Dangerous waste incineration flue gas filtering and purifying system and control method

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of flue gas treatment, and particularly relates to a hazardous waste incineration flue gas filtering and purifying system and a control method. The spray tower is provided with a tower body provided with a gas inlet and a gas outlet and is used for carrying out wet purification treatment on flue gas, a spray mechanism and a defoaming mechanism are mounted in the spray tower, and a circulating mechanism is mounted on the side surface of the spray tower; the activated carbon box is connected to the gas outlet and is used for carrying out dry purification treatment on the flue gas; the heat exchanger is connected to the gas inlet and is used for cooling the flue gas entering the spray tower and recycling waste heat; according to the system, flue gas is cooled through the heat exchanger, so that the influence of high temperature on wet-process and dry-process purification effects can be avoided, and waste heat can be effectively recovered; according to the flue gas purification device, the flue gas is subjected to wet purification and dry purification in sequence, various pollutants in the flue gas can be effectively removed, purification comprehensiveness is improved, and the defoaming mechanism can prevent excessive spray water from being carried by the flue gas to affect subsequent dry purification.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The application belongs to the technical field of flue gas treatment, and particularly relates to a hazardous waste incineration flue gas filtering and purifying system and a control method. BACKGROUND

[0002] With the rapid development of social economy, the amount of hazardous waste is increasing. As a common disposal technology, hazardous waste incineration not only realizes reduction and harmlessness, but also causes serious environmental pollution problems, among which flue gas pollution caused by incineration is particularly prominent.

[0003] The flue gas generated after hazardous waste incineration usually contains dust, acid gas, heavy metals and dioxins and other pollutants. The traditional filtering and purifying system is not comprehensive in purifying and treating multiple pollutants, and needs to be improved. SUMMARY

[0004] The purpose of the present application is to provide a hazardous waste incineration flue gas filtering and purifying system and a control method to effectively filter and purify multiple pollutants and improve the comprehensiveness of purification treatment.

[0005] Therefore, the present application provides a hazardous waste incineration flue gas filtering and purifying system, comprising: A spray tower comprising a tower body, and an air inlet and an air outlet are formed on the tower body and used for wet purification treatment of flue gas; An activated carbon tank connected to the air outlet and used for dry purification treatment of flue gas; A heat exchanger connected to the air inlet and used for cooling flue gas entering the spray tower and recycling waste heat; Wherein, the spray tower is provided with a spraying mechanism, a defoaming mechanism installed above the spraying mechanism and a circulating mechanism installed on the side of the spray tower.

[0006] In the above technical solution, further, the spraying mechanism comprises: A spraying pipe installed on the inner wall of the tower body and comprising a main pipe and a sub-pipe connected to the surface of the main pipe, forming a branch structure; A nozzle assembly installed on the bottom surface of the main pipe and the sub-pipe and used for spraying atomized water; A partition plate installed on the inner wall of the tower body and used for dividing the tower body into an upper chamber and a lower chamber, and a plurality of air passages are formed; An air passage cylinder fixed on the partition plate and arranged corresponding to the air passage; Wherein, the nozzle assembly extends into the air passage cylinder, and the defoaming mechanism is installed at the end of the air passage cylinder away from the partition plate.

[0007] In the above technical solution, further, the nozzle assembly comprises: The connecting cylinder is arranged in multiple and is respectively installed on the bottom surface of the main pipe and the sub-pipe; The hollow shaft is coaxially installed in the gas passing cylinder and extends out of the gas passing cylinder at the top end to be connected with the connecting cylinder, and a spiral blade is arranged around the surface of the hollow shaft; The atomizing nozzle is installed on the surface of the hollow shaft and is in communication with the inside of the hollow shaft and is located between two adjacent spiral blades.

[0008] In the above technical solution, further, the nozzle assembly further comprises: The rotary joint is installed between the hollow shaft and the connecting cylinder and is used for the rotational connection between the hollow shaft and the connecting cylinder; The spiral blade can freely rotate under the pushing of the rising flue gas, and the partition plate is provided with a support connected with the bottom end bearing of the hollow shaft.

