Suspended support construction system for dangerous rock monomer blasting

Abstract

The invention discloses a suspended support construction system for dangerous rock monomer blasting, which belongs to the technical field of geological disaster prevention and control engineering devices and comprises a single cantilever mechanism, a vertical connecting mechanism, a transverse moving mechanism, a counterweight mechanism, a drilling position adjusting mechanism and a drilling mechanism. The two ends of a top beam of the single cantilever mechanism are supported on the dangerous rock single body and the top of the main mountain body to provide main support. And the cross beam is suspended below the top beam by the vertical connecting mechanism. An upper strip rail and a lower strip rail are arranged on the cross beam, and a counterweight trolley of the counterweight mechanism moves along the upper strip rail to dynamically balance system torque; a transverse moving trolley of the drilling position adjusting mechanism drives the drilling mechanism to move along the lower rail, and the drilling position is adjusted. Suspended installation is carried out through the dangerous rock terrain, a bottom operation platform is not needed, overturning is effectively resisted through the counterweight system, safe, stable and efficient regional drilling operation on the side face of the bottom of the dangerous rock single body is achieved, and the problem of mechanical drilling of the special portion is solved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the technical field of geological disaster prevention and control engineering devices, specifically relating to a suspended support construction system for blasting dangerous rock boulders. Background Technology

[0002] A single unstable rock mass refers to an isolated rock mass that has separated from the main mountain due to geological structure or weathering and is in an unstable state. Its collapse often poses a serious threat to personnel, facilities, and the environment below. To eliminate such hazards, proactive remediation methods such as blasting are often required. The prerequisite for blasting is drilling charging holes in the unstable rock mass, especially horizontal or inclined holes on its bottom side, to achieve precise fragmentation or disintegration through internal charging. However, unstable rock masses are often located in steep terrain, with their tops often being pointed, narrow, or inclined, while their bottoms are often suspended or on a negative slope, resulting in extremely limited working space and extremely high construction difficulty and risk.

[0003] Currently, drilling operations targeting unstable rock formations mainly rely on manual scaffolding or large mechanical platforms, but these methods have significant limitations. Scaffolding construction requires support points from the unstable rock and surrounding mountains, which is not only time-consuming and labor-intensive but also difficult to implement in steep cliff areas without stable foundations. Large drilling rigs require high-capacity, flatness, and sufficient space for the working platform, but the bottom of unstable rock formations often lacks sufficient mounting surface, making it impossible to position the equipment. Even if installation is forced, problems such as poor stability, limited adjustment range, and susceptibility to terrain interference exist, making it difficult to complete the requirement of bottom lateral drilling. Therefore, existing technology still lacks a dedicated device that can adapt to the special terrain of unstable rock formations and achieve safe, stable, and efficient drilling. Summary of the Invention

[0004] In view of the shortcomings of the prior art described above, the purpose of this invention is to provide a suspended support construction system for blasting single unstable rocks, which can adapt to the special terrain of unstable rocks and achieve safe, stable and efficient drilling.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution: The present invention includes a single cantilever beam mechanism, a vertical connection mechanism, a horizontal movement mechanism, a counterweight mechanism, a drill position adjustment mechanism, and a drilling mechanism; The single cantilever beam mechanism includes a top beam, the two ends of which are fixed between the unstable rock mass and the main mountain body; The lateral movement mechanism includes a crossbeam located below the top beam and perpendicular to the top beam. Two rails are provided on the crossbeam, arranged vertically above and below each other, with the extension direction of the rails parallel to the extension direction of the crossbeam. The upper end of the vertical connecting mechanism is connected to the top beam, and the lower end is fixedly connected to the middle position of the top side of the cross beam. The counterweight mechanism includes a counterweight vehicle, which is movably mounted on the upper rail via the counterweight vehicle; The drilling position adjustment mechanism includes a traverse trolley, which is movably mounted on the lower rail via the traverse trolley. The drilling mechanism is installed on the drilling position adjustment mechanism. The drilling mechanism adjusts the drilling position through the drilling position adjustment mechanism and drills holes to the bottom side of the unstable rock mass.

[0006] Optionally, the lateral movement mechanism further includes a chain drive assembly, which includes two chain teeth and a chain that surrounds the two chain teeth and is driven by the chain teeth. The two chain teeth are respectively rotatably disposed inside the two ends of the crossbeam. The chain is distributed in the upper and lower rails. The upper chain is fixedly connected to the counterweight car, and the lower chain is fixedly connected to the lateral movement car.

[0007] Optionally, the lateral movement mechanism further includes a tensioning assembly, which includes a threaded post, a traction shaft, and a tensioning spring. The tensioning assembly is installed inside one end of the crossbeam. The two ends of the tensioning spring are fixedly connected to the threaded post and the traction shaft, respectively. The threaded post is threadedly connected to the end of the crossbeam and passes through the end of the crossbeam. The chain teeth located at the same end of the crossbeam are rotatably mounted on the traction shaft.

[0008] Optionally, the counterweight mechanism further includes two counterweight components, each including a connecting top seat and several counterweight blocks. The counterweight blocks are arranged vertically and fixed to the lower side of the connecting top seat. The two connecting top seats are respectively fixedly connected to the counterweight vehicle and are located on the front and rear sides of the crossbeam.

[0009] Optionally, the vertical connection mechanism includes a vertical rail, a moving component, and a climbing component. The moving component is movably disposed along the top beam, the climbing component is fixed at the top of the moving component, the vertical rail moves vertically under the drive of the climbing component, and the lower end of the vertical rail is fixedly connected to the crossbeam.

