Continuous crushing device for organic garbage treatment

Abstract

The invention provides a continuous crushing device for organic garbage treatment, and belongs to the technical field of organic garbage treatment. The continuous crushing device for organic garbage treatment comprises a crusher, a feeding hopper and a filtering structure, the crusher comprises a crushing box and a crushing roller, the crushing roller is rotatably mounted in the crushing box, and a first motor used for driving the crushing roller to operate is fixed to the crushing box; a discharging opening of the feeding hopper is communicated with the interior of the crushing box; the filter structure comprises a screen frame and a screen plate, the screen plate is embedded in the screen frame, the screen frame is an annular frame, the screen frame is rotatably connected with the crushing box, the screen plate comprises a plurality of filter plates, and the filter plates are annularly distributed at equal intervals. Due to the rotary design of the annular screen frame, the screen plates can be replaced without shutdown, the replacement time of a single screen plate is greatly shortened, the continuous operation rate of the equipment is improved, and the device is particularly suitable for municipal and catering scenes with large garbage treatment capacity.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of organic waste treatment, and more specifically, to a continuous crushing device for organic waste treatment. Background Technology

[0002] Currently, with the acceleration of urbanization, the amount of domestic waste generated continues to rise, and the amount of urban domestic waste collected is increasing year by year;

[0003] Organic waste crushing equipment is the core equipment in the organic waste pretreatment process. Its main function is to crush raw organic waste such as catering waste, kitchen waste, and agricultural organic waste into uniform particle size (usually 5-20mm), so as to provide suitable materials for subsequent anaerobic fermentation, aerobic composting, pyrolysis gasification or biodegradation processes. It is a key link to improve the efficiency of organic waste treatment and reduce the energy consumption of subsequent equipment.

[0004] The existing technical solutions described above have the following drawbacks:

[0005] Screen replacement requires machine shutdown: When the screen becomes clogged or worn, the entire crushing system must be stopped for disassembly and replacement. Maintenance of a single screen plate can cause downtime of ≥30 minutes per instance, resulting in significant losses in scenarios involving large-scale processing.

[0006] Maintenance is complicated: the screens are mostly fixed by welding or bolts, and disassembly requires special tools, which makes replacement cumbersome, inefficient and labor-intensive. Summary of the Invention

[0007] To overcome the above shortcomings, this application provides a continuous crushing device for organic waste treatment, which aims to improve the problem that screen replacement requires stopping the entire crushing system for disassembly and replacement.

[0008] This application provides a continuous crushing device for organic waste treatment, including a crusher, a feed hopper, and a filter structure;

[0009] The pulverizer includes a pulverizing chamber and a pulverizing roller. The pulverizing roller is rotatably installed inside the pulverizing chamber. A first motor for driving the pulverizing roller is fixed in the pulverizing chamber. The discharge port of the feed hopper is connected to the inside of the pulverizing chamber.

[0010] The filtration structure includes a screen frame and a screen plate. The screen plate is embedded in the screen frame. The screen frame is an annular frame. The screen frame is rotatably connected to the crushing box. The screen plate includes multiple filter plates, which are evenly spaced and distributed in an annular shape.

[0011] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, two crushing rollers are provided, and the ends of the two crushing rollers are driven by gear meshing. The inner wall of the crushing box is provided with a wear-resistant ceramic coating to extend the service life of the equipment.

[0012] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the upper end of the crushing box is provided with a feed inlet for connecting to the feed hopper, the lower end of the crushing box is provided with a discharge outlet, and the screen plate covers the discharge outlet.

[0013] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the outer dimensions of the filter plate are consistent with the specifications of the discharge port of the crushing box, the outer dimensions of the plurality of filter plates are the same, and the diameter of adjacent filter holes increases sequentially.

[0014] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the filter plate is detachably and fixedly connected to the screen frame by means of snap-fit ​​or screw fixation.

[0015] In a preferred embodiment of the invention, the crushing box is fixed with a driver for driving the screen frame to rotate, and the crushing box is rotatably mounted with rollers that roll in contact with the outer surface of the screen frame.

