Building sealant stretching performance testing device

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of tensile tests, and discloses a building sealant stretching performance test device, which comprises a test box, a first clamp, a loading block, a linear driver and a driving mechanism, a door plate is mounted on the front of the test box; the first clamp is installed at the top in the test box, the loading block is arranged in the test box, located below the first clamp and driven by the linear driver to move up and down, a through loading channel is formed in the loading block, and a cylinder is arranged in the loading channel and driven by the driving mechanism to rotate; a through assembly channel is formed in the cylinder body, and a transversely-arranged guide rail body is installed in the assembly channel. According to the invention, by carrying out stretching, torsion, inclined stretching, tearing stretching, winding stretching and testing in a low-pressure environment on the sealant, the mechanical properties of the sealant under complex working conditions can be comprehensively evaluated, the testing precision and reliability are improved, the actual engineering requirements are met, and meanwhile, the testing safety and environmental protection property are ensured.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of tensile testing technology, and in particular to a device for testing the elongation performance of building sealants. Background Technology

[0002] Building sealants are materials used to fill and seal gaps in building structures. Their main function is to prevent moisture, air, and dust from entering the building interior, while also accommodating structural deformation. Common building sealants include silicone sealants, polysulfide sealants, and modified silicone sealants. They possess good adhesion, elasticity, and weather resistance, meeting the sealing requirements of various building components. Elongation at a given elongation rate refers to the sealant's adhesion and elasticity after maintaining a certain elongation for a certain period. This property is particularly important for building sealants because they need to maintain a sealing effect when the building structure deforms. Even after restoration, it can still maintain good adhesion. When testing the sealant, the sealant is evenly applied to the specified substrate to form a layer of a certain thickness. Then, it is placed under standard environmental conditions for curing. The cured sample is installed on a tensile testing machine and stretched at a certain speed until the predetermined elongation is reached. After reaching the predetermined elongation, it is held in this state for a certain period of time, and the sample is observed to see if there are any phenomena such as damage or delamination. Through the constant elongation performance test, the ability of the sealant to cope with structural deformation in actual use can be evaluated, thus providing a scientific basis for the selection and application of building sealants. In existing technologies, tensile testing machines for sealants typically apply tension only in a single vertical or horizontal direction. This testing method has significant limitations. It cannot simulate the multiple complex stress states that sealants may experience simultaneously in actual building structures. This unidirectional tensile test only reflects the mechanical properties of the sealant in that direction and cannot fully reflect its performance under actual complex stress conditions. This leads to discrepancies between test results and practical applications. Existing technologies lack performance testing methods for such complex stress states. Therefore, traditional tensile testing machines cannot provide accurate and comprehensive references for the design, selection, and quality control of building sealants, and are unable to meet the stringent performance requirements of sealants in actual engineering projects.

[0003] To address the aforementioned issues, this application proposes a test device for the constant elongation performance of building sealants. Summary of the Invention

[0004] This invention proposes a test device for the tensile properties of building sealant, which solves the problem that tensile testing machines in related technologies can only apply tensile force to sealant in one direction, and cannot simulate the complex stress state of sealant in actual building structures, resulting in large differences between test results and actual applications, and making it difficult to meet the strict requirements of engineering for sealant performance.

[0005] The present invention proposes a test device for the constant elongation performance of building sealant, comprising a test chamber, a first clamp, a loading block, a linear actuator and a drive mechanism; The test chamber has a door panel installed on its front; The first clamp is installed on the top of the test chamber, and the loading block is set inside the test chamber and located below the first clamp. It is driven to move up and down by a linear drive. The loading block has a through loading channel, and a cylinder is set in the loading channel and is driven to rotate by a drive mechanism. The cylinder has a through assembly channel, and a horizontally arranged guide rail is installed in the assembly channel. Two second clamps and two driving components are installed on the guide rail. The two second clamps are connected to the two driving components respectively and are driven to move along the length of the guide rail. The test chamber is equipped with a cutting tool located below the loading block for cutting the colloid. The test chamber is connected to a vacuum device on its side for evacuating the interior.

[0006] As a further optimization of the present invention, the second clamp includes a positioning block, a slide rail is provided in the guide rail body, two positioning blocks are both disposed on the guide rail body, and a second slider that slides in cooperation with the slide rail is installed at the bottom of each positioning block. The two second sliders are driven to move in the slide rail by two driving members respectively. A concave groove is provided on the inner wall of the guide rail body, and a protrusion that slides in cooperation with the concave groove is installed on the second slider. A limit plate is slidably connected to the positioning block, and a second screw located below the limit plate is rotatably connected to the positioning block. A second clamping block threaded on the second screw is fixed at the end of the limit plate. A second base plate can be detachably connected to the adjacent side of the positioning block and the second clamping block.

[0007] As a further optimization of the present invention, a first insertion hole is provided on the side adjacent to the positioning block and the second clamping block, and a second insertion shaft is installed on the side of the two second substrates that are far apart from each other. The second insertion shafts on the two second substrates are respectively inserted into the first insertion hole provided on the side adjacent to the positioning block and the second clamping block.

