Flexible miniature organic hyperspectrometer and spectrum wireless communication method

Abstract

The invention provides a flexible miniature organic hyperspectrometer and a spectrum wireless communication method. The flexible miniature organic hyperspectrometer comprises a photoelectric detector array composed of a plurality of photoelectric detectors; the photoelectric detector array comprises a flexible substrate, a surface coating and an organic optical adjusting layer, wherein the surface coating is prepared by carrying out regional spin coating on the surface of the flexible substrate by a plurality of organic photosensitive materials, and the organic optical adjustment layer is prepared by carrying out spin coating photoetching on the back surface of the flexible substrate by an organic photoelectric material; according to the technical scheme, spectrum analysis and data transmission can be integrated on the micro spectrometer, and the response speed and the data transmission efficiency of the micro spectrometer are improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of optical communication technology, and in particular to a flexible miniature organic hyperspectrometer and a spectral wireless communication method. Background Technology

[0002] Optical Wireless Communication (OWC), as a communication method that utilizes the vast and underutilized spectrum resources of the visible to near-infrared band (400-800THz), has become a transformative solution in today's communication networks.

[0003] Optical wireless communication based on high-speed spectral wireless communication (SWC) systems can maximize spectrum utilization efficiency, thereby achieving higher transmission rates. In order to realize this advanced system suitable for modern electronic devices, the spectrometer, as the core component of SWC, must have ultra-fast response speed, wide bandwidth, high resolution and high precision, while also having a miniaturized, flexible and lightweight structure.

[0004] Benchtop spectrometers exhibit high spectral resolution and accuracy over a wide spectral range; however, they contain bulky optical components whose slow mechanical movement severely hinders their integration with lightweight electronic devices and significantly reduces spectral acquisition speed. Miniaturized computational spectrometers, combining organic photodetectors (OPDs), wavelength multiplexing principles, and advanced algorithms, have reduced the spectrometer's size; however, their detectors typically suffer from slow response times, thus prolonging the photocurrent matrix generation time.

[0005] Therefore, regardless of the type of spectrometer used, these time-consuming processes for generating the photocurrent matrix inherently delay real-time and fast spectral resolution, significantly reduce data transmission rates, and limit their application in high-speed spectral communication. Summary of the Invention

[0006] This application provides a flexible miniature organic hyperspectral analyzer and a spectral wireless communication method, which solves the problems of slow response speed and low data transmission rate of spectrometers in the prior art, and improves the response speed and data transmission efficiency of miniature spectrometers.

[0007] To achieve the above objectives, the technical solution of this application embodiment is as follows:

[0008] In a first aspect, this application provides a flexible miniature organic hyperspectral analyzer, the flexible miniature organic hyperspectral analyzer comprising: a photodetector array composed of multiple photodetectors;

[0009] The photodetector array includes a flexible substrate, a surface coating, and an organic optical modulation layer;

[0010] The surface coating is formed by spin-coating various organic photosensitive materials onto the surface of the flexible substrate in different regions, and the organic optical adjustment layer is formed by spin-coating organic optoelectronic materials onto the back side of the flexible substrate using photolithography.

[0011] In one possible implementation, the photodetector array is obtained in the following manner:

[0012] Multiple organic photosensitive materials are sequentially spin-coated onto different areas of the flexible substrate surface;

[0013] A grid-shaped photoresist is spin-coated onto the back of the flexible substrate, and a grid structure is formed by photolithography.

[0014] Organic photoelectric material is spin-coated within the mesh structure to form the organic optical modulation layer, thereby obtaining the photodetector array.

[0015] In one possible implementation, the photodetector array is formed by arranging multiple photodetectors in an m*n configuration; the flexible substrate is a glass substrate.

[0016] In one possible implementation, the organic photosensitive material includes PM6:Y6, PBDB-T:FO-2Cl, PBDB-T:ITIC, and PBDB-T:FM.

[0017] In one possible implementation, the proportions of PM6:Y6, PBDB-T:FO-2Cl, PBDB-T:ITIC, and PBDB-T:FM in the spin-coated area on the flexible substrate surface are 70%, 10%, 10%, and 10%, respectively.

[0018] In one possible implementation, the photodetector has a linear dynamic range greater than 100 dB; the photodetector has a specific detectivity greater than 10. 12 Jones.

[0019] In one possible implementation, the flexible micro organic hyperspectrometer has a spectral detection range of 400-900 nm.

[0020] In one possible implementation, the spacing between photodetectors in the flexible micro organic hyperspectrometer is 300 μm, and the size of the photodetector array is 4 × 4 mm. 2 .

[0021] Secondly, this application provides a spectral wireless communication method applied to a flexible miniature organic hyperspectral analyzer, the method comprising:

[0022] The flexible miniature organic hyperspectrometer is calibrated based on known monochromatic light.

