Deep rock physical property nuclear magnetic resonance sensing equipment and sensing method for drilling

Abstract

The invention provides a deep rock physical property nuclear magnetic resonance sensing device for drilling, and relates to the technical field of drilling, the deep rock physical property nuclear magnetic resonance sensing device comprises a drill bit, a shell, a detection module, a plurality of central through cable drill rods, a ground central processing unit and a power supply, the drill bit is arranged at the bottom of the shell, and the top of the shell is in threaded connection with the central through cable drill rods; the center cable-passing drill rods are detachably connected in a threaded mode, the ends, away from the shell, of the center cable-passing drill rods are electrically connected with the ground central processing unit, the ground central processing unit is electrically connected with the power source, and a gradient magnetic field generator, a magneto-dependent sensor and a signal processor are sequentially arranged in the shell in the direction from the drill bit to the center cable-passing drill rods. The gradient magnetic field generator, the magneto-dependent sensor and the signal processor are electrically connected, the signal processor is electrically connected with the ends, close to the shell, of the center cable passing drill rods, and accurate detection and modeling of physical property parameters of deep rock mass are achieved by integrating the multi-nuclear magnetic resonance detection technology in the shell.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the field of drilling technology, in particular to a deep rock mass physical property nuclear magnetic resonance sensing device and sensing method for drilling. BACKGROUND

[0002] Deep rock mass physical property sensing is an important link in geological exploration and underground engineering, and is of great significance for evaluating the physical properties, fracture distribution and fluid storage characteristics of rock mass. Existing rock mass physical property detection technologies mainly include acoustic wave detection, resistivity imaging and geological radar, etc. These methods have played an important role in traditional engineering applications, but have significant shortcomings in adaptability in complex geological conditions and deep environments. For example, acoustic wave detection analyzes the speed of sound wave propagation in rock mass to infer the fracture distribution and physical property information. However, in water-bearing rock mass, the acoustic wave signal is easily affected by fluid absorption effect, resulting in serious signal attenuation and unable to accurately reflect the micro characteristics. Resistivity imaging technology measures the resistivity distribution of rock mass to infer the water content and fracture characteristics, but for dry rock mass or high-resistance geology, the imaging resolution is low, which cannot meet the needs of high-precision three-dimensional modeling. In addition, although geological radar has good resolution in shallow fracture detection, its signal penetration depth is limited, making it difficult to achieve efficient detection in deep and complex rock mass environments.

[0003] In recent years, nuclear magnetic resonance technology has attracted attention as a new rock mass physical property detection method because it can directly reflect the microstructure characteristics of rock mass. Nuclear magnetic resonance technology detects the resonance characteristics of nuclear spins in an external magnetic field to obtain physical parameters such as porosity, water content and fluid distribution, and especially shows excellent sensitivity in the detection of water-bearing rock mass. However, the application of nuclear magnetic resonance equipment is currently mainly concentrated in laboratory environments, such as measuring the porosity and water content of rock samples. These laboratory devices are usually large in size and rely on stable magnetic fields and high-precision sensors, making it difficult to integrate into deep drilling environments for field operations. In addition, although portable nuclear magnetic resonance detection devices perform well in shallow detection, their detection capabilities are usually limited to single nuclear signals, which cannot meet the sensing needs of multi-modal physical property parameters of rock mass.

[0004] Traditional nuclear magnetic resonance devices cannot be miniaturized and have high pressure resistance, making it difficult to integrate into the interior of the drill bit. Secondly, multi-nuclear detection technology has not been widely applied in the field of rock mass detection, and the dependence of existing devices on hydrogen nuclear signals leads to limitations in physical property information, which cannot fully reflect the distribution characteristics of organic matter and fluid in rock mass under complex geological conditions. In addition, current nuclear magnetic resonance devices mostly use offline data processing mode, which fails to realize real-time detection and analysis, seriously affecting the response capability to dynamic geological conditions during drilling. Therefore, there is currently a lack of a nuclear magnetic resonance device that can adapt to deep drilling environments. SUMMARY

[0005] Therefore, to solve the above problems, the embodiment of the present application provides a deep rock mass physical property nuclear magnetic resonance sensing device and a sensing method for drilling.

