Profiling straw returning machine

Abstract

The invention discloses a profiling straw returning machine, and belongs to the technical field of mechanical design and manufacturing. The invention aims to solve the problem that a profiling straw returning machine is determined by existing equipment by connecting a four-bar mechanism with a raking rake mechanism. The device comprises a clip, a clip base, a profiling wheel and a raking rake, a lower suspension is mounted at the front end of a trapezoidal main frame, an upper suspension strut beam perpendicular to the trapezoidal main frame is mounted at the upper end of the lower suspension, and an upper suspension is mounted on a cross beam at the top end of the upper suspension strut beam; a profiling four-connecting-rod mechanism is installed on a rear beam of the trapezoid main machine frame, a raking rake mechanism is installed on the rear side of the profiling four-connecting-rod mechanism, and a depth-limiting profiling wheel mechanism is installed at the lower end of the rear side of the profiling four-connecting-rod mechanism. A four-connecting-rod floating structure is adopted, the land wheel limiting function is matched, up-down free adjustment is achieved, the adjustment precision is extremely high, secondary utilization of straw resources is achieved, and extra benefits are brought to farmers.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application belongs to the field of mechanical design and manufacturing technology. BACKGROUND

[0002] In the promotion of protective tillage technology, straw treatment has always been a key problem restricting the efficiency and quality of field work. The previous work processing method is difficult to clean the work belt, and the straw retreat affects the subsequent work; at the same time, the surface soil is easily taken away during work, causing the seedling belt to be reduced, which not only destroys the soil structure but also affects crop growth. SUMMARY

[0003] The purpose of the present application is to connect the straw raking mechanism through the four-bar linkage mechanism, thereby solving the existing equipment determined profiled straw return machine.

[0004] The present application comprises a clip and a clip base, a profiling wheel, a straw raking mechanism, a lower suspension is installed at the front end of the trapezoidal main rack, an upper suspension support beam perpendicular to the trapezoidal main rack is installed at the upper end of the lower suspension, an upper suspension is installed on the top beam of the upper suspension support beam; a profiled four-bar linkage mechanism is installed on the rear beam of the trapezoidal main rack, a straw raking mechanism is installed on the rear side of the profiled four-bar linkage mechanism, and a depth profiling wheel mechanism is installed at the lower end of the rear side of the profiled four-bar linkage mechanism; The profiled four-bar linkage mechanism is installed on the rear beam of the trapezoidal main rack through the four-bar linkage clip, the four-bar linkage front plate is fixedly installed on the clip base of the four-bar linkage clip, the front ends of the four-bar linkage upper link and the four-bar linkage lower link are installed on the four-bar linkage front plate through a pin shaft, the rear ends of the four-bar linkage upper link and the four-bar linkage lower link are installed on the four-bar linkage rear plate through a pin shaft, a tension spring positioning shaft tube is installed on the four-bar linkage lower link, a limiting tooth is opened on the upper surface of the four-bar linkage upper link, a limiting tooth groove corresponding to the limiting tooth is opened on the limiting tooth tube, the limiting tooth tube is located on the upper surface of the four-bar linkage upper link, and an adjusting tension spring is installed between the limiting tooth tube and the tension spring positioning shaft tube; The depth profiling wheel mechanism: the profiled wheel depth wheel support beam is fixedly installed at the bottom of the four-bar linkage rear plate, the profiled wheel depth wheel adjusting plate is installed on the profiled wheel depth wheel support beam through bolts, the profiled wheel insertion bracket is fixedly installed at the bottom of the profiled wheel depth wheel adjusting plate, and the wheel shaft of the profiled wheel is installed on the profiled wheel insertion bracket; The big crossbeam is fixedly installed on the rear side of the four-connecting-rod rear plate, and the grass raking mechanism is installed on the big crossbeam through the grass raking card; the grass raking support beam is fixedly installed on the card base of the grass raking card, and two pieces of grass raking clamping plates are installed at the bottom end of the grass raking support beam; the grass raking installation base is installed between the two pieces of grass raking clamping plates in the form of a shaft through the grass raking pin shaft, and the grass raking shaft is installed in the grass raking shaft sleeve at the bottom of the grass raking installation base; the adjusting pull rod support is fixedly installed on the grass raking installation base, the adjusting pull rod fork is installed on the adjusting pull rod support in the form of a shaft through the adjusting pull rod pin shaft, the adjusting pull rod fork is integrated with the adjusting pull rod, the adjusting pull rod is inserted into the guide groove of the pull rod guide plate, and the pull rod guide plate is fixed on the side surface of the grass raking support beam.

