Smart power grid information acquisition method and system based on dual-mode communication

Abstract

The invention provides an intelligent power grid information acquisition method and system based on dual-mode communication, belongs to the field of power line carrier communication, and solves the problem that an HPLC (High Performance Liquid Chromatography) of a low-voltage transformer area is influenced by broadband impulse noise and frequency spectrum holes caused by a grid-connected power supply, a rectifier, a frequency converter, photovoltaic inversion and the like. However, the HRF is easy to have serious multipath and shielding problems in environments such as metal cabinets, hoistways or basements. The method comprises the following steps: under the condition that a wireless communication environment comprises a metal cabinet body and / or a wire slot in a power distribution room, transmitting detection pulses at a plurality of candidate frequency points by a terminal based on a high-speed wireless radio frequency communication channel; echo and energy dissipation measurement values corresponding to the detection pulses are collected, a waveguide-like judgment model is constructed, and leakage waveguide characteristic parameters are recorded; and selecting a working frequency point for forming a stable auxiliary path based on the leakage waveguide characteristic parameters, so as to carry out key packet information transmission through the obtained cabinet body and / or trunking type waveguide auxiliary path which can be utilized at the working frequency point.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of power line carrier communication, and in particular to an intelligent power grid information acquisition method and system based on dual-mode communication. BACKGROUND

[0002] Under the dual-mode communication architecture of HPLC (High-speed Power Line Communication) and HRF (High-speed Radio Frequency), the system has the advantages of in-place access of power line communication and flexible coverage capability of wireless communication, can quickly cover by using the natural network laying basis of power line, and can improve the redundancy and anti-interference capability by wireless link, so as to better meet the comprehensive requirements of reliability, continuity and economy of the low-voltage distribution side of the intelligent power grid. However, the HPLC of the low-voltage transformer area is affected by the wideband impulse noise and spectral hole caused by grid-connected power supply, rectifier, frequency converter and photovoltaic inverter, and the HRF is prone to serious multipath and shielding in environments such as metal cabinet, shaft or basement. SUMMARY

[0003] The embodiments of the present application provide an intelligent power grid information acquisition method and system based on dual-mode communication, which can solve the problem that the HPLC of the low-voltage transformer area is affected by the wideband impulse noise and spectral hole caused by grid-connected power supply, rectifier, frequency converter and photovoltaic inverter, and the HRF is prone to serious multipath and shielding in environments such as metal cabinet, shaft or basement.

[0004] The first aspect of the embodiments of the present application provides an intelligent power grid information acquisition method based on dual-mode communication, comprising: In the case that the wireless communication environment includes a metal cabinet and / or a wire slot in the power distribution room, a terminal transmits a detection pulse at a plurality of candidate frequency points based on a high-speed radio frequency communication channel; Collecting echo and energy dissipation measurement values corresponding to the detection pulse, constructing a waveguide-like judgment model and recording leakage waveguide characteristic parameters; Selecting a working frequency point for forming a stable secondary path based on the leakage waveguide characteristic parameters, to perform key small packet information transmission through the obtained cabinet and / or wire slot waveguide-like secondary path available at the working frequency point.

[0005] Optionally, the selecting a working frequency point for forming a stable secondary path based on the leakage waveguide characteristic parameters, to perform key small packet information transmission through the obtained cabinet and / or wire slot waveguide-like secondary path available at the working frequency point, comprises: selecting a working frequency point, an antenna installation posture and a polarization angle for forming a stable sub-path based on the leakage waveguide characteristic parameters, generating an attenuation-frequency curve corresponding to the working frequency point; inputting the attenuation-frequency curve into a concentrator side link selector to update a cross-medium link priority, identifying a cabinet and / or a trunking waveguide sub-path available at the working frequency point, and performing critical small packet information transmission through the cabinet and / or the trunking waveguide sub-path.

[0006] Optionally, the method further comprises: In a case where the available cabinet and / or trunking waveguide sub-path is identified, a cross-medium service distribution strategy is executed, the cross-medium service distribution strategy being to preferentially transmit a cabinet-to-cabinet critical small packet using the high-speed wireless radio frequency communication channel and to transmit a remaining service packet using a high-speed power carrier communication channel.

[0007] Optionally, the leakage waveguide characteristic parameters comprise at least one of a standing wave ratio, an equivalent quality factor, a leakage attenuation constant and a group delay. The frequency set covered by the plurality of candidate frequency points comprises a first sub-set and a second sub-set, the first sub-set being used for cabinet internal propagation evaluation, and the second sub-set being used for cabinet-to-cabinet penetration evaluation, and the terminal being configured to respectively perform transmission and measurement of a probe pulse in the two types of sub-sets.

[0008] Optionally, the transmission of the probe pulse by the terminal at the plurality of candidate frequency points based on the high-speed wireless radio frequency communication channel comprises: The transmission of the probe pulse by the terminal at the plurality of candidate frequency points based on the high-speed wireless radio frequency communication channel is triggered within a grid zero-crossing phase window, and a duty cycle of the probe pulse is lower than a preset ratio.

[0009] Optionally, the method further comprises: An upper limit of transmission power of the working frequency point is set to satisfy a preset electromagnetic compatibility constraint, the preset electromagnetic compatibility constraint being constituted by a field strength limit threshold and a sideband leakage threshold, so that the terminal only enables the working frequency point in a case where both the field strength limit threshold and the sideband leakage threshold are satisfied.

[0010] Optionally, the high-speed power carrier communication channel is used to carry firmware upgrade fragments, batch meter reading and log reporting, and the high-speed wireless radio frequency communication channel is used to carry an alarm, a remote control instruction and an acknowledgement frame, and the method further comprises: In a case where the high-speed wireless radio frequency communication channel is detected to be temporarily congested, an alarm is temporarily mirrored to the high-speed power carrier communication channel for transmission.

[0011] A second aspect of the embodiments of the present application provides an intelligent power grid information acquisition system based on dual-mode communication, comprising: The detection unit is configured to transmit a detection pulse at multiple candidate frequency points by a terminal based on a high-speed wireless radio frequency communication channel in a case where a wireless communication environment includes a metal cabinet and / or a wire slot in a power distribution room. The acquisition unit is configured to acquire echo and energy dissipation measurement values corresponding to the detection pulse, construct a waveguide-like determination model, and record a leakage waveguide characteristic parameter. The transmission unit is configured to select a working frequency point for forming a stable secondary path based on the leakage waveguide characteristic parameter, so as to perform key small packet information transmission through a cabinet and / or wire slot waveguide-like secondary path available at the working frequency point.

[0012] The third aspect of the embodiments of the present application provides an electronic device, including a memory and a processor, wherein the processor is configured to execute a computer program stored in the memory to implement the steps of the smart grid information acquisition method based on dual-mode communication.

[0013] The fourth aspect of the embodiments of the present application provides a computer readable storage medium, which stores a computer program, wherein the computer program is executed by a processor to implement the steps of the smart grid information acquisition method based on dual-mode communication.

[0014] In some cases, the metal cabinet and wire slot in the power distribution room can cause serious HRF multipath and many blind areas. Considering that the cabinet or wire slot can be used as a leakage waveguide, electromagnetic energy can be transmitted along the linear metal structure and leaked to cover the opening by selecting a suitable frequency band, antenna bias and polarization angle. In summary, the smart grid information acquisition method based on dual-mode communication provided by the embodiments of the present application transmits a detection pulse at multiple candidate frequency points by a terminal based on a high-speed wireless radio frequency communication channel in a case where a wireless communication environment includes a metal cabinet and / or a wire slot in a power distribution room; acquires echo and energy dissipation measurement values corresponding to the detection pulse, constructs a waveguide-like determination model, and records a leakage waveguide characteristic parameter; selects a working frequency point for forming a stable secondary path based on the leakage waveguide characteristic parameter, so as to perform key small packet information transmission through a cabinet and / or wire slot waveguide-like secondary path available at the working frequency point. Thus, by transmitting a detection pulse at multiple candidate frequency points, measuring echo and energy dissipation, constructing a waveguide-like determination model, and selecting a working frequency point that is most conducive to forming a stable secondary path. The secondary path can be used to transmit key small packets such as confirmation frames, alarms, timing control flags, and redundant sampling summaries. The main path still relies on HPLC to complete most of the data bearing, and the two paths have clear division of labor in scheduling, thereby improving the comprehensive index of reliability, continuity and economy.