[0006] The technical scheme of the present application is implemented as follows: The embodiment of the present application provides a deep rock mass physical property nuclear magnetic resonance sensing device for drilling, which comprises a drill bit, a shell, a detection module, a plurality of central cable drill rods, a ground central processing unit and a power supply, the bottom of the shell is provided with the drill bit, the top of the shell is threadedly connected with the central cable drill rod, a plurality of the central cable drill rods are detachably threadedly connected, one end of the plurality of central cable drill rods away from the shell is electrically connected with the ground central processing unit, the ground central processing unit is electrically connected with the power supply, the inside of the shell is provided with the detection module, the detection module comprises a gradient magnetic field generator, a magnetic sensor and a signal processor, the inside of the shell is sequentially provided with the gradient magnetic field generator, the magnetic sensor and the signal processor along the direction from the drill bit to the central cable drill rod, the gradient magnetic field generator, the magnetic sensor and the signal processor are electrically connected, and one end of the signal processor close to the shell is electrically connected with the plurality of central cable drill rods.

[0007] On the basis of the above technical scheme, preferably, a temperature sensor is further included, which is arranged in the shell and located between the gradient magnetic field generator and the drill bit.

[0008] On the basis of the above technical scheme, preferably, a heat sink is further included, which is arranged in the shell and located between the magnetic sensor and the signal processor.

[0009] On the basis of the above technical scheme, preferably, the cross-sectional structure of the shell is sequentially made of a high-temperature-resistant polymer material, a high-strength steel and a high-temperature-resistant and wear-resistant coating from inside to outside.

[0010] More preferably, the high-temperature-resistant polymer material is fluorine rubber.

[0011] More preferably, the high-strength steel is glass steel.

[0012] More preferably, the high-temperature-resistant and wear-resistant coating is a ceramic coating.

[0013] The embodiment of the present application further provides a sensing method applied to the deep rock mass physical property sensing device for drilling as claimed in claims 1 to 7, which comprises the following steps: S1, the detection module is deperming, a plurality of drilling measurement depths are set, and drilling is performed on the rock stratum through the drill bit rotation after completion; S2, whenever the drill bit drills to a set drilling measurement depth, drilling is stopped, and the gradient magnetic field generator is started to emit a gradient magnetic signal from the drilling position to the surrounding rock mass; S3, the gradient magnetic field generator is turned off, and the magnetic sensitive sensor receives the returned magnetic signal in real time; S4, the magnetic sensitive sensor transmits the received signal to the signal processor, and the signal processor denoises and amplifies the signal; S5, the signal processor transmits the processed signal to the ground central processing unit through the central cable drill rod; S6, steps S2 to S5 are repeated multiple times until drilling measurement of multiple drilling measurement depths is completed, nuclear magnetic information of each set drilling measurement depth position is obtained during drilling, and the ground central processing unit generates a three-dimensional distribution model of rock mass physical parameters including porosity, water content and fracture distribution characteristics according to all collected information.

[0014] On the basis of the above technical scheme, preferably, the signal processor in S4 uses an adaptive filtering algorithm to denoise the signal, and uses a fast Fourier transform algorithm to separate the target signal from the background interference signal, to ensure the clarity and accuracy of the signal.

[0015] On the basis of the above technical scheme, preferably, in S6, the ground central processing unit fuses and processes the nuclear magnetic signal and the traditional geological parameters through a Transformer deep learning model, extracts key indicators of rock mass physical properties such as porosity, fracture distribution characteristics and water content, then uses a convolutional neural network to capture local geometric features, combines the Transformer network to establish the dependence relationship of the global rock mass structure, and finally generates a three-dimensional distribution model of rock mass physical parameters including porosity, water content and fracture distribution characteristics.

