Dedusting flocculant, preparation method thereof and dedusting method in explosive welding construction process

Abstract

The invention discloses a dedusting flocculant, a preparation method thereof and a dedusting method in an explosive welding construction process, and relates to the technical field of environmental protection and dedusting. The dedusting flocculant is prepared from the following raw materials in percentage by volume: 3 to 7 percent of liquid polyaluminum chloride, 0.08 to 0.12 percent of polyacrylamide solution, 0.8 to 1.2 percent of sodium silicate solution and the balance of water. Meanwhile, the invention further discloses a dust removal method adopting the dust removal flocculant in the explosive welding construction process. The preparation method of the flocculant provided by the invention is simple, all the components are sequentially added under a medium-temperature stirring condition, and the preparation method is simple and easy to operate. Besides, assistance of other electric and movable equipment is not needed, detonating cords or waterproof explosives commonly used in explosion operation are adopted in the fogging mode, the fogging mode is more reliable, the detonating cords are detonated before each time of explosive welding in a millisecond detonating mode, a flocculating agent is promoted to form a dust removal water mist area above an explosion area, dust sedimentation is accelerated by forming large particles, and the dust removal efficiency is improved. The dust removal efficiency can be obviously improved, and the explosive welding detonation frequency is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of environmental protection and dust removal technology, specifically to a dust removal flocculant and its preparation method, and a dust removal method for the explosive welding construction process. Background Technology

[0002] Explosive welding is a method for preparing metal composite materials by using the detonation energy of explosives to drive high-speed impacts on metal plates, thereby achieving a high-strength bond at the interface. Currently, explosive welding is mostly carried out on sites with soft soil foundations. Therefore, a large amount of dust is generated at the moment of the explosion, which takes 20-30 minutes to dissipate naturally in a windless environment. The dust raised can be inhaled by workers on site, affecting their health; on the other hand, excessive dust can settle on the surface of unworked metal materials. If not cleaned, some dust will be trapped at the welding interface of the composite metal plates, affecting the subsequent mechanical properties of the material. Currently, the common approach is to clean the materials in advance for each construction phase or to bring the substrates in batches to avoid the impact of dust on material processing, but this significantly reduces construction efficiency. Therefore, how to solve the dust problem under explosive welding and other explosive operation conditions is a major challenge for similar foundations.

[0003] Currently, mechanical methods are mostly used for large-scale industrial dust removal. For example, Chinese patent CN119819041A discloses a dust removal and environmental protection equipment. This equipment uses an induced draft fan as its core and relies on a built-in mesh membrane for smoke and dust removal. When the amount of pollutant reaches a certain level, the position of the supporting frame changes under the operation of the impeller. Through the extension and retraction of the linkage column, the section of the mesh membrane that is not adhered to the pollutant reaches the position facing the smoke, thereby improving the efficiency of smoke and dust removal.

[0004] For example, Chinese patent CN120132522A discloses a spray dust suppression device for preventing air pollution at construction sites, including a steam turbine, a spray pump, a solar collector, and a boiler. In use, when the pressure inside the boiler exceeds the rated value, steam enters the accumulator tank through a back pressure valve. The high-pressure steam accumulated in the accumulator tank is then introduced into the steam turbine to drive its operation. During the operation of the steam turbine, the spray pump and compressor fan rotate, thereby releasing airflow through the steam turbine to spray mist outwards.

[0005] However, the aforementioned equipment has significant limitations when used under explosive construction conditions. This is because, firstly, the dust generated instantaneously during explosive construction is substantial, and using moving equipment for dust removal would place high demands on the equipment's dust removal efficiency, easily leading to internal blockages and failure. Secondly, explosive construction is intermittent, with dust-generating periods accounting for only 5-10% of the entire construction cycle. Therefore, continuously operating moving equipment would be in a state of low efficiency for extended periods, resulting in significant consumption and waste of equipment and electrical energy. Summary of the Invention

[0006] This invention provides a dust removal flocculant and its preparation method, as well as a dust removal method for the explosive welding process, aiming to solve the problems of low instantaneous dust removal efficiency and short effective service life of dynamic equipment in existing dust removal technologies.

[0007] To achieve the above-mentioned technical objectives, the present invention mainly adopts the following technical solutions:

[0008] In a first aspect, the present invention discloses a dust removal flocculant, which, by volume percentage, comprises the following raw materials: 3-7% liquid polyaluminum chloride, 0.08-0.12% polyacrylamide solution, 0.8-1.2% sodium silicate solution, and the balance being water.