[0005] The upper suspension support beam pull rod is installed between the upper end of the upper suspension support beam and the rear beam of the trapezoidal main rack.

[0006] The profiled wheel limiting depth wheel adjusting plate is longitudinally provided with a plurality of adjusting holes corresponding to the bolt mounting holes on the profiled wheel limiting depth support beam.

[0007] The profiled wheel insertion frame is provided with a profiled wheel mudguard matched with the profiled wheel shape.

[0008] The grass raking mechanism is installed in the same direction or opposite direction with the grass raking mechanism.

[0009] The four-connecting-rod floating structure is adopted, the ground wheel limiting function is matched, the up-down free adjustment is realized, the adjustment precision is extremely high, the secondary utilization of straw resources is realized, and additional income is brought to farmers. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0010] Figure 1 It is a general structure schematic diagram of the present application, and the grass raking mechanism is installed in opposite direction; Figure 2 It is a connection relationship schematic diagram of the profiled four-connecting-rod mechanism, the grass raking mechanism and the limiting depth profiled wheel mechanism of the present application; Figure 3 It is a connection relationship schematic diagram of the profiled four-connecting-rod mechanism and the limiting depth profiled wheel mechanism of the present application; Figure 4 It is a structure schematic diagram of the profiled four-connecting-rod mechanism of the present application; Figure 5 It is a structure schematic diagram of the grass raking mechanism of the present application; Figure 6 It is a general structure schematic diagram of the present application, and the grass raking mechanism is installed in the same direction. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0011] This invention includes a clamp and a clamp base, a contour wheel 109, and a hay rake 9. The clamp and clamp base are a mutually cooperating and fixing device, which is used in many existing agricultural implements. The contour wheel 109 is also a ground wheel, serving to support the entire frame. The hay rake 9 is widely used in agriculture and horticulture, used to gather dried grass (for haymaking) or grain stalks into rows after harvesting, facilitating collection and baling.

[0012] The present invention has a lower suspension 4 installed at the front end of the trapezoidal main frame 6, an upper suspension support beam 3 perpendicular to the trapezoidal main frame 6 installed at the upper end of the lower suspension 4, and an upper suspension 5 installed on the top crossbeam of the upper suspension support beam 3; see Figure 1 On the left is the connecting mechanism for connecting the tractor to the agricultural implement behind it. The existing frame is basically a simple frame, but in order for the tractor to pull the agricultural implement of this invention smoothly, the frame mechanism has been modified. First, the flat frame is set into a trapezoidal structure, namely the trapezoidal main frame 6. At the end of the main frame connected to the tractor, a traction connection suspension (two lower suspensions 4 and one upper suspension 5) forming a triangle is set.

[0013] A contour-following four-bar linkage 7 is installed on the rear beam of the trapezoidal main frame 6. A hay rake mechanism 8 is installed behind the contour-following four-bar linkage 7. A limited-depth contour-following wheel mechanism 1 is installed at the lower rear end of the contour-following four-bar linkage 7. See Figure 1 The present invention illustrates three sets of hay-raking mechanisms, with a four-bar linkage adjustment mechanism added between each hay-raking mechanism and the frame. The detailed structure and connection relationship of the contour-following four-bar linkage 7 and the hay-raking mechanism 8 are described in detail below.