[0016] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the driver includes a second motor, the drive shaft of the second motor is drivenly connected to a drive wheel, and a driven wheel is coaxially fixed on the outer surface of the screen frame, the drive wheel meshing with the driven wheel.

[0017] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the first motor is connected to the crushing roller via a reduction gearbox, and the drive shaft of the second motor is connected to the drive wheel via a self-locking gearbox.

[0018] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, a worm gear and a worm are rotatably mounted inside the self-locking gearbox, the worm gear meshes with the worm, the drive shaft of the second motor is coaxially and fixedly connected to one end of the worm, and the driving wheel is coaxially and fixedly connected to the worm gear through a rotating shaft.

[0019] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, a brush body is installed at the discharge port of the crushing box. The brush body includes a plurality of arrayed brush heads. The outer diameter of the brush head is smaller than the aperture of the screen plate. The brush head is arranged corresponding to the mesh of the screen plate. The brush body abuts against the lower surface of the screen plate.

[0020] Beneficial effects:

[0021] 1. The rotating design of the ring screen frame allows screen plate replacement without stopping the machine. The replacement time for a single screen plate is reduced from 30 minutes of traditional downtime maintenance to within 5 minutes, improving the continuous operation rate of the equipment. It is especially suitable for municipal and catering scenarios with large waste processing volumes.

[0022] 2. The design of progressively increasing pore size between adjacent filter plates enables grading and filtration of a wider range of particles without requiring replacement of the entire screen structure. For example, when processing kitchen waste for composting, switch to a 5mm pore size screen plate; when processing fruit and vegetable scraps for feed processing, switch to an 8mm pore size screen plate, demonstrating strong adaptability. Attached Figure Description

[0023] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of this application, the drawings used in the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. It should be understood that the following drawings only show some embodiments of this application and should not be regarded as a limitation of the scope. For those skilled in the art, other related drawings can be obtained from these drawings without creative effort.

[0024] Figure 1 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the continuous crushing device for organic waste treatment provided in the embodiments of this application;

[0025] Figure 2 A three-dimensional structural diagram of a pulverizer provided for an embodiment of this application;

[0026] Figure 3 A schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the screen frame provided in the embodiments of this application;

[0027] Figure 4 A three-dimensional structural diagram of the pulverizer outlet provided for an embodiment of this application;

[0028] Figure 5 A schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the brush body provided for an embodiment of this application.

[0029] In the diagram: 110, crusher; 111, crushing box; 112, crushing roller; 113, first motor; 114, roller; 115, brush body; 120, feed hopper; 130, filter structure; 131, screen frame; 133, screen plate; 134, second motor; 135, drive wheel; 136, driven wheel. Detailed Implementation

[0030] In this invention, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," "linking," and "fixing," etc., should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral part; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; they can refer to the internal communication of two components or the interaction between two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this invention according to the specific circumstances.

[0031] In this invention, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, "above" or "below" the second feature can include direct contact between the first and second features, or contact between the first and second features through another feature between them. Furthermore, "above," "over," and "on top" of the second feature includes the first feature directly above or diagonally above the second feature, or simply indicates that the first feature is at a higher horizontal level than the second feature. "Below," "below," and "under" the second feature includes the first feature directly below or diagonally below the second feature, or simply indicates that the first feature is at a lower horizontal level than the second feature.

[0032] The technical solutions in the embodiments of this application will now be described with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0033] Please see Figures 1-5 The present invention provides a continuous crushing device for organic waste treatment, including a crusher 110, a feed hopper 120 and a filter structure 130;

[0034] The crusher 110 includes a crushing box 111 and a crushing roller 112. The crushing roller 112 is rotatably installed inside the crushing box 111. The crushing box 111 is fixed with a first motor 113 for driving the crushing roller 112 to rotate. The discharge port of the feed hopper 120 is connected to the inside of the crushing box 111.

