Processing method for reducing toxicity of nux vomica

Abstract

The invention discloses a processing method for reducing toxicity of nux vomica, and belongs to the technical field of traditional Chinese medicine treatment. The method comprises the following steps: S1, decocting semen strychni in a liquorice decoction for 3-7 hours, and fishing out the semen strychni; s2, drying at the temperature of 80 DEG C or below until the temperature is 50-60% dry; and S3, preheating the corn popper to 150-250 DEG C, adding the nux vomica in the step S2, continuously heating until the barometer reaches 2-4 barometric pressures, releasing the pressure, taking out the nux vomica, cooling, and sealing and storing. The popcorn machine is used for processing the semen strychni, and the semen strychni can be uniformly heated and the temperature can be controlled through rotation, so that the purpose of processing is achieved; the inside of the popcorn machine is sealed, and the popcorn machine can reach a higher temperature through pressurization, so that toxic substances in the semen strychni can be further reduced. After processing, the content of strychnine is less than 1.5%, the content of strychnine is less than 1%, and the toxicity of semen strychni can be obviously reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of traditional Chinese medicine processing technology, specifically to a method for reducing the toxicity of strychnine. Background Technology

[0002] Strychnos nux-vomica L., a plant in the Loganiaceae family, is the dried, mature seed. Also known as Strychnos nux-vomica seed, it was first recorded in the *Compendium of Materia Medica*. Li Shizhen stated, "Its shape resembles a horse's coin, hence the name." The *Original Materia Medica* describes it as "the seed of Strychnos nux-vomica is the size of a horse's coin, round and flat, covered with white hairs, and bitter in taste." It is bitter and cold in nature, highly toxic, and enters the liver and spleen meridians. It has the effects of clearing the meridians, relieving pain, dispersing nodules, and reducing swelling. Clinically, it is used to treat stubborn rheumatism, numbness and paralysis, traumatic injuries, carbuncles, and swelling. It is mainly produced in tropical regions such as India, Vietnam, and Thailand, and is also artificially cultivated in Yunnan and Guangxi provinces of my country. As a toxic medicinal material, the strychnine and nux vomica alkaloids in Strychnos nux-vomica are highly toxic. Raw Strychnos nux-vomica is only for external use; after processing to reduce toxicity, it can be safely taken internally.

[0003] Strychnine is a carbazole alkaloid found in the seeds of plants in the Strychnine family. It is an organic compound with the chemical formula C64. 21 H 22 Nitrogen oxides (N2O2) are colorless, odorless, and extremely bitter. They are slightly soluble in water, ethanol, and acetone, but insoluble in ether. They are highly toxic and can be used as a reagent for resolving the optical isomers of organic compounds. Strychnine poisoning is not rapid, but it is extremely terrifying. In reality, strychnine has been used as a stimulant in medicine, as a rat poison, and as an effective treatment for vomiting. Symptoms: It damages the central nervous system, causing a strong reaction that eventually leads to muscle atrophy. The poisoned person will experience suffocation, weakness, and convulsions. The neck will first stiffen, followed by spasms in the shoulders and legs, until the person curls into an arched position. Speaking or moving will trigger further spasms. The corpse will continue to convulse, with a contorted facial expression. Strychnine poisoning is extremely painful, with symptoms similar to tetanus. Onset time: 10-20 minutes.

[0004] Strychnine, also known as strychnine alkaloid, is an alkaloid extracted from strychnine seeds. It selectively excites the spinal cord and increases skeletal muscle tone, and is clinically used to treat mild paralysis or amblyopia. In children, poisoning is mostly due to excessive therapeutic doses or accidental ingestion of rodenticides containing strychnine. Clinical manifestations include facial and neck muscle stiffness, pupillary constriction followed by dilation, convulsions, opisthotonus, and hyperreflexia. In severe cases, death can occur due to tonic-clonic contractions and paralysis of the chest, abdomen, and diaphragm. This drug is rarely used as a central nervous system stimulant. Accidental ingestion of excessive amounts of rodenticides can lead to poisoning. The toxic blood concentration is approximately 2 μg / ml, and the lethal blood concentration is 5-12 μg / ml. Symptoms and signs usually appear 15-30 minutes after ingestion and can last for several hours. Initially, it manifests as facial and neck muscle stiffness and hyperreflexia, followed by generalized tonic-clonic seizures and opisthotonus, eventually leading to respiratory arrest due to spasmodic paralysis of the chest, abdomen, and diaphragm. 2. Painful spasms accompany muscle tonic contractions. Repeated, prolonged muscle contractions can cause high fever, rhabdomyolysis, myoglobinuria, and kidney failure. 3. Patients may experience hyperacusis, hyperalgesia, and visual excitation; even slight stimuli can trigger strong muscle contractions. Early signs of poisoning include restlessness, rapid breathing, stiffness in the neck and limbs, and constricted pupils; severe poisoning can lead to paroxysmal convulsions, coma, and death from respiratory failure, heart failure, ventricular fibrillation, or asphyxiation.

