Vibration reduction and energy absorption composite board and preparation method thereof

Abstract

The invention discloses a vibration reduction and energy absorption composite board and a preparation method thereof. The preparation method comprises the following steps: preparing a metal cavity and two metal filling blocks made of different metal materials; coating an isolating agent on the inner wall of the metal cavity; metal filling blocks made of different metal materials are alternately stacked and filled in the metal cavity in the thickness direction of the metal cavity, the metal cavity is vacuumized and sealed, and a first composite plate blank is obtained; heating the first composite plate blank to a first preset temperature, and carrying out heat preservation treatment within a first preset heating time; rolling the first composite plate blank to obtain a second composite plate blank; and the metal cavity on the outer side of the second composite board blank is removed, and the vibration reduction and energy absorption composite board is obtained. The prepared vibration reduction and energy absorption composite board is a high-strength metallurgical bonding vibration reduction and energy absorption composite board with different structural gradients, so that the vibration reduction and energy absorption composite board has a higher loss factor, the damping efficiency is improved, the weight is reduced, the combination forms are diversified, and the economic benefits of the product are remarkably improved.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of metal composite plate processing, in particular to a vibration-absorbing energy-absorbing composite plate and a preparation method thereof. BACKGROUND

[0002] The vibration-absorbing energy-absorbing plate is a functional material widely used in fields such as architecture, transportation, aerospace and military protection, and its core function is to absorb and dissipate external impact energy, reduce structural vibration or impact damage, thereby improving safety and durability, and having a wide application prospect.

[0003] The existing vibration-absorbing energy-absorbing single-metal plate is an engineering material composed of a single homogeneous metal (such as cast iron, mild steel, and chromium steel), which converts mechanical vibration energy into heat energy through the damping mechanism of the material itself. However, it has low loss factor, general damping efficiency, high density, and poor frequency band adaptability. SUMMARY

[0004] The purpose of the present application is to provide a vibration-absorbing energy-absorbing composite plate and a preparation method thereof. The preparation method of the vibration-absorbing energy-absorbing composite plate provided by the present application is used to prepare a vibration-absorbing energy-absorbing composite plate with a structural gradient of different metal materials, thereby improving the loss factor and damping efficiency and improving the frequency band adaptability.

[0005] In order to achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the present application provides the following technical scheme: In a first aspect, the present application provides a preparation method of a vibration-absorbing energy-absorbing composite plate, comprising: preparing a metal cavity and metal filling blocks of two different metal materials; coating a release agent on the inner wall of the metal cavity; alternately stacking and filling the metal filling blocks of different metal materials in the metal cavity along the thickness direction of the metal cavity, and vacuumizing and sealing the metal cavity for welding treatment to obtain a first composite plate blank; heating the first composite plate blank to a first preset temperature and maintaining the temperature for a first preset heating time; rolling the first composite plate blank to obtain a second composite plate blank; removing the metal cavity outside the second composite plate blank to obtain a vibration-absorbing energy-absorbing composite plate.

[0006] Optionally, in the above-mentioned preparation method of the vibration-absorbing energy-absorbing composite plate, after the preparation of the metal cavity and the metal filling blocks of two different metal materials, and before the coating of the release agent on the inner wall of the metal cavity, the preparation method comprises: polishing the inner surface of the metal cavity and / or the outer surface of the metal filling block to remove the surface oxide layer.

[0007] Optionally, in the preparation method of the damping energy-absorbing composite plate, the two metal filling blocks of different metal materials are solid metal filling blocks. Alternatively, one of the two metal filling blocks of different metal materials is a cavity structure with a containing cavity, and the containing cavity is filled with metal powder and a foaming agent, and the other metal filling block is a solid metal filling block.

[0008] Optionally, in the preparation method of the damping energy-absorbing composite plate, After the first composite blank is rolled, and before the metal cavity outside the second composite blank is removed, the preparation method further comprises: heating and foaming treatment is performed on the second composite blank at a second preset temperature and a second preset heating time, so that the metal filling block with the metal powder and the foaming agent is foamed and solidified.

[0009] Optionally, in the preparation method of the damping energy-absorbing composite plate, the alternately stacked filling of the metal filling blocks of different metal materials in the thickness direction of the metal cavity further comprises: the metal filling blocks of different metal materials are alternately filled in the length direction and / or the width direction of the metal cavity.

[0010] Optionally, in the preparation method of the damping energy-absorbing composite plate, the composite reduction ratio of rolling the second composite blank is 30%-70%.

[0011] Optionally, in the preparation method of the damping energy-absorbing composite plate, the number of layers of the alternately stacked layers is 2-50 layers.

[0012] Optionally, in the preparation method of the damping energy-absorbing composite plate, the metal cavity is prepared by stainless steel material or carbon structural steel material, and the metal filling blocks of any two different metal materials of aluminum material, stainless steel material and titanium material are alternately stacked in the metal cavity.

[0013] Optionally, in the preparation method of the damping energy-absorbing composite plate, when the two metal filling blocks are of the aluminum material and the stainless steel material, the first preset temperature range is 280-580°C, and the first preset heating time is 2-4h; when the two metal filling blocks are of the stainless steel material and the titanium material, the first preset temperature range is 650-950°C, and the first preset heating time is 1-3h.

[0014] In a second aspect, the present application also discloses a damping and energy-absorbing composite plate prepared by the preparation method of the damping and energy-absorbing composite plate. Alternatively, the damping and energy-absorbing composite plate comprises a plurality of metal layers stacked along the thickness direction, each of the metal layers comprises metal blocks of different materials arranged alternately along the width direction and / or the length direction, and the materials of two adjacent metal blocks in the thickness direction are different.

[0015] Compared with the prior art, the damping and energy-absorbing composite plate prepared by the preparation method of the damping and energy-absorbing composite plate has the following beneficial effects: In the preparation method of the damping and energy-absorbing composite plate, a metal cavity with a cavity structure is prepared, metal filling blocks of two different metal materials are prepared, a release agent is coated on the inner wall of the metal cavity, and then the metal filling blocks of different metal materials are alternately stacked along the thickness direction of the metal cavity to fill the entire metal cavity. After the metal filling blocks are filled, the metal cavity is vacuumized and subjected to sealing and welding treatment, the metal filling blocks are sealed in the metal cavity, thereby obtaining a first composite plate blank. Then, the first composite plate blank is heated and kept at a first preset temperature for a first preset heating time, and then the heated first composite plate blank is transported to a rolling device for rolling to obtain a second composite plate blank. Finally, the outermost metal cavity of the second composite plate blank is removed, and finally the damping and energy-absorbing composite plate is obtained. Compared with the damping and energy-absorbing single-metal plate of a single homogeneous metal material in the prior art, the damping and energy-absorbing composite plate prepared by the preparation method of the damping and energy-absorbing composite plate has different types of component metals arranged alternately, the contact interface of different types of component metals is subjected to severe plastic deformation under the action of rolling deformation, the bonding strength is improved, a high-strength metallurgical bonding different structure gradient damping and energy-absorbing composite plate is obtained, the damping and energy-absorbing composite plate has a higher loss factor, the damping efficiency is improved, the weight is reduced, the combination form is various, and the economic benefit of the product is significantly improved.

