normal operating conditions. Furthermore, the system is an integrated design, which reduces complexity and debugging difficulty and is conducive to miniaturization.

[0094] The receiving method and system of this application, which has the ability to suppress complex multipath coupling, adopts a dual-balanced cascade design combining a receiver balanced converter, a fast response suppression module, a high suppression differential bandpass module, and a low-noise amplifier. This design enables the receiving system to achieve systematic protection against strong electromagnetic complex environments, solves the problem that existing protection technologies cannot simultaneously address narrowband coupling at the front door and broadband / ultra-wideband coupling at the back door, and realizes the integrated design of the receiving system and protection technology, which can be widely applied to various frequency bands.

[0095] The examples above are only for illustrating the technical concept and features of this application, and are intended to provide a specific description of this application so that those skilled in the art can understand its content and implement it accordingly. They should not be used to limit the scope of protection of this application. All equivalent changes or modifications made based on the content of this application should be included within the scope of protection of this application.

Claims

1. A receiving system with multipath complex coupling suppression performance, characterized in that, include: A receiver-balanced converter is used to convert an input electromagnetic signal into two power signals with half the amplitude and 180° out of phase. The first high-power fast response suppression module and the second high-power fast response suppression module have their input terminals connected to the output terminal of the receiving balanced converter. Based on the standing wave effect triggering and fast conduction design, they perform nonlinear adaptive suppression of the input signal. The high-suppression differential bandpass module has its input connected to the output of the first high-power fast-response suppression module and the second high-power fast-response suppression module, and is used to suppress in-band interference signals in phase. The first low-noise amplifier and the second low-noise amplifier have their input terminals connected to the output terminal of the high-suppression differential bandpass module, and are used to amplify the effective signal with low noise. The back-end system has its input end connected to the output ends of the first and second low-noise amplifiers, and is used to perform down-conversion, filtering, amplification, and complex signal acquisition and processing on the received signals.

2. The receiving system with multipath complex coupling suppression performance according to claim 1, characterized in that, The receiver balanced converter adopts a single-input dual-output system, which realizes the conversion of a single input signal into two signals with a phase difference of 180° through a power distribution network, and the amplitudes of the two signals are equal.

3. The receiving system with multipath complex coupling suppression performance according to claim 1, characterized in that, The transient response time of the first high-power fast response suppression module and the second high-power fast response suppression module is less than 4ns, the peak pulse power they can withstand is not less than 1MW, and their operating frequency band is consistent with that of the receiver balanced converter.

4. The receiving system with multipath complex coupling suppression performance according to claim 1, characterized in that, The high-suppression differential bandpass module consists of a high-low impedance structure, a U-shaped microstrip-slot conversion structure, an L-shaped microstrip-slot conversion structure, and a defect ground structure, and has two working modes: in-phase input and 180° phase difference input.

5. The receiving system with multipath complex coupling suppression performance according to claim 4, characterized in that, The U-shaped microstrip-slot line conversion structure is orthogonally arranged; the L-shaped microstrip-slot line structure is a bent design; and the defect structure is etched on the bottom layer of the substrate.

6. The receiving system with multipath complex coupling suppression performance according to claim 1, characterized in that, Both the first low-noise amplifier and the second low-noise amplifier adopt a hybrid topology structure of a first-stage balanced amplifier unit and a subsequent cascaded amplifier unit.

7. The receiving system with multipath complex coupling suppression performance according to claim 1, characterized in that, The first low-noise amplifier and the second low-noise amplifier use the same circuit topology and performance parameters.

8. The receiving system with multipath complex coupling suppression performance according to claim 1, characterized in that, The receiving system also includes a shielded housing. The receiving balanced converter, the first high-power fast response suppression module, and the second high-power fast response module are exposed outside the shielded housing, while the high-suppression differential bandpass module, the first low-noise amplifier, the second low-noise amplifier, and the back-end system are located inside the shielded housing.

9. A receiving method with multipath complex coupling suppression performance, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: Electromagnetic signals are received by a balanced converter and converted into two differential signals with half the amplitude and a 180° phase difference. The two differential signals are respectively input to the first high-power fast response suppression module and the second high-power fast response suppression module for nonlinear adaptive suppression; The suppressed two signals are input to the high-suppression differential bandpass module for bandpass filtering and differential mode processing, in which the in-phase signal is significantly attenuated and the out-of-phase signal is passed through with low loss. The two signals output from the high suppression differential bandpass module are amplified with low noise by the first low noise amplifier and the second low noise amplifier, respectively. The amplified signal is input to the back-end system for down-conversion, filtering, amplification, and signal processing.

10. The receiving method with multipath complex coupling suppression performance according to claim 9, characterized in that, The suppression of strong electromagnetic signals in narrowband is achieved through a four-stage attenuation mechanism: the first attenuation is achieved by the receiver balanced converter; the second attenuation is achieved by the high-power fast-response suppression module; the third attenuation is achieved by the high-suppression differential bandpass module; and the fourth attenuation is achieved by the low-noise amplifier balanced design.

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