Agricultural product planting supervision data transmission equipment based on Internet of Things

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of agricultural product planting, in particular to agricultural product planting supervision data transmission equipment based on the internet of things, which comprises a mounting bottom frame and further comprises a plurality of fixing lugs fixed on the side wall of one side of the mounting bottom frame in a linear array; the ground nails are inserted into the fixing lugs through middle threads, and the bottoms of the ground nails are inserted into soil; the connecting assembly is used for connecting different mounting underframes; the environment sensor array is installed on the other side of the installation bottom frame and used for collecting various data of the planting environment in real time and providing a basis for precise planting; the pest and disease supervising assembly is mounted at the top of the mounting bottom frame and used for supervising and trapping pests; according to the device, shielding errors and stacking errors are synchronously eliminated through continuous trapping-emptying circulation, closed-loop management of crop growth and insect pest situation linkage is achieved, and the accuracy and the automation level of agricultural product whole-growth-period supervision are remarkably improved.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the field of agricultural product planting, and in particular to a planting supervision data transmission device for agricultural products based on the Internet of Things. BACKGROUND

[0002] The planting supervision data transmission device for agricultural products based on the Internet of Things is a terminal system integrating sensors, wireless communication and edge computing, which can collect data such as temperature, humidity, light and soil in real time, upload to the cloud through LoRa / 4G / 5G network, realize dynamic monitoring, abnormal early warning and precise control of the planting environment, and ensure the quality safety and traceability of agricultural products.

[0003] In the prior art, when monitoring and supervising pests and diseases, if pest and disease sensors are used for supervision, a large number of pests and diseases will be blocked by agricultural products, resulting in errors in the supervision data. When pests and diseases are captured and supervised, the accumulation of captured pests and diseases leads to errors in the supervision. SUMMARY

[0004] The present application relates to the field of agricultural product planting, and in particular to a planting supervision data transmission device for agricultural products based on the Internet of Things.

[0005] The present application provides a planting supervision data transmission device for agricultural products based on the Internet of Things, which comprises a mounting chassis, and further comprises:

[0006] A plurality of fixing ears are fixed linearly on one side wall of the mounting chassis;

[0007] A plurality of ground nails are respectively inserted into the inside of each fixing ear through the middle thread, and the bottom is inserted into the soil;

[0008] A connecting assembly is installed at both ends of the mounting chassis, which is used to connect different mounting chassis, so that the power supply and numerical control of the connected mounting chassis are connected, and the pipeline is communicated;

[0009] An environmental sensor array is installed on the other side of the mounting chassis, which is used to collect various data of the planting environment in real time, and provides a basis for accurate planting;

[0010] A pest and disease supervision assembly is installed on the top of the mounting chassis, which is used to supervise and capture pests, and at the same time of supervision, the captured pests are emptied at regular intervals to realize the supervision of the amount of captured pests at a specified time;

[0011] The installation chassis is used as a framework, and the whole is stably anchored in the crop row through the array fixing ears and ground nails, which not only avoids the shielding of crops on the environmental sensor array, but also forms a double-layer structure of "ground support-air monitoring". The installation chassis is provided with a connecting assembly at both ends, which can realize the cascade of power supply, numerical control and irrigation pipeline of multiple devices, thereby ensuring the continuous power supply and data transmission of the field network, and making the pesticide or nutrient solution accurately reach each area through the same channel. The environmental sensor array arranged in the lower layer of the installation chassis can continuously collect data such as temperature, humidity, light and gas without shielding, thereby providing real-time basis for variable rate fertilization and irrigation. The upper layer integrates a pest monitoring component, which uses a trapping light source or pheromone to attract pests. The trapped pests are automatically emptied by a timing turnover or scraping mechanism, thereby avoiding counting errors caused by accumulation. The continuous trapping-emptying cycle enables the accurate measurement of the increment of insect corpses in unit time, thereby synchronously eliminating "shielding errors" and "accumulation errors". The whole system uploads the environmental data and insect corpse increment to the cloud in real time through the Internet of Things link, realizes the closed-loop management of crop growth and pest situation, and significantly improves the accuracy and automation level of the whole growth period supervision of agricultural products.

[0012] Preferably, the connecting assembly comprises:

[0013] a threaded plug end fixed to one end of the installation chassis;

[0014] a threaded sleeve fixed to the other end of the installation chassis, the threaded sleeve being threadedly sealed matched with the threaded plug end;

[0015] a numerical control connector fixed to one end of the installation chassis;

[0016] a numerical control plug end fixed to the other end of the installation chassis, the numerical control plug end being matched with the numerical control connector;

[0017] When multiple installation chassis need to be cascaded along the planting row, the threaded plug end of the previous installation chassis is simply screwed into the threaded sleeve of the subsequent installation chassis, and the sealed matching of the threaded pair can complete the leak-free butt joint of the water, pesticide or nutrient solution pipeline in an instant. At the same time, the numerical control plug end of the previous installation chassis is inserted into the numerical control connector of the subsequent installation chassis, and the power supply and data signal are conducted through the metal contact in an instant, forming a power and communication bus throughout the whole field. The integrated "screw-insert" action not only saves the traditional connection of multiple pipelines and cables, but also relies on the threaded sealing and self-locking structure to resist field vibration and soil erosion, which is conducive to long-term operation without leakage and disconnection. Therefore, not only the on-site layout time is greatly shortened and the labor intensity is reduced, but also the Internet of Things nodes in the field are quickly, reliably and modularly expanded in three dimensions of machinery, electricity and fluid, thereby providing continuous and stable infrastructure support for large-area precision planting supervision.