[0016] The damping and energy-absorbing composite plate prepared by the preparation method of the damping and energy-absorbing composite plate has all the technical effects of the preparation method of the damping and energy-absorbing composite plate, which will not be described here. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0017] The drawings described herein are used to provide further understanding of the present application, and form a part of the present application. The schematic embodiments of the present application and the descriptions thereof are used to explain the present application, and do not constitute an improper limitation on the present application. In the drawings: Figure 1 A flowchart of the preparation method of the damping and energy-absorbing composite plate disclosed in the embodiments of the present application; Figure 2 The flow chart of the second preparation method of the shock-absorbing energy-absorbing composite plate disclosed in the embodiment of the present application; Figure 3 The structural diagram of the metal filling block filled in the metal cavity in step 300 of the preparation method disclosed in the embodiment of the present application; Figure 4 The structural diagram of the first composite plate blank placed in the heating device in step 400 of the preparation method disclosed in the embodiment of the present application; Figure 5 The structural diagram of the first composite plate blank rolled in the rolling device in step 500 of the preparation method disclosed in the embodiment of the present application; Figure 6 The structural diagram of the second composite plate blank obtained in step 500 of the preparation method disclosed in the embodiment of the present application; Figure 7 The structural diagram of the shock-absorbing energy-absorbing composite plate obtained by removing the metal cavity in step 600 of the preparation method disclosed in the embodiment of the present application; Figure 8 The structural diagram of the metal filling block filled in the metal cavity with the foaming agent and the metal powder in the second preparation method disclosed in the embodiment of the present application; Figure 9 The structural diagram of the shock-absorbing energy-absorbing composite plate obtained by the second preparation method disclosed in the embodiment of the present application; Figure 10 The structural diagram of another shock-absorbing energy-absorbing composite plate disclosed in the embodiment of the present application, which is composed of metal layers of different materials arranged in the thickness direction.

[0018] Reference signs: 10 is a metal cavity, 20 is a metal filling block, 21 is a foaming agent, 22 is a metal powder, 23 is a separating agent, 30 is a first composite plate blank, 40 is a second composite plate blank, 50 is a shock-absorbing energy-absorbing composite plate, 51 is a metal layer, 511 is a metal block, 60 is a heating device, and 70 is a rolling device. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0019] In order to make the technical problems to be solved by the present application, the technical solutions and beneficial effects more clearly understood, the present application will be further described in detail below in combination with the drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only used to explain the present application and do not limit the present application.

[0020] It should be noted that when an element is referred to as being "fixed to" or "disposed on" another element, it can be directly on the other element or indirectly on the other element. When an element is referred to as being "connected to" another element, it can be directly connected to the other element or indirectly connected to the other element.

[0021] In addition, the terms "first", "second", "third", etc. are used only for descriptive purposes and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or an indicated number of technical features. Therefore, the features defined as "first", "second", etc. can explicitly or implicitly include one or more of the features. In the description of the present application, the meaning of "a plurality of" is two or more, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited.

[0022] In the description of the present application, it should be understood that the terms "up", "down", "front", "back", "left", "right" and the like indicate the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present application and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the devices or elements referred to must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as a limitation on the present application.

[0023] In the description of the present application, it should be noted that unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "mounting", "connecting", "connecting" should be understood broadly, for example, it can be fixedly connected, or it can be detachably connected, or integrally connected; it can be mechanically connected, or it can be electrically connected; it can be directly connected, or it can be indirectly connected through an intermediate medium; it can be the internal communication of two elements or the interaction relationship between two elements. For those skilled in the art, the specific meaning of the above terms in the present application can be understood according to the specific circumstances.

[0024] As shown in Figure 1 , Figures 3-7 The present application discloses a preparation method of a damping energy-absorbing composite plate, comprising the following steps: Step 100: preparing a metal cavity 10 and metal filling blocks 20 of two different metal materials.

[0025] After determining the metal material, the metal plate is processed according to the preset size to prepare a metal cavity 10 with an opening. The specific size of the metal cavity 10 can be set according to actual needs. The required metal material is determined, and there are at least two different metal materials. Each metal material is processed to prepare a metal filling block 20. Similarly, the specific size of the metal filling block 20 can be set according to actual needs.

[0026] Step 200: Coat the inner wall of the metal cavity 10 with a release agent 23. The release agent 23 is evenly distributed on the inner wall of the metal cavity 10, with a thickness of less than 0.1 mm. The release agent 23 can be calcium carbonate or silicon dioxide. The release agent 23 can block the direct contact between the metal cavity 10 and the metal filler block 20, preventing the metal cavity 10 and the metal filler block 20 from sticking together during heating and rolling, and facilitating the subsequent removal of the metal cavity 10.

[0027] Step 300: As Figure 3 As shown, metal filler blocks 20 of different metal materials are alternately stacked and filled into the metal cavity 10 along the thickness direction, and the metal cavity 10 is vacuum sealed and welded to obtain the first composite plate blank 30.

[0028] Metal filler blocks 20 are placed into the metal cavity 10 through the opening of the metal cavity 10. During the placement process, metal filler blocks 20 of different metal materials are laid in an alternating layered manner along the thickness direction of the metal cavity 10 until multiple layers of metal filler blocks 20 fill the entire metal cavity 10. Then, the metal cavity 10 is vacuumed using a vacuuming device to remove the air in the metal cavity 10 and prevent moisture and oxygen in the air from corroding and oxidizing the internal metal. After the vacuuming process is completed, the metal cavity 10 is sealed using a sealing welding device to completely seal each metal block inside the metal cavity 10 and isolate it from contact with the outside air, thus obtaining the first composite plate blank 30.

