Antistatic antibacterial seaweed carbon-based sponge and preparation method thereof

Abstract

The invention discloses an antistatic antibacterial seaweed carbon-based sponge and a preparation method thereof, and belongs to the technical field of sponge materials, graphene is deposited on the surface of seaweed carbon to obtain graphene / seaweed carbon, gel with antibacterial performance is loaded on the surface of the graphene / seaweed carbon, and a functional complex with a core-shell structure is cross-linked in the gel structure to obtain the antistatic antibacterial seaweed carbon-based sponge. The gel can be endowed with excellent strength, so that the gel has good, stable and long-term photocatalytic property, and can cooperate with the seaweed carbon to exert antibacterial property and avoid bacterium breeding; the functional complex has good photocatalysis and can cooperate with the antibacterial property of the seaweed carbon and avoid bacterium breeding, the gel has pH responsiveness, when the pH value is increased due to increase of skin sweat, the gel swells, the absorption of the fabric to sweat is enhanced, and stuffiness, stickiness and greasiness are avoided; when the skin is dry and the gel shrinks, the dry and comfortable touch feeling of the fabric is kept, and small defects existing in graphene and seaweed carbon can be effectively overcome through the water absorption swelling effect of the gel.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The application belongs to the technical field of sponge materials, and particularly relates to an antistatic and antibacterial seaweed carbon-based sponge and a preparation method thereof. BACKGROUND

[0002] Sponge is a kind of porous material with good water absorption and can be used for cleaning articles. The sponge commonly used by people is made of wood cellulose fiber or foamed plastic polymer. In addition, there are natural sponges made of sponges, and most of the natural sponges are used for body cleaning or painting. In addition, there are three types of synthetic sponges made of other materials, which are low-density polyether (non-water-absorbing sponge), polyvinyl alcohol (high water-absorbing material without obvious pores) and polyester. The existing industrial sponge has poor environmental protection performance, flame retardance and antistatic performance.

[0003] The Chinese patent application with the publication number CN105670190A discloses a mildew-proof sponge material and a preparation method thereof. In the scheme, the mildew-proof sponge material is prepared by using polyvinyl alcohol aqueous solution as the main raw material and adding triphenylethyl phenol polyoxyethylene ether, sodium alginate, sorbitol fatty alcohol ester, glutaraldehyde, polyvinyl butyral, sodium dipyvalyl sulfosuccinate, sodium bicarbonate, sodium silicate, azobisdimethyl isobutyronitrile and carbon black. The prepared mildew-proof sponge material has good mechanical strength and resilience and also has good mildew-proof and antibacterial effects. However, the physical mixing of the antibacterial substances cannot effectively play a long-term role. SUMMARY

[0004] The application aims to provide an antistatic and antibacterial seaweed carbon-based sponge and a preparation method thereof. Graphene is deposited on the surface of seaweed carbon to obtain graphene / seaweed carbon, and a gel with antibacterial performance is loaded on the surface. The functional complex with a core-shell structure is crosslinked in the gel structure, which can further endow the gel with excellent strength, good, stable and long-term photocatalytic properties, and can cooperate with seaweed carbon to play antibacterial properties and avoid the breeding of bacteria.

[0005] The application can be achieved by the following technical scheme. A preparation method of an antistatic and antibacterial seaweed carbon-based sponge, comprising the following steps. Step one: dry seaweed into seaweed powder, sieve the seaweed powder to obtain pretreated seaweed powder, and calcine the pretreated seaweed powder under nitrogen to obtain seaweed carbon.

[0006] Step two: obtain modified graphene by nucleophilic substitution of the carboxyl group of graphene with the amino group of gamma-aminopropyl triethoxysilane, and then bond the modified graphene with seaweed carbon after hydrolysis in an ethanol solution to obtain graphene / seaweed carbon.

[0007] Step three: hydrothermal coordination of 4-vinylbenzoic acid as ligand and titanium tetrachloride to obtain a functional complex, and then surface polymerization of a gel containing the functional complex on a graphene / algal carbon carrier to obtain an antistatic and antibacterial algal carbon-based sponge.

