Multi-environment simulation test equipment for mechanical properties of composite material

Abstract

The invention discloses composite material mechanical property multi-environment simulation test equipment which is characterized in that a storage tank is mounted in the middle of a base, push-pull mechanisms are fixed to the left part and the right part of the base respectively, hollow shafts are rotationally connected to the left part and the right part of the storage tank respectively, and transmission shafts are coaxially, axially, hermetically and slidably connected to the two hollow shafts respectively; first servo motors are fixed to the left portion and the right portion of the storage tank correspondingly, and first worms are coaxially fixed to rotating shafts of the two first servo motors correspondingly. A first servo motor is controlled to rotate forwards and backwards, two transmission shafts can rotate in the same direction or opposite directions through a first worm and a first worm gear, and then a test piece can be driven to rotate or twist; in the torsion process, the torsion force tolerance performance of the test piece can be tested by using the torsion force sensor; by controlling the action of the push-pull mechanism, the clamping mechanism can be used for stretching or extruding the test piece.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of mechanical property testing, and particularly relates to a composite material mechanical property multi-environment simulation testing device. BACKGROUND

[0002] Optimizing combination of materials with different properties to make them integrate with each other, make the performance of each other complementary, produce synergistic effect, so that the comprehensive performance is better than the combined single material, that is, composite material is formed. In order to know whether the corresponding mechanical properties of the composite material in the application environment can meet the relevant requirements, the application environment needs to be simulated, and then the mechanical property test is carried out in the simulated environment. The Chinese invention patent with the patent number CN116242717A provides a mechanical property testing device for fiber concrete initial torsion member scale model, which has two functions of simulating rain environment and simulating immersion environment. The anti-torsion strength of the fiber concrete initial torsion member scale model can be measured in different simulated environments. However, the device has the following deficiencies: first, for such fiber concrete, its use environment is relatively complex, such as different temperature environments, different humidity environments, different load environments (tension, compression, bearing), different wear environments, and different weather environments. However, the device cannot provide such a large number of environment simulation tests, and the function is insufficient. Second, during the simulation process, the test piece cannot be wrapped comprehensively. Although the device can be protected to some extent from erosion, it will interfere with the test results, making the test results less accurate. Third, the test piece is wrapped by using a ring-shaped air bag sealing structure and a telescopic hose-shaped mechanism, and then stored in acid rain solution for simulation. After the test, it is difficult to collect the acid rain solution comprehensively, and it is easy to cause leakage, which pollutes the equipment and the test environment when the test piece is taken out. SUMMARY

[0003] The present application aims to provide a composite material mechanical property multi-environment simulation testing device to solve the above technical problems.

[0004] To achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the present application adopts the following technical scheme: The utility model provides a kind of composite material mechanical property multi-environment simulation test equipment, including base, storage tank, push-pull mechanism, hollow shaft, transmission shaft, No.

[0005] On the basis of the above technical solutions, the clamping mechanism includes a support cylinder, an adjusting groove, a connecting bolt, a connecting nut, and an elastic washer. The adjacent ends of the two transmission shafts are respectively fixed with left and right horizontal support cylinders. The support cylinder is in the shape of a square cylinder, and an adjusting groove is vertically inserted through the upper and lower ends of the support cylinder. The adjusting groove extends in the front-back direction. At least two vertical connecting bolts are inserted through the adjusting groove gap of the support cylinder. A connecting nut is threadedly connected to the upper part of each connecting bolt. Two elastic washers are respectively inserted through the gap of each connecting bolt. The two elastic washers of the same connecting bolt are respectively attached to the upper and lower ends of the support cylinder under the clamping of the connecting bolt and the connecting nut. The connecting bolt can move forward and backward in the adjusting groove.

[0006] On the basis of the above technical scheme, the push-pull mechanism comprises a first hydraulic cylinder, a clamping jaw, a first through hole, a first pressure sensor, a second pressure sensor and a transmission disc, the left and right parts of the base are respectively fixed with a first hydraulic cylinder along the horizontal direction, the hydraulic rods of the two first hydraulic cylinders are respectively inserted into the left and right through gaps of the base, the axial ends of the hydraulic rods of the two first hydraulic cylinders are respectively fixed with clamping jaws, the adjacent ends of the two clamping jaws are respectively provided with disconnected first through holes, the adjacent ends of the two clamping jaws are respectively fixed with a first pressure sensor, and the opposite ends are respectively fixed with a second pressure sensor, the opposite axial ends of the two transmission shafts are respectively fixed with transmission discs, the two transmission discs are respectively inserted into the gaps of the two clamping jaws, the two first through holes are respectively inserted into the gaps of the two transmission shafts, the two transmission discs can respectively extrude the first pressure sensor and the second pressure sensor of the clamping jaw, the first hydraulic cylinder is connected with the hydraulic transmission system of the outside through an oil circuit, and the first pressure sensor and the second pressure sensor are respectively electrically connected with the controller.

[0007] On the basis of the above technical scheme, the support shafts are fixed at the front and rear ends of the storage tank, the two support shafts are coaxial and are rotationally connected with the base, the front part of the base is fixed with a third servo motor, the rotating shaft of the third servo motor is coaxially fixed with a third worm, the support shaft at the front end of the storage tank is coaxially fixed with a third worm wheel, the third worm is engaged with the third worm wheel, and the third servo motor is electrically connected with the controller.

[0008] On the basis of the above technical scheme, the shroud is fixed at the front end of the shroud and has a braking function, and the upper part is hingedly connected with a swing frame, the inner wall of the shroud is fixed with two left and right horizontal second guide rails at the front and rear ends, the middle parts of the two second guide rails are respectively provided with disconnected second through holes, the two second guide rails are commonly and slidably connected with sliding seats, the front and rear parts of the two sliding seats are respectively hingedly connected with sliding blocks, the virtual hinge shafts of the two sliding blocks are coaxially arranged and are respectively and slidably connected with the swing frame, the sliding directions of the two sliding blocks and the swing frame are opposite and parallel, the left and right parts of the shower head are respectively threadedly connected with two separable second fastening bolts, the two second fastening bolts can be respectively inserted into the left and right parts of the sliding seat through the through holes and separated from the left and right parts of the sliding seat, the spraying direction of the shower head is downward, and the sliding seat is inserted into and detachable from the sliding seat, and the liquid inlet of the shower head is connected with the connecting pipe through an excess detachable hose.

