Low-attenuation super-strong electromagnetic shielding cable
By introducing modified carbon fiber cloth layers into the cable, the problem of electromagnetic radiation leakage in the cable was solved, achieving efficient electromagnetic shielding while reducing cost and weight and enhancing the cable's toughness.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202511043065.9
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Applications(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2025-07-28
- Publication Date
- 2025-11-21
AI Technical Summary
Existing cables suffer from electromagnetic radiation leakage during use, which affects the environment and electronic equipment. Traditional metal materials offer good electromagnetic shielding but are expensive, heavy, and lack toughness.
Modified carbon fiber cloth layers are introduced into cables to improve their electromagnetic shielding performance through modification treatment, including immersion in a specific solution and the addition of graphene oxide and zinc oxide to form modified fiber cloth layers that wrap around the outside of the conductor.
It effectively reduces electromagnetic radiation from cables to the environment, improves electromagnetic shielding, while reducing cost and weight, enhancing toughness, and meeting the electromagnetic interference requirements of cables.
Smart Images
Figure CN120998594A_ABST
Abstract
Description
TECHNICAL FIELD
[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of power cable, in particular to a low-attenuation super electromagnetic shielding cable. BACKGROUND
[0002] In recent years, with the rapid development of social economy and urbanization, the demand for power cables has increased dramatically, and their application has become more and more widespread, becoming an important support for urban development. The total power consumption of the whole society shows a growing trend. Therefore, it is necessary to reasonably use power cables to ensure their stable transmission of power in a safe and reliable working state, which plays a crucial role in the normal operation of the entire power grid.
[0003] And with the rapid development of the electronics industry, electromagnetic waves have penetrated into every corner of daily life, greatly facilitating human life. However, the increase in electromagnetic radiation has led to environmental complexity and interference with the normal operation of nearby instruments and equipment, as well as electromagnetic hazards to the human body. The conductors in the cable also produce electromagnetic radiation when current passes through them. Although the polymer insulator wrapped around the conductor has good electromagnetic shielding effect on the electromagnetic waves generated by the conductor, a small amount of electromagnetic waves still leak into the natural environment. Because the total amount of cables is large, the total amount of electromagnetic radiation leaked into the environment is also not small, so the impact on the environment cannot be ignored. In addition, electromagnetic waves in nature can also penetrate the polymer insulator and interfere with the conductor. Electromagnetic shielding materials can greatly reduce electromagnetic radiation and effectively eliminate the above drawbacks. In the selection of electromagnetic shielding materials, although metal materials have good electromagnetic shielding effect, they have the problems of high price, heavy weight, and poor toughness, which are not suitable for cables. Carbon materials, especially carbon fiber cloth made of carbon fiber, have the advantages of light weight, high toughness, thinness, and low price, and are the first choice for electromagnetic shielding cables.
[0004] The demand for cables is increasing, and the reasons for its development are threefold: first, many cables have begun to age after long-term use, which has directly led to a significant reduction in the transmission efficiency of the power system. In order to ensure the quality of power transmission, it is necessary to upgrade the cables; second, the development of various high-power electrical equipment has increased the demand for cables; third, the significant advancement of industrialization and urbanization construction. These reasons have led to a significant increase in the use of cables, and the resulting electromagnetic radiation to the environment not only pollutes the environment but also interferes with electronic equipment. Therefore, it is of great significance to develop cables with high electromagnetic shielding efficiency. SUMMARY
[0005] To address the aforementioned technical problems, the present invention aims to provide a low-attenuation, ultra-strong electromagnetic shielding cable. By inserting a modified carbon fiber cloth layer with electromagnetic shielding effect into the cable, it can effectively reduce the electromagnetic waves radiated from the conductor to the environment while blocking electromagnetic waves radiated from nature toward the conductor.
[0006] The technical solution of the present invention to solve the above-mentioned technical problems is as follows: a low-attenuation ultra-strong electromagnetic shielding cable is provided, including a conductor layer, which is formed into a circle by twisting several copper wires, and the conductor layer is wrapped with an inner insulation layer, a modified carbon fiber cloth layer and an outer insulation layer in sequence.