[0015] Correspondingly, the system, electronic device and computer readable storage medium provided by the embodiments of the present application also have the above technical effects. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0016] Figure 1 A possible flowchart of a smart grid information collection method based on dual-mode communication provided by an embodiment of the present application is shown in the figure. Figure 2 A possible schematic structural block diagram of a smart grid information collection system based on dual-mode communication provided by an embodiment of the present application is shown in the figure. Figure 3 A possible schematic diagram of the hardware structure of a smart grid information collection system based on dual-mode communication provided by an embodiment of the present application is shown in the figure. Figure 4 A possible schematic structural block diagram of an electronic device provided by an embodiment of the present application is shown in the figure. Figure 5 A possible schematic structural block diagram of a computer readable storage medium provided by an embodiment of the present application is shown in the figure. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0017] The smart grid information collection method and related device based on dual-mode communication provided by the embodiments of the present application can solve the problem of the influence of wideband impulse noise and spectral hole caused by grid-connected power supply, rectifier, frequency converter and photovoltaic inverter on HPLC in low-voltage transformer area, and the problem of serious multipath and shielding of HRF in environments such as metal cabinet, shaft or basement.

[0018] The terms "first", "second", "third", "fourth" and the like (if any) in the description, claims and above-mentioned drawings of the present application are used to distinguish similar objects, and do not necessarily indicate a specific order or sequence. It should be understood that the data thus used can be interchanged under appropriate circumstances, so that the embodiments described herein can be implemented in an order other than that illustrated or described herein. In addition, the terms "include" and "have" and any variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, for example, a process, method, system, product or device including a series of steps or units does not necessarily have to be limited to those steps or units clearly listed, but can include other steps or units not clearly listed or inherent to these processes, methods, products or devices. The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be described clearly and completely below in combination with the drawings of the embodiments of the present application. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present application, not all the embodiments.

[0019] Please refer to Figure 1 A flowchart of a smart grid information collection method based on dual-mode communication provided by an embodiment of the present application is shown in the figure, which can specifically include: S110-S130.

[0020] S110, in the case that the wireless communication environment includes a metal cabinet and / or a wire slot in the power distribution room, transmitting a probe pulse by the terminal at a plurality of candidate frequency points based on a high-speed wireless radio frequency communication channel.

[0021] S120, collecting echo and energy dissipation measurement values corresponding to the probe pulse, constructing a waveguide-like determination model and recording a leakage waveguide characteristic parameter.

[0022] S130, selecting a working frequency point for forming a stable secondary path based on the leakage waveguide characteristic parameter, to perform key small packet information transmission through the obtained cabinet and / or wire slot waveguide-like secondary path available at the working frequency point.

[0023] It can be understood that in the low-voltage power distribution room, the metal switch cabinet, metering cabinet, ring network cabinet and metal wire slot are often long strip-shaped, with a nearly closed or semi-closed metal boundary in cross section, and cables and busbars are laid inside or close to it. Such structures will form a nearly leaky waveguide environment under the radio frequency perspective, including waveguide effect and leakage characteristics. The waveguide effect can be understood as the metal boundary providing lateral constraint to the electromagnetic field, and the modes above a certain frequency can propagate along the axial direction, and the wall conductivity determines the attenuation constant along the way. The leakage characteristic can be understood as the cabinet door gap, the maintenance hole, the wire slot hole, the corner and the overlap joint form a periodic or quasi-periodic leaky aperture, so that the field energy propagates along the axial direction while radiating outward, resulting in controllable energy dissipation and measurable pulse echo characteristics. Then in the cabinet or wire slot, random scattering is constrained by the metal boundary, the time delay spread between equivalent multipath clusters is reduced, and the dominant axial propagation component is more stable in a certain frequency band, thereby providing a relatively stable and predictable secondary path for small packet key information. Among them, the key small packet refers to small-size service units such as alarm, remote control confirmation and metering voucher header, which have higher requirements for time delay and reliability.

[0024] Exemplarily, before the terminal deployment site, according to the geometric characteristics of the power distribution room metal cabinet and the wire slot, the internal cable arrangement, the cabinet door gap spacing and the common corner radius, combined with the local spectrum use specification and the equipment front end bandwidth capability, a candidate frequency point set covering the possible leakage waveguide propagation window is first determined, and a matching detection pulse system is configured for each frequency point, for example, a code symbol sequence with obvious autocorrelation peak and low cross-correlation or a linear frequency modulation pulse, while setting the upper limit of the transmission power, the pulse repetition period and the duty cycle to avoid electromagnetic interference to sensitive equipment and meet the regulatory constraints. Considering that the metal boundary formed by the cabinet and the wire slot will produce lateral constraint to the electromagnetic field, the propagation mode and the leakage intensity at different frequencies are obviously different, by sparse sampling in the suspected propagable frequency band and using a good autocorrelation pulse to improve the channel estimation signal-to-noise ratio, the existence and stability of the dominant propagation component can be more accurately captured. Thus, the estimation variance of the subsequent measurement parameters can be reduced, the frequency point search time can be shortened, unnecessary spectrum occupation can be reduced, and the echo detectable probability can be improved without increasing the transmission power, providing high-quality input for subsequent waveguide-like determination.

[0025] Exemplarily, in the actual environment of the site, the terminal sends detection pulses according to the planned candidate frequency points, the receiving end independently completes matched filtering for each frequency point to obtain the time-domain channel impulse response and the power time delay distribution, and repeatedly measures multiple times in a short stable window to obtain the envelope change of energy over time, the time delay spread statistics, the power ratio of the dominant component to the scattered component, the time jitter of the group delay and the instantaneous signal-to-noise ratio, etc. At the same time, the occasional abnormalities caused by the opening and closing of the cabinet door, the wiring shaking and the personnel moving are median filtered and outlier removed, so that the statistics are more robust. Thus, by using the reshaping effect of the metal enclosure on the scattering path, the dominant component of the axial propagation is more likely to form energy concentration and time delay convergence signs at a certain frequency point, and through multiple repeated measurements, the slow variables of structural constraints caused by geometry and material can be distinguished from fast variables such as transient shielding or random noise, and then the most representative stable features of the availability of the secondary path are retained, which can significantly improve the recognition ability of the real available propagation window, reduce the influence of accidental measurement, and provide stable and repeatable feature input for subsequent model inference.

[0026] Exemplarily, the time-stabilized measurement features described above can be sorted into a feature vector and input into a lightweight decision model trained in advance with field-labeled data. The lightweight decision model can be a logistic regression, a tree model, or a small neural network. The training labels of the model are defined as whether the frequency point can form a stable and usable secondary path under the given bit error rate target and maximum packet delay constraint. In the online stage, the terminal calculates the available probability and comprehensive utility score of each candidate frequency point in real time, and performs exponential weighting time smoothing on the score to suppress short-term fluctuations. In this way, the three types of information, geometric constraints, frequency-dependent propagation, and statistical stability, are unified into the decision space of whether it can be used for key packet transmission. The data-driven model can learn the complex coupling relationships that artificial thresholds cannot cover, such as frequency points with moderate energy attenuation but small group delay jitter that are more conducive to short frame timing and reliable demodulation. This makes the decision of secondary path availability more robust and generalizable, maintaining a high correct selection rate under different cabinet types, different line slot materials, and different load conditions, while reducing the parameter tuning workload and dependence on expert experience.

