Layout method and system for carbon dioxide injection well and pressure control well

Abstract

The invention provides a layout method and system for a carbon dioxide injection well and a pressure control well. The method comprises the steps that the reservoir thickness, porosity, permeability and formation pressure distribution data of a target reservoir are obtained; determining a deployment area according to the reservoir thickness, the porosity, the permeability and the formation pressure distribution data; based on a preset carbon dioxide injection well distance, carbon dioxide injection wells are arranged in the deployment area in an equilateral triangle grid mode; and a pressure control well is laid based on the center of the equilateral triangle grid, and the layout of the carbon dioxide injection well and the pressure control well is obtained. According to the technical scheme, the carbon dioxide injection well and the pressure control well are reasonably arranged, and the safety and economical efficiency of carbon dioxide geological sequestration are improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of carbon dioxide storage technology, and in particular to a method and system for the layout of carbon dioxide injection wells and pressure control wells. Background Technology

[0002] With the advancement of global "dual carbon" goals, carbon dioxide geological storage technology, as a key means to achieve large-scale carbon emission reduction, has been widely applied in oil and gas fields, salt formations, and deep coal seams. The core of this technology is to inject captured carbon dioxide into underground reservoirs through injection wells, while simultaneously maintaining reservoir pressure stability using pressure control wells. This prevents problems such as reservoir fracture expansion and fluid channeling (e.g., into groundwater layers or shallow formations) caused by excessively high pressure, or decreased injection efficiency and insufficient reservoir carrying capacity due to excessively low pressure. Therefore, the rational layout of injection wells and pressure control wells is a core prerequisite for ensuring the safety and economy of storage.

[0003] Currently, the layout methods for carbon dioxide injection wells and pressure control wells have the following technical shortcomings: the deployment of injection wells lacks precise geological adaptation; the layout of pressure control wells is not sufficiently coordinated with that of injection wells, and a spatial linkage relationship between them has not been established. Furthermore, existing technologies also have deficiencies in the geological parameter detection stage; some schemes employ 2D seismic exploration combined with sparse core drilling (e.g., every 2000m...). 2 The current method (using only one sampling point) cannot accurately obtain the spatial distribution characteristics of reservoir thickness, porosity, permeability, and formation pressure, resulting in a lack of reliable data support for subsequent well layout design and further exacerbating the irrationality of the layout. Therefore, there is an urgent need to propose a scheme that can accurately lay out carbon dioxide injection wells and pressure control wells to improve the safety and economy of carbon dioxide geological storage. Summary of the Invention

[0004] This application provides a method and system for the layout of carbon dioxide injection wells and pressure control wells, so as to at least solve the technical problem of unreasonable layout of carbon dioxide injection wells and pressure control wells.

[0005] The first aspect of this application proposes a method for the layout of carbon dioxide injection wells and pressure control wells, the method comprising:

[0006] Obtain data on reservoir thickness, porosity, permeability, and formation pressure distribution of the target reservoir;

[0007] The deployment area is determined based on the reservoir thickness, porosity, permeability, and formation pressure distribution data.

[0008] Based on the preset carbon dioxide injection well spacing, carbon dioxide injection wells are deployed in the deployment area using an equilateral triangular grid;

[0009] Pressure control wells are laid out based on the center of the equilateral triangle grid, resulting in the layout of carbon dioxide injection wells and pressure control wells.

[0010] Preferably, determining the deployment area based on the reservoir thickness, porosity, permeability, and formation pressure distribution data includes:

[0011] Based on the formation pressure distribution data, an initial region with uniform pressure distribution was selected.

[0012] Within the initial region, a first region is selected that satisfies the following conditions: reservoir thickness greater than or equal to a preset reservoir thickness threshold, porosity greater than or equal to a preset porosity threshold, and permeability greater than or equal to a preset permeability threshold. This first region is then used as the deployment region.

[0013] Furthermore, the preset reservoir thickness threshold is 5m, the preset porosity threshold is 15%, and the preset permeability threshold is 10mD;

[0014] The preset carbon dioxide injection well spacing is 500-800m.