[0029] Step 400: Heat the first composite board blank 30 to a first preset temperature and hold it at that temperature for a first preset heating time; like Figure 4 As shown, after confirming that the metal cavity 10 is properly sealed, the first composite plate blank 30 is placed in the heating device 60 and heated to the first preset temperature, and then kept warm for a first preset heating time at the first preset temperature.

[0030] Step 500: Roll the first composite plate blank 30 to obtain the second composite plate blank 40; like Figure 5 As shown, the heated first composite plate blank 30 is fed to the rolling mill 70 for rolling, thereby finally obtaining the second composite plate blank 40, as follows. Figure 6 As shown; in a specific embodiment, the rolling equipment 70 may be a two-roll mill, a four-roll mill or a six-roll mill, and those skilled in the art can select according to actual needs.

[0031] Step 600: Remove the metal cavity 10 on the outside of the second composite plate blank 40 to obtain the vibration damping and energy absorption composite plate 50.

[0032] like Figure 6 andFigure 7 As shown, the outermost metal cavity 10 is removed, only the inner filling layer is reserved, and the vibration-absorbing and energy-absorbing composite plate 50 with different structural gradients without the metal cavity 10 is obtained. In this way, not only the overall weight of the vibration-absorbing and energy-absorbing composite plate 50 can be further reduced, but also the energy can be directly dissipated through plastic deformation and cavity resonance, and the energy-absorbing efficiency is higher.

[0033] Compared with the single homogeneous metal material vibration-absorbing and energy-absorbing single-metal plate in the prior art, the vibration-absorbing and energy-absorbing composite plate 50 prepared by the preparation method of the vibration-absorbing and energy-absorbing composite plate provided by the present application has different types of component metals alternately stacked. Under the action of rolling deformation, the contact interfaces of different types of component metals are subjected to severe plastic deformation, and have good bonding strength. Thus, a different structural gradient vibration-absorbing and energy-absorbing composite plate 50 with high-strength metallurgical bonding is obtained. The shear deformation and cavity resonance of the alternately stacked different metal materials in the metal cavity 10 achieve wideband energy absorption, so that the vibration-absorbing and energy-absorbing composite plate 50 has a higher loss factor, improves the damping efficiency, reduces the weight, and the multiple metal materials form a diversity of combination forms, which can realize the customization of the structure. The metal filling blocks of different materials are directly alternately stacked in the metal cavity, and then heating and rolling operations are performed. The operation is simple, the rolling technology is mature and low in cost, and the vibration-absorbing and energy-absorbing composite plate with different structural gradients can be mass-produced, which significantly improves the economic benefits of the product.

[0034] In a specific embodiment, as shown in Figure 2 After the metal cavity 10 and the metal filling blocks 20 of two different metal materials are prepared in step 100, and before the inner wall of the metal cavity 10 is coated with the release agent 23 in step 200, the preparation method further includes step 101: polishing the inner surface of the metal cavity 10 and / or the outer surface of the metal filling block 20 to remove the oxidation layer on the surface.

[0035] For example, a steel wire brush, a grinding wheel or a diamond grinding disc can be used to polish the inner surface of the metal cavity 10 or the outer surface of the metal filling block 20, so as to remove the oxidation layer on the inner surface of the metal cavity 10 and / or the outer surface of the metal filling block 20, avoid the oxidation erosion of the inside of the vibration-absorbing and energy-absorbing composite plate 50, enhance the bonding strength of each metal layer, and improve the overall performance of the vibration-absorbing and energy-absorbing composite plate 50.

[0036] As shown in Figures 3-7 The metal filling blocks 20 of two different metal materials are solid metal filling blocks. That is, each solid metal filling block is a solid single metal material, and the metal filling block 20 can be a solid metal plate, a solid metal strip, a solid metal ingot, etc.

[0037] In another specific embodiment, as shown in Figure 8 andFigure 9 As shown, in addition to the two different metal materials of the metal filling block 20 being solid metal filling blocks, one of the two different metal materials of the metal filling block 20 can be provided as a cavity structure with a containing cavity, and then the metal powder 22 and the foaming agent 21 of different metal materials from the other metal filling block 20 are filled in the containing cavity, thereby forming a combination of different types of component metals and foam metals, so that a cavity structure is formed inside the composite plate, thereby achieving shear deformation and cavity resonance of the component metal and the foam metal to improve broadband energy absorption, and the metal filling block 20 and the structure gradient of the foam metal depend on the topological deformation of the foam metal and the plastic dissipation of the dense metal to achieve the energy absorption effect. In this way, the vibration and energy absorption composite plate 50 with different structure gradients can be realized in different application scenarios. The structure gradient vibration and energy absorption composite plate 50 of different types of metals is suitable for application scenarios with high compressive strength, long-term stability, and extreme environment. The structure gradient vibration and energy absorption composite plate 50 of metal and foam metal is suitable for application scenarios of high-frequency vibration, lightweight, and collision buffering, thereby improving the applicability of the vibration and energy absorption composite plate.

[0038] As shown in the embodiment, Figure 2 In the case where the metal filling block 20 is a cavity structure with a containing cavity and is filled with metal powder 22 and a foaming agent 21, the preparation method of the vibration and energy absorption composite plate provided by the embodiment includes the following steps after the step 500 of rolling the first composite plate blank 30 to obtain the second composite plate blank 40 and before the step 600 of removing the metal cavity on the outside of the second composite plate blank: The second composite plate blank 40 is heated and foamed at a second preset temperature and a second preset heating time, so that the metal filling block 20 with the metal powder 22 and the foaming agent 21 is foamed and solidified; The first composite plate blank 30 filled with the metal powder 22 and the foaming agent 21 inside is heated and then transported to the rolling equipment 70 for rolling to obtain the second composite plate blank 40. Then, the second composite plate blank 40 is placed into the heating equipment 60 again and heated to a second preset temperature. The heating and foaming treatment is performed at the second preset temperature for a second preset heating time, until the foaming and solidification are completed. Thus, the vibration and energy absorption composite plate 50 obtained finally has better internal density and more stable overall structure. The preparation method of the vibration and energy absorption composite plate provided by the embodiment synchronously controls the blanking of different structures, rolling temperature, pressure, foaming temperature and time, and can realize efficient, continuous and stable forming of the vibration and energy absorption composite plate 50 with different structure gradients and metallurgical combination of the composite interface. The method has the advantages of high production efficiency, short process flow, high interface bonding strength, large size specification range, etc. Finally, the structure is controllable and the vibration and energy absorption performance is customized, thereby meeting the needs of various application occasions in different environments.