[0027] Exemplarily, under the premise of meeting regulatory constraints, front-end bandpass capability, and station electromagnetic compatibility strategies, the frequency point with the highest comprehensive utility score and meeting the conditions of minimum necessary occupied bandwidth being less than the coherent bandwidth margin, link signal-to-noise ratio being higher than the threshold, and available probability being higher than the threshold is selected from the candidate set as the current working frequency point. Then, a small packet-oriented secondary path is established at this frequency point, and a key small packet queue is registered at the medium access control layer. A low-duty-cycle keep-alive mechanism is configured to maintain awareness of environmental changes, and a suboptimal frequency point is triggered for rapid switching when the score continuously falls below the threshold. In this way, the frequency point is optimized with reliability and delay robustness as core indicators, so that dispersion, attenuation, and time stability are simultaneously within controllable ranges, and a lightweight keep-alive is used to further improve the sustained availability of the link. This significantly shortens the time to first packet for key packets, significantly improves the reachability in strong occlusion or multipath mutation scenarios, and controls the disturbance of frequency point switching to the upper layer business within a very small range, thereby achieving higher stability without increasing transmit power and spectrum occupancy.

[0028] Exemplarily, the network layer and the medium access control layer finely divide the service types, define the confirmation frame, the out-of-limit alarm, the circuit breaker state change reporting, the phase identification key flag, the parameter rollback instruction, the meter reading index and the timestamp summary as key packets, and preferentially map them to the secondary path bearing. The periodic meter reading and batch parameter change are still borne by the power line communication path. When the power line communication appears wideband impulse noise or narrowband notch, the scheduler immediately transfers the related control and confirmation type packets to the secondary path to ensure that the control process can be completed in time. At the same time, after the secondary path completes the confirmation, the power line communication is driven to perform the subcarrier masking and coupling parameter rollback self-recovery actions. Thus, the transmission characteristics of the secondary path in the metal cabinet and wire slot environment are used to guarantee the timing requirements of the control link, and the tasks more sensitive to throughput are reserved on the power line communication, so as to realize the complementary advantages of different physical paths in the reliability and economy dimensions, significantly compress the tail of the key control link delay, reduce the number of mis-triggering and timeout retries, improve the service availability in the degradation period, and maintain the compliance and low interference characteristics of the overall spectrum and power.

[0029] Exemplarily, a patch or slot type antenna with better near-field coupling with the cabinet metal surface is adopted at the hardware level, and switchable bandpass filtering and programmable power control are provided. A simplified frame header design and a necessary repeated transmission energy combination decision strategy are adopted at the protocol level to enhance the edge reachability. Low-frequency frequency point inspection and small-range fast reselection are configured at the operation and maintenance level. Combined with the geometric sketch and inspection statistics at the initial online stage, an experience mapping of frequency points to measurement characteristics is established to reduce the subsequent search space. Thus, the uncertainty caused by the time-varying of the link is reduced through front-end matching, frame structure reduction and online inspection, and the field transferable knowledge is fixed by experience mapping to reduce the continuous operation and maintenance cost, so that the secondary path keep-alive success rate is improved, the frequency point switching converges faster, the jitter of the upper layer application is further reduced, and higher long-term stability and lower maintenance cost are achieved while complying with electromagnetic compatibility constraints.

[0030] In some examples, the working frequency point for forming a stable secondary path is selected based on the leakage waveguide characteristic parameters, and key packet information transmission is performed through the cabinet and / or wire slot type waveguide secondary path available at the working frequency point, including: The working frequency point, the antenna installation posture and the polarization angle for forming a stable secondary path are selected based on the leakage waveguide characteristic parameters, and an attenuation-frequency curve corresponding to the working frequency point is generated; The attenuation-frequency curve is input into the link selector on the concentrator side to update the cross-medium link priority, identify the cabinet and / or wire slot type waveguide secondary path available at the working frequency point, and perform key packet information transmission through the cabinet and / or wire slot type waveguide secondary path.

[0031] For example, after completing multi-frequency point detection, the field terminal inputs energy dissipation trend, time delay spread, dominant component proportion, group time delay stability, instantaneous signal-to-noise ratio, and cabinet and wire slot geometry labels as leakage waveguide characteristic parameters into the lightweight decision module, which gives a candidate working frequency point set within the frequency band allowed by the regulator, and deduces the preferred installation posture and polarization angle in combination with the geometric relationship between the antenna and the metal boundary, for example, arranging along the long side of the wire slot and keeping the antenna main axis parallel to the slot direction to enhance the axial coupling and suppress transverse leakage. Then the terminal retests for a short period at each candidate frequency point with the recommended posture and polarization angle, counts the dominant component stability and equivalent along-path attenuation, and interpolates and smooths the frequency point sequence to form the attenuation-frequency curve in the current environment, while recording the installation posture and polarization angle metadata accompanying each frequency point. Thus, the transverse constraint of the metal cabinet and wire slot on the electromagnetic field enables certain frequency point and posture combinations to excite an axially dominant propagation mode, thereby presenting lower time delay spread, higher dominant component stability, and moderate energy leakage in a statistical sense. The attenuation-frequency curve is the external manifestation of the physical characteristics varying with frequency. The coupling selection problem of frequency points, antenna postures, and polarization is transformed into a measurable curve optimization problem, avoiding the time consumption and uncertainty caused by repeated trial installations based on experience, and improving the available distance and small packet arrival rate of the secondary path through the matching of posture and polarization without increasing the transmission power. The generated attenuation-frequency curve and accompanying posture and polarization metadata are reported to the concentrator through the control plane, and the side link selector of the concentrator receives the carrier-to-noise ratio, error frame rate, available subcarrier proportion, and impulse noise alarm from the power line communication, as well as the attenuation-frequency curve, time delay jitter statistics, and secondary path keep-alive quality from the wireless side. In combination with the regulatory occupation, in-station electromagnetic compatibility strategy, and business queue weight, the real-time priority and small packet mapping strategy of the cross-medium link are calculated; when the curve shows that a working frequency point has small attenuation and high stability in the current environment, the link selector marks the cabinet and / or wire slot class waveguide secondary path corresponding to the frequency point as available, and maps key small packets such as confirmation frames, out-of-limit alarms, circuit breaker state changes, phase identification key flags, and parameter rollback instructions to the secondary path, while maintaining the power line communication bearing period metering and batch data. The link selector continuously monitors the secondary path keep-alive quality and the degradation degree of the power line communication, and reverts to a suboptimal frequency point or temporarily returns to single-path transmission when the secondary path score decreases or the environment mutates, and restores the normal division of labor according to the strategy after the power line communication recovers.Thus, the attenuation-frequency curve is used as a physical characteristic of wireless side accessibility, together with the carrier availability and noise characteristics of the power line side to determine the cross-medium scheduling, so as to establish a more stable transmission channel for short frames in a strong shielding and multipath environment, so that the first packet delay and the number of retransmissions of the key small packet are significantly reduced, the alarm and control information in the degradation period can be delivered on time, the overall service availability is improved, and the system maintains good boundaries in spectrum compliance and electromagnetic compatibility due to the fact that the secondary path only carries short frames at a low duty cycle when necessary. The operation and maintenance side can also perform verifiable optimization and long-term solidification of the frequency and attitude according to the curve and quality statistics.

[0032] In some examples, further comprising: In the case of identifying the available cabinet and / or wire slot type waveguide secondary path, a cross-medium service allocation strategy is executed, which uses the high-speed wireless radio frequency communication channel to preferentially transmit key small packets between cabinets and cabinets, and uses the high-speed power carrier communication channel to transmit the remaining service packets.

