Intelligent positioning electrically-driven gas-mixing real-time variable fertilizer applicator

Abstract

The invention discloses an intelligent positioning electrically-driven gas-mixing real-time variable fertilizer applicator, and belongs to agricultural machinery. A fertilizer box assembly, a Beidou satellite signal receiving antenna, a positive pressure blower, an automatic controller and a fertilizer uniformizing device are fixedly arranged on a fertilizer distributor rack assembly, an organic nitrogen fertilizer cavity, a potassium nitrogen fertilizer cavity, a standby nitrogen fertilizer cavity, a phosphorus nitrogen fertilizer cavity and a nitrogen fertilizer cavity are arranged in the fertilizer box assembly, outer grooved wheel fertilizer feeders A, B, C, D and E with electric motors A, B, C, D and E respectively are sequentially arranged on the outer portion of the lower side of the fertilizer box assembly, and a fertilizer mixing pipe is hung on the lower portions of the outer grooved wheel fertilizer feeders A, B, C, D and E. One end of a fertilizer mixing pipe is connected with a positive pressure blower, the other end of the fertilizer mixing pipe is communicated with a fertilizer homogenizer through a corrugated pipe, the fertilizer homogenizer is communicated with a fertilizer furrow opener through a fertilizer conveying hose, a Beidou satellite signal receiving antenna is communicated with an automatic controller through a wire, and the automatic controller is communicated with electric motors A, B, C, D and E through wires. The machine is high in automation degree, high in mixed fertilizer applying and discharging precision, high in operation efficiency and scientific and reasonable in fertilizer application.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to agricultural machinery and mainly relates to a fertilizer applicator with intelligent automatic control, electric drive to regulate different fertilizers, and airflow to mix multiple fertilizers. Background Technology

[0002] To better adapt to and meet the various fertilizer requirements of crops during their growth process, and to achieve fertilizer conservation, reduce fertilizer loss and waste, lower fertilization costs, and minimize soil pollution, in recent years, soil testing for fertilizer content has been widely adopted. This is followed by mixing different fertilizers in varying proportions before application, taking into account the different fertilizer requirements of various crops, and then applying the mixture to the soil using fertilizer applicators. This soil testing and fertilization technology represents a significant improvement in accuracy and effectiveness compared to traditional fertilization techniques. However, due to the development of intensive farming, the fertilizer content varies considerably across different soil units within large plots. Applying pre-mixed fertilizers with uniform proportions is no longer sufficient to meet the growth and development needs of crops in different soil units within a large area. This results in insufficient or excessive amounts of certain fertilizer components in different soil units, leading to fertilizer loss and waste, increased fertilization costs, soil pollution, and negatively impacting crop growth and development. Therefore, the accuracy of mixed fertilizer application needs to be improved. In addition, the existing mixed fertilizers are all mixed before the fertilizer application equipment is used, and cannot be mixed on the fertilizer application equipment. Therefore, it is impossible to realize synchronous real-time variable adjustment based on the unit position in the plot during the fertilizer application process. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The purpose of this invention is to address the problems existing in the prior art and, in light of the current practical needs for mechanized application of mixed fertilizers to large areas of land, to develop and design an intelligent positioning electric-driven pneumatic-mixed real-time variable fertilizer applicator. This applicator aims to achieve high levels of intelligence, high efficiency in fertilization operations, high precision in fertilization, reduced fertilizer loss and waste, lower fertilization costs and fertilizer pollution to the land, scientifically and rationally adapt to and meet the needs of crop growth and development, and have a wide range of applications and strong adaptability.