[0007] When a conductor is energized, it generates electromagnetic waves that radiate outwards, or electromagnetic waves from nature radiate towards the cable. When these waves encounter electromagnetic shielding material (modified carbon fiber cloth), the vast majority are absorbed. Only a small amount is reflected and refracted, allowing them to enter the natural environment or continue into the cable, thus greatly reducing electromagnetic interference to the natural environment or the cable.
[0008] Furthermore, the modified fiber fabric layer was prepared by the following method: S1. The carbon fiber is placed in an acetone solution and soaked, then immersed in a mixed solution of ethylene glycol and ammonia, and transferred to a reaction vessel for ammoniation to obtain ammoniation-treated carbon fiber cloth; cooled to room temperature, and then washed and vacuum dried to obtain CFN; S2. Add graphene oxide to deionized water to prepare a suspension, adjust the pH to 8-9, and sonicate at room temperature. Then add the CFN obtained in step S1 to the suspension for soaking, and wash and dry in sequence to obtain CFN-GO. S3. Add the SFN-GO obtained in step S2 to a methanol solution of zinc acetate dihydrate, stir the reaction at room temperature, then adjust the pH to 8 and stir the reaction to obtain a CFN-GO mixed solution containing zinc ions. S4. Add zinc sulfate dropwise to sodium hydroxide solution, filter and wash to obtain ε-Zn(OH)2 precipitate; then add sodium hydroxide solution and CFN-GO mixed solution containing zinc ions obtained in step S3, mix well and react, cool to room temperature, wash and dry in sequence to obtain CFN-GO / ZnO; S5. Add the CFN-GO / ZnO obtained in step S5 to a phospholipid-polyethylene glycol solution and stir at room temperature. After washing and drying, a modified fiber cloth layer is obtained.
[0009] The specific steps are as follows: The modified fiber fabric layer is prepared by the following method: S1, carbon fiber is arranged in acetone solution, soaked at 80 ℃ for 48 h, then immersed in a mixed solution of ethylene glycol and ammonia, transferred to a reaction kettle, ammoniated at 180 ℃ for 12 h, and then cooled to room temperature, washed with alcohol and deionized water alternately for 3 times, and vacuum dried at 60 ℃ for 3 h to obtain CFN; S2, graphene oxide is added to deionized water to prepare a suspension of 0.5 mg / mL, ammonium hydroxide is added to adjust the pH to 8-9, and ultrasonic treatment is carried out at room temperature for 1 h, then the CFN obtained in step S1 is soaked in the suspension for 8 h, washed with deionized water, and dried at 60 ℃ for 3 h to obtain CFN-GO; S3, the SFN-GO obtained in step S2 is added to a methanol solution (1.5 g:200 mL) of zinc acetate dihydrate, stirred at room temperature, then sodium hydroxide solution is added dropwise to adjust the pH to 8 and stirred to obtain a mixed solution of CFN-GO containing zinc ions; S4, zinc sulfate (Zn(Ac)2·2H2O) is added dropwise to a sodium hydroxide solution, filtered and washed at 80 ℃ for 8 h to obtain ε-Zn(OH)2 precipitate; then the mixed solution of CFN-GO containing zinc ions obtained in step S3 is added to the sodium hydroxide solution and mixed uniformly, and then reacted in a stainless steel autoclave at 90 ℃ for 10 h, cooled to room temperature, washed with ultrapure water for 3 times, and dried to obtain CFN-GO / ZnO; S5, the CFN-GO / ZnO obtained in step S5 is added to a phospholipid-polyethylene glycol solution, stirred at room temperature for 120 min, washed with deionized water, and dried at 60 ℃ for 3 h to obtain a modified fiber cloth layer.
[0010] Further, in step S1, the volume ratio of ethylene glycol and ammonia is 150:9, and the concentration of ethylene glycol solution is 17.6 mol / L.