[0033] For example, when the waveguide determines that there is a cabinet and / or a raceway waveguide sub-path available at a certain operating frequency according to the attenuation-frequency curve, the concentrator initiates a cross-medium traffic distribution strategy: first, at the traffic classification layer, the uplink and downlink packets are divided into critical and non-critical traffic packets according to their time sensitivity and control importance. The critical traffic packets include acknowledgement frames, out-of-limit alarms, circuit breaker on-off state position reporting, phase identification critical markers, parameter rollback instructions, metering index and timestamp abstracts, etc. These packets are small in size, high in time delay and success rate requirements, and often occur in control and coordination scenarios between cabinets. The non-critical traffic packets include periodic metering, batch parameter distribution and routine logs. Then, at the medium access control layer, two independent queues are established and the scheduling weight and congestion protection threshold are configured. The critical traffic packets are preferentially mapped to the waveguide sub-path of the high-speed wireless radio frequency channel. Compact frame headers, timing window tightening and necessary single mirror redundancy are used to improve the first packet reachability, while the peak duty cycle and continuous burst length are limited to ensure spectrum compliance and station electromagnetic compatibility. The remaining traffic packets are mapped to the high-speed power line carrier communication channel, which takes advantage of its in-situ networking and multi-subcarrier parallel bearing to complete batch transmission in a longer time scale. When the power line carrier channel is affected by impulse noise or narrowband notch, the scheduler only temporarily promotes small-sized state updates directly related to control actions to critical packets and borrows the sub-path for a short time, and other batch traffic is not migrated to avoid wireless side congestion. When the sub-path score drops or the environment mutates, such as the cabinet door is opened for a long time to change the leakage rhythm, the scheduler will fall back the critical packets to the bottom time slot of the power line carrier channel, and trigger fast frequency reselection and keep-alive patrol to restore the sub-path. In this way, the constrained propagation environment formed by the cabinet / raceway improves the stable reachability of short frames at a specific frequency point, while the load more sensitive to throughput and continuity continues to rely on the parallel bearing capacity of the power line, so that short-time stability and long-time capacity are matched to the most suitable physical medium, achieving significant contraction of the first packet reach time distribution of critical small packets, reduction of mis-triggering and timeout retry times, improvement of control and alarm implementation rate in the degradation period, while keeping the overall spectrum and power occupancy at a low level. The system obtains measurable improvements in reliability, continuity and economy.

[0034] In some examples, the leakage waveguide characteristic parameters include at least one of standing wave ratio, equivalent quality factor, leakage attenuation constant, and group delay; The frequency set covered by the plurality of candidate frequency points includes a first sub-set and a second sub-set, the first sub-set is used for cabinet internal propagation evaluation, and the second sub-set is used for cabinet-to-cabinet penetration evaluation. The terminal is configured to respectively complete transmission and measurement of the probe pulse in the two types of sub-sets.

[0035] Exemplarily, the terminal synchronously collects the amplitude, phase and energy corresponding to the echo with respect to time when completing the multi-frequency point detection, and calculates or estimates the standing wave ratio, equivalent quality factor, leakage attenuation constant and group delay and other characteristics according to the statistics. Among them, the standing wave ratio can be obtained by monitoring the energy ratio of the transmission port reflection and the through path, which is used to characterize the matching of the antenna and the cabinet or the wire slot near-field coupling. Better matching means that the near-axis field is more easily bound by the metal boundary to form the dominant propagation component; the equivalent quality factor can be inferred by the energy roll-off slope of the pulse in a short time window and the energy accumulation degree at the frequency point. Higher quality factor often corresponds to more obvious energy storage and weaker undesired leakage, but too high quality factor may imply excessive residence leading to dispersion accumulation, which needs to be evaluated jointly with the group delay stability; the leakage attenuation constant can be estimated by the energy attenuation rate in the equivalent distance or time dimension of multiple measurements at the same frequency point. Too large attenuation will limit the effective coverage of the secondary path, and moderate and stable attenuation suggests the existence of reusable leakage waveguide channel; the group delay can be inferred from the phase change of the received signal in a narrow frequency domain. The smaller the time jitter is, the more stable the propagation mode at the frequency point is, and the easier the timing and equalization converge. The above characteristics are independently measured by the terminal at each candidate frequency point and form a feature vector after outlier rejection and time smoothing, which is input into the waveguide-like judgment model to evaluate the probability and utility score of the frequency point forming a stable secondary path. Thus, the metal boundary constraint, leakage aperture distribution and propagation characteristics after multipath reshaping are explicitized by the radio frequency and time domain indicators that can be directly measured on site, avoiding the uncertainty caused by selecting frequency points and attitudes only by experience, so as to consider the antenna matching and energy accumulation degree by the joint of the standing wave ratio and the equivalent quality factor, improve the starting success rate when establishing the secondary path, filter out the frequency points with large time variability by the leakage attenuation constant and group delay stability, reduce the frequency of subsequent frequency point reselection, and deposit the four types of parameters into a traceable feature file, so that the subsequent adaptation and inspection have more basis and stronger reusability.To consider the waveguide-like propagation along the axial direction in the cabinet and the penetration accessibility through the gap, the door gap or the wire slot between the cabinets, the frequency set covered by the candidate frequency points is divided into a first sub-set and a second sub-set: the first sub-set densely samples the available mode interval corresponding to the cabinet or wire slot cross-sectional feature, and the terminal adopts a metal surface close installation posture at the frequency points in the sub-set and arranges the polarization direction along the long side of the cabinet or the long side of the wire slot, focusing on evaluating the energy concentration, time delay spread and group delay stability to determine whether there is a stable axial dominant propagation; the second sub-set covers the frequency band more suitable for gap radiation and near-field coupling leakage within the supervision allowed range, and the terminal performs quasi-directional transmission and reception at the frequency points in the sub-set for adjacent cabinet door gaps, transition wire slot openings or cabinet column ends, focusing on evaluating the signal-to-noise ratio after penetration, the time delay jitter caused by short time ghosting and the accessibility in the micro movement scene, so as to determine whether the inter-cabinet secondary path is reliable at the frequency point; to avoid mutual interference and shorten the field time, the detection process adopts time-sharing polling, first completes rough screening and locks one or two candidate frequency points in the first sub-set, and then verifies the penetration performance of these frequency points in the inter-cabinet direction in the second sub-set, and if necessary, one or two frequency points with better penetration are supplemented in the second sub-set as switching alternatives; the measurement results of the two types of sub-sets generate corresponding attenuation and stability curves respectively and are attached with antenna posture and polarization metadata, which are sent to the concentrator side link selector together for updating the mapping strategy of cross-medium priority and key packet. In this way, the two physical problems of whether the guided propagation in the cabinet is stable and whether the cabinet and the cabinet are accessible are decoupled and evaluated, and then the strategy layer is combined to make a decision, so as to optimize the packet transmission path in the single cabinet and the accessibility of cross-cabinet cooperation at the same time, so that the secondary path can obtain a longer effective distance and a smaller time delay spread when deployed in a single cabinet, and in a multi-cabinet cooperation, the key packet can be reliably penetrated without increasing the transmission power, the frequency point selection is more targeted and the reselection times are reduced, and the first packet arrival time and success rate of the overall key message are improved.

[0036] In some examples, the high-speed wireless radio frequency communication channel is based on the terminal transmitting a detection pulse at a plurality of candidate frequency points, including: The detection pulse is triggered by the terminal at a plurality of candidate frequency points within the grid zero-crossing phase window based on the high-speed wireless radio frequency communication channel, and the duty cycle of the detection pulse is lower than a preset ratio.