[0009] On the basis of the above technical scheme, the vertical guide frame is fixed on the upper part of the storage tank, the vertical No. 2 hydraulic cylinder is fixed on the top of the guide frame, the hydraulic rod of the No. 2 hydraulic cylinder penetrates the upper part of the guide frame up and down, and the bottom end of the hydraulic rod is fixed with a vertical No. 1 transmission rod, the No. 1 transmission rod is installed with the protective cover, the top of the No. 1 transmission rod is fixed with a horizontal detection plate, the upper part of the guide frame is fixed with a vertical distance measuring sensor, the distance measuring sensor is used to measure the distance to the top of the detection plate, the No. 2 hydraulic cylinder is connected with the hydraulic transmission system outside the oil circuit, the distance measuring sensor is electrically connected with the controller, the bottom inner edge of the protective cover is fixed with an insertion strip, and the insertion strip can be sealingly inserted with the upper part of the storage tank to improve the sealing effect of the protective cover after being combined with the storage tank cover.

[0010] On the basis of the above technical scheme, the vertical guide frame is fixed on the upper part of the storage tank, the vertical No. 2 hydraulic cylinder is fixed on the top of the guide frame, the hydraulic rod of the No. 2 hydraulic cylinder penetrates the upper part of the guide frame up and down, and the bottom end of the hydraulic rod is fixed with a vertical No. 1 transmission rod, the No. 1 transmission rod is installed with the protective cover, the top of the No. 1 transmission rod is fixed with a horizontal detection plate, the upper part of the guide frame is fixed with a vertical distance measuring sensor, the distance measuring sensor is used to measure the distance to the top of the detection plate, the No. 2 hydraulic cylinder is connected with the hydraulic transmission system outside the oil circuit, the distance measuring sensor is electrically connected with the controller, the bottom inner edge of the protective cover is fixed with an insertion strip, and the insertion strip can be sealingly inserted with the upper part of the storage tank to improve the sealing effect of the protective cover after being combined with the storage tank cover.

[0011] On the basis of the above technical scheme, the middle part of the sliding seat is inserted with a detachable fan, the left and right parts of the fan are respectively screw-connected with a separable No.1 fastening bolt, the two No.1 fastening bolts are respectively and gapingly inserted with the left and right parts of the sliding seat, and can be separated from the sliding seat, the bottom of the fan is fixed with a lower protective net, the upper part of the fan is fixed with an upper protective net, the upper protective net is arched, the lower protective net and the upper protective net jointly protect the fan blades and the motor, the lower protective net and the upper protective net allow air to flow freely and block sand particles, the top end of the upper protective net is fixed with a telescopic and bendable bamboo joint pipe, the outer periphery of the upper part of the bamboo joint pipe is fixed with a No.3 supporting disc, the No.3 supporting disc is detachably and tightly connected with the No.1 supporting disc through a bolt, and the power line of the fan passes through the bamboo joint pipe and the No.3 supporting disc upwards and is detachably and electrically connected with the wire harness.

[0012] On the basis of the above technical scheme, the left and right parts of the shroud are respectively fixed with an axially penetrating installation cylinder, one of the installation cylinders is fixed with an electric heating device, the other installation cylinder is fixed with an electric refrigeration device, the parts of the two installation cylinders located in the shroud are respectively screw-connected with a detachable screw cap on the outer wall, the connecting pipe and the No.1 supporting disc are also respectively screw-connected with a detachable screw cap, the electric heating device and the electric refrigeration device are respectively electrically connected with the controller, the fan is fixed with a temperature and humidity sensor, the temperature and humidity sensor is surrounded by the lower protective net and the upper protective net, and the power line and the signal line pass through the bamboo joint pipe and are detachably and electrically connected with the wire harness.

[0013] On the basis of the above technical scheme, the inner wall of the storage tank is fixed with a group of supporting plates at the front and rear ends, two left and right corresponding supporting plates form a group, and the two groups of supporting plates are respectively detachably and tightly connected with a polishing piece through a bolt.

[0014] Compared with the prior art, the present application has the following advantages: the present application can make the two transmission shafts rotate in the same direction or opposite directions by controlling the forward and reverse rotation of the first servo motor, driving the test piece to rotate or twist by the first worm and the first worm gear; in the twisting process, the torsional force sensor can test the torsional force resistance performance of the test piece; by controlling the push-pull mechanism to act, the test piece can be stretched or extruded by the clamping mechanism, so as to test the resistance performance of the test piece in stretching and extrusion; by injecting the corresponding test liquid into the shower head through the connecting pipe, the surface of the test piece can be sprayed by the shower head, and the test piece can be rotated circumferentially as needed, so that the surface of the test piece is sprayed more evenly and comprehensively, thereby simulating two forms of directional spraying and uniform spraying; and in the spraying process, the storage tank can continuously collect the liquid to avoid leakage, and if the electric valve is kept closed at this time, the liquid can immerse the test piece more comprehensively after a period of time, thereby simulating the immersion environment and improving the test accuracy; if kept open, it can continuously spray; thereby realizing simulation test in various environments, and after the spraying or immersion is completed, the test piece can be rotated quickly by controlling the test piece to realize dehydration treatment, reduce the adhesion of the test liquid, and facilitate the test piece to be taken out and reduce the liquid drop pollution to the environment.