[0008] As a further optimization of the present invention, the driving component includes a second cylinder, a second assembly shaft and a third pressure sensor. The two second cylinders are respectively installed at both ends of the guide rail body, and the driving ends of the two second cylinders are each equipped with a second assembly shaft. The two second assembly shafts are respectively fixed to the two second sliders, and a third pressure sensor is connected between the second assembly shaft and the second slider.

[0009] As a further optimization of the present invention, laser rangefinders are installed at both ends of the guide rail, and the two laser rangefinders are respectively positioned facing the two positioning blocks.

[0010] As a further optimization of the present invention, the driving mechanism includes a motor, a driving gear and a driven gear ring. The inner wall of the loading block is provided with an annular groove communicating with the loading channel. Multiple first sliders that slide in cooperation with the annular groove are installed on the outer periphery of the cylinder. The driven gear ring is fixedly fitted on the cylinder. An installation groove is provided inside the loading block. The motor is installed in the installation groove. The output end of the motor is connected to a driving gear that meshes with the driven gear ring.

[0011] As a further optimization of the present invention, the cutting component includes an electric slide rail, an electric push rod, and a cutter. The electric slide rail is installed at the bottom of the test chamber, and a vertically arranged electric push rod is installed on the electric slide rail. The drive end of the electric push rod is detachably mounted with a fixing seat, and a cutter is installed on the fixing seat. The end of the fixing seat is provided with a frosted surface.

[0012] As a further optimization of the present invention, the first clamp includes a fixed rod, a U-shaped block, a first clamping block, and two first base plates. The fixed rod is installed at the bottom of the test chamber, and a fixed shaft is installed at the bottom end of the fixed rod. The U-shaped block is fixed at the bottom of the fixed shaft, and a first pressure sensor is fixed between the fixed shaft and the U-shaped block. A downward opening is integrally formed inside the U-shaped block, and a limit rod is fixed inside the opening. A first screw is threaded through one side of the U-shaped block and rotatably connected to the inner wall of its other side. The first clamping block is located inside the opening and is sleeved on the limit rod and the first screw. The first clamping block and the limit rod are slidably engaged, and the first clamping block and the first screw are threadedly engaged. Both first base plates are disposed inside the opening. A second insertion hole is opened on one side of the first clamping block and the inner wall of the other side of the U-shaped block. A first insertion shaft is installed on the side of the two first base plates that is far apart from each other. The first insertion shafts on the two first base plates are respectively inserted into the second insertion holes on one side of the first clamping block and the inner wall of the other side of the U-shaped block.

[0013] As a further optimization of the present invention, the linear actuator includes a plurality of first cylinders, which are respectively installed around the bottom of the test chamber. The driving ends of the plurality of first cylinders are all connected to a first assembly shaft. The loading block is installed on the plurality of first assembly shafts, and a second pressure sensor is fixed between the loading block and the first assembly shaft.

[0014] As a further optimization of the present invention, the vacuum component includes a vacuum pump, which is disposed on one side of the test chamber, and the pumping end of the vacuum pump is equipped with a conduit communicating with the inside of the test chamber.

[0015] The above-described technical solution of the present invention has the following beneficial technical effects: 1. The tensile testing device of the present invention moves two second clamps to the middle of the guide rail body through two driving components, fixes the two ends of the sealant to the first clamp and the second clamp respectively, and drives the loading block to move down to stretch the sealant. At the same time, the driving mechanism causes the cylinder to rotate the guide rail body, and the second clamp in the middle rotates accordingly to realize the torsion of the sealant. This design breaks through the limitations of traditional tensile testing machines, can simulate the state of sealant under tensile and torsional combined stress in building structures, comprehensively reflect its mechanical properties, provide a more accurate reference for the design, selection and quality control of sealant, and meet the strict requirements of engineering for sealant performance. 2. In building structures, some joints of the sealant of the present invention may not be horizontal or vertical, but inclined, such as the joints of a sloping roof. In this environment, the sealant may be subjected to tensile force in the inclined direction, so it is necessary to conduct a tensile test. The two ends of the sealant are fixed on the first clamp and two second clamps respectively. When the linear actuator drives the loading block to move down, the two driving components cause the second clamps on the guide rail to move to one end, so that the sealant is subjected to inclined tensile force. When the second clamps move, the laser range sensor monitors the position in real time. During the tensile process, points on the guide rail can be selected one by one to perform inclined tensile test. At the same time, the driving mechanism can drive the cylinder to rotate the guide rail, changing the tensile direction. This design can simulate the situation of the sealant being subjected to inclined tensile force and multi-directional tensile in a sloping roof, comprehensively evaluate its mechanical properties under complex stress, reduce the difference between the test and actual application, and improve the test accuracy and reliability. 3. In actual building structures, the sealant of this invention may tear due to localized damage, such as scratches or gaps. Furthermore, under earthquakes or wind-induced vibrations, the torn sealant may stretch further. Therefore, a tear-stretch test is necessary. Two driving components bring two positioning blocks closer together while maintaining a certain distance, leaving a pre-cutting position. One end of the sealant is placed between the positioning block and the second clamping block. The second screw is rotated to bring the second clamping block closer to the positioning block, clamping the sealant between the two second substrates. The other end is fixed to the first clamp. A linear actuator drives the loading block downwards for stretching. After stretching, the driving components bring the positioning blocks closer together. The sealant is moved away from the ground to conduct a pre-tear test. If it cannot be pulled apart, the electric slide rail drives the cutter on the electric push rod to move to the cutting position. The cutter cuts the bottom of the sealant to form a slit. Then, the driving component moves the positioning blocks away from each other to tear the sealant, simulating a local tearing situation and testing its tear strength and tear resistance. During the tearing process, the linear actuator continues to drive the loading block to move down, so that the sealant is tilted and a tilting tensile test is conducted to evaluate the tensile properties of the sealant after tearing. This design can complete two tests in one action, simulating the tilting tensile stress that the sealant may still be subjected to after tearing in actual use, providing rich data for the mechanical performance evaluation under complex working conditions. 4. After the sealant is torn, the present invention can drive the cylinder to rotate the guide rail body through the driving mechanism, so that the two torn sealant pieces can be rotated and wrapped together. Then, a tensile test is performed on the wrapped sealant to evaluate the sealant's anti-winding ability and torsional performance. This test can reveal the sealant's bonding performance after being torn and wrapped, making the test results more comprehensive and providing a more reliable performance evaluation for the application of building sealants in complex stress environments.