[0016] The deep rock mass physical property nuclear magnetic resonance sensing device for drilling has the following beneficial effects relative to the prior art: (1) By setting the detection module, the detection module includes a gradient magnetic field generator, a magnetic sensitive sensor and a signal processor, the gradient magnetic field generator, the magnetic sensitive sensor and the signal processor are sequentially arranged in the shell along the direction from the drill bit to the central cable drill rod, in this way, multi-nuclear magnetic resonance detection technology is integrated in the shell, and accurate detection and modeling of deep rock mass physical parameters are realized; (2) A plurality of central cable drill rods are electrically connected with the ground central processing unit to replace wireless transmission with wired transmission, and the accuracy of signal transmission is ensured; (3) The shell section structure is sequentially high-temperature-resistant polymer material, high-strength steel and high-temperature-resistant wear-resistant coating from inside to outside, so that the inside of the shell can be better protected. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0017] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application or the prior art, the drawings needed to be used in the embodiments or the prior art description will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present application, and other drawings can be obtained by those skilled in the art without creative labor.

[0018] Figure 1 is a structural schematic diagram of a deep rock mass physical property nuclear magnetic resonance sensing device for drilling provided by the present application; Figure 2 is a structural schematic diagram of a detection module of a deep rock mass physical property nuclear magnetic resonance sensing device for drilling provided by the present application; Figure 3 is a method flowchart of a deep rock mass physical property nuclear magnetic resonance sensing method for drilling provided by the present application; In the figure: drill bit 1, shell 2, detection module 3, gradient magnetic field generator 31, magnetic sensor 32, signal processor 33, central cable-through drill rod 4, ground central processing unit 5, power supply 6, temperature sensor 7, and heat sink 8. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0019] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be described clearly and completely below in combination with the embodiments of the present application. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some of the embodiments of the present application, but not all the embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the present application, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative labor are within the scope of protection of the present application.

[0020] As shown in Figure 1 and Figure 2 , the embodiments of the present application provide a deep rock mass physical property nuclear magnetic resonance sensing device for drilling, which comprises a drill bit 1, a shell 2, a detection module 3, a plurality of central cable-through drill rods 4, a ground central processing unit 5, a power supply 6, a temperature sensor 7, and a heat sink 8.

[0021] The drill bit 1 is used for rock drilling, and specifically, the drill bit 1 is arranged at the bottom of the shell 2, and the drill bit 1 can rotate with the rotation of the shell 2 and the cable-through drill rod 4.

[0022] The shell 2 is used for protecting internal electrical components. Specifically, the shell 2 is structured from inside to outside by high-temperature-resistant polymer material, high-strength steel, and high-temperature-resistant and wear-resistant coating.

[0023] The high-temperature-resistant polymer material is elastic rubber or fluororubber or silicone. In this embodiment, the high-temperature-resistant polymer material is fluororubber. Since fluororubber is an insulating material, it can prevent the electrical components in the shell 2 from being affected by electric conduction and thus working properly. Moreover, fluororubber has good heat resistance and can prevent melting due to high temperature during working. In addition, fluororubber has a certain elasticity and can absorb drilling vibration and buffer impact force, thus protecting internal electronic devices.

[0024] In this embodiment, the high-strength steel is glass steel, which has high hardness and can withstand drilling pressure to protect internal precision modules from damage by external rock debris, mud, impact, etc. Moreover, glass steel has low magnetic permeability, which is conducive to normal emission of magnetic signals and correct reception of magnetic signals.

[0025] In this embodiment, the high-temperature-resistant and wear-resistant coating is a ceramic coating, which has good wear resistance and high-temperature resistance to resist wear during high-speed rotation drilling and oxidation and corrosion in high-temperature environments. Moreover, the ceramic coating has low magnetic permeability, which is conducive to normal emission of magnetic signals and correct reception of magnetic signals.

[0026] The detection module 3 is used for multi-nuclear magnetic resonance detection of rock mass. Specifically, the shell 2 is internally provided with the detection module 3, which includes a gradient magnetic field generator 31, a magnetic sensor 32, and a signal processor 33. The shell 2 is sequentially provided with the gradient magnetic field generator 31, the magnetic sensor 32, and the signal processor 33 in the direction from the drill bit 1 to the center cable drill rod 4, and the gradient magnetic field generator 31, the magnetic sensor 32, and the signal processor 33 are electrically connected. The gradient magnetic field generator 31 is used for emitting gradient magnetic signals to the surrounding rock mass from the drilling position, the magnetic sensor 32 is used for real-time reception of return magnetic signals, and the signal processor 33 is used for denoising and amplifying signals.