[0009] In the above technical solution, further: The wall flow gap is formed between the end of the spiral blade away from the shaft center and the inner wall of the gas passing cylinder.

[0010] In the above technical solution, further, the defoaming mechanism comprises: The defoaming net is fixedly connected with the surface of the hollow shaft at one end and is used for synchronous rotation with the hollow shaft, and the other end is provided with a circular ring matched with the gap of the gas passing cylinder.

[0011] In the above technical solution, further, the defoaming mechanism further comprises: The backwashing assembly is connected with the spray pipe and is used for opening the backwashing of the defoaming net when the flue gas stops entering; The flow guide assembly comprises a flow guide pipe in communication with the upper chamber and the lower chamber at two ends and a first valve used for opening and closing the flow guide pipe.

[0012] In the above technical solution, further, the backwashing assembly comprises: The connecting pipe is installed on the side surface of the connecting cylinder and is in communication with the spray pipe through the connecting cylinder; The second valve is installed on the connecting pipe and is used for controlling the opening and closing of the connecting pipe; The flushing nozzle is installed on the connecting pipe.

[0013] In the above technical solution, further: The lower chamber of the tower body is provided with a liquid outlet, and the circulating mechanism comprises a circulating pump in communication with the liquid inlet and the liquid outlet and in communication with the spray pipe at the liquid outlet end, and a sampling port and a sampling valve installed on the sampling port are arranged between the circulating pump and the tower body; The lower chamber is provided with a filter screen, the filter screen is located below the air inlet and above the liquid outlet, a discharge pipe is connected in parallel with the liquid outlet end of the circulating pump, and a guide pipe is connected in parallel with the inlet end of the spray pipe.

[0014] The application provides a control method of a hazardous waste incineration flue gas filtering and purifying system, which comprises the following steps: S1: introducing the hazardous waste incineration flue gas into a heat exchanger for temperature reduction, and recycling the residual heat carried by the flue gas; S2: introducing the flue gas after temperature reduction into a spray tower for wet purification, and opening a spraying mechanism at the same time; S3: the flue gas rising in the spray tower drives the spiral blades to rotate, and then drives the hollow shaft to rotate, so that the flue gas rises spirally in the gas passing cylinder, and the atomizing nozzle rotates with the hollow shaft and sprays the spraying water along the radial direction of the gas passing cylinder; S4: the flue gas after gas-liquid contact is discharged from the gas outlet through the defoaming mechanism defoaming port, and the spraying water after gas-liquid contact falls from the bottom end of the gas passing cylinder and is discharged from the liquid outlet through the filter screen; S5: the flue gas discharged from the gas outlet enters the activated carbon tank for dry purification, and the spraying water discharged from the liquid outlet is re-delivered to the spraying pipe by the circulating pump; S6: whether the spraying water is effective is obtained through the sampling valve, if not, the gas inlet is closed, and the spraying water is discharged from the discharge pipe, and then new spraying water is introduced from the introduction pipe; S7: when the gas output at the gas outlet is obviously reduced, the gas inlet is closed, and the backwashing component is opened to backwash the defoaming screen.

[0015] The application has the following beneficial effects: 1. The heat exchanger is used to reduce the temperature of the flue gas, which can avoid the influence of high temperature on the effects of wet purification and dry purification, and can effectively recycle the residual heat; then the flue gas is sequentially subjected to wet purification and dry purification, so that various pollutants contained in the flue gas are effectively purified, the comprehensiveness of flue gas purification is improved, and the defoaming mechanism can also avoid too much spraying water being carried by the flue gas and affecting the subsequent dry purification.

[0016] 2. The flue gas is guided to pass through the gas passing cylinder through the setting of the partition plate and the gas passing cylinder, and the nozzle assembly is extended into the gas passing cylinder, so that the flue gas entering the tower body can be effectively purified, the escape of the flue gas is avoided, and the defoaming mechanism on the gas passing cylinder can effectively intercept the spraying water of the flue gas.