[0005] During the processing of strychnine seeds, structural changes occur, transforming them into less toxic nitrogen oxides and heteroalkaloids, thereby significantly reducing toxicity and better exerting their effects of clearing the meridians, relieving pain, dispersing nodules, and reducing swelling.

[0006] Traditional processing methods include sand-frying, deep-frying, licorice processing, vinegar processing, and urine soaking, all of which use high temperatures to destroy the structure of toxic components, but each has certain problems. Sand-frying: Sand-frying requires strict control of temperature and time; insufficient or excessive heat may lead to toxic residues or reduced efficacy. Some active ingredients may be lost due to the high temperature during sand-frying. Deep-frying: Excessively high oil temperatures result in significant strychnine loss, while excessively low temperatures prolong processing time, affecting efficiency. Residual oil may remain after frying, affecting the purity of the medicine. Licorice processing: Licorice processing requires a large amount of licorice, resulting in high costs. The process is cumbersome and time-consuming. Vinegar processing: During vinegar processing, a significant amount of active ingredients in strychnine are lost, resulting in a low yield of total alkaloids. The strychnine content is significantly reduced after vinegar processing, potentially affecting efficacy. Urine soaking: Soaking in children's urine may pose hygiene risks. The soaking time is long and the process is cumbersome.

[0007] For example, patent application number CN201610366521.8 discloses a method for processing the traditional Chinese medicine nux vomica, including the following steps: 1) Soaking the nux vomica in water. 2) Peeling the soaked nux vomica, boiling it with vinegar, and then drying it. 3) Stir-frying the dried nux vomica with sand to obtain the processed nux vomica product.

[0008] For example, patent application number CN201710951600.X discloses a process for detoxifying nux vomica, including the following steps: (1) Boil fresh nux vomica and mung beans in water, and continue to boil for 1-2 hours before peeling. (2) Stir-fry the peeled nux vomica and tofu together for 0.5-1 hours, then remove the nux vomica and slice it.

[0009] (3) Fry the sliced ​​nux vomica in oil for 10-20 minutes.

[0010] For example, patent application number CN202010436412.5 discloses a processing method for strychnine seeds, including the following steps: Stir-frying sand: Take clean river sand, place it in a stir-frying container, control the stir-frying temperature to 180-240℃, and the stir-frying time to 3-8 minutes; Processing: Put the clean strychnine seeds into the stir-fried river sand, stir continuously, stir-fry for 4-20 minutes, take it out, sift out the river sand, let it cool, and you will get the processed strychnine seeds.

[0011] For example, patent application number CN202311597790.1 discloses a method for processing nux vomica, including: taking fresh ginger, adding water and boiling it, then adding nux vomica and boiling it, then filtering and drying the nux vomica; and frying the dried nux vomica using a sand-scalding method to obtain the nux vomica processed product.

[0012] For example, patent application number CN201310695796.2 discloses a method for processing strychnine seeds, which includes the following steps: Step 1, heating and drying: heating raw strychnine seeds to 240-280℃ and drying them at a constant temperature for 1-10 minutes; Step 2, removing the fuzz: spraying alcohol onto the surface of the strychnine seeds and burning off the fuzz on the surface, thus completing the two steps of processing strychnine seeds. The processing method of strychnine seeds in this invention uses a high-temperature baking method, which differs from previous methods such as sand-scalding, mung bean boiling, and clear boiling. Summary of the Invention

[0013] This invention provides a method for reducing the toxicity of strychnine seeds. A popcorn machine is used to process the seeds; rotation ensures even heating and temperature control, achieving the desired processing effect. The popcorn machine is internally sealed, and pressurization allows for higher temperatures, further reducing the toxic substances within the seeds. Additionally, this invention allows the use of a lower concentration of diluted licorice decoction, reducing the amount of licorice required. The technical solution provided by this invention is as follows: This invention provides a method for reducing the toxicity of strychnine seeds, the method comprising: S1: Simmer nux vomica seeds in licorice decoction for 3-7 hours, then remove. The licorice decoction can be a diluted decoction.