[0010] Optionally, the top beam has two beams that are fixedly connected side by side. The moving component includes an upper seat, rollers, a connecting column, and a lower seat. The rollers are rotatably mounted on the bottom of the upper seat and are driven by a motor to roll on the upper end of the top beam. The upper end of the connecting column is fixedly connected to the upper seat, and the lower end is fixedly connected to the lower seat. The connecting column is located between the two top beams. The climbing component is fixed to the top of the upper seat.

[0011] Optionally, the vertical rail includes two vertical rails, with the upper end of the vertical rails fixedly connected and the lower end fixed to the crossbeam. The climbing assembly is simultaneously moved on the vertical rails by a motor drive, and the upper seat and lower seat are slidably mounted on the vertical rails.

[0012] Optionally, the single cantilever beam mechanism further includes two side fixing components, which are respectively disposed at both ends of the top beam. Each side fixing component includes a fixing plate, a fixing pin, and a rotating connecting plate. The rotating connecting plate is fixed to the side of the fixing plate and is rotatably connected to the end of the top beam, so that the rotation axis of the fixing plate is perpendicular to the extension direction of the top beam and parallel to the horizontal plane. The fixing pin passes through the fixing plate, fixing the fixing plates at both ends of the top beam to the unstable rock mass and the side wall of the main mountain, respectively.

[0013] Optionally, the drilling position adjustment mechanism further includes a vertical rail base and a vertical moving vehicle. The vertical rail base includes a vertical plate, a top plate, and a bottom plate. There are two vertical plates, which are arranged alternately. The top plate is fixedly connected to the top of the vertical plate, and the bottom plate is fixedly connected to the bottom of the vertical plate, so that the vertical rail base has a square frame structure. The top plate is rotated by a motor and is located at the bottom of the horizontal moving vehicle. The vertical moving vehicle is moved between the two vertical plates. The drilling mechanism includes a drilling track, a drilling carriage, and a drill bit. The drilling carriage is movably mounted on the drilling track, and the drill bit is rotatably mounted on the drilling carriage by a motor. The bottom middle part of the drilling track is rotatably mounted on a vertical rail base, and the axis of rotation of the drilling track is parallel to the horizontal plane. Two bearing plates are fixedly mounted on the top of the vertical moving carriage, and the drilling track is rotatably mounted between the two bearing plates. The drill position adjustment mechanism also includes two supporting hydraulic cylinders, which are located on both sides of the rotating axis of the drilling track. One end of each supporting hydraulic cylinder is hinged to the top of the moving carriage, and the other end is hinged to the bottom of the drilling track.

[0014] Optionally, the drilling mechanism further includes a positioning hydraulic cylinder and a positioning column. The end face of the drilling track away from the drilling direction of the drill bit is opened into a countersunk hole. The positioning hydraulic cylinder is fixed at the bottom of the countersunk hole. The positioning column is slidably disposed in the countersunk hole under the support of the positioning hydraulic cylinder. When drilling a single dangerous rock, the positioning column extends out of the countersunk hole and abuts against the main mountain body. The drilling mechanism also includes a support plate, elastic support pins and ejector pins. There are multiple ejector pins distributed on the surface of the support plate. A connecting shaft is fixedly provided on the back of the support plate. A ball seat is fixedly provided at the end of the connecting shaft. The ball seat is rotatably provided at the end of the positioning column. There are multiple elastic support pins arranged in an array around the end of the positioning column. The elastic support pins extend from the end of the positioning column and abut against the back of the support plate. The ejector pin includes a needle body and a support spring. The needle body is slidably disposed within the support plate, and the support spring is supported between the needle body and the support plate.

[0015] The beneficial effects of this invention are as follows: it utilizes the terrain features between the unstable rock mass and the main mountain for suspended installation and operation. The device uses a single-beam mechanism to directly support both ends of the top beam on the unstable rock mass and the top of the main mountain. Since the top of the unstable rock mass is often pointed or narrow, this single-beam support method exhibits strong terrain adaptability compared to traditional equipment that requires a large, flat landing area, eliminating the need to find an installation platform that doesn't even exist at the bottom of the unstable rock mass. After installation, the crossbeam is suspended in the air between the bottom of the unstable rock mass and the mountain through a vertical connecting mechanism, creating a stable aerial working base for drilling operations. To ensure the absolute stability of this suspended system, its counterweight mechanism, through the movement of the counterweight car on the upper rail, can dynamically balance the torque changes generated by the lateral movement of the drilling mechanism and during operation, effectively resisting the risk of overturning and ensuring that the entire system under single-point top beam support maintains good balance. Based on this, the drilling position adjustment mechanism drives the drilling mechanism to move along the lower rail, thereby ultimately realizing regional, stable and efficient multi-position drilling operations on the bottom and side of the dangerous rock mass, solving the long-standing problem that mechanical drilling could not be carried out in this special location in the past.

[0016] Other advantages, objectives, and features of the invention will be set forth in the following description and will be apparent to those skilled in the art in some respects, or may be learned by practice of the invention. The objectives and other advantages of the invention can be realized and obtained through the following description. Attached Figure Description