[0008] Further, the specific preparation steps of the algal carbon are as follows: The seaweed is dried to obtain seaweed powder, which is sieved to a fineness of 100-120 meshes using a vibrating sieve machine, and dried in a forced air drying oven at 105-110 DEG C for 24-26 h to obtain pretreated seaweed powder. The pretreated seaweed powder is placed in a reaction kettle, nitrogen gas is introduced at a flow rate of 160-170 cm / min for 30-40 min, and heated to 500-520 DEG C at a rate of 5-7 DEG C / min for 1-2 h, and then naturally cooled to obtain algal carbon.

[0009] Further, the specific preparation steps of the modified graphene are as follows: The graphene and ethanol are added to the reaction kettle, stirred at 20-25 DEG C and 500-600 r / min for 10-20 min under a nitrogen atmosphere, then N,N-diisopropylethylamine and O-benzotriazole-tetramethyl urea hexafluorophosphate are added and stirred for 3-5 min, then gamma-aminopropyl triethoxysilane is added and the reaction is continued for 1-2 h, the product is filtered, washed with ethanol and isopropyl alcohol 2-3 times respectively, and vacuum dried at 60-80 DEG C for 1-2 h to obtain modified graphene.

[0010] Further, the use amount ratio of graphene, ethanol, N,N-diisopropylethylamine, O-benzotriazole-tetramethyl urea hexafluorophosphate and gamma-aminopropyl triethoxysilane is 20-30 g:1-2 L:0.125-0.15 g:0.1-0.5 g:15-20 mL.

[0011] Further, the specific preparation steps of the graphene / algal carbon are as follows: The modified graphene and an ethanol solution with a mass fraction of 50-55% are added to the reaction kettle, stirred at 20-25 DEG C and 500-600 r / min for 10-20 min, the pH value is adjusted to 3-4 with hydrochloric acid, then the algal carbon is added and the reaction is continued for 2-3 h, the product is filtered, washed with anhydrous ethanol and deionized water 2-4 times respectively, and vacuum dried at 60-70 DEG C for 1-2 h to obtain graphene / algal carbon.

[0012] Further, the use amount ratio of modified graphene, ethanol solution and algal carbon is 22-25 g:800-900 mL:12-15 g.

[0013] Further, the specific preparation steps of the functional complex are as follows: The 4-vinylbenzoic acid, the vinyl POSS and the N,N-dimethylformamide solution are added into a polytetrafluoroethylene lining autoclave, stirring is carried out at 20-25 DEG C and 500-600 r / min for 30-40 min, then the titanium tetrachloride is added, heating is carried out to 120-130 DEG C, the reaction is continuously carried out for 24-26 h, natural cooling is carried out to room temperature, filtration is carried out, the filter cake is washed with a methanol solution and deionized water respectively for 2-4 times, vacuum drying is carried out at 60-70 DEG C for 1-2 h, and the functional complex is obtained.

[0014] Further, the 4-vinylbenzoic acid, the vinyl POSS, the N,N-dimethylformamide solution and the titanium tetrachloride are used in a ratio of 15-20 g:10-12 g:200-300 mL:10-12 g.

[0015] Further, the specific preparation steps of the antistatic antibacterial type seaweed carbon-based sponge are as follows: The graphene / seaweed carbon, the hydroxypropyl acrylate, the ethylene glycol methyl ether are added into a reaction kettle, stirring is carried out at 70-80 DEG C and 500-600 r / min for 10-20 min, the initiator azobisisobutyronitrile and the functional complex are added under a nitrogen atmosphere, stirring is continuously carried out for 20-30 min, then the acrylic acid is added, stirring is continuously carried out for 2-3 h, the polyethyleneimine is further added, stirring is continuously carried out for 20-30 min, filtration is carried out, the product is washed with anhydrous ethanol and deionized water respectively for 2-3 times, vacuum drying is carried out at 60-80 DEG C for 1-2 h, and the antistatic antibacterial type seaweed carbon-based sponge is obtained.

[0016] Further, the graphene / seaweed carbon, the hydroxypropyl acrylate, the ethylene glycol methyl ether, the azobisisobutyronitrile, the functional complex, the acrylic acid and the polyethyleneimine are used in a ratio of 10-12 g:3.2-3.4 g:40-42 mL:0.1-0.2 g:1-2 g:7-8 g:3-4 mL.

[0017] The beneficial effects of the application are as follows: 1.The antistatic antibacterial type seaweed carbon-based sponge prepared by the application has good antibacterial and antistatic properties, good, stable and long-term photocatalytic properties, and can avoid the breeding of bacteria when applied in fabrics.