[0017] 3. By the arrangement of the spiral blades, the residence time of the flue gas in the gas passing cylinder is increased, the contact between the gas and the liquid is ensured, the purification effect is improved, and the flue gas rises spirally, which can increase the disturbance and further improve the contact effect to improve the purification effect. Meanwhile, the atomizing nozzle is arranged on the surface of the hollow shaft between two adjacent spiral blades, which can make the atomizing nozzle rotate to improve the uniformity of the spraying in the gas passing cylinder, and further improve the disturbance effect to enhance the gas-liquid mixing and contact effect and improve the purification effect. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0018] Figure 1 is a structural schematic diagram of the present application; Figure 2 is a structural schematic diagram of the spray tower of the present application; Figure 3 is a top view of the spray tower of the present application; Figure 4 is a sectional view of A-A in the present application; Figure 3 Figure 5 is an enlarged view of B in the present application; Figure 4 Figure 6 is a structural schematic diagram of the spraying mechanism of the present application; Figure 7 is an exploded view of the spraying mechanism of the present application; The marks in the figure are as follows: 1, tower body; 10, upper chamber; 11, lower chamber; 2, gas inlet; 3, gas outlet; 4, spraying mechanism; 40, spraying pipe; 400, main pipe; 401, sub-pipe; 41, nozzle assembly; 410, connecting cylinder; 411, hollow shaft; 412, spiral blade; 413, atomizing nozzle; 414, rotary joint; 415, support; 416, wall flow gap; 42, partition plate; 43, gas passing port; 44, gas passing cylinder; 5, demisting mechanism; 50, demisting net; 51, circular ring; 52, backwashing assembly; 520, connecting pipe; 521, second valve; 522, flushing nozzle; 53, flow guiding assembly; 530, flow guiding pipe; 531, first valve; 6, circulating mechanism; 7, liquid outlet; 8, circulating pump; 9, filter screen; 12, sampling valve; 13, discharge pipe; 14, inlet pipe; 100, spray tower; 200, activated carbon tank; 300, heat exchanger. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0019] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be clearly described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present application. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present application, rather than all the embodiments of the present application. Based on the embodiments in the present application, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art belong to the scope of protection of the present application. ​​

[0020] Embodiment 1: The embodiment provides a hazardous waste incineration flue gas filtering and purifying system, which comprises: The spray tower 100 comprises a tower body 1, and an air inlet 2 and an air outlet 3 are formed in the tower body 1 and used for wet purification treatment of flue gas. The activated carbon box 200 is connected to the air outlet 3 and used for dry purification treatment of flue gas. The heat exchanger 300 is connected to the air inlet 2 and used for cooling flue gas entering the spray tower 100 and recycling waste heat. The spray tower 100 is provided with a spraying mechanism 4, a defoaming mechanism 5 arranged above the spraying mechanism 4 and a circulating mechanism 6 arranged on the side of the spray tower 100. Meanwhile, the specific structures of the heat exchanger 300 and the activated carbon box 200 are mature technologies, which can be known by those skilled in the art from traditional heat exchangers 300 and activated carbon boxes 200, and will not be described here.

[0021] As can be seen from the embodiment, the heat exchanger 300 is used for cooling flue gas first, which can avoid the influence of high temperature on the effects of wet purification and dry purification, and can effectively recycle waste heat; then the flue gas is subjected to wet purification and dry purification in sequence, so that various pollutants contained in the flue gas can be effectively purified, the comprehensiveness of flue gas purification is improved, and the defoaming mechanism 5 can also avoid too much spraying water from being carried by flue gas and affecting subsequent dry purification.

[0022] Embodiment 2: The embodiment provides a hazardous waste incineration flue gas filtering and purifying system, which comprises the technical scheme of the above embodiment and the following technical features. The spraying pipe 40 is arranged on the inner wall of the tower body 1 and comprises a main pipe 400 and a sub-pipe 401 connected to the surface of the main pipe 400 and forming a tree branch structure. The nozzle assembly 41 is arranged on the bottom surface of the main pipe 400 and the sub-pipe 401 and used for spraying atomized spraying water. The partition plate 42 is arranged on the inner wall of the tower body 1 and used for dividing the tower body 1 into an upper chamber 10 and a lower chamber 11, and a plurality of air passages 43 are formed in the partition plate 42. The air passage cylinder body 44 is fixed to the partition plate 42 and arranged in correspondence with the air passage 43. The nozzle assembly 41 extends into the air passage cylinder body 44, and the defoaming mechanism 5 is arranged at the end of the air passage cylinder body 44 away from the partition plate 42.