[0016] 5. In high-altitude areas, atmospheric pressure is significantly lower than the standard atmospheric pressure at sea level. Sealant used in door and window, curtain wall, and roof joints needs to maintain good sealing performance under low pressure. Therefore, this invention allows for a vacuum test within the test chamber during tensile testing of the sealant. This enables various tensile tests to be conducted in a vacuum environment, allowing for the evaluation of the sealant's mechanical properties under low pressure or vacuum conditions. This ensures its reliability and stability in practical applications. Furthermore, the tensile testing of the sealant releases toxic gases. By evacuating the test chamber, these volatile gases can be extracted, preventing their accumulation and protecting the health and safety of testing personnel, thus improving the safety and environmental friendliness of the testing environment. 6. When performing the disassembly and assembly of the sealant according to this invention, firstly, one end of the sealant is placed between the two positioning blocks and the second clamping block. The second screw is rotated to bring the second clamping block closer to the positioning block, thus clamping the sealant between the two substrates for fixation. The other end is placed between the two first substrates inside the U-shaped block. The first screw is rotated to bring the first clamping block closer to the sealant, thus completing the clamping. After the test is completed, the second screw is reversed to move the second clamping block away from the positioning block, thereby removing the two second substrates. At the same time, the two first substrates are also removed. Since the first and second substrates are detachable, they can be replaced according to the sealant specifications, enhancing the versatility and flexibility of the testing device, improving testing efficiency, and reducing labor intensity. Attached Figure Description

[0017] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of a test device for the constant elongation performance of building sealant proposed in this invention; Figure 2 This is an internal sectional view of the test chamber of the present invention; Figure 3 For the present invention Figure 2 Schematic diagram of the bottom structure of the intermediate test chamber; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the mating structure between the loading block and the cylinder of the present invention; Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the loading block of the present invention; Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the mating structure of the guide rail, the second clamp, and the driving component of the present invention; Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the second clamp of the present invention; Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the disassembled structure of the second substrate and the second clamping block of the present invention; Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the first clamp of the present invention; Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of the disassembled structure of the first substrate and the first clamping block of the present invention; Figure 11 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the cutting component of the present invention; Figure 12 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the driving component of the present invention; Figure 13 This is a schematic diagram of the linear actuator of the present invention; Figure 14 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the fixing base of the present invention.

[0018] Reference numerals: 1. Test chamber; 101. Door panel; 2. First clamp; 21. Fixing rod; 211. Fixing shaft; 212. First pressure sensor; 22. U-shaped block; 221. Limiting rod; 222. First screw; 23. First clamping block; 24. First base plate; 241. First insertion shaft; 3. Loading block; 31. Cylinder; 311. First slider; 32. Guide rail; 321. Laser rangefinder sensor; 33. Annular groove; 4. Linear actuator; 41. First cylinder; 42. First assembly shaft; 43. Second pressure sensor; 5. Drive mechanism 51. Motor; 52. Drive gear; 53. Driven gear ring; 6. Second clamp; 61. Positioning block; 611. Second screw; 612. Limiting plate; 613. Second slider; 614. Protrusion; 62. Second clamping block; 63. Second base plate; 631. Second insert shaft; 7. Drive component; 71. Second cylinder; 72. Second assembly shaft; 73. Third pressure sensor; 8. Cutting component; 81. Electric slide rail; 82. Electric push rod; 83. Fixing base; 831. Cutter; 84. Frosted surface; 9. Vacuum component; 91. Vacuum pump; 92. Conduit. Detailed Implementation

[0019] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this invention clearer, the invention will be further described in detail below with reference to specific embodiments and the accompanying drawings. It should be understood that these descriptions are merely exemplary and not intended to limit the scope of the invention. Furthermore, descriptions of well-known structures and techniques are omitted in the following description to avoid unnecessarily obscuring the concept of the invention.