[0023] A responsivity matrix is ​​constructed based on the responsivity values ​​of each photodetector in the calibrated flexible miniature organic hyperspectrometer.

[0024] The flexible miniature organic hyperspectrometer is illuminated by a high-frequency modulated optical signal; the high-frequency modulated optical signal carries high-speed binary state information.

[0025] The photocurrent generated by each photodetector in the flexible miniature organic hyperspectrometer at different times is collected to form a photocurrent matrix;

[0026] By combining the responsivity matrix and the photocurrent matrix, the information carried by the high-frequency modulated optical signal can be obtained.

[0027] In one possible implementation, the combined responsivity matrix and photocurrent matrix are solved using the following formula:

[0028]

[0029] Where R((m,n),λ) represents the responsivity of the photodetector at position (m,n) to a light signal of wavelength λ, F(λ,t) represents the function of the light signal, and I((m,n),t) is the photocurrent of the photodetector at position (m,n) at a specific time t.

[0030] One or more technical solutions provided in the embodiments of this application have at least the following technical effects or advantages:

[0031] This application embodiment uses photosensitive materials with different photoresponse characteristics to make a photodetector array, which improves the difference in responsivity between photodetectors and thus improves the response speed of the spectrometer. The flexible miniature organic hyperspectral analyzer composed of the photodetector array also has the advantages of high spectral resolution, wide bandwidth and fast response. Data transmission based on the flexible miniature organic hyperspectral analyzer realizes the combination of spectral analysis and data transmission, thereby ensuring stability and security while achieving high throughput. Attached Figure Description

[0032] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of this application or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments of this application or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are some embodiments of this application. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0033] Figure 1A structural diagram of a flexible miniature organic hyperspectrometer provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0034] Figure 2 A schematic diagram of a flexible miniature organic hyperspectral analyzer provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0035] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a photodetector provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0036] Figure 4 A schematic diagram of a photodetector array provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0037] Figure 5 A flowchart illustrating a spectral wireless communication method provided in this application embodiment;

[0038] Figure 6 A schematic diagram of a spectral wireless communication method provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0039] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of a high-speed encrypted spectral wireless communication based on a flexible micro organic hyperspectrometer, provided as an embodiment of this application. Detailed Implementation

[0040] The technical solutions of the embodiments of this application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some, not all, of the embodiments of this application. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of this application without creative effort are within the scope of protection of this application.

[0041] First, the application scenario of this application will be introduced. This application is applied in the scenario of spectral analysis and data transmission of incident light signals.

[0042] Optical wireless communication, which utilizes the vast and underutilized spectrum resources of the visible to near-infrared band (400–800 THz), has become a transformative solution in today's communication networks.

[0043] Optical wireless communication based on the SWC system can maximize spectrum utilization efficiency, thereby achieving higher transmission rates. In order to realize this advanced system suitable for modern electronic devices, the spectrometer, as the core component of the SWC, must have ultra-fast response speed, wide bandwidth, high resolution and high precision, while also having a miniaturized, flexible and lightweight structure.

[0044] Benchtop spectrometers exhibit high spectral resolution and accuracy over a wide spectral range; however, their bulky optical components, coupled with their slow mechanical movement, severely hinder integration with lightweight electronic devices and significantly reduce spectral acquisition speed. Miniaturized computational spectrometers, combining photodetectors, wavelength multiplexing principles, and advanced algorithms, have reduced the spectrometer's size; however, their photodetectors typically suffer from slow response times, thus prolonging the generation time of the photocurrent matrix.

[0045] Therefore, regardless of the type of spectrometer used, these time-consuming processes for generating the photocurrent matrix inherently delay real-time and fast spectral resolution, significantly reduce data transmission rates, and limit their application in high-speed spectral communication.

[0046] To address the aforementioned issues, this application provides a flexible miniature organic hyperspectral imager and a spectral wireless communication method. The flexible miniature organic hyperspectral imager includes a photodetector array composed of multiple photodetectors. This photodetector array comprises a flexible substrate, a surface coating, and an organic optical adjustment layer. The surface coating is formed by spin-coating various organic photosensitive materials onto the surface of the flexible substrate in different regions. The organic optical adjustment layer is formed by spin-coating organic photoelectric materials onto the back side of the flexible substrate using photolithography. Through this technical solution, the photodetector array is made from photosensitive materials with different photoresponse characteristics, improving the difference in responsivity between the photodetectors and thus increasing the response speed of the spectrometer. The flexible miniature organic hyperspectral imager composed of the photodetector array also possesses advantages such as high spectral resolution, wide bandwidth, and fast response. Data transmission based on the flexible miniature organic hyperspectral imager combines spectral analysis with data transmission, thereby achieving high throughput while ensuring robustness and security.

