Recombined bamboo assembly type ballastless track structure and construction method thereof
By using a track slab and base limiting structure made of bamboo strips and adhesives, the problems of high steel reinforcement, heavy weight and poor elasticity in prefabricated ballastless track structures are solved, achieving a lightweight, easy-to-install and easy-to-maintain high-efficiency vibration reduction effect.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202511243640.X
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Applications(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2025-09-02
- Publication Date
- 2025-11-21
AI Technical Summary
Existing prefabricated ballastless track structures have high steel reinforcement in the track slabs, are heavy, and have poor elasticity, which leads to high construction difficulty, difficult maintenance, and easy to cause environmental vibration and noise. Elastic elements are prone to fatigue and aging and are difficult to replace.
The track slab is made of bamboo fibers and adhesives and connected to the base through a limiting structure to form a reconstituted bamboo prefabricated ballastless track structure. This reduces the need for steel reinforcement, improves the elasticity and tensile and compressive strength of the track slab, and enhances connection stability.
It reduces the weight and construction difficulty of the track slab, improves the elasticity and vibration reduction effect of the track slab, extends the service life of the track structure, facilitates maintenance and replacement, and reduces installation and construction costs.
Smart Images
Figure CN120989949A_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] This application relates to the field of railway sleepers, and in particular to a reconstituted bamboo prefabricated ballastless track structure and its construction method. Background Technology
[0002] Prefabricated ballastless track combines traditional track construction with prefabricated technology, using precast track slabs and bases for on-site assembly and laying. This achieves high-precision track laying, improves track smoothness, simplifies construction processes, enables high-efficiency construction, reduces construction difficulty, and facilitates later maintenance and management, thus reducing operation and maintenance complexity.
[0003] Currently, prefabricated ballastless tracks are constructed by pouring concrete to form individual components, which are then assembled and laid on-site. However, once the ballastless track structure is built, its permanent deformation is strictly limited, making maintenance relatively difficult. It also places high demands on the underlying foundation, making remediation and repair challenging. Furthermore, all-concrete ballastless tracks have poor overall elasticity, potentially leading to strong environmental vibrations, noise, and track vibrations, which can easily damage the underlying foundation. Adding elastic elements between the structures would compromise the integrity of the prefabricated ballastless track after construction, and these elastic elements (such as rubber) are prone to fatigue and aging under environmental and track vibrations, and are difficult to replace within the ballastless track structure. Summary of the Invention
[0004] In view of the shortcomings of the aforementioned related technologies, this application provides a reconstituted bamboo prefabricated ballastless track structure and its construction method. This application uses bamboo fibers and adhesives to form track slabs, which are then assembled with a base to form a ballastless track structure. This reduces the amount of steel reinforcement required for the track slabs, lowers their weight, and facilitates control over the construction accuracy during installation. Furthermore, it improves the elasticity of the track slabs, enhances the vibration damping effect of the ballastless track structure, and extends its lifespan.
[0005] Firstly, the technical solution for the reconstituted bamboo prefabricated ballastless track structure provided in this application is as follows: A reconstituted bamboo prefabricated ballastless track structure includes a base, a track plate connected to the base, and a limiting structure for restricting the direction of movement between the base and the track plate. A space is reserved between the track plate and the base for casting an adjustment layer. The track plate is made of bamboo fibers and adhesive.
[0006] Preferably, the limiting structure includes a protrusion on one of the base and the track plate and a groove on the other.
[0007] Preferably, the groove is disposed on the base, the protrusion is disposed on the track plate, and the inner wall of the groove is provided with an arc-shaped protrusion.
[0008] Preferably, the protrusion includes a transverse tenon and a longitudinal tenon that are intersecting each other.
[0009] By adopting the above solution, on the one hand, the protrusions of the track slab made of bamboo strips and adhesive will undergo elastic deformation due to the compression of the arc-shaped protrusions when inserted into the groove, thereby smoothly inserting into the groove while increasing the friction between the track slab and the base, thus improving the stability of the connection between the track slab and the base; on the other hand, the cooperation between the transverse tenon and the longitudinal tenon and the groove restricts the relative movement of the track slab with respect to the base on the plane of the track, further improving the stability of the connection between the track slab and the base.