[0014] The contour four-bar linkage 7 is mounted on the rear beam of the trapezoidal main frame 6 via a four-bar linkage clamp 10. The four-bar linkage front plate 101 is fixedly mounted on the clamp base of the four-bar linkage clamp 10. The front ends of the upper four-bar linkage 102 and the lower four-bar linkage 112 are mounted on the four-bar linkage front plate 101 via pins. The rear ends of the upper four-bar linkage 102 and the lower four-bar linkage 112 are mounted on the four-bar linkage rear plate 106 via pins. A tension spring positioning shaft tube 113 is installed on the lower four-bar linkage 112. A limit tooth 105 is opened on the upper four-bar linkage 102. A limit tooth groove 104 is opened on the limit shaft tube 103 corresponding to the limit tooth 105. The limit shaft tube 103 is located on the upper four-bar linkage 102. An adjusting tension spring 114 is installed between the limit shaft tube 103 and the tension spring positioning shaft tube 113.

[0015] The structural connection relationship of the contour-following four-bar linkage 7 is shown in the figure. Figure 3 and Figure 4As shown in the figure, the four-bar front plate 101, the upper four-bar link 102, the lower four-bar link 112, and the rear four-bar plate 106 constitute a quadrilateral linkage mechanism. The illustration of this invention uses two corresponding sets, that is, the four-bar front plate 101, the upper four-bar link 102, the lower four-bar link 112, and the rear four-bar plate 106 are all corresponding pieces. The four-bar front plate 101 and the four-bar rear plate 106 are two fixed parts, and the four-bar upper link 102 and the four-bar lower link 112 are two moving parts. Each moving part is connected to the fixed part by a shaft. The four-bar front plate 101 is connected to the front frame (trapezoidal main frame 6), and the four-bar rear plate 106 is connected to two mechanisms (depth-limiting contour wheel mechanism 1 and grass rake mechanism 8). In this way, when the ground is uneven, as the tractor moves with its unevenness, the deformation and adjustment of the four-bar linkage will flexibly transmit the force to the depth-limiting contour wheel mechanism 1 and the hay rake mechanism 8.

[0016] After the four-bar linkage deforms on uneven terrain, it sometimes struggles to return to its original position. Therefore, to ensure the linkage returns to its original position, an adjusting tension spring 114 is added for auxiliary lifting. The tension spring positioning tube 113 is a fixed tube, while the limiting tube 103 is a movable tube. The tension spring positioning tube 113 is positioned forward (closer to the traction machine), and the limiting tube 103 is located in the middle or rear (closer to the rake mechanism 8). Thus, when the adjusting tension spring 114 is attached to both ends of the tension spring positioning tube 113 and the limiting tube 103, it forms an inclined position with the lower end forward and the upper end rearward.

[0017] See Figure 4 The upper surface of the upper link 102 of the four-bar linkage has teeth (limiting teeth 105). Corresponding to these teeth, the end of the limiting shaft tube 103 is provided with a tooth groove (limiting tooth groove 104). Through the cooperation of the tooth groove and the teeth, the position fixation between the limiting shaft tube 103 and the upper surface of the upper link 102 of the four-bar linkage is increased. In addition, as can be seen from the figure, there are multiple limiting teeth 105. In this way, by cooperating with different teeth, the distance between the limiting shaft tube 103 and the tension spring positioning shaft tube 113 can be increased, thereby increasing the tension of the adjusting tension spring 114.

[0018] Depth-limiting contour wheel mechanism 1: A contour wheel depth-limiting wheel support beam 108 is fixedly installed at the bottom of the four-link rear plate 106. A contour wheel depth-limiting wheel adjustment plate 107 is bolted to the contour wheel depth-limiting wheel support beam 108. A contour wheel bracket 111 is fixedly installed at the bottom of the contour wheel depth-limiting wheel adjustment plate 107. The axle of the contour wheel 109 is installed on the contour wheel bracket 111. See... Figure 3In the lower right corner, the contour wheel 109 supports the entire tool and is installed in conjunction with the contour wheel depth limit adjustment plate 107, the contour wheel depth limit support beam 108, and the contour wheel bracket 111.