[0011] Further, in step S3, the concentration of zinc acetate dihydrate in methanol solution is 1.5 / 200 g / mL.
[0012] Further, in step S4, the mass-volume ratio of zinc sulfate and sodium hydroxide solution is 1 g:200 mL, the concentration of sodium hydroxide solution is 4 mol / L, and the volume ratio of the added sodium hydroxide solution and the mixed solution of CFN-GO containing zinc ions is 4:5.
[0013] Further, in step S5, the concentration of phospholipid-polyethylene glycol solution is 0.1 mg / mL.
[0014] Further, the modified carbon fiber cloth layer is wound in a spiral form outside the inner insulation layer; the overlap rate is 15%-25%.
[0015] Further, the gap between the hard copper wires in the conductor layer is filled with polyvinyl resin.
[0016] The beneficial effect of the above further scheme is that the polyvinyl resin has good adhesion, good flame retardance, low temperature resistance, excellent electrical insulation, can effectively prevent rainwater from entering the conductor, and can prevent stress corrosion from deteriorating, etc.
[0017] Further, the gap between the conductor layer and the inner insulation layer is filled with a water-tight agent; the water-tight agent is silane cross-linked polyethylene.
[0018] The beneficial effect of the above further scheme is that the water-tight agent is filled to play the roles of cable maintenance, insulation, waterproofing, shockproofing, and fixing, has good shock resistance and cold and hot impact resistance, and further prevents the inside of the wire from being immersed by rainwater and the like. The silane cross-linked polyethylene is a weather-resistant overhead material, has excellent physical properties, good heat resistance, cold resistance, corrosion resistance, pressure resistance, and the like, has a long service life, can effectively prevent cable short circuits, and has good tensile strength and impact strength, and can resist strong winds, heavy rain, and harsh weather conditions.
[0019] Further, the thickness of the inner insulation layer is 1-3 mm, the thickness of the modified carbon fiber cloth layer is 0.1-0.3 mm, and the thickness of the outer insulation layer is 2-5 mm.
[0020] The present application has the following beneficial effects: 1. The present application places the modified carbon fiber cloth layer between the inner insulation layer and the outer insulation layer, which not only has a simple process, but also forms a continuous and uniform path, and does not have the drawbacks of uneven distribution and difficulty in forming a continuous and excellent path like doped carbon powder and the like electromagnetic shielding materials, so that the electromagnetic shielding effect is better and the cost is lower. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS
[0021] Figure 1 is a schematic view of a low-attenuation super-strong electromagnetic shielding cable; wherein, Figure 1 In the figure, 1 is a conductor layer, 2 is an inner insulation layer, 3 is a modified carbon fiber cloth layer, and 4 is an outer insulation layer. DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0022] The principles and characteristics of the present application are described below, and the examples are only used to explain the present application and are not used to limit the scope of the present application. If the specific conditions are not specified in the examples, the conventional conditions or the conditions recommended by the manufacturer are used. If the reagents or instruments are not specified by the manufacturer, they are all conventional products that can be purchased on the market.
