Device for detecting flow velocity, flow direction and flow of karst stratum

Abstract

The invention discloses a karst stratum flow velocity, flow direction and flow detection device. The device comprises a main pipe, a hollow frame body, a detection device, an auxiliary pipe and a camera device. The hollow frame body is composed of an upper baffle, a lower baffle and a circumferential support rod, the upper baffle and the lower baffle are sleeved with an air bag communicated with an external air source, and self-adaptive well wall fixing is achieved through air pressure detection. An annular cavity is formed in the upper baffle, and a driving outer gear ring is slidably arranged in the cavity. The auxiliary pipe is composed of an outer pipe with water inlet and outlet holes and an inner pipe with communicating holes, and the top of the inner pipe is connected with driven teeth. The height of the driving outer gear ring is adjusted through the lifting structure so that different driven teeth can be selected to be meshed, the driving structure drives the meshed driven teeth to rotate, and the opening and closing states of the corresponding auxiliary pipe inner pipe communicating holes are accurately controlled. And the detection devices which are uniformly distributed in the circumferential direction comprise radial multi-point detection units (temperature or conductivity). The flow velocity (V = S / T) is accurately calculated and the flow direction is accurately judged by independently controlling the auxiliary pipe to inject a tracing medium (hot water / saline water) and utilizing the detection unit to monitor the parameter change in a three-dimensional manner.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of groundwater measurement technology, and in particular to a device for detecting flow velocity, flow direction and flow rate in karst formations. Background Technology

[0002] Accurate measurement of groundwater seepage parameters (such as velocity, direction, and flow rate) in boreholes or monitoring wells is crucial but faces significant challenges. Existing devices generally suffer from problems such as unstable well walls, easy disturbance of the natural water flow field during measurement, and difficulty in obtaining high-precision flow direction information in three-dimensional space. Traditional point measurement or tracer methods often suffer from insufficient measurement accuracy and cannot fully reflect the true three-dimensional flow field morphology due to device interference, tracer diffusion, and limited observation points. To address these issues, this application provides a novel device. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The purpose of this invention is to provide a device for detecting flow velocity, direction, and flow rate in karst formations. To achieve this objective, the technical solution adopted by this invention is as follows: A flow velocity, flow direction and flow rate detection device for karst formations includes a main pipe, a hollow frame, a detection device, a secondary pipe and a camera device; The hollow frame includes an upper baffle and a lower baffle. A plurality of support rods are arranged circumferentially between the upper baffle and the lower baffle. A plurality of secondary pipes are arranged circumferentially between the upper baffle and the lower baffle. A plurality of detection devices are arranged along the length of the support rods between the upper baffle and the lower baffle. The top of the upper baffle is connected to the main pipe, and the bottom of the upper baffle is connected to the secondary pipe; A camera device is installed at the bottom of the upper baffle.

[0004] Furthermore, the upper baffle is provided with a driving component, which engages with the secondary tube; the driving component includes a driving external gear ring, a driving structure, a pressing structure, and a lifting structure; The upper baffle has an annular cavity, and the driving external gear ring is slidably disposed on the inner wall of the annular cavity; The drive structure is provided through the top of the upper baffle, and the drive structure engages with the drive external gear ring; The secondary tube includes a driven tooth, and the annular cavity is rotatably provided with the driven tooth. The driven tooth meshes with the driving external tooth ring, and multiple driven teeth are respectively located on horizontal planes that increase in height. The lifting structure is provided through the bottom axis of the upper baffle, and the lifting structure abuts against the bottom of the drive outer gear ring; The inner wall of the annular cavity is uniformly provided with a plurality of grooves along the circumferential direction, and the pressing structure is provided in the grooves, the pressing structure abutting against the top of the drive outer gear ring.

[0005] Furthermore, the drive structure includes a drive motor, a mechanical seal component, and drive teeth. The drive motor is detachably mounted on the top of the upper baffle. The output end of the drive motor passes through the upper baffle and is located in the annular cavity. The drive teeth are fixedly mounted at the bottom of the output end of the drive motor. The drive teeth mesh with the drive outer gear ring. The mechanical seal component is sleeved on the output end of the drive motor.