[0020] like Figures 1-13 As shown, the present invention proposes a test device for the constant elongation performance of building sealant, which includes a test chamber 1, a first clamp 2, a loading block 3, a linear actuator 4 and a drive mechanism 5; The front of the test chamber 1 is fitted with a door panel 101; The first clamp 2 is installed on the top inside the test chamber 1. The loading block 3 is placed inside the test chamber 1 and located below the first clamp 2. It is driven up and down by the linear drive 4. The loading block 3 has a through loading channel. A cylinder 31 is installed in the loading channel and is driven to rotate by the drive mechanism 5. The cylinder 31 has a through assembly channel, and a horizontally arranged guide rail 32 is installed in the assembly channel. Two second clamps 6 and two driving components 7 are installed on the guide rail 32. The two second clamps 6 are connected to the two driving components 7 respectively, and are driven by them to move along the length of the guide rail 32. The test chamber 1 is equipped with a cutting piece 8 located below the loading block 3 for cutting the colloid; The side of the test chamber 1 is connected to a vacuum component 9 for evacuating the interior.

[0021] During the basic test, open the door panel 101 of the test chamber 1, fix one end of the sealant to the first clamp 2 and the other end to the two second clamps 6. Drive the loading block 3 up and down through the linear actuator 4 to apply a vertical tensile force to the sealant and achieve the basic tensile test. During the composite stress test, in the tensile process, the drive mechanism 5 can drive the cylinder 31 to rotate. The cylinder 31 drives the internal guide rail 32, the second clamp 6 and the sealant to rotate synchronously, so that the sealant is subjected to torsional force while bearing tensile force, simulating the composite stress state of tensile and torsional forces. During the tilting tensile test, the two driving components 7 can drive the two second clamps 6 to move along the length direction on the guide rail 32, changing the position of the force points at both ends of the sealant, thereby adjusting the force direction of the sealant, such as realizing non-unidirectional tensile tests such as tilting tensile test. During the tear test, when it is necessary to simulate the local tearing of the sealant, the cutting part 8 located below the loading block 3 can cut the sealant to create a cut. During the stretching process of the sealant, the two driving parts 7 can drive the second clamp 6 away from each other to achieve tearing of the sealant. As the sealant is torn, it will gradually form an inclined state. Then, the inclined tensile test can be directly performed on the torn sealant to evaluate the performance of the sealant when it continues to be stretched after tearing. During vacuum testing, the vacuum component 9 can also be used to create a vacuum environment inside the test chamber 1, which can simulate the performance test of the sealant under low air pressure conditions such as high altitude. At the same time, it can also extract the harmful gases volatilized by the sealant during the test, ensuring the safety of the test environment.

[0022] In this embodiment, the second clamp 6 includes a positioning block 61. A slide rail is provided inside the guide rail body 32. Two positioning blocks 61 are both disposed on the guide rail body 32. A second slider 613 that slides and engages with the slide rail is installed at the bottom of each of the two positioning blocks 61. The two second sliders 613 are driven to move in the slide rail by two driving members 7. A concave slide groove is provided on the inner wall of the guide rail body 32. A protrusion 614 that slides and engages with the concave slide groove is installed on the second slider 613. A limiting plate 612 slides through the positioning block 61. A second screw 611 located below the limiting plate 612 is rotatably connected to the positioning block 61. A second clamping block 62 threadedly sleeved on the second screw 611 is fixed at the end of the limiting plate 612. A second base plate 63 can be detachably connected to the adjacent side of the positioning block 61 and the second clamping block 62.

[0023] When fixing the sealant, it is placed between the positioning block 61 and the second base plate 63 of the second clamping block 62. The second screw 611 is rotated. Since the second clamping block 62 is threadedly engaged with the second screw 611 and is restricted from rotating by the limiting plate 612, it will move closer to the positioning block 61, thus clamping the sealant. The second slider 613 is driven by the driving component 7 to slide in the slide of the guide rail 32, driving the positioning block 61 and the sealant to move. The protrusion 614 cooperates with the concave slide groove to ensure stable sliding without deviation, and plays a limiting role when the sealant is subjected to tensile test. The second base plate 63 is detachable and can be replaced according to the sealant specifications, improving the versatility of the fixture. This structure can not only firmly clamp the sealant, but also flexibly move to change the force position, ensuring the diversity of tests.

[0024] In this embodiment, a first insertion hole is provided on the adjacent side of the positioning block 61 and the second clamping block 62, and a second insertion shaft 631 is installed on the opposite side of the two second substrates 63. The second insertion shafts 631 on the two second substrates 63 are respectively inserted into the first insertion holes provided on the adjacent side of the positioning block 61 and the second clamping block 62. The second substrates 63 are inserted into the first insertion holes of the positioning block 61 and the second clamping block 62 through the second insertion shafts 631 to achieve a detachable connection. When the second substrates 63 need to be replaced, they can be pulled out directly, which is convenient. This design allows the replacement of second substrates 63 of different materials or sizes according to the material and shape of the sealant, avoiding unnecessary damage to the sealant by the second clamp 6, while improving the adaptability of the second clamp 6 to different samples and ensuring stable clamping effect.

