Multi-scene light powder gas coupling collaborative laser metal additive manufacturing equipment

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of laser cladding, in particular to multi-scene light powder gas coupling collaborative laser metal additive manufacturing equipment which comprises a laser assembly used for emitting laser, a nozzle assembly connected to the laser assembly and used for conveying powder and gas and a plurality of powder conveying assemblies used for conveying powder and gas into the nozzle assembly. The feeding pipes in the multiple powder feeding assemblies communicate with the multiple powder feeding pipes in the nozzle assembly in a one-to-one correspondence mode, and through cooperation of the multiple powder feeding assemblies, the multiple powder feeding pipes in the nozzle assembly can convey powder at the same time or convey gas at the same time or jointly convey powder and gas. A plurality of powder feeding pipes are additionally arranged, a gas / powder double-channel conveying pipeline is independently arranged, and a valve control system is combined to accurately adjust the conveying state, so that multiple conveying states of independent powder feeding, independent gas feeding and powder and gas mixing can be realized, and the process requirements of different working conditions can be met; the problems that cost is high and efficiency is low due to the fact that different sprayers need to be switched back and forth are solved.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of laser cladding, in particular to a multi-scene light-powder-gas coupling collaborative laser metal additive manufacturing equipment. BACKGROUND

[0002] At present, in the field of laser cladding, the structure scheme of the nozzle for realizing coaxial coupling of light, powder and gas has been a research focus of the academic and industrial circles. Through the search, it is found that the laser broadband cladding device of patent No. CN106444049A, the laser in-light wire feeding device for laser cladding of patent No. CN105562951A, the laser cladding device of patent No. CN107627002A, the laser cladding device of patent No. CN107217257A and the laser multi-beam cladding device of patent No. CN106583726A all disclose the structure scheme of the nozzle for realizing coaxial coupling of light, powder and gas. However, the technologies disclosed in the above-mentioned published patents still have many limitations. Specifically as follows: 1. The existing nozzle can usually only be applied to laser cladding work in a single scene or working condition, and it is difficult to meet the needs of large-area surface repair or inner cavity surface repair of deep cavity holes (such as keyways of shaft parts). If different scenes or working conditions are to be realized, new nozzles often need to be switched, which not only greatly increases the cost, but also has low nozzle replacement efficiency, seriously affecting the production progress.

[0003] 2. In the existing scheme, the positional relationship between the powder and the gas beam is usually permanently fixed and cannot be switched, lacking the necessary flexibility. When facing special scenes, only special nozzles can be replaced to realize it, for example, when cladding high-oxidizing materials, multiple gas beams are needed to wrap the surface of the cladding layer, but the existing nozzle cannot meet the actual needs and cannot provide multiple gas beams to wrap the surface of the cladding layer, thereby failing to effectively prevent oxidation, resulting in difficulty in ensuring the quality of the cladding layer. SUMMARY

[0004] The present application provides a multi-scene light-powder-gas coupling collaborative laser metal additive manufacturing equipment to solve the problems raised in the background art.

[0005] To solve the above technical problems, the technical scheme adopted by the present application is: The application discloses a multi-scene light-powder-gas coupling and laser metal additive manufacturing equipment, which comprises a laser assembly for emitting laser, a nozzle assembly connected to the laser assembly and used for conveying powder and gas, and a plurality of powder feeding assemblies used for conveying powder and gas into the nozzle assembly.

[0006] Preferably, the powder feeding assembly comprises a gas cylinder used for storing gas, a powder storage tank used for storing powder, a gas conveying pipeline connected to the gas cylinder, a powder conveying pipeline connected to the powder storage tank, a feeding pipe connected to one end of the gas conveying pipeline and the powder conveying pipeline, and valves respectively arranged on the gas conveying pipeline and the powder conveying pipeline, and one end of the feeding pipe is connected to one end of a powder feeding pipe in the nozzle assembly.

[0007] Preferably, a gas conveying connecting pipe is arranged between the gas cylinder and the powder storage tank, and a feeding cover is arranged on the top of the powder storage tank.

[0008] Preferably, the nozzle assembly comprises a laser head connecting plate, a nozzle and a plurality of powder feeding pipes, the nozzle is connected to the laser assembly through the laser head connecting plate, a laser port at the bottom of the nozzle is coaxially arranged with the laser beam emitted by the laser assembly, and the plurality of powder feeding pipes in the nozzle assembly are arranged on the outer side of the nozzle.