[0019] The rake mechanism 8 is mounted on a large crossbeam 115 fixedly on the rear side of the four-link rear plate 106. The rake mechanism 8 is mounted on the large crossbeam 115 via rake clips 11. The rake support beam 801 is fixedly mounted on the clip base of the rake clips 11. Two rake clamps 804 are mounted on the bottom end of the rake support beam 801. The rake mounting base 806 is mounted between the two rake clamps 804 via a rake pin 805. A rake is mounted on the bottom of the rake mounting base 806. The rake bushing 807 and the rake shaft 808 of the rake 9 are installed inside the rake bushing 807; an adjusting rod support 809 is fixedly installed on the rake mounting base 806, and an adjusting rod fork 803 is installed on the adjusting rod support 809 in the form of an adjusting rod pin 810. The adjusting rod fork 803 and the adjusting rod 811 are fixed together. The adjusting rod 811 is inserted into the guide groove of the rod guide plate 802, and the rod guide plate 802 is fixed to the side of the rake support beam 801.

[0020] See Figure 4 The rake clip 11 and clip base are components installed on the main crossbeam 115. The rake mechanism 8 is installed on the main crossbeam 115 as a whole through the rake clip 11 and clip base, and the main crossbeam 115 is fixed to the rear side of the four-link rear plate 106.

[0021] For detailed structure of the hay rake mechanism 8, see [link to details]. Figure 5 As shown in the diagram, the rake support beam 801 is a fixed support beam with rake clamps 804 installed on both sides of its bottom. The rake clamps 804 consist of two pieces, resembling forks, supporting the rake mounting base 806. The rake mounting base 806 and the rake clamps 804 are connected by a shaft (rake pin 805), allowing the rake 9 to swing back and forth during operation. To prevent excessive swinging, a limiting structure is provided, consisting of a pull rod guide plate 802. The system consists of an adjusting lever fork 803, an adjusting lever 811, and an adjusting lever support 809. The adjusting lever support 809 and the adjusting lever fork 803 are connected by a shaft (adjusting lever pin 810). This structure shows that when the rake 9 and its connecting rods swing, the adjusting lever support 809 will swing along with it, causing it to rotate with the adjusting lever fork 803. At the same time, it will push the adjusting lever fork 803 and the adjusting lever 811 to move up and down within the limiting hole of the lever guide plate 802.

[0022] In this invention, an upper suspension beam tie rod 2 is installed between the upper end of the upper suspension beam 3 and the rear beam of the trapezoidal main frame 6. All upper suspension beam tie rods 2 are installed in a shaft-like manner. To ensure stability during traction by the traction machine, a support frame (upper suspension beam tie rod 2) is added to the rear side of the mounting frame (upper suspension beam 3) of the upper suspension 5. For ease of adjustment, the upper and lower ends of the upper suspension beam tie rod 2 are connected in a shaft-like manner. Simultaneously, the upper suspension beam 3 and the lower suspension 4 are also connected in a shaft-like manner. After the position is adjusted, these shaft parts can be fixed.

[0023] This invention features multiple longitudinal adjustment holes on the contour wheel depth-limiting wheel adjustment plate 107, which correspond to the bolt mounting holes on the contour wheel depth-limiting wheel support beam 108. Because ground depth varies, a row of longitudinal mounting holes (adjustment holes) is provided on the contour wheel depth-limiting wheel adjustment plate 107 to ensure the contour wheel 109 adjusts according to the ground depth. This allows for installation according to the actual conditions, aligning with the mounting holes on the contour wheel depth-limiting wheel support beam 108, thus maintaining the contour wheel 109 at the ideal height position.

[0024] The present invention has a mudguard 110 for the contour wheel 109 installed under the contour wheel bracket 111. The mudguard 110 matches the shape of the contour wheel 109. During the operation of the machine, some mud will stick to the wet ground. Therefore, a mudguard (contour wheel mudguard 110) is set in its direction of travel to scrape off the mud on its surface.