[0018] Preferably, the pest and disease monitoring assembly comprises:

[0019] A plurality of connecting seats are fixed on the other side wall of the mounting chassis in a linear array;

[0020] A sensor group comprising a plurality of sensors, including but not limited to one or more of soil humidity sensors, soil pH sensors, air temperature sensors, air humidity sensors, and light intensity sensors, the middle part of the sensors is threadedly adapted and digitally connected to the connecting seats;

[0021] The pest and disease monitoring assembly quickly locks the sensor group to the mounting chassis through the thread-digital integrated interface of the linear array of connecting seats, forming a "one plug and one rotation" modular architecture that completes mechanical positioning and signal conduction, the sensor group covers multi-dimensional environmental factors such as soil humidity, pH, air temperature and humidity, and light intensity, the probes are close to or deep into the root zone, avoiding the obstruction of the crop canopy, or extending upwards to monitor the upper space of the crop canopy, achieving non-blind area and high-frequency data collection, the thread adaptation of the connecting seats not only provides stable and anti-vibration field-level sealing, but also allows independent plugging and replacing of individual sensors when maintenance or upgrading is required, without the need to disassemble the entire mounting chassis, which not only reduces downtime, but also allows the transmission array to be flexibly added or reduced according to crop varieties or growth periods, thereby continuously outputting high-precision environmental and pest coupling data at minimal cost, laying a reliable foundation for real-time correction of pest and disease warning models and accurate issuance of variable control instructions.

[0022] Preferably, the pest and disease monitoring assembly comprises:

[0023] A trap box is provided in a transparent manner, a connecting pipe is fixed at the bottom of the trap box, and the connecting pipe is fixed to the top of the mounting chassis;

[0024] A plurality of first openings are arranged in a circumferential array at the top of the side wall of the trap box;

[0025] An electric shock net is fixed inside the trap box, dividing the inside of the trap box into a trapping space and a storage space, and the storage space is used for storing trapped pests;

[0026] A control box is installed inside the trap box for connecting and controlling the electric shock net;

[0027] A trapping agent is installed at the bottom of the trapping space;

[0028] A trapping lamp is installed at the top of the trapping space;

[0029] A visual sensor is installed outside the trap box for monitoring the pest and disease situation of the planting environment or the number of trapped pests inside the trap box;

[0030] The transparent trap box is stably erected on the mounting base through the connecting pipe at the bottom, forming a vertical "light-flavor" double-attraction channel. The first openings in the circumferential array enable the pests to be attracted into the trap box by the trapping agent and the trapping lamp from any horizontal direction. After entering, the high-voltage electric shock net immediately knocks down and isolates the pests to the storage space below. The control box is provided with a microprocessor, which can adjust the voltage of the electric shock net and the wavelength of the trapping lamp according to the real-time feedback of the environmental sensor array or the visual sensor, so as to realize dynamic energy saving and maximize the trapping efficiency. The storage space is transparent and visible. The external visual sensor can not only count the accumulated insect quantity in the box in real time through the wall, but also scan the crop leaves in the surrounding environment to supplement the monitoring of pests that have not been trapped, so as to fuse the double-source data of "in-box counting" and "field scanning" and eliminate the single monitoring blind area. The structure can complete the insect quantity inventory and strategy optimization without opening the trap box, and truly achieve continuous, accurate and low-maintenance pest monitoring and management of the Internet of Things.

[0031] Preferably, the pest management assembly further comprises:

[0032] A rotating base rotatably mounted at the bottom of the trap box;

[0033] A first scraping strip fixed to the edge of the rotating base and abutting the outer wall of the trap box;

[0034] A second scraping strip fixed to the bottom of the first scraping strip through a connecting frame, the second scraping strip being matched with the visual sensor;

[0035] A driving member installed between the connecting pipe, the visual sensor and the rotating base, for driving the visual sensor to revolve to push the rotating base to rotate and clean the trap box, or driving the visual sensor to rotate to clean the visual sensor;

[0036] The driving member is centered on the connecting pipe, and the visual sensor is used as a "double-mode actuator". When the trap box needs to be cleaned, the driving member drives the visual sensor to revolve around the connecting pipe, so that the installation position of the visual sensor pushes the rotating base to rotate synchronously when rotating, and the first scraping strip fixed to the rotating base sweeps the surface of the trap box wall in a circle, removing dust, insect corpses and dew at one time, and restoring the light transmittance of the trap box. When the visual sensor needs to be cleaned, the driving member first drives the visual sensor to revolve to the second scraping strip, and then switches the driving member to drive the visual sensor to the rotation mode. The visual sensor rotates at high speed in place, and the second scraping strip still adheres to the edge of the lens for secondary wiping. The whole cleaning action is completed by the same driving member at different times, without the need for additional motors or manual intervention, which simplifies the structure, reduces power consumption, and realizes all-weather self-maintenance of the trap box and the visual sensor, ensuring that the pest monitoring component always maintains accurate and reliable monitoring performance in long-term outdoor operation.

[0037] Preferably, the driving member comprises:

[0038] The rotating frame is rotatably sleeved on one end of the outer wall of the connecting pipe and rotatably installed on the bottom of the visual sensor on the other end;

[0039] The first electric telescopic rod is fixed to the rotating frame, and the telescopic rod end of the first electric telescopic rod is fixed with a moving seat which is slidingly installed on the rotating frame;

[0040] The motor is fixedly installed on the bottom of the moving seat, and the output shaft of the motor is fixed with a third gear;

[0041] The first gear is fixed to the outer wall of the connecting pipe;

[0042] The first transmission group is installed on the rotating frame, and when the third gear moves to match the first transmission group, the first transmission group forms a transmission connection between the first gear and the third gear;

[0043] The second gear is fixed to the bottom of the rotating shaft of the visual sensor;

[0044] The second transmission group is installed on the rotating frame, and when the third gear moves to match the second transmission group, the second transmission group forms a transmission connection between the second gear and the third gear;

[0045] The first electric telescopic rod drives the moving base to slide along the rotating frame, so that the third gear at the output end of the motor can selectively engage with the first transmission group or the second transmission group. When the third gear engages with the first transmission group, the motor drives the first gear to rotate, and then drives the rotating frame to rotate around the connecting pipe, thereby driving the visual sensor to revolve. During the revolution of the visual sensor, the first scraping strip is pushed to scrape the outer wall of the trapping box due to the rotation of the rotating frame, thereby maintaining the light transmittance of the trapping box. When the third gear disengages from the first transmission group and engages with the second transmission group, the motor drives the second gear to rotate, so as to drive the visual sensor to rotate by itself, and the water droplets or dust remaining on the surface of the visual sensor are shaken off by the centrifugal force, thereby realizing secondary deep cleaning. Meanwhile, the second scraping strip is attached to the visual sensor during the rotation of the visual sensor, so that the second scraping strip scrapes the outer wall of the visual sensor. This structure realizes two independent cleaning actions by using a single motor and a single telescopic rod, which simplifies the field wiring, reduces power consumption and fault points, and ensures that the two output paths do not interfere with each other through the switchable engagement of the gear transmission group, thereby ensuring that the pest monitoring component maintains a high light transmittance, high definition and high precision monitoring state during long-term outdoor operation.