[0009] Preferably, the nozzle assembly further comprises a pipeline connecting plate connected to the outer wall of the nozzle, the pipeline connecting plate is an annular plate, and the plurality of powder feeding pipes are uniformly distributed along the circumferential direction of the pipeline connecting plate.

[0010] Preferably, the nozzle assembly further comprises two pipeline connecting plates connected to the outer wall of the nozzle and symmetrically arranged, the pipeline connecting plates are rectangular plates, the plurality of powder feeding pipes are divided into two groups with the same number and arranged on the corresponding pipeline connecting plates, and the two groups of powder feeding pipes are located on the same vertical plane.

[0011] Preferably, the nozzle assembly further comprises a plurality of slide rail plates connected to the outer wall of the nozzle, a slide block respectively and slidably connected in each slide rail plate, and a pipeline connecting plate respectively connected to each slide block, and the plurality of powder feeding pipes are respectively arranged on each pipeline connecting plate.

[0012] Preferably, each slide rail plate is annular, and the plurality of slide rail plates are sequentially and spacedly arranged from top to bottom on the outer wall of the nozzle, and the diameters of the slide rail plates arranged from top to bottom gradually decrease.

[0013] Preferably, each of the sliding blocks is matched with each of the sliding rail plates, and two symmetrically arranged pipeline connecting plates are connected to each of the sliding blocks, and the lengths of the pipeline connecting plates gradually decrease from top to bottom.

[0014] Preferably, the laser assembly comprises a QBH laser head for emitting laser, a collimating mirror for collimating the divergent light beam into a parallel light beam, a reflecting mirror for reflecting the light beam, and a condensing mirror for condensing the light beam, and the laser emitted by the QBH laser head is converged at the inner side of the powder beam and the gas beam after sequentially passing through the collimating mirror, the reflecting mirror and the condensing mirror.

[0015] By adopting the technical scheme, the application has the following beneficial effects: In the application, the powder beam and the gas beam formed in the nozzle assembly are coaxially wrapped with the laser beam by the plurality of powder feeding tubes, and the powder beam and the gas beam can be switched according to the working condition requirements, so that large-area surface repair or deep-cavity hole inner surface repair work can be carried out at the same time, effectively solving the problems of high cost and low efficiency caused by the need to switch different nozzles back and forth in the prior art.

[0016] In the application, by the rotating structure in the nozzle assembly and the mutual switching function of the powder beam and the gas beam, full coverage of the airflow can be realized in the high-oxidation material cladding process, and the anti-oxidation protection effect is completely achieved, avoiding the problems of complex structure and inconvenience of replacement caused by the need to replace the nozzle or the airflow cover structure in the prior art.

[0017] In summary, by adding a plurality of powder feeding tubes and separately arranging the gas / powder dual-channel conveying pipeline, and combining the valve control system to accurately adjust the conveying state, the application can realize a variety of transmission states of powder alone, gas alone, and powder-gas mixture, and can meet the process requirements of different working conditions. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0018] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the first embodiment of the application.

[0019] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the nozzle assembly and the powder feeding assembly of the first embodiment of the application.

[0020] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the bottom view of the nozzle assembly of the first embodiment of the application.

[0021] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the nozzle assembly and the laser assembly of the first embodiment of the application.

[0022] Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the laser assembly of the application.

[0023] Figure 6 The valve switch schematic diagram of the present application.

[0024] Figure 7 The overall structure schematic diagram of the second embodiment of the present application.

[0025] Figure 8 The nozzle assembly and powder feeding assembly structure schematic diagram of the second embodiment of the present application.

[0026] Figure 9 The machining shaft parts schematic diagram of the present application using the second embodiment.

[0027] Figure 10 The nozzle assembly front view (upper position diagram) and bottom view (lower position diagram) structure schematic diagram of the second embodiment of the present application.

[0028] Figure 11 The overall structure schematic diagram of the third embodiment of the present application.

[0029] Figure 12 The nozzle assembly and powder feeding assembly structure schematic diagram of the third embodiment of the present application.

[0030] Figure 13 The slide rail plate structure schematic diagram of the present application.

[0031] Figure 14 The slider structure schematic diagram of the present application.

[0032] Figure 15 The nozzle assembly bottom view structure schematic diagram of the first embodiment of the present application.

[0033] Figure 16 The partial section structure schematic diagram of the third embodiment of the present application.