[0010] Preferably, the bamboo strips in the transverse tenon are laid along the length direction of the transverse tenon, and the bamboo strips in the longitudinal tenon are laid along the length direction of the longitudinal tenon.
[0011] By adopting the above scheme, the direction of bamboo strip reinforcement of the transverse tenon intersects with the direction of bamboo strip reinforcement of the longitudinal tenon, which improves the bending and tensile strength of the protrusion in all directions and further improves the stability of the connection between the track plate and the base.
[0012] Preferably, the adhesive includes one or more of urea-formaldehyde resin adhesive, phenolic resin adhesive, and epoxy resin adhesive.
[0013] Preferably, the bamboo filaments are made from one or more bamboo materials selected from the following: bamboo grove, bamboo stalk, carbonized bamboo grove, and carbonized bamboo stalk.
[0014] Preferably, the base has a pre-embedded bolt sleeve, the track plate has pre-drilled bolt holes, and the base and the track plate are fixedly connected by bolts.
[0015] Preferably, the track slab has pre-drilled grouting holes for casting an adjustment layer between the track slab and the base.
[0016] Secondly, the construction method for a reconstituted bamboo prefabricated ballastless track structure provided in this application adopts the following technical solution: A construction method for a reconstituted bamboo prefabricated ballastless track structure includes the following steps: alkali soaking, steaming, loosening, and drying bamboo to obtain bamboo filaments; soaking the bamboo filaments in an adhesive and then drying them to obtain glue-impregnated bamboo filaments; arranging the glue-impregnated bamboo filaments and placing them in a track slab mold for hot pressing to obtain a track slab for later use; pouring a base at the designed location; moving the track slab to the designed location on the base and installing it on the base; installing the adjustment layer template and pouring concrete; and finally installing the track on the track slab.
[0017] In summary, this application includes at least one of the following beneficial technical effects: 1. This application uses bamboo strips and adhesives to make track slabs, and assembles the track slabs and bases to form a ballastless track structure. This reduces the steel reinforcement configuration of the track slabs, replaces high-density concrete, and reduces the weight of the track slabs. It also overcomes the disadvantages of concrete structures being heavy and difficult to transport during maintenance, and is beneficial for controlling the construction accuracy of the track slabs during installation and for replacing the track slabs during maintenance.
[0018] 2. This application uses bamboo filaments and adhesives to make track slabs, and assembles the track slabs and bases to form a ballastless track structure. This improves the elasticity of the track slabs that are in direct contact with the track. On the one hand, it increases the service life of the track slabs themselves. On the other hand, the track slabs act as a buffer between the base and the track, improving the vibration reduction effect of the ballastless track structure and extending its service life.
[0019] 3. This application uses bamboo fibers and adhesives to make track slabs, which reduces the weight of the track slabs while increasing their tensile and compressive strength, making them easy to repair and replace, facilitating construction and installation, and reducing installation and construction costs. Attached Figure Description
[0020] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of Embodiment 1 of this application; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the track slab structure of Embodiment 1 of this application; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the base structure of Embodiment 1 of this application; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the track slab structure of Embodiment 2 of this application; Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the structure of the arc-shaped protrusion and the limiting protrusion in Embodiment 2 of this application. Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the track slab structure of Embodiment 3 of this application; Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the base structure of Embodiment 3 of this application.
[0021] Reference numerals: 1. Base; 2. Track plate; 3. Limiting structure; 31. Protrusion; 311. Transverse tenon; 312. Longitudinal tenon; 32. Groove; 4. Grouting hole; 5. Connecting bolt; 6. Bolt hole; 7. Bottom groove; 8. Bolt sleeve; 9. Arc-shaped protrusion; 10. Limiting protrusion. Detailed Implementation
[0022] The present application will be further described in detail below with reference to the embodiments. The following embodiments are for illustrative purposes only and should not be considered as limiting the scope of the invention. Unless otherwise specified, specific conditions in the following embodiments were performed under conventional conditions or conditions recommended by the manufacturer. Unless otherwise specified, the methods used are conventional methods known in the art, and the consumables and reagents used are commercially available. Unless otherwise stated, the technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as those familiar to those skilled in the art. Furthermore, any methods or materials similar to or equivalent to those described herein may also be applied to the present invention.
[0023] The raw materials used in the examples and comparative examples are all commercially available.