[0015] Preferably, the acquisition of reservoir thickness, porosity, permeability, and formation pressure distribution data of the target reservoir includes:

[0016] The reservoir thickness, porosity, permeability, and formation pressure distribution data of the target reservoir were collected using a combination of 3D seismic exploration and core drilling.

[0017] Among them, the sampling density of core drilling is per 1000m 2 One sampling point is set up, and the core sampling depth extends through the entire target reservoir.

[0018] Preferably, the depth of the pressure control well is the same as the depth of the carbon dioxide injection well, and the diameter of the pressure control well is larger than the diameter of the carbon dioxide injection well.

[0019] Furthermore, the method also includes:

[0020] The side length of the equilateral triangular grid is dynamically adjusted according to the reservoir permeability;

[0021] When the reservoir permeability is 10-20 mD, the side length is taken as 700-800 m;

[0022] When the reservoir permeability is 20-50 mD, the side length is taken as 600-700 m;

[0023] When the reservoir permeability is greater than 50 mD, the side length is taken as 500-600 m.

[0024] A second aspect of this application provides a layout system for carbon dioxide injection wells and pressure control wells, including:

[0025] The acquisition module is used to acquire data on reservoir thickness, porosity, permeability, and formation pressure distribution of the target reservoir.

[0026] The determination module is used to determine the deployment area based on the reservoir thickness, porosity, permeability, and formation pressure distribution data;

[0027] The first deployment module is used to deploy carbon dioxide injection wells in the deployment area based on a preset carbon dioxide injection well spacing and an equilateral triangular grid.

[0028] The second deployment module is used to deploy pressure control wells based on the center of the equilateral triangle grid, thereby obtaining the layout of carbon dioxide injection wells and pressure control wells.

[0029] Preferably, the determining module is further configured to:

[0030] Based on the formation pressure distribution data, an initial region with uniform pressure distribution was selected.

[0031] Within the initial region, a first region is selected that satisfies the following conditions: reservoir thickness greater than or equal to a preset reservoir thickness threshold, porosity greater than or equal to a preset porosity threshold, and permeability greater than or equal to a preset permeability threshold. This first region is then used as the deployment region.

[0032] A third aspect of this application provides an electronic device, including: a memory, a processor, and a computer program stored in the memory and executable on the processor, wherein when the processor executes the program, it implements the method described in the first aspect embodiment.

[0033] A fourth aspect of this application provides a computer-readable storage medium having a computer program stored thereon that, when executed by a processor, implements the method described in the first aspect.

[0034] The technical solutions provided by the embodiments of this application bring at least the following beneficial effects:

[0035] This application proposes a method and system for the layout of carbon dioxide injection wells and pressure control wells. The method includes: acquiring reservoir thickness, porosity, permeability, and formation pressure distribution data of the target reservoir; determining a deployment area based on the reservoir thickness, porosity, permeability, and formation pressure distribution data; deploying carbon dioxide injection wells within the deployment area using an equilateral triangular grid based on a preset carbon dioxide injection well spacing; and deploying pressure control wells based on the center of the equilateral triangular grid, thus obtaining the layout of carbon dioxide injection wells and pressure control wells. The technical solution proposed in this application achieves a reasonable layout of carbon dioxide injection wells and pressure control wells, improving the safety and economy of carbon dioxide geological storage.

[0036] Additional aspects and advantages of this application will be set forth in part in the description which follows, and in part will be obvious from the description, or may be learned by practice of this application. Attached Figure Description

[0037] The above and / or additional aspects and advantages of this application will become apparent and readily understood from the following description of the embodiments taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, wherein:

[0038] Figure 1 A flowchart illustrating a layout method for a carbon dioxide injection well and a pressure control well according to an embodiment of this application;

[0039] Figure 2 This is a structural diagram of a layout system for a carbon dioxide injection well and a pressure control well according to an embodiment of this application. Detailed Implementation

[0040] The embodiments of this application are described in detail below. Examples of these embodiments are shown in the accompanying drawings, wherein the same or similar reference numerals denote the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar functions throughout. The embodiments described below with reference to the accompanying drawings are exemplary and intended to explain this application, and should not be construed as limiting this application.