[0017] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and beneficial effects of this invention clearer, the following figures are provided for illustration: Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the overall structure of an embodiment of the invention is provided below; Figure 2 for Figure 1 Enlarged view of point A; Figure 3 A cross-sectional view of the beam in an embodiment of the invention; Figure 4 Therefore, embodiments of the invention Figure 3 Sectional view at point B; Figure 5 A first working schematic diagram of an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 6 Detailed schematic diagram of the drill position adjustment mechanism of this invention embodiment; Figure 7 Cross-sectional view of the borehole track in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 8 A second schematic diagram illustrating the operation of an embodiment of the invention; The attached diagram is labeled as follows: 1. Single cantilever mechanism; 11. Top beam; 12. Side fixing assembly; 121. Fixing plate; 122. Fixing pin; 123. Rotating connecting plate; 2. Vertical connecting mechanism; 21. Vertical rail; 22. Moving assembly; 221. Upper seat; 222. Roller; 223. Connecting column; 224. Lower seat; 23. Climbing assembly; 3. Lateral moving mechanism; 31. Crossbeam; 311. Rail; 32. Chain drive assembly; 321. Chain tooth; 322. Chain; 33. Tensioning assembly; 331. Threaded column; 332. Traction shaft; 333. Tensioning spring; 4. Counterweight mechanism; 41. Counterweight cart; 42. Counterweight assembly; 4 21. Top seat; 422. Counterweight; 5. Drilling position adjustment mechanism; 51. Lateral movement vehicle; 511. Vehicle body; 512. Worm gear structure; 52. Vertical rail seat; 521. Vertical plate; 522. Top plate; 523. Bottom plate; 53. Vertical moving vehicle; 531. Bearing plate; 54. Support hydraulic cylinder; 6. Drilling mechanism; 61. Drilling track; 611. Countersunk hole; 62. Drilling vehicle; 63. Drill bit; 64. Positioning hydraulic cylinder; 65. Positioning column; 66. Support plate; 661. Coupling shaft; 662. Ball seat; 67. Elastic support pin; 68. Top pin; 681. Pin body; 682. Support spring; 7. Single unstable rock; 8. Main mountain. Detailed Implementation

[0018] The following specific embodiments illustrate the implementation of the present invention. Those skilled in the art can easily understand other advantages and effects of the present invention from the content disclosed in this specification.

[0019] Please see Figures 1-8It should be understood that the structures, proportions, sizes, etc., depicted in the accompanying drawings are merely for illustrative purposes to aid those skilled in the art and to facilitate understanding. They are not intended to limit the scope of the invention and therefore have no substantial technical significance. Any modifications to the structure, changes in proportions, or adjustments to size, without affecting the effectiveness and purpose of the invention, should still fall within the scope of the technical content disclosed herein. Furthermore, the terms "upper," "lower," "left," "right," "middle," and "one" used in this specification are merely for clarity and not intended to limit the scope of the invention. Changes or adjustments to their relative relationships, without substantially altering the technical content, should also be considered within the scope of the invention.

[0020] The following embodiments are for illustrative purposes only. These embodiments can be combined and are not limited to the content shown in any single embodiment below.

[0021] This invention provides a suspended support construction system for blasting unstable rock masses, such as... Figure 1 and Figure 5 As shown, the device includes a single cantilever beam mechanism 1, a vertical connection mechanism 2, a horizontal movement mechanism 3, a counterweight mechanism 4, a drill position adjustment mechanism 5, and a drilling mechanism 6. The single cantilever beam mechanism 1 includes a top beam 11, which is a beam structure supporting the entire device. The two ends of the top beam 11 are fixed between the unstable rock mass 7 and the main mountain body 8, and the fixed top beam 11 is parallel to the horizontal plane. The horizontal movement mechanism 3 includes a crossbeam 31, which is a long, hollow beam structure. The crossbeam 31 is located below the top beam 11 and is perpendicular to the top beam 11. Two rails 311 are provided on the crossbeam 31, which are arranged vertically and pass through the crossbeam 31 from front to back. The extension direction of 1 is parallel to the extension direction of the crossbeam 31; the upper end of the vertical connecting mechanism 2 is connected to the top beam 11, and the lower end is fixedly connected to the middle position of the top side of the crossbeam 31; the crossbeam 31 is suspended between the bottom of the single unstable rock and the main mountain 8 that needs to be drilled; the counterweight mechanism 4 includes a counterweight car 41, which is moved and set on the upper rail 311 through the counterweight car 41; the drilling position adjustment mechanism 5 includes a transverse moving car 51, which is moved and set on the lower rail 311 through the transverse moving car 51; the drilling mechanism 6 is installed on the drilling position adjustment mechanism 5, which adjusts the drilling position through the drilling position adjustment mechanism 5 and drills the bottom side of the unstable rock 7.

[0022] This device utilizes the terrain features between the unstable rock mass 7 and the main mountain 8 for suspended installation and operation. The device uses a single cantilever beam mechanism 1 to directly support both ends of the top beam 11 on the tops of the unstable rock mass 7 and the main mountain 8. Since the top of the unstable rock mass 7 is often pointed or narrow, this single-beam support method demonstrates strong terrain adaptability compared to traditional equipment that requires a large, flat landing area, eliminating the need to find an installation platform that doesn't even exist at the bottom of the unstable rock. After installation, the crossbeam 31 is suspended in the air between the bottom of the unstable rock and the mountain via a vertical connecting mechanism 2, creating a stable aerial working base for drilling operations. To ensure the absolute stability of this suspended system, its counterweight mechanism 4, through the movement of the counterweight car 41 on the upper rail 311, dynamically balances the torque changes generated by the lateral movement of the drilling mechanism 6 and during operation, effectively resisting the risk of overturning and ensuring that the entire system supported by the single-point top beam 11 maintains good balance. Based on this, the drilling position adjustment mechanism 5 drives the drilling mechanism 6 to move along the lower rail 311, thereby finally realizing regional, stable and efficient multi-position drilling operations on the bottom side of the dangerous rock 7, solving the long-standing problem that mechanical drilling could not be carried out in this special part in the past.

[0023] In further proposals, such as Figure 5 As shown, the lateral movement mechanism 3 further includes a chain drive assembly 32, which includes two chain teeth 321 and a chain 322 that surrounds the two chain teeth 321 and is driven by the chain teeth 321. The two chain teeth 321 are respectively rotatably disposed inside the two ends of the crossbeam 31. The chain 322 is distributed in the upper and lower rails 311. The upper chain 322 is fixedly connected to the counterweight 41, and the lower chain 322 is fixedly connected to the lateral movement 51.