[0006] Furthermore, the lifting structure includes a lifting plate and a cylinder. The upper baffle is provided with water channels in the radial direction from the axis to match the number of the secondary pipes. The water channels are connected to the annular cavity. The lifting plate is slidably provided in the water channels. The lifting plate is fixedly provided at the output end of the cylinder. A mechanical seal component is sleeved on the output end of the cylinder.

[0007] Furthermore, the secondary pipe includes an inner pipe and an outer pipe. The outer pipe is provided through the bottom of the upper baffle and is connected to the annular cavity. The inner pipe is rotatably provided inside the outer pipe. The side wall of the outer pipe is provided with water inlet and outlet holes, and the side wall of the inner pipe is provided with connecting holes adapted to the water inlet and outlet holes.

[0008] Furthermore, the clamping structure includes a clamping plate, a spring, and a guide rod. The guide rod is vertically arranged in the groove, and the clamping plate is slidably arranged on the guide rod. The bottom of the clamping plate abuts against the driving external gear ring. The spring is sleeved on the guide rod, and the two ends of the spring are respectively connected to the top of the clamping plate and the top wall of the groove.

[0009] Furthermore, the detection device includes a detection disk and detection points. The detection disk is evenly provided with a plurality of detection point groups along the circumferential direction. The detection point groups include a plurality of detection points evenly arranged along the radial direction. The detection disk is detachably mounted on the support rod.

[0010] Furthermore, the upper baffle, the lower baffle, and the detection disc all adopt a hollow structure.

[0011] Furthermore, airbags are respectively fitted onto the upper baffle and the lower baffle, and an air pressure detection device is installed inside the airbag.

[0012] Furthermore, the support rod is provided with scale lines along its length.

[0013] This invention offers the following advantages: ① By coordinating the airbag with an external air source and combining it with an internal air pressure detection device, the internal pressure of the airbag can be precisely controlled based on the device's weight, safety factor, contact area, and friction coefficient. This ensures the device is firmly attached to the well wall, effectively resisting water flow impact and its own weight, providing a stable working platform for subsequent testing. ② The unique secondary pipe design (inner pipe / outer pipe / driven teeth), combined with the driving external tooth ring, driving structure, and lifting structure, enables independent and precise control of the opening and closing states of multiple secondary pipe inlet and outlet holes. The driving external tooth ring can move up and down to selectively engage driven teeth at different heights. The tooth width design ensures engagement during lifting, and the chamfered tooth tip process effectively prevents "tooth collision" during movement. This allows the operator to selectively open or close the inlet of a specific secondary pipe, enabling both overall pumping / injection and precise introduction of local water sources (such as hot water or brine), greatly reducing interference with water flow in non-target areas. ③ The detection device (detection plate and detection points) adopts a multi-point sensor network (temperature or conductivity unit) distributed along the circumference and radial direction. By controlling the injection of tracer medium (hot water / salt water) through a single secondary pipe, and monitoring the changes of parameters at each detection point in three-dimensional space in real time, it can accurately calculate the flow velocity (V = S / T) and intuitively determine the flow direction.

[0014] This device effectively solves key technical challenges such as achieving stable fixation in complex well environments, precise control of local water flow, high-precision measurement of multi-parameter three-dimensional flow velocity and direction, and reducing self-interference through an innovative airbag fixation system, an independently and precisely controllable secondary tube array, a three-dimensional distributed sensor network, and an optimized structural design. It significantly improves the accuracy and efficiency of groundwater seepage detection. Attached Figure Description

[0015] Figure 1 This is a perspective view of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a perspective view of the present invention after the hollow frame and airbags have been removed; Figure 3 for Figure 2 Enlarged view of point A in the middle; Figure 4 A three-dimensional diagram of the hollow frame; Figure 5 This is a sectional view of the hollow frame structure. Main pipe 1, airbag 2, hollow frame 3, upper baffle 301, annular cavity 3011, groove 3012, water channel 3013, support rod 302, lower baffle 303, detection device 4, secondary pipe 6, outer pipe 601, water outlet 6011, inner pipe 602, driven gear 603, drive structure 7, drive motor 701, mechanical seal component 702, drive gear 703, camera device 8, drive outer gear ring 10, lifting structure 11, lifting plate 1101, cylinder 1102, transparent cover 13, pressing structure 14, pressing plate 1401, spring 1402, guide rod 1403. Detailed Implementation

[0016] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Unless otherwise specified, the technical means used in the embodiments are conventional means well known to those skilled in the art.