[0041] This application proposes a method and system for the layout of carbon dioxide injection wells and pressure control wells. The method includes: acquiring reservoir thickness, porosity, permeability, and formation pressure distribution data of the target reservoir; determining a deployment area based on the reservoir thickness, porosity, permeability, and formation pressure distribution data; deploying carbon dioxide injection wells within the deployment area using an equilateral triangular grid based on a preset carbon dioxide injection well spacing; and deploying pressure control wells based on the center of the equilateral triangular grid, thus obtaining the layout of carbon dioxide injection wells and pressure control wells. The technical solution proposed in this application achieves a reasonable layout of carbon dioxide injection wells and pressure control wells, improving the safety and economy of carbon dioxide geological storage.

[0042] The following description, with reference to the accompanying drawings, illustrates a method and system for arranging carbon dioxide injection wells and pressure control wells according to embodiments of this application.

[0043] Example 1

[0044] Figure 1 This is a flowchart illustrating a layout method for a carbon dioxide injection well and a pressure control well according to an embodiment of this application. Figure 1 As shown, the method includes:

[0045] Step 1: Obtain reservoir thickness, porosity, permeability, and formation pressure distribution data of the target reservoir;

[0046] In this embodiment of the disclosure, step 1 specifically includes:

[0047] The reservoir thickness, porosity, permeability, and formation pressure distribution data of the target reservoir were collected using a combination of 3D seismic exploration and core drilling.

[0048] Among them, the sampling density of core drilling is per 1000m 2 One sampling point is set up, and the core sampling depth extends through the entire target reservoir.

[0049] Step 2: Determine the deployment area based on the reservoir thickness, porosity, permeability, and formation pressure distribution data;

[0050] In this embodiment of the disclosure, step 2 specifically includes:

[0051] Based on the formation pressure distribution data, an initial region with uniform pressure distribution was selected.

[0052] Within the initial region, a first region is selected that satisfies the following conditions: reservoir thickness greater than or equal to a preset reservoir thickness threshold, porosity greater than or equal to a preset porosity threshold, and permeability greater than or equal to a preset permeability threshold. This first region is then used as the deployment region.

[0053] It should be noted that the preset reservoir thickness threshold is 5m, the preset porosity threshold is 15%, and the preset permeability threshold is 10mD.

[0054] The preset carbon dioxide injection well spacing is 500-800m.

[0055] Step 3: Based on the preset carbon dioxide injection well spacing, deploy carbon dioxide injection wells in the deployment area using an equilateral triangular grid;

[0056] In this embodiment of the disclosure, the method further includes:

[0057] The side length of the equilateral triangular grid is dynamically adjusted according to the reservoir permeability;

[0058] When the reservoir permeability is 10-20 mD, the side length is taken as 700-800 m;

[0059] When the reservoir permeability is 20-50 mD, the side length is taken as 600-700 m;

[0060] When the reservoir permeability is greater than 50 mD, the side length is taken as 500-600 m.

[0061] It should be noted that, compared to the traditional square grid, the equilateral triangular grid has a more uniform node spacing and better spatial coverage efficiency. Under the premise of a preset injection well spacing, the distance between any two adjacent injection wells in the equilateral triangular grid remains consistent, and the number of adjacent wells around each injection well is greater than in a square grid. This layout allows the injected carbon dioxide to form a more symmetrical and uniform pressure gradient field and concentration diffusion field in the reservoir, effectively avoiding "blank areas" (i.e., reservoir spaces where carbon dioxide cannot diffuse and cover) caused by excessively large local well spacing, or "pressure superposition effects" (i.e., mutual interference between the injection pressures of adjacent wells, leading to a sudden increase in local reservoir pressure) caused by excessively small local well spacing. At the same time, the geometric characteristics of the equilateral triangular grid allow it to better adapt to irregularly shaped deployment areas (such as reservoir areas restricted by faults or lithological boundaries). By locally adjusting the grid (such as adding or removing edge wells), complete coverage of the deployment area can be achieved, reducing engineering waste caused by poor layout adaptability.