[0018] 2.The antistatic antibacterial type seaweed carbon-based sponge of the application is obtained by depositing graphene on the surface of seaweed carbon to obtain graphene / seaweed carbon, and then taking the graphene / seaweed carbon as a carrier and loading a gel structure made of hydroxypropyl acrylate, ethylene glycol methyl ether, functional complex, acrylic acid and polyethyleneimine on the surface of the graphene / seaweed carbon, and the functional complex with a core-shell structure is crosslinked in the gel structure, which can further endow the gel with excellent strength, the sheet structure of graphene can increase the overall strength of seaweed carbon and increase the service life, and graphene can endow the overall material with antistatic property.

[0019] 3. The functional complex of the present application has a core-shell structure, with the functional complex as the shell layer and the vinyl POSS as the core layer. The vinyl groups in the structure can act as initiation sites and participate in the crosslinking of the gel, thereby increasing the strength and stability of the gel. The functional complex has good photocatalytic properties and can synergize with the antibacterial properties of the seaweed charcoal to prevent the growth of bacteria. The gel has pH responsiveness. When the local pH value increases due to increased skin sweat, the gel swells, the porosity increases, the absorption and evaporation efficiency of the fabric for sweat is enhanced, and the stuffiness and stickiness are avoided. When the skin is dry and the pH value returns to weak acidity, the gel shrinks, the fabric remains dry and comfortable, the cool discomfort caused by excessive water absorption is reduced, and the water absorption and swelling of the gel can effectively fill the small defects in the graphene and seaweed charcoal. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0020] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be clearly and completely described below in combination with the embodiments of the present application. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present application, rather than all the embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the present application, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative labor fall within the scope of protection of the present application.

[0021] Embodiment 1: A preparation method of an antistatic and antibacterial seaweed charcoal-based sponge, comprising the following steps: S1: Dry seaweed to obtain seaweed powder, screen the seaweed powder to a fineness of 100 meshes using a vibrating screen machine, dry the seaweed powder in a forced air drying oven at 105℃ for 24h to obtain pretreated seaweed powder, place the pretreated seaweed powder in a reaction kettle, pass nitrogen gas into the reaction kettle at a flow rate of 160cm / min for 30min, heat the reaction kettle to 500℃ at a rate of 5℃ / min and maintain the temperature for 1h, and then naturally cool the reaction kettle to obtain seaweed charcoal.

[0022] S2: Add 20g of graphene and 1L of ethanol into a reaction kettle, stir under the conditions of nitrogen atmosphere, 20℃ and 500r / min for 10min, then add 0.125g of N,N-diisopropylethylamine and 0.1g of O-benzotriazol-tetramethyluronium hexafluorophosphate and continue to stir for 3min, then add 15mL of γ-aminopropyltriethoxysilane and continue to stir for 1h, filter, and then wash the product with ethanol and isopropyl alcohol for 2 times respectively, and then vacuum dry the product at 60℃ for 1h to obtain modified graphene.

[0023] S3: Add 22g of modified graphene and 800mL of an ethanol solution with a mass fraction of 50% into a reaction kettle, stir under the conditions of 20℃ and 500r / min for 10min, adjust the pH value to 3 with hydrochloric acid, then add 12g of seaweed charcoal, continue to stir for 2h, filter, and then wash the product with anhydrous ethanol and deionized water for 2 times respectively, and then vacuum dry the product at 60℃ for 1h to obtain graphene / seaweed charcoal.

[0024] S4: 15 g of 4-vinylbenzoic acid, 10 g of vinyl POSS and 200 mL of N,N-dimethylformamide solution were added into a polytetrafluoroethylene lined autoclave, stirred at 20 °C and 500 r / min for 30 min, then 10 g of titanium tetrachloride was added, heated to 120 °C, and the reaction was continued for 24 h, and then naturally cooled to room temperature, filtered, and the filter cake was washed with methanol solution and deionized water for 2 times respectively, and vacuum dried at 60 °C for 1 h to obtain a functional complex.