[0046] Preferably, the pest monitoring component further comprises:

[0047] A channel is arranged in the inside of the connecting pipe.

[0048] An output pipe is fixedly connected to one side of the connecting pipe.

[0049] A blocking component is installed between the trapping box and the channel, and is used for blocking the output channel of the pests during the trapping process.

[0050] A switching component is installed between the channel and the output pipe, and is used for switching the communication between the channel, the output pipe and the internal pipeline of the mounting chassis.

[0051] A channel is preset in the connecting pipe, which is directly connected to the bottom of the trapping box. The side wall of the channel is connected to the output pipe, and is communicated with the water / medicine / gas pipe network in the mounting chassis through the switching component. During the trapping stage, the blocking component blocks the upper opening of the channel to prevent the pests from escaping or the pesticide from backflowing. When it is necessary to empty the insect corpses or to disinfect the box, the blocking component is opened, and the switching component synchronously switches the channel from the closed state to two modes of the output pipe or the pipeline network of the mounting chassis. If the output pipe is selected, the insect corpses are directly discharged to the soil surface or a collection bag outside the field under the action of gravity or flushing water flow, thereby realizing zero manual cleaning. If the pipeline network of the mounting chassis is selected, the insect-containing slurry can be introduced into the irrigation pipeline network as an organic liquid fertilizer, or the pesticide can be introduced into the pipeline network in the reverse direction to perform cyclic flushing and disinfection on the trapping box, thereby integrating the four functions of trapping, slagging, cleaning and fertilizing in the same pipeline. This integrated channel-switching design not only avoids additional disassembly, but also reduces secondary pollution in the field, so that the pest monitoring component can maintain long-term accurate monitoring while realizing the resource utilization of insect bodies and the closed-loop operation of equipment self-maintenance.

[0052] Preferably, the blocking assembly comprises:

[0053] A blocking disc is rotatably installed inside the tapered groove starting from the bottom of the trap box, and a magnet block is arranged on one side of the inside of the blocking disc;

[0054] A straight rod is fixed to the bottom of the electric shock net and is inserted into the center of the blocking disc;

[0055] An electromagnet is fixed to the top of the end of the connecting pipe where the rotating frame is sleeved;

[0056] Two push rods are vertically and slidably inserted into the blocking disc;

[0057] Two cleaning brushes are fixed to the bottom of the two push rods and are centrally symmetrically arranged;

[0058] When the electromagnet loses power, the blocking disc tightly abuts against the tapered surface under the action of gravity or a set electric driving force, completely blocking the upper opening of the channel and blocking the escape of pests and preventing the backflow of pesticide liquid. When the system enters the residue discharge or flushing cycle, the electromagnet is powered on to generate magnetism, thereby driving the blocking disc to move upward, so that the blocking disc is exposed after moving upward to form a connection with the tapered groove. Subsequently, the rotating frame is driven to rotate, and the blocking disc is driven to rotate under the action of magnetic repulsion. The cleaning brushes are arranged in an arc shape, so that the centrally symmetric bristles sweep the bottom of the trap box to scrape off the attached insect carcasses and dust. Subsequently, the insect debris smoothly falls into the inside of the tapered groove under the action of flushing water or gravity, and the self-cleaning of the inside of the trap box is realized through the connection of the electromagnet and the two push rods. In addition, the flow guiding effect of the tapered groove and the guiding effect of the arc-shaped bristles are beneficial to ensuring that each opening and closing is completely residue-free, thereby enabling the pest monitoring assembly to maintain high reliability in the continuous trapping, residue discharging, and self-cleaning cycle.

[0059] Preferably, the switching assembly comprises:

[0060] A blocking pipe is vertically inserted into the inside of the channel, and a second opening is formed in the top of the blocking pipe. The blocking pipe moves upward to form a blockage at the connection of the output pipe;

[0061] A blocking plug is inserted into the inside of the second opening to form a blockage, and the bottom of the blocking plug is fixed to the inner wall of the channel. The blocking pipe moves upward, and the blocking plug is separated from the second opening to form a connection of the channel;

[0062] A second electric telescopic rod is fixed to the inside of the sealing box arranged on the side wall of the connecting pipe, and drives the blocking pipe to vertically move through the end of the telescopic rod;

[0063] In the trapping stage, the blocking assembly blocks the top of the channel, so that the trapping box is completely isolated from the connecting pipe, and the pests cannot escape; when the residue needs to be discharged, the blocking pipe is in the lower position, the second opening at the top of the blocking pipe is closed by the blocking plug fixed to the inner wall of the channel, and the top of the channel is in communication with the output pipe, so that the dead pests can be discharged from the output pipe; when flushing is needed, the second electric telescopic rod pushes the blocking pipe, the blocking plug first leaves the second opening, the channel is instantaneously communicated with the trapping box, the sidewall of the blocking pipe blocks the communication between the output pipe, and the blocking assembly is opened, so that the water flow conveyed along the pipeline enters the inside of the trapping box, and internal circulation flushing or disinfection can be realized, so that the pest control assembly can automatically switch between trapping, residue discharge, cleaning and fertilization in four working conditions quickly, reliably and with low energy consumption.

[0064] Preferably, the pest control assembly further comprises:

[0065] A plurality of electrically controlled automatic nozzles are installed in a circumferential array on the top edge of the rotating base and the top of the first and second scraping strips, and the inside of the rotating base is provided with an internal space in rotational communication with the connecting pipe;

[0066] The rotating base is provided with an annular cavity in rotational sealing with the connecting pipe at all times, so that water, medicine or nutrient solution from the pipeline network of the mounting frame can enter the rotating base without leakage, and the plurality of electrically controlled automatic nozzles arranged at the top of the first and second scraping strips can obtain pressure fluid in real time through the annular cavity; when the rotating base rotates under the driving of the driving member, the nozzles revolve synchronously with the scraping strips and are controlled to spray in pulses, forming a water curtain covering the outer wall of the trapping box and the lens of the visual sensor, and high-pressure flushing or pesticide killing is completed at the same time as mechanical scraping by the scraping strips; when watering, fertilizing or pesticide spraying is needed, the electrically controlled automatic nozzles arranged in a circumferential array on the top edge of the rotating base are controlled to be opened, so that water or fertilizer water can be sprayed outward along the top of the trapping box, the existing pipeline network resources are used to eliminate external water sources or additional pump sets, the water and fertilizer control of crops is realized, and the automation and environmental protection performance of the system are further improved.