[0024] The chain drive assembly 32 used in a further embodiment of the present invention plays a crucial role in achieving automated, synchronized, and coordinated movement of the counterweight and the drilling rig through a purely mechanical linkage structure. This assembly connects the counterweight carriage 41 and the transverse carriage 51 by wrapping the chain 322 around the chain teeth 321 at both ends of the crossbeam 31, thus forcibly coupling their movements into a single, interconnected system. Its working principle is as follows: when the drilling position adjustment drives the transverse carriage 51 to adjust the hole position, this movement is transmitted to the chain teeth 321 via the lower chain 322. The rotation of the chain teeth 321 immediately drives the upper chain 322 to move the counterweight carriage 41 in the opposite direction with an equal amount of force. This structure constructs a self-driven dynamic balancing system that compensates for torque changes caused by drilling rig displacement in real time and with precision. This not only greatly simplifies the operation process and improves work efficiency, but more importantly, the rigid mechanical connection ensures the immediacy and accuracy of counterweight adjustment, eliminating the risk of lag or misadjustment and providing stable protection and safety for high-risk drilling operations at the bottom of dangerous rock formations.

[0025] In further proposals, such as Figure 4 As shown, the lateral movement mechanism 3 also includes a tensioning assembly 33, which includes a threaded post 331, a traction shaft 332, and a tension spring 333. The tensioning assembly 33 is installed inside one end of the crossbeam 31. The two ends of the tension spring 333 are fixedly connected to the threaded post 331 and the traction shaft 332, respectively. The threaded post 331 is threaded to the end of the crossbeam 31 and passes through the end of the crossbeam 31. The chain tooth 321 located at the same end of the crossbeam 31 is rotatably mounted on the traction shaft 332.

[0026] In a further embodiment of the invention, the added tensioning component 33 provides continuous and adjustable tension to the chain drive system. It consists of a threaded post 331, a traction shaft 332, and a tension spring 333. The position of the threaded post 331, which protrudes from the end of the crossbeam 31, is axially adjusted by rotating it, thereby compressing or releasing the tension spring 333. The elastic force generated by the spring acts directly on the rotation center of the chain teeth 321 at the same end through the traction shaft 332, thus applying a radial tension force to the surrounding chain 322. This effectively compensates for the loosening of the chain 322 due to long-term wear or temperature changes, maintains stable meshing between the chain 322 and the chain teeth 321, eliminates the risk of transmission slippage, skipped teeth, or even chain derailment, and ensures the long-term stability of the linkage accuracy and synchronization between the counterweight car 41 and the traverse car 51, thus ensuring the reliability and durability of the dynamic balancing system.

[0027] In further proposals, such as Figure 1 As shown, the counterweight mechanism 4 also includes two counterweight components 42. Each counterweight component 42 includes a connecting top seat 421 and several counterweight blocks 422. The counterweight blocks 422 are arranged vertically and fixed to the lower side of the connecting top seat 421. The two connecting top seats 421 are respectively fixedly connected to the counterweight vehicle 41. The two connecting top seats 421 are located on the front and rear sides of the crossbeam 31.

[0028] In a further embodiment of the present invention, the counterweight mechanism 4 adopts a split symmetrical design, with its two counterweight components 42 fixed to the front and rear sides of the counterweight vehicle 41 respectively via connecting top seats 421. Each component consists of a connecting top seat 421 and several counterweight blocks 422 that can be vertically stacked below. The core function of this structure is to achieve dual optimization of center of gravity adjustment and stable balance through modular configuration. Its working principle is to form a stable system with a low center of gravity and large inertia in the vertical direction by using the symmetrically distributed counterweight blocks 422 on the basis of the lateral movement of the counterweight vehicle 41. The dual-component symmetrical layout of this structure effectively increases the span of the counterweight foundation and improves the stability of the device against overturning, especially when the traverse vehicle 51 is drilling at the edge position, it can provide stronger torque balance; secondly, the modular stacking design of the counterweight block 422 allows the total amount of counterweight to be flexibly increased or decreased according to the actual drilling needs; thirdly, the compact structure of the vertically arranged counterweight block 422 achieves maximum counterweight efficiency in a limited space, which not only ensures the overall stability of the device, but also avoids the structural burden caused by excessive weight concentration on one side, so that the entire suspended support system exhibits excellent adaptability and reliability in dangerous rock and special terrain.

[0029] In further proposals, such as Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, the vertical connection mechanism 2 includes a vertical rail 21, a moving component 22, and a climbing component 23. The moving component 22 is movably disposed along the top beam 11. The climbing component 23 is fixed to the top of the moving component 22. The vertical rail 21 moves vertically under the drive of the climbing component 23. The lower end of the vertical rail 21 is fixedly connected to the crossbeam 31.

[0030] In a further embodiment of the invention, the vertical connecting mechanism 2, through the coordinated operation of the vertical rail 21, the moving component 22, and the climbing component 23, enables flexible adjustment of the suspended position of the crossbeam 31. Its core function is to overcome the limitations of fixed installation. Its working principle is that the moving component 22 can move along the length of the top beam 11 to the desired lateral position, and then the climbing component 23 drives the vertical rail 21 to precisely raise and lower the crossbeam 31 at its lower end. This structure allows the entire drilling device to actively adapt to the complex and varied height difference between the unstable rock mass 7 and the bottom of the main mountain 8. Secondary positioning greatly expands the device's operational coverage and significantly improves its terrain adaptability and ease of operation.