[0023] It can be seen from the embodiment that by arranging the partition plate 42 and the gas passing cylinder body 44, the flue gas is guided to pass through the gas passing cylinder body 44, and the nozzle assembly 41 is extended into the gas passing cylinder body 44, so that the flue gas entering the tower body 1 can be effectively purified, and the escape of the flue gas is avoided, and the demisting mechanism 5 on the gas passing cylinder body 44 can effectively intercept the spraying water of the flue gas; At the same time, the spraying pipe 40 is arranged as the main pipe 400 and the sub-pipes 401 on the surface of the main pipe 400, and forms a branch structure, which can effectively ensure the uniformity of the distribution of the nozzle assembly 41 on the radial plane of the tower body 1.

[0024] Embodiment 3: The embodiment provides a hazardous waste incineration flue gas filtering and purifying system, in addition to the technical solutions of the above-mentioned embodiments, further has the following technical features, the nozzle assembly 41 comprises: The connecting cylinder body 410 is arranged in multiple and is arranged at the bottom surface of the main pipe 400 and the sub-pipe 401 respectively; The hollow shaft 411 is coaxially arranged in the gas passing cylinder body 44, and the top end extends out of the gas passing cylinder body 44 and is connected with the connecting cylinder body 410, and a spiral blade 412 is arranged around the surface; The atomizing nozzle 413 is arranged on the surface of the hollow shaft 411 and communicates with the inside of the hollow shaft 411, and is located between every two adjacent spiral blades 412; The top end of the hollow shaft 411 is open, and the bottom end is closed.

[0025] It can be seen from the embodiment that by arranging the spiral blade 412, the residence time of the flue gas in the gas passing cylinder body 44 is increased, the contact between the gas and the liquid is ensured, and the purification effect is improved; The flue gas can be spirally lifted, the disturbance can be increased, the contact effect is further improved, the purification effect is improved, the atomizing nozzle 413 is arranged on the surface of the hollow shaft 411 between every two adjacent spiral blades 412, on one hand, the atomizing nozzle 413 can rotate, the uniformity of spraying in the gas passing cylinder body 44 is improved, and on the other hand, the disturbance effect can be further improved, the gas-liquid mixing contact effect is enhanced, and the purification effect is improved.

[0026] Embodiment 4: The embodiment provides a hazardous waste incineration flue gas filtering and purifying system, in addition to the technical solutions of the above-mentioned embodiments, further has the following technical features, the nozzle assembly 41 further comprises: The rotating joint 414 is arranged between the hollow shaft 411 and the connecting cylinder body 410 and is used for the rotational connection between the hollow shaft 411 and the connecting cylinder body 410; The helical blade 412 can rotate freely under the push of the rising flue gas, and the partition plate 42 is provided with a support 415 connected with the bottom end bearing of the hollow shaft 411. Meanwhile, the specific structure of the rotary joint 414 is a mature technology, and in order to facilitate the sealed connection of the rotary joint 414, the two ends of the rotary joint 414 can be provided with threaded ends, which can be known by those skilled in the art from the traditional rotary joint 414 and the connection mode, and will not be described here.