[0004] The purpose of this invention is achieved as follows: A fixed fertilizer tank assembly, a Beidou satellite signal receiving antenna, a positive pressure blower, an automatic controller, and a fertilizer equalizer are sequentially supported on the fertilizer applicator frame. Inside the fertilizer tank assembly, organic fertilizer chambers, potassium fertilizer chambers, spare fertilizer chambers, phosphate fertilizer chambers, and nitrogen fertilizer chambers are sequentially and intermittently enclosed by partitions. External grooved wheel seed metering device A, external grooved wheel fertilizer metering device B, external grooved wheel fertilizer metering device C, external grooved wheel fertilizer metering device D, and external grooved wheel fertilizer metering device E are sequentially and interconnected at locations below the organic fertilizer chamber, potassium fertilizer chamber, spare fertilizer chamber, phosphate fertilizer chamber, and nitrogen fertilizer chamber. Electric motors A, B, C, D, and E are sequentially installed on external grooved wheel fertilizer metering devices A, B, C, and D, respectively. The fertilizer applicator is connected to the outer grooved wheel fertilizer applicator D and the outer grooved wheel fertilizer applicator E. The fertilizer mixing pipe is suspended and fixed on the lower side of the outer grooved wheel fertilizer applicators A, B, C, D, and E, and is connected to each other. The front end of the fertilizer mixing pipe is connected to the air outlet of the positive pressure fan, and the rear end of the fertilizer mixing pipe is connected to the fertilizer equalizer through a corrugated pipe. N fertilizer conveying hoses are evenly distributed and connected along the circumferential direction on the lower part of the circumferential edge of the fertilizer equalizer, and the discharge end of the fertilizer conveying hoses is connected to the fertilizer ditch opener. The Beidou satellite signal receiving antenna is connected to the single Beidou RTK positioning module wire in the automatic controller. The automatic controller is connected to the electric motors A, B, C, D, and E through wires, and automatically adjusts and controls the speed of the electric motors A, B, C, D, and E in real time. Thus, an intelligent positioning electric-driven air-mixed real-time variable fertilizer applicator is formed.

[0005] When applying mixed fertilizer in the field, this machine can achieve satellite positioning of the machine position, real-time variable adjustment of each fertilizer component, and uniform mixing of the machine with airflow. It features precise control of fertilizer component content and application location, high quality of mixed fertilizer, scientific and rational fertilizer use, low fertilization cost, reduced fertilizer loss and waste, reduced soil pollution, meeting the needs of crop growth and development, and strong applicability. It is especially suitable for mechanized operation of applying mixed fertilizer in large-scale intensive land plots. Attached Figure Description

[0006] Figure 1 This is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of the overall structure of the intelligent positioning electric-driven gas-mixed real-time variable fertilizer applicator; Figure 2 yes Figure 1 A rear-view 3D schematic diagram; Figure 3 yes Figure 1 A two-dimensional schematic diagram of direction A; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the fertilizer tank assembly and the fertilizer mixing pipe assembly structure; Figure 5 yes Figure 4 A two-dimensional schematic diagram of direction B; Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the mixed fertilizer pipe structure; Figure 7 yes Figure 6 The C-C sectional view.

[0007] Part number description in the image: 1. Fertilizer applicator frame; 2. Fertilizer box assembly; 2-1. Organic fertilizer chamber; 2-2. Potassium fertilizer chamber; 2-3. Spare fertilizer chamber; 2-4. Phosphate fertilizer chamber; 2-5. Nitrogen fertilizer chamber; 3. Beidou satellite signal receiving antenna; 4. Positive pressure blower; 5. Fertilizer trench opener; 6. Automatic controller; 7. Fertilizer equalizer; 8. Fertilizer conveying hose; 9. Fertilizer mixing pipe; 10. Corrugated pipe; 11. Electric motor A; 12. Electric motor B; 13. Electric motor C; 14. Electric motor D; 15. Electric motor E; 16. External grooved wheel fertilizer discharger A; 17. External grooved wheel fertilizer discharger B; 18. External grooved wheel fertilizer discharger C; 19. External grooved wheel fertilizer discharger D; 20. External grooved wheel fertilizer discharger E; 21. Blade shaft; 22. Torque; 23. Fertilizer mixing blade. Detailed Implementation