[0047] Figure 1 A structural diagram of a flexible miniature organic hyperspectrometer provided in this application embodiment is shown below. Figure 1 As shown, the flexible miniature organic hyperspectral analyzer 100 includes a photodetector array 120 composed of multiple photodetectors 110; the photodetector array 120 includes a flexible substrate 121, a surface coating 122, and an organic optical adjustment layer 123; wherein, the surface coating 122 is formed by spin-coating a variety of organic photosensitive materials on the surface of the flexible substrate 121 in different regions, and the organic optical adjustment layer 123 is formed by spin-coating organic photoelectric materials on the back side of the flexible substrate by photolithography.

[0048] In one possible implementation, the photodetector array is formed by arranging multiple photodetectors in an m*n configuration; the flexible substrate can be a glass substrate.

[0049] For example, the flexible substrate can also be ITO or PET-ITO.

[0050] Example, Figure 1 a is a structural block diagram of the flexible miniature organic hyperspectral analyzer 100. Figure 1 b is a cross-sectional view of the photodetector array 120 in the flexible micro organic hyperspectrometer 100. It can be seen that multiple photodetectors 110 are arranged in an m*n pattern to form the photodetector array 120. The cross-section of the photodetector array 120 from top to bottom consists of a surface coating 122, a flexible substrate 121, and an organic optical adjustment layer 123.

[0051] For example, various organic photosensitive materials have different absorption characteristics. When they are spin-coated onto different regions of a flexible substrate, different regions of the flexible substrate can have different responsivity. That is, photodetectors in different regions can have different responsivity, resulting in differences in responsivity between photodetectors, thereby improving the response speed of the photodetectors.

[0052] For example, you can refer to Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of a flexible miniature organic hyperspectral imager provided in an embodiment of this application. The flexible miniature organic hyperspectral imager consists of an array of organic photodetectors with different responsivity, and can operate under illumination by high-frequency modulated LEDs (light signals) of different wavelengths. By combining a photodetector array with variable responsivity with a spectrally tunable organic optical adjustment layer, the overall response of the photodetector array can be efficiently controlled, generating a highly differentiated responsivity matrix. Therefore, this flexible miniature organic hyperspectral imager can effectively reconstruct unknown spectra with high precision and high resolution.

[0053] Among them, R 11 R 12 ...R 1n R 21 R 22 ...R 2n , ..., R 11 R 1m ...R mn λ1, λ2, ..., λ3 represent photodetectors with different responsivity. n-1 , λ n This represents high-frequency modulated LEDs with different wavelengths. Figure 2 In the line graph on the right, the horizontal axis represents time in nanoseconds (ns), and the vertical axis represents wavelength in nanometers (nm). The broken lines in the graph represent λ1, λ2, ..., λ... n-1 , λ n It carries high-speed binary status information.

[0054] Through the above technical solutions, photodetector arrays are made based on photosensitive materials with different photoresponse characteristics, which improves the difference in responsivity between photodetectors and thus improves the response speed of the spectrometer. The flexible miniature organic hyperspectral instrument composed of photodetector arrays also has advantages such as high spectral resolution, wide bandwidth and fast response. Data transmission based on the flexible miniature organic hyperspectral instrument realizes the combination of spectral analysis and data transmission, thereby ensuring stability and security while achieving high throughput.

[0055] In one possible implementation, the photodetector array 120 is obtained by: sequentially spin-coating various organic photosensitive materials onto different areas of the surface of the flexible substrate 121; spin-coating a mesh-like photoresist on the back of the flexible substrate 121 and forming a mesh structure through a photolithography process; and spin-coating organic photoelectric materials within the mesh structure to form the organic optical adjustment layer 123, thereby obtaining the photodetector array.

[0056] In one possible implementation, the organic photosensitive material may include PM6:Y6, PBDB-T:FO-2Cl, PBDB-T:ITIC, and PBDB-T:FM.

[0057] In one possible implementation, PM6:Y6, PBDB-T:FO-2Cl, PBDB-T:ITIC, and PBDB-T:FM account for 70%, 10%, 10%, and 10% of the spin-coated area on the flexible substrate surface, respectively.

[0058] In one possible implementation, the photodetector has a linear dynamic range greater than 100 dB; the photodetector has a specific detectivity greater than 10. 12 Jones.

[0059] In one possible implementation, the flexible micro organic hyperspectrometer has a spectral detection range of 400-900 nm.