[0015] When the storage tank has test liquid or solid, the storage tank is covered by the cover, the left and right swinging of the storage tank is used, and the simulated scouring environment is simulated under the action of inertia to test the related mechanical properties in this simulated environment; by controlling the forward and reverse reciprocating rotation of the second servo motor, the sliding seat can be driven to slide left and right along the second guide rail by the swinging frame, so that the shower head moves left and right to realize spraying on a specific part or the whole of the test piece, thereby simulating different environments; and the sealing effect can be improved by inserting the storage tank with the insertion bar, thereby reducing leakage; after the cover has been covered with the storage tank, the first transmission rod can be further controlled to descend by extending the second hydraulic cylinder, so that the tension spring is elastically deformed, thereby applying greater pressure to the cover, improving the sealing effect and reducing leakage, and the pressing seat can be lowered, so that the test piece is pressed downward by the pressing seat and the third pressure sensor, thereby testing the load-bearing performance of the test piece; The blowing of the fan makes the sand particles flow in the space formed by the storage tank and the cover, so as to simulate the sandstorm environment in nature, and the fan can be moved left and right by controlling the swinging frame to change the position of the fan outlet, thereby changing the flow trajectory of the wind and sand in the space formed by the storage tank and the cover, so as to simulate the direction of the sandstorm and test the mechanical properties in this environment; The electric heating device, the electric refrigeration device, the liquid discharge pipe and the electric valve can simulate different temperature and humidity environment, test the mechanical properties in the environment, the fan is utilized during the period, the temperature and humidity in the space can be more uniform; the grinding part is installed, the grinding part is contacted with the test piece, then the test piece is moved left and right or rotated along with the clamping mechanism, the test piece is rubbed in different directions, the wear environment is simulated, the performance test of the wear in the environment is realized. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0016] Figure 1 It is the schematic diagram of the shaft side structure of the application.

[0017] Figure 2 It is the schematic diagram of the internal structure of the storage tank of the application.

[0018] Figure 3 It is the schematic diagram of the local enlarged structure of A of the application.

[0019] Figure 4 It is the left view schematic diagram of the cooperation of the storage tank and the shield of the application.

[0020] Figure 5 It is the front section structure schematic diagram of the cooperation of the shield and the first transmission rod and the swing frame of the application.

[0021] Figure 6 It is the cooperation schematic diagram of the sliding seat and the shower head of the application.

[0022] Figure 7 It is the cooperation schematic diagram of the sliding seat and the fan of the application.

[0023] Figure 8 It is the cooperation schematic diagram of the swing frame and the pressing frame of the application.

[0024] In the figure: 1, base, 2, storage tank, 4, hollow shaft, 5, transmission shaft, 6, No. 1 worm gear, 7, No. 1 servo motor, 8, No. 1 worm, 10, torsion force sensor, 11, guard, 12, liquid discharge pipe, 13, electric valve, 14, shower head, 15, connecting pipe, 16, support cylinder, 17, adjusting groove, 18, connecting bolt, 19, connecting nut, 20, elastic washer, 21, No. 1 hydraulic cylinder, 22, clamping jaw, 23, No. 1 through hole, 24, No. 1 pressure sensor, 25, No. 2 pressure sensor, 26, transmission disc, 27, support shaft, 28, No. 3 servo motor, 29, No. 3 worm, 30, No. 3 worm gear, 31, No. 2 servo motor, 32, swing frame, 33, No. 2 guide rail, 34, No. 2 through hole, 35, sliding seat, 36, sliding block, 37, No. 2 fastening bolt, 38, guide frame, 39, No. 2 hydraulic cylinder, 40, No. 1 transmission rod, 41, detection plate, 42, distance measuring sensor, 43, insertion strip, 44, guide cylinder, 45, No. 1 support disc, 46, tension spring, 47, No. 2 support disc, 48, No. 2 transmission rod, 49, pressing seat, 50, No. 1 guide rail, 51, No. 3 pressure sensor, 52, threading hole, 53, fan, 54, No. 1 fastening bolt, 55, lower guard net, 56, upper guard net, 57, bamboo joint pipe, 58, No. 3 support disc, 59, mounting cylinder, 60, electric heating device, 61, electric refrigeration device, 62, screw cover, 63, temperature and humidity sensor, 64, support plate, 65, polishing piece. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0025] The application will be further described in conjunction with the drawings and specific embodiments.

[0026] As Figures 1-8As shown, a kind of composite material mechanical property multi-environment simulation test equipment, including base 1, storage tank 2, push-pull mechanism, hollow shaft 4, transmission shaft 5, No. 6, No. 7, No. 8, clamping mechanism, torsional force sensor 10, shield 11, drain pipe 12, electric valve 13, shower head 14, connecting pipe 15, controller, the middle part of the base 1 is equipped with storage tank 2, and the left and right two parts are each fixed with push-pull mechanism, the left and right two parts of the storage tank 2 are each rotationally connected with hollow shaft 4, two the hollow shaft 4 is respectively coaxially and axially sealed slidingly connected with transmission shaft 5, and is respectively coaxially fixed with No. 6, No. 7 is fixed with one servo motor 8 in the left and right two parts of the storage tank 2, the shaft of two No. 7 is respectively coaxially fixed with one worm 8, the shaft of two No. 7 is respectively rotationally connected with storage tank 2, the adjacent end of two transmission shaft 5 is respectively equipped with clamping mechanism, two the push-pull mechanism is respectively matched with two transmission shaft 5 and can push and pull transmission shaft 5 left and right, two No. 8 is respectively engaged with two No. 6, the left and right two parts of the base 1 are each fixed with the torsional force sensor 10 matched with two hollow shafts 4, the top of the storage tank 2 is provided with the shield 11 capable of covering and separating, and the bottom is fixed with drain pipe 12, the middle part of the drain pipe 12 is fixed with the electric valve 13 capable of controlling on-off, the shield 11 is equipped with the detachable shower head 14, and is fixed with the penetrating connecting pipe 15, the connecting pipe 15 and shower head 14 are connected in waterway, the controller is electrically connected with No. 7, torsional force sensor 10 and electric valve 13, the controller is externally connected power supply, the controller is known prior art, such as single-chip microcomputer, PLC and industrial computer.