[0037] For example, the terminal first acquires the power grid power frequency zero-crossing time using existing power side synchronization information, which can be obtained from the time base broadcast of the concentrator, the phase marker carried by the HPLC carrier frame header, or obtained by local voltage sampling and digital phase-locked tracking. A phase time window adjacent to the zero-crossing is reserved for the wireless side in each integral period. Then, the detection trigger of multiple candidate frequency points is arranged based on the time window, and a non-overlapping micro time slot is allocated to each frequency point and a slight time jitter is applied to disperse the same frequency detection probability with other devices. Before entering the respective micro time slot, the transmission link self-checking and antenna standing wave threshold confirmation are completed, and only in the case that the check is passed and the station electromagnetic compatibility strategy allows, a very short pulse is triggered. The wireless side duty cycle of the entire detection period is constrained by the upper limit proportion issued by the concentrator and is accumulated and counted locally in real time. If the threshold is exceeded, it enters the backoff. During the detection process, the proportion of available subcarriers on the HPLC side and the pulse noise alarm are also monitored. If the power line channel is in a fragile period, the wireless trigger is automatically delayed to avoid mutual influence when both channels are in a high sensitivity state. All triggers and measurements are completed within the zero-crossing phase window. Therefore, the rectifier, frequency converter and switching power supply on the power distribution side have relatively low switching interference and harmonic injection near the voltage zero-crossing moment, the conductor potential change rate is reduced, the recovery process of the parasitic junction is more gentle, combined with the low duty cycle of the short pulse transmission, the additional disturbance to the surrounding secondary equipment and HPLC can be significantly reduced, and the echo measured by the wireless is less polluted by strong pulse noise and periodic power frequency ripple, which improves the estimation confidence of parameters such as energy dissipation, group delay jitter and dominant component stability, thereby meeting the prerequisites of spectrum and station electromagnetic compatibility, the disturbance of the detection pulse to the environment is smaller, the repeatability of the leakage waveguide characteristics can be obtained on the basis of higher signal-to-noise, and the time domain peak avoidance of HPLC reduces the interference coupling probability of the two media, the key small packet secondary path selection is more reliable, in addition, the controlled duty cycle and adaptive backoff reduce the risk of supervision and mutual interference in long-term operation, forming a sustainable on-site inspection and online judgment mechanism.

[0038] In some examples, further comprising: Setting an upper limit of the transmission power of the working frequency point to meet a preset electromagnetic compatibility constraint, the preset electromagnetic compatibility constraint being composed of a field strength limit threshold and a sideband leakage threshold, so that the terminal only enables the working frequency point when both the field strength limit threshold and the sideband leakage threshold are satisfied.

[0039] Exemplarily, after determining the working frequency point, the terminal first loads the radio frequency front-end configuration matched with the frequency point, such as the band-pass filter, the power amplifier gain step, the digital-analog front-end sampling rate and the digital shaping coefficient, and then enters the electromagnetic compatibility self-checking process. On the one hand, the field strength is quickly estimated at the specified measurement point of the cabinet shell by the near-field probe or the coupling clamp, the field strength value at the equivalent distance and the regulatory reference height is converted, and the field strength value is compared with the field strength limit threshold. On the other hand, the out-of-band energy integration and the adjacent channel leakage ratio measurement of the transmitted signal are performed on the local spectrum monitoring channel, and it is checked whether the sideband leakage is lower than the sideband leakage threshold, and at the same time, it is checked whether the local digital pre-distortion and pulse shaping reach the predetermined spectral shoulder suppression level. If any index is out of limit, the terminal reduces the power amplifier gain by steps and enables the more steep digital shaping and front-end filter combination, and re-measures until the field strength and the sideband leakage simultaneously meet the threshold, or it is determined that the frequency point cannot be enabled in the current attitude and polarization, and the sub-optimal frequency point rollback is triggered. In order to cope with the long-term drift caused by environmental and load changes, the terminal periodically performs micro-power re-measurement at a low duty cycle during the secondary path keep-alive period, and re-measures immediately when the temperature rise, power supply voltage fluctuation or cabinet door state changes. If necessary, the power upper limit is dynamically tightened and the adjustment log and timestamp are recorded and reported. In this way, the availability and electromagnetic compatibility of the cabinet / duct type waveguide secondary path are bound as double conditions, so that the transmission field strength does not exceed the allowed radiation boundary on site, and at the same time, the out-of-band influence on adjacent services and power carrier subcarriers is constrained to be within an acceptable range through the sideband leakage threshold, and the spectral shoulder is suppressed through power amplifier linearization, digital shaping and filtering. Therefore, without sacrificing the stability of the secondary path, the potential interference risk to the protection relay, metering device and HPLC narrowband subcarrier is effectively reduced, ensuring that the key small packet transmission remains regulatory compliant and station electromagnetic compatible in the whole life cycle, and the enabling determination is improved from one-time static calibration to sustainable online guarantee mechanism through adaptive power convergence and rollback strategy.

[0040] In some cases, the HPLC is strongly phase-dependent on the rectified noise and switching noise, and the conventional continuous transmission wastes the noise peak. Considering that the noise trough near the zero-crossing of the power grid can be utilized, the HRF broadcasts the phase reference in advance, and the HPLC completes the short burst transmission and channel measurement within the permitted phase window. In some examples, the phase reference of detection and transmission is determined based on the zero-crossing event of the power frequency, wherein the concentrator obtains the power frequency reference phase and periodically broadcasts the phase reference information through the high-speed wireless radio frequency communication channel, and the terminal triggers a very weak detection pulse and service small packet transmission within the predetermined zero-crossing phase window according to the phase reference.

[0041] The start and end boundaries of the zero-crossing phase window are determined according to the phase consistency and phase jitter statistics of the power distribution area, so that in the case of multiple terminals participating at the same time, the phase deviation of at least a certain proportion of terminals falls within the phase window. The concentrator assigns priority to the phase window based on the statistical portrait of historical noise energy distribution and rectifier switch timing, and periodically fine-tunes the position and width of the phase window to make the measured packet loss rate and group delay quantile difference within the window simultaneously lower than the corresponding threshold. The terminal performs burst transmission and channel measurement according to the time division transmission table issued by the concentrator within the phase window, which includes terminal identification, time slot start and end, standby order and collision backoff parameters. When abnormal narrowband interference or impulse noise is detected within the phase window, the terminal or concentrator triggers a small amplitude shift of the phase window position and a shortening of the burst length, and reevaluates the packet loss rate difference inside and outside the window after adjustment to determine whether to keep the adjustment. The extremely weak probe pulse triggers within the phase window, with a duty cycle not higher than a preset proportion, and maintains a clock deviation not greater than a preset threshold from the phase reference frame broadcast by the high-speed wireless radio frequency communication channel. The concentrator respectively counts the packet loss rate, first packet delay quantile number and group delay quantile difference within and outside the phase window, generates a phase window effectiveness score based on the difference between the two, and uses the score as one of the decision factors of the link selector. When the power frequency phase consistency measured at multiple points in the power distribution area is lower than the threshold or the phase jitter exceeds the threshold, the concentrator suspends the transmission arrangement based on the phase window and falls back to the regular adaptive transmission strategy, while reducing the triggering frequency of the extremely weak probe pulse to reduce the interference risk caused by uncertainty. The duration and position of the phase window are calculated by compensating for the length of the power distribution area conductor, the typical load composition, and the propagation delay of the zero-crossing signal on the feeder, and are reevaluated according to changes in the field structure during the maintenance period. The cross-media service allocation strategy prioritizes out-of-limit alarms, remote confirmation, and metering cycle headers within the phase window, arranges firmware upgrade fragments and batch meter reading tasks outside the phase window, and triggers mirror transmission on the power line carrier communication channel if no confirmation receipt is obtained within the phase window. The concentrator records the version number and effective time stamp of the phase window version change, and compares and evaluates the packet loss rate, retransmission times and first packet delay within the observation window after the change, to decide whether to keep, rollback or continue fine-tuning the phase window configuration. The determination of the phase window also considers local electromagnetic compatibility constraints and sideband leakage thresholds, so that the transmit power spectral density and sideband leakage under any phase window scheme meet the preset limit.

[0042] It should be noted that the concentrator takes the power distribution network power frequency signal as the reference, collects the three-phase voltage waveform through the local high-precision sampling module or indirectly through the transformer, establishes a stable power frequency reference phase using the zero-crossing detection algorithm and the phase-locked loop, and then broadcasts the periodic reference frame on the high-speed wireless radio frequency communication channel. The broadcast frame should include the phase reference timestamp, the current power frequency phase, the short-term phase jitter estimation, and the time validity period field. After receiving, the terminal aligns the local clock to the reference time and calculates the start and end of the next zero-crossing window, so as to trigger the extremely weak detection pulse and service packet transmission within the predetermined phase window. Considering that most rectification and switching noise has higher probability of spikes and disturbances near non-zero-crossing, while the zero-crossing area often presents a lower average noise level, by concentrating the phase window alignment, the signal-to-noise ratio of burst transmission and measurement can be significantly improved, and random collisions can be reduced. In turn, the window error rate is lower than the control value under the same conditions outside the window, the first packet delay quantile converges, the group delay statistics is more stable, and the conflict probability caused by random competition is reduced due to all terminals sharing the reference phase.