[0023] Example 1 The low-attenuation super-strong electromagnetic shielding cable comprises a conductor layer, the conductor layer is twisted into a circular shape by a plurality of copper wires, and the conductor layer is sequentially wrapped outside with an inner insulation layer, a modified carbon fiber cloth layer and an outer insulation layer. S1, the carbon fiber cloth is placed in an acetone solution, soaked at 80 DEG C for 48 h, then immersed in a mixed solution of 150 mL of ethylene glycol and 9 mL of ammonia, transferred to a reaction kettle, ammoniated at 180 DEG C for 12 h, and then cooled to room temperature, washed with alcohol and deionized water alternately for 3 times, and vacuum dried at 60 DEG C for 3 h to obtain CFN; S2, the graphene oxide is added to deionized water to prepare a suspension of 0.5 mg / mL, ammonium hydroxide is added to adjust the pH to 8-9, and ultrasonic treatment is carried out at room temperature for 1 h, then the CFN obtained in step S1 is soaked in the suspension for 8 h, washed with deionized water, and dried at 60 DEG C for 3 h to obtain CFN-GO; S3, the SFN-GO obtained in step S2 is added to a methanol solution (1.5 g:200 mL) of zinc acetate dihydrate, stirred at room temperature for 2 h, then 0.02 mol / L sodium hydroxide solution is added dropwise to adjust the pH to 8 and stirred to obtain a CFN-GO mixed solution containing zinc ions; S4, 1 g of zinc sulfate (Zn(Ac)2·2H2O) is added dropwise into 200 mL of 4 mol / L sodium hydroxide solution, filtered and washed at 80 DEG C for 8 h to obtain ε-Zn(OH)2 precipitate; then 80 mL of 4 mol / L sodium hydroxide solution and 100 mL of the CFN-GO mixed solution containing zinc ions obtained in step S3 are added and mixed, and then reacted in a 90 DEG C stainless steel autoclave for 10 h, cooled to room temperature, washed with ultrapure water for 3 times, and dried to obtain CFN-GO / ZnO; S5, the CFN-GO / ZnO obtained in step S5 is added to a phospholipid-polyethylene glycol solution with a concentration of 0.1 mg / mL, stirred at room temperature for 120 min, washed with deionized water, and dried at 60 DEG C for 3 h to obtain a modified fiber cloth layer.
[0024] Comparative Example 1 The preparation method of the carbon fiber cloth is the same as that of Example 1, except that steps S4-S5 are omitted.
[0025] Comparative Example 2 The preparation method of the carbon fiber cloth is the same as that of Example 1, except that step S5 is omitted.
[0026] Comparative Example 3 In Comparative Example 3, the modified carbon fiber cloth in Example 1 is replaced by a common carbon fiber cloth.
[0027] Test Example I. The modified carbon fiber cloth prepared in Examples 1-3 and the ordinary carbon fiber cloth of Comparative Example 1 were subjected to tensile strength, elastic modulus, electrical conductivity, and electromagnetic interference detection, and the detection method was as follows: tested according to GB / T 3354. The results are shown in Table 1.
[0028] Table 1 Performance test results
[0029] As can be seen from Table 1, after the carbon fiber is treated by ammoniation, the tensile strength and elastic modulus of the modified carbon fiber cloth obtained after adding GO, ZnO and DSPE are the best. This is because the hydrophilic groups (hydroxyl and amino) introduced into the carbon fiber cloth form a large number of hydrogen bonds, significantly increasing the surface energy of the carbon fiber, further enhancing the interfacial bonding strength, and improving the mechanical properties of the modified carbon fiber cloth. At the same time, we also tested the electrical conductivity of the modified carbon fiber cloth. By testing the electrical conductivity of the composite material, we can indirectly understand its potential electromagnetic shielding performance. As can be seen from Table 1, the electrical conductivity of the ordinary carbon fiber cloth of the comparative example is 1.3 S / cm, indicating that its electrical conductivity is limited. However, after the surface of the CF is modified by GO / ZnO / DSPE, the electrical conductivity of the composite material has been significantly improved. The highest electrical conductivity of the modified composite material is 14.4 S / cm, which is almost 10 times that of the original material. This may be because GO / ZnO / DSPE brings more conductive paths, including the transfer of electrons between CF and GO, the hopping transfer of electrons between CF to GO, CF to ZnO, GO to ZnO, ZnO to DSPE, and ZnO nanowires, thereby facilitating electron transfer and improving the electrical conductivity of CFRP. In addition, electromagnetic shielding (SET) tests were also conducted. The SET value of the ordinary carbon fiber cloth is only 25.9 dB, indicating that CF itself cannot effectively shield induced electromagnetic waves. However, after continuous improvement of GO, ZnO and DSPE, the shielding value of the composite material has increased to 36.4 dB, 37.8 dB, and the highest to 42.9 dB, which has exceeded the requirements of civil electromagnetic shielding materials, and has increased by 64.19% compared with the untreated composite material. This significant improvement is mainly due to the synergistic effect between GO and ZnO, which together enhances the ability to reflect and absorb electromagnetic waves.