[0014] S2: Dry at 80℃ or below until 50-60% dry.

[0015] S3: After preheating the popcorn machine to 150-250℃, add the nux vomica from step S2, continue heating until the pressure gauge reaches 2-4 atmospheres, release the pressure, remove the nux vomica, let it cool, and then seal and store it.

[0016] The preparation method of licorice decoction is as follows: licorice slices are decocted 2-3 times with 4-12 times the amount of water, the decoctions are combined, and the decoction is diluted with water or not diluted to obtain licorice decoction.

[0017] Specifically, the preparation method of licorice decoction is as follows: licorice slices are decocted with 4-12 times the amount of water for 1-3 hours, then removed and decocted again with 4-12 times the amount of water for 1-3 hours. The two decoctions are combined and diluted with water 2-4 times.

[0018] More specifically, the method for preparing licorice decoction is as follows: licorice slices are decocted in 10 times the amount of water for 1.5 hours, then removed and decocted again in 8 times the amount of water for 2 hours. The two decoctions are combined and diluted with water by 2 times.

[0019] Furthermore, in step S1, before decocting, clean strychnos nux-vomica seeds are taken, impurities are removed, and ash is sieved out.

[0020] Furthermore, step S2 also includes: after scooping out the water, letting it air dry for 2-3 minutes before cutting it, and then drying it after cutting. This makes it easier to cut after frying.

[0021] The process involves cutting nux vomica seeds into strips, perpendicular to the surface of the seed, with a cutting interval of 2-8mm (specifically 4mm). This results in strips with a width of 2-8mm and a thickness of 3-6mm (the thickness of the nux vomica itself). The strip shape makes the seeds easier to roll inside the popcorn machine.

[0022] In step S3, the popcorn machine rotates at a speed of 10-30 r / min.

[0023] Specifically, this invention provides a method for reducing the toxicity of strychnine seeds, the method comprising: S1: Take clean nux vomica seeds, remove impurities, sift out ash and dust, then decoct the nux vomica seeds in licorice decoction for 3-7 hours, and remove them.

[0024] S2: After air-drying for 2-3 minutes, cut into strips and then dry at below 80℃ until 50-60% dry.

[0025] S3: After preheating the popcorn machine to 150-250℃, add the strychnine from step S2, continue heating, and control the speed of the popcorn machine to 10-30 r / min. After the pressure gauge reaches 2-4 atmospheres, release the pressure, remove the strychnine, let it cool, and then seal it for storage.

[0026] The preparation method of licorice decoction is as follows: licorice slices are decocted 2-3 times with 4-12 times the amount of water, the decoctions are combined, and the decoction is diluted with water or not diluted to obtain licorice decoction.

[0027] Preferably, this embodiment of the invention provides a method for reducing the toxicity of strychnine, the method comprising: S1: Take clean nux vomica seeds, remove impurities, sift out ash and dust, then decoct the nux vomica seeds in licorice decoction for 5 hours, and remove them.

[0028] S2: After air-drying for 2-3 minutes, cut into strips and then dry at below 80℃ until 50-60% dry.

[0029] S3: After preheating the popcorn machine to 200℃, add the nux vomica from step S2, continue heating, and control the speed of the popcorn machine to 15r / min. After the pressure gauge reaches 3 atmospheres, release the pressure, remove the nux vomica, let it cool, and then seal and store it.

[0030] The preparation method of licorice decoction is as follows: licorice slices are decocted with 10 times the amount of water for 1.5 hours, then removed and decocted again with 8 times the amount of water for 2 hours. The two decoctions are combined and diluted with water by 2 times.

[0031] After processing, the content of strychnine is less than 1.5%, and the content of nux vomica is less than 1%; the toxicity test on mice shows that it can significantly reduce the toxicity of nux vomica. Attached Figure Description

[0032] Figure 1 This is the analysis report of the processed product from Example 1; Figure 2 This is the analysis report of the processed product from Example 2; Figure 3 This is the analysis report of the processed product from Example 3; Figure 4 This is the analysis report of the processed product from Example 4; Figure 5 This is an analysis report of the processed products in proportion 1; Figure 6 This is an analysis report of the processed products in proportion 2; Figure 7 This is an analysis report of the processed products in proportion 3; Figure 8 This is an analysis report of the processed products in ratio 4. Detailed Implementation

[0033] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the present invention clearer, the embodiments of the present invention will be described in further detail below.