[0027] In use, the test piece is clamped by the two clamping mechanisms, the servo motor 7 is controlled to rotate forward and backward, the worm 8 and the worm gear 6 are used to make the two transmission shafts 5 rotate in the same direction or in the opposite direction, when the rotation directions are the same and the rotation speeds are the same, the test piece can rotate circumferentially, and when the rotation directions are opposite, the test piece can be twisted, the torsional force sensor 10 is used to test the torsional force resistance of the test piece, and before the test piece is twisted, the surface of the test piece can be pasted or installed with a patch sensor to test the mechanical properties of the surface of the test piece in more detail, the test piece can be stretched or extruded by the clamping mechanism through the control of the push-pull mechanism, and the resistance of the test piece to stretching and extrusion can be tested, the test liquid is injected into the shower head 14 through the connecting pipe 15, the surface of the test piece is sprayed by the shower head 14, the test piece is rotated circumferentially according to the need, the surface of the test piece is sprayed more uniformly, and the two forms of directional spraying and uniform spraying are simulated, the liquid is collected in the storage tank 2 during spraying, if the electric valve 13 is kept closed at this time, the liquid can immerse the test piece comprehensively after a period of time, the immersion environment is simulated, and the test accuracy is improved, if the electric valve 13 is kept open, the test piece can be continuously sprayed, and the simulation test under various environments is realized, after spraying or immersion is completed, the test piece is rotated quickly to perform dehydration treatment, the adhesion of the test liquid is reduced, the test piece is taken out, and the environment is not polluted by liquid dripping.

[0028] The clamping mechanism comprises a support cylinder 16, an adjusting groove 17, a connecting bolt 18, a connecting nut 19 and an elastic washer 20, the adjacent ends of the two transmission shafts 5 are respectively fixed with left and right horizontal support cylinders 16, the support cylinder 16 is a square cylinder, and the upper and lower parts of the support cylinder 16 are penetrated by the adjusting groove 17, the adjusting groove 17 extends in the front-rear direction, the support cylinder 16 is gap-connected with at least two vertical connecting bolts 18 through the adjusting groove 17, the upper part of each connecting bolt 18 is respectively threadedly connected with a connecting nut 19, and the two elastic washers 20 are respectively gap-connected, the two elastic washers 20 of the same connecting bolt 18 are respectively attached to the upper and lower ends of the support cylinder 16 under the clamping of the connecting bolt 18 and the connecting nut 19, and the connecting bolt 18 can move forward and backward in the adjusting groove 17.

[0029] Further, the test piece is clamped by drilling through holes at both ends of the test piece, using connecting bolts 18 to pass through the through holes, and then using the cooperation of the connecting bolts 18 and the connecting nuts 19 to achieve fastening on the supporting cylinder 16, so as to achieve clamping of the test piece, and the adjusting groove 17 allows the position of the connecting bolt 18 to be adjusted to adapt to test pieces of different sizes, and the elastic washer 20 can prevent accidental sliding of the connecting bolt 18 and the connecting nut 19, thereby ensuring the stability of the position.

[0030] The push-pull mechanism comprises a first hydraulic cylinder 21, a clamping jaw 22, a first through hole 23, a first pressure sensor 24, a second pressure sensor 25, a transmission disc 26, and the base 1 is fixed with a first hydraulic cylinder 21 along the horizontal direction on both sides, the hydraulic rods of the two first hydraulic cylinders 21 are respectively inserted into the left-right through gaps of the base 1, the axial ends of the hydraulic rods of the two first hydraulic cylinders 21 are respectively fixed with clamping jaws 22, the adjacent ends of the two clamping jaws 22 are respectively provided with disconnected first through holes 23, the adjacent ends of the two clamping jaws 22 are respectively fixed with first pressure sensors 24, and the opposite ends are respectively fixed with second pressure sensors 25, the opposite axial ends of the two transmission shafts 5 are respectively fixed with transmission discs 26, the two transmission discs 26 are respectively inserted into the gaps of the two clamping jaws 22, the two first through holes 23 are respectively inserted into the gaps of the two transmission shafts 5, and the two transmission discs 26 can respectively extrude the first pressure sensor 24 and the second pressure sensor 25 of the clamping jaw 22, the first hydraulic cylinder 21 is connected with the hydraulic transmission system outside, and the first pressure sensor 24 and the second pressure sensor 25 are respectively connected with the controller.

[0031] Further, the transmission disc 26 is inserted into the gap of the clamping jaw 22, and the clamping jaw 22 is controlled to stretch or retract, so that the transmission disc 26 is dragged or pushed to move left and right, and the extrusion of the first pressure sensor 24 or the second pressure sensor 25 is caused during the movement, so that the tensile force and the extrusion force are sensed to assist in testing the performance of the test piece in the tensile and extrusion environment; before clamping the test piece, the transmission disc 26, the transmission shaft 5 and the clamping mechanism are adjusted to move left and right by controlling the first hydraulic cylinder 21 to stretch or retract, so as to adapt to test pieces of different lengths.

[0032] The storage tank 2 is fixed with support shafts 27 at the front and rear ends, the two support shafts 27 are coaxial and are rotationally connected with the base 1, the front of the base 1 is fixed with a third servo motor 28, the rotating shaft of the third servo motor 28 is coaxially fixed with a third worm 29, the support shaft 27 at the front end of the storage tank 2 is coaxially fixed with a third worm wheel 30, the third worm 29 is engaged with the third worm wheel 30, and the third servo motor 28 is electrically connected with the controller.