[0062] In actual implementation, the "preset carbon dioxide injection well spacing" is not a fixed value, but needs to be calculated and determined based on the key reservoir parameters (reservoir thickness, porosity, and permeability) obtained in the early stages. Specifically, for reservoirs with high permeability and large thickness, since carbon dioxide diffuses faster and covers a wider area, the injection well spacing can be appropriately increased to reduce the total number of wells and engineering costs; for reservoirs with low permeability and thinness, since carbon dioxide diffusion capacity is weaker, the injection well spacing needs to be reduced to ensure that all areas of the reservoir can be effectively covered.

[0063] Furthermore, this deployment method needs to be coordinated with the formation pressure distribution data of the deployment area. In areas with low initial formation pressure, injection wells can be deployed normally at preset intervals, gradually increasing the reservoir pressure to a reasonable range by injecting carbon dioxide. In areas where the initial formation pressure is close to the safety threshold, the well spacing needs to be appropriately increased based on the preset interval, or the number of injection wells in local areas needs to be reduced to avoid the pressure rapidly exceeding the safety limit during injection. At the same time, the equilateral triangular grid layout must avoid geological risk points in the reservoir (such as micro-faults and areas with developed karst caves). Through accurate modeling based on previous geological exploration data, it is ensured that each injection well is located in an area with good geological stability, further improving the safety of the sealing project.

[0064] In summary, by optimizing the geometric layout and deeply coupling reservoir parameters, the problems of uneven coverage and difficulty in pressure control in traditional empirical layout have been solved, laying the foundation for the coordinated deployment of subsequent pressure control wells and providing important technical support for achieving efficient and safe carbon dioxide geological storage.

[0065] Step 4: Based on the center of the equilateral triangle grid, pressure control wells are laid out to obtain the layout of carbon dioxide injection wells and pressure control wells.

[0066] It should be noted that, from a spatial positioning perspective, the center (centroid) of an equilateral triangular grid is a key node in the evolution of the pressure field within that grid cell. During the injection of carbon dioxide into the reservoir, the pressure gradient formed by three adjacent injection wells converges towards the grid center, making this area a "pressure hotspot" with the fastest pressure rise and the highest pressure value within the reservoir. Deploying pressure control wells here allows for direct regulation of the most pressure-sensitive area of ​​the reservoir: when the pressure in the grid center area approaches a preset safety threshold, the pressure control wells can extract saline water (or a small amount of incompletely sealed carbon dioxide) from the reservoir to quickly release the regional pressure, preventing further pressure accumulation and the risk of caprock rupture; simultaneously, the pressure control wells at the grid center can also guide the diffusion of carbon dioxide from surrounding injection wells into the grid interior through the "low-pressure zone" created by extraction, reducing the possibility of carbon dioxide flowing towards the reservoir boundary or faults and improving storage efficiency.

[0067] By spatially coupling the pressure-controlled wells with the injection well grid, precise and efficient reservoir pressure regulation is achieved. Together with the existing injection well layout, this forms a complete well network system that balances storage efficiency and safety. This technology not only effectively controls reservoir pressure within a safe range but also guides the migration direction of carbon dioxide, providing key technical support for the long-term stable operation of carbon dioxide geological storage projects.

[0068] In this embodiment of the disclosure, the depth of the pressure control well is the same as the depth of the carbon dioxide injection well, and the diameter of the pressure control well is larger than the diameter of the carbon dioxide injection well.

[0069] It is important to note that pressure control wells and carbon dioxide injection wells use the same depth to ensure that the "effective range" of the pressure control well and the "carbon dioxide diffusion range" of the injection well are perfectly matched, avoiding pressure control failure or inefficiency due to depth discrepancies. From the perspective of reservoir geological characteristics, the depth design of carbon dioxide injection wells must strictly correspond to the vertical distribution range of the target reservoir (e.g., if the top boundary depth of the reservoir is 2000m and the bottom boundary depth is 2100m, then the injection well depth must extend below 2100m to ensure that the perforated section completely covers the reservoir). If the depth of the pressure control well is shorter than that of the injection well, its production section may only reach the upper part of the reservoir, failing to regulate the high-pressure area in the middle and lower parts of the reservoir, leading to continuous pressure accumulation in this area and increasing the risk of caprock rupture. If the depth of the pressure control well is too long, exceeding the bottom boundary of the reservoir and entering the lower non-permeable formation, it will not only increase drilling costs but may also cause environmental problems due to the extraction of non-target fluids (such as deep groundwater).