[0034] Example 1: Example 1 provides a method for processing strychnine seeds, including the following steps: (1) Preparation of licorice juice: Take 10g of licorice slices, add water and decoct twice. Add 8 times the amount of water the first time and 10 times the amount of water the second time. Combine the filtrates to obtain licorice decoction.

[0035] (2) Processing of nux vomica: Take clean nux vomica, remove impurities, and sift out ash.

[0036] (3) Mix well: Dilute the licorice decoction to one-third of the original amount, add nux vomica, boil for 4 hours, take it out and let it dry slightly, cut it into strips, and dry it below 80℃.

[0037] (4) Preparation: After preheating the popcorn machine to about 200°C, add the nux vomica and continue heating. Keep the speed at 20 r / min. When the pressure gauge reaches 2 atmospheres, open the pressure relief valve and slowly release the pressure. Remove the nux vomica and seal it after it has cooled down.

[0038] Example 2: Example 2 provides a method for processing strychnine seeds, including the following steps: (1) Preparation of licorice juice: Take 10g of licorice slices, add water and decoct twice. Add 10 times the amount of water the first time and 8 times the amount of water the second time. Combine the filtrates to obtain licorice decoction.

[0039] (2) Processing of nux vomica: Take clean nux vomica, remove impurities, and sift out ash.

[0040] (3) Mix well: Dilute the licorice decoction to half of the original amount, add strychnine seeds, boil for 5 hours, take out and let it dry slightly, cut into strips, and dry at below 80℃.

[0041] (4) Preparation: After preheating the popcorn machine to about 200°C, add the nux vomica and continue heating. Keep the speed at 15 r / min. When the pressure gauge reaches 3 atmospheres, open the pressure relief valve and slowly release the pressure. Remove the nux vomica and seal it after it has cooled down.

[0042] Example 3: Example 3 provides a method for processing strychnine seeds, including the following steps: (1) Preparation of licorice juice: Take 10g of licorice slices, add water and decoct twice. Add 8 times the amount of water the first time and 8 times the amount of water the second time. Combine the filtrates to obtain licorice decoction.

[0043] (2) Processing of nux vomica: Take clean nux vomica, remove impurities, and sift out ash.

[0044] (3) Mix well: Dilute the licorice decoction to one-quarter of the original amount, add nux vomica, boil for 4 hours, take it out and let it dry slightly, cut it into strips, and dry it below 80°C.

[0045] (4) Preparation: After preheating the popcorn machine to about 250°C, add the nux vomica and continue heating. Keep the speed at 25 r / min. When the pressure gauge reaches 4 atmospheres, open the pressure relief valve and slowly release the pressure. Remove the nux vomica and wait for it to cool down before sealing and storing it.

[0046] Example 4: Example 4 provides a method for processing strychnine seeds, including the following steps: (1) Preparation of licorice juice: Take 10g of licorice slices, add water and decoct twice. Add 5 times the amount of water the first time and 8 times the amount of water the second time. Combine the filtrates to obtain licorice decoction.

[0047] (2) Processing of nux vomica: Take clean nux vomica, remove impurities, and sift out ash.

[0048] (3) Mix well: Dilute the licorice decoction to half of the original amount, add strychnine seeds, boil for 3 hours, take out and let it dry slightly, cut into strips, and dry at below 80℃.

[0049] (4) Preparation: After preheating the popcorn machine to about 150°C, add nux vomica and continue heating. Keep the speed at 30 r / min. When the pressure gauge reaches 2 atmospheres, open the pressure relief valve and slowly release the pressure. Remove the nux vomica and wait for it to cool down before sealing and storing it.

[0050] Comparative Example 1: Comparative Example 1 provides a method for processing strychnine seeds (a common method, sand-frying method), including the following steps: (1) Take the raw material of Strychnos nux-vomica, remove impurities and sift out the ash.

[0051] (2) Cut the cleaned nux vomica into pieces with a guillotine.

[0052] (3) Take clean fine sand and heat it in an iron pot to about 230°C. Add strychnine seeds, cover them for a while, and then stir continuously for about 3 minutes. When the medicine bulges and bursts and turns brownish-yellow, quickly remove it from the pot, sift out the sand, and let it cool.