[0033] Further, by controlling the No. 3 servo motor 28 to rotate forward and reverse, the meshing of the No. 3 worm 29 and the No. 3 worm gear 30 can make the support shaft 27 rotate forward and reverse, so as to make the storage tank 2 swing left and right. When the storage tank 2 has test liquid or solid (such as "rainwater", quicksand, silt, etc.), the storage tank 2 is covered by the shroud 11, and the left and right swinging of the storage tank 2 can simulate the flushing environment under the action of inertia, so as to test the related mechanical properties in this simulated environment. When the storage tank 2 swings, the transmission disc 26 can smoothly enter and exit the clamping jaw 22 without mutual obstruction; after the test is completed, the liquid and solid in the storage tank 2 can be discharged by swinging the storage tank 2 to one side, and only need to be collected.

[0034] The shroud 11 is fixed at the front end with a No. 2 servo motor 31 with braking function, and the upper part is hingedly connected with a swing frame 32 left and right. The inner wall of the shroud 11 is fixed with two No. 2 guide rails 33 horizontally left and right at the bottom of the front and rear ends, respectively. The two No. 2 guide rails 33 are respectively provided with disconnected No. 2 through openings 34 in the middle. The two No. 2 guide rails 33 are commonly connected with a sliding seat 35 left and right slidingly. The two sliding seats 35 are respectively hingedly connected with sliding blocks 36 left and right at the front and rear ends. The virtual hinge shafts of the two sliding blocks 36 are coaxially arranged and are respectively connected with the swing frame 32 slidingly up and down. The sliding directions of the two sliding blocks 36 and the swing frame 32 are corresponding and parallel to each other. The shower head 14 is threadedly connected with two No. 2 fastening bolts 37 which can be separated left and right at the left and right parts. The two No. 2 fastening bolts 37 can be respectively inserted through and detached from the left and right parts of the sliding seat 35. The spraying direction of the shower head 14 is downward and is detachably connected with the sliding seat 35. The liquid inlet of the shower head 14 is connected with the connecting pipe 15 through an excess detachable hose.

[0035] Further, by controlling the No. 2 servo motor 31 to rotate forward and reverse, the meshing of the No. 3 worm 29 and the No. 3 worm gear 30 can make the support shaft 27 rotate forward and reverse, so as to make the storage tank 2 swing left and right. When the storage tank 2 has test liquid or solid (such as "rainwater", quicksand, silt, etc.), the storage tank 2 is covered by the shroud 11, and the left and right swinging of the storage tank 2 can simulate the flushing environment under the action of inertia, so as to test the related mechanical properties in this simulated environment. When the storage tank 2 swings, the transmission disc 26 can smoothly enter and exit the clamping jaw 22 without mutual obstruction; after the test is completed, the liquid and solid in the storage tank 2 can be discharged by swinging the storage tank 2 to one side, and only need to be collected.

[0036] The upper portion of the storage tank 2 is fixed with a vertical guide frame 38, the top end of the guide frame 38 is fixed with a vertical No. 2 hydraulic cylinder 39, the hydraulic rod of the No. 2 hydraulic cylinder 39 penetrates the upper portion of the guide frame 38 up and down, and the bottom end of the hydraulic rod is fixed with a vertical No. 1 transmission rod 40, the No. 1 transmission rod 40 is installed with the protective cover 11, the top of the No. 1 transmission rod 40 is fixed with a horizontal detection plate 41, the upper portion of the guide frame 38 is fixed with a vertical distance measuring sensor 42, the distance measuring sensor 42 is used to measure the distance to the top end of the detection plate 41, the distance measuring sensor 42 is a known prior art, such as a laser distance measuring sensor, the No. 2 hydraulic cylinder 39 is connected with the hydraulic transmission system outside the oil circuit, the distance measuring sensor 42 is electrically connected with the controller, the inner edge of the bottom of the protective cover 11 is fixed with an insertion strip 43, the insertion strip 43 can be sealed with the upper portion of the storage tank 2 to improve the sealing effect of the protective cover 11 and the storage tank 2 after being closed.

[0037] Further, by controlling the extension and retraction of the No. 2 hydraulic cylinder 39, the protective cover 11 can be driven by the No. 1 transmission rod 40 to move up and down, so as to realize the closing or separation of the protective cover 11 and the storage tank 2, and the insertion of the insertion strip 43 and the storage tank 2 can improve the sealing effect and reduce leakage, the distance measuring sensor 42 measures the distance to the detection plate 41, which can know the up and down movement distance of the No. 1 transmission rod 40 relative to the guide frame 38, so as to determine the up and down position of the protective cover 11 relative to the storage tank 2.

[0038] The upper part of the protective cover 11 is fixed with a vertical guide cylinder 44, the first transmission rod 40 is in sealing sliding connection with the guide cylinder 44, the bottom end of the first transmission rod 40 is fixed with a horizontal first supporting disc 45, the first supporting disc 45 is fixed with a vertical tension spring 46 at the bottom end of the guide cylinder 44, the tension spring 46 is inserted in the gap of the first transmission rod 40, the bottom end of the first supporting disc 45 is fixed with a detachable second supporting disc 47 through bolt fastening, the bottom end of the second supporting disc 47 is fixed with a vertical second transmission rod 48, the bottom end of the second transmission rod 48 is fixed with a vertical pressing seat 49, the inner wall of the protective cover 11 is fixed with a vertical first guide rail 50 at the front and rear ends, the pressing seat 49 is in sliding connection with the two first guide rails 50, the pressing seat 49 can be inserted in the gap of the second through hole 34 and can be separated from the first guide rail 50, the bottom end of the pressing seat 49 is fixed with a third pressure sensor 51, the power line and data line of the third pressure sensor 51 are inserted in the gap from bottom to top and then leak out after passing through the inside of the pressing seat 49 and the second supporting disc 47, the bottom end of the first supporting disc 45 is upwardly provided with a wire hole 52, the wire hole 52 extends upwardly to the upper part of the first transmission rod 40 and then penetrates radially, a wire harness for transmitting power and signal is arranged in the wire hole 52, the wire harness is detachably electrically connected with the power line and data line of the third pressure sensor 51 which leaks out on the second supporting disc 47, the wire harness is electrically connected with the controller, the swinging frame 32 penetrates the upper part of the swinging frame 32, and the upper part of the swinging frame 32 penetrates the gap of the first transmission rod 40 and the tension spring 46.