[0070] Designing for the same well depth can also simplify engineering construction and reservoir monitoring processes: On the one hand, during drilling, geological stratification data (such as lithology and porosity changes) of the injection well can be referenced to optimize the drilling fluid ratio and casing running scheme of the pressure-controlled well, reducing drilling risks; on the other hand, during later monitoring (such as monitoring reservoir pressure through pressure sensors), the pressure data of the injection well and the pressure-controlled well can be directly compared based on the location of the perforation section at the same well depth to accurately determine the vertical distribution pattern of reservoir pressure, providing a basis for dynamically adjusting the pumping intensity.

[0071] Pressure control wells use a larger wellbore diameter than injection wells, based on their core functional requirement of "active extraction and pressure control," and mainly possess two technical advantages:

[0072] Improving extraction flow rate and pressure control response speed: During carbon dioxide injection, the rate of reservoir pressure increase is related to the injection rate and reservoir permeability. When the pressure approaches the safety threshold, fluid needs to be rapidly extracted through a pressure control well to release the pressure. Compared to small-diameter wellbores, large-diameter wellbores (e.g., injection wells using Φ139.7mm casing, and pressure control wells using Φ177.8mm casing) have a larger fluid flow area. Under the same extraction pressure difference, higher extraction flow rates can be achieved (according to fluid dynamics calculations, under the same reservoir conditions, a 30% increase in wellbore diameter can increase the extraction flow rate by approximately 70%), significantly shortening the pressure drop time and preventing pressure from exceeding the safety limit. For example, when the reservoir pressure rises from 15MPa to 18MPa (the safety threshold is 18.5MPa), a large-diameter pressure control well can reduce the pressure to 16MPa within 24 hours, while a small-diameter well requires more than 48 hours, significantly improving the pressure control response efficiency.

[0073] Adaptable to various operating conditions and enhanced system fault tolerance: Large-diameter wellbores provide greater flexibility for future engineering adjustments. On one hand, thicker production tubing or multiple monitoring devices (such as pressure sensors and fluid composition analyzers) can be installed within the wellbore, achieving integrated "production + monitoring." On the other hand, if localized blockage occurs in the reservoir (e.g., carbon dioxide forming dry ice in the formation or reacting with formation water to form carbonate precipitates), the large-diameter wellbore can be cleared by installing larger workover tools (such as scrapers and polishing shoes), reducing the risk of pressure control interruption due to wellbore blockage. Furthermore, the tubing strength of large-diameter wellbores is higher, reducing the probability of tubing corrosion and fatigue damage during long-term production (carbon dioxide geological storage typically lasts for decades), thus improving system operational stability.

[0074] The parameter design of large-diameter wells with the same depth is not isolated, but forms a deep synergy with the spatial layout of "equilateral triangular grid center layout": on the one hand, the same well depth ensures that the pressure-controlled well covers the injection area in the vertical dimension, and the grid center layout ensures that the pressure hotspot area is covered in the horizontal dimension. The combination of the two achieves "three-dimensional precise control" of reservoir pressure; on the other hand, the high extraction efficiency of large-diameter wells can reduce the coverage requirement of a single pressure-controlled well, eliminating the need to add additional pressure-controlled wells within the grid, which is in line with the "one grid, one well" layout principle, ensuring the pressure control effect while controlling the total investment of the project.

[0075] For example, in an equilateral triangular grid with an injection well spacing of L = 800m, the pressure-controlled wells use the same well depth (2100m) and a larger wellbore diameter (Φ177.8mm) as the injection wells. Their extraction radius can cover the entire grid unit (approximately 462m). This not only allows for rapid response to pressure changes but also guides the carbon dioxide from the injection wells to converge towards the grid center through the low-pressure zone formed by extraction, reducing the possibility of crossflow to the reservoir boundary and achieving the dual goals of "pressure control" and "efficiency improvement".