[0027] The center cable drill rod 4 is used for transmitting signals to the ground central processing unit 5. Specifically, the top of the shell 2 is threadedly connected with the center cable drill rod 4, a plurality of the center cable drill rods 4 are detachably threadedly connected, the ends of the plurality of center cable drill rods 4 away from the shell 2 are electrically connected with the ground central processing unit 5, and the signal processor 33 is electrically connected with the ends of the plurality of center cable drill rods 4 close to the shell 2. In this way, signals are transmitted through the cables in the center cable drill rods 4, and in the case of large interference geological conditions, wired transmission is used instead of wireless transmission to ensure the integrity and stability of signals.

[0028] The ground central processing unit 5 is used for analyzing data. The ground central processing unit 5 is equipped with a high-performance computing server, and realizes fusion processing of multi-modal data in combination with an embedded deep learning algorithm. The unit can jointly analyze the nuclear magnetic signal and the traditional geological parameters of the rock mass, extract the physical characteristics of the rock mass, and generate a three-dimensional distribution model.

[0029] The power supply 6 is used for power supply. Specifically, the ground central processing unit 5 is electrically connected to the power supply 6 through a wire. The temperature sensor 7 is used for real-time monitoring of temperature. Specifically, the temperature sensor 7 is arranged in the shell 2 and located between the gradient magnetic field generator 31 and the drill bit 1. Since the drill bit 1 generates high temperature during drilling, the temperature sensor 7 needs to monitor in real time, and stop working in time to prevent damage to electrical elements when the temperature is too high.

[0030] The radiator 8 is used for heat dissipation of the signal processor 33. Specifically, the radiator 8 is arranged in the shell 2 and located between the magnetic sensor 32 and the signal processor 33. The radiator 8 can be a fan or a heat sink. In the embodiment, the radiator 8 is an aluminum plate heat sink, and the fan is easy to interfere with electrical elements, and the fan is easy to break.

[0031] As shown in Figure 3 The embodiment of the present application also provides a sensing method applied to the deep rock mass physical property sensing device for drilling. S1, the detection module 3 performs demagnetization processing, and sets a plurality of drilling measurement depths, and after completion, the drill bit 1 is rotated to drill a hole in the rock layer; S2, when the drill bit 1 drills to a set drilling measurement depth, drilling is stopped, and the gradient magnetic field generator 31 is started to emit a gradient magnetic signal from the drilling position to the surrounding rock mass; S3, the gradient magnetic field generator 31 is turned off, and the magnetic sensor 32 is used to receive the returned magnetic signal in real time; S4, the magnetic sensor 32 transmits the received signal to the signal processor 33, and the signal processor 33 denoises and amplifies the signal; S5, the signal processor 33 transmits the processed signal to the ground central processing unit 5 through the central cable drill rod 4; S6, steps S2 to S5 are repeated multiple times until drilling measurement of multiple drilling measurement depths is completed, nuclear magnetic information of each set drilling measurement depth position is obtained during drilling, and the ground central processing unit 5 generates a three-dimensional distribution model of rock mass physical property parameters including porosity, water content and fracture distribution characteristics according to all collected information.

[0032] In the embodiment, the signal processor 33 in S4 adopts an adaptive filtering algorithm to denoise the signal, can dynamically remove high-frequency and low-frequency noise under complex geological conditions, and at the same time, enhance the effective signal. And use the fast Fourier transform algorithm to separate the target signal and the background interference signal, for ensuring the clarity and accuracy of the signal.

[0033] In the embodiment, the ground central processing unit 5 in S6 fuses and processes the nuclear magnetic signal and the traditional geological parameters through the Transformer deep learning model, extracts the key indicators of the rock mass physical properties such as porosity, fracture distribution characteristics and water content, then, uses the convolutional neural network to capture the local geometric features, combines the Transformer network to establish the dependence relationship of the global rock mass structure, and finally generates the three-dimensional distribution model of the rock mass physical property parameters including porosity, water content and fracture distribution characteristics.