[0024] Example 1 Embodiment 1 of this application provides a reconstituted bamboo prefabricated ballastless track structure, referring to... Figure 1 A reconstituted bamboo prefabricated ballastless track structure includes a base 1, a track plate 2 connected to the base 1, and a limiting structure 3 for restricting the relative movement of the base 1 and the track plate 2. A space is reserved between the track plate 2 and the base 1 for pouring an adjustment layer. The length direction of the track plate 2 is the width direction of the track to be installed, and the width direction is the length direction of the track to be installed. Bolt sleeves 8 are reserved at all four corners of the base 1 near the track plate 2, and bolt holes 6 are reserved at corresponding locations on the track plate 2. The track plate 2 and the base 1 are fixed by connecting bolts 5 passing through the bolt holes 6 and threadedly connected to the bolt sleeves 8. A grouting hole 4 is reserved in the middle of the track plate 2 to facilitate the pouring of the adjustment layer.
[0025] Reference Figure 2 and Figure 3 In embodiment 2, the limiting structure 3 consists of a protrusion 31 on the base 1 and a groove 32 on the track plate 2. Two protrusions 31 are provided, located at opposite ends of the base 1 along its length. The two protrusions 31 are columnar and their adjacent sides are arc-shaped. The groove 32 is inserted into and fitted with the protrusions 31. Furthermore, to improve the connection between the track plate 2 and the subsequently poured adjustment layer, multiple bottom grooves 7 are arrayed on the bottom surface of the track plate 2 near the base 1. The cross-sectional shape of the bottom grooves 7 can be square, rectangular, rhomboid, or triangular, etc.; in this embodiment, it is square.
[0026] Specifically, in this embodiment, the track plate 2 is 5.8m long, 2.5m wide, and 0.25m thick; the groove 32 is 0.5m deep and 0.8m wide; the bottom groove 7 is 0.2m long and 0.05m deep; the bamboo material is moso bamboo; and the adhesive is epoxy resin adhesive.
[0027] The implementation principle of a reconstituted bamboo prefabricated ballastless track structure in Embodiment 1 of this application is as follows: bamboo is alkali-soaked, steamed, loosened, and dried to obtain bamboo filaments. The bamboo filaments are then soaked in an adhesive and dried to obtain glue-impregnated bamboo filaments. The glue-impregnated bamboo filaments are arranged and placed in a track plate 2 mold and hot-pressed to obtain track plate 2 for later use. A base 1 is poured at the designed position. The track plate 2 is moved to the designed position on the base 1. The groove 32 and the protrusion 31 are aligned. The track plate 2 and the base 1 are fixed by threading the connecting bolts 5 through the bolt holes 6 and the bolt sleeves 8. An adjustment layer template is installed and concrete is poured to form an adjustment layer. Finally, the track is installed on the track plate 2.
[0028] Example 2 Embodiment 2 of this application provides a reconstituted bamboo prefabricated ballastless track structure. The difference between Embodiment 2 and Embodiment 1 is that: (Referring to...) Figure 4 and Figure 5 The limiting structure 3 consists of a protrusion 31 on the track plate 2 and a groove 32 on the base 1. The protrusion 31 consists of two transverse tenons 311 and a longitudinal tenon 312 connected perpendicularly to each other. The longitudinal tenon 312 is located between the two transverse tenons 311. The length direction of the transverse tenons 311 is along the width direction of the track plate 2. The groove 32 is fitted into the protrusion 31. To further improve the friction between the track plate 2 and the base 1, an arc-shaped protrusion 9 is provided on the inner wall of the groove 32, and a limiting protrusion 10 is provided on the outer wall of the transverse tenons 311 and the longitudinal tenon 312. When the track plate 2 is installed on the base 1, the limiting protrusion 10 and the arc-shaped protrusion 9 are aligned, and the limiting protrusion 10 and the arc-shaped protrusion 9 press against each other, causing the limiting protrusion 10 to deform, thereby improving the friction between the track plate 2 and the base 1. Furthermore, in order to improve the bearing capacity of the track slab 2 against the transverse and longitudinal stresses, the bamboo strips in the transverse tenon 311 are laid along the length direction of the transverse tenon 311, and the bamboo strips in the longitudinal tenon 312 are laid along the length direction of the longitudinal tenon 312.