[0076] In summary, the proposed layout method for carbon dioxide injection wells and pressure control wells in this embodiment improves the safety and economy of carbon dioxide geological storage by rationally arranging the carbon dioxide injection wells and pressure control wells.

[0077] Example 2

[0078] Figure 2 This is a structural diagram of a layout system for a carbon dioxide injection well and a pressure control well according to an embodiment of this application, as shown below. Figure 2 As shown, the system includes:

[0079] The acquisition module 100 is used to acquire reservoir thickness, porosity, permeability and formation pressure distribution data of the target reservoir;

[0080] The determination module 200 is used to determine the deployment area based on the reservoir thickness, porosity, permeability and formation pressure distribution data;

[0081] The first deployment module 300 is used to deploy carbon dioxide injection wells in the deployment area based on a preset carbon dioxide injection well spacing and an equilateral triangular grid.

[0082] The second layout module 400 is used to lay out pressure control wells based on the center of an equilateral triangle grid, thereby obtaining the layout of carbon dioxide injection wells and pressure control wells.

[0083] It should be noted that the depth of the pressure control well is the same as the depth of the carbon dioxide injection well, and the diameter of the pressure control well is larger than the diameter of the carbon dioxide injection well.

[0084] In this embodiment of the disclosure, the determining module 200 is further configured to:

[0085] Based on the formation pressure distribution data, an initial region with uniform pressure distribution was selected.

[0086] Within the initial region, a first region is selected that satisfies the following conditions: reservoir thickness greater than or equal to a preset reservoir thickness threshold, porosity greater than or equal to a preset porosity threshold, and permeability greater than or equal to a preset permeability threshold. This first region is then used as the deployment region.

[0087] It should be noted that the preset reservoir thickness threshold is 5m, the preset porosity threshold is 15%, and the preset permeability threshold is 10mD.

[0088] The preset carbon dioxide injection well spacing is 500-800m.

[0089] In this embodiment of the disclosure, the acquisition module 100 is further configured to:

[0090] The reservoir thickness, porosity, permeability, and formation pressure distribution data of the target reservoir were collected using a combination of 3D seismic exploration and core drilling.

[0091] Among them, the sampling density of core drilling is per 1000m 2 One sampling point is set up, and the core sampling depth extends through the entire target reservoir.

[0092] In this embodiment of the disclosure, the first deployment module 300 is further configured to:

[0093] The side length of the equilateral triangular grid is dynamically adjusted according to the reservoir permeability;

[0094] When the reservoir permeability is 10-20 mD, the side length is taken as 700-800 m;

[0095] When the reservoir permeability is 20-50 mD, the side length is taken as 600-700 m;

[0096] When the reservoir permeability is greater than 50 mD, the side length is taken as 500-600 m.

[0097] In summary, the carbon dioxide injection well and pressure control well layout system proposed in this embodiment improves the safety and economy of carbon dioxide geological storage by rationally arranging the carbon dioxide injection well and pressure control well.

[0098] Example 3

[0099] To implement the above embodiments, this disclosure also proposes an electronic device, including: a memory, a processor, and a computer program stored in the memory and executable on the processor, wherein when the processor executes the program, it implements the method described in Embodiment 1.

[0100] Example 4

[0101] To implement the above embodiments, this disclosure also proposes a computer-readable storage medium having a computer program stored thereon, which, when executed by a processor, implements the method described in Embodiment 1.

[0102] In the description of this specification, the references to terms such as "one embodiment," "some embodiments," "example," "specific example," or "some examples," etc., refer to specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described in connection with that embodiment or example, which are included in at least one embodiment or example of this application. In this specification, the illustrative expressions of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in one or more embodiments or examples. Moreover, without contradiction, those skilled in the art can combine and integrate the different embodiments or examples described in this specification, as well as the features of different embodiments or examples.