[0034] Figure 17 The powder feeding pipe transverse arrangement machining schematic diagram of the third embodiment of the present application.

[0035] Figure 18 The powder feeding pipe annular arrangement machining schematic diagram of the third embodiment of the present application.

[0036] In the figure: 1, laser assembly; 11, QBH laser head; 12, collimating mirror; 13, reflecting mirror; 14, condenser; 2, nozzle assembly; 21, laser head connecting plate; 22, nozzle; 23, laser port; 24, powder feeding pipe; 25, pipe connecting plate; 26, slide rail plate; 27, slider; 3, powder feeding assembly; 31, gas cylinder; 32, powder storage tank; 33, gas conveying pipeline; 34, powder conveying pipeline; 35, feeding pipe; 36, valve; 37, gas conveying pipe; 38, feeding cover. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0037] In order to enable a more clear understanding of the above-mentioned objects, features and advantages of the present application, the present application will be further described below with reference to the drawings and embodiments. It should be noted that the embodiments of the present application and the features in the embodiments can be combined with each other without conflict.

[0038] In the following description, a large number of specific details are set forth in order to provide a thorough understanding of the present application, however, the present application can also be implemented in other ways different from those described herein, and therefore, the present application is not limited to the specific embodiments disclosed in the following description. EMBODIMENT

[0039] As shown in Figures 1-18 , the present application provides a multi-scene light-powder-gas coupling collaborative laser metal additive manufacturing equipment, which comprises a laser assembly 1 for emitting laser, a nozzle assembly 2 connected to the laser assembly 1 and used for conveying powder and gas, and a plurality of powder feeding assemblies 3 for conveying powder and gas into the nozzle assembly 2, the feeding pipes 35 in the plurality of powder feeding assemblies 3 correspond one-to-one to a plurality of powder feeding pipes 24 in the nozzle assembly 2, and the cooperation of the plurality of powder feeding assemblies 3 can make the plurality of powder feeding pipes 24 in the nozzle assembly 2 convey powder, convey gas or convey powder and gas at the same time, and the powder beam and the gas beam conveyed by the powder feeding pipe 24 in the nozzle assembly 2 are coaxially wrapped in the laser beam emitted by the laser assembly 1.

[0040] As shown in Figure 2 , Figure 6 , Figure 8 and Figure 12 , further, the powder feeding assembly 3 comprises a gas cylinder 31 for storing gas, a powder storage tank 32 for storing powder, a gas conveying pipeline 33 connected to the gas cylinder 31, a powder conveying pipeline 34 connected to the powder storage tank 32, a feeding pipe 35 connected to one end of the gas conveying pipeline 33 and the powder conveying pipeline 34, and a valve 36 respectively arranged on the gas conveying pipeline 33 and the powder conveying pipeline 34, and one end of the feeding pipe 35 is connected to one end of the powder feeding pipe 24 in the nozzle assembly 2, a gas conveying connecting pipe 37 is arranged between the gas cylinder 31 and the powder storage tank 32, the gas conveying connecting pipe 37 is used for conveying the gas in the gas cylinder 31 into the powder storage tank 32 to realize the conveying of the powder driven by the gas, and a feeding cover 38 is arranged on the top of the powder storage tank 32.

[0041] As further, the powder feeding assembly 3 in the present application can have a shell for forming a closed environment in practical application, and the shell is designed to have good air tightness in the closed state, so that the gas from the gas feeding pipe 37 can drive the powder from the powder storage tank 32 to the powder feeding pipe 24 in the nozzle assembly 2; and during powder feeding, the transmission state of the powder can be adjusted by controlling and adjusting the valve 36 on the powder feeding pipe 34; similarly, the transmission state of the gas can be adjusted by controlling and adjusting the valve 36 on the gas feeding pipe 33.

[0042] In combination Figure 6 As shown, the valve 36 is composed of a handle, a valve core and a valve body. When the handle drives the valve core to close (left side of FIG. 2), Figure 6 , the gas or powder is not transmitted; when the handle drives the valve core to open (right side of FIG. 2), Figure 6 , the gas or powder is transmitted. Specifically, the valve 36 on the gas feeding pipe 33 is used to control the opening and closing of the gas feeding pipe 33, and the valve 36 on the powder feeding pipe 34 is used to control the opening and closing of the powder feeding pipe 34.