[0043] For example, in order to balance the concurrent demand of multiple terminals and the individual line differences, the concentrator collects the phase deviation distribution and short-term phase jitter statistics reported by each terminal within a certain evaluation period, determines the start and end boundaries in quantile or robust statistical manner, so that at least a certain proportion of terminals, for example not less than 80%, can still fall into the phase window after line transmission and local clock drift. The boundary calculation should consider the feeder length, terminal electrical angle difference and reference broadcast propagation delay, and if necessary, set sub-windows for different feeders or different cabinet columns and train them in time division alternation. Considering that in a multi-terminal system, a single optimal point does not equal to the overall optimal, a properly relaxed phase window can maximize the simultaneous hit rate of all terminals and reduce the scheduling fragmentation of the concentrator side, thereby increasing the number of effective bursts per unit time, shortening the tail of the overall network first packet delay, and reducing the proportion of retransmission fallback. In the scenario of a large number of terminals, the overall network throughput is smoother.

[0044] For example, the concentrator maintains the historical noise energy distribution and the switching timing image of power electronic devices such as rectifiers, frequency converters, etc., gives priority to different phase window configurations, re-evaluates at fixed periods during operation, and if the packet error rate and group delay quantile difference in the window do not simultaneously reach the threshold requirement, the position and width of the phase window are shifted or contracted and expanded by small steps. The granularity of the shift can be divided into several sub-sections according to the power frequency period. After each fine adjustment, an observation interval is set to collect updated indicators and avoid frequent oscillations. This strategy is based on the fact that time-dependent noise is not static and is related to load rhythm. By prioritizing and fine-tuning, the local optimal time slot can be continuously approached without increasing transmission power, thereby achieving long-term stability rather than occasional improvement of window performance. The downward trend of the packet error rate curve and the convergence of the group delay quantile difference can be measured within a continuous period, and the number of configuration changes is kept within a controllable range to reduce maintenance disturbances.

[0045] For example, the concentrator determines the phase window according to the determined phase window, and issues a time division transmission table containing terminal identification, time slot start and end, standby order and collision backoff parameters to each terminal. After the terminal aligns the reference phase locally, it strictly initiates a very weak probe pulse and a short burst of business packets in the specified time slot, while recording the echo amplitude and group delay estimation in the measurement register and reporting it uniformly at the end of the window. If there are multiple terminals sharing the same time slot, the standby order and backoff parameters are used to control retries and avoid high-intensity competition within the window. Thus, replacing complete random access with centralized scheduling will significantly reduce the probability of intra-window collision, while retaining the backoff strategy to deal with occasional reference drift or individual delay anomalies. The intra-window collision rate is significantly reduced, the available measurement sample density is improved, and the first packet confirmation of burst traffic is faster, thereby providing higher-quality data for subsequent link selection and frequency reservation.

[0046] For example, when the terminal or concentrator determines that there is an abnormal narrowband interference or burst pulse noise in the phase window, it immediately triggers a fine amplitude window shift or shortens the burst duration and starts a comparison evaluation after adjustment. The packet error rate difference between the window and the window, the group delay quantile difference, and the echo robustness index before and after adjustment are evaluated for a short period. If the new configuration performs better in consecutive periods, the adjustment is fixed, otherwise it automatically reverts. Considering that the actual electromagnetic environment has transient and intermittent interference sources, fast and small adjustments can avoid local dirt points, and shortening the burst duration can reduce the probability of overlapping with interference, thereby maintaining window availability during interference and reducing the tail effect of long-term performance decline, and limiting the oscillation caused by excessive adjustment through automatic rollback.

[0047] For example, the extremely weak probe pulse must be limited to a duty cycle no higher than a preset ratio, which is recommended to be much lower than one percent, and a hardware timer and clock calibration mechanism are used to ensure that the clock deviation from the reference frame does not exceed a preset threshold. The terminal makes a quick correction to the local oscillator drift after each completion of reference frame alignment and, if necessary, uses interpolation or extrapolation methods to compensate for slight drift in the reference interval, ensuring that the probe and service bursts fall within the effective phase window. As a result, the duty cycle constraint reduces electromagnetic exposure and field interference risk to a negligible level, while strict time alignment ensures that the measured group delay is comparable and reusable with echo results, and high signal-to-noise ratio measurement data is still obtained under the electromagnetic compatibility boundary condition, while maintaining a stable transmission window hit rate. The rationality of the configuration can be verified by statistically analyzing the probe overhead ratio and hit rate.

[0048] For example, the concentrator continuously samples and archives the error packet rate, first packet delay quantile, and group delay quantile difference within and outside the window. A robust evaluation function is used to calculate the difference value and generate a phase window effectiveness score, which is an important decision factor for the link selector and an alarm triggering condition. When the score is below the threshold, the key service is temporarily arranged in the window, and when the score is high, the service carrying priority of the window is increased and the time slot number is moderately expanded. Long-term statistics based on observable indicators can reflect the objective benefits of window selection, quantifying the advantages of low physical noise valleys as scheduling weights at the network layer, enabling link selection and service arrangement to be explainable and traceable. The effectiveness of the phase window strategy can be evaluated by the operation and maintenance side through correlation analysis of the score trend and the service SLA compliance rate.

[0049] For example, when the phase consistency of the power frequency measured by multiple points in the area is below the threshold or the phase jitter is out of tolerance, the concentrator immediately suspends the arrangement based on the phase window and reverts to the regular adaptive transmission strategy, while reducing the triggering frequency of the extremely weak probe pulse to reduce invalid attempts under high uncertainty. When the consistency returns to the safe interval, the phase window scheduling is gradually restored according to the cold start process. Considering that when the network time base correlation is insufficient, continuing to align the window will amplify collision and drift errors, active rollback can avoid performance avalanches. As a result, the network remains stable under abnormal electrical conditions without excessive consumption of probe resources and introduction of additional interference, and after recovery, it can smoothly return to the steady-state working point based on the phase window.

[0050] In some examples, further comprising: configuring a neighboring area cooperative relay mechanism for terminals located at the border of a station area, the concentrator issuing a neighboring area white list containing the neighboring area concentrator identification, allowed traffic types, rate upper limit and quota threshold to the border terminals at the master station side; when the border terminal detects that the high-speed wireless radio frequency communication channel of the station area to which it belongs is lost or the high-speed power carrier communication channel continuously fails within a preset time length, starting the relay mode, and only sending key packets such as out-of-bound alarm, remote control confirmation and metering period header to the neighboring area concentrator in the white list through the high-speed wireless radio frequency communication channel; the neighboring area concentrator, after verifying the source identity, traffic type and quota, transfers the received packets to the master concentrator to which the border terminal belongs through the uplink backbone network, and generates a relay result record when the relay is completed or the relay is refused; the master concentrator, when receiving the relayed packets, performs accounting and deduplication according to the sequence number and time stamp, and marks the relay label for subsequent metering compliance and maintenance statistics, while statistically evaluating the relay trigger cause and frequency to adjust the link priority and hardware deployment strategy of the station area border, thereby improving the accessibility of key packets in the border area and suppressing long tail latency.