[0035] The filter structure 130 includes a screen frame 131 and a screen plate 133. The screen plate 133 is embedded in the screen frame 131. The screen frame 131 is an annular frame. The screen frame 131 is rotatably connected to the crushing box 111. The screen plate 133 includes multiple filter plates, which are evenly spaced and distributed in an annular shape.

[0036] The enclosed structure of the crushing chamber 111, the feed hopper 120, and the screen reduces the leakage of odors generated during the crushing of organic waste; it also prevents waste particles from splashing, ensuring that the dust concentration in the working environment is ≤2mg / m³. 3 It meets environmental protection and occupational health standards.

[0037] The nested design of the screen frame 131 and the crushing box 111 eliminates the need for additional space to install spare screen plates or maintenance platforms. The overall size of the equipment is reduced by 40% compared to traditional separate "crushing + screening" equipment, making it suitable for space-constrained waste treatment plants or kitchen settings.

[0038] In a specific embodiment of the present invention, two crushing rollers 112 are provided. The ends of the two crushing rollers 112 are driven by gear meshing. The two crushing rollers 112 rotate synchronously in opposite directions. They crush organic waste through a combination of extrusion and shearing, which improves the crushing efficiency by more than 50% compared with the traditional single roller crushing. It can process various types of organic waste with a moisture content of 30%-80%, and the uniformity of the crushed particles reaches 90% (particle size deviation ≤2mm).

[0039] The inner wall of the crushing chamber 111 is coated with a wear-resistant ceramic coating, extending the equipment's lifespan. The wear-resistant ceramic coating and the smooth surface of the crushing roller 112 reduce debris adhesion, requiring only a simple wipe during cleaning. This eliminates the need for frequent disassembly and cleaning, reducing cleaning workload and minimizing bacterial growth caused by debris residue. The wear-resistant ceramic coating on the inner wall of the crushing chamber 111 has a hardness of HRC60 or higher, reducing wear by 70% compared to ordinary steel plates. The surface of the crushing roller 112 undergoes quenching treatment, extending its service life to over 3 years, reducing the frequency of replacing vulnerable parts and lowering maintenance costs.

[0040] In a specific embodiment of the present invention, the upper end of the crushing box 111 is provided with a feed inlet for connecting to the feed hopper 120, the lower end of the crushing box 111 is provided with a discharge outlet, and the screen plate 133 covers the discharge outlet.

[0041] In a specific embodiment of the present invention, the outer dimensions of the filter plate are consistent with the specifications of the discharge port of the crushing box 111, the outer dimensions of multiple filter plates are the same, and the diameter of adjacent filter holes increases sequentially.

[0042] In a specific embodiment of the present invention, the filter plate is detachably and fixedly connected to the screen frame 131 by means of snap-fit ​​or screws. The detachable connection of the filter plate to the screen frame 131 allows operators to disassemble and assemble it without specialized tools, making it easier to clean clogged screen holes or replace damaged screen plates. The standardized design of the screen plate (external dimensions consistent with the discharge port specifications) ensures that no size adjustment is required during replacement, further simplifying the operation.

[0043] In a specific embodiment of the present invention, the crushing box 111 is fixed with a driver for driving the screen frame 131 to rotate, and the crushing box 111 is rotatably mounted with rollers 114 that roll in contact with the outer surface of the screen frame 131. When the screen frame 131 rotates, the rollers 114 convert sliding friction into rolling friction, reducing the coefficient of friction by 60%. The energy consumption of the second motor 134 is reduced by 25% compared to a design without rollers 114, resulting in significant savings in electricity costs over long-term operation.

[0044] In a specific embodiment of the present invention, the driver includes a second motor 134, the drive shaft of the second motor 134 is connected to a drive wheel 135, and a driven wheel 136 is coaxially fixed on the outer surface of the screen frame 131, the drive wheel 135 meshing with the driven wheel 136.

[0045] In a specific embodiment of the present invention, the first motor 113 is connected to the crushing roller 112 via a reduction gearbox, and the drive shaft of the second motor 134 is connected to the drive wheel 135 via a self-locking gearbox.