[0031] In further proposals, such as Figure 1 and Figure 2As shown, there are two top beams 11 that are fixedly connected side by side. The moving component 22 includes an upper seat 221, rollers 222, a connecting column 223, and a lower seat 224. The rollers 222 are rotatably mounted on the bottom of the upper seat 221 and are driven by a motor to roll on the upper end of the top beam 11. The upper end of the connecting column 223 is fixedly connected to the upper seat 221, and the lower end is fixedly connected to the lower seat 224. The connecting column 223 is located between the two top beams 11. The climbing component 23 is fixed to the top of the upper seat 221.

[0032] In a further embodiment of the invention, the stability and movement accuracy of the device are significantly improved by employing a double-beam parallel structure 11 and a matching moving component 22. The moving component 22 achieves lateral displacement by driving rollers 222 via a motor to roll on the upper end of the beam 11, while the design of the connecting column 223 passing between the two beams ensures uniform force distribution and saves space. This structure allows the climbing component 23 to obtain stable support through the upper seat 221, thereby driving the vertical rail 21 for precise lifting and lowering.

[0033] In further proposals, such as Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, there are two vertical rails 21. The upper end of the vertical rail 21 is fixedly connected, and the lower end is fixed to the crossbeam 31. The climbing component 23 is simultaneously moved on the vertical rail 21 by a motor drive. The upper seat 221 and the lower seat 224 are slidably mounted on the vertical rail 21.

[0034] In a further embodiment of the invention, a double vertical rail structure 21 and matching sliding components are employed to enhance the rigidity and operational stability of the vertical connection system. Its core function is to provide symmetrical and reliable guidance and support for the lifting and lowering of the crossbeam 31. The two vertical rails 21 are interconnected at their upper ends and jointly fixed to the crossbeam 31 at their lower ends, forming a stable frame structure. The climbing component 23 is driven by a motor and can move synchronously along the double rails. Simultaneously, the upper seat 221 and lower seat 224 slide and engage with the double rails, allowing the climbing component 23 to precisely lift and lower along the vertical rails 21. This, in turn, drives the entire crossbeam 31 and the mechanism below to move smoothly and vertically. The double-rail, double-sided force design effectively avoids the uneven loading and jamming that can occur with a single-rail structure.

[0035] In further proposals, such as Figure 1 and Figure 5As shown, the single cantilever beam mechanism 1 also includes two side fixing components 12, which are respectively disposed at both ends of the top beam 11. Each side fixing component 12 includes a fixing plate 121, a fixing pin 122, and a rotating connecting plate 123. The rotating connecting plate 123 is fixed to the side of the fixing plate 121 and is rotatably connected to the end of the top beam 11, so that the axis of rotation of the fixing plate 121 is perpendicular to the extension direction of the top beam 11 and parallel to the horizontal plane. The fixing pin 122 passes through the fixing plate 121, fixing the fixing plates 121 at both ends of the top beam 11 to the side walls of the unstable rock mass 7 and the main mountain body 8, respectively.

[0036] In a further embodiment of the present invention, the design of the side fixing component 12 greatly enhances the installation adaptability and structural stability of the single cantilever mechanism 1 in areas with complex terrain and dangerous rock formations. This component, through the coordinated operation of the fixing plates 121, fixing pins 122, and rotating connecting plates 123 located at both ends of the top beam 11, achieves rapid and reliable anchoring of the top beam 11 to the irregular rock surface. The rotating connection formed between the rotating connecting plate 123 and the end of the top beam 11 allows the fixing plate 121 to rotate around a horizontal axis, thereby adaptively conforming to any tilted or irregular contact surfaces that may exist between the dangerous rock mass 7 and the sidewall of the main mountain 8. Subsequently, by forcefully driving the fixing pins 122 into the rock mass, the entire top beam 11 can be firmly fixed to the support points on both sides. This structure solves the problems of traditional rigid support structures being difficult to install on rugged rock surfaces and prone to stress concentration. The adjustable-angle fixing plate 121 ensures that both ends of the top beam 11 can obtain the maximum contact area and stable stress conditions, thus providing an extremely stable and reliable foundation support for the entire suspended drilling device. At the same time, this design greatly simplifies the installation process in dangerous and steep terrain, allowing for rapid erection without additional rock surface leveling, significantly improving work efficiency and reducing operational risks.

[0037] In further proposals, such as Figure 6 As shown, the drill position adjustment mechanism 5 also includes a vertical rail base 52 and a vertical moving carriage 53. The vertical rail base 52 is connected to the lower end of the horizontal moving carriage 51, and the vertical moving carriage 53 is vertically movable on the vertical rail base 52. The drilling mechanism 6 includes a drilling track 61, a drilling carriage 62, and a drill bit 63. The drilling carriage 62 is movably mounted on the drilling track 61, and the drill bit 63 is rotatably mounted on the drilling carriage 62 by a motor drive. The bottom middle part of the drilling track 61 is rotatably mounted on the vertical rail base 52, and the axis of rotation of the drilling track 61 is parallel to the horizontal plane.

[0038] In a further embodiment of the invention, the device integrates a three-dimensional motion control system, enabling position adjustment and multi-degree-of-freedom positioning of the drill bit 63. The lateral movement mechanism 3 effectively covers the width of the entire working area. The vertical adjustment mechanism achieves vertical height positioning. By rotating the drilling track 61, the drill bit 63 can be adjusted to a specific angle around the horizontal axis, thereby achieving multi-angle drilling functionality. This device can adapt to drilling requirements under various complex geological conditions, improving the operational accuracy and adaptability of blasting drilling. The entire system has a reasonable structural design, is easy to operate, and has high operational efficiency, providing a safe, efficient, and precise drilling technology solution for dangerous rock blasting projects.