[0043] In combination Figure 5 As further shown, the laser assembly 1 includes a QBH laser head 11 for emitting laser, a collimating mirror 12 for collimating the divergent light beam into parallel light beam, a reflecting mirror 13 for reflecting the light beam, and a condensing mirror 14 for condensing the light beam, and the laser emitted by the QBH laser head 11 is sequentially converged at the inner side of the powder beam and the gas beam after passing through the collimating mirror 12, the reflecting mirror 13 and the condensing mirror 14. Among them, the light beam enters the collimating mirror 12 in the collimator mechanism after being input from the QBH laser head 11, and becomes a parallel light beam by refraction; in this way, the horizontal parallel light beam is downward refracted into a vertical parallel light beam after being irradiated on the reflecting mirror 13, and finally, the vertical parallel light beam is converged after passing through the condensing mirror 14, so as to be converged on the substrate after passing through the laser port 23 in the nozzle assembly 2, and at the same time, the laser beam can be used to melt the powder conveyed in the powder feeding pipe 24, to ensure the cladding efficiency.

[0044] It is worth noting that the laser beam technology formed by the laser assembly 1 described above in the present application is a publicly known technology, which is well known and applied by those skilled in the art, and this paper does not make more detailed elaboration.

[0045] Based on the above, in combination Figures 1-6As shown in FIG. 1, as a first embodiment, the nozzle assembly 2 comprises a laser head connecting plate 21, a nozzle 22 and a plurality of powder feeding pipes 24, the nozzle 22 is connected with the laser assembly 1 through the laser head connecting plate 21, a laser port 23 at the bottom of the nozzle 22 is coaxially arranged with the laser beam emitted by the laser assembly 1, and the plurality of powder feeding pipes 24 in the nozzle assembly 2 are all arranged outside the nozzle 22. The nozzle assembly 2 further comprises a pipe connecting plate 25 connected to the outer wall of the nozzle 22, the pipe connecting plate 25 is an annular plate, and the plurality of powder feeding pipes 24 are uniformly distributed along the circumferential direction of the pipe connecting plate 25.

[0046] It is worth noting that the pipe connecting plate 25 in the embodiment can freely switch the number of powder feeding pipes 24 according to the use occasion to meet the application requirements of the processing scene.

[0047] Further, in the embodiment, the powder feeding pipe 24 is provided with six, wherein the six powder feeding pipes 24 are respectively a first pipe, a second pipe, a third pipe, a fourth pipe, a fifth pipe and a sixth pipe which are equally distributed along the circumferential direction of the pipe connecting plate 25; wherein the six powder feeding pipes 24 can switch the transmission state for different working conditions, as follows: For the working condition with high requirement of anti-oxidation, inert gas can be respectively introduced into the second pipe and the fifth pipe to form local protection, and the remaining pipes are normally powder feeding to ensure the requirement of anti-oxidation.

[0048] For the working condition with low requirement of anti-oxidation, all the first pipe to the sixth pipe can be powder feeding to improve the cladding efficiency.

[0049] After the processing is completed, the product still has residual heat, in order to prevent the residual heat from reacting with the outside world, inert gas can be introduced into all the first pipe to the sixth pipe to form local protection.

[0050] For the above switching, combined with Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown in FIG. 1 and FIG. 2, the powder feeding assembly 3 is provided with six, and the six powder feeding assemblies 3 correspond to the six powder feeding pipes 24 respectively; therefore, when for the working condition with high requirement of anti-oxidation, the valves 36 on the powder feeding pipes 34 of the powder feeding assemblies 3 corresponding to the second pipe and the fifth pipe are all in the closed state, and the valves 36 on the gas feeding pipes 33 are all in the open state to realize that inert gas is respectively introduced into the second pipe and the fifth pipe.

[0051] When the working condition has low requirement on oxidation protection, all the valves 36 on the gas conveying pipe 33 of the six powder conveying assemblies 3 can be closed, and the valves 36 on the powder conveying pipe 34 are opened to realize powder conveying in all the six powder conveying pipes 24. When all the valves 36 on the powder conveying pipe 34 of the six powder conveying assemblies 3 are closed, the valves 36 on the gas conveying pipe 33 are opened to realize gas conveying in all the six powder conveying pipes 24 to form local protection. In this embodiment, the powder conveying assemblies 3 and the nozzle assemblies 2 are individually adjusted to realize powder conveying, gas conveying or mixed powder and gas conveying in each powder conveying pipe 24 to meet the different requirements of the working condition.