[0039] Further, when the protective cover 11 has been covered with the storage tank 2, the second hydraulic cylinder 39 is further controlled to extend, so that the first transmission rod 40 continues to descend and the tension spring 46 is elastically deformed, thereby exerting greater pressure on the protective cover 11, improving the sealing effect and reducing leakage, and the pressing seat 49 can also be lowered, so that the pressing seat 49 and the third pressure sensor 51 press downwardly on the test piece, thereby testing the load-bearing performance of the test piece; before testing this performance, the shower head 14 should be disassembled first, then the swinging frame 32 is swung to expose the second through hole 34, and then the pressing seat 49 and the second supporting disc 47 are installed, so that this performance test can be performed, and the installation of the shower head 14 or the installation of the pressing seat 49 can be selected differently according to needs; the wire hole 52 can well protect the wire harness and ensure the stability of the electrical connection.

[0040] The middle part of the sliding seat 35 is inserted with a detachable fan 53, the left and right parts of the fan 53 are respectively connected with a separable No. 1 fastening bolt 54, the two No. 1 fastening bolts 54 are respectively inserted with the left and right parts of the sliding seat 35 with a gap, and can be separated from the sliding seat 35, the bottom of the fan 53 is fixed with a lower protective net 55, the upper part of the fan 53 is fixed with an upper protective net 56, the upper protective net 56 is arched, the lower protective net 55 and the upper protective net 56 jointly protect the fan blades and the motor of the fan 53, the lower protective net 55 and the upper protective net 56 allow air to flow freely and block sand particles, the top end of the upper protective net 56 is fixed with a telescopic and bendable bamboo joint pipe 57, the outer periphery of the upper part of the bamboo joint pipe 57 is fixed with a No. 3 supporting disc 58, the No. 3 supporting disc 58 is detachably fastened and connected with the No. 1 supporting disc 45 through bolts, the power line of the fan 53 passes upward through the bamboo joint pipe 57 and the No. 3 supporting disc 58 and is detachably electrically connected with the wire harness.

[0041] Further, after the shower head 14, the pressing seat 49 and the No. 2 supporting disc 47 are detached, the fan 53 is installed by using the No. 1 fastening bolt 54, then the sand particles are filled into the storage tank 2, the protective cover 11 is closed, and then the fan 53 is started, so that the blowing of the fan 53 makes the sand particles flow in the space formed by the storage tank 2 and the protective cover 11, so that the test piece is washed, the sandstorm environment in nature is simulated, and by controlling the left and right swinging of the swinging frame 32, the fan 53 can move left and right, so that the position of the fan 53 is changed, and then the flow track of the sand and dust in the space formed by the storage tank 2 and the protective cover 11 is changed, so that the simulation of the direction of the sandstorm is realized, and the mechanical properties in this environment are tested.

[0042] The left and right parts of the protective cover 11 are respectively fixed with an axially penetrating installation cylinder 59, one of the installation cylinders 59 is fixed with an electric heating device 60, the other installation cylinder 59 is fixed with an electric refrigeration device 61, the parts of the two installation cylinders 59 located in the protective cover 11 are respectively screw-connected with a detachable screw cap 62 on the outer wall, the connecting pipe 15 and the No. 1 supporting disc 45 are also respectively screw-connected with a detachable screw cap 62, the electric heating device 60 and the electric refrigeration device 61 are respectively electrically connected with the controller, the fan 53 is fixed with a temperature and humidity sensor 63, the temperature and humidity sensor 63 is surrounded by the lower protective net 55 and the upper protective net 56, and the power line and the signal line pass through the bamboo joint pipe 57 and are detachably electrically connected with the wire harness. Such detachable electrical connection, including the detachable connection mentioned above, is prior art, which can be realized by using male and female plugs to facilitate disassembly.

[0043] Furthermore, after the protective cover 11 is closed with the storage tank 2, the electric heating device and the electric cooling device 61 can respectively heat and cool the space formed by the storage tank 2 and the protective cover 11. During this process, the fan 53 can make the temperature in the space more uniform, thereby simulating different temperature environments and testing the mechanical properties under this environment. By connecting the drain pipe 12 to an external water source, water can be injected or drained into the storage tank 2. At the same time, the heating effect of the electric heating device 60 can be used to roughly control the humidity in this space. The fan 53 can make the humidity uniform. By controlling the opening and closing of the protective cover 11, the humidity in the space can be quickly discharged. This allows for more accurate humidity control, enabling the simulation of different humidity environments and testing of mechanical properties under these conditions. The addition of a temperature and humidity sensor 63 allows for measurement of temperature and humidity within the space, facilitating temperature and humidity control. When controlling temperature and humidity, the showerhead 14 and the pressing base 49 need to be removed, and the first support plate 45 and connecting pipe 15 need to be sealed and protected using the screw cap 62. Correspondingly, the screw caps 62 on the two mounting cylinders 59 need to be removed. When temperature and humidity control is not required, or when simulating a sandstorm environment, the screw caps 62 on the two mounting cylinders 59 need to be reinstalled for protection.

[0044] The storage tank 2 has a set of support plates 64 fixed at both the front and rear ends of its inner wall. Two support plates 64 that correspond to each other on the left and right constitute a set. The two sets of support plates 64 are respectively connected to grinding parts 65 by bolts.

[0045] The grinding component 65 is a known prior art, such as a brush or grinding stone, used to contact and rub the composite material to be tested in order to test its wear resistance; the first hydraulic cylinder 21 and the second hydraulic cylinder 39 are specifically double-acting linear piston hydraulic cylinders.

[0046] Furthermore, by installing the grinding component 65 and ensuring that the grinding component 65 is in contact with the test piece, and then using the test piece to move left and right or rotate with the clamping mechanism, friction can be applied to the test piece in different directions to simulate the wear environment and achieve performance testing of wear under this environment.