[0039] In further proposals, such as Figure 3 and Figure 4 As shown, the vertical rail base 52 includes a vertical plate 521, a top plate 522, and a bottom plate 523. There are two vertical plates 521, which are arranged at intervals. The top plate 522 is fixedly connected to the top of the vertical plate 521, and the bottom plate 523 is fixedly connected to the bottom of the vertical plate 521, so that the vertical rail base 52 has a square frame structure. The top plate 522 is mounted on the bottom of the transverse moving car 51 by a motor.

[0040] In a further embodiment of the invention, the vertical rail base 52 is designed as a rectangular structure consisting of two vertical plates 521, a top plate 522, and a bottom plate 523. The top plate 522 is rotatably mounted at the bottom of the transverse carriage 51 via a motor, enabling the entire drilling position adjustment mechanism 5 to rotate in the horizontal plane. Its core function is that when the transverse carriage 51 carries the drilling mechanism 6 laterally, rotating the vertical rail base 52 allows the drilling track 61 and drill bit 63 to actively avoid the counterweight block 422 assembly on their movement path. The motor drives the top plate 522 to rotate relative to the transverse carriage 51, thereby causing the entire rectangular vertical rail base 52 and the drilling mechanism 6 connected below it to rotate together, making way for the vertically hanging counterweight block 422. It allows the traverse carriage 51 to move over a wider range on the crossbeam 31 without worrying about collisions or interference with the counterweight 422, greatly extending the effective working stroke of the drilling mechanism 6 on the crossbeam 31. At the same time, this active avoidance mechanism reduces the strict restrictions on the placement of the counterweight 422, improves the flexibility and ease of operation of the overall equipment layout, and ultimately ensures safe, efficient and interference-free full-process drilling coverage even in narrow suspended working environments, while also providing more freedom to adjust the drilling angle.

[0041] In further proposals, such as Figure 6As shown, the vertical moving vehicle 53 is movably disposed between the two vertical plates 521. Two bearing plates 531 are fixedly disposed at the top of the vertical moving vehicle 53. The drilling track 61 is rotatably disposed between the two bearing plates 531. The drilling position adjustment mechanism 5 also includes two supporting hydraulic cylinders 54. The two supporting hydraulic cylinders 54 are respectively located on both sides of the rotating shaft of the drilling track 61. One end of the supporting hydraulic cylinder 54 is hinged to the top of the moving vehicle, and the other end is hinged to the lower end of the drilling track 61.

[0042] In a further embodiment of the invention, a vertically movable trolley 53, which can be raised and lowered, is set between two vertical plates 521. A drilling track 61 is hinged to its top using a double-bearing plate 531. This, along with two supporting hydraulic cylinders 54 symmetrically arranged on both sides of the rotating shaft, constitutes a highly stable drilling angle adjustment system. Its core function is to achieve precise hydraulic control and rigid support for the working posture of the drill bit 63. Its working principle is as follows: through the synchronous or differential extension and retraction of the two supporting hydraulic cylinders 54, the drilling track 61 is pushed to precisely pitch around its rotating shaft, thereby adjusting the attack angle of the drill bit 63 so that it remains perpendicular to rock surfaces of varying inclinations. This structure provides powerful thrust and locking capabilities through hydraulic drive, ensuring absolute stability of the drilling track posture during drilling and effectively suppressing vibration. The symmetrical layout of the two cylinders balances the enormous counter-torque generated during drilling, preventing structural torsional deformation. Ultimately, this enables the drill bit 63 to perform high-quality, high-precision vertical drilling operations on complex, inclined, and dangerous rock surfaces, greatly improving hole quality and construction efficiency.

[0043] In further proposals, such as Figure 6 , Figure 7 and Figure 8 As shown, the drilling mechanism 6 also includes a positioning hydraulic cylinder 64 and a positioning column 65. The end face of the drilling track 61 away from the drilling direction of the drill bit 63 is opened into a countersunk hole 611. The positioning hydraulic cylinder 64 is fixed at the bottom of the countersunk hole 611. The positioning column 65 is slidably disposed in the countersunk hole 611 supported by the positioning hydraulic cylinder 64. When drilling the dangerous rock mass 7, the positioning column 65 extends out of the countersunk hole 611 and abuts against the main mountain body 8.

[0044] In a further embodiment of the invention, a positioning column 65 driven by a positioning hydraulic cylinder 64 is installed at the end of the drilling track 61, providing crucial axial support for suspended drilling operations. This effectively counteracts the enormous reverse impact force and vibration generated during drilling. After the drilling mechanism 6 is positioned, the positioning hydraulic cylinder 64 extends, pushing the positioning column 65 forward from the countersunk hole 611 at the end of the track until its end presses against the rock wall of the main mountain 8, thus forming a rigid force transmission path between the drill bit 63 and the rock mass. This structure directly transmits most of the reaction force and vibration generated during drilling to the stable main mountain 8 through the positioning column 65, rather than being borne solely by the suspended beam 31 system, reducing the load and sway of the entire support structure. This not only significantly improves drilling accuracy and hole quality, and prevents the drill bit 63 from shifting due to system elastic deformation, but also fundamentally enhances the safety and reliability of the device in high-intensity drilling operations, ensuring the stability of construction under harsh geological conditions.

[0045] In further proposals, such as Figure 7 and Figure 8 As shown, the drilling mechanism 6 also includes a support plate 66, elastic support pins 67, and ejector pins 68. Multiple ejector pins 68 are distributed on the surface of the support plate 66. A connecting shaft 661 is fixedly provided on the back of the support plate 66. A ball seat 662 is fixedly provided at the end of the connecting shaft 661. The ball seat 662 is rotatably disposed at the end of the positioning post 65. Multiple elastic support pins 67 are arranged in an array around the end of the positioning post 65. The elastic support pins 67 extend from the end of the positioning post 65 and abut against the back of the support plate 66.