[0039] In a specific embodiment, as shown in Figure 3 , Figure 8 and Figure 10 , the process of alternately stacking the metal filling blocks 20 of different metal materials in the thickness direction of the metal cavity 10 also includes: alternately filling in the metal cavity 10 along the length direction of the first composite plate blank 30 and / or along the width direction of the first composite plate blank 30, that is, the two metal filling blocks adjacent in the length direction in the same thickness layer in the thickness direction are of different metal materials, or the two metal filling blocks 20 adjacent in the width direction in the same thickness layer are of different metal materials, or both the two metal filling blocks 20 adjacent in the length direction and the two metal filling blocks adjacent in the width direction in the same thickness layer are of different metal materials. Wherein, the length direction of the first composite plate blank 30 is parallel to the rolling conveying direction of the first composite plate blank 30 (shown as the left-right direction in Figure 3 ), and the width direction of the first composite plate blank 30 is the direction perpendicular to the rolling conveying direction in the horizontal plane.

[0040] When the metal filling block 20 is a solid metal plate, then the solid metal plates of different materials are alternately stacked in the thickness direction, and each solid metal plate finally forms a metal layer 51. The final processed vibration-absorbing energy-absorbing composite plate 50 is as shown in Figure 10 , the materials of the two metal layers 51 adjacent in the thickness direction are different. When the metal filling block 20 is a solid metal strip or a solid metal ingot, multiple solid metal strips or solid metal ingots of different materials in the same layer are alternately arranged in the length direction and / or the width direction, so that the materials of the two metal blocks 511 adjacent in the length direction and / or the width direction in each metal layer 51 are different, as shown in Figure 7 and Figure 9 , at this time, the materials of the two metal blocks 511 adjacent in the thickness direction are also different.

[0041] Among them, Figure 3 and Figure 8 are the structures of the metal filling blocks 20 of different metal materials in the same thickness layer of the first composite plate blank 30 arranged alternately in the length direction, that is, the left and right directions of a certain metal filling block 20 are of different metal materials, Figure 8 , the different metal materials of the metal filling blocks 20 in the left and right distribution (side-by-side structure) in have good coordinated deformation through transverse constraint strength and interface shear strength, wherein the metal filling block 20 with high stiffness is used to bear the main load, and the low-stiffness foam metal can share deformation through interface shear force to reduce local stress concentration, and adjacent metal filling blocks 20 realize load transfer through strong bonding interface.

[0042] In the preparation method of the vibration-absorbing and energy-absorbing composite plate provided in the embodiment, the rolling composite reduction rate is 30%-70% during the rolling process of the first composite plate blank 30 after heating by the rolling equipment 70, thereby ensuring that the composite interface of the second composite plate blank 40 is metallurgically combined, and ensuring that the metal powder 22 and the foaming agent 21 are compacted, so that the second composite plate blank 40 has high structural strength.

[0043] In another specific embodiment, the metal filling blocks 20 of different metal materials are alternately stacked in the thickness direction in the stacking layer number range of 2-50 layers of the metal cavity 10, and specifically can be 2 layers, 3 layers, 5 layers, 10 layers, 15 layers, 20 layers, 25 layers, 30 layers, 35 layers, 40 layers, 45 layers, or 50 layers, so as to ensure that the formed vibration-absorbing and energy-absorbing composite plate 50 has good performance of absorbing and dissipating external impact energy and reducing structural vibration or impact damage. Of course, it can be understood that a person skilled in the art can set a specific number of layers according to actual needs to meet the needs of various application occasions in different environments.

[0044] In some embodiments, the metal cavity 10 is prepared by stainless steel or carbon structural steel, and the metal filling blocks of any two different metal materials of aluminum, stainless steel, and titanium are alternately stacked in the metal cavity.

[0045] In a specific embodiment, the metal cavity 10 is made of stainless steel, and the two different metal filling blocks 20 of aluminum and stainless steel are prepared, and the number of the two different metal filling blocks 20 is the same, and then the first composite plate blank 30 is prepared by filling in the metal cavity 10. At this time, the first preset temperature range of the first composite plate blank 30 is 280-580°C, and the first preset heating time range is 2-4 hours, so as to ensure that the rolling process has good plastic deformation and high bonding strength, and the vibration-absorbing and energy-absorbing composite plate 50 with stable structure is prepared. The two different metal filling blocks 20 of stainless steel and titanium can also be prepared, and the number of the two different metal filling blocks 20 is the same, and then the first composite plate blank 30 is prepared by filling in the metal cavity 10. At this time, the first preset temperature range of the first composite plate blank 30 is 650-950°C, and the first preset heating time range is 1-3 hours, so as to ensure that the rolling process has good plastic deformation and high bonding strength, and the vibration-absorbing and energy-absorbing composite plate 50 with stable structure is prepared.

[0046] In a specific embodiment, the preparation method of the 3003 aluminum / 304 stainless steel vibration-absorbing and energy-absorbing composite plate is as follows: Step 100: preparing the metal cavity 10 and the two different metal filling blocks 20; The metal cavity 10 is prepared by using Q235 carbon structural steel with a length of 490 mm, a width of 110 mm, a height of 190 mm and a wall thickness of 5 mm, the metal filling block 20 is prepared by using 3003 aluminum with a size of 80 mm, a width of 100 mm and a height of 60 mm, the metal filling block 20 is prepared by using 304 stainless steel with a size of a length of 80 mm, a width of 100 mm and a height of 80 mm, and the metal filling block 20 of 3003 aluminum and the metal filling block 20 of 304 stainless steel are both 9 pieces.

[0047] Step 101: polishing the inner surface of the metal cavity 10 and / or the outer surface of the metal filling block 20 to remove the surface oxide layer; The inner surface of the metal cavity 10 is polished by using a steel wire brush to remove the surface oxide layer, or each metal filling block 20 can be polished by using a grinding wheel to remove the surface oxide layer of the metal filling block 20.

[0048] Step 200: coating the inner wall of the metal cavity 10 with a release agent 23. The release agent 23 is a silicon dioxide release agent.