[0025] In this invention, the hay rake mechanism 8 and the hay rake 9 are installed in the same direction or opposite directions. See Figure 1 and Figure 6 This is set according to the actual hay-raking situation, that is, the entire hay-raking mechanism 8 is installed in different directions through the hay-raking clip 11 and the clip base to ensure that the two hay-raking rakes 9 in each group are in relative positions. Figure 1 ) or in the same direction ( Figure 6 Simply install it.

[0026] The core advantage of this tracing machine stems from the R&D team's precise understanding of field needs and innovative structural design. It employs a four-link floating structure, coupled with a ground wheel limiting function, enabling free vertical adjustment with extremely high precision. This design directly addresses two major pain points of traditional equipment: Firstly, through flexible floating adjustment and precise limiting, it ensures more even force distribution on the harrow teeth, significantly reducing their operational pressure and damage rate, while ensuring consistent depth of penetration. Even with undulating terrain, the contour-following design adapts to changes in real time, preventing overload or excessive penetration of some teeth due to terrain differences. This ensures all teeth maintain uniform penetration and stable operation, extending their lifespan and reducing maintenance costs. Secondly, it precisely controls operational intensity, significantly reducing soil movement. While clearing straw, it protects the topsoil of the seedling belt, fundamentally preventing the problem of "removing topsoil and lowering the seedling belt." This aligns with the research requirements of the Northeast Institute of Geography, Chinese Academy of Sciences, regarding "conservation tillage and soil ecological protection," and also incorporates the cooperative's long-term practical experience accumulated in field operations.

[0027] Its efficient straw-gathering capability is key to upgrading field operations. During operation, the equipment can quickly clear a clean work zone, concentrating scattered straw and stubble in the field to designated areas between rows, fundamentally solving the pain point of "straw repatriation affecting subsequent work." This not only avoids straw tangling with farm implements and affecting sowing or fertilization quality, but also allows the gathered straw to form a natural mulch layer—in arid and windy areas, this mulch layer can effectively inhibit soil moisture evaporation, improve moisture retention, and simultaneously block weed growth, creating a stable and suitable growth environment for crop roots. This effect of "soil conservation, water conservation, and yield promotion" is the core achievement of both research teams aiming to "implement conservation tillage technology."

[0028] More notably, its adaptability and multi-functionality further amplify its application value, balancing scientific research foresight with practical agricultural production. The equipment supports large-scale design, improving efficiency based on operational scale; it can also be flexibly integrated with tractors, whether front-mounted or rear-mounted, quickly fitting into existing workflows, significantly reducing the cost of manual straw cleaning and making straw management more efficient and worry-free. Furthermore, the R&D team has endowed it with multi-purpose characteristics, allowing it to switch to a "straw-turning and rakeing" mode. By turning over the straw, it enables field drying, transforming idle straw into edible forage for cattle and sheep. This design not only responds to the cooperative's production needs of "agricultural-livestock integration and resource recycling" but also practices the research concept of "efficient utilization of agricultural resources" from the Northeast Institute of Geography, Chinese Academy of Sciences, realizing the secondary utilization of straw resources and bringing additional income to farmers.

[0029] From research laboratories to fields, the Yimutian Agricultural and Livestock Professional Cooperative in Nong'an County, in collaboration with the team led by Zhang Xiaoping and Liang Aizhen from the Black Soil Organic Carbon and Conservation Tillage Research Group of the Northeast Institute of Geography and Agroecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, has developed a straw-tracking machine as a key piece of equipment to break through the bottleneck of straw processing in conservation tillage through a deep integration of production, education, research, and application. This machine not only exemplifies the combination of advanced scientific research and field practice, but also promotes the modernization and sustainability of traditional farming based on the concepts of precision operation, soil protection, and resource recycling. It transforms straw from a "processing problem" into a "resource for increasing income," injecting new momentum into high-quality agricultural development.