[0025] In this embodiment, the driving component 7 includes a second cylinder 71, a second assembly shaft 72, and a third pressure sensor 73. The two second cylinders 71 are respectively installed at both ends of the guide rail body 32. The driving ends of the two second cylinders 71 are each equipped with a second assembly shaft 72. The two second assembly shafts 72 are respectively fixed to two second sliders 613. The third pressure sensor 73 is connected between the second assembly shaft 72 and the second sliders 613. When the second cylinder 71 extends or retracts, it drives the second sliders 613 to move within the slide rail of the guide rail body 32 through the second assembly shaft 72, thereby driving the positioning block 61 and the second clamping block 62 to move, thereby adjusting the position of the second clamp 6. The third pressure sensor 73 can detect the driving force of the second cylinder 71 on the second slider 613 in real time, indirectly reflecting the magnitude of the lateral force on the sealant, which facilitates precise control of test parameters and ensures the accuracy and repeatability of test data.

[0026] In this embodiment, laser rangefinders 321 are installed at both ends of the guide rail 32, and the two laser rangefinders 321 are respectively positioned facing the two positioning blocks 61. The laser rangefinders 321 emit laser beams to the positioning blocks 61 and calculate the distance to the positioning blocks 61 based on the reflected signals. They monitor the position and movement distance of the two positioning blocks 61 on the guide rail 32 in real time. This data can be used to accurately control the movement of the second clamp 6, ensuring that the stretching or movement distance of the sealant meets the test requirements, and improving the accuracy and automation of the test.

[0027] In this embodiment, the drive mechanism 5 includes a motor 51, a drive gear 52, and a driven gear ring 53. The inner wall of the loading block 3 has an annular groove 33 that communicates with the loading channel. Multiple first sliders 311 that slide in the annular groove 33 are installed on the outer periphery of the cylinder 31. The driven gear ring 53 is fixedly fitted on the cylinder 31. An installation groove is provided inside the loading block 3. The motor 51 is installed in the installation groove. The output end of the motor 51 is connected to the drive gear 52 that meshes with the driven gear ring 53. After the motor 51 starts, it drives the drive gear 52 to rotate. The drive gear 52 meshes with the driven gear ring 53, driving the driven gear ring 53 to drive the cylinder 31 to rotate. The first sliders 311 on the outer periphery of the cylinder 31 slide in the annular groove 33 of the loading block 3 to ensure the cylinder 31 rotates stably. When the cylinder 31 rotates, it drives the guide rail 32 and the second clamp 6 to rotate synchronously, so that the sealant is subjected to torsional force during the stretching process, simulating the combined tensile and torsional stress that may be encountered in actual applications, making the test more in line with actual working conditions.

[0028] In this embodiment, the cutting component 8 includes an electric slide rail 81, an electric push rod 82, and a cutter 831. The electric slide rail 81 is installed at the bottom of the test chamber 1. The electric push rod 82 is vertically arranged on the electric slide rail 81. The driving end of the electric push rod 82 is detachably mounted on a fixing seat 83. The cutter 831 is mounted on the fixing seat 83. The end of the fixing seat 83 is provided with a frosted surface 84. When it is necessary to simulate the local tearing of the sealant, the electric slide rail 81 drives the electric push rod 82 and the cutter 831 to move to the cutting position below the sealant. Then the electric push rod 82 extends, driving the cutter 831 on the fixing seat 83 to move upward to cut the sealant and form a cut. This process can control the cutting position and depth to simulate different degrees of local damage, which is convenient for testing the tear resistance and tensile properties of the sealant after tearing. It should be noted that the sealant will come into contact with the rough surface of the wall during actual use. When conducting a tensile test on the sealant, the electric push rod 82 can drive the fixing seat 83 through the cylinder 31. Then, the electric slide rail 81 can drive the electric push rod 82 to bring the frosted surface 84 on the fixing seat 83 into contact with the stretched sealant. The electric push rod 82 can drive the fixing seat 83 to move up and down to rub the sealant. After friction, the tensile test is continued to simulate the contact state of the sealant when used on the rough surface of the building wall. This dynamic simulation helps to evaluate the sealant's adhesion and bonding to the wall surface during actual use, as well as the performance changes under friction conditions. Specifically, it should be noted that in actual use, the sealant needs to come into contact with the rough surface of the wall, which can cause pits to appear on the sealant, and in some cases, even holes. The fixing seat 83 of this invention is threadedly connected to the drive end of the electric push rod 82. During use, the original fixing seat 83 with the cutter 831 can be unscrewed from the electric push rod 82, and then replaced with the fixing seat 83 with the needle-piercing rod. Figure 14 As shown, during the tensile test of the sealant, the electric push rod 82 can drive the fixed seat 83 to drive the needle rod to puncture the bottom of the sealant, so as to simulate the hole and depression that the sealant will have in actual use, and then perform a tensile test to further improve the test effect.

[0029] Specifically, after the bottom of the sealant is cut, the electric slide rail 81 can drive the electric push rod 82 to move the cutter 831 away from the downward position of the guide rail 32, so as not to affect the stretching of the sealant, and the electric push rod 82 can also move the cutter 831 downward.