[0060] The following is through Figure 3 The structure and manufacturing process of the photodetector are described. (Refer to...) Figure 3 , Figure 3 Figures (i)-(iii) in section a are schematic diagrams of the structure and manufacturing process of a photodetector, illustrating the manufacturing process of a flexible miniature organic hyperspectral imager and a schematic diagram of an optical detector (OPD) unit including an organic optical adjustment layer (OAL). The manufacturing process flow is as follows:

[0061] First, an OPD array containing four organic photosensitive materials was fabricated using a low-cost solution processing technique, and then an OAL array was fabricated using a combination of photolithography and solution processing techniques. Specifically, this process includes the following two steps:

[0062] (1) A variety of organic photosensitive materials with different detection ranges were sequentially spin-coated to prepare an OPD array of various organic material systems;

[0063] (2) By combining spin coating and photolithography, an organic optical adjustment layer (OAL) array with different absorption characteristics is prepared on the back side of the OPD array.

[0064] In theory, any number or type of organic photosensitive material can be freely selected to fabricate OPD arrays, greatly enhancing design flexibility. To simplify the fabrication process and achieve diverse responsivity, four different organic photosensitive materials were selected and sequentially spin-coated onto a flexible substrate (ITO / glass substrate) to fabricate individual OPDs. Subsequently, a layer of photoresist was spin-coated onto the other side of the flexible substrate, and a mesh structure matching the size of the OPD unit was formed by photolithography. OAL with customized absorption properties was then spin-coated within these meshes to modulate the responsivity of the OPDs, eliminating the need for additional encapsulation or integration.

[0065] This simple device structure has three major advantages: 1) Due to the simple solution processing and device structure, OPD arrays prepared with the same photosensitive material exhibit extremely low batch-to-batch and device-to-device performance differences, which is conducive to large-scale, low-cost industrial production; 2) The modular design allows for flexible replacement of both organic photosensitive materials and OAL materials, providing greater design freedom to improve spectral resolution and expand application range; 3) The photodetector array can be fabricated on a variety of rigid and flexible substrates, making it widely applicable. Since the OAL is located on the back of the OPD array and does not involve any electronic dynamic activity, a single OPD can fully retain its original photoelectric properties, including low dark current, high specific detectivity, and fast response speed.

[0066] Secondly, this application selects four organic photosensitive materials: PM6:Y6, PBDB-T:FO-2Cl, PBDB-T:ITIC, and PBDB-T:FM, because they exhibit different detection ranges and higher response speeds in the original OPD (i.e., OPD without OAL). The selection of the above four organic photosensitive materials was determined by the technicians through a large number of experiments, and will not be elaborated here.

[0067] like Figure 3 Figure b shows the current-voltage (JV) curves of OPDs prepared from four organic photosensitive materials. It can be seen that the OPDs prepared using these four organic photosensitive materials exhibit ultra-low dark current (less than 10 JV) when tested individually. -9 A / cm 2 This ensures extremely low noise detection capability even in low light conditions.

[0068] like Figure 3Figure c shows the response curves of four OPDs without OAL and three OPDs with OAL. The OPDs without OAL refer to spin-coated PM6:Y6, PBDB-T:FO-2Cl, PBDB-T:ITIC, and PBDB-T:FM, respectively. The three OPDs with OAL refer to spin-coated PM6:Y6 with OAL. broadband OAL narrowband OPD, and spin-coated PBDB-T:FO-2Cl with OAL narrowband The OPD without OAL exhibits high and varied responsivity in the visible to near-infrared region (400–900 nm) at zero bias.

[0069] To further adjust the OPD responsivity, the component ratios, concentrations, and spin-coating process parameters of the OAL mixed solution can be finely controlled, allowing for flexible and precise adjustment of the OPD responsivity. It can be seen that OPD containing OAL exhibits a decrease in responsivity due to the different absorption characteristics of OAL, but the differences are significant. This responsivity modulation significantly improves the spectral accuracy and resolution of the organic spectrometer.

[0070] like Figure 3 As shown in d, the noise power spectral density of OPDs prepared from four organic photosensitive materials in the dark state is shown.

[0071] like Figure 3 Figure e shows a schematic diagram of the detection sensitivity D* of OPDs prepared from four organic photosensitive materials. Specific detectivity (D*) is an important indicator of a photodetector's ability to detect extremely weak light signals, defined as follows: Where R is the responsiveness, S n B is noise, A is bandwidth, and B is the effective area of ​​the photodetector. The noise is obtained by performing a Fast Fourier Transform (FFT) on the dark current.

[0072] It can be seen that the noise of OPDs prepared from the four organic photosensitive materials is all below 10. -12 AHz -1 / 2 Therefore, the OPD prepared from these four organic photosensitive materials all exhibited values ​​exceeding 10. 12 Jones's high D * The values ​​ensure their ability to detect extremely weak light signals when used for spectral wireless communication. Although the spectral filtering introduced by OAL causes a slight decrease and change in responsivity, the OPD with OAL also shows only a slight decrease and change in D* accordingly.