[0049] Step 300: alternately stacking and filling the metal filling blocks 20 of different metal materials in the thickness direction of the metal cavity 10 in the metal cavity 10, and vacuum sealing and welding the metal cavity 10 to obtain a first composite plate blank 30; The 9 metal filling blocks 20 of 3003 aluminum and the 9 metal filling blocks 20 of 304 stainless steel are alternately distributed in the metal cavity 10 of Q235 carbon structural steel, and vacuum sealing and welding is performed to obtain a first composite plate blank 30 of 3003 aluminum / 304 stainless steel with a length of 490 mm, a width of 110 mm and a height of 190 mm.

[0050] Step 400: heating the first composite plate blank 30 to a first preset temperature and maintaining the temperature for a first preset heating time; The first preset temperature is set to 500 DEG C, after the heating device reaches the heating temperature of 500 DEG C, the first composite plate blank 30 is placed into the heating device, the first preset heating time is set to 1.5 h, and the first composite plate blank 30 is continuously heated and maintained.

[0051] Step 500: rolling the first composite plate blank 30 to obtain a second composite plate blank 40; Then the heated first composite plate blank 30 is sent into the rolling mill, and the rolling is performed at a reduction rate of 40%, and finally a second composite plate blank 40 of 3003 aluminum / 304 stainless steel is obtained.

[0052] Step 600: removing the metal cavity 10 outside the second composite slab blank 40 to obtain the 3003 aluminum / 304 stainless steel vibration-absorbing energy-absorbing composite slab 50; After the second composite slab blank 40 is rolled out, the outermost metal cavity 10 is removed, only the inner filler layer is retained, and the preparation of the vibration-absorbing energy-absorbing composite slab 50 is finally completed, which can further reduce the overall weight of the vibration-absorbing energy-absorbing composite slab 50, and also disperses stress through dislocation multiplication and strain hardening of the component metals, improving energy-absorbing efficiency.

[0053] In a specific embodiment, the steps of the preparation method of the 1060 foam aluminum / 316 stainless steel vibration-absorbing energy-absorbing composite slab are as follows: Step 100: preparing the metal cavity 10 and the metal filler block 20 of two different metal materials; A metal cavity 10 is prepared from 316 stainless steel with a size of length 372 mm, width 92 mm, height 192 mm, and wall thickness 6 mm. A metal filler block 20 with a containing space is prepared from 316 stainless steel with a length of 60 mm, a width of 80 mm, a height of 60 mm, and a wall thickness of 1 mm, and then 1060 aluminum powder and titanium hydride foaming agent are uniformly filled into the containing space. After filling is completed, the metal filler block 20 with 1060 aluminum powder and titanium hydride foaming agent is capped, and the number of metal filler blocks 20 with 1060 aluminum powder and titanium hydride foaming agent is 9. Meanwhile, a 316 stainless steel plate solid metal filler block 20 is prepared from 316 stainless steel with a length of 60 mm, a width of 80 mm, and a height of 60 mm, and is also set to 9.

[0054] Step 101: polishing the inner surface of the metal cavity 10 and / or the outer surface of the metal filler block 20 to remove the surface oxide layer; The inner surface of the metal cavity 10 is polished with a steel wire brush to remove the surface oxide layer, and each metal filler block 20 can be polished with a grinding wheel to remove the surface oxide layer of the metal filler block 20.

[0055] Step 200: coating the inner wall of the metal cavity 10 with a release agent 23. The release agent 23 is a silicon dioxide release agent.

[0056] Step 300: alternately stacking and filling the metal filler blocks 20 of different metal materials in the metal cavity 10, and vacuumizing and sealing the metal cavity 10 for welding treatment to obtain the first composite slab blank 30; The 9 metal filler blocks 20 filled with 1060 aluminum powder and titanium hydride foaming agent and the 9 solid metal filler blocks 20 are alternately distributed in the 316 stainless steel metal cavity 10, and are vacuumized and sealed for welding to obtain a 1060 aluminum powder / 316 stainless steel first composite slab blank 30 with a length of 372 mm, a width of 92 mm, and a height of 192 mm.

[0057] Step 400: heating the first composite plate blank 30 to a first preset temperature and maintaining the temperature for a first preset heating time; The first preset temperature is set to 550℃. After the heating device reaches the heating temperature of 550℃, the first composite plate blank 30 is placed in the heating device. The first preset heating time is set to 2h. The first composite plate blank 30 is continuously heated and maintained.

[0058] Step 500: rolling the first composite plate blank 30 to obtain a second composite plate blank 40; The heated first composite plate blank 30 is then sent to a rolling mill and rolled at a reduction rate of 45% to obtain a 1060 aluminum powder / 316 stainless steel second composite plate blank 40.

[0059] Step 501: heating and foaming the second composite plate blank 40 at a second preset temperature and a second preset heating time to make the metal filler block 20 with the metal powder 22 and the foaming agent 21 foamed and solidified; The second preset temperature is set to 640℃, and the second preset heating time is set to 2.5h. After the heating device reaches the foaming temperature of 640℃, the 1060 aluminum powder / 316 stainless steel second composite plate blank 40 is placed in the heating device and continuously heated and maintained for 2.5h. Finally, the foaming and solidification of the 1060 aluminum powder and the titanium hydride foaming agent are completed.

[0060] Step 600: removing the metal cavity 10 on the outside of the second composite plate blank 40 to obtain a 1060 aluminum foam / 316 stainless steel vibration-absorbing energy-absorbing composite plate 50; After the second composite plate blank 40 is rolled, the outermost metal cavity 10 is removed, and only the inner filler layer is retained to obtain the second composite plate blank 40 with the metal cavity 10 removed, forming a vibration-absorbing energy-absorbing composite plate 50. This can further reduce the overall weight of the vibration-absorbing energy-absorbing composite plate 50, and also allows the energy-absorbing efficiency to be improved by the topological deformation of the foam metal and the plastic dissipation of the dense metal.

[0061] In a specific embodiment, the steps of the preparation method of a 1060 aluminum foam / 304 stainless steel vibration-absorbing energy-absorbing composite plate are as follows: Step 100: preparing a metal cavity 10 and a metal filler block 20 of two different metal materials; A metal cavity 10 with a length of 310 mm, a width of 100 mm, a height of 160 mm and a wall thickness of 5 mm is prepared by using 304 stainless steel. A metal filling block 20 with a length of 300 mm, a width of 15 mm, a height of 50 mm and a wall thickness of 2 mm having a containing space is prepared by using 304 stainless steel, then 1060 aluminum powder and titanium hydride foaming agent are uniformly filled into the containing space, after the filling is completed, the metal filling block 20 filled with 1060 aluminum powder and titanium hydride foaming agent is capped, and the number of metal filling blocks 20 filled with 1060 aluminum powder and titanium hydride foaming agent is 9, and at the same time, a 304 stainless steel solid metal filling block 20 with a length of 50 mm, a width of 80 mm and a height of 50 mm is prepared by using 304 stainless steel, and also 9 pieces.

