Modularized, mold-free and support-free poured subway station structural slab

Abstract

The invention discloses a modular, mold-free and support-free poured subway station structural slab, and belongs to the technical field of subway station structural slabs. The modular, mold-free and support-free poured subway station structural slab comprises a plurality of bottom plates, and reinforcing steel bars are mounted on the bottom plates; the filling blocks are mounted between the two connected bottom plates; the reinforcing mesh is mounted above the filling block and the bottom plate; wherein the bottom plate and the filling block are connected through a clamping assembly. Preferably, the filling block is in a long strip shape and is of a hollow structure. The reinforcing steel bars are of truss structures. And the reinforcing steel bars adopt rectangular reinforcement cage structures. And prestressed tendons are mounted in the bottom plate. Through the arrangement of the bottom plate, the filling blocks and the reinforcing mesh, on-site formwork-free and support-free rapid assembling is achieved, and compared with traditional cast-in-place construction or a technology needing a large number of formworks for supporting in the prior art, the on-site operation amount can be greatly reduced, and the construction period can be greatly shortened.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of subway station structural slab technology, specifically to a modular, mold-free, and support-free cast-in-place subway station structural slab. Background Technology

[0002] With the accelerated pace of transformation and upgrading in my country's construction industry, prefabricated construction technology, as an important path for the industry's industrialization, has received widespread attention and has been extensively tested in subway station structures. In subway station construction, structural slabs, as key load-bearing components, have their construction techniques and structural performance directly affecting the project's quality and service life.

[0003] Unlike the relatively mature prefabricated building structures, subway station structures, due to their design requirements, often have structural slabs with large spans, thicknesses, and weights. Directly adopting the prefabricated technologies used in building floor slabs, such as steel truss composite slabs and precast prestressed composite slabs, inevitably leads to problems with excessively large and heavy components. This places higher demands on construction machinery, affecting the project's economic efficiency. At the same time, a large amount of on-site formwork is required, and construction efficiency cannot be substantially improved.

[0004] Moreover, traditional processes require the on-site construction of a large number of templates and support systems, which not only consumes a lot of materials and has low turnover efficiency, but also results in a high proportion of wet work on site and a long construction cycle, which is contrary to the current low-carbon and environmentally friendly construction concept.

[0005] To address the aforementioned problems, this invention provides a modular, formwork-free, support-free cast-in-place subway station structural slab. Summary of the Invention

[0006] To address the aforementioned technical shortcomings, the purpose of this invention is to provide a modular, formwork-free, and support-free cast-in-place subway station structural slab. By setting up a base plate, filling blocks, and steel mesh, it achieves rapid on-site assembly without formwork or support. Compared with the traditional cast-in-place construction or processes requiring a large amount of formwork support in the prior art, it can significantly reduce the amount of on-site work and the construction period.

[0007] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the present invention adopts the following technical solution: The present invention provides a modular, formwork-free, and support-free cast-in-place subway station structural slab, comprising: Multiple base plates, each of which is fitted with reinforcing steel bars; Multiple filler blocks are installed between two connected base plates; A reinforcing mesh is installed above the infill block and the base plate; The base plate and the filling block are connected by a snap-fit ​​assembly.

[0008] Preferably, the filling block is elongated and hollow.

[0009] Preferably, the reinforcing steel bars adopt a truss structure.

[0010] Preferably, the reinforcing bars adopt a rectangular steel cage structure.

[0011] Preferably, prestressed tendons are installed inside the base plate.

[0012] Preferably, the lower ends of the filling block are provided with recessed stepped grooves, which overlap the corresponding base plate during installation.

[0013] Preferably, the snap-fit ​​assembly includes: A slot, wherein the slot is formed on the upper side wall of the stepped groove; The insert frame is fixedly installed on the base plate, and the upper two sides of the insert frame are provided with first locking blocks; Two second locking blocks are fixedly installed on the two side walls of the slot; When the filling block is connected to the base plate, the insert frame is inserted into the slot, the first locking block engages with the locking slot on the slot wall, and the two second locking blocks abut against the two side walls of the insert frame respectively.

[0014] Preferably, the insert frame is U-shaped with the opening facing upwards, and the two first blocks are located on the two end sidewalls of the insert frame opening, and the first blocks are hollow structures.