[0067] It should be noted that when the electrically controlled automatic nozzles are used for water and fertilizer irrigation, the blocking disc tightly abuts against the conical surface under the action of self-weight or a set electric pushing force, so as to completely block the upper opening of the channel and prevent the backflow of water and fertilizer or pesticide.

[0068] Compared with the prior art, the present application has the following beneficial effects:

[0069] Through continuous trapping-emptying cycle, the increment of insect corpses per unit time is accurately measured, so that the "shading error" and "accumulation error" are simultaneously eliminated, the environmental data and the increment of insect corpses are uploaded to the cloud in real time through the Internet of Things link, the closed-loop management of crop growth and insect situation linkage is realized, and the accuracy and automation level of the whole growth period supervision of agricultural products are significantly improved. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0070] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present application.

[0071] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the structure after the overall section of the present application Figure 1 .

[0072] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the structure after the overall section of the present application Figure 2 .

[0073] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the installation structure of the visual sensor of the present application.

[0074] Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of the structure after the overall section of the present application Figure 2 .

[0075] Figure 6 It is a schematic diagram of the structure after the overall section of the present application Figure 5 .

[0076] Figure 7 It is a schematic diagram of the structure after the overall section of the present application Figure 5 .

[0077] In the figure: 1, mounting chassis; 101, fixing lug; 102, ground nail; 201, threaded plug-in end; 202, threaded sleeve; 203, numerical control connector; 204, numerical control plug-in end; 301, sensor group; 302, connecting seat; 4, trapping box; 401, connecting pipe; 402, electric shock net; 403, control box; 404, trapping agent; 405, trapping lamp; 406, first opening; 407, visual sensor; 5, rotating base; 501, first scraping strip; 502, second scraping strip; 6, motor; 601, moving seat; 602, first electric telescopic rod; 603, first gear; 604, first transmission group; 605, second transmission group; 606, second gear; 607, rotating frame; 7, output pipe; 701, channel; 8, plugging disc; 801, straight rod; 802, electromagnet; 803, push rod; 804, cleaning brush; 9, plugging pipe; 901, second opening; 902, plugging plug; 903, second electric telescopic rod. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0078] The following description is used to disclose the present application so that those skilled in the art can implement the present application. The preferred embodiments in the following description are only as examples, and other obvious modifications can be made by those skilled in the art.

[0079] As shown in Figures 1 to 7 An Internet of Things-based planting supervision data transmission device for agricultural products, comprising a mounting chassis 1, further comprising:

[0080] A plurality of fixing ears 101 are fixed in linear array on one side wall of the mounting chassis 1;

[0081] A plurality of ground nails 102 are respectively inserted into the interior of each fixing ear 101 through the middle threaded portion, and the bottom is inserted into the soil;

[0082] A connecting assembly is installed at both ends of the mounting chassis 1, used for connecting different mounting chassis 1, so that the power supply and numerical control of the connected mounting chassis 1 are connected, and pipeline communication is realized;

[0083] An environmental sensor array is installed on the other side of the mounting chassis 1, used for real-time collection of various data of the planting environment, providing basis for precision planting;

[0084] A pest supervision assembly is installed on the top of the mounting chassis 1, used for supervision and trapping of pests, and trapping at the same time of supervision, and emptying the trapped pests at a specified time to realize the supervision of the trapping amount at a specified time;

[0085] In the prior art, when supervising pests, if pest sensors are used for supervision, due to the existence of agricultural products, a large number of pests will be shielded by the agricultural products themselves, resulting in errors in the supervision data, and when trapping pests for supervision, due to the accumulation of trapped pests, the supervision has errors;

[0086] The embodiment of the present application can solve the above problems, and the specific implementation is as follows: taking the installation chassis 1 as a framework, the whole is stably anchored between crop rows through the array type fixing ear 101 and the ground nail 102, which avoids the shielding of the crop on the environment sensor array and forms a double-layer structure of "ground support-air monitoring", the installation chassis 1 is provided with a connecting assembly at both ends, which can realize cascading of power supply, numerical control and irrigation pipeline of multiple devices, which ensures continuous power supply and data backhaul of field network distribution, and makes the pesticide or nutrient liquid accurately reach each area through the same channel 701, the environment sensor array arranged in the lower layer of the installation chassis 1 can continuously collect data such as temperature, humidity, light and gas without shielding, which provides real-time basis for variable rate fertilization and irrigation, and the upper layer integrates a pest monitoring component, which uses a trapping light source or pheromone to attract pests, and the captured pests are automatically emptied through a timing overturning or scraping mechanism to avoid counting errors caused by accumulation, and the continuous trapping-emptying cycle enables the increment of insect corpses in unit time to be accurately measured, thereby synchronously eliminating "shielding error" and "accumulation error", the whole system uploads the environment data and the increment of insect corpses to the cloud in real time through the Internet of Things link, realizes the closed-loop management of crop growth and pest situation linkage, and significantly improves the accuracy and automation level of the whole growth period supervision of agricultural products.

[0087] As an optional embodiment, the connecting assembly comprises:

[0088] The threaded plug-in end 201 is fixed to one end of the installation chassis 1.

[0089] The threaded sleeve 202 is fixed to the other end of the installation chassis 1, and the threaded sleeve 202 is threadedly sealed matched with the threaded plug-in end 201.

[0090] The numerical control connecting head 203 is fixed to one end of the installation chassis 1.

[0091] The numerical control plug-in end 204 is fixed to the other end of the installation chassis 1, and the numerical control plug-in end 204 is matched with the numerical control connecting head 203.