[0030] In this embodiment, the first clamp 2 includes a fixing rod 21, a U-shaped block 22, a first clamping block 23, and two first base plates 24. The fixing rod 21 is installed at the bottom of the test chamber 1, and a fixing shaft 211 is installed at the bottom end of the fixing rod 21. The U-shaped block 22 is fixed to the bottom of the fixing shaft 211, and a first pressure sensor 212 is fixed between the fixing shaft 211 and the U-shaped block 22. A downward opening is integrally formed inside the U-shaped block 22, and a limit rod 221 is fixed inside the opening. A first screw 222 is threaded through one side of the U-shaped block 22 and rotatably connected to the inner wall of its other side. The first clamping block 23... Block 23 is located inside the opening and is sleeved on the limiting rod 221 and the first screw 222. The first clamping block 23 is slidably engaged with the limiting rod 221 and threadedly engaged with the first screw 222. Both first base plates 24 are disposed inside the opening. A second insertion hole is provided on one side of the first clamping block 23 and on the other side of the inner wall of the U-shaped block 22. A first insertion shaft 241 is installed on the side of the two first base plates 24 that is far apart from each other. The first insertion shafts 241 on the two first base plates 24 are respectively inserted into the second insertion holes on one side of the first clamping block 23 and on the other side of the inner wall of the U-shaped block 22.

[0031] When fixing one end of the sealant, it is placed between the two first substrates 24 inside the opening of the U-shaped block 22. The first screw 222 is rotated. Since the first clamping block 23 is threadedly engaged with the first screw 222 and is restricted from rotating by the limiting rod 221, it will move closer to the inner wall of the U-shaped block 22, thereby clamping the sealant. The first pressure sensor 212 can detect the vertical tension force on the sealant, which is convenient for monitoring the magnitude of the tensile force. The first substrate 24 is connected to the first clamping block 23 and the U-shaped block 22 through the first insert shaft 241. It can be disassembled and replaced to adapt to different sealants and ensure stable clamping.

[0032] It should be noted that after the sealant is stretched, it can be removed from the first substrate 24 and the second substrate 63. If there is sealant residue on the first substrate 24 and the second substrate 63, the distance between the two first substrates 24 can be adjusted by rotating the first screw 222 to drive the first clamping block 23 to move. Then, the second screw 611 can be rotated to move the second clamping block 62 closer to or further away from the positioning block 61, thereby adjusting the distance between the two second substrates 63. After adjustment, the loading block 3 can be moved upward by the linear actuator 4 so that the bottom of the U-shaped block 22 is inserted between the positioning block 61 and the second clamping block 62. Then, the two positioning blocks 61 can be driven by the two second cylinders 71 to move laterally along the U-shaped block 22 on the guide rail 32. Through this friction action, the residual adhesive substance on the first substrate 24 and the second substrate 63 can be scraped off. Furthermore, the second cylinder 71 drives the positioning block 61 to move laterally back and forth along the U-shaped block 22 on the guide rail 32. When rubbing and cleaning the adhesive material on the first substrate 24 inside the U-shaped block 22, the U-shaped block 22 will be subjected to a lateral force. If the connection between the U-shaped block 22 and the fixing rod 21 is unstable, the pressure on the third pressure sensor 73 between the second assembly shaft 72 and the second slider 613 at the bottom of the positioning block 61 will change. The pressure change signal can be transmitted to the external control system in a timely manner. If the range of pressure change deviates from the preset threshold, it will remind the staff, thereby realizing the detection of the stability between the U-shaped block 22 and the fixing rod 21, preventing the sealant from loosening due to long-term tensile testing, and allowing for timely detection of any problems.

[0033] In this embodiment, the linear actuator 4 includes multiple first cylinders 41, which are respectively installed around the bottom of the test chamber 1. The driving ends of the multiple first cylinders 41 are all connected to first assembly shafts 42. The loading block 3 is installed on the multiple first assembly shafts 42, and a second pressure sensor 43 is fixed between the loading block 3 and the first assembly shafts 42. The multiple first cylinders 41 extend and retract synchronously, driving the loading block 3 to move up and down through the first assembly shafts 42, thereby stretching the sealant. The second pressure sensor 43 can detect the tension force on the loading block 3 in real time, that is, the magnitude of the tensile force on the sealant, which facilitates the control of the tensile force, ensures that the test parameters meet the requirements, and provides accurate force information for the recording of test data.

[0034] In this embodiment, the vacuum component 9 includes a vacuum pump 91, which is located on one side of the test chamber 1. The vacuum pump 91 has a conduit 92 connected to the inside of the test chamber 1 at its extraction end. During operation, the vacuum pump 91 is started, and the air inside the test chamber 1 is extracted through the conduit 92 to form a vacuum environment. This environment can simulate low-pressure scenarios such as high altitudes to test the mechanical properties of the sealant under these conditions. At the same time, it can extract the toxic gases volatilized by the sealant during the test. The extracted air can be purified. In specific use, the vacuum pump 91 is connected to a purification device to ensure the health of the test personnel and improve the safety and environmental friendliness of the test.