[0029] The implementation principle of a reconstituted bamboo prefabricated ballastless track structure in Embodiment 2 of this application is as follows: bamboo is alkali-soaked, steamed, loosened, and dried to obtain bamboo filaments. The bamboo filaments are then soaked in an adhesive and dried to obtain glue-impregnated bamboo filaments. The glue-impregnated bamboo filaments are arranged and placed in a track plate 2 mold and hot-pressed to obtain track plate 2 for later use. The base 1 is poured at the designed position, and the track plate 2 is moved to the designed position on the base 1. The transverse tenon 311 and the longitudinal tenon 312 are aligned with the groove 32, and a vertical load is applied downward. The pad is hammered until the arc-shaped protrusion 9 is aligned with the limiting protrusion 10. The track plate 2 and the base 1 are fixed by threading the connecting bolts 5 through the bolt holes 6 and the bolt sleeves 8. The adjustment layer template is installed and concrete is poured to form the adjustment layer. Finally, the track is installed on the track plate 2.
[0030] Example 3 Embodiment 3 of this application provides a reconstituted bamboo prefabricated ballastless track structure. Embodiment 3 differs from Embodiment 1 in that: (Referring to...) Figure 6 and Figure 7 In embodiment 3, the limiting structure 3 consists of a protrusion 31 on the track plate 2 and a groove 32 on the base 1. Two protrusions 31 are provided, symmetrically distributed along the length of the track plate 2 in the middle of the track plate 2. The two protrusions 31 are frustum-shaped, and the groove 32 is inserted into and fitted with the protrusions 31. In this embodiment, the protrusion 31 is a quadrangular frustum; in other embodiments, the protrusion 31 can also be a triangular frustum, a pentagonal frustum, etc.
[0031] The implementation principle of a reconstituted bamboo prefabricated ballastless track structure in Embodiment 3 of this application is as follows: bamboo is alkali-soaked, steamed, loosened, and dried to obtain bamboo filaments. The bamboo filaments are then soaked in an adhesive and dried to obtain glue-impregnated bamboo filaments. The glue-impregnated bamboo filaments are arranged and placed in a track plate 2 mold and hot-pressed to obtain track plate 2 for later use. A base 1 is poured at the designed position. The track plate 2 is moved to the designed position on the base 1. The groove 32 is aligned with the truncated pyramid. The track plate 2 and the base 1 are fixed by threading the connecting bolts 5 through the bolt holes 6 and the bolt sleeves 8. An adjustment layer template is installed and concrete is poured to form an adjustment layer. Finally, the track is installed on the track plate 2.
[0032] Example 4 Embodiment 4 of this application provides a construction method for a reconstituted bamboo prefabricated ballastless track structure, including the following steps: Bamboo is alkali-soaked, steamed, loosened, and dried to obtain bamboo filaments; the bamboo filaments are soaked in an adhesive and then dried to obtain glue-impregnated bamboo filaments; the glue-impregnated bamboo filaments are arranged and placed in a track plate 2 mold and hot-pressed to obtain track plate 2 for later use; a base 1 is poured at the designed position; the track plate 2 is moved to the designed position on the base 1; the groove 32 and the protrusion 31 are aligned; connecting bolts 5 are threaded through bolt holes 6 and bolt sleeves 8 to fix the track plate 2 and the base 1; an adjustment layer template is installed and concrete is poured to form an adjustment layer; finally, the track is installed on the track plate 2.
[0033] Comparative Example 1 Comparative Example 1 provides a prefabricated ballastless track structure. The track slab 2 in Comparative Example 1 is made of concrete and its shape and size are the same as those of the track slab 2 in the reconstituted bamboo prefabricated ballastless track structure of Example 1.
[0034] Comparative Example 2 Comparative Example 2 provides a prefabricated ballastless track structure. The track slab 2 in Comparative Example 2 is made of concrete and its shape and size are the same as those of the track slab 2 in the reconstituted bamboo prefabricated ballastless track structure of Example 3.
[0035] Testing and Inspection (1) The vibration acceleration of the reconstituted bamboo prefabricated ballastless track structures of Examples 1-3 and the prefabricated ballastless track structures of Comparative Examples 1-2 was tested in accordance with GB 10071-88. The results are shown in Table 1 below.