[0092] When multiple installation chassis 1 need to be cascaded along the planting row, only need to screw the threaded plug-in end 201 of the previous installation chassis 1 into the threaded sleeve 202 of the next installation chassis 1, and the sealing fit of the threaded pair can complete the leak-free docking of the water, pesticide or nutrient solution pipeline in an instant. At the same time, the numerical control plug-in end 204 of the previous installation chassis 1 is inserted into the numerical control connector 203 of the next installation chassis 1, and the power and data signals are conducted through the metal contacts in the instant of plugging, forming a power and communication bus throughout the whole field. The integrated "screw-plug" action not only saves the traditional multiple pipeline and multiple cable connection, but also relies on the threaded sealing and self-locking structure to resist field vibration and soil erosion, which is conducive to long-term operation without leakage and continuous line, thus not only greatly shortens the field layout time and reduces the labor intensity, but also realizes the rapid, reliable and modular expansion of the field Internet of Things node in three dimensions of machinery, electricity and fluid, providing continuous and stable infrastructure support for large-area precision planting supervision.

[0093] As an optional embodiment, the pest and disease monitoring assembly comprises:

[0094] A plurality of connection seats 302 are fixed in a linear array on the other side wall of the installation chassis 1;

[0095] The sensor group 301 comprises a plurality of sensors, and the sensor group 301 comprises one or more of a soil humidity sensor, a soil pH sensor, an air temperature sensor, an air humidity sensor, and an illumination intensity sensor. The middle part of the sensor is threadedly adapted to and numerically controlled connected to the connection seat 302.

[0096] The pest and disease monitoring assembly quickly locks the sensor group 301 to the installation chassis 1 through the linear array of the connection seat 302, forming a "one plug and one screw" modular architecture that completes mechanical positioning and signal conduction. The sensor group 301 covers multiple environmental factors such as soil humidity, pH, air temperature and humidity, and illumination intensity. The probe is close to or deep into the root zone to avoid crop canopy shading, or extends upward to monitor the upper space of the crop canopy, achieving non-blind area and high-frequency data collection. The threaded fit of the connection seat 302 not only provides stable anti-vibration field level sealing, but also allows independent plug-in replacement of a single sensor when maintenance or upgrade is required, without the need to disassemble the entire installation chassis 1, which reduces downtime and allows the transmission array to be flexibly added or reduced according to crop varieties or growth periods, thereby continuously outputting high-precision environmental and pest coupling data at minimal cost, laying a reliable foundation for real-time correction of pest and disease warning models and accurate issuance of variable control instructions.

[0097] As an optional embodiment, the pest and disease monitoring assembly comprises:

[0098] The bottom of the transparent trapping box 4 is fixed with a connecting pipe 401, and the connecting pipe 401 is fixed to the top of the mounting base 1.

[0099] A plurality of first openings 406 are arranged in a circumferential array at the top of the side wall of the trapping box 4.

[0100] The electric shock net 402 is fixed in the interior of the trapping box 4, and divides the interior of the trapping box 4 into a trapping space and a storage space, and the storage space is used for storing trapped pests.

[0101] The control box 403 is installed in the interior of the trapping box 4 and is used for connecting to control the electric shock net 402.

[0102] The trapping agent 404 is installed at the bottom of the trapping space.

[0103] The trapping lamp 405 is installed at the top of the trapping space.

[0104] The visual sensor 407 is installed outside the trapping box 4 and is used for monitoring the pest situation of the planting environment or the number of trapped pests in the interior of the trapping box 4.

[0105] The transparent trapping box 4 is stably erected on the mounting base 1 through the connecting pipe 401 at the bottom, forms a vertical “light-flavor” double-induction channel 701, the circumferential array of the first openings 406 enables the pests to be attracted into the interior of the trapping box 4 by the trapping agent 404 and the trapping lamp 405 from any horizontal direction, after entering, the high-voltage electric shock net 402 immediately knocks down and isolates the pests to the lower storage space, the control box 403 is internally provided with a microprocessor, can adjust the voltage of the electric shock net 402 and the wavelength of the trapping lamp 405 according to the real-time feedback of the environmental sensor array or the visual sensor 407, realizes dynamic energy saving and maximization of trapping efficiency, the storage space is transparent and visible, the external visual sensor 407 can not only count the accumulated number of pests in the interior in real time through the wall, but also scan the crop leaves in the surrounding environment, and supplement the monitoring of pests that are not trapped, so as to fuse the double-source data of “in-box counting” and “field scanning”, eliminate the single monitoring blind area, the structure can complete the pest quantity checking and strategy optimization without opening the trapping box 4, and truly achieve continuous, accurate and low-maintenance pest monitoring network.

[0106] As an optional embodiment, the pest monitoring assembly further comprises:

[0107] The rotating base 5 is rotatably installed at the bottom of the trapping box 4.

[0108] The first scraping strip 501 is fixed to the edge of the rotating base 5 and is attached to the outer wall of the trapping box 4.

[0109] A second scraping strip 502 is fixed to the bottom of the first scraping strip 501 through a connecting frame, and the second scraping strip 502 matches the visual sensor 407;

[0110] A driving member is installed between the connecting pipe 401, the visual sensor 407 and the rotating base 5, and is used to drive the visual sensor 407 to revolve to push the rotating base 5 to rotate to clean the trap box 4, or to drive the visual sensor 407 to rotate to clean the visual sensor 407;

[0111] The driving member takes the connecting pipe 401 as the center, and the visual sensor 407 is used as a “double-mode actuator”. When the trap box 4 needs to be cleaned, the driving member drives the visual sensor 407 to revolve around the connecting pipe 401, so that the installation position of the visual sensor 407 pushes the rotating base 5 to rotate synchronously when rotating, and the first scraping strip 501 fixed to the rotating base 5 sweeps the surface of the wall of the trap box 4 in a circle, so that the dust, insect corpses and dew are removed at one time, and the light transmittance of the trap box 4 is restored. When the visual sensor 407 needs to be cleaned, the driving member first drives the visual sensor 407 to revolve to the second scraping strip 502, and then drives the visual sensor 407 to rotate in the self-rotation mode. The visual sensor 407 rotates at high speed in place, and the adhering objects are shaken off by the centrifugal force. At the same time, the second scraping strip 502 still wipes the edge of the lens for the second time. The whole cleaning action is completed by the same driving member at different times, without the need for an additional motor 6 or manual intervention. The structure is simplified, the power consumption is reduced, the self-maintenance of the trap box 4 and the visual sensor 407 is realized all day long, and the accurate and reliable monitoring performance of the pest monitoring assembly is ensured in long-term outdoor operation.