[0017] In the description of this invention, it should be understood that the terms "longitudinal", "lateral", "up", "down", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing this invention, and are not intended to indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation of this invention.

[0018] like Figure 1-5As shown, the system includes a main pipe 1, a hollow frame 3, a detection device 4, a secondary pipe 6, and a camera device 8. The hollow frame 3 includes an upper baffle 301 and a lower baffle 303. Several support rods 302 are arranged circumferentially between the upper baffle 301 and the lower baffle 303. Several secondary pipes 6 are arranged circumferentially between the upper baffle 301 and the lower baffle 303. Several detection devices 4 are arranged along the length of the support rods 302 between the upper baffle 301 and the lower baffle 303. The main pipe 1 and the secondary pipes 6 are connected through a water channel 3013 inside the upper baffle 301. The top of the main pipe 1 is connected to an external pump body for drawing water from the well. The top of the main pipe 1 is also equipped with a switchable water inlet. The camera device 8 is located at the bottom of the upper baffle 301. The camera device 8 is covered with a transparent cover 13 for waterproofing. Airbags 2 are respectively fitted onto the upper baffle 301 and the lower baffle 303. Airbags 2 are connected to an external air source. Gas is injected into the airbags 2 to make them adhere tightly to the well wall. An air pressure detection device is installed inside each airbag 2 to detect the internal gas pressure, ensuring that the friction between the airbags 2 and the well wall is sufficient to relatively fix the entire device. The threshold for internal gas pressure is calculated as (detector weight × safety factor) / (airbag contact area × friction coefficient). The safety factor is between 1.5 and 2 to handle additional loads. The pump is activated to extract water from the well. Water enters the main pipe 1 through the secondary pipe 6, draining the internal water source (to the bottom of the inlet / outlet holes 6011). Simultaneously, water can be injected into the well through the injection port. By monitoring the flow of the injected water along with the water in the well, the flow rate and direction of the water in the well can be determined.

[0019] like Figure 2-5 As shown, the upper baffle 301 is provided with a driving component, which engages with the secondary tube 6; the driving component includes a driving external gear ring 10, a driving structure 7, a pressing structure 14, and a lifting structure 11; the upper baffle 301 is provided with an annular cavity 3011 ( Figure 5A driving external gear ring 10 is slidably mounted on the inner wall of the annular cavity 3011. The inner ring of the driving external gear ring 10 is in close contact with the inner wall of the annular cavity 3011 and can rotate and move up and down on the inner wall. The secondary pipe 6 includes an inner pipe 602, an outer pipe 601, and a driven gear 603. The upper ends of the inner pipe 602 and the lower ends of the outer pipe 601 are open and closed. The bottom of the upper baffle 301 is provided with the outer pipe 601, which is connected to the annular cavity 3011. The inner pipe 602 is rotatably mounted inside the outer pipe 601. A certain damping is provided between the outer pipe 601 and the inner pipe 602 to prevent them from rotating naturally. The side wall of the outer pipe 601 is provided with an inlet and outlet water hole 6011. The side wall of the inner pipe 602 is provided with a connecting hole adapted to the inlet and outlet water hole 6011. The outer diameter of the inner pipe 602 is equal to that of the outer pipe 601. The inner diameters of the two parts fit tightly together. The annular cavity 3011 is rotatably equipped with driven teeth 603. The driven teeth 603 mesh with and drive the outer toothed ring 10. Multiple driven teeth 603 are located on progressively higher horizontal planes. By moving the outer toothed ring 10 up and down, it can mesh with different driven teeth 603. When it engages with the corresponding driven tooth 603, the rotation of the drive structure 7 can drive the corresponding inner tube 602 to rotate. The connecting hole on the inner tube 602 can then be aligned or separated from the inlet / outlet hole 6011, thereby enabling the main pipe 1 to connect or close the water source in the well. It should be noted that in order to prevent the driving outer toothed ring 10 from colliding with the teeth during up and down movement, each tooth of the driving outer toothed ring 10 and the driven teeth 603 is chamfered at both ends so that the teeth of the driving outer toothed ring 10 and the driven teeth 603 can naturally offset each other after they align during up and down movement. Preferably, the lengths of the inner tube 602 and the outer tube 601 are half that of the support rod 302. The inlet and outlet holes 6011 are located near the bottom. Since the injected water source may move upward or downward, the outlet is located at the bottom (near the detection device 4 in the middle) to facilitate the detection of the detection device 4, while avoiding the accumulation of water source at the bottom of the outer tube 601 and the inner tube 602.