[0015] Preferably, the snap-fit ​​assembly further includes a support portion, the support portion comprising: The insert is adapted to the opening of the insert frame, and the lower side of the insert is hollow and made of elastic material; The top rod is slidably installed inside the insert frame, with its upper end abutting against the insert strip and its lower end fixedly installed with multiple forked structures that fold to both sides. The two ends of the forked structures extend to the outside of the insert frame through openings provided on the side walls of the insert frame and abut against the second locking block.

[0016] Preferably, the snap-fit ​​assembly further includes: Multiple dovetail tenons are fixedly installed on both sides of the base plate and distributed in a straight line along the long side of the base plate. Multiple dovetail grooves are provided on the vertical groove wall of the stepped groove, and the dovetail grooves are adapted to the dovetail tenons.

[0017] The beneficial effects of this invention are as follows: This invention enables the factory prefabrication and on-site rapid assembly of subway station structural slabs without formwork or supports by setting up a base plate, filling blocks, and steel mesh. This significantly reduces the amount of formwork, support systems, and on-site wet work required for traditional cast-in-place concrete, thereby greatly reducing the amount of on-site work and construction period.

[0018] This invention achieves rapid and precise connection between the base plate and the filling block through the design of the snap-fit ​​component, simplifying the installation process and improving assembly efficiency. At the same time, the combination of stepped groove overlap and elastic support design effectively enhances the shear and pull-out resistance of the connection between modules. Furthermore, the synergistic effect of the hollow filling block and the prestressed tendons enables the structural plate to have higher overall stiffness and crack resistance when subjected to complex loads. Attached Figure Description

[0019] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0020] Figure 1 This is a structural diagram of a modular, mold-free, support-free cast-in-place subway station structural slab provided in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0021] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram (first view) showing the splicing of the base plate and the filling block of the present invention.

[0022] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram (second perspective) of the splicing of the base plate and the filling block of the present invention.

[0023] Figure 4 This is a front view of the assembled base plate and filling block of the present invention.

[0024] Figure 5 For the present invention Figure 4 Enlarged view of point A.

[0025] Figure 6 This is an exploded view of the base plate and filling block of the present invention.

[0026] Figure 7 For the present invention Figure 6 Enlarged view of point B.

[0027] Figure 8 For the present invention Figure 6 Enlarged view of point C.

[0028] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram showing the connection between the top rod and the bifurcation structure of the present invention.

[0029] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached figures: 1. Base plate, 2. Reinforcing steel bars, 3. Filler block, 4. Steel mesh, 5. Prestressed tendons, 6. Step groove, 7. Slot, 8. Insert frame, 9. First locking block, 10. Locking opening, 11. Insert strip, 12. Top rod, 13. Dovetail groove, 14. Second locking block, 15. Dovetail tenon, 16. Forked structure. Detailed Implementation

[0030] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0031] This invention provides a modular, formwork-free, support-free cast-in-place subway station structural slab, such as... Figures 1 to 9 As shown.

[0032] Example 1: A modular, formwork-free, and support-free cast-in-place subway station structural slab includes multiple base slabs 1, infill blocks 3, and steel mesh 4. The base slab 1 is a factory-prefabricated reinforced concrete slab with multiple prestressed tendons 5 embedded inside. The prestressed tendons 5 are arranged along the long side of the base slab 1 and fixed at both ends by anchors. During prefabrication, prestress is generated by tensioning, which can offset the tensile stress after the structural slab is subjected to force and improve crack resistance.

[0033] There is a reserved installation space between two adjacent base plates 1. The space is filled with a filling block 3. The filling block 3 is a long strip structure. The interior can be made into a hollow structure with rectangular or circular cross sections by traditional processes, or into a topology-optimized hollow structure by 3D printing technology. The filling block 3 is made of recycled aggregate. The hollow design not only reduces its own weight, but also reduces the amount of material used and reduces carbon emissions.

[0034] After the base plate 1 and the filling block 3 are assembled, a steel mesh 4 is laid on top of it. Its lower surface is closely attached to the reinforcing steel bar 2 of the base plate 1 and the upper surface of the filling block 3. When the composite layer concrete is poured later, the steel mesh 4 is integrated with the precast base plate 1 and the filling block 3 as a whole, without the need for additional formwork.