[0025] S5: 10 g of graphene / kelp charcoal, 3.2 g of hydroxypropyl acrylate, 40 mL of ethylene glycol methyl ether were added into a reaction kettle, stirred at 70 °C and 500 r / min for 10 min, and then 0.1 g of initiator azobisisobutyronitrile and 1 g of functional complex were added under nitrogen atmosphere, and the stirring was continued for 20 min, then 7 g of acrylic acid was added, and the stirring was continued for 2 h, and then 3 mL of polyethyleneimine was added, and the stirring was continued for 20 min, and then the product was filtered, and washed with anhydrous ethanol and deionized water for 2 times respectively, and vacuum dried at 60 °C for 1 h to obtain an antistatic and antibacterial kelp charcoal-based sponge.

[0026] Example 2: A preparation method of an antistatic and antibacterial kelp charcoal-based sponge, comprising the following steps: S1: The seaweed was dried to obtain seaweed powder, which was sieved to a fineness of 110 mesh using a vibrating sieve machine, and dried in a forced air drying oven at 107.5 °C for 25 h to obtain pretreated seaweed powder, which was placed in a reaction kettle, nitrogen was introduced at a flow rate of 165 cm / min for 35 min, and heated to 510 °C at a rate of 6 °C / min and kept for 1.5 h, and then naturally cooled to obtain kelp charcoal.

[0027] S2: 25 g of graphene and 1.5 L of ethanol were added into a reaction kettle, stirred at 22.5 °C and 550 r / min for 15 min under nitrogen atmosphere, then 0.1375 g of N,N-diisopropylethylamine and 0.3 g of O-benzotriazole-tetramethyluronium hexafluorophosphate were added and stirred for 4 min, then 17.5 mL of γ-aminopropyltriethoxysilane was added, and the stirring was continued for 1.5 h, and then the product was filtered and washed with ethanol and isopropanol for 2.5 times respectively, and vacuum dried at 70 °C for 1.5 h to obtain modified graphene.

[0028] S3: 23.5 g of modified graphene and 850 mL of an ethanol solution with a mass fraction of 52.5% were added into a reaction kettle, stirred at 22.5 °C and 550 r / min for 15 min, and then the pH value was adjusted to 3.5 with hydrochloric acid, and then 13.5 g of kelp charcoal was added, and the stirring was continued for 2.5 h, and then the product was filtered and washed with anhydrous ethanol and deionized water for 3 times respectively, and vacuum dried at 65 °C for 1.5 h to obtain graphene / kelp charcoal.

[0029] S4: A solution of 17.5 g 4-vinylbenzoic acid, 11 g vinyl POSS and 250 mL N,N- dimethylformamide was added to a polytetrafluoroethylene lined autoclave, stirred at 22.5 °C and 550 r / min for 35 min, then 11 g titanium tetrachloride was added, heated to 125 °C, and the reaction was continued for 25 h, and then naturally cooled to room temperature, filtered, and the filter cake was washed with methanol solution and deionized water for 3 times respectively, and vacuum dried at 65 °C for 1.5 h to obtain a functional complex.

[0030] S5: 11 g graphene / seaweed charcoal, 3.3 g hydroxypropyl acrylate, 41 mL ethylene glycol methyl ether were added to a reaction kettle, stirred at 75 °C and 550 r / min for 15 min, under nitrogen atmosphere, then 0.15 g initiator azobisisobutyronitrile and 1.5 g functional complex were added, and the stirring was continued for 25 min, then 7.5 g acrylic acid was added, and the stirring was continued for 2.5 h, then 3.5 mL polyethyleneimine was added, and the stirring was continued for 25 min, then the product was filtered, and the product was washed with anhydrous ethanol and deionized water for 2.5 times respectively, and vacuum dried at 70 °C for 1.5 h to obtain an antistatic and antibacterial type seaweed charcoal based sponge.

[0031] Example 3: A preparation method of an antistatic and antibacterial type seaweed charcoal based sponge, comprising the following steps: S1: The seaweed was dried to obtain seaweed powder, which was sieved to a fineness of 120 mesh using a vibrating sieve machine, and dried in a forced air drying oven at 110 °C for 26 h to obtain pretreated seaweed powder, which was placed in a reaction kettle, nitrogen was introduced at a flow rate of 170 cm / min for 40 min, and heated to 520 °C at a rate of 7 °C / min and kept for 2 h, and then naturally cooled to obtain seaweed charcoal.