[0062] Step 101: polishing the inner surface of the metal cavity 10 and / or the outer surface of the metal filling block 20 to remove the surface oxide layer; The inner surface of the metal cavity 10 is polished with a steel wire brush to remove the surface oxide layer, and the metal filling block 20 can be polished with a grinding disc to remove the surface oxide layer of the metal filling block 20.

[0063] Step 200: coating the inner wall of the metal cavity 10 with a release agent 23. The release agent 23 is a silicon dioxide release agent.

[0064] Step 300: alternately stacking and filling the metal filling blocks 20 of different metal materials in the metal cavity 10, and vacuumizing and sealing the metal cavity 10 for welding treatment to obtain a first composite plate blank 30; The 9 metal filling blocks 20 filled with 1060 aluminum powder and titanium hydride foaming agent and the 9 solid metal filling blocks 20 are alternately distributed in the 304 stainless steel metal cavity 10, and vacuumized and sealed for welding to obtain a first 1060 aluminum powder / 304 stainless steel composite plate blank 30 with a length of 310 mm, a width of 90 mm and a height of 160 mm.

[0065] Step 400: heating the first composite plate blank 30 to a first preset temperature and maintaining the temperature for a first preset heating time; The first preset temperature is set to 550℃, after the heating device reaches the heating temperature of 550℃, the first composite plate blank 30 is put into the heating device, the first preset heating time is set to 2h, and the first composite plate blank 30 is continuously heated and maintained.

[0066] Step 500: rolling the first composite plate blank 30 to obtain a second composite plate blank 40; Then the heated first composite plate blank 30 is sent into the rolling mill, and the rolling is carried out at a reduction rate of 45% to obtain a second 1060 aluminum powder / 304 stainless steel composite plate blank 40.

[0067] Step 501: The second composite slab blank 40 is heated and foamed at a second preset temperature and a second preset heating time, so that the metal filling block 20 with the metal powder 22 and the foaming agent 21 is foamed and solidified; The second preset temperature is set to 640℃, and the second preset heating time is set to 2.5h. After the heating device reaches the foaming temperature of 640℃, the second composite slab blank 40 of 1060 aluminum powder / 304 stainless steel is placed in the heating device and then continuously heated and kept for 2.5h, and finally the foaming and solidification of the 1060 aluminum powder and the titanium hydride foaming agent are completed.

[0068] Step 600: Remove the metal cavity 10 outside the second composite slab blank 40 to obtain the 1060 aluminum foam / 304 stainless steel vibration absorption and energy absorption composite slab 50; After the second composite slab blank 40 is rolled out, the outermost metal cavity 10 is removed, and only the inner filling layer is retained, and finally the preparation of the vibration absorption and energy absorption composite slab 50 is completed, which can further reduce the overall weight of the vibration absorption and energy absorption composite slab 50, and also enables the energy absorption efficiency to be improved by the topological deformation of the foamed metal and the plastic dissipation of the dense metal.

[0069] In a specific embodiment, the preparation method of the TC4 titanium / 316 stainless steel vibration absorption and energy absorption composite slab is as follows: Step 100: Preparation of the metal cavity 10 and the metal filling block 20 of two different metal materials; The metal cavity 10 with a length of 612mm, a width of 132mm, a height of 252mm and a wall thickness of 6mm is prepared by using 316 stainless steel. The metal filling block 20 with a length of 100mm, a width of 120mm and a height of 80mm is prepared by using TC4 titanium, and the metal filling block 20 with a length of 100mm, a width of 120mm and a height of 80mm is prepared by using 316 stainless steel. The metal filling block 20 of TC4 titanium and the metal filling block 20 of 316 stainless steel are both 9 pieces.

[0070] Step 101: Polishing treatment is performed on the inner surface of the metal cavity 10 and / or the outer surface of the metal filling block 20 to remove the surface oxide layer; The inner surface of the metal cavity 10 is polished by using a steel wire brush to remove the surface oxide layer. The sanding disc can be used to polish each metal filling block 20 to remove the surface oxide layer of the metal filling block 20.

[0071] Step 200: Coating the insulating agent 23 on the inner wall of the metal cavity 10. The insulating agent 23 is calcium carbonate insulating agent.

[0072] Step 300: The metal filling blocks 20 of different metal materials are alternately stacked and filled in the metal cavity 10, and the metal cavity 10 is vacuum sealed and welded to obtain the first composite plate blank 30; Nine metal filling blocks 20 of TC4 titanium and nine metal filling blocks 20 of 316 stainless steel are alternately distributed in the metal cavity 10 of 316 stainless steel, and vacuum sealing and welding are performed to obtain a first TC4 titanium / 316 stainless steel composite plate blank 30 with a length of 612 mm, a width of 132 mm, and a height of 252 mm.

[0073] Step 400: The first composite plate blank 30 is heated to a first preset temperature and held for a first preset heating time.

[0074] The first preset temperature is set to 800 DEG C, and after the heating device reaches the heating temperature of 800 DEG C, the first composite plate blank 30 is placed in the heating device, the first preset heating time is set to 1 h, and the first composite plate blank 30 is continuously heated and held.

[0075] Step 500: The first composite plate blank 30 is rolled to obtain a second composite plate blank 40.

[0076] Then the heated first composite plate blank 30 is sent to a rolling mill and rolled at a reduction rate of 45% to finally obtain a TC4 titanium / 316 stainless steel second composite plate blank 40.

[0077] Step 600: Remove the metal cavity 10 outside the second composite plate blank 40 to obtain a TC4 titanium / 316 stainless steel vibration-absorbing energy-absorbing composite plate 50; After the second composite plate blank 40 is rolled, the outermost metal cavity 10 is removed, only the filling layer inside is retained, and finally the preparation of the vibration-absorbing energy-absorbing composite plate 50 is completed, which can further reduce the overall weight of the vibration-absorbing energy-absorbing composite plate 50, and also disperses stress through dislocation multiplication and strain hardening of the component metals, improving the energy-absorbing efficiency.