[0035] The base plate 1 is equipped with reinforcing steel bars 2, which can be a truss structure or a rectangular steel cage structure.

[0036] Example 2: Based on Embodiment 1, in order to make the connection between the filler block 3 and the base plate 1 tighter, recessed stepped grooves 6 are provided at both ends of the lower side of the filler block 3. The depth of the stepped grooves 6 is adapted to the thickness of the base plate 1. During installation, the horizontal groove wall of the stepped grooves 6 directly overlaps the upper surface of the base plate 1 to form a preliminary positioning.

[0037] A snap-fit ​​assembly is also provided, which further fixes the base plate 1 and the filling block 3 together: a frame 8 is fixedly installed on the upper surface of the base plate 1. The frame 8 is U-shaped and the opening faces upward. A first snap-fit ​​block 9 protrudes from the side walls at both ends of the opening. The first snap-fit ​​block 9 is hollow and made of elastic plastic. A slot 7 is provided at the corresponding position on the upper side wall of the stepped groove 6 of the filling block 3. The slot 7 has a snap-fit ​​opening 10 on both sides of the slot 7 that matches the first snap-fit ​​block 9. A second snap-fit ​​block 14 is fixed inside the slot wall.

[0038] When the filling block 3 is in place, the insert frame 8 is inserted into the slot 7. The first locking block 9 is elastically deformed and then locked into the slot 10. At the same time, the second locking block 14 abuts against the two side walls of the insert frame 8, restricting its lateral displacement, so that the base plate 1 and the filling block 3 form a preliminary connection. Moreover, the setting of the second locking block 14 can leave a gap between the slot wall of the slot 7 and the side wall of the insert frame 8, so that the first locking block 9 can be better engaged with the slot 10.

[0039] The upper side of the first locking block 9 is a sloping surface with a lower outer side and a higher inner side, and the lower side is an arc surface. The lower side of the second locking block 14 is a sloping surface with a lower outer side and a higher inner side. This allows the second locking block 14 to pass over the first locking block 9 better during installation. The side of the first locking block 9 and the second locking block 14 closest to the middle of the insertion frame 8 is the inner side.

[0040] The snap-fit ​​assembly also includes multiple dovetail tenons 15 and dovetail grooves 13. The dovetail tenons 15 are precast concrete protrusions that are distributed in a straight line along the two long sides of the base plate 1. Their cross-section is an isosceles trapezoid. The vertical groove wall of the stepped groove 6 of the filling block 3 is provided with dovetail grooves 13. The size of the dovetail grooves 13 is adapted to the dovetail tenons 15. When the filling block 3 overlaps with the base plate 1, the dovetail tenons 15 are embedded in the dovetail grooves 13. With the constraint of the first snap-fit ​​block 9 and the snap-fit ​​opening 10, the connection between the filling block 3 and the base plate 1 can be made more stable.

[0041] Example 3: Based on Embodiment 2, in order to make the engagement between the insert frame 8 and the slot 7 more stable, the engagement assembly also includes a support part, which includes an insert strip 11 and multiple push rods 12. The insert strip 11 is made of elastic rubber, and its cross-sectional shape is adapted to the "U"-shaped opening of the insert frame 8. The lower side is set as a hollow cavity, which can generate lateral expansion when pressure is applied. The push rods 12 are made of elastic plastic and are slidably installed inside the insert frame 8 at intervals along the length direction of the insert frame 8. The upper end of the push rods abuts against the lower end of the insert strip 11, and the lower end is folded to both sides to form a forked structure 16. The forked ends extend to the outside through the openings on both sides of the insert frame 8.

[0042] When the filling block 3 is engaged with the base plate 1, the insert 11 will be inserted from the opening of the insert frame 8 and push the top rod 12 downward. At this time, the insert 11 is compressed and expands to both sides, applying a clamping force to both ends of the opening of the insert frame 8, so that the first locking block 9 is more stably engaged with the locking slot 10. The forked structure 16 on the top rod 12 is pressed down and opens outward, extending out of the insert frame 8 through the opening, and pressing against the second locking blocks 14 on both sides of the slot 7, forming an internally opened locking state, further improving the pull-out bearing capacity of the node.