[0020] like Figure 1-3As shown, a drive structure 7 is provided through the top of the upper baffle 301. The drive structure 7 meshes with the drive external gear ring 10. A transparent cover 13 is provided outside the drive structure 7 for waterproofing. The drive structure 7 includes a drive motor 701, a mechanical seal component 702, and drive teeth 703. The drive motor 701 is detachably provided on the top of the upper baffle 301. The output end of the drive motor 701 passes through the upper baffle 301 and is located in the annular cavity 3011. The drive teeth 703 are fixedly provided at the bottom of the output end of the drive motor 701. The drive teeth 703 mesh with the drive external gear ring 10 and can drive the drive external gear ring 10. The drive gear 703 rotates by rotating the external gear ring 10, which in turn drives the driven gear 603 to rotate. The drive gear 703 has a wide tooth width, and the two can mesh continuously during the up and down movement of the drive gear 703. A mechanical seal 702 is provided on the output end of the drive motor 701 to prevent water from entering the drive motor 701. The drive motor 701 is connected to the control unit. The drive motor 701 rotates half a turn of the driven gear 603 as one rotation unit. The control unit is equipped with a display screen that can record the opening and closing status of each secondary pipe 6 (i.e., whether the connecting holes of the inlet and outlet water holes 6011 are connected).

[0021] like Figure 2-3 As shown, a lifting structure 11 is provided through the bottom axis of the upper baffle 301. The lifting structure 11 abuts against the bottom of the drive external gear ring 10, which can rotate freely. The lifting structure 11 includes a lifting plate 1101 and a cylinder 1102. A transparent cover 13 is provided outside the cylinder 1102 for waterproofing. The upper baffle 301 has water channels 3013 arranged radially from the axis to accommodate the number of secondary pipes 6. The water channels 3013 connect to the annular cavity 3011. The lifting plate 1102 is slidably provided inside the water channels 3013. 101. The width of the lifting plate 1101 is lower than the width of the water channel 3013 to facilitate water flow. The lifting plate 1101 is fixedly mounted on the output end of the cylinder 1102. The lifting plate 1101 is made of a material with high rigidity to prevent deformation. At the same time, the lifting plate 1101 should be made of a material with low friction to reduce friction with the drive external gear ring 10, so as to ensure the accuracy of the lifting distance of the lifting plate 1101 lifting the drive external gear ring 10. A mechanical seal component 702 is fitted on the output end of the cylinder 1102 for waterproofing. In order to ensure the accuracy of the displacement of the cylinder 1102, an electric cylinder is used in this application, and the cylinder 1102 is connected to the control unit.

[0022] like Figure 3 , 5As shown, the inner wall of the annular cavity 3011 is uniformly provided with several grooves 3012 along the circumferential direction. A pressing structure 14 is provided in the groove 3012. The pressing structure 14 abuts against the top of the driving external gear ring 10. The pressing structure 14 and the lifting structure 11 work together to restrict the up and down movement of the driving external gear ring 10. The pressing structure 14 includes a pressing plate 1401, a spring 1402 and a guide rod 1403. The pressing plate 1401 should be made of a material with low friction to reduce friction with the pressing plate 1401. The guide rod 1403 is vertically provided in the groove 3012. The pressing plate 1401 is slidably provided on the guide rod 1403. The bottom of the pressing plate 1401 abuts against the driving external gear ring 10 to restrict its jump. The spring 1402 is sleeved on the guide rod 1403. The spring 1402 is always in a compressed state. The two ends of the spring 1402 are respectively connected to the top of the pressing plate 1401 and the top wall of the groove 3012.