[0073] like Figure 3f shows the -3dB bandwidth of OPDs prepared from four organic photosensitive materials. Response speed, as the most critical parameter for OPDs used in high-speed optical wireless communication, is determined by the response time (t) and the -3dB bandwidth f. -3dB To quantify. By Figure 3 As can be seen from f, the OPDs prepared using PM6:Y6, PBDB-T:FO-2Cl, PBDB-T:ITIC and PBDB-T:FM have response times of 684 nanoseconds, 7.54 microseconds, 5.13 microseconds and 7.06 microseconds, respectively, and corresponding -3dB bandwidths of 1.1MHz, 111kHz, 128kHz and 97kHz, respectively.

[0074] Since OAL is deposited on the back side of the OPD and does not involve any electronic dynamic processes, the OPD with OAL fully retains the high-speed response characteristics of the original OPD, ensuring high-speed data transmission in SWC.

[0075] like Figure 3 Figure g shows the linear dynamic range (LDR) of OPDs prepared from four organic photosensitive materials. LDR is defined as: Among them, J upper and J lower These represent the maximum and minimum output photocurrent values ​​(unit: A / cm). 2 As can be seen, the LDR of the OPDs prepared from the four organic photosensitive materials all exceed 100dB, thus ensuring stable and repeatable operation over a wide illumination range, which is a necessary prerequisite for spectral communication systems to adapt to complex environments.

[0076] In one possible implementation, the spacing between photodetectors in this flexible miniature organic hyperspectrometer is 300 μm, and the size of the photodetector array is 4 × 4 mm. 2 .

[0077] In another possible implementation, the flexible photodetector array in this flexible miniature organic hyperspectrometer can also be replaced with a rigid photodetector array, as described below. Figure 4 The process of spectral reconstruction in an organic hyperspectrometer composed of a rigid photodetector array is explained.

[0078] like Figure 4 Figure a shows a rigid photodetector OPD array. This device has a pixel pitch of 1500 μm, a fill factor of 65%, and a total effective area of ​​1.7 × 1.7 cm². 2 Since the size of the OPD is mainly determined by the area of ​​the top electrode prepared by thermal evaporation and a pre-designed mask, the size of the spectrometer can be easily adjusted by simply changing the size and shape of the mask.

[0079] To further miniaturize organic spectrometers, researchers fabricated OPDs with a pixel pitch of 300 μm, reducing the overall device size to 4 mm × 4 mm. This small-sized organic hyperspectral imager successfully reconstructed narrowband and quasi-monochromatic spectra. Because the organic hyperspectral imager is composed of independent OPD units, it effectively eliminates electrical crosstalk effects during photocurrent measurement, ensuring reliable and repeatable spectral reconstruction in practical applications. Furthermore, by simultaneously acquiring the photocurrent of these OPD arrays, rapid spectral reconstruction and improved communication speeds are possible.

[0080] like Figure 4 Figure b shows the reconstructed quasi-monochromatic spectrum (solid line, Organic spectrometer) and its corresponding reference spectrum measured by a commercial spectrometer (dashed line, Commercial spectrometer). It can be seen that the flexible miniature organic hyperspectral analyzer of this application reconstructed a quasi-monochromatic spectrum (dashed line) with a full width at half maximum (FWHM) of approximately 8 nm within a wide spectral range of 400–900 nm, and the result is in high agreement with the reference spectrum (dashed line) recorded by the commercial spectrometer.

[0081] like Figure 4 Figure c shows the wavelength resolution (top), spectral accuracy (middle figure, the difference in peak wavelength between the reconstructed and reference spectra), and the peak signal-to-noise ratio (PSNR, bottom figure) of the flexible miniature organic hyperspectral analyzer. Here, spectral accuracy Δλ (the difference between the peak values ​​of the reconstructed and reference spectra) and resolution (R) are introduced. λ The fidelity of spectral reconstruction was quantitatively evaluated using the peak signal-to-noise ratio (PSNR) and the average spectral accuracy (Δλ) of 0.60 nm. It can be seen that the flexible miniature organic hyperspectral analyzer exhibits an average spectral accuracy Δλ of 0.60 nm, a wavelength resolution of up to 2000 nm, and a peak signal-to-noise ratio of 28 dB, demonstrating excellent consistency with the reference spectrum measured by commercial spectrometers.

[0082] like Figure 4 Figure d shows the reconstructed spectrum of broadband incident light and its corresponding reference spectrum. Spectral resolution refers to the ability to distinguish between two closest spectral peaks, playing a crucial role in spectral utilization efficiency in spectral wireless communication (SWC) systems. Therefore, high spectral resolution will significantly improve the data transmission speed and capacity of spectral wireless communication systems.