[0046] In a further embodiment of the present invention, a support plate 66 structure with elastic support pins 67 and ejector pins 68 is adopted to improve the contact adaptability and force transmission efficiency between the positioning column 65 and the rock wall of the main mountain 8. Its core function is to ensure that the support system can effectively adapt to irregular rock surfaces and evenly distribute contact stress: when the positioning hydraulic cylinder 64 pushes the positioning column 65 against the main mountain 8, multiple ejector pins 68 on the back of the support plate 66 first contact the rock surface, and the discrete arrangement of the ejector pins 68 initially adapts to the surface unevenness; subsequently, the array of surrounding elastic support pins 67 undergoes elastic deformation under pressure, continuously applying a uniform support force to the back of the support plate 66, while the ball seat 662 connection structure allows the support plate 66 to self-adapt to deflection within a certain range, so that the ejector pins 68 better fit the rock surface. This structure, through a composite mechanism of elastic support and multi-needle contact, disperses the enormous drilling reaction force to a larger area of ​​the rock wall, avoiding stress concentration that could damage the rock mass or equipment. The adaptive deflection function ensures that stable and reliable rigid support can be formed even on inclined or uneven rock surfaces, greatly improving the stability and safety of the drilling process and effectively guaranteeing the quality of the borehole.

[0047] In further proposals, such as Figure 7 As shown, the ejector pin 68 includes a needle body 681 and a support spring 682. The needle body 681 is slidably disposed within the support plate 66, and the support spring 682 is supported between the needle body 681 and the support plate 66.

[0048] In a further embodiment of the invention, the ejector pin 68 employs an elastic structure composed of a pin body 681 and a supporting spring 682. Its core function is to adapt to the microscopic unevenness of the rock wall surface through an independent telescoping mechanism. When the supporting plate 66 presses against the rock surface, each pin body 681 can independently slide and telescop under the action of the supporting spring 682, ensuring that all pin tips maintain close contact with the rock surface. This design allows the ejector pin 68 system to effectively distribute concentrated loads to multiple contact points, greatly improving stress distribution and preventing excessive local stress from causing crushing damage to the surface of the dangerous rock mass. Simultaneously, it provides continuous and stable elastic support during drilling, effectively suppressing vibration and significantly improving the accuracy and safety of drilling operations.

[0049] In further proposals, such as Figure 3 and Figure 4 As shown, the transverse moving vehicle 51 includes a vehicle body 511 and a worm gear structure 512. The worm gear structure 512 is disposed inside the vehicle body 511. The worm wheel of the worm gear structure 512 is coaxially connected to the rotating shaft of the top plate 522. The worm of the worm gear structure 512 is driven to rotate by a motor.

[0050] In a further embodiment of the present invention, the transverse carriage 51 uses a worm gear transmission structure to drive the vertical rail seat 52 to rotate. Its core function is to achieve precise control and reliable self-locking of the drill arm rotation angle. Its working principle is that the motor drives the worm to rotate, which in turn drives the worm wheel meshing with it to rotate. Since the worm wheel is coaxially connected to the top plate 522 shaft, it directly drives the entire vertical rail seat 52 and the drilling mechanism 6 to rotate precisely in the horizontal plane.

[0051] Finally, it should be noted that the above preferred embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention and are not intended to limit it. Although the present invention has been described in detail through the above preferred embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that various changes can be made to it in form and detail without departing from the scope defined by the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A suspended support construction system for blasting single unstable rock masses, characterized in that: It includes a single cantilever mechanism (1), a vertical connection mechanism (2), a horizontal movement mechanism (3), a counterweight mechanism (4), a drill position adjustment mechanism (5), and a drilling mechanism (6); The single cantilever beam mechanism (1) includes a top beam (11), the two ends of which are fixed between the unstable rock mass (7) and the main mountain body (8); The lateral moving mechanism (3) includes a crossbeam (31), which is located below the top beam (11). The crossbeam (31) is perpendicular to the top beam (11). Two rails (311) are provided on the crossbeam (31), which are arranged vertically. The extension direction of the rails (311) is parallel to the extension direction of the crossbeam (31). The upper end of the vertical connecting mechanism (2) is connected to the top beam (11), and the lower end is fixedly connected to the middle position of the top side of the cross beam (31). The counterweight mechanism (4) includes a counterweight car (41), which is movably mounted on the upper rail (311) via the counterweight car (41). The drilling position adjustment mechanism (5) includes a transverse trolley (51), which is moved and set on the lower rail (311) by the transverse trolley (51). The drilling mechanism (6) is installed on the drilling position adjustment mechanism (5). The drilling mechanism (6) adjusts the drilling position through the drilling position adjustment mechanism (5) and drills the bottom side of the dangerous rock mass (7).

2. The suspended support construction system for single-unit blasting of unstable rock as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The lateral movement mechanism (3) further includes a chain drive assembly (32), which includes two chain teeth (321) and a chain (322) that surrounds the two chain teeth (321) and is driven by the chain teeth (321). The two chain teeth (321) are respectively rotatably arranged inside the two ends of the crossbeam (31). The chain (322) is distributed in the upper and lower rails (311). The upper chain (322) is fixedly connected to the counterweight car (41), and the lower chain (322) is fixedly connected to the lateral movement car (51).

3. The suspended support construction system for single-unit blasting of unstable rock as described in claim 2, characterized in that: The lateral movement mechanism (3) further includes a tensioning assembly (33), which includes a threaded post (331), a traction shaft (332), and a tension spring (333). The tensioning assembly (33) is installed inside one end of the crossbeam (31). The two ends of the tension spring (333) are fixedly connected to the threaded post (331) and the traction shaft (332), respectively. The threaded post (331) is threaded to the end of the crossbeam (31) and passes through the end of the crossbeam (31). The chain tooth (321) located at the same end of the crossbeam (31) is rotatably mounted on the traction shaft (332).