[0112] As an optional embodiment, the driving member includes:

[0113] A rotating frame 607 is rotatably sleeved on one end of the outer wall of the connecting pipe 401, and is rotatably installed on the other end of the bottom of the visual sensor 407;

[0114] A first electric telescopic rod 602 is fixed to the rotating frame 607, and a movable seat 601 is fixed to the telescopic rod end of the first electric telescopic rod 602. The movable seat 601 is slidably installed on the rotating frame 607;

[0115] A motor 6 is fixedly installed on the bottom of the movable seat 601, and a third gear is fixed to the output shaft of the motor 6;

[0116] A first gear 603 is fixed to the outer wall of the connecting pipe 401;

[0117] A first transmission group 604 is installed on the rotating frame 607. When the third gear moves to match the first transmission group 604, the first transmission group 604 forms a transmission connection between the first gear 603 and the third gear;

[0118] The second gear 606 is fixed to the bottom of the rotating shaft of the visual sensor 407.

[0119] The second transmission group 605 is installed on the rotating frame 607. When the third gear is moved to match the second transmission group 605, the second transmission group 605 forms a transmission connection between the second gear 606 and the third gear.

[0120] The first electric telescopic rod 602 drives the moving seat 601 to slide along the rotating frame 607, so that the third gear at the output end of the motor 6 can selectively engage the first transmission group 604 or the second transmission group 605. When the third gear engages the first transmission group 604, the motor 6 drives the first gear 603 to rotate, and then drives the rotating frame 607 to rotate around the connecting pipe 401, thereby driving the visual sensor 407 to revolve. During the revolution of the visual sensor 407, the first scraping strip 501 is pushed by the rotation of the rotating frame 607 to scrape the outer wall of the trap box 4, thereby maintaining the light transmittance of the trap box 4. When the third gear disengages the first transmission group 604 and engages the second transmission group 605, the motor 6 drives the second gear 606 to rotate to drive the visual sensor 407 to rotate by itself, thereby using centrifugal force to shake off water droplets or dust remaining on the surface of the visual sensor 407, achieving secondary deep cleaning. At the same time, the visual sensor 407 is attached to the second scraping strip 502 during rotation, so that the second scraping strip 502 scrapes the outer wall of the visual sensor 407. This structure uses a single motor 6 and a single telescopic rod to complete two independent cleaning actions, which simplifies field wiring, reduces power consumption and fault points, and ensures that the disease and pest monitoring assembly always maintains a high light transmittance, high clarity, and high precision monitoring state in long-term outdoor operation through the switchable engagement of the gear-transmission group to ensure that the two output paths do not interfere with each other.

[0121] As an optional embodiment, the disease and pest monitoring assembly further comprises:

[0122] The channel 701 is arranged inside the connecting pipe 401.

[0123] The output pipe 7 is fixedly connected to one side of the connecting pipe 401.

[0124] The blocking assembly is installed between the trap box 4 and the channel 701, and is used to block the output channel of the pests during the trapping process.

[0125] The switching assembly is installed between the channel 701 and the output pipe 7, and is used to switch the communication between the channel 701 and the output pipe 7 and the internal pipeline of the installation base 1.

[0126] A channel 701 is preset inside the connecting pipe 401 and directly interfaces with the bottom of the trap box 4. The side wall of the channel 701 is connected to the output pipe 7 and simultaneously communicates with the water / medicine / gas pipe network inside the installation chassis 1 through the switching assembly. In the trapping stage, the blocking assembly seals the upper opening of the channel 701 to prevent pests from escaping or medicine from flowing back. When it is necessary to empty the dead pests or disinfect the box, the blocking assembly is opened, and the switching assembly synchronously switches the channel 701 from the closed state to two modes of the output pipe 7 or the chassis pipe network. If the output pipe 7 is selected, the dead pests are directly discharged to the soil surface or a collection bag outside the field under the action of gravity or flushing water flow, realizing zero manual cleaning. If the switching is to the chassis pipe network, the pest-containing slurry can be introduced into the irrigation pipe network as an organic liquid fertilizer, or the medicine is introduced in the opposite direction to perform a circulating flushing and disinfection of the trap box 4. The integrated channel 701-switching design integrates the four functions of trapping, slagging, cleaning, and fertilizing in the same pipeline, which not only avoids additional disassembly, but also reduces secondary pollution in the field, so that the pest control and monitoring assembly can maintain long-term accurate monitoring while realizing the resource utilization of the pest body and the closed-loop operation of the equipment self-maintenance.

[0127] As an optional embodiment, the blocking assembly comprises:

[0128] A blocking disc 8 is rotatably installed inside the tapered groove at the bottom of the trap box 4, and a magnet block is arranged on one side inside the blocking disc 8;

[0129] A straight rod 801 is fixed to the bottom of the electric shock net 402 and is inserted into the center of the blocking disc 8;

[0130] An electromagnet 802 is fixed to the top of the rotating frame 607 which is sleeved on one end of the connecting pipe 401;

[0131] Two push rods 803 are vertically slidably inserted into the blocking disc 8;

[0132] Two cleaning brushes 804 are fixed to the bottom of the two push rods 803 and are centrally symmetrically arranged;

[0133] When the electromagnet 802 is powered off, the blocking disc 8 is tightly attached to the conical surface under the action of gravity or a set electric driving force, completely blocking the upper part of the channel 701, preventing pests from escaping and preventing the backflow of pesticide liquid. When the system enters the residue discharge or flushing cycle, the electromagnet 802 is powered on to generate magnetism, thereby driving the blocking disc 8 to move upward, so that the conical groove is exposed after the blocking disc 8 moves upward, and then the rotating frame 607 is driven to rotate, and the blocking disc 8 is driven to rotate under the action of magnetic repulsion, and the blocking disc 8 drives the cleaning brush 804 to rotate through the two vertical sliding push rods 803 inserted in the blocking disc 8. The cleaning brush 804 is arranged in an arc shape, so that the brush hairs symmetrically arranged at the center sweep the bottom of the trap box 4 to scrape off the attached insect corpses and dust. Then, the insect debris falls into the conical groove under the action of flushing water or gravity, and the self-cleaning of the inside of the trap box 4 is realized through the communication of the electromagnet 802 and the two push rods 803. In addition, the guiding effect of the conical groove and the guiding effect of the arc-shaped brush hairs are beneficial to ensure that there is no residue after each opening and closing, so that the pest monitoring assembly can always maintain high reliability in the continuous trapping, residue discharge, and self-cleaning cycle.