[0083] like Figure 4 As shown in e, to evaluate the spectral resolution, the organic hyperspectral instrument was illuminated with closely spaced monochromatic light in the wavelength range of approximately 840 to 860 nm, successfully resolving subtle spectral features with a spectral resolution as high as 1.08 nm.

[0084] Thanks to the high responsivity of the photodetector array across the full spectral range of 400–900 nm, the flexible miniature organic hyperspectral analyzer can also accurately reconstruct various quasi-monochromatic lights (full width at half maximum (FWHM) = 4 nm) and narrowband spectra (FWHM = 30 nm). For example... Figure 4 As shown in f, the reconstructed narrowband spectrum (solid line) is highly consistent with the reference spectrum (dashed line) obtained by the commercial spectrometer in both shape and central peak position. When the device is illuminated with broadband white light in the 400-700 nm range, the organic hyperspectral analyzer can also successfully reconstruct the spectrum with high fidelity, verifying its robustness and applicability in broadband spectral wireless communication.

[0085] like Figure 4 As shown in g, the simultaneously reconstructed visible and near-infrared spectra (achieved) show that the results are in high agreement with the reference spectrum (dashed line) recorded by commercial spectrometers.

[0086] This organic hyperspectral analyzer, composed of a rigid photodetector array, achieves nanosecond-level dynamic spectral reconstruction capabilities thanks to its high-speed response. To verify this capability, such as... Figure 4 As shown in h and 4i, dynamic spectral reconstruction was performed here using narrowband light irradiated with 10 kHz modulation. The reconstructed spectrum reliably reproduced the time-varying spectral morphology measured by commercial instruments, indicating that the high-speed organic hyperspectral analyzer can effectively capture the dynamic spectrum in high-speed SWC.

[0087] Figure 5 The present application provides a spectral wireless communication method for use in a flexible miniature organic hyperspectral analyzer, which may include the following steps.

[0088] S501. Based on known monochromatic light, calibrate the flexible miniature organic hyperspectral instrument.

[0089] For example, the process of calibrating a spectrometer using known monochromatic light has been disclosed in relevant technical literature and will not be repeated here.

[0090] S502. Based on the responsivity values ​​of each photodetector in the calibrated flexible miniature organic hyperspectrometer, a responsivity matrix is ​​constructed.

[0091] S503. Irradiate the flexible miniature organic hyperspectrometer with a high-frequency modulated light signal; the high-frequency modulated light signal carries high-speed binary state information.

[0092] S504. Collect the photocurrent generated by each photodetector in the flexible miniature organic hyperspectrometer at different times to form a photocurrent matrix.

[0093] S505. By combining the responsivity matrix and the photocurrent matrix, the information carried by the high-frequency modulated optical signal can be obtained.

[0094] The above technical solution enables data transmission based on a flexible miniature organic hyperspectral analyzer, combining spectral analysis with data transmission, thus ensuring both high throughput and robust security.

[0095] In one possible implementation, the combined responsivity matrix and photocurrent matrix are solved using the following formula: Where R((m,n),λ) represents the responsivity of the photodetector at position (m,n) to a light signal of wavelength λ, F(λ,t) represents the function of the light signal, and I((m,n),t) is the photocurrent of the photodetector at position (m,n) at a specific time t.

[0096] To realize an SWC system for high-speed encrypted information transmission, it is essential to accurately analyze key parameters in the complex spectrum of high-frequency modulation, including wavelength, modulation frequency, and binary state. The following section combines... Figure 6 The process of high-speed spectral wireless communication method based on flexible miniature organic hyperspectral instrument is explained.

[0097] First, the dynamic spectral reconstruction based on a flexible miniature organic hyperspectral analyzer for high-speed spectral wireless communication mainly includes the following four steps:

[0098] (1) The spectral responsivity of the photodetector array of the flexible micro organic hyperspectrometer is calibrated using a series of known monochromatic lights to generate the responsivity matrix R((m, n), λ) corresponding to the photodetector array.

[0099] (2) Program a high-frequency modulated optical signal (e.g., using an LED or laser diode) to encode the high-speed binary state information F(λ, t) in the time domain and irradiate it onto a flexible micro organic hyperspectrometer.

[0100] (3) Record the photocurrent generated by the photodetector array under the illumination of the programmed modulated light signal, and generate a photocurrent matrix I(m, n, t) that varies with time.

[0101] (4) Combine and solve the responsivity matrix R((m,n),λ) with the photocurrent matrix I((m,n),t), reconstruct the modulated unknown spectrum F(λ,t) through the calculation algorithm, and decode the encrypted optical signal to realize spectral communication.