[0046] In a specific embodiment of the present invention, a worm gear and a worm are rotatably installed inside the self-locking gearbox. The worm gear meshes with the worm. The drive shaft of the second motor 134 is coaxially and fixedly connected to one end of the worm. The drive wheel 135 is coaxially and fixedly connected to the worm gear through a rotating shaft.

[0047] In a specific embodiment of the present invention, a brush body 115 is installed at the discharge port of the crushing box 111. The brush body 115 includes a plurality of arrayed brush heads. The outer diameter of the brush head is smaller than the aperture of the screen plate 133. The brush head is arranged corresponding to the mesh of the screen plate 133. The brush body 115 abuts against the lower surface of the screen plate 133.

[0048] The working principle of this continuous crushing device for organic waste treatment:

[0049] The organic waste to be processed is fed into the feed hopper 120. The funnel-shaped structure of the feed hopper 120 guides the waste to fall into the feed inlet at the top of the crushing box 111, avoiding the accumulation of waste at the box opening and causing blockage.

[0050] The two rotatable crushing rollers 112 inside the crushing chamber 111 are the core crushing components. The first motor 113 drives one of the crushing rollers 112 to rotate through a reduction gearbox. The ends of the two crushing rollers 112 rotate synchronously in opposite directions through gear meshing. When the waste enters between the two rollers, it is squeezed and sheared by the toothed structure (or protrusions) on the roller surface, and crushed into fine particles. The wear-resistant ceramic coating on the inner wall of the crushing chamber 111 can reduce the wear of the waste on the chamber wall, while preventing the waste from sticking together and ensuring a smooth crushing process.

[0051] The discharge port at the lower end of the crushing box 111 is completely covered by the screen plate 133 inside the screen frame 131. The crushed waste particles fall onto the surface of the screen plate 133. Fine particles that fit the screen aperture are discharged directly through the filter holes and enter the subsequent processing steps (such as fermentation and composting). Coarse particles that do not fit the aperture remain on the screen plate 133 and are then picked up by the rotating roller tooth structure for secondary crushing.

[0052] The second motor 134 drives the drive wheel 135 to rotate via a self-locking gearbox. The drive wheel 135 meshes with the driven wheel 136, which is coaxially fixed to the outer surface of the screen frame 131, causing the screen frame 131, with its annular frame structure, to rotate around the center of the discharge port of the crushing box 111. The rollers 114, which are rotatably mounted on the crushing box 111, make rolling contact with the outer surface of the screen frame 131, both assisting in supporting the weight of the screen frame 131 and reducing rotational friction resistance, thus ensuring the smooth rotation of the screen frame 131.

[0053] Through the integrated design of dual-roller synergistic crushing and rotating screen plate changing adaptation without stopping the machine, the system achieves efficient crushing of organic waste and enables continuous operation.

[0054] 1. Non-stop maintenance of screen plates with the same aperture: Depending on processing requirements, when multiple filter plates with the same aperture are installed on the screen frame 131, if the currently working filter plate becomes clogged or worn, the second motor 134 can be started to drive the screen frame 131 to rotate, transferring the spare filter plate to the discharge port coverage position, while simultaneously rotating the damaged screen plate out to the maintenance area. Operators can replace the damaged screen plate by snapping or screwing it off without stopping the equipment, avoiding the efficiency loss caused by downtime maintenance in traditional devices.

[0055] 2. Grading and Adaptation of Screen Plates with Different Apertures: Depending on processing requirements, when the filter plates on the screen frame 131 have different apertures (adjacent filter plates have progressively larger apertures, such as 2mm→5mm→8mm), the screen plates can be quickly switched by rotating the screen frame 131 according to the subsequent processing requirements for waste particle size. For example, when fine particles are needed, the smaller aperture screen plate is rotated to the discharge port; when coarse particles are needed, it is switched to a larger aperture screen plate. The self-locking gearbox can lock the drive wheel 135 after the screen plate is switched into position, preventing accidental rotation of the screen frame 131 and ensuring stable filter aperture.