[0027] It can be seen from the embodiment that by providing the rotary joint 414, the spray pipe 40 can deliver spray water to the hollow shaft 411 while facilitating the rotary connection between the hollow shaft 411 and the spray pipe 40, avoiding limiting the rotation of the helical blade 412, and the support 415 can improve the stability of the installation and rotation of the hollow shaft 411. And it is worth mentioning that while the helical blade 412 rotates, assuming that the helical blade 412 is a right-handed blade, it will rotate clockwise (from the perspective of looking up) under the push of the rising flue gas, and the falling dust and atomized liquid droplets will generate a counterclockwise resisting moment (from the perspective of looking up) due to the relative motion with the clockwise rotating (from the perspective of looking up) helical blade 412, and the rising flue gas is given kinetic energy by the induced draft fan, that is, the induced draft fan will reserve sufficient wind pressure margin when designed to overcome the system comprehensive resistance, including the resisting moment generated by the relative motion of the falling dust and atomized liquid droplets with the helical blade 412, the flue gas flow resistance, etc., to maintain the flue gas flow and push the helical blade 412 to rotate, that is, the helical blade 412 is mainly driven to rotate by the rising flue gas. Then, because the helical blade 412 is pushed by the flue gas, the thrust of the helical blade 412 is weak, so that the liquid film formed by the dust and atomized liquid droplets on the surface of the helical blade 412 has a tendency to slide downward as a whole, but at the same time, the shear force formed by the dust and liquid film on the helical blade 412 will disturb the static adhesion between the dust, liquid film and the surface of the helical blade 412, thereby reducing the possibility of dust adhesion and accumulation on the helical blade 412, and the liquid film formed by the atomized liquid droplets on the surface of the helical blade 412 has a self-cleaning effect on the dust, further avoiding dust accumulation on the helical blade 412, prolonging the maintenance cycle and service life.

[0028] Embodiment 5: The embodiment provides a hazardous waste incineration flue gas filtering and purifying system, which further has the following technical features in addition to the technical solutions of the above-mentioned embodiments. The helical blade 412 is away from the axis, and the inner wall of the gas passing cylinder 44 forms a wall flow gap 416.

[0029] It can be seen from the embodiment that, through the wall flow gap 416 formed between the spiral blade 412 and the inner wall of the gas passing cylinder 44, part of the atomized spray water is directly sprayed to the inner wall of the cylinder, or is splashed and attached to the inner wall after passing through the spiral blade 412, and a downward flowing liquid film is formed at the wall flow gap 416. On the one hand, the liquid film at the wall flow gap 416 can partially fill the gap space, increase the resistance of the flue gas flowing through, thereby reducing the flue gas that does not contact the spray water directly rising along the gap, and on the other hand, the inner wall of the gas passing cylinder 44 can be self-cleaned, reducing the adhesion of dust to the inner wall of the gas passing cylinder 44, thereby avoiding the possibility of jamming of the spiral blade 412 caused by dust adhesion.

[0030] Embodiment 6: The embodiment provides a hazardous waste incineration flue gas filtering and purifying system, in addition to the technical solutions of the above-mentioned embodiments, further has the following technical features, the demulsification mechanism 5 comprises: The demulsification net 50 is fixedly connected with the surface of the hollow shaft 411 at one end and is used for rotating synchronously with the hollow shaft 411, and the other end is provided with a circular ring 51 matched with the gas passing cylinder 44 in a gap; The circular ring 51 can be made of a material with low friction resistance and corrosion resistance, such as polytetrafluoroethylene.

[0031] It can be seen from the embodiment that, through the setting of the demulsification net 50, the flue gas after gas-liquid contact needs to pass through the demulsification net 50 before it comes out of the gas passing cylinder 44, which can effectively intercept dust and liquid drops and avoid carrying of the flue gas when it is discharged. The demulsification net 50 rotates with the hollow shaft 411, which can shake off the liquid drops on the demulsification net 50, reduce the air passing resistance of the demulsification net 50, and effectively reduce the influence of the air permeability caused by the adhesion of too many liquid drops.

[0032] Embodiment 7: The embodiment provides a hazardous waste incineration flue gas filtering and purifying system, in addition to the technical solutions of the above-mentioned embodiments, further has the following technical features, the demulsification mechanism 5 further comprises: The backwashing assembly 52 is connected to the spray pipe 40 and is used for opening backwashing of the demulsification net 50 when the flue gas stops entering; The flow guide assembly 53 comprises a flow guide pipe 530 communicating the upper chamber 10 and the lower chamber 11 at two ends and a first valve 531 used for opening and closing the flow guide pipe 530; The first valve 531 can be automatic or manual, both of which are conventional choices, and details are not repeated here.