4. The suspended support construction system for single-unit blasting of unstable rock as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The counterweight mechanism (4) further includes two counterweight components (42). Each counterweight component (42) includes a connecting top seat (421) and several counterweight blocks (422). The counterweight blocks (422) are arranged vertically and fixed to the lower side of the connecting top seat (421). The two connecting top seats (421) are respectively fixedly connected to the counterweight vehicle (41). The two connecting top seats (421) are located on the front and rear sides of the crossbeam (31).

5. The suspended support construction system for single-unit blasting of unstable rock as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The vertical connection mechanism (2) includes a vertical rail (21), a moving component (22) and a climbing component (23). The moving component (22) is movably disposed along the top beam (11). The climbing component (23) is fixed at the top of the moving component (22). The vertical rail (21) moves vertically under the drive of the climbing component (23). The lower end of the vertical rail (21) is fixedly connected to the cross beam (31).

6. The suspended support construction system for single-unit blasting of unstable rock as described in claim 5, characterized in that: The top beam (11) has two beams that are fixedly connected side by side. The moving component (22) includes an upper seat (221), a roller (222), a connecting column (223), and a lower seat (224). The roller (222) is rotatably mounted at the bottom of the upper seat (221). The roller (222) is driven by a motor to roll on the upper end of the top beam (11). The upper end of the connecting column (223) is fixedly connected to the upper seat (221), and the lower end is fixedly connected to the lower seat (224). The connecting column (223) is located between the two top beams (11). The climbing component (23) is fixed at the top of the upper seat (221).

7. The suspended support construction system for single-unit blasting of unstable rock as described in claim 6, characterized in that: The vertical rail (21) includes two vertical rails (21), the upper end of the vertical rail (21) is fixedly connected, and the lower end is fixed on the crossbeam (31). The climbing component (23) is simultaneously moved on the vertical rail (21) by a motor drive. The upper seat (221) and the lower seat (224) are slidably arranged on the vertical rail (21).

8. The suspended support construction system for single-unit blasting of unstable rock as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The single cantilever beam mechanism (1) also includes two side fixing components (12), which are respectively disposed at both ends of the top beam (11). Each side fixing component (12) includes a fixing plate (121), a fixing pin (122), and a rotating connecting plate (123). The rotating connecting plate (123) is fixed to the side of the fixing plate (121) and is rotatably connected to the end of the top beam (11), so that the axis of rotation of the fixing plate (121) is perpendicular to the extension direction of the top beam (11) and parallel to the horizontal plane. The fixing pin (122) passes through the fixing plate (121) and fixes the fixing plates (121) at both ends of the top beam (11) to the side wall of the unstable rock mass (7) and the main mountain body (8), respectively.

9. The suspended support construction system for single-unit blasting of unstable rock as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The drilling position adjustment mechanism (5) further includes a vertical rail seat (52) and a vertical moving vehicle (53). The vertical rail seat (52) includes a vertical plate (521), a top plate (522), and a bottom plate (523). There are two vertical plates (521), which are arranged alternately. The top plate (522) is fixedly connected to the top of the vertical plate (521), and the bottom plate (523) is fixedly connected to the bottom of the vertical plate (521), so that the vertical rail seat (52) has a square frame structure. The top plate (522) is rotated by a motor and set at the bottom of the horizontal moving vehicle (51). The vertical moving vehicle (53) is moved between the two vertical plates (521). The drilling mechanism (6) includes a drilling track (61), a drilling carriage (62), and a drill bit (63). The drilling carriage (62) is movably mounted on the drilling track (61). The drill bit (63) is rotatably mounted on the drilling carriage (62) by a motor drive. The bottom middle part of the drilling track (61) is rotatably mounted on the vertical rail seat (52). The axis of rotation of the drilling track (61) is parallel to the horizontal plane. Two bearing plates (531) are fixedly mounted on the top of the vertical moving carriage (53). The drilling track (61) is rotatably mounted between the two bearing plates (531). The drill position adjustment mechanism (5) also includes two supporting hydraulic cylinders (54). The two supporting hydraulic cylinders (54) are located on both sides of the rotating axis of the drilling track (61). One end of the supporting hydraulic cylinder (54) is hinged to the top of the moving carriage, and the other end is hinged to the lower end of the drilling track (61).

10. The suspended support construction system for single-unit blasting of unstable rock as described in claim 9, characterized in that: The drilling mechanism (6) also includes a positioning hydraulic cylinder (64) and a positioning column (65). The end face of the drilling track (61) away from the drilling direction of the drill bit (63) is opened into a countersunk hole (611). The positioning hydraulic cylinder (64) is fixed at the bottom of the countersunk hole (611). The positioning column (65) is supported by the positioning hydraulic cylinder (64) and is slidably disposed in the countersunk hole (611). When drilling the dangerous rock mass (7), the positioning column (65) extends out from the countersunk hole (611) and abuts against the main mountain body (8). The drilling mechanism (6) further includes a support plate (66), elastic support pins (67) and ejector pins (68). There are multiple ejector pins (68) distributed on the surface of the support plate (66). A connecting shaft (661) is fixedly provided on the back of the support plate (66). A ball seat (662) is fixedly provided at the end of the connecting shaft (661). The ball seat (662) is rotatably disposed at the end of the positioning post (65). There are multiple elastic support pins (67) arranged in an array around the end of the positioning post (65). The elastic support pins (67) extend from the end of the positioning post (65) and abut against the back of the support plate (66). The ejector pin (68) includes a needle body (681) and a support spring (682). The needle body (681) is slidably disposed within the support plate (66), and the support spring (682) is supported between the needle body (681) and the support plate (66).

Images