[0052] It should be noted that when the mixed powder and gas conveying is realized, the valves 36 on the gas conveying pipe 33 and the powder conveying pipe 34 are opened at the same time, and the flow rates are adjusted according to the working condition to realize mixed powder and gas conveying. It should be emphasized that the valves 36 in this embodiment can be flow valves if necessary.

[0053] In combination with Figures 7-10 As a second embodiment, the nozzle assembly 2 further includes two pipe connecting plates 25 connected to the outer wall of the nozzle 22 and symmetrically arranged, the pipe connecting plate 25 is a rectangular plate, and the plurality of powder conveying pipes 24 are divided into two groups with the same number and arranged on the corresponding pipe connecting plate 25, and the two groups of powder conveying pipes 24 are in the same vertical plane.

[0054] The powder conveying pipes 24 in this embodiment are the same as those in the first embodiment, and the number thereof can be freely switched according to the use occasion to meet the application requirements of different processing scenes. In this embodiment, due to the layout of the rectangular plate, the plurality of powder conveying pipes 24 can be sequentially distributed on the rectangular plate to form a horizontally arranged powder conveying pipe group. Therefore, the two symmetrically arranged powder conveying pipe groups can meet the part processing in a narrow space (such as the keyway of a shaft part), as shown in Figure 9 .

[0055] Further, in this embodiment, the powder conveying pipes 24 are provided in six, and every three powder conveying pipes 24 form a group. As shown in Figure 10 , the first pipe, the second pipe and the third pipe form a left side powder conveying pipe group, and the fourth pipe, the fifth pipe and the sixth pipe form a right side powder conveying pipe group. The six powder conveying pipes 24 can switch the conveying state according to different working conditions, as follows: For the working condition with high requirement on oxidation protection, the third pipe and the sixth pipe are used to convey inert gas to form local protection, and the remaining pipes are used to convey powder normally to ensure the requirement on oxidation protection.

[0056] For the working condition with low requirement on oxidation protection, all the first pipe to the sixth pipe are used to convey powder to improve the cladding efficiency.

[0057] For the product still has residual heat after processing, in order to prevent the residual heat from reacting with the outside world, all of the first to sixth pipes can be connected to inert gas to form local protection.

[0058] In the embodiment, the powder feeding pipe 24 in the nozzle assembly 2 is individually adjusted to meet the machining of parts in a narrow space, such as the keyway of a shaft, and better meet the machining requirements of special occasions.

[0059] In combination with Figures 11-18 As a third embodiment, the nozzle assembly 2 further includes a plurality of slide rail plates 26 connected to the outer wall of the nozzle 22, a plurality of sliding blocks 27 respectively connected to each of the slide rail plates 26, and a plurality of pipeline connecting plates 25 respectively connected to each of the sliding blocks 27, and a plurality of powder feeding pipes 24 are respectively installed on each of the pipeline connecting plates 25. Each of the slide rail plates 26 has a ring shape, and the plurality of slide rail plates 26 are sequentially and spacedly arranged from top to bottom on the outer wall of the nozzle 22, and the diameters of the slide rail plates 26 arranged from top to bottom gradually decrease. Each of the sliding blocks 27 is matched with each of the slide rail plates 26, and two symmetrically arranged pipeline connecting plates 25 are respectively connected to each of the sliding blocks 27, and the lengths of the pipeline connecting plates 25 arranged from top to bottom gradually decrease.

[0060] In the embodiment, the connection of the slide rail plates 26 and the sliding blocks 27 can facilitate the adjustment of the arrangement of the plurality of powder feeding pipes 24 to meet the use requirements of users. It is worth noting that the connection mode of the slide rail plates 26 and the sliding blocks 27 can be referred to Figure 16 The enlarged schematic view of the position of the middle circle shows that the upper and lower surfaces of the sliding block 27 in the form of a circular ring are respectively provided with a limiting ring plate, and the limiting ring plate is adapted to the inner groove of the slide rail plate 26, so as to ensure the stability of the sliding block 27.

[0061] Further, in the embodiment, three slide rail plates 26 and three sliding blocks 27 are respectively provided, and six powder feeding pipes 24 are commonly arranged on the three sliding blocks 27. The six powder feeding pipes 24 can switch the state of the powder feeding pipe 24 according to different working conditions, and the specific measures are as follows: In combination with Figure 17 For parts with narrow machining space, the plurality of powder feeding pipes 24 are arranged in a horizontal manner, and the specific measure is to rotate the three sliding blocks 27 to the same horizontal line.