[0033] It can be seen from the embodiment that the setting of the backwashing assembly 52 can effectively clean the demisting net 50 when too much dust adheres to the demisting net 50, prolonging the service life of the demisting net 50, and the flow guide assembly 53 can guide the spray water washed to the baffle 42 of the upper chamber 10 into the lower chamber 11, ensuring the recycling and recycling of the spray water and improving the utilization rate.

[0034] Embodiment 8: The embodiment provides a hazardous waste incineration flue gas filtering and purifying system, in addition to the technical solutions of the above-mentioned embodiments, further has the following technical features, the backwashing assembly 52 includes: The connecting pipe 520 is installed on the side of the connecting cylinder 410 and communicates with the spray pipe 40 through the connecting cylinder 410; The second valve 521 is installed on the connecting pipe 520 and is used to control the opening and closing of the connecting pipe 520; The flushing nozzle 522 is installed on the connecting pipe 520; The second valve 521 can adopt an automatic control valve, for example, an electromagnetic valve, which is a mature technology and a conventional choice for remotely automatically controlling the opening and closing of the second valve 521 in the technical field, and details are not described herein.

[0035] It can be seen from the embodiment that the flushing nozzle 522 is communicated with the spray pipe 40 through the connecting pipe 520, so that when backwashing of the demisting net 50 is needed, the second valve 521 is only needed to be opened after the flue gas is introduced and closed, which is simple to operate, and not only the demisting net 50 can be flushed, but also the liquid film can be formed on the inner wall of the spiral blade 412 and the air passing cylinder 44 by the atomizing nozzle 413, so that the surface of the two is cleaned, effectively prolonging the maintenance period and service life.

[0036] Embodiment 9: The embodiment provides a hazardous waste incineration flue gas filtering and purifying system, in addition to the technical solutions of the above-mentioned embodiments, further has the following technical features: The lower chamber 11 of the tower body 1 is provided with a liquid outlet 7, and the circulating mechanism 6 includes a circulating pump 8 connected with the liquid inlet and the liquid outlet 7, and the liquid outlet of the circulating pump 8 is communicated with the spray pipe 40, and a sampling port and a sampling valve 12 installed on the sampling port are arranged between the circulating pump 8 and the tower body 1; The lower chamber 11 is provided with a filter screen 9, the filter screen 9 is located below the air inlet 2 and above the liquid outlet 7, a discharge pipe 13 is connected in parallel with the liquid outlet of the circulating pump 8, and a guide pipe 14 is connected in parallel with the inlet end of the spray pipe 40; Meanwhile, the specific structure of the circulating pump 8, the sampling valve 12 and the filter screen 9 is a mature technology, and a device with corrosion resistance can be selected by a person skilled in the art according to the application scene, and details are not described herein.

[0037] The embodiment can be seen that the spray water filtered by the filter screen 9 in the lower chamber 11 is introduced into the spray pipe 40 by the circulating pump 8, thereby effectively improving the utilization rate of the spray water, and the discharge pipe 13 and the introduction pipe 14 facilitate the replacement of the circulating spray water, thereby improving the convenience.

[0038] Embodiment 10: The embodiment provides a control method of a hazardous waste incineration flue gas filtration and purification system, which comprises the following steps: S1: introducing the hazardous waste incineration flue gas into the heat exchanger 300 for temperature reduction, and recycling the residual heat carried by the flue gas; S2: introducing the flue gas after temperature reduction into the spray tower 100 for wet purification, and opening the spray mechanism 4; S3: the flue gas rising in the spray tower 100 drives the spiral blade 412 to rotate, thereby driving the hollow shaft 411 to rotate, so that the flue gas rises in the spiral way in the gas passing cylinder body 44, and the atomizing nozzle 413 rotates with the hollow shaft 411 and sprays the spray water along the radial direction of the gas passing cylinder body 44; S4: the flue gas after gas-liquid contact is discharged from the gas outlet 3 through the defoaming mechanism 5, the spray water after gas-liquid contact falls from the bottom end of the gas passing cylinder body 44 and is discharged from the liquid outlet 7 through the filter screen 9; S5: the flue gas discharged from the gas outlet 3 enters the activated carbon box 200 for dry purification, and the spray water discharged from the liquid outlet 7 is re-delivered to the spray pipe 40 by the circulating pump 8; S6: whether the spray water is effective is obtained through the sampling valve 12, if not, the gas inlet 2 is closed, the spray water is discharged from the discharge pipe 13, and then new spray water is introduced from the introduction pipe 14; S7: when the gas output at the gas outlet 3 is obviously reduced, the gas inlet 2 is closed, and the backwashing assembly 52 is opened to backwash the defoaming screen 50.