Claims

1. A straw-collecting machine, comprising a clamp and a clamp base, a contour wheel (109), and a rake (9), characterized in that: A lower suspension (4) is installed at the front end of the trapezoidal main frame (6), and an upper suspension support beam (3) perpendicular to the trapezoidal main frame (6) is installed at the upper end of the lower suspension (4). An upper suspension (5) is installed on the top crossbeam of the upper suspension support beam (3). A contour-following four-bar linkage (7) is installed on the rear beam of the trapezoidal main frame (6), and a grass rake mechanism (8) is installed on the rear side of the contour-following four-bar linkage (7). A limited-depth contour-following wheel mechanism (1) is installed at the lower rear end of the contour-following four-bar linkage (7). The contour-following four-bar linkage (7) is mounted on the rear beam of the trapezoidal main frame (6) via a four-bar linkage clip (10). The four-bar linkage front plate (101) is fixedly mounted on the clip base of the four-bar linkage clip (10). The front ends of the upper four-bar linkage (102) and the lower four-bar linkage (112) are mounted on the four-bar linkage front plate (101) via pins. The rear ends of the upper four-bar linkage (102) and the lower four-bar linkage (112) are mounted on the four-bar linkage front plate (101) via pins. On the rear plate (106), a tension spring positioning shaft tube (113) is installed on the lower connecting rod (112) of the four-bar linkage. A limit tooth (105) is opened on the upper connecting rod (102) of the four-bar linkage. A limit tooth groove (104) is opened on the limit shaft tube (103) corresponding to the limit tooth (105). The limit shaft tube (103) is located on the upper connecting rod (102) of the four-bar linkage. An adjusting tension spring (114) is installed between the limit shaft tube (103) and the tension spring positioning shaft tube (113). Depth-limiting contour wheel mechanism (1): A contour wheel depth-limiting wheel support beam (108) is fixedly installed at the bottom of the four-link rear plate (106). The contour wheel depth-limiting wheel adjustment plate (107) is bolted to the contour wheel depth-limiting wheel support beam (108). A contour wheel bracket (111) is fixedly installed at the bottom of the contour wheel depth-limiting wheel adjustment plate (107). The wheel axle of the contour wheel (109) is installed on the contour wheel bracket (111). Rake mechanism (8): A large crossbeam (115) is fixedly installed on the rear side of the four-link rear plate (106). The rake mechanism (8) is installed on the large crossbeam (115) through the rake clip (11). The rake support beam (801) is fixedly installed on the clip base of the rake clip (11). Two rake clamps (804) are installed at the bottom of the rake support beam (801). The rake mounting seat (806) is installed between the two rake clamps (804) in the form of a shaft through the rake pin (805). The bottom of the rake mounting seat (806) is equipped with rakes. The rake shaft sleeve (807) and the rake shaft (808) of the rake (9) are installed inside the rake shaft sleeve (807); an adjusting rod support (809) is fixedly installed on the rake mounting base (806); the adjusting rod fork (803) is installed on the adjusting rod support (809) in the form of a shaft through the adjusting rod pin (810); the adjusting rod fork (803) and the adjusting rod (811) are fixed together; the adjusting rod (811) is inserted into the guide groove of the rod guide plate (802); the rod guide plate (802) is fixed on the side of the rake support beam (801).

2. The straw-tracking machine according to claim 1, characterized in that: The upper end of the upper suspension beam (3) is connected to the rear beam of the trapezoidal main frame (6) by an upper suspension beam tie rod (2), and the upper suspension beam tie rod (2) is installed in the form of a shaft.

3. The straw-tracking machine according to claim 1, characterized in that: Multiple adjustment holes are longitudinally opened on the contour wheel depth limiting wheel adjustment plate (107), and the adjustment holes correspond to the bolt mounting holes on the contour wheel depth limiting wheel support beam (108).

4. The straw-tracking machine according to claim 1, characterized in that: A contour wheel mudguard (110) matching the shape of the contour wheel (109) is installed under the contour wheel bracket (111).

5. The straw-tracking machine according to claim 1, characterized in that: The hay rake mechanism (8) and the hay rake (9) are installed in the same direction or opposite directions.

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