[0134] As an optional embodiment, the switching assembly comprises:

[0135] The blocking pipe 9 is vertically inserted into the inside of the channel 701, and a second opening 901 is formed at the top of the blocking pipe 9. When the blocking pipe 9 moves upward, the second opening 901 forms a blocking to the communication part of the output pipe 7.

[0136] The blocking plug 902 is inserted into the second opening 901 to form a blocking, and the bottom of the blocking plug 902 is fixed to the inner wall of the channel 701. When the blocking pipe 9 moves upward, the blocking plug 902 is separated from the second opening 901 to form a communication of the channel 701.

[0137] The second electric telescopic rod 903 is fixed to the sealing box inside the side wall of the connecting pipe 401, and drives the blocking pipe 9 to move vertically through the telescopic rod end.

[0138] During the trapping stage, when it is not necessary to discharge pests, the blocking assembly blocks the top of the channel 701, so that the trap box 4 and the connecting pipe 401 are completely isolated, and the pests cannot escape. When it is necessary to discharge residue, the blocking pipe 9 is located at the lower position, the second opening 901 at the top of the blocking pipe 9 is blocked by the blocking plug 902 fixed to the inner wall of the channel 701, and the top of the channel 701 and the output pipe 7 are in a communication state, so that the insect corpses can be discharged from the output pipe 7. When it is necessary to flush, the second electric telescopic rod 903 pushes the blocking pipe 9 upward. First, the blocking plug 902 is separated from the second opening 901, and the channel 701 is instantaneously communicated with the trap box 4. At the same time, the side wall of the blocking pipe 9 forms a blocking to the communication part of the output pipe 7, and the blocking assembly is opened at the same time. The water flow conveyed along the pipeline enters the inside of the trap box 4, which can realize internal circulation flushing or disinfection, so that the pest monitoring assembly can automatically switch between the trapping, residue discharging, cleaning, and fertilizing four working conditions quickly, reliably, and with low energy consumption.

[0139] As an optional embodiment, the pest and disease monitoring component further comprises:

[0140] A plurality of electrically controlled automatic nozzles are installed in a circumferential array on the top edge of the rotating base 5 and the top of the first and second scraping strips 501 and 502, and the interior of the rotating base 5 is provided with an internal space in rotational communication with the connecting pipe 401;

[0141] The rotating base 5 is provided with an annular cavity that is always in rotational sealing with the connecting pipe 401, so that water, medicine or nutrient solution from the pipe network of the installation chassis 1 can enter the rotating base 5 without leakage, and the plurality of electrically controlled automatic nozzles provided at the top of the first and second scraping strips 501 and 502 can obtain pressure fluid in real time through the annular cavity. When the rotating base 5 rotates under the driving of the driving member, the nozzles revolve synchronously with the scraping strips and are controlled to be pulsed, forming a water curtain covering the outer wall of the trapping box 4 and the lens of the visual sensor 407. High-pressure flushing or pesticide killing is completed at the same time as mechanical scraping by the scraping strips. When watering or fertilizing, pesticide spraying is needed, the electrically controlled automatic nozzles arranged in a circumferential array on the top edge of the rotating base 5 are controlled to be opened, so that the water flow or fertilizer water can be sprayed outward along the top of the trapping box 4. By using the existing pipe network resources, external water sources or additional pump groups are avoided, the control of water and fertilizer for crops is realized, and the automation and environmental protection performance of the system are further improved.

[0142] It should be noted that when water and fertilizer irrigation is carried out by using the electrically controlled automatic nozzles, the blocking disc 8 is tightly attached to the conical surface under the action of self-weight or a set electric driving force, completely blocking the upper opening of the channel 701, and preventing the backflow of water and fertilizer or pesticide solution.

[0143] The working principle of the present application is as follows: the installation chassis 1 is used as a framework, and the whole is stably anchored between crop rows through the array type fixing ears 101 and ground nails 102, which not only avoids the shielding of crops on the environment sensor array, but also forms a double-layer structure of "ground support-air monitoring". The installation chassis 1 is provided with a connecting component at both ends, which can realize the cascade of power supply, numerical control and irrigation pipeline of multiple devices, ensuring continuous power supply and data transmission for field network distribution, and making pesticide or nutrient solution accurately reach each area through the same channel 701. The environment sensor array arranged in the lower layer of the installation chassis 1 can continuously collect data such as temperature, humidity, light and gas without shielding, providing real-time basis for variable rate fertilization and irrigation. The upper layer integrates the pest and disease monitoring component, which uses trapping light sources or pheromones to attract pests. The captured pests are automatically emptied by the timing overturning or scraping mechanism, avoiding counting errors caused by accumulation. The continuous trapping-emptying cycle enables the increment of insect corpses in unit time to be accurately measured, thereby synchronously eliminating "shielding errors" and "accumulation errors". The whole system uploads the environment data and insect corpse increment to the cloud in real time through the Internet of Things link, realizes the closed-loop management of crop growth and pest situation linkage, and significantly improves the accuracy and automation level of the whole growth period supervision of agricultural products.

[0144] The foregoing is considered as illustrative only of the principles of the application. Further, since numerous modifications and changes will readily occur to those skilled in the art, it is not desired to limit the application to the exact construction and practice described. Accordingly, all such variations and modifications are intended to be included within the scope of the application as defined in the following claims.