[0035] The specific working principle of this invention is as follows: For sample installation, open the door panel 101 of the test chamber 1, place one end of the sealant into the U-shaped block 22 of the first clamp 2, rotate the first screw 222 to clamp the sealant between the first clamping block 23 and the first base plate 24 on the inner wall of the U-shaped block 22, and place the other end between the positioning block 61 and the second clamping block 62 of the second clamp 6, rotate the second screw 611 to clamp the sealant through the second base plate 63; During the basic tensile test, the first cylinder 41 of the linear actuator 4 is activated, which drives the loading block 3 to move down through the first assembly shaft 42 to stretch the sealant. The second pressure sensor 43 monitors the tensile force, and the first pressure sensor 212 assists in monitoring. During the composite stress test, during the tensile process, the motor 51 of the drive mechanism 5 is started, and the active gear 52 drives the driven gear ring 53 to rotate, so that the cylinder 31 rotates in the annular groove 33 of the loading block 3 through the first slider 311, thereby driving the guide rail 32 and the second clamp 6 to rotate, so that the sealant is subjected to tensile and torsional forces at the same time. During the tilt tensile test, the second cylinder 71 of the drive component 7 drives the second slider 613 to move within the guide rail 32 via the second assembly shaft 72. The laser rangefinder 321 monitors the position of the positioning block 61, causing the two second clamps 6 to move to one side, thus achieving tilt tensile testing of the sealant. The third pressure sensor 73 monitors the lateral force. During the movement of the second clamps 6 on the guide rail 32, their position can be monitored in real time by the laser rangefinder 321. During the tensile test, points on the guide rail 32 can be selected and moved one by one to the corresponding points to obtain accurate data. Furthermore, during the tensile test, the drive mechanism 5 can drive the cylinder 31 to rotate the guide rail 32 to change the direction of the tensile test. This design can simulate the tilt tensile force that the sealant may experience at the tilt joint in the building structure, as well as the tensile conditions in different directions, such as the joint environment of a sloping roof. This allows for a more comprehensive evaluation of the mechanical properties of the sealant under actual complex stress conditions, obtaining more accurate data, further reducing the difference between test results and actual applications, and improving the testing accuracy and reliability of the sealant.

[0036] During tearing and subsequent tests, if tearing needs to be simulated, two driving components 7 can be used to drive two positioning blocks 61 closer together while maintaining a certain distance, leaving space for the subsequent cutting of the cutting component 8. Then, one end of the sealant to be tested is placed between the two positioning blocks 61 and the two second clamping blocks 62. Then, the second screw 611 on the positioning block 61 is rotated to move the second clamping block 62 closer to the positioning block 61, clamping the sealant between the two second substrates 63 on the adjacent side of the positioning block 61 and the second clamping block 62. Then, the other end of the sealant is fixed on the first clamp 2. Subsequently, the linear actuator 4 drives the loading block 3 to move down, stretching the sealant. After the sealant is stretched to a certain extent, the two driving components 7 are then used to drive the two positioning blocks 61 away from each other, performing the first pre-stretching of the sealant. In the tensile test, if the sealant cannot be pulled apart, the electric slide rail 81 drives the cutter 831 on the electric push rod 82 to move to the cutting position of the sealant reserved on the two positioning blocks 61. Then, the electric push rod 82 drives the cutter 831 on the fixed seat 83 to cut the bottom of the sealant, making a cut. Then, the two driving components 7 drive the two positioning blocks 61 to move away from each other, realizing the tearing of the sealant, simulating the local tearing situation that may be encountered in actual application, thereby testing the tear strength and tear resistance of the sealant. At the same time, during the tearing process, the linear actuator 4 drives the loading block 3 to continue to move down. As the sealant is torn, it will gradually form an inclined state, and then the inclined tensile test can be directly performed on the torn sealant to evaluate the performance of the sealant when it continues to be stretched after tearing. During the wrapping test, after tearing, the cylinder 31 is rotated by the drive mechanism 5 to wrap the two sealants together, and then stretched to test the anti-wrap and anti-torsion properties. This test can reveal the adhesive properties of the sealant after being torn and wrapped.

[0037] During the vacuum environment test, the vacuum component 9 is activated, and the vacuum pump 91 evacuates the test chamber 1 through the conduit 92. The above-mentioned tests are carried out under low pressure to evaluate the performance of the sealant in special environments and to discharge toxic gases.

[0038] The entire device works in concert with its components to fully simulate the complex stress and environmental conditions that sealants experience in real-world applications, providing accurate and comprehensive data support for performance evaluation.

[0039] The embodiments of the present invention have been described above, but the embodiments are not limited to the specific implementation methods described above. The specific implementation methods described above are merely illustrative and not restrictive. Those skilled in the art can make many other forms under the guidance of the embodiments described above, all of which are within the protection scope of the embodiments described above.

Claims

1. A test apparatus for the constant elongation performance of building sealant, characterized in that, It includes a test chamber (1), a first fixture (2), a loading block (3), a linear actuator (4), and a drive mechanism (5); The test chamber (1) has a door panel (101) installed on the front. The first clamp (2) is installed on the top of the test chamber (1). The loading block (3) is set inside the test chamber (1) and located below the first clamp (2). It is driven up and down by the linear drive (4). The loading block (3) has a through loading channel. A cylinder (31) is set inside the loading channel and is driven to rotate by the drive mechanism (5). The cylinder (31) has a through assembly channel, and a horizontally arranged guide rail (32) is installed in the assembly channel. Two second clamps (6) and two driving components (7) are installed on the guide rail (32). The two second clamps (6) are connected to the two driving components (7) respectively, and are driven to move along the length direction of the guide rail (32). The test chamber (1) is equipped with a cutting piece (8) located below the loading block (3) for cutting the colloid; The side of the test chamber (1) is connected to a vacuum component (9) for evacuating its interior.