[0008] The embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. An intelligent positioning electric-driven gas-mixed real-time variable fertilizer applicator includes a fertilizer applicator frame 1 and N fertilizer furrow openers 5 mounted on the lower middle part of the fertilizer applicator frame 1. A fixed fertilizer tank assembly 2, a Beidou satellite signal receiving antenna 3, a positive pressure blower 4, an automatic controller 6, and a fertilizer equalizer 7 are sequentially supported on the fertilizer tank assembly 1. Inside the fertilizer tank assembly 2, organic fertilizer chamber 2-1, potassium fertilizer chamber 2-2, spare fertilizer chamber 2-3, phosphate fertilizer chamber 2-4, and nitrogen fertilizer chamber are sequentially and spaced apart by partitions. 2-5. On the lower exterior of the fertilizer tank assembly 2, below the organic fertilizer chamber 2-1, potassium fertilizer chamber 2-2, spare fertilizer chamber 2-3, phosphate fertilizer chamber 2-4, and nitrogen fertilizer chamber 2-5, external grooved wheel seed metering devices A16, B17, C18, D19, and E20 are sequentially installed and interconnected. Electric motors A11, B12, C13, D14, and E15 are sequentially installed... The outer grooved wheel fertilizer dispensers A16, B17, C18, D19, and E20 are interconnected; the mixing pipe 9 is suspended and fixed on the lower side of the outer grooved wheel fertilizer dispensers A, B, C, D, and E16, 17, 18, 19, and 20, and is interconnected; the front end of the mixing pipe 9 is connected to the air outlet of the positive pressure fan 4, and the rear end of the mixing pipe 9 is connected to the fertilizer equalizer 7 through the corrugated pipe 10; at the lower part of the circumferential edge of the fertilizer equalizer 7... N fertilizer conveying hoses 8 are evenly distributed and connected along the circumference of the upper part of the tube. The discharge end of the fertilizer conveying hoses 8 is connected to the fertilizer trench opener 5. The Beidou satellite signal receiving antenna 3 is connected to the single Beidou RTK positioning module wire in the automatic controller 6. The automatic controller 6 is connected to electric motors A, B, C, D, E11, 12, 13, 14, and 15 through wires, and automatically adjusts and controls the speed of electric motors A, B, C, D, E11, 12, 13, 14, and 15 in real time. A blade 21 is rotatably inserted into the wall of the fertilizer mixing tube 9. A fertilizer mixing blade 23 is fixed on the inner end of the blade 21, located inside the tube hole of the fertilizer mixing tube 9. A knob 22 is fixed on the outer end of the blade 21, located outside the fertilizer mixing tube 9.

[0009] Before operation, first, input and store the theoretical values ​​of various fertilizer components required for the germination and growth of the crop variety to be planted, including nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, organic fertilizer, etc., into the automatic controller 6. Then, input and store the prescription map of the actual fertilizer components in the soil of each unit plot after dividing the large area of ​​the sowing plot into unit plot coordinates into the automatic controller 6. Then, add the fertilizer, potassium fertilizer, phosphorus fertilizer, and nitrogen fertilizer into the organic fertilizer chamber 2-1, potassium fertilizer chamber 2-2, phosphorus fertilizer chamber 2-4, and nitrogen fertilizer chamber 2-5 of the fertilizer tank assembly 2, respectively. Turn on the automatic controller 6, and the machine will be pulled by the traction power implement in the fertilized field. Moving forward, the rotating electric motors A, B, D, E11, 12, 14, and 15 drive the external grooved wheel fertilizer dispensers A, B, D, E16, 17, 19, and 20 respectively to simultaneously deliver the organic, potassium, phosphorus, and nitrogen fertilizers from the organic fertilizer chamber 2-1, potassium fertilizer chamber 2-2, phosphorus fertilizer chamber 2-4, and nitrogen fertilizer chamber 2-5 of the fertilizer box assembly 2 into the mixing pipe 9. The positive pressure airflow from the positive pressure blower 4 flows within the mixing pipe 9 and, with the cooperation of the mixing blades 23 and the corrugated pipe 10, performs and completes the mixing process. After the mixing operation is completed, the mixed fertilizer is sequentially discharged through the N fertilizer delivery hoses 8 of the fertilizer equalizer 7 into the fertilizer trench opened by the fertilizer trench opener 5, thus completing the mixed fertilizer application operation.