Claims

1. An Internet of Things-based planting supervision data transmission device for agricultural products, comprising a mounting chassis (1), characterized in that, Also include: A plurality of fixed ears (101) are fixed on one side of the installation chassis (1) in a linear array; A plurality of ground nails (102) are respectively inserted into the inside of each fixed ear (101) through the middle threaded, and the bottom is inserted into the soil; A connection assembly is installed at both ends of the installation chassis (1) for connecting different installation chassis (1) to make the connected installation chassis (1) power and numerical control connection, and realize pipeline communication; An environmental sensor array is installed on the other side of the installation chassis (1) for real-time collection of various data of the planting environment to provide basis for precision planting; A pest monitoring component is installed on the top of the installation chassis (1) for monitoring and trapping pests, and at the same time, the trapped pests are emptied at regular intervals to realize the monitoring of the trapping amount at a specified time. 2.The planting supervision data transmission device for agricultural products based on the Internet of Things according to claim 1, characterized in that, The connection assembly includes: A threaded plug-in end (201) is fixed to one end of the installation chassis (1); A threaded sleeve (202) is fixed to the other end of the installation chassis (1), and the threaded sleeve (202) is threadedly sealed matched with the threaded plug-in end (201); A numerical control connector (203) is fixed to one end of the installation chassis (1); A numerical control plug-in end (204) is fixed to the other end of the installation chassis (1), and the numerical control plug-in end (204) is matched with the numerical control connector (203). 3.The planting supervision data transmission device for agricultural products based on the Internet of Things according to claim 1, characterized in that, The pest monitoring component includes: A plurality of connection seats (302) are fixed on the other side wall of the installation chassis (1) in a linear array; A sensor group (301) includes a plurality of sensors, the sensor group (301) includes but is not limited to one or more of soil humidity sensor, soil pH sensor, air temperature sensor, air humidity sensor, and light intensity sensor, the middle part of the sensor is threadedly adapted with the connection seat (302) and numerically connected. 4.The planting supervision data transmission device for agricultural products based on the Internet of Things according to claim 1, characterized in that, The pest monitoring component includes: A trapping box (4) is transparently arranged, the bottom of the trapping box (4) is fixed with a connecting pipe (401), and the connecting pipe (401) is fixed to the top of the installation chassis (1); A plurality of first openings (406) are arranged in a circumferential array on the top of the side wall of the trapping box (4); An electric shock net (402) is fixed inside the trapping box (4), which divides the inside of the trapping box (4) into a trapping space and a storage space, and the storage space is used for storing trapped pests; A control box (403) is installed inside the trapping box (4) for connecting and controlling the electric shock net (402); A trapping agent (404) is installed at the bottom of the trapping space; A trapping lamp (405) is installed at the top of the trapping space; A visual sensor (407) is installed outside the trapping box (4) for monitoring the pest situation of the planting environment or the number of trapped pests inside the trapping box (4). 5.The IoT-based planting supervision data transmission device for agricultural products according to claim 4, characterized in that, The pest monitoring component further includes: A rotating base (5) is rotatably installed at the bottom of the trapping box (4); A first scraping strip (501) is fixed to the edge of the rotating base (5) and adheres to the outer wall of the trap box (4); A second scraping strip (502) is fixed to the bottom of the first scraping strip (501) through a connecting frame, and the second scraping strip (502) matches the visual sensor (407); A driving member is installed between the connecting pipe (401), the visual sensor (407) and the rotating base (5), which is used to drive the visual sensor (407) to revolve to push the rotating base (5) to rotate to clean the trap box (4), or to drive the visual sensor (407) to rotate to realize the cleaning of the visual sensor (407). 6.The IoT-based planting supervision data transmission device for agricultural products according to claim 5, characterized in that, The driving member comprises: A rotating frame (607) is rotatably sleeved on one end of the outer wall of the connecting pipe (401) and rotatably installed on the other end of the bottom of the visual sensor (407); A first electric telescopic rod (602) is fixed to the rotating frame (607), and the telescopic rod end of the first electric telescopic rod (602) is fixed with a moving seat (601) which is slidingly installed on the rotating frame (607); A motor (6) is fixedly installed on the bottom of the moving seat (601), and the output shaft of the motor (6) is fixed with a third gear; A first gear (603) is fixed to the outer wall of the connecting pipe (401); A first transmission group (604) is installed on the rotating frame (607), and when the third gear moves to match the first transmission group (604), the first transmission group (604) forms a transmission connection between the first gear (603) and the third gear; A second gear (606) is fixed to the bottom of the rotating shaft of the visual sensor (407); A second transmission group (605) is installed on the rotating frame (607), and when the third gear moves to match the second transmission group (605), the second transmission group (605) forms a transmission connection between the second gear (606) and the third gear. 7.The IoT-based planting supervision data transmission device for agricultural products according to claim 5, characterized in that, The pest monitoring assembly further comprises: A channel (701) is arranged in the inside of the connecting pipe (401); An output pipe (7) is fixedly connected to one side of the connecting pipe (401); A blocking assembly is installed between the trap box (4) and the channel (701), which is used to block the output channel of the pests during the trapping process; A switching assembly is installed between the channel (701) and the output pipe (7), which is used to switch the communication of the channel (701), the output pipe (7) and the internal pipeline of the installation chassis (1). 8.The IoT-based planting supervision data transmission device for agricultural products according to claim 7, characterized in that, The blocking assembly comprises: A blocking disc (8) is rotatably installed in the tapered groove at the bottom of the trap box (4), and one side of the inside of the blocking disc (8) is provided with a magnet block; A straight rod (801) is fixed to the bottom of the electric shock net (402) and is inserted into the center of the blocking disc (8); An electromagnet (802) is fixed to the top of one end of the rotating frame (607) which is sleeved on the connecting pipe (401). Two push rods (803) are vertically and slidably inserted into the blocking disc (8); Two cleaning brushes (804) are fixed to the bottom of the two push rods (803) and are symmetrically arranged. 9.The IoT-based planting supervision data transmission device for agricultural products according to claim 7, characterized in that, The switching assembly comprises: A blocking pipe (9) is vertically inserted into the channel (701) and has a second opening (901) formed at the top. When the blocking pipe (9) moves upward, the communication of the output pipe (7) is blocked. A blocking plug (902) is inserted into the second opening (901) to block the communication. The bottom of the blocking plug (902) is fixed to the inner wall of the channel (701). When the blocking pipe (9) moves upward, the blocking plug (902) is separated from the second opening (901) to form the communication of the channel (701). A second electric telescopic rod (903) is fixed to the sealing box arranged on the side wall of the connecting pipe (401) to vertically move the blocking pipe (9) through the telescopic rod. 10.The IoT-based planting supervision data transmission device for agricultural products of claim 5, wherein, The pest monitoring assembly further comprises: A plurality of electrically controlled automatic nozzles are circumferentially arranged on the top edge of the rotating base (5) and the top of the first and second scraping strips (501 and 502). The interior of the rotating base (5) is provided with an internal space in communication with the connecting pipe (401).

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