[0009] Preferably, the water has no special requirements; regular tap water, well water, etc., are all acceptable.

[0010] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the raw materials include: 3-7% liquid polyaluminum chloride, 0.1% polyacrylamide solution, 1% sodium silicate solution, and the balance being water.

[0011] Preferably, the concentration of the polyacrylamide solution is 0.08-0.12%, and the concentration of the sodium silicate solution is 0.8-1.2%.

[0012] In a second aspect, the present invention discloses a method for preparing a dust removal flocculant as described in the first aspect, comprising the following steps:

[0013] Step 1: Heat the water, and under stirring conditions, slowly add PAC into the water and continue stirring until it is completely dissolved to obtain the dust removal agent base liquid;

[0014] Step 2: Add sodium silicate solution to the dust collector base liquid, maintain water temperature and stir continuously to obtain a stable compound system;

[0015] Step 3: Slowly add the polyacrylamide solution to the compounded stable system, stir, and allow it to cool naturally for later use.

[0016] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, in step 1, the water is heated to 60°C and kept at a constant temperature, and stirred at a stirring speed of 200-500 r / min; in step 2, the stirring is continued for no less than 30 min; and in step 3, the stirring is maintained at a stirring speed of 100 r / min for 20 min.

[0017] Thirdly, the present invention discloses the application of a dust-removing flocculant as described in the first aspect in dust removal during explosive welding.

[0018] Fourthly, this invention discloses a dust removal method for the explosive welding process, which uses a dust-removing flocculant as described in the first aspect, and includes the following steps:

[0019] (1) Place the wedge-shaped liquid-holding tank around the explosive welding plate, and fill the wedge-shaped liquid-holding tank with dust removal flocculant;

[0020] (2) The detonating cord is laid at the bottom of the wedge-shaped liquid tank to detonate and blow up the built-in dust removal flocculant to form a water mist dust removal area.

[0021] (3) By using micro-delay detonation, the detonating cord or explosive at the bottom of the wedge-shaped liquid tank is detonated in advance before the explosive welding explosive is detonated, forming water mist;

[0022] (4) After the detonating cord at the bottom of the wedge-shaped liquid tank is detonated, the dust removal flocculant is sprayed into the air above the explosion zone and forms a water mist zone in the explosion zone. The dust removal flocculant droplets in the water mist and the dust generated by the detonation of the explosive welding charge form large particles through electrostatic adsorption and accelerate sedimentation. After 1 to 2 minutes, all the flocculant droplets will fall to the ground, thus achieving dust removal.

[0023] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the opening angle α of the wedge-shaped liquid-containing tank is 35-50°, the tank depth H is 100-150mm, the closest distance between the wedge-shaped liquid-containing tank and the explosive welding device is 2-3m, and the liquid level height h of the wedge-shaped liquid-containing tank is related to the diagonal length L of the explosion zone, where L = 0.2he 10-L Where L is in meters and h is in millimeters.

[0024] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, in step (2), the detonating cord is a condensed state waterproof explosive with a detonation velocity of 5000-7000 m / s; preferably, the detonating cord is a RDX high water-resistant detonating cord.

[0025] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, in step (3), the time difference ΔT between the detonating cord at the bottom of the wedge-shaped liquid tank and the explosive detonation is related to the explosive detonation velocity and the diagonal length L of the explosion zone. Among them, V D The detonation velocity of the explosive is taken as 4000-6000 m / s, and α is the safety factor, taken as 1.1-1.2.

[0026] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0027] (1) Simple operation method: The flocculant preparation method provided by this invention is simple. Each component is added sequentially under medium-temperature stirring conditions. Both medium temperature and stirring are conventional industrial solvent preparation techniques, which are simple and easy to operate. In addition, this invention does not require other electrical or power equipment, and the misting method uses detonating cord or waterproof explosives commonly used in explosion operations, which is more reliable.

[0028] (2) Low processing cost: The flocculant of this invention is more than 90% ordinary water, eliminating the need for purified water and deionized water. Other components are all readily available and used in small quantities. The detonating cord or waterproof explosive is a conventional and inexpensive blasting material, resulting in low material costs. In addition, the wedge-shaped liquid container is a reusable device with no other losses.