[0032] S2: 30 g graphene and 2 L ethanol were added to a reaction kettle, stirred at 25 °C and 600 r / min for 20 min under a nitrogen atmosphere, then 0.15 g N,N-diisopropylethylamine and 0.5 g O-benzotriazol- tetramethyluronium hexafluorophosphate were added and stirred for 5 min, then 20 mL γ- aminopropyltriethoxysilane was added and the stirring was continued for 2 h, then the product was filtered, and the product was washed with ethanol and isopropanol for 3 times respectively, and vacuum dried at 80 °C for 2 h to obtain modified graphene.

[0033] S3: 25 g modified graphene and 900 mL 55% mass fraction ethanol solution were added to a reaction kettle, stirred at 25 °C and 600 r / min for 20 min, and then the pH value was adjusted to 4 with hydrochloric acid, then 15 g seaweed charcoal was added and the stirring was continued for 3 h, then the product was filtered, and the product was washed with anhydrous ethanol and deionized water for 4 times respectively, and vacuum dried at 70 °C for 2 h to obtain graphene / seaweed charcoal.

[0034] S4: 20 g of 4-vinylbenzoic acid, 12 g of vinyl POSS and 300 mL of N,N-dimethylformamide solution were added into a polytetrafluoroethylene-lined autoclave, stirred at 25°C and 600 r / min for 40 min, then 12 g of titanium tetrachloride was added, heated to 130°C, and the reaction was continued for 26 h, and then naturally cooled to room temperature. The filter cake was washed with a methanol solution and deionized water for 4 times respectively, and vacuum dried at 70°C for 2 h to obtain a functional complex.

[0035] S5: 12 g of graphene / kelp charcoal, 3.4 g of hydroxypropyl acrylate, 42 mL of ethylene glycol methyl ether were added into a reaction kettle, stirred at 80°C and 600 r / min for 20 min, and then 0.2 g of initiator azobisisobutyronitrile and 2 g of functional complex were added under a nitrogen atmosphere, and the stirring was continued for 30 min, then 8 g of acrylic acid was added, and the stirring was continued for 3 h, and then 4 mL of polyethyleneimine was added, and the stirring was continued for 30 min. The product was washed with anhydrous ethanol and deionized water for 3 times respectively, and vacuum dried at 80°C for 2 h to obtain an antistatic and antibacterial kelp charcoal-based sponge.

[0036] Comparative Example 1: On the basis of Example 3, the modified graphene in step S3 was replaced by the raw material graphene in step S2.

[0037] Comparative Example 2: On the basis of Example 3, the vinyl POSS in step S4 was omitted.

[0038] Comparative Example 3: On the basis of Example 3, the functional complex in step S5 was replaced by the vinyl POSS in step S4.

[0039] The antistatic and antibacterial kelp charcoal-based sponge obtained in Examples 1-3 and Comparative Examples 1-3 was tested for performance, and the mechanical properties, air permeability, antibacterial properties and yellowing resistance of the antistatic and antibacterial kelp charcoal-based sponge were determined according to GB / T6344-2008, GB / T6670-1997, GB / T10808-2006, ASTMD3574, GB / T31402-2015 and HG-T 3689-2014 respectively, and the results are shown in Table 1: Table 1 Performance test table of antistatic and antibacterial kelp charcoal-based sponge Item Example 1 Example 2 Example 3 Comparative Example 1 Comparative Example 2 Comparative Example 3 Tensile strength (KPa) 63.2 64.1 64.5 50.3 44.8 55.6 Elongation at break (%) 178.2 179.3 80.1 152.6 141.5 161.8 Bacteriostatic rate (%) 91.2 92.2 92.8 85.4 77.8 61.2 Yellowing resistance grade 5 5 5 5 5 3 As can be seen from Table 1, the tensile strength, elongation at break, antibacterial rate and yellowing resistance of the antistatic and antibacterial kelp charcoal-based sponge obtained in Examples 1-3 are significantly better than those of the comparative examples, indicating that the antistatic and antibacterial kelp charcoal-based sponge prepared by the present application has good antibacterial and antistatic properties, good, stable and long-term photocatalytic properties, and can avoid the growth of bacteria when applied to fabrics.