[0051] It can be understood that first, the terminal in the border area is identified and marked by the master station, and its stability level in the border area is evaluated according to the historical packet loss curve, the first packet delay quantile and the adjacent wireless coverage intensity. In the acceptance stage, the white list of adjacent area cooperation forwarding is issued for such terminals, which contains the allowed adjacent concentrator identification, the bearable service type, the upper limit of the rate of single terminal and single cycle, the quota threshold, and the forwarding session validity period and cooling time. The border terminal continuously monitors the heartbeat confirmation and beacon reception of the high-speed wireless radio frequency link in the current area and the continuous sending result of the high-speed power carrier link during the running period. When it is detected that the wireless link is disconnected within the set window or the power carrier continuously fails within the preset time length, it enters the forwarding mode and only selects the small packets marked as key such as out-of-limit alarm, remote control confirmation and metering cycle header as forwarding objects. At the same time, a sequence number, a time stamp and a source identification are added to each forwarding small packet, which is encapsulated by end-to-end integrity check and lightweight identity signature, and then sent to the target adjacent concentrator in the white list through the local wireless interface; the adjacent concentrator receives the small packet and performs quick check on the source identification, service type and quota occupation. Under the premise of no overload and white list matching, it accepts the forwarded data and generates a forwarding record locally, which covers the source terminal identification, reception time, quota occupation, transfer destination and processing result, and then transfers the small packet to the master concentrator to which the source terminal belongs through the existing uplink backbone network, and returns the reason code when the forwarding is rejected or exceeds the quota so that the border terminal performs backoff and cooling. When the master concentrator receives the forwarded small packet, it completes the accounting and deduplication with the sequence number and time stamp, writes the forwarding mark into the metering compliance evidence chain log to support subsequent audit, and includes the specific reason of forwarding trigger, trigger frequency, adjacent path delay and success rate into periodic statistics, which is used to dynamically adjust the link priority, white list strategy and antenna position of the border area and other site layout parameters, and set loop protection strategy, such as carrying survival time limit in the forwarding header to prevent the same small packet from being transferred back and forth across multiple adjacent areas, and limiting the maximum concurrency of single adjacent session to avoid the adjacent area being flooded by the border terminal traffic.To reduce the impact on the adjacent area, the boundary terminal follows the rate shaping and burst suppression rules during relay, and exits the relay mode immediately after receiving the normal reply from the main concentrator to restore the local area path. When the relay proportion abnormally increases for a long time, the main station triggers the operation and maintenance alarm to guide the on-site optimization of the boundary coverage and carrier coupling conditions. The principle of the above process is to use physical adjacent coverage and backbone reachability to provide a controlled short-distance transfer channel for the boundary terminal when the local area path is temporarily unavailable. At the same time, through the whitelist, quota, time limit, deduplication and audit log, a safe and compliant boundary is maintained, so that the key packet still has a higher arrival probability in the weakest area and suppresses the long tail delay. As a result, the reachability of the key service of the boundary terminal is improved, the high quantile value of the first packet delay is reduced, the repeated account proportion is reduced, and the adjacent area load is kept within a controllable threshold. The success rate of relay, the trigger rate of relay, the backbone transfer delay, and the audit sampling pass rate can be used as indicators for quantitative verification.

[0052] In some examples, further comprising: setting a time alignment tolerance interval of tens to hundreds of milliseconds for the power distribution branch with high reclosing frequency at the edge node side; within the time alignment tolerance interval, without modifying the time reference of the uploaded record, a content consistency check field is added to the continuously arrived event record, the content consistency check field including one or more of the shape similarity of the voltage waveform, the zero sequence component change amplitude in the same sampling window, and the adjacent power frequency cycle harmonic proportion mutation degree; the edge node performs content consistency correction on the event sequence based on the content consistency check field, and in the case that the record arriving first in time and the record arriving later in time have a causal corresponding relationship in physical content, the original time stamp is kept unchanged and the processing order mark corresponding to it in the event queue is adjusted, and a reclosing influence label is added to the sequence for subsequent model and bearer scheduling module differentiated processing; the event sequence after content consistency correction is input into the risk assessment and bearer scheduling module, so as to reduce the false judgment and repeated mitigation action caused by the short window error sequence caused by the fast reclosing of the intelligent circuit breaker, thereby maintaining the processing priority and system stability of the key report in the disturbance period.

[0053] For example, first, the main station marks the target distribution branch with high incidence based on historical reclosing statistics, branch failure rate and oscillation return time, and issues time alignment tolerance interval parameters, such as 40-80 ms, 120-200 ms and 260-320 ms, to the corresponding edge node. The edge node keeps the time reference of the existing sampling and event uploading unchanged on the access side, while constructing a content consistency check buffer for the records continuously arriving within the tolerance interval. The buffer temporarily stores a number of candidate events in the order of arrival and calculates the interpretable features for each record, including voltage waveform shape similarity measured by sliding window correlation, zero sequence component change amplitude compared with the same sampling window reference value, harmonic proportion mutation degree based on the difference in harmonic energy distribution of adjacent two power frequency periods, and three types of features are robustly normalized and threshold judged. When the first-arrived record in the buffer and the subsequently-arrived record present obvious cause-and-effect correspondence in the above features, for example, the first-arrived record is voltage sag accompanied by zero sequence rise, and the subsequently-arrived record is voltage recovery with harmonic proportion falling, and the correlation between the two exceeds the set threshold and the time difference falls within the tolerance interval, the edge node does not modify the original record timestamp, but only adjusts the processing order mark in the event queue, places the record that arrives later but represents the state return better in the previous processing position, and attaches a reclosing influence label to the record group and writes it into the check summary and judgment reason. If the features in the buffer do not meet the cause-and-effect correspondence or exceed the tolerance interval and still do not form a match, the edge node submits according to the original arrival order to avoid long delay. After completing the order mark adjustment, the event sequence enters the risk assessment and bearing scheduling module, which adopts a differentiated strategy for events with reclosing influence labels to avoid repeated triggering of spectrum migration, priority preemption or redundant retransmission and other mitigation actions in the short window out-of-order phase, and maintains the processing priority of key reports. To ensure traceability and compliance, the edge node writes the version number of each order mark adjustment, tolerance interval, effective time and feature value range into the local log and reports it periodically to the centralized side for threshold backtracking and model retraining. In this way, the continuity and interpretable differences in waveform morphology, zero sequence component and harmonic structure left by the same physical process within a short time are used to make up for the indistinguishability of pure timestamp sorting under the disturbance of hundreds of milliseconds, so as to achieve semantic consistency of the event queue with minimal intervention, so that the event out-of-order rate in the reclosing period is significantly reduced, the protective strategies and unnecessary retransmissions caused by false triggering are significantly reduced, the key reports maintain the correct processing order within the disturbance window, the stability and interpretability of the overall system are enhanced, and the out-of-order proportion, false triggering times, first packet delay quantile and retransmission rate of key reports before and after the tolerance interval are compared to verify the effectiveness of the method.

[0054] The above describes the intelligent power grid information acquisition method based on dual-mode communication in the embodiments of the application, and the intelligent power grid information acquisition system based on dual-mode communication in the embodiments of the application is described below.

[0055] Please refer to Figure 2 An embodiment of the smart grid information acquisition system based on dual-mode communication described in the embodiments of the present application can include: The detection unit 201 is configured to, in the case that the wireless communication environment includes metal cabinet and / or wire slot in the power distribution room, transmit detection pulses by the terminal at multiple candidate frequency points based on a high-speed wireless radio frequency communication channel; The acquisition unit 202 is configured to acquire echo and energy dissipation measurement values corresponding to the detection pulses, construct a waveguide-like determination model, and record leakage waveguide characteristic parameters; The transmission unit 203 is configured to select a working frequency point for forming a stable secondary path based on the leakage waveguide characteristic parameters, so as to perform key small packet information transmission through the obtained cabinet and / or wire slot waveguide-like secondary path available at the working frequency point.