[0034] The above only describes the preferred embodiments of the present application and is not intended to limit the present application. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present application shall be included in the protection scope of the present application.

Claims

1. A deep rock mass physical property nuclear magnetic resonance sensing device for drilling, characterized by: The device comprises a drill bit, a shell, a detection module, a plurality of central cable drill rods, a ground central processing unit and a power supply. The bottom of the shell is provided with the drill bit, and the top of the shell is threadedly connected with the central cable drill rods, which are detachably threadedly connected with each other, and the ends of the central cable drill rods away from the shell are electrically connected with the ground central processing unit, which is electrically connected with the power supply. The shell is internally provided with the detection module, which comprises a gradient magnetic field generator, a magnetic sensor and a signal processor. The shell is internally provided with the detection module, which comprises a gradient magnetic field generator, a magnetic sensor and a signal processor. The signal processor is electrically connected with the ends of the central cable drill rods close to the shell.

2. A deep rock mass property nuclear magnetic resonance sensing device for drilling as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: A temperature sensor is further arranged in the shell between the gradient magnetic field generator and the drill bit.

3. A deep rock mass property nuclear magnetic resonance sensing device for drilling as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: A heat sink is further arranged in the shell between the magnetic sensor and the signal processor.

4. A deep rock mass property nuclear magnetic resonance sensing device for drilling as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: The cross-sectional structure of the shell comprises, from inside to outside, a high-temperature-resistant polymer material, a high-strength steel and a high-temperature-resistant and wear-resistant coating.

5. A deep rock mass property nuclear magnetic resonance sensing device for drilling as claimed in claim 4, characterized in that: The high-temperature-resistant polymer material is fluorine rubber.

6. A deep rock mass property nuclear magnetic resonance sensing device for drilling as claimed in claim 4, characterized in that: The high-strength steel is glass steel.

7. A deep rock mass property nuclear magnetic resonance sensing device for drilling as claimed in claim 4, characterized in that: The high-temperature-resistant and wear-resistant coating is a ceramic coating.

8. A sensing method applied to the deep rock mass property sensing device for drilling according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that, The device comprises the following steps: S1, the detection module is subjected to demagnetization treatment, and a plurality of drilling measurement depths are set, and after completion, the rock layer is drilled by rotating the drill bit; S2, whenever the drill bit drills to a set drilling measurement depth, drilling is stopped, and the gradient magnetic field generator is turned on to emit a gradient magnetic signal from the drilling position to the surrounding rock mass; S3, the gradient magnetic field generator is turned off, and the magnetic sensor is used to receive the returned magnetic signal in real time; S4, the magnetic sensor transmits the received signal to the signal processor, and the signal processor denoises and amplifies the signal; S5, the signal processor transmits the processed signal to the ground central processing unit through the central cable drill rod; S6, steps S2 to S5 are repeated multiple times until drilling measurement at multiple drilling measurement depths is completed, and nuclear magnetic information at each set drilling measurement depth position is obtained during drilling, and the ground central processing unit generates a three-dimensional distribution model of rock mass physical parameters including porosity, water content and fracture distribution characteristics according to all collected information.

9. A method of sensing the properties of deep rock formations for drilling purposes by means of nuclear magnetic resonance as claimed in claim 8, characterized in that: In S4, the signal processor uses an adaptive filtering algorithm to denoise the signal, and uses a fast Fourier transform algorithm to separate the target signal from the background interference signal, so as to ensure the clarity and accuracy of the signal.

10. A method of sensing the properties of deep rock formations for drilling purposes by means of nuclear magnetic resonance as claimed in claim 8, characterized in that: The ground central processing unit in S6 fuses and processes the nuclear magnetic signal and the traditional geological parameters through a Transformer deep learning model, extracts key indicators of rock mass physical properties such as porosity, fracture distribution characteristics and water content, then uses a convolutional neural network to capture local geometric features, combines the Transformer network to establish the dependence relationship of the global rock mass structure, and finally generates a three-dimensional distribution model of rock mass physical property parameters including porosity, water content and fracture distribution characteristics.

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