[0030] The above description is only the preferred embodiment of the present application, and is not intended to limit the present application. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present application shall be included in the protection scope of the present application.
Claims
1. A low-attenuation, high-strength electromagnetically shielded cable, characterized in that, It includes a conductor layer, which is formed by twisting several copper wires into a circle, and is wrapped with an inner insulation layer, a modified carbon fiber cloth layer and an outer insulation layer in sequence.
2. The low-attenuation, high-strength electromagnetic shielded cable as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The modified fiber fabric layer is prepared by the following method: S1. The carbon fiber is placed in an acetone solution and soaked, then immersed in a mixed solution of ethylene glycol and ammonia, and transferred to a reaction vessel for ammoniation to obtain ammoniation-treated carbon fiber cloth. After cooling to room temperature, the product is washed and vacuum dried to obtain CFN. S2. Add graphene oxide to deionized water to prepare a suspension, adjust the pH to 8-9, and sonicate at room temperature. Then, add the CFN obtained in step S1 to the suspension and soak it. After washing and drying, CFN-GO is obtained. S3. Add the SFN-GO obtained in step S2 to a methanol solution of zinc acetate dihydrate, stir the reaction at room temperature, then adjust the pH to 8 and stir the reaction to obtain a CFN-GO mixed solution containing zinc ions. S4. Add zinc sulfate dropwise to sodium hydroxide solution, filter and wash to obtain ε-Zn(OH)2 precipitate; then add sodium hydroxide solution and CFN-GO mixed solution containing zinc ions obtained in step S3, mix well and react, cool to room temperature, wash and dry in sequence to obtain CFN-GO / ZnO; S5. Add the CFN-GO / ZnO obtained in step S5 to a phospholipid-polyethylene glycol solution and stir at room temperature. After washing and drying, a modified fiber cloth layer is obtained.
3. The low-attenuation, high-strength electromagnetic shielded cable as described in claim 1, characterized in that, In step S1, the volume ratio of ethylene glycol to ammonia is 150:9, and the concentration of the ethylene glycol solution is 17.6 mol / L.
4. The low-attenuation, high-strength electromagnetic shielded cable as described in claim 1, characterized in that, In step S3, the concentration of the methanol solution of zinc acetate dihydrate is 1.5 / 200 g / mL.
5. The low-attenuation, high-strength electromagnetic shielded cable as described in claim 1, characterized in that, In step S4, the mass-to-volume ratio of zinc sulfate to sodium hydroxide solution is 1 g: 200 mL, the concentration of sodium hydroxide solution is 4 mol / L, and the volume ratio of the added sodium hydroxide solution to the CFN-GO mixed solution containing zinc ions is 4:
5.
6. The low-attenuation, high-strength electromagnetic shielded cable as described in claim 1, characterized in that, In step S5, the concentration of the phospholipid-polyethylene glycol solution is 0.1 mg / mL.
7. The low-attenuation, high-strength electromagnetic shielded cable as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The modified carbon fiber cloth layer is spirally overlapped and wrapped around the outside of the inner insulation layer; the overlap rate is 15%-25%.
8. The low-attenuation, high-strength electromagnetic shielded cable as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The gaps between the hard copper wires in the conductor layer are filled with polyethylene resin.
9. The low-attenuation, high-strength electromagnetic shielded cable as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The gap between the conductor layer and the inner insulation layer is filled with a watertight agent; the watertight agent is silane cross-linked polyethylene.
10. The low-attenuation, high-strength electromagnetic shielded cable as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The inner insulation layer has a thickness of 1-3 mm, the modified carbon fiber cloth layer has a thickness of 0.1-0.3 mm, and the outer insulation layer has a thickness of 2-5 mm.