[0023] It should be noted that the flow rate is measured as follows: water is drawn from the main pipe 1 and the secondary pipe 6 to the bottom of the secondary pipe 6. Then, the location and state of water seeping out of the side wall of the well are observed through the camera device 8 (a night vision camera or additional lighting equipment can be used to address lighting issues). The pumping volume is then controlled to keep the water level in the device basically stable. This can be visually observed through the scale lines on the support rod 302. The amount of water pumped out at this time is the flow rate of the water in the well (at this time, it is necessary to ensure that the water level overflows the outlet hole 6011).

[0024] In addition, to reduce the impact on the water source in the well, the upper baffle 301, the lower baffle 303, and the detection plate 401 all adopt a hollow structure.

[0025] like Figure 1 , 3 As shown, the detection device 4 includes a detection disk 401 and detection points 402. The detection disk 401 is uniformly provided with a number of detection point groups along the circumferential direction. The detection point groups include a number of detection points 402 uniformly arranged along the radial direction. The detection disk 401 is detachably mounted on the support rod 302.

[0026] The following methods can be used to measure flow velocity and flow direction: As an example, detection point 402 uses a temperature detection unit. The pumping function is turned off (at this time, the inlet and outlet holes 6011 of the secondary pipe 6 are closed to prevent water accumulation at the bottom of the secondary pipe 6 from affecting subsequent processes). The water level is restored to its original position, and hot water is injected from the main pipe into the secondary pipe 6. The inlet and outlet holes 6011 of one of the secondary pipes 6 are opened, allowing the hot water to flow slowly into it. Detection point 402 on the detection panel 401 records the measured temperature in real time. The flow rate is calculated as follows: V=S / T (S: distance between the detection point where the temperature change first occurs and the guide port; T: time difference between the temperature change at the detection point and the entry of hot water into the guide port). Flow direction: The temperature data recorded by each detection point is analyzed to form three-dimensional data. A three-dimensional model can be established to view the hot water flow pattern. One or more paths connecting several detection points with higher temperatures represent the flow direction.

[0027] As in Example 2, detection point 402 uses a conductivity detection unit. The pumping function is turned off, the water level is restored to its original state, and brine is injected into the main pipe, flowing into the secondary pipe 6. The inlet / outlet port 6011 of one of the secondary pipes 6 is opened, allowing the brine to flow in slowly. Detection point 402 on the detection panel 401 records the measured conductivity in real time. The flow velocity is calculated as follows: V = S / T (S: distance between the detection point where the conductivity change first occurs and the guide port; T: time difference between the conductivity change at the detection point and the brine entering the guide port). Flow direction: The conductivity data recorded by each detection point is analyzed to form three-dimensional data. The brine flow pattern is observed, and one or more paths connecting several detection points with high conductivity represent the flow direction.

[0028] In Examples 1 and 2, if precise measurement is required, the inlet and outlet holes 6011 of multiple secondary pipes 6 can be opened sequentially after the water temperature / conductivity returns to normal, and the average value of multiple measurements can be taken.

[0029] The embodiments described above are merely preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention. Any modifications, alterations, substitutions, or variations made by those skilled in the art to the technical solutions of the present invention without departing from the spirit of the present invention shall fall within the protection scope defined by the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A device for detecting flow velocity, direction, and flow rate in karst formations, characterized in that: It includes the main pipe (1), hollow frame (3), detection device (4), auxiliary pipe (6) and camera device (8); The hollow frame (3) includes an upper baffle (301) and a lower baffle (303). A plurality of support rods (302) are provided circumferentially between the upper baffle (301) and the lower baffle (303). A plurality of auxiliary pipes (6) are provided circumferentially between the upper baffle (301) and the lower baffle (303). A plurality of detection devices (4) are provided between the upper baffle (301) and the lower baffle (303) along the length of the support rod (302); The upper baffle (301) is provided with the main pipe (1) at the top, and the main pipe (1) and the secondary pipe (6) are connected; The bottom of the upper baffle (301) is provided with a camera device (8).