[0102] like Figure 6Figure a illustrates a schematic diagram of a photodetector array detecting light response and generating photocurrent in the time domain. High-speed encrypted information transmission via a flexible miniature organic hyperspectral imager essentially involves multiple composite light signals with different high-frequency modulation wavelengths, encrypted using binary states (0 and 1), simultaneously illuminating the flexible miniature organic spectrometer. Here, "1" and "0" represent the "on" and "off" states of the light source, respectively. Because the input light is a composite spectrum composed of multiple modulated spectra of different binary states, the OPD array typically generates a dynamic light response, the waveform of which differs from the waveforms of individual input signals. The horizontal axis represents time in nanoseconds (ns), and the vertical axis represents photocurrent in amperes (A). The line graph represents the OPD array within the OPD array. 11 OPD 12 ... OPD mn The photocurrents at different times are shown. It is evident that relying solely on the response waveform of a single photodetector is insufficient to accurately decrypt the input optical signal. To correctly decode the encrypted information, the spectral information in each binary state must be analyzed. This requires analyzing the OPD array at various times (e.g., t1, t2, t3, t4, t5). n The temporal optical response of (etc.) is synchronously integrated. This spatiotemporal combination method can achieve effective reconstruction of the original modulation spectrum.

[0103] like Figure 6 Figure b shows a schematic diagram of the resolved spectrum of the flexible miniature organic hyperspectrometer in the time domain. It can be seen that, based on the high-speed binary state information carried in the modulation spectrum, it can be decoded into corresponding characters, such as N, K, and U.

[0104] like Figure 6 As shown in Figure c, the process of decrypting transmitted data by analyzing the wavelength, frequency, and binary state of the optical signal is illustrated. By incorporating the photocurrent generated by the OPD array in each state into the calculation algorithm and solving the following equations, the dynamic spectrum of each state can be successfully reconstructed in the time domain. The equations are as follows:

[0105]

[0106] Here, R((m,n), λ) represents the responsivity of the OPD cell at position (m,n) to wavelength λ, F(λ,t) represents the function of incident light, and I((m,n),t) is the photocurrent of the OPD at (m,n) at a specific time t. Therefore, by analyzing the wavelength, binary state, and modulation frequency of the incident light, we can successfully decrypt the key parameters in the encrypted input signal used for spectral wireless communication.

[0107] The following is combined with Figure 7 The process of high-speed encrypted spectral wireless communication based on a flexible miniature organic hyperspectral instrument is explained.

[0108] like Figure 7 As shown in Figure a, this is an application scenario for encrypted spectral wireless communication based on a flexible micro organic spectrometer. This communication process can be applied to satellite and drone communication, submarine operations, and smart cars, etc., without limitation here.

[0109] like Figure 7 As shown in figures b and d, these represent the high-frequency modulated laser input signals with different wavelengths and the corresponding photocurrents of the flexible device, the reconstructed high-frequency modulated spectra in the time domain, and the encrypted optical information extracted by the flexible miniature organic hyperspectral analyzer for encrypted spectral wireless communication. It can be seen that the flexible photodetector array (flexible device) in this flexible miniature organic hyperspectral analyzer exhibits performance comparable to that of a rigid photodetector array in terms of average spectral accuracy (0.49 nm), wavelength resolution (2200 nm), and peak signal-to-noise ratio (PSNR, 28.86 dB), and uses the same reconstruction process for spectral reconstruction.

[0110] Furthermore, this flexible device exhibits excellent fidelity in reconstructing quasi-monochromatic light and narrowband spectra, which is essential for reliable spectral communication. Similar to rigid devices, this flexible miniature organic hyperspectral analyzer also performs exceptionally well in dynamic spectral measurements. Under high-frequency modulated composite light illumination, the OPD unit produces a clear response corresponding to the preset input signal. Through multiplexing principles, the system successfully decodes the spectral profile and its carried data. The flexible miniature organic hyperspectral analyzer successfully decrypted the letters "N", "K", and "U" carried at three wavelengths (660nm, 530nm, and 440nm), which perfectly matched the preset encrypted information.

[0111] like Figure 7 As shown in Figure e, an optical image of the flexible device in a bent state is displayed. The size of the flexible device can be 3cm × 3cm.

[0112] Stability is a key factor in the practical application of flexible devices. This flexible device maintained over 99.9% of its initial photoresponse after 1400 switching cycles. Figure 7 Figure f shows the photocurrent-time curves of the flexible device after 1000 bending cycles under zero bias and 650nm light irradiation conditions. It can be seen that after 1000 bending cycles, its performance retention rate is still above 99.0%, demonstrating excellent durability. Even after 1000 bending cycles, the photocurrent shift of the flexible device is negligible, verifying its durability under stress.