[0043] The snap-fit ​​assembly, prestressed tendons 5, and steel mesh 4 form a collaborative force-bearing system: the prestressed tendons 5 keep the base plate 1 under compression through prestress, reducing bending deformation; the hollow structure of the filling block 3 reduces its own weight, while its surrounding concrete frame can share the shear force with the base plate 1; the steel mesh 4 connects multiple base plates 1 and filling blocks 3 into a whole, so that the load is evenly transferred through the snap-fit ​​joint.

[0044] When pouring the composite layer, the hollow part of the concrete filling block 3 and the gaps between each node form a "cast-in-place-precast" combined structure with the precast components, eliminating the need for formwork and support. The bottom plate 1 and the upper surface of the filling block 3 serve as the bottom formwork of the composite layer, and the steel mesh 4 replaces the reinforcing bars of the traditional support system, achieving the goal of low-carbon construction without formwork or support.

[0045] Obviously, those skilled in the art can make various modifications and variations to this invention without departing from its spirit and scope. Therefore, if these modifications and variations fall within the scope of the claims of this invention and their equivalents, this invention also intends to include these modifications and variations.

Claims

1. A modular, formwork-free, support-free cast-in-place subway station structural slab, characterized in that, include: Multiple base plates (1), each of which is equipped with reinforcing steel bars (2); Multiple filler blocks (3) are installed between two connected base plates (1); A reinforcing mesh (4) is installed above the filler block (3) and the base plate (1); The base plate (1) and the filling block (3) are connected by a snap-fit ​​assembly.

2. The modular, formwork-free, support-free cast-in-place subway station structural slab as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The filling block (3) is long and narrow, and is hollow.

3. The modular, formwork-free, support-free cast-in-place subway station structural slab as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The reinforcing steel (2) adopts a truss structure.

4. The modular, formwork-free, support-free cast-in-place subway station structural slab as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The reinforcing steel (2) adopts a rectangular steel cage structure.

5. A modular, formwork-free, support-free cast-in-place subway station structural slab as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The base plate (1) is equipped with prestressed tendons (5).

6. The modular, formwork-free, support-free cast-in-place subway station structural slab as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The lower ends of the filling block (3) are provided with recessed stepped grooves (6), and the stepped grooves (6) overlap the corresponding base plate (1) during installation.

7. A modular, formwork-free, support-free cast-in-place subway station structural slab as described in claim 6, characterized in that, The snap-fit ​​assembly includes: Slot (7), said slot (7) is formed on the upper side wall of the stepped groove (6); Insert frame (8), the insert frame (8) is fixedly installed on the base plate (1), and the upper ends of the insert frame (8) are provided with first locking blocks (9) on both sides. Two second locking blocks (14) are fixedly installed on the two side walls of the slot (7); When the filling block (3) is connected to the base plate (1), the insert frame (8) is inserted into the slot (7), the first card block (9) engages with the slot (10) provided on the slot wall (7), and the two second card blocks (14) respectively abut against the two side walls of the insert frame (8).

8. A modular, formwork-free, support-free cast-in-place subway station structural slab as described in claim 7, characterized in that, The insert frame (8) is U-shaped with the opening facing upward. Two first blocks (9) are located on the two side walls at the opening of the insert frame (8). The first blocks (9) are hollow structures.

9. A modular, formwork-free, support-free cast-in-place subway station structural slab as described in claim 8, characterized in that, The snap-fit ​​assembly further includes a support portion, the support portion comprising: Insert (11), the insert (11) is adapted to the opening of the insert frame (8), and the lower side of the insert (11) is set as a hollow structure and is made of elastic material; The top rod (12) is slidably installed inside the insert frame (8), and the upper end of the top rod (12) abuts against the insert strip (11), and the lower end is fixedly installed with a plurality of forked structures (16) that fold to both sides, and the two ends of the forked structures (16) extend to the outside of the insert frame (8) through the openings provided on the side walls of the insert frame (8) to abut against the second locking block (14).

10. A modular, formwork-free, support-free cast-in-place subway station structural slab as described in claim 7, characterized in that, The snap-fit ​​assembly also includes: Multiple dovetail tenons (15) are fixedly installed on both sides of the base plate (1) and distributed in a straight line along the long side of the base plate (1); Multiple dovetail grooves (13) are provided on the vertical groove wall of the stepped groove (6), and the dovetail grooves (13) are adapted to the dovetail tenon (15).

Images