[0047] The above description represents a preferred embodiment of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, any changes, modifications, substitutions, and variations made to the implementation methods without departing from the principles and spirit of the present invention, based on the teachings of the present invention, still fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A multi-environment simulation testing device for the mechanical properties of composite materials, comprising a base (1), a storage tank (2), a push-pull mechanism, a hollow shaft (4), a transmission shaft (5), a first worm gear (6), a first servo motor (7), a first worm (8), a clamping mechanism, a torsional force sensor (10), a protective cover (11), a drain pipe (12), an electric valve (13), a shower head (14), a connecting pipe (15), and a controller, characterized in that: The base (1) has a storage slot (2) installed in the middle, and push-pull mechanisms are fixed on the left and right sides. Hollow shafts (4) are rotatably connected to the left and right sides of the storage slot (2). The two hollow shafts (4) are axially sealed and slidably connected to a transmission shaft (5), and a first worm gear (6) is fixed on the left and right sides of the storage slot (2). A first servo motor (7) is fixed on the left and right sides of the storage slot (2). A first worm gear (8) is fixed on the shaft of each of the two first servo motors (7). The shafts of the two first servo motors (7) are rotatably connected to the storage slot (2). Clamping mechanisms are installed at the adjacent ends of the two transmission shafts (5). The two push-pull mechanisms cooperate with the two transmission shafts (5) and can push and pull the transmission shafts (5) left and right. The two No. 1 worm gears (8) are respectively engaged with the two No. 1 worm wheels (6). The base (1) is fixed with a torsion force sensor (10) that cooperates with the two hollow shafts (4) on both the left and right sides. The storage tank (2) is provided with a cover (11) that can be closed and opened, and a drain pipe (12) is fixed at the bottom. An electric valve (13) for controlling the opening and closing is fixed in the middle of the drain pipe (12). A detachable shower head (14) is installed inside the cover (11), and a through connecting pipe (15) is fixed. The connecting pipe (15) is connected to the shower head (14) by a water circuit. The controller is electrically connected to the No. 1 servo motor (7), the torsion force sensor (10) and the electric valve (13). The controller is connected to an external power supply.

2. The multi-environment simulation testing equipment for the mechanical properties of composite materials according to claim 1, characterized in that: The clamping mechanism includes a support cylinder (16), an adjustment groove (17), a connecting bolt (18), a connecting nut (19), and an elastic washer (20). The two drive shafts (5) are respectively fixed with horizontal support cylinders (16) on the left and right sides. The support cylinder (16) is square cylindrical and has an adjustment groove (17) running through it from top to bottom. The adjustment groove (17) extends in the front-back direction. At least two vertical connecting bolts (18) are inserted into the support cylinder (16) through the gap of the adjustment groove (17). The upper part of each connecting bolt (18) is threaded with a connecting nut (19) and two elastic washers (20) are inserted into it through the gap. The two elastic washers (20) of the same connecting bolt (18) are respectively attached to the upper and lower ends of the support cylinder (16) under the joint clamping of the connecting bolt (18) and the connecting nut (19). The connecting bolt (18) can move back and forth in the adjustment groove (17).

3. The multi-environment simulation testing equipment for the mechanical properties of composite materials according to claim 1, characterized in that: The push-pull mechanism includes a first hydraulic cylinder (21), a gripper (22), a first port (23), a first pressure sensor (24), a second pressure sensor (25), and a transmission disc (26). The base (1) has a first hydraulic cylinder (21) fixed to each of its left and right sides in a horizontal direction. The hydraulic rods of the two first hydraulic cylinders (21) are respectively inserted into the base (1) through a gap in the left and right directions. Grippers (22) are fixed to the axial ends of the hydraulic rods of the two first hydraulic cylinders (21). A first port (23) is provided at the adjacent ends of the two grippers (22). A first pressure sensor (24) is fixed to the adjacent ends of the two grippers (22). The two transmission shafts (5) are respectively fixed with two pressure sensors (25) at opposite ends. The two transmission shafts (5) are respectively fixed with transmission discs (26) at opposite axial ends. The two transmission discs (26) are respectively inserted into the two grippers (22) with a gap. The two first ports (23) are respectively inserted into the two transmission shafts (5) with a gap. The two transmission discs (26) can squeeze the first pressure sensor (24) and the second pressure sensor (25) of the gripper (22) respectively. The first hydraulic cylinder (21) is connected to the external hydraulic transmission system with an oil circuit. The first pressure sensor (24) and the second pressure sensor (25) are respectively electrically connected to the controller.

4. The multi-environment simulation testing equipment for the mechanical properties of composite materials according to claim 3, characterized in that: The storage tank (2) has support shafts (27) fixed at both ends. The two support shafts (27) are coaxial and rotatably connected to the base (1). The base (1) has a No. 3 servo motor (28) fixed at the front. The No. 3 worm gear (29) is coaxially fixed to the shaft of the No. 3 servo motor (28). The support shaft (27) at the front end of the storage tank (2) has a No. 3 worm wheel (30) coaxially fixed. The No. 3 worm gear (29) meshes with the No. 3 worm wheel (30). The No. 3 servo motor (28) is electrically connected to the controller.

5. A multi-environment simulation testing device for the mechanical properties of composite materials according to any one of claims 1-4, characterized in that: The front end of the protective cover (11) is fixed with a second servo motor (31) with braking function, and the upper part is hinged to the left and right with a swing frame (32). The bottom of the inner wall of the protective cover (11) is fixed with two horizontal second guide rails (33) at the front and rear ends. The middle part of the two second guide rails (33) is provided with a broken second passage (34). The two second guide rails (33) are slidably connected to the sliding seat (35) on the left and right. The front and rear parts of the two sliding seats (35) are each hinged to the left and right with a slider (36). The virtual hinge axis of the two sliders (36) is set coaxially and is respectively connected to the swing frame. The frame (32) is slidably connected up and down. The sliding directions of the two sliders (36) and the swing frame (32) are corresponding to each other and parallel. The left and right sides of the shower head (14) are each threaded with a separable No. 2 fastening bolt (37). The two No. 2 fastening bolts (37) can be inserted into and detached from the left and right sides of the sliding seat (35) respectively. The spray direction of the shower head (14) is downward, and it is inserted into and detached from the sliding seat (35). The liquid inlet of the shower head (14) is connected to the connecting pipe (15) through the excess detachable hose.