2. The test device for the constant elongation performance of building sealant according to claim 1, characterized in that, The second clamp (6) includes a positioning block (61). A slide rail is provided inside the guide rail body (32). Two positioning blocks (61) are both set on the guide rail body (32). The bottom of each positioning block (61) is equipped with a second slider (613) that slides in cooperation with the slide rail. The two second sliders (613) are driven to move in the slide rail by two driving members (7). The inner wall of the guide rail body (32) is provided with an inner concave slide groove. The second slider (613) is equipped with a protrusion (614) that slides in cooperation with the inner concave slide groove. A limit plate (612) slides through the positioning block (61). A second screw (611) located below the limit plate (612) is rotatably connected to the positioning block (61). A second clamping block (62) threaded on the second screw (611) is fixed at the end of the limit plate (612). A second base plate (63) can be detachably connected to the adjacent side of the positioning block (61) and the second clamping block (62).

3. The test device for the constant elongation performance of building sealant according to claim 2, characterized in that, The positioning block (61) and the second clamping block (62) are each provided with a first insertion hole on the side adjacent to each other. The two second substrates (63) are each provided with a second insertion shaft (631) on the side away from each other. The second insertion shafts (631) on the two second substrates (63) are respectively inserted into the first insertion holes provided on the side adjacent to the positioning block (61) and the second clamping block (62).

4. The test device for the constant elongation performance of building sealant according to claim 2, characterized in that, The driving component (7) includes a second cylinder (71), a second assembly shaft (72), and a third pressure sensor (73). The two second cylinders (71) are respectively installed at both ends of the guide rail body (32). The driving ends of the two second cylinders (71) are each equipped with a second assembly shaft (72). The two second assembly shafts (72) are respectively fixed to two second sliders (613). The third pressure sensor (73) is connected between the second assembly shaft (72) and the second slider (613).

5. The test device for the constant elongation performance of building sealant according to claim 2, characterized in that, Laser rangefinders (321) are installed at both ends of the guide rail (32), and the two laser rangefinders (321) are respectively positioned facing the two positioning blocks (61).

6. The test device for the constant elongation performance of building sealant according to claim 2, characterized in that, The drive mechanism (5) includes a motor (51), a drive gear (52), and a driven gear ring (53). The inner wall of the loading block (3) is provided with an annular groove (33) that communicates with the loading channel. Multiple first sliders (311) that slide in cooperation with the annular groove (33) are installed on the outer periphery of the cylinder (31). The driven gear ring (53) is fixedly fitted on the cylinder (31). An installation groove is provided in the loading block (3). The motor (51) is installed in the installation groove. The output end of the motor (51) is connected to the drive gear (52) that meshes with the driven gear ring (53).

7. The test device for the constant elongation performance of building sealant according to claim 2, characterized in that, The cutting component (8) includes an electric slide rail (81), an electric push rod (82), and a cutter (83). The electric slide rail (81) is installed at the bottom inside the test chamber (1). A vertically arranged electric push rod (82) is installed on the electric slide rail (81). The drive end of the electric push rod (82) is detachably mounted with a fixing seat (83). A cutter (831) is installed on the fixing seat (83). The end of the fixing seat (83) is provided with a frosted surface (84).

8. The test device for the constant elongation performance of building sealant according to claim 2, characterized in that, The first clamp (2) includes a fixing rod (21), a U-shaped block (22), a first clamping block (23), and two first base plates (24). The fixing rod (21) is installed at the bottom of the test chamber (1). A fixing shaft (211) is installed at the bottom end of the fixing rod (21). The U-shaped block (22) is fixed at the bottom of the fixing shaft (211). A first pressure sensor (212) is fixed between the fixing shaft (211) and the U-shaped block (22). A downward opening is integrally formed inside the U-shaped block (22). A limit rod (221) is fixed inside the opening. A first screw (222) is threaded through one side of the U-shaped block (22) and rotatably connected to the inner wall of the other side. The first clamping block (23) is located in the opening and is sleeved on the limiting rod (221) and the first screw (222). The first clamping block (23) and the limiting rod (221) are slidably engaged. The first clamping block (23) and the first screw (222) are threadedly engaged. Both first base plates (24) are set in the opening. A second insertion hole is opened on one side of the first clamping block (23) and the other side of the inner wall of the U-shaped block (22). A first insertion shaft (241) is installed on the side of the two first base plates (24) that is far apart from each other. The first insertion shaft (241) on the two first base plates (24) is respectively inserted into the second insertion hole on one side of the first clamping block (23) and the other side of the inner wall of the U-shaped block (22).

9. The test apparatus for the constant elongation performance of building sealant according to claim 1, characterized in that, The linear actuator (4) includes a plurality of first cylinders (41), which are respectively installed around the bottom of the test chamber (1). The driving ends of the plurality of first cylinders (41) are connected to first assembly shafts (42). The loading block (3) is installed on the plurality of first assembly shafts (42). A second pressure sensor (43) is fixed between the loading block (3) and the first assembly shafts (42).

10. The test apparatus for the constant elongation performance of building sealant according to claim 1, characterized in that, The vacuum component (9) includes a vacuum pump (91), which is located on one side of the test chamber (1). The vacuum pump (91) has a duct (92) connected to the inside of the test chamber (1) at its pumping end.

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