[0040] Comparative Example 1: On the basis of Example 3, the modified graphene in step S3 is replaced by the raw material graphene in step S2. In the original scheme, the modified graphene in step S2 is modified by γ-aminopropyltriethoxysilane, and the amino group of the silane coupling agent forms a chemical bond with the carboxyl group on the surface of the seaweed carbon, improving the interfacial bonding force between the graphene and the seaweed carbon, while avoiding graphene aggregation and ensuring structural integrity. The raw material graphene has no surface modification, is prone to aggregation, and only has physical contact with the seaweed carbon, resulting in internal structural faults in the sponge, a decrease in tensile strength, a decrease in elongation at break, and a significant reduction in service life. Graphene aggregation blocks the porous channels of seaweed carbon, reducing air permeability, and poor interfacial bonding leads to uneven pore structure.

[0041] Comparative Example 2: On the basis of Example 3, the vinyl POSS in step S4 is removed, and the overall strength of the sponge is severely degraded. In the original scheme, the functional complex has a core-shell structure, and the vinyl group of the vinyl POSS can act as an initiation site to form strong cross-linking bonds with gel raw materials such as acrylic acid and hydroxypropyl acrylate, improving the stability of the gel structure. Without the core layer support, the functional complex cannot participate in gel cross-linking after the removal of vinyl POSS, and only weak adsorption of the functional complex can bind to the gel, resulting in a decrease in tensile strength and elongation at break. Incomplete gel cross-linking leads to loose pore structure, and while the loose structure increases air permeability, the low strength does not meet the long-term application requirements. The incomplete structure of the functional complex leads to unstable loading of the functional complex, which is prone to falling off the gel surface, losing the photocatalytic auxiliary antibacterial effect, and reducing the inhibition rate, making it difficult to effectively inhibit bacterial growth.

[0042] Comparative Example 3: On the basis of Example 3, the functional complex in step S5 is replaced by the vinyl POSS in step S4. In the original scheme, the shell layer of the functional complex is the key to antibacterial performance, and the photocatalytic performance of the functional complex can destroy bacterial cell membranes, assisting seaweed carbon in achieving efficient antibacterial performance. After being replaced by pure vinyl POSS, there is no functional complex component, the inhibition rate decreases, and it cannot meet the demand for resisting bacterial growth, which can easily lead to bacterial adhesion and blockage of the pores on the surface of the sponge, resulting in a loss of adsorption capacity. Although vinyl POSS contains vinyl groups that can participate in cross-linking, it has no functional complex shell layer, and the gel cross-linking density is lower than that of the original scheme, resulting in a decrease in tensile strength and elongation at break, and easy deformation during long-term use.

[0043] Although embodiments of the present application have been shown and described, it will be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made thereto without departing from the principles and spirit of the present application.

Claims

1. A method for preparing an antistatic and antibacterial seaweed-based carbon sponge, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: Step 1: Dry the seaweed into seaweed powder, sieve it to obtain pretreated seaweed powder, calcine the pretreated seaweed powder under nitrogen to obtain seaweed char. Step 2: Modified graphene is obtained by nucleophilic substitution of the carboxyl group of graphene with the amino group of γ-aminopropyltriethoxysilane. After hydrolysis in ethanol solution, it is bonded with seaweed char to obtain graphene / seaweed char. Step 3: Using 4-vinylbenzoic acid as a ligand, titanium tetrachloride is hydrothermally coordinated to obtain a functionalized complex. Then, a gel containing the functionalized complex is polymerized on the surface of graphene / algae carbon as a carrier to obtain an antistatic and antibacterial algae carbon-based sponge.

2. The method for preparing an antistatic and antibacterial seaweed-based carbon sponge according to claim 1, characterized in that, The specific preparation steps for the seaweed charcoal are as follows: Seaweed is dried to make seaweed powder, which is then sieved to a fineness of 100-120 mesh using a vibrating sieve. The powder is then dried in a forced-air drying oven at 105-110℃ for 24-26 hours to obtain pretreated seaweed powder. The pretreated seaweed powder is placed in a reaction vessel, and nitrogen gas is introduced at a flow rate of 160-170 cm / min for 30-40 minutes. The mixture is then heated to 500-520℃ at a rate of 5-7℃ / min and held at that temperature for 1-2 hours. After natural cooling, seaweed char is obtained.