[0029] (3) Outstanding technological advantages: This invention is designed for the periodic and short-term explosion dust characteristics of explosive welding. Before each detonation, the detonating cord and flocculant are injected. The detonating cord is detonated by micro-delay detonation before each explosive welding to cause the flocculant to form a dust removal water mist zone above the explosion zone. By forming large particles, the dust settling is accelerated, which can significantly improve the dust removal efficiency and increase the detonation frequency of explosive welding. Attached Figure Description

[0030] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure during dust removal in the explosive welding construction process of the present invention, which includes: 1-explosive welding plate, 2-explosion-affected zone, and 3-wedge-shaped liquid tank.

[0031] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the wedge-shaped liquid-collecting tank after it has been filled with liquid in the dust removal method of the explosive welding construction process of the present invention, which includes: 3-wedge-shaped liquid-collecting tank, 4-flocculated liquid, 5-detonating cord;

[0032] Figure 3 These are comparison images of the dust removal effect during the explosive welding process of this invention and the conventional explosive welding process; where (a) is the scene after 30 seconds of conventional explosive welding, and (b) is the scene after 30 seconds of the dust removal method during explosive welding. Detailed Implementation

[0033] Embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below. Examples of these embodiments are shown in the accompanying drawings, wherein the same or similar reference numerals denote the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar functions throughout. The embodiments described below with reference to the accompanying drawings are exemplary and are only used to explain the present invention, and should not be construed as limiting the present invention.

[0034] Example 1: Preparation of Dust Removal Flocculant

[0035] First, prepare the dust collector base solution. Heat 1000ml of water to a constant temperature of 60℃. While stirring at a speed of 200-500 rpm, slowly add 50ml of liquid PAC to the water, continuing to stir until completely dissolved. There are no special requirements for the water; ordinary tap water, well water, etc., are all acceptable.

[0036] Then, while maintaining a water temperature of 60°C and a stirring speed of 200–500 r / min, add 10 ml of a 0.8–1.2% sodium silicate solution to the dust collector base liquid and continue stirring for at least 30 minutes.

[0037] Then slowly add 1 ml of 0.1% polyacrylamide aqueous solution to the above solution, and maintain stirring at 100 r / min for 20 min. After stirring is complete, let it cool naturally for later use.

[0038] Example 2: Dust removal during explosive welding process

[0039] (1) Place the wedge-shaped liquid-collecting tank around the explosive welding plate, and fill the wedge-shaped liquid-collecting tank with dust-removing flocculant, such as... Figure 1 , Figure 2 As shown; the wedge-shaped liquid-holding tank has an opening angle α = 40° and a tank depth H = 100 mm. The closest distance between the wedge-shaped liquid-holding tank and the explosive welding device is 2-3 m.

[0040] (2) Lay the detonating cord at the bottom of the wedge-shaped liquid container, such as... Figure 2 As shown, it is used to detonate the built-in dust-removing flocculant to form a water mist dust removal zone after detonation;

[0041] In this embodiment, the detonating cord is selected as RDX high water-resistant detonating cord, but other condensed water-resistant explosives can also be used, with a detonation velocity of 5000-7000 m / s.

[0042] The liquid level height h in the wedge-shaped liquid tank is related to the diagonal length L of the explosion zone, where L = 0.2he 10-L Where L is in meters and h is in millimeters.

[0043] (3) By using a micro-delay initiation method, the detonating cord or explosive at the bottom of the wedge-shaped liquid tank is detonated in advance before the explosive welding explosive is detonated, forming a water mist; wherein, the time difference ΔT between the detonating cord and the explosive at the bottom of the wedge-shaped liquid tank is related to the explosive detonation velocity and the diagonal length L of the explosion zone. Among them, V D The detonation velocity of the explosive is taken as 4000-6000 m / s, and α is the safety factor, taken as 1.1-1.2.

[0044] (4) After the detonating cord at the bottom of the wedge-shaped liquid tank is detonated, the dust removal flocculant is sprayed into the air above the explosion zone and forms a water mist zone in the explosion zone. The dust removal flocculant droplets in the water mist and the dust generated by the detonation of the explosive welding charge form large particles through electrostatic adsorption and accelerate sedimentation. After 1 to 2 minutes, all the flocculant droplets will fall to the ground, thus achieving dust removal.