[0053] Comparative Example 2: Comparative Example 2 provides a method for processing strychnine (a common method, oil-frying method), including the following steps: (1) Take the raw material of Strychnos nux-vomica, remove impurities and sift out the ash.

[0054] (2) Cut the cleaned nux vomica into pieces with a guillotine.

[0055] (3) Take an appropriate amount of sesame oil, put it in a pot, heat it to about 230°C, put in cleaned nux vomica, fry until it turns golden brown, take it out immediately, drain the oil, let it cool, and grind it into powder when needed.

[0056] Comparative Example 3 Comparative Example 3 provides a method for processing strychnine (a common method, processed with licorice), including the following steps: (1) Preparation of licorice juice: Take 10g of licorice slices, add water and decoct twice. Add 8 times the amount of water the first time and 10 times the amount of water the second time. Combine the filtrates to obtain licorice decoction.

[0057] (2) Processing of nux vomica: Take clean nux vomica, remove impurities, and sift out ash.

[0058] (3) Mix well: Dilute the licorice decoction to one-third of the original amount, add nux vomica, boil for 4 hours, take it out and let it dry slightly, chop, slice or cut into strips, and dry at below 80°C.

[0059] Comparative Example 4: Comparative Example 4 provides a method for processing strychnine seeds, including the following steps: (1) Take clean nux vomica seeds, remove impurities, sift out ash and dust, and cut into strips.

[0060] (2) After preheating the popcorn machine to about 150°C, add nux vomica and continue heating. Keep the speed at 30 r / min. When the pressure gauge reaches 2 atmospheres, open the pressure relief valve and slowly release the pressure. Remove the nux vomica and wait for it to cool down before sealing and storing it.

[0061] Referring to Table 1, it can be seen from Comparative Example 4 that using only a popcorn machine produces similar results to the sand-frying method.

[0062] Comparative Example 5: Comparative Example 5 provides a method for processing strychnine seeds, including the following steps: (1) Processing of nux vomica: Take clean nux vomica, remove impurities, and sift out ash.

[0063] (2) Add nux vomica to vinegar until it is submerged, boil for 4 hours, take it out and let it dry slightly, cut it into strips, and dry it at 80°C or below.

[0064] (3) Preparation: After preheating the popcorn machine to about 150°C, add nux vomica and continue heating. Keep the speed at 30 r / min. When the pressure gauge reaches 2 atmospheres, open the pressure relief valve and slowly release the pressure. Remove the nux vomica and seal it after it has cooled down.

[0065] Referring to Table 1, it can be seen from Comparative Examples 4-5 that the vinegar treatment combined with popcorn machine processing can only slightly reduce toxic substances compared to Comparative Example 4.

[0066] Comparative Example 6: Comparative Example 6 provides a method for processing strychnine seeds, including the following steps: (1) Processing of nux vomica: Take clean nux vomica, remove impurities, and sift out ash.

[0067] (2) Add nux vomica to rice wine, enough to submerge the medicinal material, boil for 4 hours, take it out and let it dry slightly, cut it into strips, and dry it below 80℃.

[0068] (3) Preparation: After preheating the popcorn machine to about 150°C, add nux vomica and continue heating. Keep the speed at 30 r / min. When the pressure gauge reaches 2 atmospheres, open the pressure relief valve and slowly release the pressure. Remove the nux vomica and seal it after it has cooled down.

[0069] Referring to Table 1, it can be seen from Comparative Examples 4 and 6 that the combination of rice wine processing and popcorn machine treatment can only slightly reduce toxic substances compared to Comparative Example 4.

[0070] Comparative Example 7: Comparative Example 7 provides a method for processing strychnine, including the following steps: (1) Take clean strychnine seeds, remove impurities, and sift out ash.

[0071] (2) Add nux vomica to rice water until it covers the medicinal material, boil for 4 hours, take it out and let it dry slightly, cut it into strips, and dry it at 80°C or below.

[0072] (3) Preparation: After preheating the popcorn machine to about 150°C, add nux vomica and continue heating. Keep the speed at 30 r / min. When the pressure gauge reaches 2 atmospheres, open the pressure relief valve and slowly release the pressure. Remove the nux vomica and seal it after it has cooled down.