[0078] In a specific embodiment, the steps of the TA1 titanium foam / 304 stainless steel vibration-absorbing energy-absorbing composite plate preparation method are as follows: Step 100: Prepare the metal cavity 10 and the metal filling blocks 20 of two different metal materials; A metal cavity 10 with a length of 370 mm, a width of 110 mm, a height of 190 mm and a wall thickness of 5 mm is prepared by using 304 stainless steel. A metal filling block 20 with a containing space having a length of 60 mm, a width of 100 mm, a height of 60 mm and a wall thickness of 2.5 mm is prepared by using 304 stainless steel, then TA1 titanium powder and titanium hydride foaming agent are uniformly filled into the containing space, after the filling is completed, the metal filling block 20 with the filled TA1 titanium powder and titanium hydride foaming agent is capped, and the number of the metal filling block 20 with the filled TA1 titanium powder and titanium hydride foaming agent is 9, at the same time, a solid metal filling block 20 with a length of 60 mm, a width of 100 mm and a height of 60 mm is prepared by using 304 stainless steel, and the number of the solid metal filling block 20 is also set to 9.

[0079] Step 101: polishing the inner surface of the metal cavity 10 and / or the outer surface of the metal filling block 20 to remove the surface oxide layer; The inner surface of the metal cavity 10 is polished by using a steel wire brush to remove the surface oxide layer, or each metal filling block 20 can be polished by using a grinding wheel to remove the surface oxide layer of the metal filling block 20.

[0080] Step 200: coating the inner wall of the metal cavity 10 with a release agent 23. The release agent 23 is calcium carbonate release agent.

[0081] Step 300: alternately stacking and filling the metal filling blocks 20 of different metal materials in the metal cavity 10, and vacuum sealing and welding the metal cavity 10 to obtain a first composite plate blank 30; The 9 metal filling blocks 20 filled with TA1 titanium powder and titanium hydride foaming agent and the 9 solid metal filling blocks 20 are alternately distributed in the metal cavity 10 of 304 stainless steel, and vacuum sealing and welding is performed to obtain a first TA1 titanium powder / 304 stainless steel composite plate blank 30 with a length of 370 mm, a width of 110 mm and a height of 190 mm.

[0082] Step 400: heating the first composite plate blank 30 to a first preset temperature and maintaining the temperature for a first preset heating time; The first preset temperature is set to 750 DEG C, after the heating device reaches the heating temperature of 750 DEG C, the first composite plate blank 30 is placed into the heating device, the first preset heating time is set to 1.5 h, and the first composite plate blank 30 is continuously heated and maintained.

[0083] Step 500: rolling the first composite plate blank 30 to obtain a second composite plate blank 40; Then the heated first composite plate blank 30 is sent into a rolling mill, and rolling is performed at a reduction rate of 50% to obtain a second TA1 titanium powder / 304 stainless steel composite plate blank 40.

[0084] Step 501: The second composite plate blank 40 is heated and foamed at a second preset temperature and a second preset heating time, so that the metal filling block 20 with the metal powder 22 and the foaming agent 21 is foamed and solidified; The second preset temperature is set to 800℃, and the second preset heating time is set to 25min. After the heating device reaches the foaming temperature of 640℃, the second composite plate blank 40 of TA1 titanium powder / 304 stainless steel is placed in the heating device and then continuously heated and kept for 25min. Finally, the TA1 titanium powder and the titanium hydride foaming agent are foamed and solidified.

[0085] Step 600: Remove the metal cavity 10 outside the second composite plate blank 40 to obtain the TA1 titanium foam / 304 stainless steel vibration-absorbing energy-absorbing composite plate 50; After the second composite plate blank 40 is rolled out, the outermost metal cavity 10 is removed, and only the inner filling layer is retained, and finally the preparation of the vibration-absorbing energy-absorbing composite plate 50 is completed. This can further reduce the overall weight of the vibration-absorbing energy-absorbing composite plate 50, and also enables the energy-absorbing efficiency to be improved by the topological deformation of the foam metal and the plastic dissipation of the dense metal.

[0086] In a specific embodiment, the steps of the preparation method of the TA1 titanium foam / 316 stainless steel vibration-absorbing energy-absorbing composite plate are as follows: Step 100: Preparation of the metal cavity 10 and the metal filling block 20 of two different metal materials; A metal cavity 10 with a length of 428mm, a width of 128mm, a height of 218mm and a wall thickness of 4mm is prepared from 316 stainless steel. A metal filling block 20 with a length of 420mm, a width of 20mm, a height of 70mm and a wall thickness of 2mm having a containing space is prepared from 316 stainless steel, and then TA1 titanium powder and titanium hydride foaming agent are uniformly filled into the containing space. After the filling is completed, the cover is sealed, and the number of metal filling blocks 20 filled with TA1 titanium powder and titanium hydride foaming agent is 9. Meanwhile, a solid metal filling block 20 with a length of 70mm, a width of 100mm and a height of 70mm is prepared from 316 stainless steel, and is also set to 9.

[0087] Step 101: Polishing treatment is performed on the inner surface of the metal cavity 10 and / or the outer surface of the metal filling block 20 to remove the surface oxide layer; The inner surface of the metal cavity 10 is polished using a steel wire brush to remove the surface oxide layer, or each metal filling block 20 can be polished using a grinding wheel to remove the surface oxide layer of the metal filling block 20.

[0088] Step 200: Coating an isolating agent 23 on the inner wall of the metal cavity 10. The isolating agent 23 is a calcium carbonate isolating agent.

[0089] Step 300: alternately stacking and filling the metal filler blocks 20 of different metal materials in the metal cavity 10, and vacuumizing and sealing the metal cavity 10 for treatment, to obtain a first composite plate blank 30; Nine metal filler blocks 20 filled with TA1 titanium powder and titanium hydride foaming agent and nine solid metal filler blocks 20 are alternately distributed in the metal cavity 10 of 316 stainless steel, and vacuumized and sealed to obtain a first TA1 titanium powder / 316 stainless steel composite plate blank 30 with a length of 428 mm, a width of 108 mm, and a height of 218 mm.

[0090] Step 400: heating the first composite plate blank 30 to a first preset temperature and maintaining the temperature for a first preset heating time; The first preset temperature is set to 900℃, and after the heating device reaches the heating temperature of 900℃, the first composite plate blank 30 is placed in the heating device, and the first preset heating time is set to 1h for continuous heating and maintaining of the first composite plate blank 30.

[0091] Step 500: rolling the first composite plate blank 30 to obtain a second composite plate blank 40; Then the heated first composite plate blank 30 is sent to a rolling mill for rolling at a reduction rate of 45% to obtain a second TA1 titanium powder / 316 stainless steel composite plate blank 40.