[0039] The embodiment can be seen that the heat exchanger 300 is used to reduce the temperature of the flue gas, which can avoid the influence of high temperature on the effects of wet purification and dry purification, and can effectively recycle the residual heat; then the flue gas is sequentially subjected to wet purification and dry purification, so that various pollutants contained in the flue gas can be effectively purified, the comprehensiveness of flue gas purification is improved, and the defoaming mechanism 5 can also avoid too much spray water from being carried by the flue gas, thereby affecting the subsequent dry purification; And, during the spraying, the gas passing cylinder body 44 and the spiral blade 412 are arranged to ensure the uniform spraying of the flue gas and prolong the gas-liquid contact time, and the rotating spiral blade 412, the defoaming mechanism 5 and the backwashing assembly 52 can effectively avoid the influence of liquid droplets on the flue gas passage and improve the interception and cleaning effect of dust, thereby prolonging the service life.

[0040] The embodiments of the present application are described above with reference to the accompanying drawings, and the embodiments and features in the present application can be combined with each other without conflict, and the present application is not limited to the above-described specific embodiments, and the above-described specific embodiments are only illustrative but not restrictive, and a person of ordinary skill in the art can make many forms under the inspiration of the present application without departing from the purpose of the present application and the scope protected by the claims, and all belong to the protection of the present application.

Claims

1. A hazardous waste incineration flue gas filtration and purification system, characterized by, The utility model relates to a hazardous waste incineration flue gas filtering and purifying system, including: a spray tower (100) comprising a tower body (1) having an air inlet (2) and an air outlet (3) formed on the tower body (1) and used for wet purification treatment of flue gas; an activated carbon tank (200) connected to the air outlet (3) and used for dry purification treatment of flue gas; a heat exchanger (300) connected to the air inlet (2) and used for cooling flue gas entering the spray tower (100) and recycling waste heat. The spray tower (100) is provided with a spraying mechanism (4), a demisting mechanism (5) installed above the spraying mechanism (4), and a circulating mechanism (6) installed on the side of the spray tower (100).

2. The hazardous waste incineration flue gas filtration and purification system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The spraying mechanism (4) comprises: a spraying pipe (40) installed on the inner wall of the tower body (1) and comprising a main pipe (400) and a sub-pipe (401) connected to the surface of the main pipe (400) and forming a tree branch structure; a nozzle assembly (41) installed on the bottom surface of the main pipe (400) and the sub-pipe (401) and used for spraying atomized water; a partition (42) installed on the inner wall of the tower body (1) and used for dividing the tower body (1) into an upper chamber (10) and a lower chamber (11) and having a plurality of air passages (43) formed therein; an air passage cylinder (44) fixed to the partition (42) and arranged correspondingly to the air passages (43); The nozzle assembly (41) extends into the air passage cylinder (44), and the demisting mechanism (5) is installed at the end of the air passage cylinder (44) away from the partition (42).

3. The hazardous waste incineration flue gas filtration and purification system according to claim 2, characterized in that, The nozzle assembly (41) comprises: a plurality of connecting cylinders (410) installed on the bottom surface of the main pipe (400) and the sub-pipe (401) respectively; a hollow shaft (411) coaxially installed in the air passage cylinder (44) and having a top end extending out of the air passage cylinder (44) and connected to the connecting cylinder (410) and having a spiral blade (412) circumferentially arranged on the surface thereof; an atomized nozzle (413) installed on the surface of the hollow shaft (411) and in communication with the inside of the hollow shaft (411) and located between two adjacent spiral blades (412).