[0073] Referring to Table 1, it can be seen from Comparative Examples 4 and 7 that, compared to Comparative Example 4, the combination of rice water processing and popcorn machine treatment did not reduce strychnine, but bromelain was reduced to a certain extent.

[0074] Comparative Example 8: Comparative Example 8 provides a method for processing strychnine, including the following steps: (1) Take 10g of fresh ginger, add water and decoct twice. Add 5 times the amount of water the first time and 8 times the amount of water the second time. Combine the filtrates to obtain ginger decoction.

[0075] (2) Take clean strychnine seeds, remove impurities, and sift out ash.

[0076] (3) Dilute the ginger decoction to half of the original amount, add strychnine seeds, boil for 3 hours, take them out and let them cool for 3 minutes, cut them into strips, and dry them at 80°C or below until they are 60% dry.

[0077] (4) After preheating the popcorn machine to about 150°C, add nux vomica and continue heating. Keep the speed at 30 r / min. When the pressure gauge reaches 2 atmospheres, open the pressure relief valve and slowly release the pressure. Remove the nux vomica and wait for it to cool down before sealing and storing it.

[0078] Referring to Table 1, it can be seen from Comparative Examples 4 and 8 that, compared to Comparative Example 4, the combination of ginger water processing and popcorn machine treatment did not reduce strychnine, but bromelain was reduced to a certain extent.

[0079] Comparative Example 9: Comparative Example 9 provides a method for processing strychnine seeds, including the following steps: (1) Take 10g of Evodia rutaecarpa, add water and decoct twice. Add 5 times the amount of water the first time and 8 times the amount of water the second time. Combine the filtrates to obtain Evodia rutaecarpa decoction.

[0080] (2) Take clean strychnine seeds, remove impurities, and sift out ash.

[0081] (3) Dilute the decoction of Evodia rutaecarpa to half of the original amount, add Strychnos nux-vomica, boil for 3 hours, take it out and let it cool for 3 minutes, cut it into strips, and dry it at 80°C or below until it is 60% dry.

[0082] (4) After preheating the popcorn machine to about 150°C, add nux vomica and continue heating. Keep the speed at 30 r / min. When the pressure gauge reaches 2 atmospheres, open the pressure relief valve and slowly release the pressure. Remove the nux vomica and wait for it to cool down before sealing and storing it.

[0083] Referring to Table 1, it can be seen from Comparative Examples 4 and 9 that the combination of Evodia rutaecarpa processing and popcorn machine treatment only slightly reduced the toxicity of substances compared to Comparative Example 4.

[0084] Effect verification (1) Detection methods for strychnine and nux vomica content: Chromatographic conditions and system suitability test: Octadecylsilane-bonded silica gel was used as the packing material; the mobile phase was a mixture of equal volumes of acetonitrile-0.01 mol / L sodium heptanesulfonate and 0.02 mol / L potassium dihydrogen phosphate (pH adjusted to 2.8 with 10% phosphoric acid) (21:79); the detection wavelength was 260 nm. The theoretical plate number, calculated based on the peak value of 5000, should not be less than 5000.

[0085] Preparation of the reference solution: Accurately weigh 6 mg of strychnine reference standard and 5 mg of brucine reference standard, and place them separately in 10 ml volumetric flasks. Add an appropriate amount of chloroform to dissolve and dilute to the mark, and shake well. Accurately measure 2 ml of each and place them in the same 10 ml volumetric flask. Dilute to the mark with methanol and shake well to obtain the solution (each 1 ml contains 0.12 mg of strychnine and 0.1 mg of brucine).

[0086] Preparation of the test solution: Accurately weigh approximately 0.6g of the powder (passed through a No. 3 sieve), place it in a stoppered conical flask, add 3ml of sodium hydroxide test solution, mix well, let stand for 30 minutes, accurately add 20ml of chloroform, stopper tightly, weigh, reflux in a water bath for 2 hours, cool, weigh again, replenish the lost weight with chloroform, shake well, separate the chloroform solution, filter through filter paper lined with a small amount of anhydrous sodium sulfate, discard the initial filtrate, accurately measure 3ml of the subsequent filtrate, place it in a 10ml volumetric flask, add methanol to the mark, shake well, and the product is obtained.