2. The karst formation flow velocity, direction, and flow rate detection device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The upper baffle (301) is provided with a driving component, which engages with the secondary tube (6); the driving component includes a driving external gear ring (10), a driving structure (7), a pressing structure (14) and a lifting structure (11). The upper baffle (301) is provided with an annular cavity (3011), and the driving external gear ring (10) is slidably provided on the inner wall of the annular cavity (3011). The top of the upper baffle (301) is provided with the driving structure (7), and the driving structure (7) engages with the driving external gear ring (10). The secondary tube (6) includes a driven tooth (603), and the annular cavity (3011) is rotatably provided with the driven tooth (603). The driven tooth (603) meshes with the driving external tooth ring (10), and the multiple driven teeth (603) are respectively located on the horizontal planes that increase in height. The lifting structure (11) is provided through the bottom axis of the upper baffle (301), and the lifting structure (11) abuts against the bottom of the drive external gear ring (10); The inner wall of the annular cavity (3011) is uniformly provided with a plurality of grooves (3012) along the circumferential direction. The pressing structure (14) is provided in the groove (3012) and the pressing structure (14) abuts against the top of the drive outer gear ring (10).

3. The karst formation flow velocity, direction, and flow rate detection device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The drive structure (7) includes a drive motor (701), a mechanical seal component (702), and a drive tooth (703). The drive motor (701) is detachably mounted on the top of the upper baffle (301). The output end of the drive motor (701) passes through the upper baffle (301) and is located in the annular cavity (3011). The drive tooth (703) is fixedly mounted at the bottom of the output end of the drive motor (701). The drive tooth (703) meshes with the drive outer tooth ring (10). The mechanical seal component (702) is sleeved on the output end of the drive motor (701).

4. The karst formation flow velocity, direction, and flow rate detection device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The lifting structure (11) includes a lifting plate (1101) and a cylinder (1102). The upper baffle (301) is provided radially from the axis with water channels (3013) adapted to the number of the secondary pipes (6). The water channels (3013) are connected to the annular cavity (3011). The lifting plate (1101) is slidably provided in the water channels (3013). The lifting plate (1101) is fixedly provided at the output end of the cylinder (1102). A mechanical seal component (702) is sleeved on the output end of the cylinder (1102).

5. The karst formation flow velocity, direction, and flow rate detection device according to claim 4, characterized in that: The secondary pipe (6) includes an inner pipe (602) and an outer pipe (601). The outer pipe (601) is provided through the bottom of the upper baffle (301). The outer pipe (601) is connected to the annular cavity (3011). The inner pipe (602) is rotatably provided inside the outer pipe (601). The side wall of the outer pipe (601) is provided with water inlet and outlet holes (6011). The side wall of the inner pipe (602) is provided with a connecting hole adapted to the water inlet and outlet holes (6011).

6. The karst formation flow velocity, direction, and flow rate detection device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The clamping structure (14) includes a clamping plate (1401), a spring (1402), and a guide rod (1403). The guide rod (1403) is vertically arranged in the groove (3012). The clamping plate (1401) is slidably arranged on the guide rod (1403). The bottom of the clamping plate (1401) abuts against the drive external gear ring (10). The spring (1402) is sleeved on the guide rod (1403). The two ends of the spring (1402) are respectively connected to the top of the clamping plate (1401) and the top wall of the groove (3012).

7. The karst formation flow velocity, direction, and flow rate detection device according to claim 4, characterized in that: The detection device (4) includes a detection disk (401) and detection points (402). The detection disk (401) is uniformly provided with a number of detection point groups along the circumferential direction. The detection point group includes a number of detection points (402) uniformly arranged along the radial direction. The detection disk (401) is detachably mounted on the support rod (302).

8. A flow velocity, flow direction, and flow rate detection device for karst formations according to claim 7, characterized in that: The upper baffle (301), the lower baffle (303), and the detection disc (401) all adopt a hollow structure.

9. A flow velocity, direction, and flow rate detection device for karst formations according to claim 1, characterized in that: Airbags (2) are respectively fitted on the upper baffle (301) and the lower baffle (303), and an air pressure detection device is provided inside the airbag (2).

10. A flow velocity, direction, and flow rate detection device for karst formations according to claim 1, characterized in that: The support rod (302) has scale lines along its length.

Images