[0045] Application Example 3: Dust Removal Effect in Explosive Welding Construction Process

[0046] In an actual titanium / steel explosive welding operation, the dust-removing flocculant shown in Example 1 was used to eliminate and control the fumes caused by the explosive welding. The diagonal length of the explosion zone was designed to be 20 meters. Based on the conditions of the explosion zone, a wedge-shaped liquid tank with a liquid level of 100mm and an opening angle α of 40° was selected. The detonation time difference ΔT was 20ms after the explosive welding explosive was detonated. The fumes and dust effects 30 seconds after the completion of the explosive welding were as follows. Figure 3 As shown, there was no significant smoke or dust in the atmosphere, meeting the requirements for construction machinery and workers to enter the site, and the dust removal effect was good. Compared with the site after 30 seconds of conventional explosive welding, the dust and smoke were significantly reduced, allowing workers to quickly enter the site to start the next construction cycle, greatly improving the efficiency of explosive welding construction.

[0047] The above embodiments are specific implementations of the present invention and provide a further detailed description. However, they should not be construed as limiting the scope of the invention to these embodiments. For those skilled in the art, various improvements can be made without departing from the inventive concept, and all such improvements fall within the protection scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of this patent should be determined by the appended claims.

Claims

1. A dust removal flocculant, characterized in that, The raw materials, calculated by volume percentage, include: 3-7% liquid polyaluminum chloride, 0.08-0.12% polyacrylamide solution, 0.8-1.2% sodium silicate solution, and the balance being water.

2. The dust-removing flocculant according to claim 1, characterized in that, The raw materials include: 3-7% liquid polyaluminum chloride, 0.1% polyacrylamide solution, 1% sodium silicate solution, and the balance being water.

3. The dust-removing flocculant according to claim 1, characterized in that, The concentration of the polyacrylamide solution is 0.08-0.12%, and the concentration of the sodium silicate solution is 0.8-1.2%.

4. The method for preparing the dust removal flocculant as described in claim 1 or 2, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: Step 1: Heat the water, and under stirring conditions, slowly add PAC into the water and continue stirring until it is completely dissolved to obtain the dust removal agent base liquid; Step 2: Add sodium silicate solution to the dust collector base liquid, maintain water temperature and stir continuously to obtain a stable compound system; Step 3: Slowly add the polyacrylamide solution to the compounded stable system, stir, and allow it to cool naturally for later use.

5. The method for preparing the dust removal flocculant according to claim 3, characterized in that, In step 1, the water is heated to a constant temperature of 60°C and stirred at a stirring speed of 200-500 r / min. In step 2, the stirring is continued for no less than 30 minutes. In step 3, the stirring is maintained at a stirring speed of 100 r / min for 20 minutes.

6. The application of the dust-removing flocculant as described in claim 1 or 2 in dust removal during explosive welding.

7. A dust removal method for explosive welding construction process, characterized in that, Dust removal using the dust-removing flocculant as described in claim 1 or 2 includes the following steps: (1) Place the wedge-shaped liquid-holding tank around the explosive welding plate, and fill the wedge-shaped liquid-holding tank with dust removal flocculant; (2) The detonating cord is laid at the bottom of the wedge-shaped liquid tank to detonate and blow up the built-in dust removal flocculant to form a water mist dust removal area. (3) By using micro-delay detonation, the detonating cord or explosive at the bottom of the wedge-shaped liquid tank is detonated in advance before the explosive welding explosive is detonated, forming water mist; (4) After the detonating cord at the bottom of the wedge-shaped liquid tank is detonated, the dust removal flocculant is sprayed into the air above the explosion zone and forms a water mist zone in the explosion zone. The dust removal flocculant droplets in the water mist and the dust generated by the detonation of the explosive welding charge form large particles through electrostatic adsorption and accelerate sedimentation. After 1 to 2 minutes, all the flocculant droplets will fall to the ground, thus achieving dust removal.

8. The dust removal method according to claim 7, characterized in that, The wedge-shaped liquid-holding tank has an opening angle α of 35–50° and a tank depth H of 100–150°. The closest distance between the wedge-shaped liquid-holding tank and the explosive welding device is 2–3 m. The liquid level height h in the wedge-shaped liquid-holding tank is related to the diagonal length L of the explosion zone, where L = 0.2he. 10-L Where L is in meters and h is in millimeters.

9. The dust removal method according to claim 7, characterized in that, In step (2), the detonating cord is a condensed waterproof explosive with a detonation velocity of 5000-7000 m / s.

10. The dust removal method according to claim 7, characterized in that, In step (3), the time difference ΔT between the detonating cord at the bottom of the wedge-shaped liquid tank and the explosive detonation is related to the explosive detonation velocity and the diagonal length L of the explosion zone. Among them, V D The detonation velocity of the explosive is taken as 4000-6000 m / s, and α is the safety factor, taken as 1.1-1.2.

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