[0056] It should be noted that the specific model and specifications of the first motor 113 and the second motor 134 need to be selected and determined according to the actual specifications of the device. The specific selection calculation method adopts the existing technology in this field, so it will not be described in detail.

[0057] The power supply and operating principle of the first motor 113 and the second motor 134 are clear to those skilled in the art and will not be described in detail here.

[0058] The above description is merely an embodiment of this application and is not intended to limit the scope of protection of this application. Various modifications and variations can be made to this application by those skilled in the art. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of this application should be included within the scope of protection of this application. It should be noted that similar reference numerals and letters in the following figures indicate similar items; therefore, once an item is defined in one figure, it does not need to be further defined and explained in subsequent figures.

Claims

1. A continuous crushing device for organic waste treatment, characterized in that, include A pulverizer (110) includes a pulverizing box (111) and a pulverizing roller (112). The pulverizing roller (112) is rotatably installed inside the pulverizing box (111). The pulverizing box (111) is fixed with a first motor (113) for driving the pulverizing roller (112) to rotate. The feed hopper (120) has its outlet connected to the inside of the crushing box (111); The filter structure (130) includes a screen frame (131) and a screen plate (133). The screen plate (133) is embedded in the screen frame (131). The screen frame (131) is an annular frame. The screen frame (131) is rotatably connected to the crushing box (111). The screen plate (133) includes multiple filter plates, which are evenly spaced and distributed in an annular pattern.

2. The continuous crushing device for organic waste treatment according to claim 1, characterized in that, Two crushing rollers (112) are provided, and the ends of the two crushing rollers (112) are driven by gear meshing. The inner wall of the crushing box (111) is provided with a wear-resistant ceramic coating to extend the service life of the equipment.

3. The continuous crushing device for organic waste treatment according to claim 1, characterized in that, The crushing box (111) has a feed inlet at the upper end for connecting to the feed hopper (120), and a discharge outlet at the lower end of the crushing box (111), with the screen plate (133) covering the discharge outlet.

4. The continuous crushing device for organic waste treatment according to claim 2, characterized in that, The outer dimensions of the filter plate are consistent with the specifications of the discharge port of the crushing box (111). The outer dimensions of multiple filter plates are the same, and the diameter of adjacent filter holes increases sequentially.

5. A continuous crushing device for organic waste treatment according to claim 2, characterized in that, The filter plate is detachably and fixedly connected to the screen frame (131) by means of snap-fit ​​or screw fixation.

6. The continuous crushing device for organic waste treatment according to claim 1, characterized in that, The crushing box (111) is fixed with a driver for driving the screen frame (131) to rotate, and the crushing box (111) is rotatably mounted with rollers (114) that roll in contact with the outer surface of the screen frame (131).

7. A continuous crushing device for organic waste treatment according to claim 6, characterized in that, The driver includes a second motor (134), the drive shaft of the second motor (134) is connected to a drive wheel (135), and a driven wheel (136) is coaxially fixed on the outer surface of the screen frame (131), the drive wheel (135) meshes with the driven wheel (136).

8. A continuous crushing device for organic waste treatment according to claim 7, characterized in that, The first motor (113) is connected to the crushing roller (112) via a reduction gearbox, and the drive shaft of the second motor (134) is connected to the drive wheel (135) via a self-locking gearbox.

9. A continuous crushing device for organic waste treatment according to claim 8, characterized in that, The self-locking gearbox is rotatably equipped with a worm gear and a worm, the worm gear meshes with the worm, the drive shaft of the second motor (134) is coaxially fixedly connected to one end of the worm, and the drive wheel (135) is coaxially fixedly connected to the worm gear through a rotating shaft.

10. A continuous crushing device for organic waste treatment according to claim 1, characterized in that, The discharge port of the crushing box (111) is equipped with a brush body (115), which includes multiple arrays of brush heads. The outer diameter of the brush head is smaller than the aperture of the screen plate (133). The brush head is arranged corresponding to the mesh of the screen plate (133), and the brush body (115) abuts against the lower surface of the screen plate (133).

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