[0010] During operation, based on the location of the machinery at a specific coordinate unit in the field plot as received by the Beidou satellite signal receiving antenna 3, the automatic controller 6 reads, identifies, and calculates the actual measured content values ​​of various fertilizer components in the soil of that coordinate unit plot and the theoretical values ​​for the planted crop. The automatic controller 6 then adjusts the speeds of electric motors A, B, D, E11, 12, 14, and 15 in real time, thereby changing the amount of organic, potassium, phosphorus, and nitrogen fertilizer applied by the outer grooved wheel fertilizer dispensers A, B, D, E16, 17, 19, and 20, and altering the content ratio of various fertilizer components in the mixed fertilizer to adapt to and meet the fertilization needs of that coordinate unit plot. Increasing the discharge rate of a certain fertilizer component increases the speed of the electric motor, and vice versa; when the amount of a certain fertilizer component is within the acceptable range or exceeds the acceptable range, the corresponding electric motor stops rotating. The above operation process is completed automatically and synchronously in real time.

[0011] When the demand for a certain fertilizer component is large in a plot, the fertilizer can be added using the spare fertilizer chamber 2-3. During operation, the electric motor C13 is started and the fertilizer discharger C18 is used to simultaneously increase the amount of fertilizer discharged.

Claims

1. A smart positioning electric-driven pneumatic-mixed real-time variable fertilizer applicator, comprising a fertilizer applicator frame (1) and N fertilizer furrow openers (5) mounted on the lower middle part of the fertilizer applicator frame (1), characterized in that: On the fertilizer applicator frame (1), a fixed fertilizer tank assembly (2), a Beidou satellite signal receiving antenna (3), a positive pressure blower (4), an automatic controller (6), and a fertilizer leveler (7) are sequentially supported. Inside the fertilizer tank assembly (2), an organic fertilizer chamber (2-1), a potassium fertilizer chamber (2-2), a spare fertilizer chamber (2-3), a phosphate fertilizer chamber (2-4), and a nitrogen fertilizer chamber (2-5) are sequentially and intermittently enclosed by partitions. On the lower outer side of the fertilizer tank assembly (2), located on the upper part of the organic fertilizer chamber (2-1), potassium fertilizer chamber (2-2), and spare fertilizer chamber (2-5), the following components are positioned: 2-3) At the lower part of the phosphate fertilizer chamber (2-4) and nitrogen fertilizer chamber (2-5), the outer grooved wheel seed metering device A (16), outer grooved wheel fertilizer metering device B (17), outer grooved wheel fertilizer metering device C (18), outer grooved wheel fertilizer metering device D (19), and outer grooved wheel fertilizer metering device E (20) are installed in sequence, which are connected to each other. The electric motors A (11), B (12), C (13), D (14), and E (15) are installed in sequence on the outer grooved wheel fertilizer metering device A (16), B (17), and C (20). (18) External grooved wheel fertilizer dispenser D (19) and external grooved wheel fertilizer dispenser E (20) are connected to each other; the fertilizer mixing pipe (9) is suspended and fixed on the lower side of external grooved wheel fertilizer dispensers A, B, C, D, E (16), (17), (18), (19), (20) and is connected to each other; the front end of the fertilizer mixing pipe (9) is connected to the air outlet of the positive pressure fan (4), and the rear end of the fertilizer mixing pipe (9) is connected to the fertilizer equalizer (7) through the corrugated pipe (10); N feed pipes are evenly distributed and connected along the circumferential direction on the lower part of the circumferential edge of the fertilizer equalizer (7). The fertilizer hose (8) is connected to the fertilizer ditch opener (5) at the discharge end; the Beidou satellite signal receiving antenna (3) is connected to the single Beidou RTK positioning module wire in the automatic controller (6); the automatic controller (6) is connected to the electric motors A, B, C, D, E (11), (12), (13), (14), (15) through wires, and automatically adjusts and controls the speed of the electric motors A, B, C, D, E (11), (12), (13), (14), (15) in real time.

2. The intelligent positioning electric-driven gas-mixed real-time variable fertilizer applicator according to claim 1, characterized in that: A blade (21) is rotatably inserted into the wall of the fertilizer mixing tube (9). A fertilizer mixing blade (23) is fixedly installed on the inner end of the blade (21) at the position inside the hole of the fertilizer mixing tube (9). A knob (22) is fixedly installed on the outer end of the blade (22) at the position outside the fertilizer mixing tube (9).

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