[0087] Determination method: Accurately pipette 10 μl each of the reference solution and the test solution into the liquid chromatograph and determine the results. The results are shown in Table 1. Table 1

[0088] The 2020 edition of the Chinese Pharmacopoeia specifies that strychnine (C) contains... 21 H 22 N2O2) should be 1.20-2.20%, strychnine (C 23 H 26 The content of N2O4 must not be less than 0.80%, and all processed products meet the requirements of the Chinese Pharmacopoeia. The processing method of the present invention (Examples 1-4) can effectively reduce the content of strychnine and brucine in the processed nux vomica, and the content of the highly toxic brucine can be effectively reduced to a safe range. In particular, the processed nux vomica product prepared in Example 2 can simultaneously achieve the lowest content of strychnine and brucine in nux vomica, resulting in the best effect of reducing toxicity and stabilizing efficacy.

[0089] (2) Toxicity test SD rats, weighing 180-220g, were selected, with an equal number of males and females. Animals were acclimatized to the environment for one week before the experiment, maintained under a 12-hour light / dark cycle at a temperature of 22±2℃, and with free access to food and water. Different doses (100, 300, and 600 mg / kg) of processed Strychnos nux-vomica were administered by gavage. Symptoms of poisoning were observed immediately after a single dose, and the number of dead animals was recorded. The results are shown in Tables 2-4. Table 2

[0090] Table 3

[0091] Table 4

[0092] As can be seen from Tables 2-4, the mortality rate of rats in Examples 1-4 was much lower than that in the control group. Only one rat died in the processed products of Examples 1-4 at high doses, while the mortality rate of the control group reached 100% at high doses. This shows that the toxicity of the processed products prepared by the new process of this application is very low.

[0093] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A processing method for reducing the toxicity of Strychnos nux-vomica, characterized in that, The method comprises: S1: decocting strychnos in liquorice decoction for 3-7 hours, and taking out; S2: drying at below 80℃ to 5-6 dryness; S3: preheating the popcorn machine to 150-250℃, adding the strychnos of step S2, continuing to heat until the air pressure gauge reaches 2-4 atmospheres, releasing the pressure, taking out the strychnos, and sealing after cooling.

2. The method for reducing the toxicity of strychnos according to claim 1, characterized in that, The preparation method of the liquorice decoction is: decocting liquorice tablets with 4-12 times of water for 2-3 times, combining the decoction, and diluting with water or without dilution to obtain the liquorice decoction.

3. The method for reducing the toxicity of strychnos according to claim 2, characterized in that, The preparation method of the liquorice decoction is: decocting liquorice tablets with 4-12 times of water for 1-3 hours, taking out, decocting again with 4-12 times of water for 1-3 hours, combining the two decoction, and diluting with water by 2-4 times.

4. The processing method for reducing the toxicity of strychnos according to claim 2, characterized in that, The preparation method of the liquorice decoction is: decocting liquorice tablets with 10 times of water for 1.5 hours, taking out, decocting again with 8 times of water for 2 hours, combining the two decoction, and diluting with water by 2 times.

5. The method for reducing the toxicity of strychnos according to claim 1, characterized in that, In step S1, before decoction, taking the strychnos, removing impurities, and sieving the ash.

6. The method for reducing the toxicity of strychnos according to claim 1, characterized in that, In step S2, after taking out, airing for 2-3 minutes, and then cutting, drying after cutting.

7. The method for reducing the toxicity of strychnos according to claim 6, characterized in that, Cutting the strychnos into strips, cutting perpendicularly to the surface of the strychnos, and cutting interval of 2-8 mm.

8. The method for reducing the toxicity of strychnos according to claim 1, characterized in that, In step S3, the rotation speed of the popcorn machine is 10-30 r / min.

9. The method for reducing the toxicity of strychnos according to claim 1, characterized in that, The method comprises: S1: taking the strychnos, removing impurities, sieving the ash, and then decocting the strychnos in liquorice decoction for 3-7 hours, and taking out; S2: airing for 2-3 minutes, cutting into strips, and drying at below 80℃ to 5-6 dryness; S3: preheating the popcorn machine to 150-250℃, adding the strychnos of step S2, continuing to heat, and controlling the rotation speed of the popcorn machine to 10-30 r / min, until the air pressure gauge reaches 2-4 atmospheres, releasing the pressure, taking out the strychnos, and sealing after cooling; The preparation method of the liquorice decoction is: decocting liquorice tablets with 4-12 times of water for 2-3 times, combining the decoction, and diluting with water or without dilution to obtain the liquorice decoction.

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