[0062] In combination with Figure 18 For parts with not narrow machining space, the plurality of powder feeding pipes 24 are arranged in a ring shape, and the specific measure is to rotate the three sliding blocks 27 by a certain angle.

[0063] In the embodiment, the 360° rotation of each powder feeding pipe 24 can be realized through the connection of the sliding rail plate 26 and the sliding block 27, so as to meet the needs of the user for conveniently adjusting the arrangement mode of the powder feeding pipe 24 and better adapt to various processing scenes.

[0064] As a further, when Figure 17 and Figure 18 The two arranged powder feeding pipes 24 can be switched in the transmission state in the manner of the first embodiment or the second embodiment in use for the working condition with high anti-oxidation requirement, or for the working condition with low anti-oxidation requirement, or for the condition that the product still has residual heat after processing.

[0065] In summary, the powder beam and the gas beam formed in the nozzle assembly 2 are coaxially wrapped with the laser beam by the plurality of powder feeding pipes 24, and the powder beam and the gas beam can be switched according to the working condition requirement, so that the large-area surface repair or the inner cavity surface repair of the deep cavity hole can be carried out at the same time, and the problems of high cost and low efficiency caused by the need for different nozzles to switch back and forth in the existing scheme are effectively solved. At the same time, relying on the cooperation of the rotating structure (i.e. the sliding rail plate 26 and the sliding block 27) in the nozzle assembly 2 and the mutual switching function of the powder beam and the gas beam, the full coverage of the airflow in the high-oxidation material cladding process can be realized, and the anti-oxidation protection effect is completely achieved, avoiding the problems of complex structure and inconvenience of replacement caused by the need to replace the nozzle or the airflow cover structure in the existing scheme.

[0066] Further, the present application adds a plurality of powder feeding pipes 24 and separately sets up gas / powder dual-channel conveying pipelines, and can realize the transmission states of separately conveying powder, separately conveying gas, and mixed powder and gas, which can meet the process requirements of different working conditions.

[0067] It should be noted that, as shown in Figures 1 to 18 The red arrow in the figure represents the powder conveying direction, the green arrow represents the gas conveying direction, and the blue arrow represents the laser direction.

[0068] It is worth emphasizing that the present application aims to protect the physical architecture, and does not protect the system control class, so it does not make too much elaboration. Although the system control class information is not elaborated in detail in the present application, those skilled in the art can use the physical architecture proposed in the present scheme in combination with the professional knowledge in the art, and achieve the desired effect.

[0069] In this invention, the term "a plurality of" refers to two or more unless otherwise expressly defined. The term "and / or" as used herein includes any and all combinations of one or more of the associated listed items. The terms "installed," "connected," "linked," "fixed," etc., should be interpreted broadly. For example, "connected" can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; "linked" can be a direct connection or an indirect connection via an intermediate medium. Those skilled in the art will understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this invention according to the specific circumstances.

[0070] It should be noted that when a component is referred to as being "assembled on," "mounted on," "fixed to," or "set on" another component, it can be directly on the other component or there may be an intermediate component. When a component is considered to be "connected to" another component, it can be directly connected to the other component or there may be an intermediate component present. The terms "vertical," "horizontal," "upper," "lower," "left," "right," and similar expressions used herein are for illustrative purposes only and do not represent the only possible implementation.

[0071] In the description of this specification, the terms "one embodiment," "some embodiments," "specific embodiment," etc., refer to a specific feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with that embodiment or example, which is included in at least one embodiment or example of the present invention. In this specification, the illustrative expressions of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in one or more embodiments or examples.