3. The method for preparing an antistatic and antibacterial seaweed-based carbon sponge according to claim 1, characterized in that, The specific preparation steps for the modified graphene are as follows: Graphene and ethanol were added to a reaction vessel and stirred for 10-20 min under a nitrogen atmosphere, at 20-25 °C and 500-600 r / min. Then, N,N-diisopropylethylamine and O-benzotriazole-tetramethylurea hexafluorophosphate were added and the mixture was stirred for another 3-5 min. γ-aminopropyltriethoxysilane was then added and the mixture was stirred for another 1-2 h. The mixture was filtered, and the product was washed 2-3 times with ethanol and isopropanol, respectively. The product was then dried under vacuum at 60-80 °C for 1-2 h to obtain modified graphene.

4. The method for preparing an antistatic and antibacterial seaweed-based carbon sponge according to claim 3, characterized in that, The ratio of graphene, ethanol, N,N-diisopropylethylamine, O-benzotriazole-tetramethylurea hexafluorophosphate and γ-aminopropyltriethoxysilane is 20-30g: 1-2L: 0.125-0.15g: 0.1-0.5g: 15-20mL.

5. The method for preparing an antistatic and antibacterial seaweed-based carbon sponge according to claim 1, characterized in that, The specific preparation steps for the graphene / algae char are as follows: Modified graphene and a 50-55% ethanol solution were added to a reaction vessel and stirred for 10-20 minutes at 20-25°C and 500-600 r / min. The pH was adjusted to 3-4 with hydrochloric acid, and then seaweed char was added. The reaction was continued for 2-3 hours. The mixture was filtered, and the product was washed 2-4 times with anhydrous ethanol and deionized water, respectively. The product was then vacuum dried at 60-70°C for 1-2 hours to obtain graphene / seaweed char.

6. The method for preparing an antistatic and antibacterial seaweed-based carbon sponge according to claim 5, characterized in that, The ratio of modified graphene, ethanol solution and seaweed charcoal is 22-25g: 800-900mL: 12-15g.

7. The method for preparing an antistatic and antibacterial seaweed-based carbon sponge according to claim 1, characterized in that, The specific preparation steps of the functionalized complex are as follows: A solution of 4-vinylbenzoic acid, vinyl POSS, and N,N-dimethylformamide was added to a polytetrafluoroethylene-lined autoclave and stirred for 30-40 min at 20-25℃ and 500-600 r / min. Then titanium tetrachloride was added, and the mixture was heated to 120-130℃ and reacted for 24-26 h. The mixture was then allowed to cool naturally to room temperature, filtered, and the filter cake was washed 2-4 times with methanol solution and deionized water, respectively. The mixture was then dried under vacuum at 60-70℃ for 1-2 h to obtain the functionalized complex. The ratio of 4-vinylbenzoic acid, vinyl POSS, N,N-dimethylformamide solution and titanium tetrachloride is 15-20g: 10-12g: 200-300mL: 10-12g.

8. The method for preparing an antistatic and antibacterial seaweed-based carbon sponge according to claim 1, characterized in that, The specific preparation steps for the antistatic and antibacterial seaweed carbon-based sponge are as follows: Graphene / algae carbon, hydroxypropyl acrylate, and ethylene glycol methyl ether were added to a reaction vessel and stirred for 10-20 min at 70-80℃ and 500-600 r / min. Under a nitrogen atmosphere, the initiator azobisisobutyronitrile and the functionalized complex were added, and stirring was continued for 20-30 min. Then, acrylic acid was added, and stirring was continued for 2-3 h. Polyethyleneimine was then added, and stirring was continued for 20-30 min. The mixture was filtered, and the product was washed 2-3 times with anhydrous ethanol and deionized water, respectively. The product was then vacuum dried at 60-80℃ for 1-2 h to obtain an antistatic and antibacterial algae carbon-based sponge.

9. The method for preparing an antistatic and antibacterial seaweed-based carbon sponge according to claim 8, characterized in that, The ratio of graphene / seaweed charcoal, hydroxypropyl acrylate, ethylene glycol methyl ether, azobisisobutyronitrile, functionalized complex, acrylic acid, and polyethyleneimine is 10-12g: 3.2-3.4g: 40-42mL: 0.1-0.2g: 1-2g: 7-8g: 3-4mL.

10. An antistatic and antibacterial seaweed-based carbon sponge, characterized in that, It is prepared by the preparation method described in any one of claims 1-9.