[0092] Step 501: heating and foaming the second composite plate blank 40 at a second preset temperature and for a second preset heating time, so that the metal filler block 20 with the metal powder 22 and the foaming agent 21 is foamed and solidified; The second preset temperature is set to 750℃, and the second preset heating time is set to 20min. After the heating device reaches the foaming temperature of 750℃, the second TA1 titanium powder / 316 stainless steel composite plate blank 40 is placed in the heating device and then continuously heated and maintained for 20min, finally completing the foaming and solidification of the TA1 titanium powder and the titanium hydride foaming agent.

[0093] Step 600: removing the metal cavity 10 outside the second composite plate blank 40 to obtain a TA1 titanium foam / 316 stainless steel vibration absorption and energy absorption composite plate 50; After the second composite plate blank 40 is rolled, the outermost metal cavity 10 is removed, and only the filling layer inside is retained, and finally the preparation of the vibration absorption and energy absorption composite plate 50 is completed, which can further reduce the overall weight of the vibration absorption and energy absorption composite plate 50, and also makes the energy absorption efficiency improved by the topological deformation of the foamed metal and the plastic dissipation of the dense metal.

[0094] As Figure 7 , Figure 9 and Figure 10As shown, based on the preparation method of the damping energy-absorbing composite plate described in any of the above embodiments, the damping energy-absorbing composite plate 50 is prepared by the above preparation method of the damping energy-absorbing composite plate, and the damping energy-absorbing composite plate 50 includes metal layers 51 of different materials alternately stacked in the thickness direction; Alternatively, the damping energy-absorbing composite plate 50 includes a plurality of metal layers 51 stacked in the thickness direction, each metal layer 51 includes metal blocks 511 of different materials arranged alternately in the width direction and / or the length direction, and the materials of two adjacent metal blocks 511 in the thickness direction are different. Wherein, the metal block 511 can be a solid metal block 511, or a metal block 511 with foamed metal.

[0095] Since the damping energy-absorbing composite plate in the present application is prepared by the preparation method described in any of the above embodiments, the damping energy-absorbing composite plate 50 disclosed in the present embodiment has all the technical effects of the above preparation method of the damping energy-absorbing composite plate, which will not be repeated here.

[0096] In the description of the above embodiments, specific features, structures, materials or characteristics can be combined in any one or more embodiments or examples in a suitable manner.

[0097] The above is only a specific implementation of the present application, but the protection scope of the present application is not limited thereto, any person skilled in the art can easily think of changes or replacements within the technical range disclosed in the present application, which should be covered within the protection scope of the present application. Therefore, the protection scope of the present application should be subject to the protection scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A method for preparing a vibration-damping and energy-absorbing composite panel, characterized in that, include: Prepare a metal cavity and two metal filler blocks made of different metal materials; A release agent is coated on the inner wall of the metal cavity; The metal filler blocks of different metal materials are alternately stacked and filled into the metal cavity along the thickness direction of the metal cavity, and the metal cavity is vacuum sealed and welded to obtain the first composite plate blank. The first composite plate blank is heated to a first preset temperature and kept at that temperature for a first preset heating time. The first composite plate blank is rolled to obtain the second composite plate blank; Remove the metal cavity on the outside of the second composite plate blank to obtain a vibration-damping and energy-absorbing composite plate.

2. The method for preparing the vibration-damping and energy-absorbing composite plate according to claim 1, characterized in that, After the preparation of the metal cavity and the two metal filler blocks of different metal materials, and before the coating of a release agent on the inner wall of the metal cavity, the preparation method includes: The inner surface of the metal cavity and / or the outer surface of the metal filling block are polished to remove the oxide layer on the surface.

3. The method for preparing the vibration-damping and energy-absorbing composite plate according to claim 1, characterized in that, Both of the metal filler blocks made of different metal materials are solid metal filler blocks; Alternatively, one of the two metal filler blocks of different metal materials may be a cavity structure with a receiving cavity, and the receiving cavity is filled with metal powder and foaming agent, while the other metal filler blocks may be solid metal filler blocks.

4. The method for preparing the vibration-damping and energy-absorbing composite plate according to claim 3, characterized in that, After rolling the first composite plate blank, and before removing the metal cavity on the outside of the second composite plate blank, the preparation method further includes: The second composite board blank is subjected to heating and foaming treatment at a second preset temperature and for a second preset heating time, so that the metal filler block containing the metal powder and the foaming agent is foamed, shaped and cured.

5. The method for preparing the vibration-damping and energy-absorbing composite plate according to claim 1, characterized in that, The step of alternately layering and filling the metal cavity with metal filler blocks of different metal materials along the thickness direction of the metal cavity further includes: The metal filling blocks of different metal materials are alternately filled into the metal cavity along the length and / or width direction.

6. The method for preparing the vibration-damping and energy-absorbing composite plate according to claim 1, characterized in that, The composite reduction rate during the rolling of the second composite slab blank is 30%-70%.

7. The method for preparing the vibration-damping and energy-absorbing composite plate according to claim 1, characterized in that, The number of alternating layers is 2-50.

8. The method for preparing the vibration-damping and energy-absorbing composite plate according to any one of claims 1-7, characterized in that, The metal cavity is made of stainless steel or carbon structural steel, and the metal cavity is filled with metal filler blocks of any two different metal materials selected from aluminum, stainless steel and titanium in alternating layers.

9. The method for preparing the vibration-damping and energy-absorbing composite plate according to claim 8, characterized in that, When the two types of metal filler blocks are made of aluminum and stainless steel, the first preset temperature range is 280℃-580℃, and the first preset heating time is 2h-4h. When the two types of metal filler blocks are made of stainless steel and titanium, the first preset temperature range is 650℃-950℃, and the first preset heating time is 1h-3h.

10. A vibration-damping and energy-absorbing composite panel, characterized in that, The vibration damping and energy-absorbing composite panel is prepared by the method for preparing the vibration damping and energy-absorbing composite panel as described in any one of claims 1-9, wherein the vibration damping and energy-absorbing composite panel comprises metal layers of different materials that are alternately stacked along the thickness direction. Alternatively, the vibration damping and energy-absorbing composite panel may include multiple metal layers stacked along the thickness direction, each metal layer comprising metal blocks of different materials arranged alternately along the width direction and / or length direction, and adjacent metal blocks in the thickness direction being of different materials.

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