[0036] Table 1:
[0037] (2) The three-point bending performance of the reconstituted bamboo prefabricated ballastless track structure of Examples 1-3 and the prefabricated ballastless track structure of Comparative Example 1 were tested according to BS EN 13230-2. The maximum bending load (kN) and deflection (mm) are shown in Table 2 below.
[0038] Table 2:
[0039] Results Analysis Further analysis of this application is conducted based on the results provided in Table 1-2.
[0040] Referring to Table 1, the vibration acceleration of the reconstituted bamboo prefabricated ballastless track structure in Examples 1-3 is much lower than that of the concrete prefabricated ballastless track structure in Comparative Examples 1-2. This indicates that using adhesives and bamboo fibers to make track slabs, combined with the structural features in this application, is beneficial to improving the vibration reduction performance of the reconstituted bamboo prefabricated ballastless track structure and extending its service life.
[0041] Referring to Table 2, the maximum bending load and deflection of the reconstituted bamboo prefabricated ballastless track structure in Example 1 are significantly higher than those of the concrete prefabricated ballastless track structure in Comparative Example 1. This indicates that using adhesives and bamboo fibers to make the track slabs, combined with the structural features described in this application, is beneficial for improving the bending resistance of the reconstituted bamboo prefabricated ballastless track structure and extending its service life. Furthermore, the maximum bending load of the reconstituted bamboo prefabricated ballastless track structures in Examples 1 and 3 is lower than that of the reconstituted bamboo prefabricated ballastless track structure in Example 2, indicating that the structural features in the reconstituted bamboo prefabricated ballastless track structure in Example 2 are beneficial for further improving its bending resistance.
[0042] This specific embodiment is merely an explanation of this application and is not intended to limit it. After reading this specification, those skilled in the art can make modifications to this embodiment without contributing any inventive step, but such modifications are protected by patent law as long as they fall within the scope of the claims of this application.
Claims
1. A reconstituted bamboo prefabricated ballastless track structure, characterized in that: It includes a base, a track plate connected to the base, and a limiting structure for restricting the direction of movement between the base and the track plate. A space is reserved between the track plate and the base for casting an adjustment layer. The track plate is made of bamboo fibers and adhesive.
2. The reconstituted bamboo prefabricated ballastless track structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The limiting structure includes a protrusion on one of the base and the track plate and a groove on the other.
3. The reconstituted bamboo prefabricated ballastless track structure according to claim 2, characterized in that: The groove is disposed on the base, the protrusion is disposed on the track plate, and the inner wall of the groove is provided with an arc-shaped protrusion.
4. The reconstituted bamboo prefabricated ballastless track structure according to claim 3, characterized in that: The protrusion includes intersecting transverse tenons and longitudinal tenons.
5. The reconstituted bamboo prefabricated ballastless track structure according to claim 4, characterized in that: The bamboo strips in the transverse tenon are laid along the length direction of the transverse tenon, and the bamboo strips in the longitudinal tenon are laid along the length direction of the longitudinal tenon.
6. The reconstituted bamboo prefabricated ballastless track structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The adhesive includes one or more of urea-formaldehyde resin adhesive, phenolic resin adhesive, and epoxy resin adhesive.
7. The reconstituted bamboo prefabricated ballastless track structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The bamboo filaments are made from one or more bamboo materials, including bamboo nanmu, bamboo cizhu, carbonized bamboo nanmu, and carbonized bamboo cizhu.
8. The reconstituted bamboo prefabricated ballastless track structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The base has a pre-embedded bolt sleeve, and the track plate has pre-drilled bolt holes. The base and the track plate are fixedly connected by connecting bolts.
9. The reconstituted bamboo prefabricated ballastless track structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The track slab has pre-drilled grouting holes for pouring the adjustment layer between the track slab and the base.
10. A construction method for a reconstituted bamboo prefabricated ballastless track structure as described in any one of claims 1-9, characterized in that: Includes the following steps: Bamboo is subjected to alkali soaking, steaming, loosening and drying to obtain bamboo filaments. The bamboo filaments are then soaked in an adhesive and dried to obtain adhesive-impregnated bamboo filaments. Arrange the resin-impregnated bamboo strips and place them in a track slab mold for hot pressing to obtain a track slab for later use; pour the base at the designed position, move the track slab to the designed position on the base and install it on the base, install the adjustment layer template and pour concrete, and finally install the track on the track slab.