6. The multi-environment simulation testing equipment for the mechanical properties of composite materials according to claim 5, characterized in that: A vertical guide frame (38) is fixed to the upper part of the storage tank (2). A vertical second hydraulic cylinder (39) is fixed to the top of the guide frame (38). The hydraulic rod of the second hydraulic cylinder (39) runs through the upper part of the guide frame (38) from top to bottom, and a vertical first transmission rod (40) is fixed to the bottom of its hydraulic rod. The first transmission rod (40) is installed with the protective cover (11). A horizontal detection plate (41) is fixed to the top of the first transmission rod (40). The upper part of the guide frame (38) A vertical distance sensor (42) is fixed thereon. The distance sensor (42) is used to measure the distance to the top of the detection plate (41). The second hydraulic cylinder (39) is connected to the external hydraulic transmission system by oil circuit. The distance sensor (42) is electrically connected to the controller. A strip (43) is fixed on the inner edge of the bottom of the cover (11). The strip (43) can be sealed and inserted into the upper part of the storage tank (2) to improve the sealing effect after the cover (11) and the storage tank (2) are covered.

7. The multi-environment simulation testing equipment for the mechanical properties of composite materials according to claim 6, characterized in that: A vertical guide cylinder (44) is fixed to the upper part of the protective cover (11). The first transmission rod (40) is slidably connected to the guide cylinder (44) with sealing between the upper and lower parts. A horizontal first support plate (45) is fixed to the bottom end of the first transmission rod (40). A vertical tension spring (46) is fixed to the bottom end of the first support plate (45) and the guide cylinder (44). The tension spring (46) is inserted into the outside of the first transmission rod (40) with a gap. The first support plate (45) The bottom end of the protective cover (11) is fastened with a detachable second support plate (47) by bolts. A vertical second transmission rod (48) is fixed to the bottom end of the second support plate (47). A vertical pressing seat (49) is fixed to the bottom end of the second transmission rod (48). Vertical first guide rails (50) are fixed to the front and rear ends of the inner wall of the protective cover (11). The pressing seat (49) is slidably connected to the two first guide rails (50) in a vertical manner. The pressing seat (49) can be connected to the two first guide rails (50) in a vertical manner. The No. 34 port is interlocked with the No. 1 guide rail (50) and can be separated vertically. The No. 3 pressure sensor (51) is fixed at the bottom of the pressing base (49). The power line and data line of the No. 3 pressure sensor (51) pass through the pressing base (49) and the No. 2 support plate (47) from bottom to top and then protrude. The bottom of the No. 1 support plate (45) has a wire hole (52) opening upwards. The wire hole (52) extends upwards to the No. 1 transmission rod. (40) The upper part is radially penetrating, and the wire harness for transmitting power and signal is inserted in the wire hole (52). The wire harness is detachably electrically connected to the power line and data line of the No. 3 pressure sensor (51) exposed on the No. 2 support plate (47). The wire harness is electrically connected to the controller. The upper part of the swing frame (32) is penetrating vertically. The upper part of the swing frame (32) is intermittently inserted with the No. 1 transmission rod (40) and the tension spring (46).

8. The multi-environment simulation testing equipment for the mechanical properties of composite materials according to claim 7, characterized in that: A detachable fan (53) is inserted into the middle of the sliding seat (35). Each of the left and right sides of the fan (53) is threaded with a detachable No. 1 fastening bolt (54). The two No. 1 fastening bolts (54) are respectively inserted into the left and right sides of the sliding seat (35) with a gap, and can be separated from the sliding seat (35). A lower protective net (55) is fixed to the bottom of the fan (53), and an upper protective net (56) is fixed to the upper part of the fan (53). The upper protective net (56) is arched. The lower protective net (55) and the upper protective net (56) together support the fan (53). The fan blades and motor of the fan (53) are protected. The lower guard net (55) and the upper guard net (56) allow air to circulate freely and block sand particles. The top of the upper guard net (56) is fixed with a bamboo tube (57) that can be stretched and bent. The upper outer periphery of the bamboo tube (57) is fixed with a third support plate (58). The third support plate (58) is detachably fastened to the first support plate (45) by bolts. The power line of the fan (53) passes upward through the bamboo tube (57) and the third support plate (58) and is detachably electrically connected to the wire harness.

9. The multi-environment simulation testing equipment for the mechanical properties of composite materials according to claim 7, characterized in that: The protective cover (11) has an axially penetrating mounting cylinder (59) fixed on both the left and right sides. An electric heating device (60) is fixed inside one of the mounting cylinders (59), and an electric cooling device (61) is fixed inside the other mounting cylinder (59). The parts of the two mounting cylinders (59) located inside the protective cover (11) are respectively threaded with detachable screw caps (62) on their outer walls. The connecting pipe (15) and the first support plate (45) are also respectively threaded with detachable screw caps (62). The electric heating device (60) and the electric cooling device (61) are respectively electrically connected to the controller. The fan (53) is fixed with a temperature and humidity sensor (63). The temperature and humidity sensor (63) is surrounded by a lower protective net (55) and an upper protective net (56). The power line and signal line pass through the bamboo tube (57) and are detachably electrically connected to the wire harness.

10. A multi-environment simulation testing device for the mechanical properties of composite materials according to any one of claims 1, 2, 3, 4, 6, 7, 8, and 9, characterized in that: The storage tank (2) has a set of support plates (64) fixed at both the front and rear ends of its inner wall. The two support plates (64) that correspond to each other on the left and right are a set. The two sets of support plates (64) are respectively connected to grinding parts (65) by bolts.

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