[0103] Any process or method description in the flowchart or otherwise herein can be understood as representing a module, segment, or portion of code comprising one or more executable instructions for implementing custom logic functions or processes, and the scope of the preferred embodiments of this application includes additional implementations in which functions may be performed not in the order shown or discussed, including substantially simultaneously or in reverse order depending on the functions involved, as should be understood by those skilled in the art to which embodiments of this application pertain.

[0104] Although embodiments of this application have been shown and described above, it is understood that the above embodiments are exemplary and should not be construed as limiting this application. Those skilled in the art can make changes, modifications, substitutions and variations to the above embodiments within the scope of this application.

Claims

1. A method for arranging carbon dioxide injection wells and pressure control wells, characterized in that, The method includes: Obtain data on reservoir thickness, porosity, permeability, and formation pressure distribution of the target reservoir; The deployment area is determined based on the reservoir thickness, porosity, permeability, and formation pressure distribution data. Based on the preset carbon dioxide injection well spacing, carbon dioxide injection wells are deployed in the deployment area using an equilateral triangular grid; Pressure control wells are laid out based on the center of the equilateral triangle grid, resulting in the layout of carbon dioxide injection wells and pressure control wells.

2. The method as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The process of determining the deployment area based on the reservoir thickness, porosity, permeability, and formation pressure distribution data includes: Based on the formation pressure distribution data, an initial region with uniform pressure distribution was selected. Within the initial region, a first region is selected that satisfies the following conditions: reservoir thickness greater than or equal to a preset reservoir thickness threshold, porosity greater than or equal to a preset porosity threshold, and permeability greater than or equal to a preset permeability threshold. This first region is then used as the deployment region.

3. The method as described in claim 2, characterized in that, The preset reservoir thickness threshold is 5m, the preset porosity threshold is 15%, and the preset permeability threshold is 10mD. The preset carbon dioxide injection well spacing is 500-800m.

4. The method as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The acquisition of reservoir thickness, porosity, permeability, and formation pressure distribution data of the target reservoir includes: The reservoir thickness, porosity, permeability, and formation pressure distribution data of the target reservoir were collected using a combination of 3D seismic exploration and core drilling. Among them, the sampling density of core drilling is per 1000m 2 One sampling point is set up, and the core sampling depth extends through the entire target reservoir.

5. The method as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The pressure control well has the same depth as the carbon dioxide injection well, and the diameter of the pressure control well is larger than that of the carbon dioxide injection well.

6. The method as described in claim 3, characterized in that, The method further includes: The side length of the equilateral triangular grid is dynamically adjusted according to the reservoir permeability; When the reservoir permeability is 10-20 mD, the side length is taken as 700-800 m; When the reservoir permeability is 20-50 mD, the side length is taken as 600-700 m; When the reservoir permeability is greater than 50 mD, the side length is taken as 500-600 m.

7. A layout system for carbon dioxide injection wells and pressure control wells, characterized in that, The system includes: The acquisition module is used to acquire data on reservoir thickness, porosity, permeability, and formation pressure distribution of the target reservoir. The determination module is used to determine the deployment area based on the reservoir thickness, porosity, permeability, and formation pressure distribution data; The first deployment module is used to deploy carbon dioxide injection wells in the deployment area based on a preset carbon dioxide injection well spacing and an equilateral triangular grid. The second deployment module is used to deploy pressure control wells based on the center of the equilateral triangle grid, thereby obtaining the layout of carbon dioxide injection wells and pressure control wells.

8. The system as described in claim 7, characterized in that, The determining module is also used for: Based on the formation pressure distribution data, an initial region with uniform pressure distribution was selected. Within the initial region, a first region is selected that satisfies the following conditions: reservoir thickness greater than or equal to a preset reservoir thickness threshold, porosity greater than or equal to a preset porosity threshold, and permeability greater than or equal to a preset permeability threshold. This first region is then used as the deployment region.

9. An electronic device, characterized in that, include: A memory, a processor, and a computer program stored in the memory and executable on the processor, wherein the processor, when executing the program, implements the method as described in any one of claims 1-6.

10. A computer-readable storage medium having a computer program stored thereon, characterized in that, When the program is executed by the processor, it implements the method as described in any one of claims 1-6.

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