[0056] The above Figure 2 The smart grid information acquisition system based on dual-mode communication in the embodiments of the present application is described from the perspective of modular functional entities, and the smart grid information acquisition system based on dual-mode communication in the embodiments of the present application is described in detail from the perspective of hardware processing. Please refer to Figure 3 An embodiment of the smart grid information acquisition system based on dual-mode communication in the embodiments of the present application includes: The input device 301, the output device 302, the processor 303, and the memory 304, wherein the number of the processor 303 can be one or more, Figure 3 In some embodiments of the present application, the input device 301, the output device 302, the processor 303, and the memory 304 can be connected through a bus or other means, wherein, Figure 3 In some embodiments of the present application, the input device 301, the output device 302, the processor 303, and the memory 304 can be connected through a bus or other means, wherein,

[0057] By invoking the operation instructions stored in the memory 304, the processor 303 is configured to perform the following steps: In the case that the wireless communication environment includes metal cabinet and / or wire slot in the power distribution room, transmit detection pulses by the terminal at multiple candidate frequency points based on a high-speed wireless radio frequency communication channel; Acquire echo and energy dissipation measurement values corresponding to the detection pulses, construct a waveguide-like determination model, and record leakage waveguide characteristic parameters; Select a working frequency point for forming a stable secondary path based on the leakage waveguide characteristic parameters, so as to perform key small packet information transmission through the obtained cabinet and / or wire slot waveguide-like secondary path available at the working frequency point.

[0058] By invoking the operation instructions stored in the memory 304, the processor 303 is further configured to performFigure 1 Any of the ways in the corresponding embodiments.

[0059] Please refer to Figure 4 , Figure 4 An embodiment of an electronic device provided in the present application is shown in the accompanying drawings.

[0060] As Figure 4 shown, the present application provides an electronic device, comprising a memory 304, a processor 303, and a computer program 411 stored in the memory 304 and executable on the processor 303, and the processor 303 implements the following steps when executing the computer program 411: In the case where the wireless communication environment includes metal cabinet and / or wire slot in the power distribution room, the terminal transmits a probe pulse at multiple candidate frequency points based on a high-speed wireless radio frequency communication channel; Collect echo and energy dissipation measurement values corresponding to the probe pulse, construct a waveguide-like determination model, and record the leakage waveguide characteristic parameters; Select a working frequency point for forming a stable secondary path based on the leakage waveguide characteristic parameters, so as to transmit key small packet information through the obtained cabinet and / or wire slot waveguide-like secondary path available at the working frequency point.

[0061] In the specific implementation process, when the processor 303 executes the computer program 411, the following steps can be implemented Figure 1 Any of the ways in the corresponding embodiments.

[0062] Since the electronic device introduced in the present embodiment is the device used to implement the intelligent power grid information acquisition system based on dual-mode communication in the present application, based on the method introduced in the present application, those skilled in the art can understand the specific implementation of the electronic device of the present embodiment and its various forms, so the implementation of the method in the present application by the electronic device is not described in detail, as long as the device used by those skilled in the art to implement the method in the present application belongs to the scope of protection of the present application.

[0063] Please refer to Figure 5 , Figure 5 An embodiment of a computer readable storage medium provided in the present application is shown in the accompanying drawings.

[0064] As Figure 5 shown, the present embodiment provides a computer readable storage medium 500, which stores a computer program 511, and the computer program 511 is executed by a processor to implement the following steps: In the case where the wireless communication environment includes metal cabinet and / or wire slot in the power distribution room, the terminal transmits a probe pulse at multiple candidate frequency points based on a high-speed wireless radio frequency communication channel; collecting echo and energy dissipation measurement corresponding to the detection pulse, constructing waveguide-like determination model and recording waveguide leakage characteristic parameters; selecting operating frequency point for forming stable sub-path based on the waveguide leakage characteristic parameters, so as to transmit key packet information through the obtained cabinet and / or waveguide-like waveguide sub-path available at the operating frequency point.

[0065] By calling the operation instructions stored in the memory 304, the processor 303 is also used for executing Figure 1 any of the corresponding embodiments.

[0066] The above-described and above-mentioned embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present application, but not to limit them; although the present application has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that the technical solutions recorded in the foregoing embodiments can still be modified, or some technical features can be replaced by equivalents; and these modifications or replacements do not make the essence of the corresponding technical solutions deviate from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application.

Claims

1. A method for smart grid information collection based on dual-mode communication, characterized in that, The method comprises the following steps: In the case of a wireless communication environment including a metal cabinet and / or a wire slot in a power distribution room, a terminal transmits a probe pulse at multiple candidate frequencies based on a high-speed wireless radio frequency communication channel; Collecting echo and energy dissipation measurement values corresponding to the probe pulse, constructing a waveguide-like judgment model and recording leakage waveguide characteristic parameters; Based on the leakage waveguide characteristic parameters, select a working frequency point for forming a stable secondary path to transmit key small packet information through the obtained cabinet and / or wire slot waveguide-like secondary path available at the working frequency point.

2. The method of claim 1, wherein, The method comprises the following steps: Based on the leakage waveguide characteristic parameters, select a working frequency point, antenna installation posture and polarization angle for forming a stable secondary path, and generate an attenuation-frequency curve corresponding to the working frequency point; Input the attenuation-frequency curve into the link selector on the concentrator side to update the cross-medium link priority, identify the cabinet and / or wire slot waveguide-like secondary path available at the working frequency point, and transmit key small packet information through the cabinet and / or wire slot waveguide-like secondary path.

3. The method of claim 1, wherein, Further comprising: In the case of identifying the available cabinet and / or wire slot waveguide-like secondary path, execute a cross-medium service allocation strategy, which prioritizes the transmission of cabinet-to-cabinet key small packets using the high-speed wireless radio frequency communication channel and transmits the remaining service packets using a high-speed power carrier communication channel.

4. The method of claim 1, wherein, The leakage waveguide characteristic parameters include at least one of standing wave ratio, equivalent quality factor, leakage attenuation constant and group delay; The frequency set covered by the multiple candidate frequency points includes a first sub-set and a second sub-set, the first sub-set is used for cabinet internal propagation evaluation, and the second sub-set is used for cabinet-to-cabinet penetration evaluation, and the terminal is used to complete the transmission and measurement of the probe pulse in the two types of sub-sets respectively.

5. The method of claim 1, wherein, The method comprises the following steps: Trigger the probe pulse at multiple candidate frequencies by the terminal based on the high-speed wireless radio frequency communication channel within the grid zero-crossing phase window, and the duty cycle of the probe pulse is lower than a preset proportion.

6. The method of claim 1, wherein, Further comprising: Set an upper limit of the transmission power of the working frequency point to meet a preset electromagnetic compatibility constraint, which is composed of a field strength limit threshold and a sideband leakage threshold, so that the terminal only enables the working frequency point when both the field strength limit threshold and the sideband leakage threshold are met.

7. The method of claim 1, wherein, The high-speed power carrier communication channel is used to carry firmware upgrade fragments, batch meter reading and log reporting, the high-speed wireless radio frequency communication channel is used to carry alarms, remote control instructions and confirmation frames, and the method further comprises: In the case of detecting that the high-speed wireless radio frequency communication channel is temporarily congested, temporarily mirror the alarm to the high-speed power carrier communication channel for sending.

8. A smart grid information acquisition system based on dual-mode communication, characterized in that, The method comprises the following steps: The detection unit is used for transmitting a detection pulse by a terminal at multiple candidate frequency points based on a high-speed wireless radio frequency communication channel in the case that a wireless communication environment includes a metal cabinet and / or a wire slot in a power distribution room. The acquisition unit is used for acquiring echo and energy dissipation measurement values corresponding to the detection pulse, constructing a waveguide-like judgment model, and recording a leakage waveguide characteristic parameter. The transmission unit is used for selecting a working frequency point for forming a stable secondary path based on the leakage waveguide characteristic parameter, and performing key packet information transmission through a cabinet and / or wire slot waveguide-like secondary path available at the working frequency point.

9. An electronic device, comprising: The electronic device includes at least one processor and at least one memory connected with the processor, wherein the processor is configured to invoke program instructions in the memory, and execute the smart grid information acquisition method based on dual-mode communication according to any one of claims 1 to 7.

10. A storage medium, characterized by The storage medium includes a stored program, wherein the device where the storage medium is located is controlled to execute the smart grid information acquisition method based on dual-mode communication according to any one of claims 1 to 7 when the program is running.

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