4. The hazardous waste incineration flue gas filtration and purification system according to claim 3, characterized in that, The nozzle assembly (41) further comprises: a rotary joint (414) installed between the hollow shaft (411) and the connecting cylinder (410) and used for rotational connection between the hollow shaft (411) and the connecting cylinder (410); The spiral blade (412) can freely rotate under the push of the rising flue gas, and the partition (42) is provided with a support (415) connected to the bottom end bearing of the hollow shaft (411).

5. The hazardous waste incineration flue gas filtering and purifying system according to claim 4, wherein: an end of the spiral blade (412) away from the shaft center and the inner wall of the air passage cylinder (44) form a wall flow gap (416).

6. The hazardous waste incineration flue gas filtration and purification system according to claim 4, characterized in that, The demisting mechanism (5) comprises: a demisting net (50) fixedly connected to the surface of the hollow shaft (411) at one end and used for synchronous rotation with the hollow shaft (411), and having a circular ring (51) arranged at the other end and in gap cooperation with the air passage cylinder (44).

7. The hazardous waste incineration flue gas filtration and purification system according to claim 6, characterized in that, The demisting mechanism (5) further comprises: A backwashing assembly (52) is connected to the spray pipe (40) and used to open the backwashing of the demisting net (50) when the flue gas stops entering; A flow guide assembly (53) includes a flow guide pipe (530) communicating with the upper chamber (10) and the lower chamber (11) respectively and a first valve (531) used to open and close the flow guide pipe (530).

8. The hazardous waste incineration flue gas filtration and purification system according to claim 7, characterized in that, The backwashing assembly (52) includes: A connecting pipe (520) is installed on the side of the connecting cylinder (410) and communicates with the spray pipe (40) through the connecting cylinder (410); A second valve (521) is installed on the connecting pipe (520) and used to control the opening and closing of the connecting pipe (520); A washing nozzle (522) is installed on the connecting pipe (520).

9. The hazardous waste incineration flue gas filtering and purifying system according to claim 2, characterized in that: The lower chamber (11) of the tower body (1) is provided with a liquid outlet (7), and the circulating mechanism (6) includes a circulating pump (8) having a liquid inlet end communicating with the liquid outlet (7) and a liquid outlet end communicating with the spray pipe (40), and a sampling port and a sampling valve (12) installed on the sampling port are arranged between the circulating pump (8) and the tower body (1); The lower chamber (11) is provided with a filter screen (9), the filter screen (9) is located below the gas inlet (2) and above the liquid outlet (7), a discharge pipe (13) is connected in parallel to the liquid outlet end of the circulating pump (8), and a guide pipe (14) is connected in parallel to the inlet end of the spray pipe (40).

10. A control method applied to the hazardous waste incineration flue gas filtration and purification system according to any one of claims 1-9, characterized in that, The method includes the following steps: S1: The hazardous waste incineration flue gas is guided into the heat exchanger (300) for cooling, and the residual heat carried by the flue gas is recycled; S2: The cooled flue gas is introduced into the spray tower (100) from the gas inlet (2) for wet purification, and the spraying mechanism (4) is opened; S3: The flue gas rising in the spray tower (100) drives the helical blade (412) to rotate, thereby driving the hollow shaft (411) to rotate, so that the flue gas rises spirally in the gas passing cylinder (44), and the atomizing nozzle (413) rotates with the hollow shaft (411) and sprays the spraying water along the radial direction of the gas passing cylinder (44); S4: The flue gas after gas-liquid contact is discharged from the gas outlet (3) through the demisting port of the demisting mechanism (5), and the spraying water after gas-liquid contact falls out from the bottom end of the gas passing cylinder (44) and is discharged from the liquid outlet (7) through the filter screen (9); S5: The flue gas discharged from the gas outlet (3) enters the activated carbon tank (200) for dry purification, and the spraying water discharged from the liquid outlet (7) is re-delivered to the spray pipe (40) by the circulating pump (8); S6: Whether the spraying water is effective is obtained through the sampling valve (12), if not, the gas inlet (2) is closed, the spraying water is discharged from the discharge pipe (13), and then new spraying water is introduced from the guide pipe (14); S7: When the gas output at the gas outlet (3) is significantly reduced, the gas inlet (2) is closed, and the backwashing assembly (52) is opened to backwash the demisting net (50).

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