[0072] Although embodiments of the invention have been shown and described, those skilled in the art will understand that various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined by the claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1.A multi-scenario light-powder air-coupling synergic laser metal additive manufacturing equipment, characterized in that, The laser assembly (1) is used for emitting laser, the nozzle assembly (2) is connected to the laser assembly (1) and is used for conveying powder and gas, and a plurality of powder feeding assemblies (3) are used for conveying powder and gas into the nozzle assembly (2), the feeding pipe (35) of the powder feeding assembly (3) is communicated with the powder feeding pipe (24) in the nozzle assembly (2) one by one, and the cooperation of the powder feeding assemblies (3) can make the powder feeding pipes (24) in the nozzle assembly (2) convey powder, convey gas or convey powder and gas at the same time, and the powder beam and the gas beam conveyed by the powder feeding pipe (24) in the nozzle assembly (2) are coaxially wrapped in the laser beam emitted by the laser assembly (1). 2.The multi-scene light-powder air-coupling and laser metal additive manufacturing equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that, The powder feeding assembly (3) comprises a gas cylinder (31) used for storing gas, a powder storage tank (32) used for storing powder, a gas conveying pipeline (33) connected to the gas cylinder (31), a powder conveying pipeline (34) connected to the powder storage tank (32), a feeding pipe (35) connected to one end of the gas conveying pipeline (33) and the powder conveying pipeline (34), and valves (36) respectively arranged on the gas conveying pipeline (33) and the powder conveying pipeline (34), and one end of the feeding pipe (35) is connected to one end of the powder feeding pipe (24) in the nozzle assembly (2). 3.The multi-scene light-powder air-coupling and laser metal additive manufacturing equipment according to claim 2, characterized in that, The gas cylinder (31) and the powder storage tank (32) are provided with a gas conveying connecting pipe (37), and the top of the powder storage tank (32) is provided with a charging cover (38). 4.The multi-scene light-powder air-coupling synergic laser metal additive manufacturing equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that, The nozzle assembly (2) comprises a laser head connecting plate (21), a nozzle (22) and a plurality of powder feeding pipes (24), the nozzle (22) is connected to the laser assembly (1) through the laser head connecting plate (21), the laser port (23) at the bottom of the nozzle (22) is coaxially arranged with the laser beam emitted by the laser assembly (1), and the plurality of powder feeding pipes (24) in the nozzle assembly (2) are arranged outside the nozzle (22). 5.The multi-scene light-powder air-coupling and laser metal additive manufacturing equipment according to claim 4, characterized in that, The nozzle assembly (2) further comprises a pipeline connecting plate (25) connected to the outer wall of the nozzle (22), the pipeline connecting plate (25) is an annular plate, and the plurality of powder feeding pipes (24) are uniformly distributed along the circumferential direction of the pipeline connecting plate (25). 6.The multi-scene light-powder air-coupling and laser metal additive manufacturing equipment according to claim 4, characterized in that, The nozzle assembly (2) further comprises two pipeline connecting plates (25) connected to the outer wall of the nozzle (22) and arranged symmetrically, the pipeline connecting plate (25) is a rectangular plate, the plurality of powder feeding pipes (24) are divided into two groups with the same number, and are arranged on the corresponding pipeline connecting plates (25), and the two groups of powder feeding pipes (24) are in the same vertical plane. 7.The multi-scene light-powder air-coupled synergic laser metal additive manufacturing equipment according to claim 4, characterized in that, The nozzle assembly (2) further comprises a plurality of slide rail plates (26) connected to the outer wall of the nozzle (22), a slide block (27) slidingly connected in each slide rail plate (26), and a pipeline connecting plate (25) connected to each slide block (27), and the plurality of powder feeding pipes (24) are respectively arranged on each pipeline connecting plate (25). 8.The multi-scene light-powder air-coupling and laser metal additive manufacturing equipment according to claim 7, characterized in that, Each of the slide rail plates (26) is annular, and a plurality of the slide rail plates (26) are arranged in sequence and spaced apart from top to bottom on the outer wall of the nozzle (22), and the diameters of the slide rail plates (26) arranged from top to bottom gradually decrease. 9.The multi-scene light-powder air-coupling and laser metal additive manufacturing equipment according to claim 8, characterized in that, Each of the sliders (27) is matched with each of the slide rail plates (26), and two symmetrically arranged pipeline connecting plates (25) are connected to each of the sliders (27), and the lengths of the pipeline connecting plates (25) arranged from top to bottom gradually decrease. 10.The multi-scene light-powder air-coupling synergic laser metal additive manufacturing equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that, The laser assembly (1) comprises a QBH laser head (11) for emitting laser, a collimating mirror (12) for collimating divergent light beams into parallel light beams, a reflecting mirror (13) for reflecting light beams, and a condensing mirror (14) for condensing light beams, and the laser emitted by the QBH laser head (11) passes through the collimating mirror (12), the reflecting mirror (13) and the condensing mirror (14) in sequence and converges at the inner side of the powder beam and the gas beam.

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