[0113] like Figure 7 Figure g shows the cyclic stability of the flexible miniature organic hyperspectrometer under ambient light conditions. It can be seen that it maintains good stability.

[0114] like Figure 7 As shown in hj, the eye diagram of the flexible miniature organic hyperspectral imager at a communication rate of 16 Mbps, the relationship between data transmission rate and the spectral range of 400–900 nm, and the bit error rate (BER) of the flexible miniature organic hyperspectral imager at different transmission rates are shown. It can be seen that, through non-return-to-zero (NRZ) modulation, even the OPD with the slowest response speed achieves a maximum data rate of 16 Mbps, and the eye diagram is clear; while using the full spectrum (400–900 nm), the theoretical transmission rate can reach 7.28 Gbit / s, which is among the higher values ​​in flexible organic optical communication systems.

[0115] The various embodiments in this specification are described in a progressive manner. For the same or similar parts between the various embodiments, please refer to each other. Each embodiment focuses on describing the differences from other embodiments.

[0116] The above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of this application, and are not intended to limit this application. Although this application has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications can still be made to the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or equivalent substitutions can be made to some or all of the technical features therein. Such modifications or substitutions do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the scope of the technical solutions of this application.

Claims

1. A flexible miniature organic hyperspectral analyzer, characterized in that, The flexible miniature organic hyperspectrometer includes: a photodetector array composed of multiple photodetectors; The photodetector array includes a flexible substrate, a surface coating, and an organic optical modulation layer; The surface coating is formed by spin-coating various organic photosensitive materials onto the surface of the flexible substrate in different regions, and the organic optical adjustment layer is formed by spin-coating organic optoelectronic materials onto the back side of the flexible substrate using photolithography.

2. The flexible miniature organic hyperspectral analyzer according to claim 1, characterized in that, The photodetector array is obtained in the following way: Multiple organic photosensitive materials are sequentially spin-coated onto different areas of the flexible substrate surface; A grid-shaped photoresist is spin-coated onto the back of the flexible substrate, and a grid structure is formed by photolithography. Organic photoelectric material is spin-coated within the mesh structure to form the organic optical modulation layer, thereby obtaining the photodetector array.

3. The flexible miniature organic hyperspectral analyzer according to claim 2, characterized in that, The photodetector array is formed by arranging multiple photodetectors in an m*n configuration; the flexible substrate is a glass substrate.

4. The flexible miniature organic hyperspectral analyzer according to claim 2, characterized in that, The organic photosensitive materials include PM6:Y6, PBDB-T:FO-2Cl, PBDB-T:ITIC, and PBDB-T:FM.

5. The flexible miniature organic hyperspectral analyzer according to claim 4, characterized in that, The proportions of PM6:Y6, PBDB-T:FO-2Cl, PBDB-T:ITIC, and PBDB-T:FM in the spin-coated area on the flexible substrate surface are 70%, 10%, 10%, and 10%, respectively.

6. The flexible miniature organic hyperspectral analyzer according to claim 1, characterized in that, The linear dynamic range of the photodetector is greater than 100 dB; the specific detectivity of the photodetector is greater than 10. 12 Jones.

7. The flexible miniature organic hyperspectral analyzer according to claim 1, characterized in that, The flexible micro organic hyperspectrometer has a spectral detection range of 400-900 nm.

8. The flexible miniature organic hyperspectral analyzer according to claim 1, characterized in that, The flexible miniature organic hyperspectrometer has a photodetector spacing of 300 μm and a photodetector array size of 4 × 4 mm. 2 .

9. A spectral wireless communication method, characterized in that, The method, applied to a flexible miniature organic hyperspectral analyzer, includes: The flexible miniature organic hyperspectral instrument is calibrated based on known monochromatic light. A responsivity matrix is ​​constructed based on the responsivity values ​​of each photodetector in the calibrated flexible miniature organic hyperspectrometer. The flexible miniature organic hyperspectrometer is illuminated by a high-frequency modulated optical signal; the high-frequency modulated optical signal carries high-speed binary state information. The photocurrent generated by each photodetector in the flexible miniature organic hyperspectrometer at different times is collected to form a photocurrent matrix; By combining the responsivity matrix and the photocurrent matrix, the information carried by the high-frequency modulated optical signal can be obtained.

10. The method according to claim 9, characterized in that, The combined solution of the responsivity matrix and photocurrent matrix is ​​obtained using the following formula: Where R((m,n),λ) represents the responsivity of the photodetector at position (m,n) to a light signal of wavelength λ, F(λ,t) represents the function of the light signal, and I((m,n),t) is the photocurrent of the photodetector at position (m,n) at a specific time t.

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